Full Text - of Research Center for the Pacific Islands, Kagoshima
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Full Text - of Research Center for the Pacific Islands, Kagoshima
KAGOSHIMA UNIVERSITY RESEARFCH CENTER FOR THE PACIFIC ISLANDS 㮵ඣᓥᏛᅜ㝿ᓥᕋᩍ⫱◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ ༡ኴᖹὒᾏᇦㄪᰝ◊✲ሗ࿌㸦ࣂࢵࢡࢼࣥࣂ࣮㸧 OCCASIONAL PAPERS (BACK NUMBER) No. 28 Tropical Fisheries (Japanese) No. 29 Modern Japan’s “Nanpo Kan’yo” (Participation towards the South) (Japanese) No. 30 The Progress Report of the 1995 Survey of the Research Project, “Man and the Environment in Micronesia” (English) No. 42 The Progress Report of the 2002-2004 Survey of the Research Project “Social Homeostasis of Small Island in an Island-Zone”: Interdisciplinary Approach to Satsunan Islands Focussing on Yoron Island (Japanese/English) No. 43 Islam in Contemporary Southeast Asia (Japanese) No. 31 Invitation to the South Pacific: Selected Lecture Notes from the Kagoshima University Research Center for the South Pacific Public Lecture Series 1994-1997 (Japanese) No. 44 The Future of Shimauta (Japanese) No. 32 Foraminifera as Indicators of Marine Environments in the Present and Past (Japanese) No. 46 A Research Project for Sensor Zone Setting on Kagoshima Chain Islands from South to North for Cultural and Environmental Transition (Japanese) No. 33 Islands and Information Society (Japanese/ English) No. 34 The Progress Report of the 1999 Survey of the Research Project “Social Homeostasis of Small Islands in an Island-Zone” Yap Proper, Micronesia and Islands in Southern Japan (Japanese/English) No. 35 “The Power of Place” of the Areas at the Boundary between Land and Sea: The Viewpoint from Southern Kyushu and the Southerly Islands (Japanese) No. 36 Health and Medical Issues in Island Areas (Japanese/English) No. 37 Researching Eruption Clouds of Volcanic Island Chains (Japanese/English) No. 38 The Progress Report of the 2000 and 2001 Survey of the Research Project “Social Homeostasis of Small Island in an Island-Zone” Islands in Southern Japan (Japanese/English) No. 39 The Progress Report of the 2000 and 2001 Survey of the Research Project “Social Homeostasis of Small Island in an Island-Zone” Yap Proper and Ulithi Atoll, Micronesia (English) No. 40 Institutions in the Making: An Interdisciplinary Study on Social Life and Economy of the Philippine Local (Japanese) No. 41 “Symbiosis” of Human Being and Nature in the South Pacific Islands (English) No. 45 Innovation of Education in Remote Islands to Affect a Request of the Present Age (Japanese) No. 47 Global Warming and Pacific Islands (English/Japanese) No. 48 Climate Changes and Globalization: Environment and People’s Life in the Pacific Islands (English) No. 49 Strategy on the Asian-Pacific Islands and Kagoshima: Center-Periphery, Interdisciplinary and International Contribution (Japanese) No. 50 Re-Opening as “The Center for Island Studies Education and Research”, Symposium: “Nesia Empowerment” Developing Island Futures (Japanese/English) No. 51 Interdisciplinary Research in the Small Islands, Subtropical Zone (Japanese) No. 52 The Development towards Affluent and Homeostatic Kagoshima Islands (Japanese) No. 53 Research on the Influence of Globalization and Global Warming on Life in Chuuk Atoll (English) No. 54 New Horizon of Island Studies in the Asia-Pacific Region (English) No. 55 Challenge of Integrated Disciplinary Research: Natural Resource Uses in the Pacific Islands (Japanese/English) KAGOSHIMA UNIVERSITY RESEARCH CENTER FOR THE PACIFIC ISLANDS ༡ኴᖹὒᾏᇦ◊✲ㄪᰝሗ࿌ NO.56㸦2015 ᖺ 3 ᭶㸧 OCCASIONAL PAPERS NO.56㸦March 2015㸧 ᖹᡂ 26 ᖺᗘᏛ㛗㔞⤒㈝࣭◊✲ࢥࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ㸦ᓥᕋ㸧 㸫ᅜෆእᓥᕋᆅᇦ࠾ࡅࡿ⮬❧ⓗⓎᒎᐤࡍࡿ◊✲ࡢ᥎㐍㸫 Report of the 2014 Survey of the Research Project (Presidential Discretionary Fund for Island Studies) ᱓ཎᏘ㞝࣭ᑎ⏣❳ኴ࣭Ἑྜ ࣭ᒣᮏ᐀❧⦅ Edited by KUWAHARA Sueo, TERADA Ryuta, KAWAI Kei and YAMAMOTO Sota 㮵ඣᓥᏛᅜ㝿ᓥᕋᩍ⫱◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ KAGOSHIMA UNIVERSITY RESEARCH CENTER FOR THE PACIFIC ISLANDS iⅰ ࡣࡌࡵ ᓥࡣᾏᅖࡲࢀࠊ⊃㝼ᛶࠊ⬤ᙅᛶ࠸࠺≉ᚩࢆᣢࡕࠊࡑࡇࡣ⊂⮬ࡢ⮬↛ࠊᩥࠊ ♫⤒῭ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡀᏑᅾࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ ࠕᓥࡣࡦࡘࡢୡ⏺ࠖᤊ࠼ࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡲࡍࠋ ࡲࡓࠊᆅ⌫ ᬮࡸ⤒῭ࡢࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ࡞ࠊ⮬↛ࡸ♫⎔ቃࡢኚືࡢ࠺ࡡࡾࡀ ᑠᓥᕋࡁ࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡣࠊᾏỈ㠃ࡢୖ᪼ࡀᅜᅵᏑஸࡢ༴ᶵࡘ࡞ ࡀࡿ༡ኴᖹὒㅖᅜࡢࡽࡶ᫂ࡽ࡛ࡍࠋᓥࡣᵝࠎ࡞⎔ቃኚືࡢᙳ㡪ࢆᙉࡃ㎿㏿ ཷࡅࡿᆅᇦ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊࠕᓥࡣୡ⏺ࡢ⦰ᅗࠖࡶ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡲࡍࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊୡ⏺ࡀ ᢪ࠼ࡿᵝࠎ࡞⎔ቃኚືᑐࡍࡿᙳ㡪ࢆ᥎ᐹࡋࠊࡑࡢ㐺ᛂ⟇ࢆᥦゝࡍࡿሙᡤࡋ࡚ࠊ ࠕᓥᕋࠖᇦࡣ᭱㐺࡞ᆅᇦ࠸࠼ࡲࡍࠋ ᅜ㝿ᓥᕋᩍ⫱◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸦ᓥᕋ◊㸧࡛ࡣࠕᓥࡣ୍ࡘࡢୡ⏺ࠖࡢࢸ࣮࣐ࡢࡶ ᖹᡂ 26 ᖺᗘᓥᕋ◊ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡋ࡚㝮ㅖᓥ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ㐃㑥࣏ࣥ࣌ᕞࢆ ᑐ㇟ࠊᑓ௵ᩍဨවົᩍဨࡀཧຍࡋࠊᏛ⾡⥲ྜㄪᰝࢆ⾜࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ㝮 ㅖᓥㄪᰝࡘ࠸࡚ࡣᖹᡂ 27 ᖺ 2 ᭶ 23 ᪥ሗ࿌ࢆ⾜࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋ ࡲࡓࠊࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࠕᓥࢆ⤖ࡪᏛࡧ㐃ᦠ㸫ᆅඖᏛᓥᕋᏛࡢྠᒎ㛤㸫࡛ࠖࡣ ື⏬ࢧࢺࢆ⏝ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊྛᓥࠎࢆࡘ࡞ࡂᵝࠎ࡞ၥ㢟ࡘ࠸࡚✵㛫ࢆ㉺࠼࡚ ㆟ㄽࢆ⾜࠸ࠊᑗ᮶ࡢᓥᕋࡢⓎᒎࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ᪉ྥᛶࢆ⪃࠼ࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋ ᮏࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࡣ✀Ꮚᓥ࠾࠸࡚⾜࠺ணᐃ࡛ࡋࡓࡀࠊྎ㢼ࡀ✀Ꮚᓥࢆ┤ᧁࡍࡿྍ⬟ ᛶࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡾࠊᛴ㑉㮵ඣᓥᏛ࠾࠸࡚⾜࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋࡋࡋࠊከࡃࡢ᪉ཧຍࡋ࡚ ࠸ࡓࡔࡁࠊཧຍ⪅ྛᓥࠎࡢ᪉ࠎࡢ⇕࠸㆟ㄽࡀᕳࡁ㉳ࡇࡾ㠀ᖖ᭷┈࡞ࡶࡢ࡞ࡾ ࡲࡋࡓࠋ ᮏሗ࿌᭩ࡣࡇࢀࡽ◊✲ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࡢᡂᯝሗ࿌᭩࡛ࡍࠋ᭱ᚋᮏࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ ㄪᰝࡣᖹᡂ 26 ᖺᗘᏛ㛗㔞⤒㈝࣭◊✲ࢥࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ㸦ᓥᕋ㸧㸫ᅜෆእᓥᕋ ᆅᇦ࠾ࡅࡿ⮬❧ⓗⓎᒎᐤࡍࡿ◊✲ࡢ᥎㐍㸫ࠕ⎔ቃኚືᑐࡍࡿ㐺ᛂ⟇ࡢᵓ⠏ 㸫ᆅᇦ࣭Ꮫ㝿ẚ㍑◊✲ࡼࡿᥦゝ㸫ࠖࡢ୍⎔ࡋ࡚⏬ࡉࢀࠊࡑࡢຓᡂࢆཷࡅ࡚ ⾜ࢃࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ 2015 ᖺ 3 ᭶ Ἑྜ 㮵ඣᓥᏛᅜ㝿ᓥᕋᩍ⫱◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㛗 iii ⅲ 㝮ㅖᓥᏛ⾡ㄪᰝሗ࿌ ᓥࡣ୍ࡘࡢୡ⏺㸫㝮ㅖᓥ⥲ྜㄪᰝ㸫 ᖹᡂ 26 ᖺᗘᏛ㛗㔞⤒㈝◊✲ࢥࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ㸦ᓥᕋ㸧ሗ࿌ ᪥㸸ᖹᡂ 27 ᖺ 2 ᭶ 23 ᪥ 13:00㹼16:00 ሙᡤ㸸⥲ྜᩍ⫱◊✲Ჷ 5 㝵㆟ᐊ ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ 13:00 㕥ᮌᘅᚿ㸸◲㯤ᓥᒁᅾࡍࡿ Xenograpsus ᒓ࢝ࢽ㢮ಶయ⩌ⅆᒣᛶᄇẼ 13:10 ⸨⏣ᚿṌ㸸ᒇஂᓥཬࡧ㝮༙ᓥ࠾ࡅࡿࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢศᕸㄪᰝ 13:20 ℈⏣Ꮨஅ㸸༡᪉⣔⸆⏝᳜≀࠾ࡼࡧᾏὒ⏕≀⏤᮶ࡢ㣗ẘゎẘ≀㉁ࡢ᥈ᰝ 13:30 ᮧ᭷㎿㸸✀Ꮚᓥศᕸࡍࡿᅄ༑ᖏࡢᵓ㐀ᆅ㉁Ꮫⓗ◊✲ 13:40 ሯ 㟹㸸㝮ㅖᓥ࡛ࣈࣘࡀ፹ࡍࡿࣇࣛࣜࡢㄪᰝ 13:50 Ἑྜ 㸸ࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫࡽぢࡓ㝮ㅖᓥࡢ⛉Ꮫ⣔ㄪᰝࡘ࠸࡚ 14:10 㫽ᒃாྖ㸸ᒇஂᓥ࠾ࡅࡿ࣐ࢢࣟ᭥ࡁ⦖㔮ࡾ⁺ᴗᑟධࡼࡿ⤒῭ຠᯝࡢศᯒ 14:20 ᒣᮏ㞞ྐ㸸✀Ꮚᓥ࠾ࡅࡿᯝᶞ᱂ᇵ 14:30 ᒣᮏ᐀❧㸸㝮ㅖᓥ࠾ࡅࡿ⸆⏝᳜≀ 14:50 ᱓ཎᏘ㞝㸸✀Ꮚᓥᒇஂᓥࡢほග◊✲ 15:00 ༖ᒇṇே㸸ཱྀỌⰋ㒊ᓥ࠾ࡅࡿሗ㏻ಙᇶ┙ࡢ⌧≧ᚋࡢᩚഛྍ⬟ᛶ 15:10 బ⸨ᏹஅ㸸㏆ୡ✀Ꮚᓥ࠾ࡅࡿẼೃኚື 15:20 ᪂㔛㈗அ㸸ࢺ࢝ࣛิᓥࡢ↓ேᓥ㸸ᶓᙜᓥࡢ⪃ྂᏛ㋃ᰝ 15:30 㛗ᔱಇ㸸㝮ㅖᓥෆ㞟ⴠࡢኚື㸫㛤ᣅ࣭⛣ఫ࣭ᾘ⁛࣭᪂⏕㸫 ⅳ iv ᓥࢆ⤖ࡪᏛࡧ㐃ᦠ㸫ᆅඖᏛᓥᕋᏛࡢྠᒎ㛤㸫 㮵ඣᓥᏛࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ ࠗᓥࢆ⤖ࡪᏛࡧ㐃ᦠ㸫ᆅඖᏛᓥᕋᏛࡢྠᒎ㛤㸫࠘ ദ㸸Ꮫ㛗㔞⤒㈝◊✲ࢥࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ㸦ᓥᕋ㸧 ඹദ㸸୰✀Ꮚ⏫࣭㮵ඣᓥᏛᅜ㝿ᓥᕋᩍ⫱◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ ᪥㸸ᖹᡂ 26 ᖺ 10 ᭶ 4 ᪥ 13:00㹼17:00 ሙᡤ㸸⥲ྜᩍ⫱◊✲Ჷ 5 㝵㆟ᐊ ୰⥅㸸⨾ࢧࢸࣛࢺᩍᐊ࣭ㄽᆅᇦάᛶࢭࣥࢱཱྀ࣮࣭ỌⰋ㒊ᓥ ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ 13:00 㛤 13:10 ᇶㄪㅮ₇ ▼ṇᕫ㸦ᮾிᏛⱁᏛ㸧 㸸⸃༡ㅖᓥ࡛⪃࠼ࡿᾏୖࡢ㐨 14:10 ி⚽㸦㮵࣭ᅜ㝿ᓥᕋᩍ⫱◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸧 㸸ᇶㄪㅮ₇ᑐࡍࡿࢥ࣓ࣥࢺ 14:35 㛗ᔱಇ㸦㮵࣭ᅜ㝿ᓥᕋᩍ⫱◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸧 㸸ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࣭࢘ࢸ࣮࣐ゎ㢟 14:40 ஂ⡿‶ᬕ㸦NPO ࢱ࣮ࢺࣝࢡ࣮ࣝ㸧 㸸ᾏὒᏛᰯ࡞ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ 14:55 㐲⸨⿱ᮍ㸦࡞ࢃࡾ⏕ጧᒣ㎰ᅬ㸧 㸸㎰ࡼࡿᆅᇦ࡙ࡃࡾⓎಙ 15:10 ᡭሯ㈼⮳㸦ᒇஂᓥ⏕≀ከᵝᛶಖ༠㆟㸧 㸸✀ࡢከᵝᛶಖάື 15:25 ㈗⯞ᜤᏊ㸦ཱྀỌⰋ㒊㸧 㸸ᆅᇦෆࣅࢪࢿࢫ 15:40 ᱓ཎᏘ㞝㸦㮵࣭ἲᩥᏛ㒊㸧 㸸ほගᩥே㢮Ꮫ 15:55 ༖ᒇṇே㸦㮵࣭Ꮫ⾡ሗᇶ┙ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸧 㸸ᓥࠎࢆ⧅ࡄᒎ㛤ሗᕤᏛ 16:20 ウㄽ 17:00 㛢 vⅴ ┠ḟ ࡣࡌࡵ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭i ሗ࿌࠾ࡼࡧࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣒࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭ࣛiii ࠙㝮ㅖᓥ⦅ࠚ 1) 㝮ㅖᓥࡢ⮬↛⛉Ꮫ⣔ࢆ୰ᚰࡋࡓ◊✲ືྥ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭1 Ἑྜ 㸦㮵ඣᓥᏛᅜ㝿ᓥᕋᩍ⫱◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸧 2) ✀Ꮚᓥศᕸࡍࡿᅄ༑ᖏࡢ㡫ᒾࡢኚᙧక࠺≀㉁⛣ື࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭3 ᮧ᭷㎿ 1, 2࣭ᑠ℈ ㈼ 3࣭ᮧ㔛 3࣭㛗㇂ᕝுኴ 3࣭➟ཎៅᖹ 3࣭┾㑓ே 3࣭ ᕝ➃カ௦ 4 㸦1 㮵ඣᓥᏛᏛ㝔⌮ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉ࠊ2 㮵ඣᓥᏛᅜ㝿ᓥᕋᩍ⫱◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࠊ 3 3) 㮵ඣᓥᏛ⌮Ꮫ㒊ࠊ4 㮵ඣᓥᏛ⥲ྜ◊✲༤≀㤋㸧 ㏆ୡ✀Ꮚᓥ࠾ࡅࡿẼೃኚື࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭7 బ⸨ᏹஅ㸦㮵ඣᓥᏛᩍ⫱Ꮫ㒊㸧 4) ࢺ࢝ࣛิᓥ࠾ࡅࡿ↓ேᓥ㸦ᶓᙜᓥ࣭⮩⺬ᓥ㸧ࡢ⪃ྂᏛ㋃ᰝ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭9 ᪂㔛㈗அ㸦㮵ඣᓥᏛᇙⶶᩥ㈈ㄪᰝࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸧 5) 㝮ㅖᓥෆ㞟ⴠࡢேཱྀ࣭♫ኚື㸫㛤ᣅ࣭⛣ఫ࣭ᾘ⁛࣭᪂⏕࣭ᩥ⯆㸫࣭࣭࣭࣭13 㛗ᔱಇ㸦㮵ඣᓥᏛᅜ㝿ᓥᕋᩍ⫱◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸧 6) ✀Ꮚᓥ࠾ࡅࡿᯝᶞ᱂ᇵ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭17 ᒣᮏ㞞ྐ㸦㮵ඣᓥᏛ㎰Ꮫ㒊㸧 7) 㝮ㅖᓥ࠾ࡅࡿ⸆⏝᳜≀࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭21 ᒣᮏ᐀❧㸦㮵ඣᓥᏛᅜ㝿ᓥᕋᩍ⫱◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸧 8) ⣚⸴ࣁࢼࣖࢼࢠྵࡲࢀࡿḟ௦ㅰ⏘≀㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭25 ᇶ ඃⰼ࣭ᚚ㡿ཎᏕᑦ࣭ᮧ㇂ጾྐ࣭௬ᒇᓮ ⥤࣭ᮡ⏣ᜨ࣭℈⏣Ꮨஅ 㸦㮵ඣᓥᏛᏛ㝔⌮ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉㸧 ⅵ vi 9) 㝮ㅖᓥ࡛ࣈࣘࡀ፹ࡍࡿࣇࣛࣜࡢㄪᰝ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭29 ሯ 㟹㸦㮵ඣᓥᏛᅜ㝿ᓥᕋᩍ⫱◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸧 10) 㝰༙ᓥ⏕ᜥࡍࡿ㔝⏕ࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢ⩌ࢀࢧࢬ㸫ᒇஂᓥࡢẚ㍑㸫࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭33 ⸨⏣ᚿṌ 1࣭ᗙ㤿⪔୍㑻 2࣭➉ࣀୗ♸ 3࣭⏣୍㞝 4࣭ᕷ᮶ࡼࡋᏊ 5 㸦1 㮵ඣᓥᏛඹྠ⋇་Ꮫ㒊ࠊ2 ி㒔Ꮫࢪ࣭ࣇࣜ࢝ᆅᇦ◊✲◊✲⛉㸭㔝 ⏕ື≀◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࠊ3 ୰㒊Ꮫ㝔ᏛᏊࡶᏛ㒊ࠊ4NPO ἲேࣉ࣓ࣛࢺ࣭ ࢦࣛࠊ5 㝮༙ᓥࡢ⮬↛ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿ㸧 11) 㮵ඣᓥ┴◲㯤ᓥࡢⅆᒣᄇẼᏍ࿘㎶⏕ᜥࡍࡿ Xenograpsus testudinatus ࡢ ⏕≀Ꮫⓗ◊✲࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭37 㕥ᮌᘅᚿ࣭ᒾᓮ㉳☻࣭Ᏹ㒔ᐑᝆ࣭ᒾᮏᾏ⨾㸦㮵ඣᓥᏛỈ⏘Ꮫ㒊㸧 12) ᒇஂᓥ✀Ꮚᓥࡢ㨶㢮┦ㄪᰝ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭41 ᑠᯞᆂኴ࣭ྜྷ⏣᭸ᘯ࣭⏣௦㒓ᅜ࣭ᮏᮧᾈஅ㸦㮵ඣᓥᏛ⥲ྜ◊✲༤≀㤋㸧 13) ᒇஂᓥ⁺༠࠾ࡅࡿࣚࢥ࣡᭥ࡁ⦖㔮ࡾࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡢ⤒⦋ㄢ㢟࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭45 㫽ᒃாྖ㸦㮵ඣᓥᏛỈ⏘Ꮫ㒊㸧 14) ᒇஂᓥ✀Ꮚᓥࡢほගࡢ⌧≧࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭49 ᱓ཎᏘ㞝㸦㮵ඣᓥᏛἲᩥᏛ㒊㸧 15) ཱྀỌⰋ㒊ᓥ࠾ࡅࡿሗ㏻ಙᇶ┙ࡢ⌧≧ᚋࡢᩚഛྍ⬟ᛶ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭53 ༖ᒇṇே㸦㮵ඣᓥᏛᏛ⾡ሗᇶ┙ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸧 ࣑࠙ࢡࣟࢿࢩ㐃㑥࣏ࣥ࣌ᕞ⦅ࠚ 16) ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ㐃㑥ࡢⅆᒣᓥࡢᆅ㉁ㄪᰝ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭57 ࣮࣐ࣞࣥ ࣁࣇ࣮ࢬ ࢘ࣝ㸦㮵ඣᓥᏛᏛ㝔⌮ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉㸧 17) ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ㐃㑥࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥ࠾ࡅࡿⅆᒣᒾࡢ⏘≧ྂᆅ☢ẼᏛⓗᛶ㉁࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭61 ᮧ᭷㎿㸦㮵ඣᓥᏛᏛ㝔⌮ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉㸧 18) ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ㐃㑥࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥ࠾ࡅࡿ₻㛫ᖏ⏕ᜥࡍࡿᕳ㈅࢟ࣂ࣐࢞ Nerita plicata ࡢ⏕ᜥ⎔ቃẆⰍከᵝᛶ㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭65 Ἑྜ 㸦㮵ඣᓥᏛᅜ㝿ᓥᕋᩍ⫱◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸧 vii ⅶ 19) ࣏ࣥ࣌ᕞ࠾ࡼࡧࢳ࣮ࣗࢡᕞ࠾ࡅࡿࣈࣘࡢ⏕ᜥㄪᰝ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭67 ሯ 㟹㸦㮵ඣᓥᏛᅜ㝿ᓥᕋᩍ⫱◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸧 20) ࣏ࣥ࣌ᕞ࠾ࡼࡧࢳ࣮ࣗࢡᕞ࠾ࡅࡿ㣗ㄪᰝ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭69 ᒣᮏ᐀❧㸦㮵ඣᓥᏛᅜ㝿ᓥᕋᩍ⫱◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸧 21) ࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉᓥࡢ㣴Ꮚไᗘ㸫ᐙ᪘࣭ぶ᪘࣭፧ጻࡢኚᐜࡢ㛵ࢃࡾ࠾࠸࡚㸫࣭࣭࣭73 ୰㇂⣧Ụ㸦㮵ඣᓥᏛᅜ㝿㐃ᦠ᥎㐍ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸧 22) ࠑ↓ពࠒ࡞࢜ࣈࢪ࢙ࡋ࡚ࡢఏ⤫ᕤⱁရ㸫࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ㐃㑥࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥ࠾ࡅࡿ ࢝ࣆ࣐ࣥ࢞ࣛࣥࢠ⣔ఫẸࡢࣁࣥࢻࢡࣛࣇࢺάືࡽ㸫࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭75 㬼ᡞ ⪽㸦㮵ඣᓥᏛἲᩥᏛ㒊㸧 23) ࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉᓥ࠾ࡼࡧࣆࢫ࣭ࣃࢿ࢘ᓥ࡛ࡢ♫ⓗ㛵ಀ㈨ᮏ㸫㉳ᴗ࣭እ㒊㐃ᦠ࣭♫ ኚ㠉࣭ᓥෆ⾜ᨻ㸫࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭79 㛗ᔱಇ㸦㮵ඣᓥᏛᅜ㝿ᓥᕋᩍ⫱◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸧 ⅷ viii Contents Preface࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭i Program of Seminar and Symposium࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭iii ࠙The Osumi Islandsࠚ 1) Trend of Scientific Research in the Osumi Islands࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭1 KAWAI Kei (Research Center for the Pacific Islands, Kagoshima University) 2) Mass Transfer Associated with Deformation in Shales from the Shimanto Belt in Tanegashima Island, Southwest Japan࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭3 KITAMURA Yujin1, 2, KOHAMA Ken3, MURASATO Kou3, HASEGAWA Ryota3, KASAHARA Shimpei3, MANABE Kento3 and KAWABATA Kuniyo4 (1Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, 2 Research Center for the Pacific Islands, Kagoshima University, 3Faculty of Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima University Museum) 4 3) Climate Change in Tanegashima Island of the Early Modern Period࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭7 SATO Hiroyuki (Faculty of Education, Kagoshima University) 4) Archaeological Survey on the Uninhabited Yokoatejima and Gajyajima Islands, the Tokara Islands, Kagoshima࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭9 SHINZATO Takayuki (Research Center for Archaeology, Kagoshima University) 5) Social Changes and Demographical Structure of the Villages in the Osumi Islands: Reclamation, Emigration, Extinction, Creation and Cultural Renaissance࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭13 NAGASHIMA Shunsuke (Research Center for the Pacific Islands, Kagoshima University) 6) Fruit Cultivation on Tanegashima Island࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭17 YAMAMOTO Masashi (Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University) 7) Medicinal Plants in the Osumi Islands࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭21 YAMAMOTO Sota (Research Center for the Pacific Islands, Kagoshima University) ix ⅸ 8) Study on Secondary Metabolites in the Red Alga Chondria armata࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭25 MOTOI Yuka, GORYOUBARA Takanao, OMURAYA Takeshi, KARIYAZAKI Aya, SUGITA Rie and HAMADA Toshiyuki (Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University) 9) A Survey of Filarial Parasites Transmitted by Blackflies in the Osumi Islands࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭29 OTSUKA Yasushi (Research Center for the Pacific Islands, Kagoshima University) 10) Group Size of Wild Japanese Macaques (Macaca fuscata fuscata) in the Osumi Peninsula: The Comparison with M. f. yakui in Yakushima Island࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭33 FUJITA Shiho1, ZAMMA Koichiro2, TAKENOSHITA Yuji3, WADA Kazuo4 and ICHIKI Yoshiko5 (1Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 2ASAFAS/WRC, Kyoto University, 3Faculty of Child Science, Chubu Gakuin University, 4Primate Agora, Care for Nature in Osumi Club) 5 11) Biological Study of the Hydrothermal Crab, Xenograpsus testudinatus Ng, Huang & Ho, 2000 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Grapsidae) Inhabit in the Adjacent Water of Showa-Iwojima, Southern Japan࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭37 SUZUKI Hiroshi, IWASAKI Tatsuki, UTSUNOMIYA Yu and IWAMOTO Amami (Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University) 12) Ichthyofaunal Surveys in Yakushima and Tanegashima Islands࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭41 KOEDA Keita, YOSHIDA Tomohiro, TASHIRO Satokuni and MOTOMURA Hiroyuki (Kagoshima University Museum) 13) The Present Conditions and Problems of the Trolling Line in the Yakushima Fisheries Cooperative Association࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭45 TORII Takashi (Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University) 14) Present Situation of Tourism in Yakushima and Tanegashima Islands࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭49 KUWAHARA Sueo (Faculty of Law, Economics and Humanities, Kagoshima University) 15) Current Status and Future Potential of Broadband Infrastructure Development on Kuchinoerabujima Island࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭53 MASUYA Masato (Computing and Communications Center, Kagoshima University) ⅹx ࠙Pohnpei State, the Federated States of Micronesiaࠚ 16) Geological Investigation of the Volcanic Islands in the Federated States of Micronesia࣭࣭࣭57 REHMAN Hafiz Ur (Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University) 17) Occurrence of Volcanic Rocks and Their Paleomagnetic Property in Pohnpei Island, the Federated States of Micronesia࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭61 KITAMURA Yujin (Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University) 18) Shell Color Polymorphism of Intertidal Gastropod Nerita plicata in Pohnpei Island, the Federated States of Micronesia࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭65 KAWAI Kei (Research Center for the Pacific Islands, Kagoshima University) 19) Survey of Blackfly Fauna in Pohnpei and Chuuk States࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭67 OTSUKA Yasushi (Research Center for the Pacific Islands, Kagoshima University) 20) Dietary Patterns in Pohnpei and Chuuk States࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭69 YAMAMOTO Sota (Research Center for the Pacific Islands, Kagoshima University) 21) Adoption in the Change of Family, Kinship, and Marriage: A Case Study of Pingelap Island࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭73 NAKATANI Sumie (Center for International Planning, Kagoshima University) 22) Traditional Crafts as “Meaningless” Objet: A Case of Handcraft Activities by Kapingamarangi People in Pohnpei Island࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭75 UDO Satoshi (Faculty of Law, Economics and Humanities, Kagoshima University) 23) Social Capital in Pingelap and Piis-Paneu Islands: Promotion of Enterprise, Collaboration with Outside, Reformation of Society, Island Administration࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭79 NAGASHIMA Shunsuke (Research Center for the Pacific Islands, Kagoshima University) 南太平洋海域調査研究報告 No.56（2015年3月） OCCASIONAL PAPERS No.56（March 2015） 㝮ㅖᓥࡢ⮬↛⛉Ꮫ⣔ࢆ୰ᚰࡋࡓ◊✲ືྥ Ἑྜ Trend of Scientific Research in the Osumi Islands KAWAI Kei 㮵ඣᓥᏛᅜ㝿ᓥᕋᩍ⫱◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ Research Center for the Pacific Islands, Kagoshima University せ᪨ 㝮ㅖᓥ㸦ᒇஂᓥࠊ✀Ꮚᓥࠊ◲㯤ᓥࠊ➉ᓥࠊ㯮ᓥࠊ㤿ẟᓥࠊཱྀỌⰋ㒊ᓥ㸧࠾ࡅࡿ⮬↛⛉Ꮫ⣔ ࡢ◊✲ࡢືྥࡘ࠸࡚ࠊᏛࡢᩥ⊩ࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫࢆ⏝ࡋ࡚ㄪᰝࡋࡓࠋศ㔝ࢆྵࡵ࡚ࠊ᭱ࡶ ㄪᰝࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᓥࡀᒇஂᓥ࡛ࠊࡑࡢḟࡀ➉ᓥ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢᆅᇦ࡛ࡣ 2 ␒┠ࡁ࡞ᓥ࡛ ࠶ࡿ✀Ꮚᓥࡣ 3 ␒┠ከࡃࡢ◊✲ࡀ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ ༡すㅖᓥࢆᵓᡂࡍࡿ⨾࣭⌰⌫ᆅᇦࡣ㧗࠸⏕≀ከᵝᛶከᵝ࡞ᩥࢆ⥔ᣢࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ ୡ⏺ⓗὀ┠ࢆ㞟ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿᆅᇦ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ㝮ㅖᓥࡣୡ⏺㑇⏘࡛࠶ࡿᒇஂᓥࢆ୰ᚰ ࠊほග⏕≀ከᵝᛶὀ┠ࡉࢀࡿᆅᇦ࡛ࠊ⮬↛⎔ቃⓗὀ┠ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᆅᇦ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡇࡢᆅᇦ࡛ࡣከࡃࡢㄪᰝ࣭◊✲ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࡀࠊ௦ඹࡑࡢ┠ⓗࡸᑐ㇟ࡀ ኚࢃࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡍ࡛ࡲ࡛ࡢ◊✲ᡂᯝࢆྵࡴከࡃࡢᩥ⊩ࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫࡀసࡽࢀ ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡶ࠶ࡾࠊࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫ࡛࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ᳨⣴ࢆ⾜࠺ࠊࡢ௦ࡢࡼ ࠺࡞◊✲ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࢆㄪࡿࡇࡀ⡆༢࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋࡋࠊࡇࡢ᳨⣴ ⤖ᯝࡔࡅࡽ࡛ࡣࡢࡼ࠺࡞せᅉࡀࡑࡢ◊✲ᙳ㡪ࢆ࠼ࠊ௦ඹࡢࡼ࠺࡞ ኚࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ◊✲ࡀࡢࡼ࠺࡞┦㛵ಀ࠶ࡗࡓࢆ᫂☜♧ࡍࡇࡀ࡛ ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊせ࡞Ꮫࡢᩥ⊩ࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫࢆ⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡛ࠊࡢࡼ࠺࡞ せᅉࡀ௦ࡢኚඹᙳ㡪ࡋ࠶࠸◊✲ࡀ㐍ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࢆ᫂☜ࡍࡿࡇࢆ┠ⓗ ࡋ࡚⾜ࡗࡓࠋ ලయⓗࡣ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᡭ㡰᳨࡛ウࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋྛࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫࢆᑐ㇟ࠕᓥࠖ࠸ ࠺༢ㄒࢆ࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻࡋ࡚ධࢀࠊ㛵㐃ࡍࡿㄽᩥࢱࢺࣝࢆᢳฟࡋࡓࠋᢳฟࡉࢀࡓࢱ ࢺࣝࡽࢸ࢟ࢫࢺ࣐ࢽࣥࢢἲࢆ⏝࠸ࠊ᭱ࡶࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ༢ㄒ 1,000 ࢆ㑅ࡧࠊ ࡑࡢᢳฟࡉࢀࡓ༢ㄒࡽ⮬↛⛉Ꮫ⣔࡛㔜せ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ༢ㄒࢆᢳฟࡋࡓࠋ㝮ㅖᓥ KAWAI Kei 㸦ᒇஂᓥࠊ✀Ꮚᓥࠊ◲㯤ᓥࠊ➉ᓥࠊ㯮ᓥࠊ㤿ẟᓥࠊཱྀỌⰋ㒊ᓥ㸧ࡢᓥྡ࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ ࡢ᳨⣴ࡽྛᓥ࠾ࡅࡿ◊✲ᒚṔࢆᢳฟࡋࡓࠋ ศ㔝ࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࡓࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫࡢ᳨⣴⤖ᯝ࡛ࡣᒇஂᓥࡢㄽᩥᩘࡀ୍␒ከ࠸ࡇࡀ ♧ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣᒇஂᓥࡀ⮬↛㑇⏘࡛࠶ࡿࡶࠊᏛࡢᣐⅬࡀ࠶ࡿ࠸࠺ࡇࡀ ࡁ࡞せᅉ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ⯆῝࠸ࡢࡣ㠃✚ࡋ࡚ࡁ࠸✀Ꮚᓥ㸦ᅗ 1㸧 ࡼࡾࡶࠊ➉ᓥ࠾࠸࡚ከࡃࡢ◊✲ࡀ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿⅬ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡇࡢ⌮⏤ࡢゎ᫂ࡀᚋࡢ ࢸ࣮࣐ࡢ୍ࡘ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ ᚋࠊࢹ࣮ࢱ࣐ࢽࣥࢢࡼࡾࠊ⮬↛⛉Ꮫศ㔝ࢆ୰ᚰࡋࡓࠊࡼࡾ୍ᒙࡢ᳨ウࢆ ⾜࠺ணᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ᅗ 1 ✀Ꮚᓥࡢ◁ 南太平洋海域調査研究報告 No.56（2015年3月） OCCASIONAL PAPERS No.56（March 2015） ✀Ꮚᓥศᕸࡍࡿᅄ༑ᖏࡢ㡫ᒾࡢኚᙧక࠺≀㉁⛣ື ᮧ᭷㎿ 1, 2࣭ᑠ℈ ㈼ 3࣭ᮧ㔛 3࣭㛗㇂ᕝுኴ 3࣭➟ཎៅᖹ 3࣭┾㑓ே 3࣭ᕝ➃カ௦ 4 Mass Transfer Associated with Deformation in Shales from the Shimanto Belt in Tanegashima Island, Southwest Japan KITAMURA Yujin1, 2, KOHAMA Ken3, MURASATO Kou3, HASEGAWA Ryota3, KASAHARA Shimpei3, MANABE Kento3 and KAWABATA Kuniyo4 1: 㮵ඣᓥᏛᏛ㝔⌮ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉ 2: 㮵ඣᓥᏛᅜ㝿ᓥᕋᩍ⫱◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ 3: 㮵ඣᓥᏛ⌮Ꮫ㒊 4: 㮵ඣᓥᏛ⥲ྜ◊✲༤≀㤋 1: Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University 2: Research Center for the Pacific Islands, Kagoshima University 3: Faculty of Science, Kagoshima University 4: Kagoshima University Museum せ᪨ ᅄ༑ᖏࡣຍయᙧᡂࡸᆅ㟈Ⓨ⏕ࡢᆅ㉁ⓗ㊧ࢆከࡃໟྵࡍࡿࡇࡽࠊᾏὒࣉ࣮ࣞࢺࡢỿࡳ㎸ࡳ క࠺ࣉ࣮ࣞࢺቃ⏺ࡢㅖ⌧㇟ࢆ⌮ゎࡍࡿ㘽࡞ࡿࠋࣉ࣮ࣞࢺቃ⏺ࡢືⓗ⌧㇟ࢆᛕ㢌⨨࠸ࡓຍయ◊✲ࡣ ༡ᾏࢺࣛࣇἢᓊ࡛⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ⌰⌫ᾏ⁁ἢ࠸࡛ࡣࡲࡔ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ✀Ꮚᓥ࠾࠸࡚ࠊ ᆅ㉁ㄪᰝᏛ⤌ᡂศᯒࡽᒾ▼ࡢኚᙧࢆᐃ㔞ࡋࠊࡇࡢᆅᇦࡢຍయᙧᡂྐࢆ㆟ㄽࡍࡿࢆ┠ⓗࡍࡿࠋ ㄪᰝࡢ⤖ᯝࠊẚ㍑ⓗ㧗 ࡉࡽࡉࢀࡓᛮࢃࢀࡿ✀Ꮚᓥࡢ㡫ᒾࡣᅽຊ⁐ゎࡀⓎ㐩ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊỿࡳ㎸ࡳ ࡼࡿᇙἐ࡛࡞ࡃࠊ῝ᡂᒾయࡢୖ᪼ࡼࡿ⇕ⓗᙳ㡪ࢆᙉࡃཷࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋ ࡣࡌࡵ ᅄ༑ᖏࡣす༡᪥ᮏࡢኴᖹὒഃศᕸࡍࡿⓑள⣖ࡽ᪂➨୕⣖ᙧᡂࡉࢀࡓຍయࡤ ࢀࡿᆅ㉁య࡛࠶ࡿࠋຍయࡣࠊᾏὒࣉ࣮ࣞࢺࡀ㝣ࣉ࣮ࣞࢺࡢୗỿࡳ㎸ࡴ㝿ࠊᾏὒࣉ ࣮ࣞࢺୖࡢሁ✚≀ࡀࡣࡂྲྀࡽࢀ࡚㝣ഃຍࡋ࡚ᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿᆅ㉁య࡛࠶ࡾࠊ≉す༡᪥ᮏ ࡣ㝣ഃࡽኴᖹὒഃࡅ࡚㡰᪂ࡋࡃ࡞ࡿࡼ࠺ຍయࡀศᕸࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ᪥ᮏิᓥ㏆ ࡛ࡣຍయࡀࣉ࣮ࣞࢺቃ⏺ࡢୖ┙ࢆ࡞ࡋࠊࡑࡢᗏ㒊ࡢࣉ࣮ࣞࢺቃ⏺࡛ᾏ⁁ᆺᕧᆅ㟈ࡀⓎ⏕ ࡍࡿࠋ⌧ᅾᙧᡂ୰ࡢຍయࡣ༡ᾏࢺࣛࣇࡢἢࡗࡓᾏᗏศᕸࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᾏὒ᥀๐࡞ࡢ᪉ἲ ࡛ᆅ㟈◊✲ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᅄ༑ᖏࡣ㝣ୖᗈࡃศᕸࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡽࠊ⌧ᅾࡢࣉ࣮ࣞࢺ ቃ⏺⌧㇟ࢆゎࡁ᫂ࡍࡓࡵࡢ㘽ࡋ࡚㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ KITAMURA Yujin, KOHAMA Ken, MURASATO Kou, HASEGAWA Ryota, KASAHARA Shinpei, MANABE Kento and KAWABATA Kuniyo ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣỿࡳ㎸ࡴࣉ࣮ࣞࢺቃ⏺࠾ࡅࡿᒾ▼ࡢኚᙧࢆᆅ⌫Ꮫⓗᐃ㔞ࡋࠊኚᙧࡶ ≀㉁⛣ືࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࠋ≉✀Ꮚᓥᆅᇦࢆᑐ㇟ࡍࡿ࡛ࠊ⌰⌫ᾏ⁁ᇦ࡛ࡢࣉ࣮ࣞࢺ ቃ⏺⌧㇟ࡘ࠸࡚㆟ㄽࡍࡿࡇࢆ┠ⓗࡍࡿࠋ ᆅ㉁ᴫㄝ ຍస⏝ࡣ 2 ✀㢮࠶ࡾࠊὸ࠸ᡤ࡛ᾏὒࣉ࣮ࣞࢺୖࡢሁ✚≀ࡀ㝣ࣉ࣮ࣞࢺࡼࡗ࡚ࡂ ྲྀࡽࢀࡿࠕࡂྲྀࡾຍࠖࠊẚ㍑ⓗ῝࠸ᡤ࡛㝣ࡢୗຍࡍࡿࠕᗏࡅຍࠖࡤࢀ ࡿࠋࡂྲྀࡾຍ࣭ᗏࡅຍࡍࡿ㝿ࡣࠊᆅᒙࡀ᩿ᒙ࡛ษࢀ࡚ຍࡍࡿࠋࡂྲྀࡾຍࡢ ሙྜࡣẚ㍑ⓗὸ࠸ሙᡤ࡛㉳ࡇࡾࠊᆅᒙ㸦ሁ✚≀㸧ࡶẚ㍑ⓗᰂࡽ࠸ࡢ࡛᩿ᒙ࡛ษࢀ࡚ࡶࡁ ࡞ᆅ㟈ࡣ㉳ࡇࡉ࡞࠸ࠋ୍᪉ࠊᗏ࡙ࡅຍࡣࣉ࣮ࣞࢺቃ⏺᩿ᒙࡢᒅ᭤కࡗ࡚㉳ࡇࡿ⪃࠼ࡽ ࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᾏ⁁ᆺᕧᆅ㟈ᐦ᥋࡞㛵㐃ࡀ࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦KITAMURA et al. 2005, KITAMURA and KIMURA 2012㸧 ࠋᗏࡅຍࡉࢀࡓᆅ㉁యࡣ㠀ᖖᙉࡃኚᙧࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࢸࢡࢺࢽ ࢵࢡ࣓ࣛࣥࢪࣗࡤࢀࡿ୍✀ࡢ᩿ᒙᒾ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᅄ༑ᖏࡣࡂྲྀࡾຍࡉࢀࡓᆅ ㉁యᗏࡅຍࡉࢀࡓᆅ㉁య 㸦ࢸࢡࢺࢽࢵࢡ࣓ࣛࣥࢪࣗ㸧 ࡀࢧࣥࢻࢵࢳ≧ ศ ᕸࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ᅄᅜࡢᅄ༑ᖏ࠾ࡅࡿࢸࢡࢺࢽࢵࢡ࣓ࣛࣥࢪࣗࡢ◊✲ࡢ⤖ᯝࠊࡇࡢ࣓ࣛࣥࢪࣗࡣࣉ࣮ࣞ ࢺቃ⏺ࡢ᩿ᒙኚᙧᖏࡑࡢࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦KITAMURA et al. 2005㸧 ࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࡑࡢ ࣓ࣛࣥࢪࣗࡢ᭱ୖ㒊≉ኚᙧࡀ㞟୰ࡋࡓ᩿ᒙࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡇࡽᆅ㟈ࡢ▼ࡤࢀࡿᆅ㟈 ࡢᦶ᧿⇕࡛⁐⼥ࡋࡓᒾ▼࡛࠶ࡿࢩ࣮ࣗࢻࢱ࢟ࣛࢺࡀⓎぢࡉࢀࡓࠋࡇࡢࡇࡽࠊࡇࡢ ᩿ᒙࡣ㐣ཤᾏ⁁ᆺᕧᆅ㟈ࢆ㉳ࡇࡋࡓ⤖ㄽ࡙ࡅࡽࢀࡓࠋ ㏆ᖺࡢ◊✲࡛ࠊࢸࢡࢺࢽࢵࢡ࣓ࣛࣥࢪࣗ⮬యࡀつᶍ࡞ࣉ࣮ࣞࢺቃ⏺᩿ᒙᖏ࡛ࠊほ ࡼࡗ࡚᭱㏆᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࡺࡗࡃࡾᆅ㟈㸦ࢫ࣮ࣟᆅ㟈㸧ࢆ㉳ࡇࡋࡓྍ⬟ᛶࡀᣦࡉࢀ࡚ ࠸ࡿ㸦KITAMURA and KIMURA 2012㸧 ࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺ࠊᅄ༑ᖏࡢᒾ▼ࡣᕧᆅ㟈ࡸᚤᑠ࡞ᆅ㟈ࢆ ㉳ࡇࡍࣉ࣮ࣞࢺቃ⏺ࡢጼࢆ㠀ᖖ≧ែࡼࡃಖᏑࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ㝮ㅖᓥ࡛ࡢㄪ ᰝࡣ⌰⌫ᾏ⁁ᇦ࡛ࡢᆅ㟈ࡸຍయᙧᡂ㛵ࡍࡿ♧၀ࢆ࠶ࡓ࠼ࡿࡶࡢᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿࠋ ✀Ꮚᓥࡢᆅ㉁ࡣࠊᇶ┙࡞ࡿ⇃ẟᒙ⩌ࡤࢀࡿ◁ᒾࠊ㡫ᒾࡢᒙࢆᩚྜⱼ㛗ᒙ⩌ཬ ࡧቑ⏣ᒙࠊ㛗㇂ᒙࠊ➉அᕝᒙࡀそࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦✀ᏊᓥᆅᏛྠዲ 1984㸧 ࠋ⇃ẟᒙ⩌ࡣ㛛ᓮᒙࠊ ❧▼ᒙࠊすஅ⾲ᒙࡽ࡞ࡾࠊሁ✚ᖺ௦ࡣྂ➨୕⣖ጞ᪂ୡࡉࢀࡿࠋ⦓ᐦ࡞ᒾ▼࡛ࠊⲴ㔜ࡸ ࡞ࡢሁ✚ᵓ㐀ࡀࡼࡃࡳࡽࢀࠊ᩿ᒙࠊ〩᭤ࡀⓎ㐩ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋⱼ㛗ᒙ⩌ࡣ⏣௦ᒙࠊἙෆᒙࠊ ᓮᒙࡽ࡞ࡾࠊሁ✚ᖺ௦ࡣ୰᪂ୡ๓ᮇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᓥࡢ༡ᮾ㒊ศᕸࡋࠊᒙཌࡀῶᑡࡍ ࡿࠋቑ⏣ᒙࠊ㛗㇂ᒙࠊ➉அᕝᒙࡣ⪅ࢆᩚྜそ࠺➨ᅄ⣖ࡢሁ✚≀࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ㄪᰝ᪉ἲ ✀Ꮚᓥ࠾ࡅࡿᆅ㉁ㄪᰝࢆ 2014 ᖺ 1 ᭶ 23 ᪥㹼25 ᪥ࡢ᪥⛬࡛ᐇࡋࡓࠋᓥෆᇦࡢᆅ㉁ࡢ 㟢ฟ≧ἣࢆ☜ㄆࡋࠊ Ἶ㉁࡞ᒾ▼ࡀ࠶ࡿሙᡤ࡛ࡣヨᩱ᥇ྲྀࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ ヨᩱࡣ 4 ࢝ᡤ࡛᥇ྲྀࡋࡓࠋ Mass Transfer Associated with Deformation in Shales from the Shimanto Belt in Tanegashima Island, Southwest Japan ヨᩱࡣᩚᙧࡋࢫࣛࢻ࢞ࣛࢫ᥋╔ࡋࡓࡢࡕࠊ⣙ 30ȣm ࡢཌࡉࡲ࡛◊☻ࡋ࡚㢧ᚤ㙾ほᐹ⏝ ࡢᒾ▼ⷧ∦ࢆసᡂࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࢆ㢧ᚤ㙾ୗ࡛ほᐹࡍࡿ࡛㖔≀ࡸኚᙧࡢグ㍕ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊᚋ㏙ࡢ ᅽຊ⁐ゎࢩ࣮࣒ࡢほᐹࢆ⾜࠺ࠋ ヨᩱࡢ୍㒊ࡣ⢊ᮎࡋࡓࡢࡕ⺯ග X ⥺ศᯒࢆ⾜࠸ࠊせඖ⣲ࡢ㔞ẚࢆ ᐃࡍࡿࠋᅽຊ⁐ゎ ࢩ࣮࣒ඖ⣲⤌ᡂࡽୗグࡢࢯࢥࣥἲࢆ⏝࠸࡚య✚ኚࢆホ౯ࡍࡿࠋࡑࡢయ✚ኚࡀ ᒾ▼ࡢᅽᐦࡼࡿኚᙧᐦ᥋㛵ಀࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊᆅ㉁ሗ࠶ࢃࡏ࡚✀Ꮚᓥ࠾ࡅࡿຍ యᙧᡂྐࢆ㆟ㄽࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ ࢯࢥࣥἲ ᒾ▼ࡢኚᙧࢆᏛ⤌ᡂࢹ࣮ࢱࢆඖయ✚ኚࡋ࡚᥎ᐃࡍࡿᡭἲࢆࢯࢥࣥἲࡪࠋ GRESENS㸦1967㸧ࡼࡗ࡚ᥦࡉࢀࠊGRANT㸦1986㸧ࡼࡗ࡚☜❧ࡉࢀࡓࠋᅄ༑ᖏ࠾࠸ ࡚ࡣ KAWABATA et al.㸦2007㸧ࡀ㐺⏝ࡋࠊᆅ㉁యࡢ⿕⇕ ᗘᅽຊ⁐ゎࡢⓎ㐩ᗘ┦㛵ࡀ࠶ࡿ ࡇࢆぢ࠸ࡔࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊᗏࡅࡋࡓᛮࢃࢀࡿࢸࢡࢺࢽࢵࢡ࣓ࣛࣥࢪࣗࡣ ᗘୖ᪼ࡼࡗ ࡚ᅽຊ⁐ゎࡢⓎ㐩ࡀᙉࡃಁ㐍ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡶ♧ࡉࢀࡓࠋ ᅽຊ⁐ゎࡣࠊᒾ▼ࡀᙉ࠸እຊࢆཷࡅࡓࡁࠊྵࡲࢀࡿ㖔≀ྠኈࡢ᥋ࡍࡿ㒊ศ㐣࡞ ᛂຊࡀࡾࠊ⁐ฟࡋᣑᩓࡋࡓࡢࡕ㞳ࢀࡓሙᡤỿẊࡍࡿ⌧㇟࡛࠶ࡿࠋᒾ▼ⷧ∦ࡢ㙾ୗほᐹ ࡛ࡣࡋࡤࡋࡤ㯮࠸➽≧ࡢᅽຊ⁐ゎࢩ࣮࣒ࡋ࡚ほᐹࡉࢀࡿࠋ ⤖ᯝ ᆅ㉁ㄪᰝ୰ 14 ᆅⅬ࡛㟢㢌ࢆ☜ㄆࡋ୍㒊࡛ヨᩱ᥇ྲྀࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ ྛᆅⅬ࡛ࡢᴫせࢆḟ♧ࡍࠋ Stop 1 すஅ⾲ᕷఫྜྷ㏆ࠋ⇃ẟᒙ⩌すஅ⾲ᒙࡢ◁Ἶᒙࠋྛᒙࡣ⣙㸯cm ⛬ᗘࠋヨᩱࢆ᥇ྲྀ ࡋࡓ㸦ヨᩱ␒ྕ TNG201501㸧 ࠋ Stop 2 すஅ⾲ᕷఫྜྷ㏆ࠋ⇃ẟᒙ⩌すஅ⾲ᒙ୰ࡢ◁ᒾࡢࡇࡿࠋཌ࠸◁ᒾࡢ㟢㢌࡛ ࠶ࡿࡀࠊ㐨㊰ࢆᣳࢇ࡛ᾏᐇഃࡣἾᒾ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ Stop 3 すஅ⾲ᕷ῝ᕝ㏆ࠋ⇃ẟᒙ⩌すஅ⾲ᒙࡢ◁ᒾࠋⲴ㔜ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓࠋ Stop 4 すஅ⾲ᕷ∾ᕝ㏆ࠋ⇃ẟᒙ⩌すஅ⾲ᒙࡢ◁ᒾඃໃ◁Ἶᒙࠋ◁ᒾᒙ⣙ 4㹼5 cmࠊἾᒾ ᒙ⣙ 1 cm ⛬ᗘࠋヨᩱࢆ᥇ྲྀࡋࡓ㸦ヨᩱ␒ྕ TNG201502㸧 ࠋ Stop 5 ୰✀Ꮚ⏫Ლ₲㏆ࠋ⇃ẟᒙ⩌❧▼ᒙࡢἾᒾඃໃ◁ἾᒙࠋἾ㉁㒊ࡣኚᙧࡋࠊᙅኚᡂ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋヨᩱࢆ᥇ྲྀࡋࡓ㸦ヨᩱ␒ྕ TNG201503㸧 ࠋ Stop 6 ༡✀Ꮚ⏫ୖ❧▼㏆ࠋ⇃ẟᒙ⩌❧▼ᒙࡢ◁Ἶᒙࠋᯖ≧⁐ᒾࡢ┳ᯈㄆࡵࡿࡶࠊ㟢㢌 ࢆ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡎࠋ Stop 7 ༡✀Ꮚ⏫㛛ᓁࠋ⇃ẟᒙ⩌㛛ᓮᒙࡢከⰍ㡫ᒾࢆྵࡴ◁ᒾ㡫ᒾᒙࠋ Stop 8 ༡✀Ꮚ⏫⏣௦㏆ࠋⱼ㛗ᒙ⩌⏣௦ᒙࠋ⏣௦▼㟢㢌ࠋ㩭᪂ୡࡢከ✀ࡢ㈅▼ࢆྵࡴ ㌿▼ᵝࡢ㟢㢌ࢆ☜ㄆࠋ⢒⢏ࠥᴟ⢒⢏◁ᒾࠋ Stop 9 ༡✀Ꮚ⏫ୗ୰ᾏᓊࠋⱼ㛗ᒙ⩌Ἑෆᒙࡢ♟ᒾࠥ◁ᒾࠋ♟ᒾᩳⴥ⌮ࢆㄆࡵࡓࠋ KITAMURA Yujin, KOHAMA Ken, MURASATO Kou, HASEGAWA Ryota, KASAHARA Shinpei, MANABE Kento and KAWABATA Kuniyo Stop 10 ༡✀Ꮚ⏫➉ᓮ㏆ࠋⱼ㛗ᒙ⩌ᓮᒙࠋ㐨㊰ษࡾ㏻ࡋࡢ㟢㢌ࠋ㔜ᶵࡼࡿ᧿ἢࡗ ࡚⻏ࡢᕢ≧㢼ࡀ㐍⾜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᛮࢃࢀࡿ⏘≧ࢆㄆࡵࡓࠋ Stop 11 ༡✀Ꮚ⏫⏣㏆ࠋ༓ᗙࡢᒾᒇࠋⱼ㛗ᒙ⩌ᓮᒙⓎ㐩ࡋࡓᾏ㣗Ὕࠋ Stop 12 ୰✀Ꮚ⏫≟ᇛᾏᓊࠋ㤿❧ࡢᒾᒇࠋⱼ㛗ᒙ⩌ᓮᒙⓎ㐩ࡋࡓᾏ㣗Ὕࠋ Stop 13 すஅ⾲ᕷ႐ᚿ㮵ᓮࠋ⇃ẟᒙ⩌すஅ⾲ᒙࡢሢ≧◁ᒾࠋࢱ࣐ࢿࢠ≧㢼ࠊ⻏ࡢᕢ≧㢼 ࡀⓎ㐩ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᾏᓊẁୣୖࡣἾ㉁ᒾࡢ㟢ฟ᭷ࡾࠋ Stop 14 すஅ⾲ᕷୖྂ⏣㏆ࠋ⇃ẟᒙ⩌すஅ⾲ᒙࡢ◁Ἶᒙࠋ㡫ᒾᵝ࡛㯮Ⰽ⦓ᐦ࡞ᒾ▼ 㛤ࡀⓎ㐩ࠋ◁Ἶྛᒙࡣᩘ m ࡽᩘ༑ m ࡢཌࡉࢆᣢࡘࠋヨᩱࢆ᥇ྲྀࡋࡓ㸦ヨᩱ␒ྕ TNG201504㸧 ࠋ ᥇ྲྀࡋࡓヨᩱࡢᒾ▼ⷧ∦ࢆసᡂࡋほᐹࡋࡓࡇࢁࠊྛヨᩱࡣ○ᒌ≀ࡽࡽ࡞ࡾࠊ▼ⱥࡸ ᒾ∦ࡀ༟㉺ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᡤࠎ㯮࠸➽≧ࡢᵓ㐀ࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࠊᅽຊ⁐ゎࢩ࣮࣒ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ ࡲࡵ ✀Ꮚᓥ࡛ࡢᆅ㉁ㄪᰝࡼࡾࠊᅄ༑ᖏࢆᵓᡂࡍࡿせ࡞㒊ศࡀ◁Ἶᒙ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡀ☜ㄆ ࡉࢀࡓࠋἾ㉁㒊ࡣᙅኚᡂࢆཷࡅ࡚࠸ࡿᛮࢃࢀࠊ⦓ᐦ࡛㛤ࡀⓎ㐩ࡋࡓ㡫ᒾࡪࡁ⏘≧ ࡢࡶࡢࡀከࡃㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓࠋ㝣ୖ㟢ฟࡍࡿᅄ༑ᖏࡋ࡚ࡣᾏ⁁ᐤࡾ⨨ࡍࡿࡶ㛵ࢃࡽ ࡎኚᡂᗘࡀ㧗࠸ࡢࡣࠊỿࡳ㎸ࡳక࠺ᇙἐࡼࡾࡶูࡢ⇕ⓗせᅉࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋᒇஂᓥ㈏ධ ࡋࡓ῝ᡂᒾయࡀࡑࡢ୍ᅉ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ⇕ⓗᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅࡓࡇࡼࡾᅽຊ⁐ゎࡢⓎ㐩ࡶಁ㐍 ࡋࡓ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࠊᚋᏛ⤌ᡂศᯒࡼࡗ࡚య✚ኚࡀᐃ㔞ࡉࢀࢀࡤ✀Ꮚᓥᆅᇦࡢᅄ༑ᖏ ࡢᆅྐඖࡢ୍ຓ࡞ࡿ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ ᘬ⏝ᩥ⊩ GRANT, J. A. 1986. The Isocon Diagram; A Simple Solution to Gresens’s Equation for Metasomatic Alteration. Economic Geology, 81(8): 1976-1982. GRESENS, R. 1967. Composition-Volume Relationships of Metasomatism. Chemical Geology, 2: 47-65. KAWABATA, K., TANAKA, H. and KIMURA, G. 2007. Mass Transfer and Pressure Solution in Deformed Shale of Accretionary Complex: Examples from the Shimanto Belt, Southwestern Japan. Journal of Structural Geology, 29: 697-711. KITAMURA, Y. and KIMURA, G. 2012. Dynamic Role of Tectonic Mélange during Interseismic Process of Plate Boundary Mega Earthquakes. Tectonophysics, 568-569: 39-52. KITAMURA, Y., SATO, K., IKESAWA, E., IKEHARA-OHMORI, K., KIMURA, G., KONDO, H., UJIIE, K., ONISHI, C. T., KAWABATA, K., HASHIMOTO, Y., MUKOYOSHI, H. and MASAGO, H. 2005. Mélange and Its Seismogenic Roof Décollement: A Plate Boundary Fault Rock in the Subduction Zone—An Example from the Shimanto Belt, Japan. Tectonics, 24(5): TC5012. ✀ᏊᓥᆅᏛྠዲ⦅ 1984㸬✀Ꮚᓥࡢᆅ㉁㸪124 㡫㸪すஅᓥᕷᩍ⫱ጤဨ㸪㮵ඣᓥ㸬 南太平洋海域調査研究報告 No.56（2015年3月） OCCASIONAL PAPERS No.56（March 2015） ㏆ୡ✀Ꮚᓥ࠾ࡅࡿẼೃኚື బ⸨ᏹஅ Climate Change in Tanegashima Island of the Early Modern Period SATO Hiroyuki 㮵ඣᓥᏛᩍ⫱Ꮫ㒊 Faculty of Education, Kagoshima University せ᪨ ᮏ◊✲ࡣࠊ16 ୡ⣖ࡽ 19 ୡ⣖༙ࡤࡢࠕᑠịᮇࠖࡤࢀࡿୡ⏺ⓗᐮ෭ࡉࢀࡓᮇࠊ✀Ꮚᓥ ࠾࠸࡚ࡢࡼ࠺࡞Ẽೃኚືࡸ⅏ᐖࡀⓎ⏕ࡋࠊࡑࢀ࠸♫ࡀᑐᛂࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡢࠊ ࠗ✀Ꮚᓥᐙ㆕࠘ ࢆࡶ࠶ࡁࡽࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ᮏ◊✲࡛⏝࠸ࡓࠗ✀Ꮚᓥᐙ㆕࠘ࡣࠊ✀Ꮚᓥᐙࡼࡗ࡚Ụᡞ௦ࡽ᫂௦ࡅ࡚ ⦅⧩ࡉࢀࡓྠᐙࡢṔ௦⣔㆕ࠊᖺ㆕࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㏆ୡ⸃ᦶ⸬ୖኈ࣭⚾㡿ࡓࡿྠᐙࡢ⣔ᅗࠊ Ṕ௦ࡈࡢ⦅ᖺグࠊࡑࢀᩥ᭩ࠊྐᩱࡀᤄධ࣭グ㍕ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿⅬ≉ᚩࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ⌧ᅾࠊ ࠗ㮵ඣᓥ┴ྐᩱ ᪧグ㞧㘓ᣠ㑇࠘ࡢࠕᐙࢃࡅ 4࣭8࣭9ࠖ 㸦1993 ᖺ࣭1999 ᖺ࣭2001 ᖺ㸧 ⩻้ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊྠ᭩ࡼࡾẼೃኚືࡸ⅏ᐖࠊ࠾ࡼࡧࡑࢀࡢ♫ⓗᑐᛂ㛵ࡍࡿグࢆ ᢳฟࡋࡓ㸦࡞࠾ࠊࡇࡢసᴗࡘ࠸࡚ࡣෆᒣᡂẶࡢ༠ຊࢆᚓࡓ㸧 ࠋ 16 ୡ⣖ࡽ 19 ୡ⣖༙ࡤࡲ࡛ࡢ࠾ࡼࡑ 300 ᖺ㛫ࡣࠊୡ⏺ⓗᐮ෭࡞ࠕᑠịᮇࠖࡤ ࢀࠊ ᬮᮇᐮ෭ᮇࡀ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡉࢀࡿ௦࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸦⾲ 1㸧 ࠋ ⾲ 1 ᪥ᮏࡢᑠịᮇࡢᮇ༊ศ ᮇ ➨1ᑠịᮇ ➨1ᑠ㛫ịᮇ ᑠ ị ᮇ ➨2ᑠịᮇ ➨2ᑠ㛫ịᮇ ➨3ᑠịᮇ ᮇ 1 1' 2-1 2-2 2' 3-1 3-2 3-3 すᬺ 1610-1650 1650-1690 1690-1740 1690-1720 1720-1740 1780-1820 㠀ᖖᐮ෭ ᐮ෭ ᬮ ᐮ෭ 1820-1850 1850-1880 㠀ᖖᐮ෭ ᐮ෭ 1740-1780 1780-1880 Ẽೃ 㠀ᖖᐮ෭ ᬮ ὀ㸸๓ᓥ㑳㞝࣭⏣ୖၿኵࠕ୰ୡ࣭㏆ୡ࠾ࡅࡿẼೃኚື⅏ᐖࠖ ࠗᆅ⌮࠘27㸦12㸧㸦ྂ᭩㝔ࠊ1982ᖺ㸧ࡼࡾసᡂ SATO Hiroyuki ࡑࡇࡽࡳࡽࢀࡿ✀ᏊᓥࡢẼೃኚື⅏ᐖࡢ≉ᚩࢆࠊ࠸ࡃࡘᣲࡆ࡚ࡳࡼ࠺ࠋ ձ 1'ᮇ㸦 ᬮᮇ㸧 㸸ඖ⚘ඖᖺ㸦1688㸧8 ᭶ 18 ᪥ࠊ⤊᪥ྎ㢼ぢ⯙ࢃࢀࠊ₻Ỉࡀ࠸ ⁄ࢀฟࡍࠋࡇࡢྎ㢼ࡣࠕඵ༑ᖺ᮶ᮍ᭯᭷࡛ࠖ࠶ࡾࠊᾏ㎶ࡢேᐙࡣ⁻ὶࡋࠊಽᐙ 849 ㌺ࠊᩢ∵㤿 170 㢌ࠊ◚⯪ᑠ 22 ⯺ࠊ✐ 749 ▼వࡾࡢ⿕ᐖࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡇࡀグࡉࢀ࡚ ࠸ࡿࠋࡉࡽྠᖺࠊ᪭㨧ࡶぢ⯙ࢃࢀࠊࠕ✐⇍࡛ࠖ㣚㤡࡞ࡗࡓࠋ⏕ࡢ➉ࢆ 㣗࡚㸦 ࠕዴ⡿ࠖ 㸧㣚࠼ࢆࡋࡢ࠸ࡔࡀࠊࡑࡢ➉ࡶᯤࢀ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓ࠶ࡿࠋ ղ 2-1 ᮇ㸦㠀ᖖᐮ෭ᮇ㸧 ࠊ2-2 ᮇ㸦ᐮ෭ᮇ㸧 㸸ඖ⚘ 4 ᖺ㸦1691㸧7 ᭶ 17 ᪥ࠊᆏᮧ࣭ ⌧ᮧ࣭Ᏻ⣡ᮧ࡛㞿ࡀ㝆ࡿࠋྠ 7 ᖺ 11 ᭶ 26㹼29 ᪥ࡣ㮵ඣᓥᇛୗ࡛㞷࡞ࡾࠊ ᒇୖ⣙ 78 ࠊᆅୖ⣙ 50 ࠊᒣ㔝⣙ 90 ࡢ✚㞷ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊඖ⚘ 6ࠊ9ࠊ14ࠊ15 㸦2 ᅇ㸧 ࠊ16 ᖺࠊᐆỌ 4㸦1707㸧 㸦2 ᅇ㸧 ࠊ6 ᖺࠊṇᚨඖᖺ㸦1711㸧 㸦2 ᅇ㸧 ࠊாಖ 13㸦1728㸧 ࠊ 14㸦3 ᅇ㸧 ࠊඖᩥ 3 ᖺ㸦1738㸧ࠕ㢼ࠖ 㸦ྎ㢼㸧 ࠊ ࠕὥỈࠖぢ⯙ࢃࢀࠊᐙᒇ࣭⏣ᆅࡀ ᦆቯࠊඖ⚘ 14 ᖺࡣᓥ୰㣚㤡ࠊᐆỌ 4 ᖺࡣ᪭㨧⼄ࠊṇᚨ 4 ᖺ 5㹼7 ᭶ࡅ ࡚᪭㨧ࠊாಖ 17 ᖺ⼄ࡼࡿ⿕ᐖ࡛ࠕ✐⇍ࠖࡢ≧ែ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ ճ 2'ᮇ㸦 ᬮᮇ㸧 㸸ࡇࡢᮇࡣࠊྎ㢼ࠊ㞵ࠊὥỈࡼࡿ⿕ᐖࡶከ࠸ࡀࠊࡢᮇẚ ࡚ࠕ㞶㸦㞵ஒ࠸㸧 ࠖࡢグ㏙ࡀከࡃࡳࡽࢀࡿࠋᘏா 3 ᖺ㸦1746㸧6 ᭶ࠊྠ 4 ᖺ 6ࠊ7 ᭶ࠊ ᐶᘏඖᖺ㸦1748㸧6 ᭶ࠊᐆᬺඖᖺ㸦1751㸧6 ᭶ࠊྠ 7 ᖺ 6ࠊ7 ᭶ࠊྠ 10 ᖺ 3ࠊ4 ᭶ࠊ ྠ 12 ᖺ 5 ᭶ࠊ᫂ 8 ᖺ㸦1771㸧3 ᭶ࠊᏳỌ 7 ᖺ㸦1778㸧2ࠊ5 ᭶ࠊኳ᫂ඖᖺ㸦1781㸧 3ࠊ5 ᭶ࠊ㬞ዪᕝࡸ୰ᔱࠊᮏ※ᑎ࠾࠸࡚㞵ஒ࠸ࡀᇳࡾ⾜ࢃࢀࡓࠋࡇࡢᮇࡀ෭ኟ ᬬኟࡀ 2㹼3 ᖺࡢ࿘ᮇ࡛⧞ࡾ㏉ࡉࢀࡿẼೃኚືࡢࡁ࡞⎔ቃࡉࡽࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓᮇ ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࠸࠺ࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡼ࠺ࠋ մ 3-1 ᮇ㸦ᐮ෭ᮇ㸧 㸸ࡇࡢᮇࠊ࠸ࢃࡺࡿỤᡞᅄ㣚㤡ࡢ୍ࡘࠊኳ᫂ࡢ㣚㤡㸦ኳ᫂ 2 㹼7 ᖺ㸧ࡀᮾᆅ᪉ࢆ୰ᚰⓎ⏕ࡍࡿࠋ✀Ꮚᓥ࡛ࡣྎ㢼ࡸ㞵࣭ὥỈࡼࡿᐙᒇࡢಽ ቯࠊ⏣⏿ࡢᦆቯࡀࡳࡽࢀࠊᓥ୰㣚㤡≧ែ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋᩆ࠸⡿ࡋ࡚⮬ᅜ࣭ᅜࡼࡾ⡿ ࢆ㈙࠸ධࢀࡿࡓࡵࠊᆏࡼࡾ㖟ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡋࡋࠊ㏉῭ࡢぢ㎸ࡳࡀ࡞࠸ࡓࡵࠊ ᚚ⏝ᮌ௨እࡢᮌ㸦ᯇ࡞㸧ࢆ㈙ࡋࡓࡁ᪨ࢆ㢪࠸ฟ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡼࡾࡶ⿕ᐖࡀࡁ ࡗࡓࡢࡀࠊᩥඖ㸦1804㸧 ࠊ2 ᖺⓎ⏕ࡋࡓ㣚㤡࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢ㣚㤡ࡣྎ㢼⼄ ࡼࡿปస࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࢀຍ࠼ࠕࠖࡼࡗ࡚ከࡃࡢே∵㤿ࡢࡀዣࢃࢀࡓࠋ ✀ᏊᓥẶࡣࠊ⸃ᦶ⸬ᑐࡋࠊῶචࡢ⏦ㄳࠊ⡿ 1,000 ▼ࠊ✀Ꮚ⢄ 1,000 ಥ࡞ࡢᩆ῭ ࢆ㢪࠸ฟ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢᚋࠊᩥ 8㹼15 ᖺࡶྎ㢼ὥỈࡼࡿ㣚㤡ࡀⓎ⏕ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ յ 3-2 ᮇ㸦㠀ᖖᐮ෭ᮇ㸧 㸸ࡇࡢᮇࠊኳಖࡢ㣚㤡㸦ኳಖ 4㹙1833㹛㹼10 ᖺ㸧ࡀᮾ ᆅ᪉ࢆ୰ᚰᅜⓗⓎ⏕ࡍࡿࠋ✀Ꮚᓥ࡛ࡣࠊࡑࢀඛ❧ࡘᩥᨻ 7㸦1824㸧㹼ኳಖ 2 ᖺࡅ࡚ྎ㢼࣭㞵࣭ὥỈ࣭⼄ࡼࡿปᖺ࡞ࡿࠋኳಖ 3 ᖺ᪭㨧ࠊྠ 4 ᖺ ྎ㢼࣭ὥỈࠊྠ 5 ᖺ⼄ࠊྠ 6 ᖺྎ㢼࣭₻Ỉ࣭᪭㨧ࠊྠ 7 ᖺྎ㢼࣭①⑈ࠊ ྠ 8 ᖺྎ㢼࣭᪭㨧ࠊྠ 9 ᖺྎ㢼࣭⼄ࡀⓎ⏕ࡋปᖺ࡞ࡿࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊኳಖࡢ 㣚㤡ࡣࠊࡇࡢ✀Ꮚᓥ࠾࠸࡚ࡶぢࡽࢀࡓ࠸࠺ࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡋࡋࠊኳಖࡢ 㣚㤡ࡳࡽࢀࡓᐮ෭࣭㛗㞵࣭෭ኟ࠸࠺≉ᚩࢆぢ࠸ࡔࡍࡇࡣ࡛ࡁࡎࠊ᪭㨧࣭ ྎ㢼࣭ᐖࡼࡗ࡚ᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡉࢀࡓ㣚㤡࡛࠶ࡗࡓ≉ᚩ࡙ࡅࡽࢀࡿࠋ 南太平洋海域調査研究報告 No.56（2015年3月） OCCASIONAL PAPERS No.56（March 2015） ࢺ࢝ࣛิᓥ࠾ࡅࡿ↓ேᓥ㸦ᶓᙜᓥ࣭⮩⺬ᓥ㸧ࡢ ⪃ྂᏛ㋃ᰝ ᪂㔛㈗அ Archaeological Survey on the Uninhabited Yokoatejima and Gajyajima Islands, the Tokara Islands, Kagoshima SHINZATO Takayuki 㮵ඣᓥᏛᇙⶶᩥ㈈ㄪᰝࢭࣥࢱ࣮ Research Center for Archaeology, Kagoshima University せ᪨ ࢺ࢝ࣛิᓥ 12 ᓥࡢ࠺ࡕࠊ⪃ྂᏛㄪᰝࡢᐇࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ 2 ࡘࡢ↓ேᓥࠊᶓᙜᓥ⮩⺬ᓥࡢศᕸ ㄪᰝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᶓᙜᓥࡣ᭷ྐ௨᮶ࠊ↓ேᓥࡉࢀࡿⅆᒣᓥ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ⮩⺬ᓥࡣᩥ⊩グ㘓ୖࠊ୰ୡ ࡣᒃఫࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࠊ1970 ᖺ௨㝆↓ே࡞ࡗࡓᓥ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㋃ᰝࡢ⤖ᯝࠊᶓᙜᓥ࡛ࡣ࠸ࢃࡺࡿࠗ༡ᓥ 㞧ヰ࠘ࡢグ㍕㏻ࡾࠊἈ⦖ஂ㧗ᓥே⨾ࡢ⁺Ẹࡀᣢࡕࡇࢇࡔᛮࢃࢀࡿ 19 ୡ⣖௦ࡢἈ⦖ናᒇ❔⏘ Ⲩ↝ࡢ◚∦ࡀ 2 ಶయศ☜ㄆࡉࢀࠊ⮩⺬ᓥ࡛ࡣྂ௦ࡽ㏆ୡཬࡪᅵჾ࣭ᅵᖌჾࡸᚨஅᓥ⏘࣒࢝ ࣖ࢟ࠊ୰ᅜ㱟Ἠ❔⣔㟷☢ࠊ⫧๓☢ჾࡸ⸃ᦶ↝࠾ࡼࡧ୰ᅜΎᮅ☢ჾ࡞ࢆ࡞ࡾࡢᩘ㔞࡛ㄆࡵࡿࡇ ࡀ࡛ࡁࠊ⮩⺬ᓥࡢṔྐࡀ᫂ࡽᩥ⊩௨๓ࡢ௦ࡉࡢࡰࡿࡇࢆᐇドࡋࡓࠋ ࡣࡌࡵ ᅜ㝿ᓥᕋᩍ⫱◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮࡛ࡣࠊᖹᡂ 26 ᖺᗘࡢㄪᰝᆅᇦࡋ࡚㝮ㅖᓥࢆᑕ⛬ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ➹⪅ࡣㅖ⯡ࡢࡽࠊࡑࡢ༡㞄⨨ࡍࡿࢺ࢝ࣛิᓥࡢ↓ேᓥࠊᶓᙜ ᓥࠊ⮩⺬ᓥࡢ⪃ྂᏛⓗศᕸㄪᰝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋΏᓥ㝿ࡋ࡚ࡣ༡すᓥᘼᆅ㟈ⅆᒣほ ᡤࡢ 㠃ⓗ࡞ࡈ༠ຊࢆᚓ࡚ᐇࡋࡓࠋ ࢺ࢝ࣛิᓥࡢ࡞࡛ࡶࢇ⪃ྂᏛⓗሗࡢ࡞࠸ᶓᙜᓥࠊ⮩⺬ᓥ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊᶓᙜ ᓥࡣ᭷ྐ௨᮶↓ேᓥ࡛࠶ࡿࡉࢀࡿࡶࡢࡢࠊỤᡞᮇࡢᖥᗓ⤮ᅗ࡛ࡶⅆᒣᓥࡋ࡚ࡢ Ꮡᅾࡣㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᖥᮎࡣࠊྡ㉺ᕥ※ኴࡢ࠸ࢃࡺࡿࠗ༡ᓥ㞧ヰ࠘ 㸦1881 ᖺ㹼1885 ᖺࡢグ㘓㸧࠾࠸࡚ࠊἈ⦖ஂ㧗ᓥேࡸ⨾ࡢ⁺Ẹࡀ⁺ᧄάື࡛ゼࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ ࡀグ㍕ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ྡ㉺㹙ᅜศ࣭ᜨⰋᰯὀ㹛 1984a, 1984b㸧 ࠋ 10 SHINZATO Takayuki ࠸ࡗࡱ࠺⮩⺬ᓥࡣࠊᓥὠࡢ༑ᓥᆅ㢌⫋ࡢㆡࡸᩱᡤ࡞ࡢ᭩≧㸦1436 ᖺ㸧ࡸ✀Ꮚ ᓥᐙࡢୖ⣡ရ┠㸦ᮌ⥥࣭㫎⠇࣭ᑠᱩ㸧ࡢ᪥グ㸦1513 ᖺ㸧ࡼࡗ࡚ᨭ㓄⪅ᒙࡢ㛵ಀ ࡛▱ࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡿ㸦༑ᓥᮧㄅ⦅㞟ጤဨ 1995㸧 ࠋࡲࡓࠊ1450 ᖺᮅ㩭ேࡀ⮩⺬ ᓥ⁻╔ࡋࠊᓥ 30 వᡞࡢఫᒃࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡇࡀṇྐࠗᮅ㩭⋤ᮅᐇ㘓࠘ࡽ❚࠼ࡿࠋ 1471 ᖺ㑅㞟ࡢࠗᾏᮾㅖᅜ⣖࠘ 㸦⏦㹙⏣୰ヂὀ㹛 1991㸧ࡢᆅᅗࡶᥥࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ1970 ᖺ 7 ᭶ᮎࡣᓥẸဨࡀᆅᇦ⛣ఫࡋࠊ᭷ேᓥࡋ࡚ࡢṔྐࡢᖥࢆ㛢ࡌࡓࠋ ㄪᰝ⤖ᯝ ᶓᙜᓥ࡛ࡣࠊᮾᓠ㯄࠶ࡿ 2 ⟠ᡤࡢᆺⅆᒣᙎࡢ㏆㞄࡛ࠊἈ⦖ናᒇ❔⏘Ⲩ↝㸦ࣛ ࣖࢳ㸧◚∦ࢆ᥇㞟ࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡓ㸦ᅗ 1㸧 ࠋ⥲ィ 5 ಶ࡛ࠊ࠾ࡑࡽࡃ 2 ಶయศࡢ◚∦࡛ ࠶ࡿࠋჾ✀ࡣᆺ㸦ཱྀᚄ 15㹼17cmࠊჾ㧗 60㹼70cmࠊᗏᚄ 20㹼30cm㸧ࡢኑ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ ⏎┦ᙜࡍࡿࠋ↝ᡂ࣭ჾ㠃ㄪᩚࠊჾⰍ࡞ࡽุ᩿ࡋ࡚ࠊ19 ୡ⣖௦ࡢⲨ↝࡛࠶ࡿࠋ 㑇≀㔞ࡣᴟࡵ࡚ᑡ࡞࠸ࡀࠊษࡾ❧ࡗࡓᓴࡢୖ㒊⨨ࡍࡿࡢ࡛㸦ᶆ㧗⣙ 25㹼30m㸧 ࠊ ᫂ࡽேࡀΏᓥࡋ࡚ᣢࡕ㎸ࢇࡔࡇࡣ᫂ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ⮩⺬ᓥࡣࠊᶆ㧗⣙ 50m ࡢษࡾ❧ࡗࡓᓴୖ㞟ⴠ㊧ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿ㸦ᅗ 2㸧 ࠋ1970 ᖺ ࡲ࡛ேࡀఫࢇ࡛࠸ࡓࡇࡶ࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊ㏆ୡ㹼⌧௦ࡢ㑇≀ࡀࠊ㞟ⴠ㊧ᇦࢃࡓࡗ࡚ศᕸ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ≉Ụᡞ௦௨㝆ࡢỈ⏎ࠊჯ⏎ࠊ↝㓅⏎ࡢ㢮㸦ናᒇ↝࣭⸃ᦶ↝࣭◲㓟⎼㸧 ࡀᙧရࡢࡲࡲࠊᅵ㛫㊧ࡸఫᒃ⬥ᶓࡓࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ୰ୡࡢ㑇≀ࡶ㏆ୡ௨㝆ࡢ㑇≀ ẚࡿ࡞ࡾᩘࡣῶࡿࡀࠊࡸࡣࡾྠࡌࡼ࠺࡞ศᕸ≧ἣ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ 㞟ⴠࡣ⦆࠸ഴᩳᆅࢆẁࠎษࡾࠊ㐀ᡂࡋ࡚ᖹᆠᆅࢆࡘࡃࡾࡔࡋࠊࡑࡢୖఫᒃࢆ ᘓ࡚࡚࠸ࡓࡳࡽࢀࡿࠋ㞟ⴠ㊧ዟ㒊ࡶࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ษࡾ㏻ࡋࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ ࡀࠊࡑࡇᖜ 50cm ࡢⰋዲṧࡿ㑇≀ໟྵᒙࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ᩿㠃࡛☜ ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿ㑇≀ࡣࠊᅵჾࡸᅵᖌ㉁ࡢ↝≀ࡢࡳ࡛࠶ࡿࠋཱྀ⦕㒊ࡀ࡞ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊࡑࡢᮇࢆ ᅗ 1 ᶓᙜᓥ ᅗ 2 ⮩⺬ᓥ 11 Archaeological Survey on the Uninhabited Yokoatejima and Gajyajima Islands, the Tokara Islands, Kagoshima ุ᩿ࡍࡿࡢࡣ㞴ࡋ࠸ࡀࠊྂ௦௨๓ࡢྍ⬟ᛶࡀ㧗࠸ࠋ㞟ⴠ㊧࡛᥇㞟࡛ࡁࡓ㑇≀ࡢ✀㢮ࡣࠊ ᅵჾ࣭ᅵᖌჾ㸦ඛྐ௦㹼ྂ௦㸧 ࠊᚨஅᓥ⏘࣒࢝ࣖ࢟㸦11㹼13 ୡ⣖๓༙㸧 ࠊ୰ᅜ❳Ἠ ❔⣔㟷☢㸦12㹼15 ୡ⣖㸧 ࠊ⫧๓☢ჾ㸦17㹼19 ୡ⣖㸧 ࠊ⸃ᦶ↝㸦17㹼19 ୡ⣖㸧 ࠊናᒇ⏘Ⲩ ↝㸦17㹼19 ୡ⣖㸧 ࠊ୰ᅜΎᮅ☢ჾ㸦18㹼19 ୡ⣖㸧࡞࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢ࠺ࡕ◚∦࡛☜ ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿࡶࡢࡢ༙ࡣࠊ1970 ᖺࡲ࡛⾜ࢃࢀࡓᖹᆠᆅࢆࡘࡃࡿࡓࡵࡢഴᩳᆅ๐ᖹࡢ㝿 ᥀ࡾฟࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢࠊࡳ࡞ࡋ࡚࠾ࡃ࠺ࡀጇᙜ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ ⪃ᐹ ᶓᙜᓥࡣỈࡀࢇ࡞࠸ࠋ2 ಶయࡢἈ⦖ናᒇ❔⏘Ⲩ↝ࡣ 19 ୡ⣖௦ࡢࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ 19 ୡ⣖ᚋ༙ᮇࡢグ㘓࡛࠶ࡿࠗ༡ᓥ㞧ヰ࠘ࡢᶓᙜᓥࡢ㡯┠ࡼࢀࡤࠊ࢚ࣛࣈ࣑࢘࣊ࣅࡸ 㨶㢮ࢆ᥇ࡾ᮶ࡓἈ⦖ஂ㧗ᓥேࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ⨾ࡽ㈅᥇ࡾ᮶ࡓ⨾ேࡢ⁺Ẹ ࡼࡗ࡚ࡶࡓࡽࡉࢀࡓ⪃࠼ࡿ࠺ࡀጇᙜ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋྠࡌࡁࡉࡢኑࡢᙧရࡀ 17kg ࠶ࡾࠊỈࢆ࠸ࡗࡥ࠸ධࢀࡿ⥲ィ 60kg ࢆ㉸࠼ࡿ㔜㔞࡞ࡾࠊࡲࡓࠊ᥋ᓊ㒊ࡽᓴ ࢆࡼࡌⓏࡽ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡓࡵࠊỈࢆከ㔞ධࢀ࡚ᣢࡕ㎸ࡴࡢࡣᴟࡵ࡚ᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡇࢀࡽࡢࡇࡽࠊ⁺ᧄάືࢆ┠ⓗࡋࡓ୍ᐃᒃఫక࠺ኳỈ⁀ࡵࡢࡓࡵࠊᣢࡕ㎸ࡲ ࢀࡓࡶࡢ⌮ゎࡉࢀࡿࠋ ⮩⺬ᓥ࠾ࡅࡿ୰ୡ㹼㏆ୡࡢ㑇≀ࡣࠊ௦ⓗ࡞㑇≀㔞ࡢከᐻࡣ࠶ࡿࡶࡢࡢࠊ㞳ᓥ ࡢ㞟ⴠ㊧ᇦศᕸࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᩥ⊩ୖࡢグ㘓ྜ⮴ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋࡋࠊ㞟ⴠዟ㒊ࡢ๐ ᖹษࡾ㏻ࡋ᩿㠃ࡣࠊࡼࡾྂ࠸ᅵჾ࣭ᅵᖌჾ㢮ࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࠊ⮩⺬ᓥࡢ᭷ே ᓥࡋ࡚ࡢṔྐࢆࠊᩥ⊩グ㘓ࡼࡾࡶࠊᑡ࡞ࡃࡶ୍㝵Დྂࡃぢ✚ࡶࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡇ ࡀุ᫂ࡋࡓࠋ ࠾ࢃࡾ ᅇࡢㄪᰝࡣࠊ୍ᓥ 5㹼6 㛫⛬ᗘࡢศᕸㄪᰝ୍ᅇ㝈ࡾࡢᡂᯝ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢㄪᰝࡣ ᮍࡔ⥴ᑵ࠸ࡓࡤࡾ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ≉⮩⺬ᓥ࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊᅇࡢ㑇≀ໟྵᒙࡢⓎぢࡔࡅ ࡛࡞ࡃࠊ㐣ཤࡣᘺ⏕ᅵჾࡀ᥇㞟ࡉࢀࡓࡶ࠸ࢃࢀ㸦୕ 1954㸧 ࠊẁ࣮࣎ࣝ࠸ࡗࡥ ࠸ࡢ▼᩼ࡀ᥀ࡾฟࡉࢀࡓ࠸࠺ヰࡶṧࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸦✄ᇉ 1978㸧 ࠊ࡛ࡣࡑࡢᡤᅾ ࡣ᫂࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊᚋࡢ㋃ᰝࡸⓎ᥀ㄪᰝࡼࡿࢹ࣮ࢱࡢ✚ࡳ㔜ࡡࢆ ᚲせࡍࡿࠋ⥅⥆ㄪᰝࢆᐇࡋࠊࡑࡢヲ⣽ࢆ᫂ࡽࡋ࡚࠸ࡁࡓ࠸ࠋ ᭱ᚋ࡞ࡾࡲࡍࡀࠊΏᓥࡢ౽ࢆࡗ࡚ୗࡉࡗࡓ༡すᓥᘼᆅ㟈ⅆᒣほ ᡤࡢඵᮌཎᐶ Ặ࠾ࡼࡧ࠾ㄏ࠸࠸ࡓࡔ࠸ࡓᅜ㝿ᓥᕋᩍ⫱◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㛗ᔱಇẶᚰࡼࡾ࠾♩⏦ࡋ ୖࡆࡲࡍࠋ 12 SHINZATO Takayuki ᘬ⏝ᩥ⊩ ✄ᇉᑦ 1978㸬ᒣ⨺Ⱎ㓅㸸ࢼ࢜ࢺࣔࡢࢺ࢝ࣛ㸪228 㡫㸪ᮍ᮶♫㸪ᮾி㸬 ༑ᓥᮧㄅ⦅㞟ጤဨ⦅ 1995㸬༑ᓥᮧㄅ㸪1758 㡫㸪༑ᓥᮧ㸪㮵ඣᓥ㸬 ྡ㉺ᕥ※ኴ㸦ᅜศ┤୍࣭ᜨⰋᏹᰯὀ㸧 1984a㸬༡ᓥ㞧ヰ 1㸸ᖥᮎ⨾Ẹㄅ㸪209 㡫㸪 ᖹซ♫㸪ᮾி㸬 ྡ㉺ᕥ※ኴ㸦ᅜศ┤୍࣭ᜨⰋᏹᰯὀ㸧 1984b㸬༡ᓥ㞧ヰ 2㸸ᖥᮎ⨾Ẹㄅ㸪243 㡫㸪 ᖹซ♫㸪ᮾி㸬 ୕ᅜ㑻 ⏦ 1954㸬ࢺ࢝ࣛิᓥㄅ㸬ᇸ⋢Ꮫ⣖せேᩥ࣭♫⛉Ꮫ⠍㸪3㸸156-179㸬 ུ⯚㸦⏣୰ኵヂὀ㸧 1991㸬ᾏᮾㅖᅜ⣖㸪440 㡫㸪ᒾἼ᭩ᗑ㸪ᮾி㸬 13 南太平洋海域調査研究報告 No.56（2015年3月） OCCASIONAL PAPERS No.56（March 2015） 㝮ㅖᓥෆ㞟ⴠࡢேཱྀ࣭♫ኚື 㸫㛤ᣅ࣭⛣ఫ࣭ᾘ⁛࣭᪂⏕࣭ᩥ⯆㸫 㛗ᔱಇ Social Changes and Demographical Structure of the Villages in the Osumi Islands: Reclamation, Emigration, Extinction, Creation and Cultural Renaissance NAGASHIMA Shunsuke 㮵ඣᓥᏛᅜ㝿ᓥᕋᩍ⫱◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ Research Center for the Pacific Islands, Kagoshima University せ᪨ 㝮 4 ᓥෆ㞟ⴠኚືࢆࠊேཱྀࢹ࣮ࢱ࣭Ṕྐ┬ᐹ࣭⌧ᆅ⪺ࡁྲྀࡾ࡛㏣㊧ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢᡂᯝຍ࠼ࠊ ᒇஂᓥ࡛ࡣᗫᮧᚋࡢ᪂ఫẸࡀᒎ㛤ࡋࡓᩥ⎔ቃάືࠊ✀Ꮚᓥ࡛ࡣ⏋ᓥࢺࢩࢻࣥࡢ⛣ఫඛ⥅ᢎά ⤒⦋ࠊཱྀỌⰋ㒊ᓥ࡛ࡣṔྐ㈨ᩱసࡾࡢ᪂ࡓ࡞ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳᨭ⤌⧊ࠊ㤿ẟᓥ࡛ࡣ᭷ேᓥⓏ㘓ᚋࡢ ┤㏆ࢹ࣮ࢱࡘ࠸࡚ࡲࡵࡓࠋ ᓥᕋேཱྀືែࡢᖹ㠃ⓗᕪ␗✵㛫 ᆅᇦேཱྀࡢືែ㸦3 ḟඖ㸧ࢆࠊᖹ㠃㸦2 ḟඖ㸧ศᕸ࡛ᤊ࠼ࡿࠊࡇࢀᴟ➃࡛ ከᵝᛶࡢぢࡽࢀࡿᆅᇦࡣ⛥࡛࠶ࡿࠋṔྐᛶ࣭ᆅ⌮ᛶ࣭⛣ఫཷධ⎔ቃ࣭⅏ᐖ࣭ᩥ ⥅ᢎ࣭ᩥ㐀➼㛵ࡍࡿ≉␗࡞✵㛫ᛶࢆྛ㞟ⴠᓥᕋࡀᢪ࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ᒇஂᓥ ᅜࡢ㞳ᓥྠᵝ㧗༞ᚋ㐍Ꮫ࣭ᑵ⫋ࡼࡿ♫ῶࡀ≌ᘬࡍࡿ㛗ᮇேཱྀῶᑡഴྥࡀ㢧 ⴭ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋႠᯘ⨫ᘬᥭᚋࡢᑠᮡ㇂ࡣᗫᮧࠋ୍‖ ࡢᒣ㛫㒊㞟ⴠⓑᕝᒣ㸦ࡋࡽࡇࡸࡲ㸧 14 NAGASHIMA Shunsuke ᆅ༊ࡶႠᯘ⨫ᘬᥭᚋࠊேཱྀῶࢆ⤒㦂ࡍࡿࡀࠊ㛤ᣅ⪅ධ᳜ࡀධࡿࠋࡑࡢᚋἙᕝỏ℃ᅵ▼ ὶ࡛ᗫᮧ࡞ࡗࡓࡀࠊࣄࢵࣆ࣮ⓗேᮦࡀධ᳜ࡋࠊᩥⓎಙ࣭⎔ቃάືᣐⅬࡍࡿࠋᙼ ࡽࡶ㛵ࢃࡗࡓ᳃ᯘಖㆤάືᡂᯝࡶ࠶ࡾࠊ1993 ᖺࡢࣘࢿࢫࢥୡ⏺⮬↛㑇⏘Ⓩ㘓ࡀ࡞ࡉࢀ ࡿࠋࡑࡢ௨㝆 I ࢱ࣮ࣥཷධ㸦Ẹᐟ࣭࢞ࢻ࣭⮬↛ឡዲᐙ࣭ࣥࢸࣜ㸧 ࠊU ࢱ࣮ࣥ⪅ ᪂つᴗᒎ㛤㸦Ẹᐟ࣭࢞ࢻ࣭ᅵ⏘≀ᒇ㸧ࠊほගᴗ࣭㏻ಙᩍ⫱ࢫࢡ࣮ࣜࣥࢢᴗ᪂つཧ ධ➼࡛ࠊᏳᐃഴྥࡀጞࡲࡾ 20 ᖺ㏆ࡃ⥆࠸࡚࠸ࡿࠋᓥෆᚠ⎔㐨ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࡏ࠸ࡶ ࠶ࡾࠊࡲࡓᒣ㛫㒊ഃᾏᓊ㒊ഃࡢ㠃✚ⓗࡺࡾࡶ࠶ࡾࠊᓥෆࡰᆒ➼࡛ࠊ≉ᐃ㞟ⴠ࣭ ᆅᇦࡢࡳࡀⴠࡕ㎸ࡴ࠸࠺⌧㇟ࡶ࡞࠸ࠋ➨୍ḟ I ࢱ࣮ࣥୡ௦ࡀᓥẸ࢞ࢻ⫱ᡂྲྀࡾ ⤌ࢇ࡛࠾ࡾࠊࡑࢀࡀேཱྀῶࢆ㣗࠸Ṇࡵ࡚ࡶ࠸ࡿ࡞ࡢࠊᅜⓗࡶᕼ᭷࡞ᒎ㛤ࡀ⥆࠸ ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᏳᐃࡢ୰࡛ࡶ୰ᚰᆅす㒊ᯘ㐨ഃࡢ༡୧ᆅᇦ࡛ேཱྀࡀῶࡾࠊ༡࣭ᮾ㒊࡛ቑ ࠼࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ⮬↛ὴᚿྥⓗ࡞♫ᙧᡂ▩┪ࡋ࡞࠸ࠋ ཱྀỌⰋ㒊ᓥ ᖥᮎᮇ༙ᖺవࡾࡢ▷ᮇ㛫ࠊⱥᅜᐦ㈠᫆ᇶᆅ࡛࠶ࡾࠊᡓᚋ⾜ᨻศ㞳௦ࡶቃ⏺᫆ᇶ ᆅࡋ࡚≉ู࡞ሙᡤ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ◲㯤⏘ᆅ࣭᫂ᮇཬࡧᡓᚋධ᳜ᆅࡋ࡚ேཱྀᨭᣢຊࡶ 㧗ࡃࠊ㞟ⴠࡣ 20 ㏆ࡃୖࡾࠊ1,500 ேࡶ㐩ࡋࡓࠋ࢞ࢪࣗࢶ⏕⏘ࡶ࠶ࡾࠊᒇஂᓥᒓᓥ ࡋ࡚ࡢᆅᇦ᱁ᕪ‶ࡀ㧗ࡲࡾࠊศᮧ㐠ືࡶ୍Ⓨ⏕ࠋ◲㯤⏘ᴗ⾶㏥࣭ⅆᒣᄇⅆ ࢆዎᶵࡋ࡚ࠊேཱྀῶᑡࡣຍ㏿ࡋ࡚ࠊ ࡢ 1 ࠋᒃఫᆅࡣࡰ 2 ᆅ༊㝈ᐃࠋ ࡦࡻ࠺ࡓࢇᓥ㸦ᒣᾏ㸧␃Ꮫ࡛ࠊᑠ୰ᏛᏑ⥆ࢆᅗࡿࠋ㧗㱋⪅Ꮫᰯ࡛ࡢ㒓ᅵ㈨ᩱ㞟ᒎ♧ タࡀࠊᜏᖖタࡋ࡚ࠊᆅᇦࡢ♫ᩍ⫱ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࡋ࡚ᶵ⬟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋⱝ⪅ࡢ⯆ ࠊࡑࢀࢆᨭ࠼ࡿࠕᏊᏞ௦ࠎࡢཱྀỌⰋ㒊ᓥࢆክぢࡿࠖᖺᐤ⤌ࡀࠊ㐺ⓗᒎ㛤㸦㝈⏺㞟 ⴠࡣ┿㏫㸧ࡢṑ㌴ࡋ࡚ᘔࡾጞࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᏛྡᩍᤵ➼ࡀᒃఫࡋࠊእ㒊Ꮫ㛵ಀ ⪅ࡶ㛵ࢃࡗࡓࠊ≉␗࡞ᆅᇦ⯆ࡀጞࡲࡾࡘࡘ࠶ࡿࠋ2007 ᖺᅜ❧බᅬ⤌㎸ࡲࢀࡓࡀࠊ ᪧᮧⴠ࣭Ṕྐ࣭ⅆᒣ࣭㔛⏕ά➼ࡢ᪂࢞ࢻไࡶᶍ⣴୰࡛࠶ࡿࠋ 㤿ẟᓥ ᅜⓗࡶᩘወ࡞ேཱྀኚືࢆ⤒㦂ࡋࡓᓥ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ✀Ꮚᓥụ⏣࣭ᕞஅᓮ࣭ሹ㸦࠶ࡲ㸧 ἩఫẸࡢ≉ᶒⓗ⁺ᴗᶒ㸦ࢺࣅ࢘࢜➼ 1763 ᖺ㸧ࡢᏘ⠇ᐃఫᆅࠋ᫂ึᮇኈ᪘ࡢ∵㣫⫱ ᆅࠊ1881 ᖺᅜႠ⦉⨺㣫⫱ሙࠊᡓᚋධ᳜ 80 ᡞࠊ〇⢾ᕤሙࠊᾏ㐨ࡽࡢ㓗㎰⛣ఫࡶཷ ࡅධࢀࡓࠋ㤿ẟ㮵㣗ᐖ࣭᪭㨧࣭㢼ᐖ➼࡛ 358 ே࠸ࡓேཱྀࡣᛴῶࢆ⥆ࡅࡿࠋ1979 ᖺẸ㛫 㛤Ⓨᴗࡼࡿ⏝ᆅ㈙ࡀᮏ᱁ⓗጞࡲࡾ 1980 ᖺࡣ↓ேᓥࠋ1985 ᖺⴠ㞾ⅆ⅏㸦⩣ ᖺࣂࢵࢱࡢ␗ᖖⓎ⏕㸧 ࠋ2008 ᖺఫẸⓏ㘓ேཱྀ 6 ேࠊ09 ᖺ 4 ேࠊ10 ᖺ 4 ேࠊ11 ᖺ 3 ே ဨ⏨ᛶࡼࡾࠊࡧ᭷ேᓥᢅ࠸࡞ࡿࠋᅉࡳ 2005 ᖺᅜㄪேཱྀ 15 ே୰ዪᛶ 1 ே ဨᘓタᴗࠋ2010 ᖺᅜㄪேཱྀࡣ 11 ேဨ⏨ᛶ㸦ᘓタᴗ 10 ேࠊ〇㐀ᴗ 1 ேࠊဨ➨ 2 ḟ⏘ᴗࠊဨ 40 ṓ௨ୖࠊ⪔ᆅ 0㸧࡛࠶ࡿࠋ 15 Social Changes and Demographical Structure of the Villages in the Osumi Islands: Reclamation, Emigration, Extinction, Creation and Cultural Renaissance ✀Ꮚᓥ ᖹᡂྜే࡛ࡶ⇃ẟ㒆၏୍ࡢ」ᩘ⮬యᓥࠋ༡㒊Ᏹᐂ㛤Ⓨᴗᅋࡀᇶᆅࢆᵓ࠼ࠊ ᆅ᪉㈈ᨻࡢ≉␗ᵓ㐀ࡀࠊࡑࢀస⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢᓥࡢேཱྀῶᑡ⋡࣭ኚືࡣࠊ⮬య ู㸦2005 ᖺ㹼2010 ᖺᅜㄪࠊす⾲ᕷ 5.4%ῶࠊ୰✀Ꮚ⏫ 6.8%ῶࠊ༡✀Ꮚ⏫ 7.9%ῶ㸧 ࣭ 㞟ⴠ࣭ฟ㌟⪅㞟ᅋ࣭ᾏᓊ㒊ᒣ㛫㒊࣭⏘ᴗᵓ㐀ู➼࡛ከᵝ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⸬ᨻࠊ∾ࡢṔྐࠊ ⛣ఫཷධࡢṔྐࠊ⛣ఫ⪅㞟ᅋࡢ᥎⛣ࠊࡑࡢᩥ⥅ᢎࠊࡑࡢ⦅ᖺྐࡣ୍ⴭࢆせࡍࡿ ⯆῝࠸ᐇ࠶ࡩࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࣭᫂ṇᮇࡣ⛣ఫẸࢆཷࡅධࢀ⥆ࡅࠊேཱྀቑࡀ ⥆࠸ࡓࡀࠊ 30 ᖺ௦ࡽேཱྀࡣῶࡾ⥆ࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ᫂ᮇࡣ 17 ᖺᒣᕝࡽ 6 ᡞࠊ19 㹼20 ᖺ⏋ᓥࡽ 600 వᡞࠊ19 ᖺᆓὠࡽ 19 ᡞࠊ28 ᖺᚨஅᓥࡽᩘᡞࠊἈỌⰋ㒊ᓥ㸦ྎ 㢼࣭᪭㨧㸧㞟ᅋ⛣ఫࠋ30 ᖺ㤶ᕝࡽ 10 ᡞࠊศ࣭㟼ᒸࠋࡉࡽ႐⏺ᓥ࣭⨾ᓥ࣭ ㄽᓥ࣭Ἀ⦖࣭࣐ࣖࢺᮏᅵ➼➼ࠎ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ṇ 3 ᖺᱜᓥᄇⅆ࡛ 2,753 ே㸦ᱜ ᓥඖேཱྀࡢ 27%┦ᙜ㸧ࢆཷࡅධࢀࠊ2014 ᖺ⛣ఫ 100 ᖺ☃タ⨨ࠋ✀Ꮚᓥ୰ኸ㒊ࡢ༡ ㉮ࡿ⫼㦵ᆅ㸦ྎᆅ:ᪧ∾ሙ࣭᳃ᯘᆅ㸧ࡀࡓࡿᘬࡁཷࡅሙᡤ࡛ࠊ⏣⏿ᆅᖏⅬࠎ 㞟ⴠࡀసࡽࢀࡓࠋ᫂ึᮇࡢሙྜࡣ≉すஅ⾲㞟୰ࡋࠊ99 㞟ⴠ୰ 30 㞟ⴠࡀࡑࡢ ⛣ఫ㞟ⴠ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⏋ᓥ⛣ఫࡣྎ㢼㣹Ṛࡀゝࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊᐇࡣ୰ẘ➼ࡼࡿṚ⪅࡛ ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ᫂ᮇࡽᅜᗜ⿵ຓࡶ࠶ࡾேཱྀቑࡣᓥࡢⓎᒎ๓ྥࡁḼ㏄ࡉࢀࡓࠋᅵᆅࡢ వ⿱ࡶࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⏋ᓥࡽࡢ⛣ఫ㞟ⴠ࡛ࡣࢺࢩࢻࣥࡀ⥅ᢎࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㔝ᮌஅᖹ ࡣබẸ㤋ࠕࢺࢩࢻࣥࡢ㔛ࠖࢆᥖࡆ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᏊࡶࡶேࡶࣘࢿࢫࢥ↓ᙧᩥ㑇⏘ᣦ ᐃࢆ▱ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ⏋ᓥࡢὶពḧࡣ࠶ࡿࡀ⾜ࡗࡓࡇࡢ࠶ࡿேࡣ⛥࡛࠶ࡿࠋ100 ࿘ᖺ ࡛ࢺࢩࢻࣥάࢆ㐙ࡆࡓ㞟ⴠ㸦㠡ຬࡃࡽࡊࡳ㸧ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ㤶ᕝ࣭ศࡢΰఫ㞟ⴠࡔࡀࠊ ୗ⏋ᓥฟ㌟⪅㛵ࢃࡽࡎ 2014 ᖺᮎ࡛ࡶࡶ᪂ࡓ⇕ᚰ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡲࡵ࠼࡚ ✀Ꮚᓥࡢ⛣ఫྐ㛵ࡋ࡚ᆅඖグ㘓ࡣከ࠸ࡀࠊࡲࡔ⥲ᣓⓗ࡞ᅗ᭩ห⾜ࡲ࡛ࡣ⮳ࡗ ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋᆅඖ㧗ᰯ㒓ᅵ㒊ࡶྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࡀࠊ⯆῝ࡃព⩏῝࠸Ṕྐᒎ㛤࡛࠶ࡿࡢ ࡛ࠊ⤌⧊ⓗ࡛య⣔ⓗ࡞グ㘓ಖᏑࡀᮃࡲࢀࡿࠋཱྀஅỌⰋ㒊ࡣ⅏ᐖྐⓗᩚ⌮ࡢࠊቃ⏺ 㞳ᓥࡢᆺⓗ࡞⦅ᖺᣐⅬࡋ࡚ࡶ㔜せㄪᰝᆅ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᆅඖ㈨ᩱࡶᩚ࠸ࡘࡘ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊ ࣉࣟࡼࡿᨭࡀᚲせࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㤿ẟᓥࡣ㛤Ⓨࡀᴟᗘ㐍ࡳࠊ⏕ែ⣔グ㘓࣭㞟ⴠ ྐ࣭ᩍ⫱ྐ࣭⏘ᴗྐ࡞ࡢグ㘓ⓗಖᏑ༴ᶵ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢබⓗᡭᙜࡶྍḞ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ᒇஂᓥࡣἲᩥᏛ㒊᱓ཎ◊✲ᐊࡼࡿᑠᮡ㇂㞟ⴠ㛫ࡢ⛣ఫ⪅ㄪᰝࡀ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋⓑᕝ ᒣࣥࢸࣜ㞟ⴠࡢṔྐࡣᆅඖᒃఫ⪅ࡢ㛫࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶࠊᚲࡎࡋࡶṇ☜࡞グ㘓ࡀ࡞ࡉࢀ ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋᪧୖᒇஂ⏫࡛ࡣ㸦ᒇஂ⏫ࡣ␗࡞ࡾ㸧ᮧⴠ㒓ᅵㄅࡀḞⴠࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡽ ࡛ࡶࡑࡢᩚ⌮ಖᏑᥐ⨨ࡀᛴົ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ 17 南太平洋海域調査研究報告 No.56（2015年3月） OCCASIONAL PAPERS No.56（March 2015） ✀Ꮚᓥ࠾ࡅࡿᯝᶞ᱂ᇵ ᒣᮏ㞞ྐ Fruit Cultivation on Tanegashima Island YAMAMOTO Masashi 㮵ඣᓥᏛ㎰Ꮫ㒊 Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University せ᪨ ✀Ꮚᓥ࠾࠸࡚⤒῭᱂ᇵࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᯝᶞࡣࠊᖖ⥳ᯝᶞࡢᴟ᪩⏕࢘ࣥࢩࣗ࢘ࠊ࣏ࣥ࢝ࣥࠊࢱࣥ࢝ ࣥ࠾ࡼࡧࣅ࣡ࠊ࡞ࡽࡧ⇕ᖏᯝᶞࡢ࣐ࣥࢦ࣮࠾ࡼࡧࣃࢵࢩࣙࣥࣇ࣮ࣝࢶ࡛࠶ࡿࠋⴠⴥᯝᶞࡣ᱂ᇵ ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋᴟ᪩⏕࢘ࣥࢩࣗ࢘࠾ࡼࡧࣅ࣡ࡣすஅ⾲ᕷࠊ࣏ࣥ࢝ࣥࡣ༡✀Ꮚ⏫ࠊࢱࣥ࢝ࣥࠊ࣐ࣥ ࢦ࣮࠾ࡼࡧࣃࢵࢩࣙࣥࣇ࣮ࣝࢶࡢ᱂ᇵࡣ୰✀Ꮚ⏫࡛┒ࢇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡣ࠸ࡎࢀࡶᑟධᯝᶞ࡛ ࠶ࡿࠋᅾ᮶ᯝᶞࡢ✀㢮ࡣ㝈ࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࢇᯝᐇ⏕⏘ࡣ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡀࠊ୍㒊࡛ᅾ᮶࢝ࣥ ࢟ࢶࡢ͆ࢥࢬ͇ࢆ࢝ࣛࢱࢳྎࢱࣥ࢝ࣥࡢ᰿᥋ࡂ⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ㅖゝ ✀Ꮚᓥࡣ㮵ඣᓥ┴࡛ࡣ⨾ᓥࠊᒇஂᓥḟࡄ➨ 3 ࡢࡁࡉࡢ㞳ᓥ࡛ࠊ㠃✚ࡣ 444.99km2 ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ᭱㧗Ⅼࡢᶆ㧗ࡣ 282㹫పࡃᖹᆠ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢᆅᙧࡽ㎰ᆅᜨࡲ ࢀࡓ㎰ᴗࡢ┒ࢇ࡞ᓥ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᖺᖹᆒẼ ࡶ 19.6°C 㧗ࡃࠊࡑࡢ ᬮ࡞Ẽೃࢆ⏝ࡋ ࡚✀ࠎࡢ㎰స≀ࡀ᱂ᇵࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᇶᖿస≀ࡣࢧࢺ࢘࢟ࣅࠊࢧࢶ࣐ࣔࠊࢿ➼࡛ ࠶ࡾࠊᯝᶞࡀ㎰ᴗ⏕⏘༨ࡵࡿྜࡣ㧗ࡃ࡞࠸ࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊ✀Ꮚᓥࡢす⨨ࡍࡿᒇஂ ᓥࡣࡁࡃ␗࡞ࡿࠋࡋࡋࠊ㠃✚ࡣᗈࡃ࡞࠸ࡶࡢࡢ ᬮ࡞Ẽೃ㐺ࡋࡓᖖ⥳ᯝᶞࡸ ⇕ᖏᯝᶞࡢ᱂ᇵࡣࠊ✀Ꮚᓥࡢ㎰ᴗ⏕⏘୍ᐃࡢ⨨ࢆ༨ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏ✏࡛ࡣࠊࡑࢀࡽ ࡘ࠸࡚⤂ࡍࡿࠋ 18 YAMAMOTO Masashi ㄪᰝ᪉ἲ 2014 ᖺ 12 ᭶ 11 ᪥✀Ꮚᓥ࡛⌧ᆅㄪᰝࢆᐇࡋࡓࠋ୰✀Ꮚ⏫ࡢࢱࣥ࢝ࣥᅬ࠾ࡼࡧ ࣐ࣥࢦ࣮ᅬࠊ༡✀Ꮚ⏫ࡢ࣏ࣥ࢝ࣥᅬࢆ୰ᚰᯝᶞᅬࢆゼၥࡋ࡚᱂ᇵ≧ἣㄪᰝ࠾ࡼࡧ ⪺ࡁྲྀࡾㄪᰝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊᯝᶞ㢮ࡢ⏕⏘㠃✚ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣᯝᶞ⏕⏘⯆ᑐ⟇㈨ᩱ 㸦㮵ඣᓥ┴㎰ᨻ㒊㎰⏘ᅬⱁㄢ 2014㸧ᣐࡗࡓࠋ ⤖ᯝ࠾ࡼࡧ⪃ᐹ ✀Ꮚᓥ࠾࠸࡚⤒῭᱂ᇵࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᯝᶞࡣࠊᖖ⥳ᯝᶞࡢᴟ᪩⏕࢘ࣥࢩࣗ࢘ࠊ࣏ࣥ࢝ ࣥࠊࢱࣥ࢝ࣥ࠾ࡼࡧࣅ࣡ࠊ࡞ࡽࡧ⇕ᖏᯝᶞࡢ࣐ࣥࢦ࣮࠾ࡼࡧࣃࢵࢩࣙࣥࣇ࣮ࣝࢶ࡛ ࠶ࡿࠋⴠⴥᯝᶞࡣ᱂ᇵࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋᴟ᪩⏕࢘ࣥࢩࣗ࢘࠾ࡼࡧࣅ࣡ࡣすஅ⾲ᕷࠊ࣏ࣥ ࢝ࣥࡣ༡✀Ꮚ⏫ࠊࢱࣥ࢝ࣥࠊ࣐ࣥࢦ࣮࠾ࡼࡧࣃࢵࢩࣙࣥࣇ࣮ࣝࢶࡢ᱂ᇵࡣ୰✀Ꮚ⏫࡛ ┒ࢇ࡛࠶ࡿ㸦⾲ 1㸧 ࠋࡇࢀࡽࡣ࠸ࡎࢀࡶᑟධᯝᶞ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ࣏ࣥ࢝ࣥࡸࢱࣥ࢝ࣥࡣ 1960 ࠥ1970 ᖺ㡭ࡽࠊ࣐ࣥࢦ࣮ࡣ 2000 ᖺ㡭ࡽᮏ᱁ⓗ࡞⤒῭᱂ᇵࡀጞࡲࡗࡓࠋࢱࣥ࢝ࣥ ࡣᙜึ͂T132̓ࡀせရ✀࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊ⌧ᅾ࡛ࡣࢇࡀ͂ᆶỈ 1 ྕ࡛̓࠶ࡿࠋ ࣐ࣥࢦ࣮ࡣࢇࡀ࣮࡛͂࢘ࣥ̓࠶ࡾࠊ㉗⟅⏝ࡢᓥෆ㈍ࡀὶ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ᅾ᮶ᯝᶞࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ⌧ᆅ࠾ࡼࡧ⪺ࡁྲྀࡾㄪᰝ࡛ࡶࢇ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞ ࡗࡓࠋ50 ᖺ௨ୖ๓ࡣ͆ᕝ⏿࣑͇࢝ࣥࠊ͆㉥࣑͇࢝ࣥࠊ ͆ࣁࣂ࣑͇࢝ࣥࡀ᱂ᇵࡉࢀ࡚ ࠸ࡓࡢሗࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓࠋ๓ 2 ⪅ࡣᑡᩘ࡞ࡀࡽ⌧ᅾ࡛ࡶᆅᇦ࡛ࡣ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡇࡀ ࡛ࡁࡿ࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊᚋ⪅ࡀࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢ࡛᫂࠶ࡿࠋ၏୍ࠊ✀Ꮚᓥ࡛☜ㄆ ࡛ࡁࡓᅾ᮶࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶࡣ͆ࢥࢬ͇࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋᯝᐇࢆ⏝ࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊྎᮌࡋ࡚ࡢ ⏝ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓࠋ࢝ࣛࢱࢳྎࡢࢱࣥ࢝ࣥ͂ᆶỈ 1 ྕ̓ࡀ㮵ඣᓥ┴࠾ࡅࡿࢱࣥ࢝ࣥ ᱂ᇵࡢὶ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡇࡢ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏ࡛ࡣᏘ␗ᖖⴠⴥࡀⓎ⏕ࡋࠊࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊᶞໃ ࠾ࡼࡧ⤖ᐇᛶࡀపୗࡍࡿࡇࡀከ࠸㸦ᚋ⸨ࡽ 2004㸧ࠋࡇࡢၥ㢟ࡢゎỴࡢࡓࡵࠊ࢝ࣛ ࢱࢳྎࡢ᱂ᇵᶞࡢྎᮌ㒊ศ͆ࢥࢬ͇ᐇ⏕ࢆ᰿᥋ࡂࡍࡿࡇࡼࡗ࡚ࠊᶞໃ࠾ࡼࡧ ⤖ᐇࡢᅇࢆᅗࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ ⾲ 1 ✀Ꮚᓥ࠾ࡅࡿせᯝᶞࡢ⏕⏘㠃✚㸦ha㸧 㸦2012 ᖺᗘ㸧 ࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ ᕷ⏫ᮧ ᴟ᪩⏕ ࣏ࣥ࢝ࣥ ࢘ࣥࢩࣗ࢘ ࢱࣥ࢝ࣥ ࣅ࣡ ࣐ࣥࢦ࣮ ࣃࢵࢩࣙࣥ ࣇ࣮ࣝࢶ すஅ⾲ᕷ ୰✀Ꮚ⏫ 1.3 0.0 1.4 1.8 1.0 16.0 0.8 0.0 0.8 1.5 0.4 1.0 ༡✀Ꮚ⏫ 0.0 1.3 24.3 27.5 10.0 27.0 0.0 0.8 0.7 3.0 0.5 1.9 ィ 19 Fruit Cultivation on Tanegashima Island ゼၥ๓ࡢணഛㄪᰝ࡛ࡣ͆ࢥࢬ͇௨እ͆ࢩ࣐࣑͇࢝ࣥࡀᗞඛᯝᶞࡋ࡚᱂ᇵࡉࢀ࡚ ࠸ࡿࡢሗࢆᚓ࡚࠸ࡓࡀࠊ⌧ᆅㄪᰝ࡛ࡣࡃ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ͆ࢥࢬ͇࠾ࡼࡧ ͆ࢩ࣐࣑͇࢝ࣥࡣᒇஂᓥ࡛ࡣ☜ㄆࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ͆ࢥࢬ͇ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣከᵝᛶࡶㄆࡵࡽࢀ ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᚋࡣ✀Ꮚᓥࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊᒇஂᓥࡶྵࡵࡓ㝮ㅖᓥయ࡛ᅾ᮶࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶࡢ ศᕸࢆㄪᰝࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ ㅰ㎡ ⌧ᆅㄪᰝ࠾࠸࡚࠾ୡヰ࡞ࡗࡓ✀Ꮚᒇஂ㎰ᴗ༠ྠ⤌ྜࡢ㤿ሙ༤⾜ᵝࠊྂᕷ ⇃ẟᨭᗇ㎰ᨻᬑཬㄢࡢ∾ ຊᵝࠊ ㄔᵝឤㅰࡋࡲࡍࠋ ᘬ⏝ᩥ⊩ ᚋ⸨ ᚸ࣭ᕝᓥಇḟ࣭ᶫ⏣Ὀᫀ 2004㸬ࢱࣥ࢝ࣥࡢ␗ᖖⴠⴥⴥ୰ࡢᚤ㔞せ⣲ྵ㔞࠾ ࡼࡧᅵተࡢᏛᛶࡢ㛵ಀ㸬ᕞ㎰ᴗ◊✲㸪66㸸62㸬 㮵ඣᓥ┴㎰ᨻ㒊㎰⏘ᅬⱁㄢ 㡫㸪㮵ඣᓥ┴㸪㮵ඣᓥ㸬 2014㸬ᯝᶞ⏕⏘⯆ᑐ⟇㈨ᩱ㸦ᖹᡂ 24 ᖺ⏘ᐇ⦼㸧㸪76 21 南太平洋海域調査研究報告 No.56（2015年3月） OCCASIONAL PAPERS No.56（March 2015） 㝮ㅖᓥ࠾ࡅࡿ⸆⏝᳜≀ ᒣᮏ᐀❧ Medicinal Plants in the Osumi Islands YAMAMOTO Sota 㮵ඣᓥᏛᅜ㝿ᓥᕋᩍ⫱◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ Research Center for the Pacific Islands, Kagoshima University せ᪨ ᒇஂᓥ࠾ࡼࡧ✀Ꮚᓥ࠾ࡅࡿ⸆⏝᳜≀㛵ࡍࡿᩥ⊩ㄪᰝࢆ࠾ࡇ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࢤࣥࣀࢩࣙ࢘ࢥࠊࣚࣔࢠࠊࢶ࣡ ࣈ࢟ࠊࢻࢡࢲ࣑ࠊ࢞ࢪࣗࢶࠊࣀࣈࢻ࢘ࠊ࢝࢟ࠊ࢚ࣟࠊ࣐ࢡࣜࠊ࣍࢘ࢭࣥ࢝ࠊ᯿ᶲ㢮ࠊࢳࢻ࣓ࢢࢧࠊࢺ࢘ ࣔࣟࢥࢩࠊࣘ࢟ࣀࢩࢱ࡞ࡀ୧ᆅᇦ࠾࠸࡚ᖜᗈࡃ▱ࡽࢀࡿ⸆⏝᳜≀ࡔ࠸࠺ࡇࡀ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ࡣࡌࡵ ⸆⏝᳜≀ࡣఏ⤫▱ࡢ㞟⣙࡛࠶ࡿࡶࠊ㏆௦་⸆ࡋ࡚ࡢ₯ᅾⓗ࡞౯್ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ 㣕ࡧ▼≧⥆ࡃ㮵ඣᓥࡢ㞳ᓥ࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ⸆⏝᳜≀㛵ࡍࡿఏ⤫▱㐃⥆ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࡢࠊ ᅛ᭷ᛶࡀ㧗࠸ࡢࠊ㠀ᖖ⯆῝࠸ࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊ㝮ㅖᓥ࠾ࡅࡿ⸆⏝᳜≀㛵ࡍࡿᩥ⊩ㄪᰝ ࢆ࠾ࡇ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ᪉ἲ 㮵ඣᓥᏛ㝃ᒓᅗ᭩㤋ⶶࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ᭩⡠ࠊ≉✀Ꮚᓥ࠾ࡼࡧᒇஂᓥࡢẸ㛵ࡍࡿ ᭩⡠ࢆཧ↷ࡋࡓࠋ⸆⏝᳜≀ࡢሗࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓᩥ⊩ࡣࠗすஅ⾲ᕷⓒᖺྐ࠘ ࠊ ࠗ୰✀Ꮚ⏫㒓ᅵㄅ࠘ ࠊ ࠗቑ⏣ࡢẸㄅ ࠘ ࠊ ࠗࢃࡓࡋࡓࡕࡢ✀Ꮚᓥ Ẹ⦅࠘ ࠊ ࠗ༡✀Ꮚ⏫㒓ᅵㄅ࠘ ࠊ ࠗᒇஂ⏫㒓ᅵㄅ➨୍ ᕳ㹼➨୕ᕳ࠘ ࠊ ࠗᒇஂᓥ㯏⏕ࡢẸㄅ II࠘ ࠊ ࠗᒇஂ⏫ࡢẸ II࡛࠘࠶ࡿࠋ ࠗ✀ᏊᓥẸ 14㸪19࠘ ࠊ ࠗ༑␒㒓ᅵㄅ ࠘ ࠊ ࠗ⌧ࡢ㒓ᅵㄅ : ᫂ⓒᖺグᛕ࠘ ࠊ ࠗ༡✀ᏊࡢẸㄪᰝ࠘ ࠊ ࠗᒇஂ⏫ㄅ࠘ ࠊ ࠗୖᒇஂ⏫㒓ᅵㄅ࠘ ࠊ ࠗୖᒇஂࡢẸㄪᰝ࠘ࡽࡣሗࢆᚓࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ 22 YAMAMOTO Sota ⤖ᯝ࠾ࡼࡧ⪃ᐹ ✀Ꮚᓥ 3 ᆅᇦ㸦すஅ⾲ࠊ୰✀Ꮚࠊ༡✀Ꮚ㸧࠾ࡼࡧᒇஂᓥ 15 ᮧ㸦ᰩ⏕ࠊ୰㛫ࠊἩࠊᖹෆࠊ ᑠᓥࠊᑿஅ㛫ࠊཎࠊ㯏⏕ࠊ㧗ᖹࠊᖹ㔝ࠊ∾ࠊᏳᡣࠊᯇᓟࠊ⯪⾜ࠊỌஂಖ㸧࠾ࡅࡿ⸆⏝ ᳜≀ࡢሗࡀᚓࡽࢀࠊ100 ✀௨ୖࡢ᳜≀ࢆ⸆ࡋ࡚⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ⣬㠃ࡢ㒔ྜୖࠊࡍ࡚ࡢᆅᇦࡢ࠾࠸࡚ᖜᗈࡃ⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ᳜≀ࢆ⤂ࡍࡿࠋ 1. ࢤࣥࣀࢩࣙ࢘ࢥ㸦ࣇ࢘ࣟࢯ࢘⛉ࣇ࢘ࣟࢯ࢘ᒓ㸧 ⤒ཱྀ㸦㣧ࡴ㸧 㸸⫶③ࠊ⭡③ࠊ⫶⭠⸆ࠊୗ⑩ࠊ㉥⑩ࠊ౽⛎ࠊ㢼㑧⸆ࠊゎ⇕ࠊᾘ⅖⸆ࠊ 㧗⾑ᅽண㜵ࠊ෭࠼ᛶࠊ⾑ࡢ㐨ࠊ፬ேࠊ 2. ࣚࣔࢠ㸦࢟ࢡ⛉ࣚࣔࢠᒓ㸧 ࡘࡅࡿ㸸⾑Ṇࡵࠊษࡾയࠊࣄ࢚ࢾ࢟㸦⮋ฟࡋ㸧 ࠊ࣎ࠊṑࠊ⪥ᆶࢀ ⤒ཱྀ㸦㣧ࡴ㸧 㸸㢼㑧ࠊゎ⇕ࠊ⭡③ࠊ⫶⭠ࠊୗࡋࠊ༑ᣦ⭠ࠊ㧗⾑ᅽࠊ⚄⤒③ࠊ ⬚↝ࡅࠊ ⅍࡞㸸⭜③ࠊ࣒ࢡ࣑ࠊ⫪ࡇࡾࠊ㛵⠇㸦Ỉࡓࡲࡾ㸧 3. ࢜࢜ࣂࢥ㸦࢜࢜ࣂࢥ⛉࢜࢜ࣂࢥᒓ㸧 ࡘࡅࡿ㸸⭘ࢀ≀ࠊࣄ࢚ࢾ࢟㸦⮋ฟࡋ㸧 ࠊᡴࡕ㌟ ⤒ཱྀ㸦㣧ࡴ㸧 㸸㢼㑧ࠊတṆࡵࠊⓒ᪥တࠊႍᜥࠊ⭡③ࠊୗ⑩ࠊᚰ⮚ࠊ㧗⾑ᅽࠊᒀࠊ ゎẘࠊ፬ேࠊ⭤⬔⅖ࠊ┠ࡢ⾑ࠊ 4. ࢶ࣡ࣈ࢟㸦࢟ࢡ⛉ࢶ࣡ࣈ࢟ᒓ㸧 ࡘࡅࡿ㸸⭘ࢀ≀ࠊࣄ࢚ࢾ࢟㸦⮋ฟࡋ㸧 ࠊᡴ᧞ࠊษࡾയࠊⲡࡲࡅࠊ⻏ࡢࡉࡉࢀࠊ ⤒ཱྀ㸦㣧ࡴ㸧 㸸㨶ࡢ୰ẘࠊẘᾘࡋࠊ⭡③ࠊୗ⑩ࠊ⫶ࠊ㣗࠶ࡓࡾࠊ⚄⤒③ࠊ⬚↝ࡅ 5. ࢻࢡࢲ࣑㸦ࢻࢡࢲ࣑⛉ࢻࢡࢲ࣑ᒓ㸧 ࡘࡅࡿ㸸⭘ࢀ≀ࠊࣄ࢚ࢾ࢟㸦⮋ฟࡋ㸧 ࠊ࣎ࠊ⪥ᆶࢀࠊⲡࡲࡅ ⤒ཱྀ㸦㣧ࡴ㸧 㸸ẘᾘࡋࠊୗࡋࠊ③ࡳṆࡵࠊ⭡③ࠊ⮋ࠊᒀࠊ౽㏻ࠊ㧗⾑ᅽண㜵ࠊ 6. ࢞ࢪࣗࢶ㸦ࢩࣙ࢘࢞⛉࢘ࢥࣥᒓ㸧 ࡘࡅࡿ㸸ࣄ࢚ࢾ࢟㸦⮋ฟࡋ㸧 ࠊᡴࡕ㌟ࠊ ⤒ཱྀ㸦㣧ࡴ㸧 㸸⭡③ࠊ⇕ࡉࡲࡋࠊ⫶ࠊ⫶⭠ࠊୗ⑩ࠊ⬚↝ࡅࠊ⚄⤒③ 7. ࣀࣈࢻ࣭࣐࢘ࣖࣈࢻ࢘ࡢ㢮㸦ࣈࢻ࢘⛉㸧 ┠ࡢ⾑ࡸ┠ࢆࡘ࠸ࡓࡁ┠⸆ࡋ࡚㸦㸸࢝ࢬࣛࡢ⠇㛫༑ࢭࣥࢳࡄࡽ࠸ษࡾ ྲྀࡾࠊษࡾཱྀࢆ྿࠸࡚ฟࡿᾮࢆ║ࡢ୰࠸ࢀ࡚Ὑ࠺㸧 23 Medicinal Plants in the Osumi Islands ✀Ꮚᓥࡢ 3 ᆅᇦࡢࡳ࡛࢝ࣥࣛࣥ㸦ࡌࢇࡲࡋࢇࠊ୰ẘࠊ㣗୰ẘ㸧ࡀ⸆ࡋ࡚⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ ୍᪉ࠊ✀Ꮚᓥ࡛ࡣ⏝ࡉࢀࡎᒇஂᓥ㸦3 ᮧ௨ୖ㸧ࡢࡳ࡛⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ⸆⏝᳜≀ࡣࠊࢥ࢘ 㸦࡛ࡁࡶࡢࠊᡴࡕ㌟㸧 ࠊ࣐ࢳࣕࢬࣝ㸦㧗⾑ᅽࠊ⚄⤒③㸧 ࠊࢯ࣐ࢶ㸦⚄⤒③㸧 ࠊࢠࢩࢠࢩ㸦⓶ ࠊỈ㸧 ࠊࢢࣂ㸦⢾ᒀࠊ㧗⾑ᅽ㸧 ࠊࢡࢥ㸦㧗⾑ᅽࠊ⭡③㸧 ࠊࢧࢺࣔ㸦⻏ࡸ่ࡉࢀࠊ 㸧 ࠊࢧࣥ࢟ࣛ㸦တṆࡵࠊ⢾ᒀࠊẘᾘࡋ㸧 ࠊࢪࣕ࢞ࣔ㸦ⅆയ㸧 ࠊࢫ࢝㸦ᒀࠊ⭈⮚㸧 ࠊ ࢲࢥࣥ㸦ࠊ㦵ᢡࠊⓎờ㸧 ࠊࢶࣂ࢟㸦ษࡾയࠊࣄ࢚ࢾ࢟㸧 ࠊࢽࣥࢽࢡ㸦⑂ປᅇࠊ⢭ຊࠊ ࢪࣇࢸࣜࠊ⭡③ࠊ㸧 ࠊࣄࣙ࢘ࢱࣥ㸦ᡴࡕ㌟ࠊᡴ᧞㸧 ࠊࣅ࣡㸦㧗⾑ᅽࠊ⢾ᒀࠊ⭈⮚ࠊ ⚄⤒③ࠊ㸧 ࠊࣖࢡࢨࢧ㸦⒴㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋᚋࠊᆅᇦ࠾ࡅࡿ⸆⏝᳜≀⏝ẚ㍑ࡋࠊ ྛᓥࡢ≉ᚩࢆ᫂ࡽࡋࡓ࠸⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ᭱ᚋࠊⴭ⪅ࡀࡇࢀࡲ࡛㔜Ⅼⓗㄪᰝࢆࡋ࡚ࡁࡓ၈㎞Ꮚࡢ⏝ࡘ࠸࡚ሗ࿌ࡍࡿࠋ㝮 ㅖᓥ࠾ࡅࡿ၈㎞Ꮚࡢ᪉ゝྡࡣࠕࢥࢩ࣮ࣙࠊࢱ࢝ࣥࢶ࣓ࠖ 㸦 ࠗ✀Ꮚᓥ᪉ゝ㎡࠘ 㸧 ࠊ ࠕࡇࡋࡻ࠺ࠖ 㸦 ࠗ୰✀Ꮚ⏫㒓ᅵㄅ࠘ 㸧 ࠊ ࠕࢥ࣮ࢩࣙ࢘ࠖ 㸦ᒇஂᓥᖹෆᮧࠊ ࠗᒇஂ⏫㒓ᅵㄅ➨୍ᕳ࠘ 㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ ᕞ௨༡ࡢ၈㎞Ꮚࡢ᪉ゝྡࡣࠕࡇࡋࡻ࠺⣔ࠖᒓࡍࡿࠊᒣᮏ㸦2010㸧ࡣᥦၐࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ ࡑࡢ௬ㄝࢆᨭᣢࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ၈㎞Ꮚࡢ⸆⏝ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ ࠗᒇஂ⏫㒓ᅵㄅ➨୕ᕳ࠘ࡢ Ᏻᡣᮧࡢ㡯ࠕᡴࡕ㌟ࡢࡁࠊࢺࢩⲡࢱ࣐ࢦ࣭࣓ࣜࢣࣥࢥ࣭↝㓅࣭ࢥࢩࣙ࢘࡞ရࢆ ࡍࡾྜࢃࡏ࡚ᝈ㒊ࡘࡅࡿࠖ࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊࡇࡢࠕࢥࢩࣙ࢘ࠖࡀ၈㎞Ꮚ࡞ࡢ⬌᳡࡞ࡢࠊ ุูࡀࡘ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ⨾௨༡ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚၈㎞Ꮚࡢ⸆⏝ࡀᑡ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺ᛮ࠼ࡓࠋ ࠗ୰✀Ꮚ⏫㒓ᅵㄅ࠘ࠕࡇࡋࡻ࠺㸦၈ࡀࡽࡋ㸧ࢆ㌺ࡅ࡚࠾ࡃࡣࡸࡾẼࡀࡇ࡞࠸ࠖ ࠸࠺㨱㝖ࡅࡢ⏝ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ⨾ㅖᓥ࡛ࡣ၈㎞Ꮚࢆ↝㓅ₕࡅ࡚⭡③ࡢ㣧ࢇࡔࡾࠊ ㊊ࡀ②ᨥࡋࡓሬࡗࡓࡾࡍࡿࡇࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦YAMAMOTO 2013㸧ࠋ㝮ㅖᓥ࡛ࡣ ၈㎞Ꮚࡢࡣ࡞ࡗࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊࢯ࣐ࢶࡸ࢚ࣟࠊࢨ࣑㢮ࠊࣅ࣡ࢆ↝㓅ₕࡅ࡚⸆ࡋ ࡚⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋἈ⦖࡛ࡣἻ┒၈㎞Ꮚ㸦≉ᓥ၈㎞Ꮚ㸧ࢆₕࡅࡓㄪᩱࠕࢥ࣮࣮ࣞࢢ࣮ࢫࠖ ࡀ⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡇࡢㄪᩱࡶ⸆⏝ࡽࡢὴ⏕ࡢྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ ᘬ⏝ᩥ⊩ ᗈ℩㝧Ꮚ 1987㸬ᒇஂᓥ㯏⏕ࡢẸㄅ II㸪66 㡫㸪ᗈ℩㝧Ꮚ㸪㮵ඣᓥ㸬 㮵ඣᓥᏛἲᩥᏛ㒊ᩥே㢮Ꮫ◊✲ᐊ⦅ 1984㸬ቑ⏣ࡢẸㄅ㸪214 㡫㸪୰✀Ꮚ⏫❧ṔྐẸ ㈨ᩱ㤋㸪୰✀Ꮚ⏫㸪㮵ඣᓥ㸬 㮵ඣᓥᏛἲᩥᏛ㒊ᩥே㢮Ꮫ◊✲ᐊㄪᰝ 1989㸬ᒇஂ⏫ࡢẸ II㸪290 㡫㸪ᒇஂ⏫ᩍ⫱ጤ ဨࠕ㒓ᅵㄅ⦅ࡉࢇᐊࠖ 㸪ᒇஂ⏫㸪㮵ඣᓥ㸬 ༡✀Ꮚ⏫ᩍ⫱ጤဨ⦅ 1960㸬༡✀Ꮚ⏫㒓ᅵㄅ㸪86 㡫㸪㮵ඣᓥ┴⇃ẟ⩌༡✀Ꮚ⏫ᩍ⫱ጤဨ㸪 ༡✀Ꮚ⏫㸪㮵ඣᓥ㸬 ୰✀Ꮚ⏫㒓ᅵㄅ⦅㞟ጤဨ⦅ 1971㸬୰✀Ꮚ⏫㒓ᅵㄅ㸪1078 㡫㸪୰✀Ꮚ⏫㸪㮵ඣᓥ㸬 すஅ⾲ᕷᩥ㈈ಖㆤᑂ㆟⦅ 1981㸬ࢃࡓࡋࡓࡕࡢ✀Ꮚᓥ Ẹ⦅㸪85 㡫㸪すஅ⾲ᕷᩍ⫱ጤ ဨ㸪すஅ⾲㸪㮵ඣᓥ㸬 すஅ⾲ᕷ⦅⧩ጤဨ⦅ 1971㸬すஅ⾲ᕷⓒᖺྐ㸪528 㡫㸪すஅ⾲ᕷ㸪㮵ඣᓥ㸬 ᳜ᮧ㞝ኴᮁ 2001㸬✀Ꮚᓥ᪉ゝ㎡㸪375 㡫㸪Ṋⶶ㔝᭩㝔㸪ᮾி㸬 24 YAMAMOTO Sota ᒇஂ⏫㒓ᅵㄅ⦅ࡉࢇጤဨ⦅㞟 1993㸬ᒇஂ⏫㒓ᅵㄅ➨୍ᕳ ᮧⴠㄅ ୖ㸪1359 㡫㸪ᒇஂ⏫ ᩍ⫱ጤဨ㸪ᒇஂ⏫㸪㮵ඣᓥ㸬 ᒇஂ⏫㒓ᅵㄅ⦅ࡉࢇጤဨ⦅㞟 1995㸬ᒇஂ⏫㒓ᅵㄅ➨ᕳ ᮧⴠㄅ ୰㸪963 㡫㸪ᒇஂ⏫ ᩍ⫱ጤဨ㸪ᒇஂ⏫㸪㮵ඣᓥ㸬 ᒇஂ⏫㒓ᅵㄅ⦅ࡉࢇጤဨ⦅㞟 2003㸬ᒇஂ⏫㒓ᅵㄅ➨୕ᕳ ᮧⴠㄅ ୗ㸪1157 㡫㸪ᒇஂ⏫ ᩍ⫱ጤဨ㸪ᒇஂ⏫㸪㮵ඣᓥ㸬 ᒣᮏ᐀❧ 2010㸬⸆࣭ࡓࢀࡢ㣗ᩥࢺ࢘࢞ࣛࢩ㸫᪥ᮏ㸬ࢺ࢘࢞ࣛࢩㆭḷ㸦ᒣᮏ⣖ኵ⦅ⴭ㸧 㸪 235-246㸪ඵᆏ᭩ᡣ㸪ᮾி㸬 YAMAMOTO, S. 2013. Chili Peppers in the Islands of Kagoshima. In: The Islands of Kagoshima (Eds. KAWAI, K., TERADA, R. and KUWAHARA, S.), 38-42, Kagoshima University Research Center for the Pacific Islands, Kagoshima. 25 南太平洋海域調査研究報告 No.56（2015年3月） OCCASIONAL PAPERS No.56（March 2015） ⣚⸴ࣁࢼࣖࢼࢠྵࡲࢀࡿḟ௦ㅰ⏘≀㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ ᇶ ඃⰼ࣭ᚚ㡿ཎᏕᑦ࣭ᮧ㇂ጾྐ࣭௬ᒇᓮ ⥤࣭ᮡ⏣ᜨ࣭℈⏣Ꮨஅ Study on Secondary Metabolites in the Red Alga Chondria armata MOTOI Yuka, GORYOUBARA Takanao, OMURAYA Takeshi, KARIYAZAKI Aya, SUGITA Rie and HAMADA Toshiyuki 㮵ඣᓥᏛᏛ㝔⌮ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉ Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University せ᪨ ᒇஂᓥ࡚ࠊ⣚⸴ࣁࢼࣖࢼࢠࡢㄪᰝ࣭᥇㞟ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ3 ࣨᡤㄪᰝࡋࡓࡀࠊᏳᡣࡢ⏣ᾏᓊࡢ ࡳࣁࢼࣖࢼࢠࡢ⩌⏕ࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋࣁࢼࣖࢼࢠࢆ⣙ 1kg ᥇㞟ࡋࠊ࣓ࢱࣀ࣮ࣝ࠾ࡼࡧ࣓ࢱࣀ࣮ࣝ㸸 Ỉ㸸㓑㓟㸦50:50:0.2㸧࡛ᢳฟࡋࡓࠋࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᢳฟ≀ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ࣐ࢫࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝ࡞ࡽࡧ᰾☢Ẽ ඹ㬆ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࢆ ᐃࡋࠊᡂศศᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ ⫼ᬒ ࣁࢼࣖࢼࢠࡣࠊ㥑⸆ࡋ࡚▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࢻ࢘ࣔ㓟㸦domoic acid㸧ࡀከࡃྵࡲ ࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࢢࣝࢱ࣑ࣥ㓟ཷᐜయࢦࢽࢫࢺࡋ࡚స⏝ࡋࠊ⬻ෆᾏ㤿⚄⤒⣽⬊ࡢ CA3 㡿ᇦࢆ㑅ᢥⓗ◚ቯࡍࡿࡇࡼࡾグ᠈㞀ᐖࢆᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡍࠋ୍᪉ࠊ1985 ᖺࢧࣥࢺࣜ ࣮⏕᭷◊ࡢ๓⏣ࡽࡢሗ࿌ࡼࡾࠊࣁࢼࣖࢼࢠ⊛ẘࣃࣜࢺ࢟ࢩࣥ㸦palytoxin㸧ࡢ㢮ఝ ྜ≀ࡀྵࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀศࡗࡓ㸦๓⏣ࡽ 1985㸧ࠋࣃࣜࢺ࢟ࢩࣥࡣ㌾యࢧࣥࢦ ࡢ࣡ࢫࢼࢠࣥࢳࣕࢡ㸦Palythoa sp.㸧ࡢẘᡂศ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ࢜ࣈࢲ㣗୰ẘࡸࢡࣝ࣌ ࢜ࢺ࢟ࢩࢬ࣒㸦⇕ᖏᇦ࡛ࡢ࣡ࢩ㢮ࡸࢽࢩࣥ㢮ࡼࡿ㣗୰ẘ㸧࡞ࡣࣃࣜࢺ࢟ࢩࣥ ᵝẘࡀ㛵ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡶሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࣁࢼࣖࢼࢠྵࡲࢀࡿࢻ࢘ࣔ㓟㢮⦕ యࡸࣃࣜࢺ࢟ࢩࣥ㢮⦕యࢆㄪᰝࡋࠊ⸴㢮ࡸ㨶㢮ࡢẘᶵᵓࡢゎ᫂ࠊ࡞ࡽࡧゎẘࡸ ண㜵⸆ࡢ㛤Ⓨࢆ┠ᣦࡋࠊ◊✲╔ᡭࡋࡓࠋ 26 MOTOI Yuka, GORYOUBARA Takanao, OMURAYA Takeshi, KARIYAZAKI Aya, SUGITA Rie and HAMADA Toshiyuki ᪉ἲ࣭⤖ᯝ ࣁࢼࣖࢼࢠࡢㄪᰝ࣭᥇㞟 ᖹᡂ 26 ᖺ 7 ᭶ 12 ᪥㸦ᅵ㸧 13 ᪥㸦᪥㸧ࠊᒇஂᓥ࡚⣚⸴ࣁࢼࣖࢼࢠ㸦ᅗ 1㸧ࡢ ㄪᰝ࠾ࡼࡧ᥇㞟ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸦᥇㞟⪅㸸ᇶࠊᮧ㇂ࠊᒣୗ្ࠊ℈⏣㸧 ࠋ ࡲࡎࠊ12 ᪥ṇ༗ࡼࡾᏳᡣࡢ⏣ᾏᓊ࿘㎶࡛ࣁࢼࣖࢼࢠࡢ⩌⏕ᆅࢆㄪᰝࡋࡓࠋᾏỈ ᾎሙࡢ୰ࡣࡃ⏕ᜥࡋ࡚࠾ࡽࡎࠊࡑࢀࡼࡾᑡࡋࡢᑠࡉ࡞ࢱࢻࣉ࣮ࣝࡢỈ㝿 ᖹࡓࡃ⩌⏕ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊࡉࡽഃࡢᕝᾏࡢ⤖ྜ㒊ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊࡃゝࡗ࡚ ࠸࠸ᾏ⸴ࡣ⏕࠼࡚࠸࡞ࡗࡓࠋỈࡀ┿Ỉ㏆࠸ࡓࡵࡔ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ13 ࡼࡾ 15 30 ศࡲ࡛ࠊࢱࢻࣉ࣮ࣝ㏆࡛ᖏྠࡋࡓᏛ⏕ࡓࡕ୍⥴࣊ࣛࢆࡗ࡚᥇㞟ࢆ ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᖸ₻ࡀ 13 ㏆ࡔࡗࡓࡇࡶ࠶ࡾࠊ᥇㞟ࡣ 15 㐣ࡂࡀ㝈⏺࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ ࡑࡢᚋࠊᾏỈᾎሙ㏆࡛᥇㞟ࡋࡓࣁࢼࣖࢼࢠࢆᾏỈ࡛Ὑ࠸࡞ࡀࡽ╔≀ࢆ㝖࠸ࡓࠋ సᴗ⤊ࡣ 17 ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ ⩣ 13 ᪥ࡣᰩ⏕ࡢሯᓮࢱࢻࣉ࣮ࣝỈ᪘㤋㸦ኳ↛ࡢỈ᪘㤋㸧࿘㎶࡚ㄪᰝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ ࣁࢼࣖࢼࢠࡢ⩌⏕ࡣ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡗࡓࡀࠊࠕվ⸴ሙࡢࢱࢻࣉ࣮ࣝࠖࡢᾏഃࣁࢼࣖ ࢼࢠྠⰍࡢ⸴ࡀ⏕࠼࡚࠸ࡿࡇࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋࡑࢀࡀࣁࢼࣖࢼࢠ㛵ಀ࠶ࡿࡢ ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊỈ⏘Ꮫ㒊ࡢᑎ⏣༤ኈ☜ㄆࡋࡓࡇࢁࠊูࡢᾏ⸴࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡀศࡗࡓࠋ ࡇࡢ᪥ࡣࠊ୍‖ᾏỈᾎሙ㏆࡛ࡶㄪᰝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࡀࠊࣁࢼࣖࢼࢠࡣ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ࡇࡢㄪᰝ࡛ࡢࣁࢼࣖࢼࢠࡢ᥇㞟㔞ࡣ⣙ 1kg ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࢡ࣮ࣝ౽࡛Ꮫࡢ◊✲ᐊ ㏦ࡾࠊᡂศ◊✲╔ᡭࡋࡓࠋ ࣁࢼࣖࢼࢠࡢ᭷ᶵ⁐፹ᢳฟ࠾ࡼࡧᢳฟ≀ࡢᡂศゎᯒ ᅇࡢࣁࢼࣖࢼࢠࡢᡂศ◊✲ࡢ┠ⓗࡣࠊ᪂つࡢࢻ࢘ࣔ㓟㢮⦕యࡸࣃࣜࢺ࢟ࢩࣥ 㢮⦕యࢆ᥈⣴ࡍࡿࡇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊᅇ᥇ྲྀࡋࡓࣁࢼࣖࢼࢠ㸦᥇㞟⪅㸸ᇶࠊᚚ㡿 ཎࠊᒣୗࠊἨ ⩧ගࠊᡭࡳ࡞ࡳࠊᮡ⏣ࠊ℈⏣㸧ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊኳ↛≀᭷ᶵᏛ ◊✲୍࡛⯡ⓗ⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡿ࣓ࢱࣀ࣮ࣝᢳฟຍ࠼࡚ࠊ㓟ᛶ≀㉁ࢆᢳฟࡍࡿࡇࢆ┠ⓗ ࡋࡓ࣓ࢱࣀ࣮ࣝ㸸Ỉ㸸㓑㓟㸦50:50:0.2㸧ࡼࡿᢳฟࡶ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ ᅗ 1 ⣚⸴ࣁࢼࣖࢼࢠ 27 Study on Secondary Metabolites in the Red Alga Chondria armata ࡇࡢᒇஂᓥ⏘ࣁࢼࣖࢼࢠࡢ 2 ࡘࡢᢳฟ≀ຍ࠼࡚ࠊᖹᡂ 26 ᖺ 10 ᭶ 23 ᪥㮵ඣᓥ ┴༡ᕞᕷࡢ␒ᡤ㰯࡛᥇㞟ࡋࡓࣁࢼࣖࢼࢠࡘ࠸࡚ࡶྠᵝ᭷ᶵ⁐፹ᢳฟࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ ᚓࡽࢀࡓヨᩱࡘ࠸࡚࣐ࢫࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝ࡞ࡽࡧ᰾☢Ẽඹ㬆ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࢆ ᐃࡋࡓࠋ ⢒ᢳฟ≀ࡢẁ㝵࡞ࡢ࡛ࠊලయⓗ࡞ྜ≀ࡢᏑᅾࡘ࠸࡚ࡣศࡽ࡞࠸ࡀࠊ୧ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺ ࣝ୰↓ᩘࡢࢩࢢࢼࣝࡀほ ࡉࢀࡓࠋ࣓ࢱࣀ࣮ࣝᢳฟ≀ࡽࡣࠊࡑࡢ 1H-NMR㸦᰾☢ Ẽඹ㬆㸧ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝୖࠊࣃࣜࢺ࢟ࢩࣥ㢮⦕య⏤᮶ᛮࢃࢀࡿ 7.8 ppm ࡢࢩࢢࢼࣝࡶ ほ ࡛ࡁࡓࠋᚋࡣࠊྛ✀ࢡ࣐ࣟࢺࢢࣛࣇ࣮ἲࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊྜ≀ࡢศ㞳⢭〇ࢆ㐍ࡵ ࡚࠸ࡃணᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ⪃ᐹ࣭ᚋࡢᒎᮃ ࣃࣜࢺ࢟ࢩࣥ㢮⦕యࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊOstreopsis ᒓࡢ 㠴ẟ⸴ࡀࡑࡢ⏕⏘㛵ࡋ࡚ ࠸ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ┴ෆ࡛ࡶࢱࣉࡢ␗࡞ࡿྠᒓ 㠴ẟ⸴ࡀ⏕ᜥࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊ᥇㞟 ᆅࡈศ㢮ࡋ࡚ࠊ௨ᚋࡢศ㞳࣭⢭〇ࢆ⾜࠺ࠋ ᭱⤊ⓗࠊࢻ࢘ࣔ㓟㢮⦕యࡸࣃࣜࢺ࢟ࢩࣥ㢮⦕యࡢᏛᵓ㐀ࡢゎ᫂ࠊᵓ㐀άᛶ┦ 㛵ࠊ⏕ྜᡂ⤒㊰ࡢ᳨ウࡽࡇࢀࡽࡢẘࡢస⏝ᶵᗎࡘ࠸࡚⪃ᐹࡋࠊࢻ࢘ࣔ㓟ࡸࣃࣜ ࢺ࢟ࢩࣥࡢண㜵࣭⒪ࢆ┠ᣦࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ ᘬ⏝ᩥ⊩ ๓⏣ ‶࣭ඣ⋢ ࣭⏣୰㝯࣭ྜྷᰨ ⫕࣭㔝ᮏா㈨࣭➉ᮏᖖᯇ࣭⸨⏣⛱ኵ 1985㸬 ⣚⸴㢮ࣁࢼࣖࢼࢠࡽ༢㞳ࡉࢀࡓẅάᛶ≀㉁ࡢᵓ㐀㸬ኳ↛᭷ᶵྜ≀ウㄽㅮ ₇せ᪨㞟㸪27㸸616-623㸬 29 南太平洋海域調査研究報告 No.56（2015年3月） OCCASIONAL PAPERS No.56（March 2015） 㝮ㅖᓥ࡛ࣈࣘࡀ፹ࡍࡿࣇࣛࣜࡢㄪᰝ ሯ 㟹 A Survey of Filarial Parasites Transmitted by Blackflies in the Osumi Islands OTSUKA Yasushi 㮵ඣᓥᏛᅜ㝿ᓥᕋᩍ⫱◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ Research Center for the Pacific Islands, Kagoshima University せ᪨ ࣈࣘࡣࣇࣛࣜ࡞ࡢཎయࢆ፹ࡍࡿࡇࡽ་Ꮫⓗࡸ⋇་Ꮫⓗࡶ㔜せ࡞྾⾑࡛᪻࠶ ࡿࠋᅇࠊ㝮ㅖᓥ࡛ࣈࣘࡢ፹ࡍࡿࣇࣛࣜࡢㄪᰝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᒇஂᓥ࡛࢝ࢡࣛࢩ࣐ࢲࣛ ࣈࣘ 25 ༉ࠊࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘ 23 ༉ࠊ✀Ꮚᓥ࡛ࡣࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘ 7 ༉ࡢ㞤ᡂࢆ᥇㞟ࡋࡓࠋࡑࢀࡽ ࢆゎ๗ࡋࡓࡀࣇࣛࣜࡣぢࡘࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀࡲ࡛༡すㅖᓥ࡛ࡣࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘࡀே྾⾑✀ ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡀࠊᒇஂᓥ࡛ࡣ࢝ࢡࣛࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘࡶ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡀࢃࡗࡓࠋ ࡣࡌࡵ ࣈࣘࡣࣇࣜ࢝ࡸ୰༡⡿࡛ࡣࣄࢺ࢜ࣥࢥࢭࣝ࢝㸦Ἑᕝ┣┠㸧ࡢ㉳ᅉ✀࡞ࡿ ࣇࣛࣜࡢ୍✀࡛࠶ࡿ Onchocerca volvulus ࢆ፹ࡍࡿࠋ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡣࣀࢩࢩᐤ⏕ ࡍࡿ O. dewittei japonica ࡼࡿே⋇ඹ㏻࢜ࣥࢥࢭࣝ࢝ࢆ፹ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࣀࢩࢩ ࡣ O. dewittei japonica ࡢࡶ O. takaokai ࡶࣈࣘࡀ፹ࡍࡿࡇࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࡢᐟ࡛ࡣࠊ∵࠸ࡿ O. lienalis O. sp.ࠊࢽ࣍ࣥࢪ࢝࠸ࡿ O. eberhardi O. skrjabiniࠊࢽ࣍ࣥ࢝ࣔࢩ࢝࠸ࡿ O. suzukii ࢆࣈࣘࡀ፹ࡍࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࣈࣘࡀ፹ ࡍࡿ࠺ࢃࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ Onchocera ✀ࡋ࡚ࠊ∵ O. gibsoni O. gutturosaࠊ 㤿 O. cervicalis ࡀ࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡲ࡛㝮ㅖᓥࢆྵࡵ༡すㅖᓥ㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊࣈࣘࡀ፹ ࡍࡿ࢜ࣥࢥࢭࣝ࢝ࡢㄪᰝࡣ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࠊ⮬↛⏺ࡽࣈࣘࢆ᥇㞟ࡋࡑࡢಖ᭷ ࡍࡿ࢜ࣥࢥࢭࣝ࢝ࢆྵࡴࣇࣛࣜࢆㄪᰝࡋࡓࠋ 30 OTSUKA Yasushi ᪉ἲ ᒇஂᓥ࡛ࡣ⣖ඖᮡ㏆ࡃ㸦ᶆ㧗 700m㸧ࠊ✀Ꮚᓥ࡛ࡣ⏨ῡዪῡࡢ㏆ࡃ㸦ᶆ㧗 100m㸧 ࡛ࠊேᅓἲ㸦㌴ࡢ࢚ࣥࢪࣥࡶࢻࣜࣥࢢ≧ែ࡛ྠ⏝ࡋࡓ㸧ࡼࡾࣈ࣓ࣘࢫ ᡂࢆ᥇㞟ࡋࡓࠋ᥇㞟ࡋࡓ࣓ࢫᡂࡣ 80%ࣝࢥ࣮ࣝධࢀ◊✲ᐊᣢࡕᖐࡾࠊ㢧ᚤ 㙾ୗ࡛ゎ๗ࡋࣇࣛࣜᗂࢆ᥈ࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ᥇㞟ᆅ࿘㎶ࡢἙᕝ࡛ࣈࣘࡢᗂ࠾ࡼࡧ ⻈ࡢ᥇㞟ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ ⤖ᯝ ᒇஂᓥ࡛ࡢ᥇㞟࡛ࡣ࢝ࢡࣛࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘ 25 ༉ࠊࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘ 23 ༉ࠊ✀Ꮚᓥ ࡛ࡣࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘ 7 ༉ࢆ᥇㞟ࡋࡓ㸦ᅗ 1㸧ࠋ᥇㞟ࡋࡓࣈࣘࢆ◊✲ᐊᣢࡕᖐࡾゎ๗ ࡋࡓࡀࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢࣈࣘࡽࡣ࢜ࣥࢥࢭࣝ࢝ྵࡴࣇࣛࣜᗂࡣぢࡘࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ࡲࡓࠊ᥇ྲྀᆅ࿘㎶ࡢἙᕝ࡛ࣈࣘࡢᗂ࠾ࡼࡧ⻈ࢆ᥇㞟ࡋࡓࡇࢁࠊᒇஂᓥ࡛ࡣࢩ࣐ ࢲࣛࣈࣘࠊ࢟ࢩࢶ࣓ࢺࢤࣈࣘࠊࣄ࣓ࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘࠊ࢝ࢡࣛࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘࠊ ✀Ꮚᓥ࡛ࡣࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘࠊ࢟ࢩࢶ࣓ࢺࢤࣈࣘࠊࣄ࣓ࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘࠊࢦࢫࢪࢩࣛ ࢟ࣈࣘࠊࢲࢭ࣐ࣥࣖࣈࣘࡀ᥇㞟ࡉࢀࡓࠋ ᅗ 1 ࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘ㸦ᕥ㸧࢝ࢡࣛࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘ㸦ྑ㸧ࡢ㞤ᡂ 31 A Survey of Filarial Parasites Transmitted by Blackflies in the Osumi Islands ⪃ᐹ ᅇࡢㄪᰝ࡛ᒇஂᓥ࡛ࡣ࢝ࢡࣛࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘࠊࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘࢆ᥇㞟ࡋࡓࠋ ࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘࡣ༡すㅖᓥ࡛ேࢆ྾⾑ࡍࡿࣈࣘ✀ࡋ࡚ࡼࡃ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊᅇࡣ ࢝ࢡࣛࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘࡀ᥇㞟ᩘ࡛ࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘࢆୖᅇࡗࡓࠋᅇࡢㄪᰝࡀ 10 ᭶ ࡔࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊᖺ㛫ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ྠࡌ⤖ᯝ࡞ࡿ࠺ࡣࢃࡽ࡞࠸ࡀࠊᒇஂᓥ࡛ࡣ࢝ ࢡࣛࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘࡀே྾⾑✀ࡋ࡚㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡀࢃࡗࡓࠋ᥇㞟ࡋࡓࣈࣘࡽ ࡣࣇࣛࣜᗂࡣぢࡘࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࡀࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢ㔝እㄪᰝࡢ⤖ᯝࢆぢ࡚ࡶឤᰁ⋡ ࡣ㧗ࡃ࡚ࡶ 1㹼3%࡞ࡢ࡛ࠊࡉࡽከࡃࡢࣈࣘࢆゎ๗ࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ ᒇஂᓥ✀Ꮚᓥࡣࣀࢩࢩࡀ࠸࡞࠸ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡲࡓᒇஂᓥ࠸ࡿࣖࢡࢩ࢝ࡣ ᮏᅵ⏕ᜥࡍࡿࢽ࣍ࣥࢪ࡛࢝ࡣ࡞ࡃள✀ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᮏᅵࡣ࢜ࣥࢥࢭࣝ࢝ࡢᐟ ࡞ࡿ့ங㢮ࡢ⏕ᜥ≧ἣࡀࡁࡃ␗࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞≧ἣ࡛ࣈࣘࡀ࢜ࣥࢥࢭࣝ ࢝ࡢ፹⪅ࡋ࡚ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙺࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࢆ▱ࡿࡓࡵࡶࠊᚋࡶㄪᰝࡀ ᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ ࡲࡓࠊࣈࣘࡢᗂ࣭⻈᥇㞟࡛ࡣ✀Ꮚᓥࡽึグ㘓࡞ࡿࢲࢭ࣐ࣥࣖࣈࣘࢆ᥇㞟 ࡋࡓࠋࢲࢭ࣐ࣥࣖࣈࣘࡣᾏ㐨࡞᪥ᮏࡢ᪉ከࡃศᕸࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ✀࡛࠶ࡿࠋᕞ ࡛ࡶ⛥᥇㞟ࡉࢀࡿࡇࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࢲࢭ࣐ࣥࣖࣈࣘࡢࡼ࠺㝮ㅖᓥࡲ࡛ศᕸࡀ࠶ࡿ ࣈࣘ✀ࡋ࡚ࡣ࢘ࢳࢲࢶࣀ࣐ࣘࣈࣘࡸࣄ࣓ࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘࡀ࠶ࡿࠋᅇ✀Ꮚᓥ࡛ᗂ ⻈ࡀ᥇㞟ࡉࢀࡓࢦࢫࢪࢩࣛ࢟ࣈࣘࡶ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡢศᕸࡣ㝮ㅖᓥࡲ࡛࡛ࠊྎ‴௨༡࠸ࡿ ࢦࢫࢪࢩࣛ࢟ࣈࣘࡣ㑇ఏᏊ㓄ิࡢẚ㍑ู࡛✀࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᅇࠊ ᒇஂᓥ࡛᭱ࡶᡂࡀ᥇㞟ࡉࢀࡓ࢝ࢡࣛࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘࡶࢦࢫࢪࢩࣛ࢟ࣈࣘྠࡌ ࡃࠊᮾ༡ࢪศᕸࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢࡢࠊ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡢศᕸࡢ༡㝈ࡣ㝮ㅖᓥ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࢝ ࢡࣛࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘࡶྛᆅࡢ㑇ఏᏊ㓄ิࡢẚ㍑࡛㞃ⶸ✀㸦cryptic species㸧ࡢ᭷↓ࡢ ☜ㄆࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ 33 南太平洋海域調査研究報告 No.56（2015年3月） OCCASIONAL PAPERS No.56（March 2015） 㝰༙ᓥ⏕ᜥࡍࡿ㔝⏕ࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢ⩌ࢀࢧࢬ 㸫ᒇஂᓥࡢẚ㍑㸫 ⸨⏣ᚿṌ 1࣭ᗙ㤿⪔୍㑻 2࣭➉ࣀୗ♸ 3࣭⏣୍㞝 4࣭ᕷ᮶ࡼࡋᏊ 5 Group Size of Wild Japanese Macaques (Macaca fuscata fuscata) in the Osumi Peninsula: The Comparison with M. f. yakui in Yakushima Island FUJITA Shiho1, ZAMMA Koichiro2, TAKENOSHITA Yuji3, WADA Kazuo4 and ICHIKI Yoshiko5 1: 㮵ඣᓥᏛඹྠ⋇་Ꮫ㒊 2: ி㒔Ꮫࢪ࣭ࣇࣜ࢝ᆅᇦ◊✲◊✲⛉㸭㔝⏕ື≀◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ 3: ୰㒊Ꮫ㝔ᏛᏊࡶᏛ㒊 4: NPO ἲேࣉ࣓ࣛࢺ࣭ࢦࣛ 5: 㝮༙ᓥࡢ⮬↛ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿ 1: Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University 2: ASAFAS/WRC, Kyoto University 3: Faculty of Child Science, Chubu Gakuin University 4: Primate Agora 5: Care for Nature in Osumi Club せ᪨ ࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢ⩌ࢀࢧࢬࠊ㐟ືᇦ㠃✚ࠊಶయᐦᗘ࠸ࡗࡓ⏕ែᏛⓗ≉ᚩࡣᆅᇦᕪࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ ࡃⴠⴥᶞᯘᖏ↷ⴥᶞᯘᖏ࡛ࡣࡁࡃ␗࡞ࡿࡇࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋࡋࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࡣࠊ ࣍ࣥࢻࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝ㸦Macaca fuscata fuscata㸧ࣖࢡࢩ࣐ࢨࣝ㸦M. f. yakui㸧࠸࠺ࠊࡘࡢள✀ࢆẚ㍑ࡋࡓ ࡶࡢࡀࢇ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢᕪ␗ࡀ⎔ቃせᅉࡼࡿࡶࡢࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣள✀㛫ࡢ㐪࠸ࢆ᫂☜༊ูࡍࡿ ࡇࡣᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋᮏ◊✲ࡣࠊࡇࡢၥ㢟ࢆゎỴࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊ↷ⴥᶞᯘᖏ⏕ᜥࡍࡿ࣍ࣥࢻࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝ ࡘ࠸࡚⏕ែᏛⓗᇶ♏㈨ᩱࢆ㞟ࡋࠊྠࡌࡃ↷ⴥᶞᯘᖏ⏕ᜥࡍࡿࣖࢡࢩ࣐ࢨࣝࡢࡑࢀẚ㍑ࡋࡓࠋ ㄪᰝᆅࡣ✄ᑿᓅ⮬↛⎔ቃಖᆅᇦࡑࡢ࿘㎶ᇦ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ2013 ᖺ 9 ᭶ 2014 ᖺ 8 ᭶ࠊ⩌ࢀᩘ࠾ࡼࡧ ⩌ࢀࢧࢬࢆㄪࡿࡓࡵࡢ࣮ࣝࢺࢭࣥࢧࢫࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋㄪᰝࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ㝮༙ᓥ⏕ᜥࡍࡿࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢ ⩌ࢀࢧࢬࡣࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ሗ࿌ࡉࢀࡓࣖࢡࢩ࣐ࢨࣝࡢࡑࢀẚ㍑ࡋ࡚࡞ࡾࡁ࠸ࡇࡀศࡗࡓࠋ 34 FUJITA Shiho, ZAMMA Koichiro, TAKENOSHITA Yuji, WADA Kazuo and ICHIKI Yoshiko ⫼ᬒ ࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝ㸦Macaca fuscata㸧࠾࠸࡚ࠊ⩌ࢀࢧࢬࠊ㐟ືᇦ㠃✚ࠊᐦᗘ࠸ࡗࡓࠊ♫ ᵓ㐀ࡸศᕸ㛵ࡍࡿ≉ᚩࡣᆅᇦᕪࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡃⴠⴥᶞᯘᖏ↷ⴥᶞᯘᖏ࡛ࡣ ࠋࡋࡋࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢ⤖ᯝࡣࠊ ࡁࡃ␗࡞ࡿࡇࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦e.g., TAKASAKI 1981㸧 ࣍ࣥࢻࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝ㸦M. f. fuscata㸧ࣖࢡࢩ࣐ࢨࣝ㸦M. f. yakui㸧࠸࠺ࠊࡘࡢள✀ࢆẚ㍑ ࡋࡓࡶࡢࡀࢇ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢᕪ␗ࡀ⎔ቃせᅉࡼࡿࡶࡢࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣள✀㛫ࡢ㐪࠸ ࢆ᫂☜༊ูࡍࡿࡇࡣᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋᮏ◊✲ࡣࠊࡇࡢၥ㢟ࢆゎỴࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊ↷ⴥᶞᯘ ᖏ⏕ᜥࡍࡿ࣍ࣥࢻࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡘ࠸࡚⏕ែᏛⓗᇶ♏㈨ᩱࢆ㞟ࡋࠊྠࡌࡃ↷ⴥᶞᯘᖏ ⏕ᜥࡍࡿࣖࢡࢩ࣐ࢨࣝࡢࡑࢀẚ㍑ࡋࡓࠋ ᪉ἲ ㄪᰝᆅࡣ✄ᑿᓅ⮬↛⎔ቃಖᆅᇦࡑࡢ࿘㎶ᇦ࡛࠶ࡾࠊᾏᓊࡽᒣ㡬ࡲ࡛⮬↛᳜⏕ࡀ 㐃⥆ࡍࡿࠋㄪᰝࡣ 2013 ᖺ 9 ᭶㸦6 ᪥㛫㸧 2014 ᖺ 8 ᭶㸦8 ᪥㛫㸧⾜ࡗࡓࠋ ᶆ㧗 90㹼270m ㉮ࡿබ㐨 15.7km ࢆ 7 ༊㛫ศࡅ㸦ᅗ 1㸧 ࠊྛ༊㛫 1ࠥ2 ேࡢㄪᰝဨࢆ 㓄⨨ࡋ࡚ࠊ༗๓༗ᚋࡢ 2 ᅇࠊྛ 4 㛫ࡢ࣮ࣝࢺࢭࣥࢧࢫࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋㄪᰝဨࡣྛ༊㛫ࢆ ྠࢫࢱ࣮ࢺࡋ୍࡚ᐃ㏿ᗘ࡛Ṍࡁࠊ⤊้ࡲ࡛ྛ༊㛫ࢆ ࡋࡓࠋ㋃ᰝ୰ࢽ࣍ࣥࢨ ࣝࢆ┠ᧁࡋࡓሙྜࠊ࠾ࡼࡧ㡢ኌࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓሙྜࡣࠊ้࠾ࡼࡧ⨨ࡶࡑࡢሗࢆ グ㘓ࡋࠊྍ⬟࡛࠶ࢀࡤᛶ࣭ᖺ㱋ẖಶయᩘࢆ࢝࢘ࣥࢺࡋࡓࠋ ᅗ 1A ㄪᰝᆅ ᅗ 1B ࢭࣥࢧࢫࡢ㋃ᰝ࣮ࣝࢺ㸦a-h㸧 35 Group Size of Wild Japanese Macaques (Macaca fuscata fuscata) in the Osumi Peninsula: The Comparison with M. f. yakui in Yakushima Island ⤖ᯝ 2013 ᖺࡢㄪᰝ࡛ࡣࠊ㋃ᰝ࣮ࣝࢺୖ࡛ᑡ࡞ࡃࡶ 3 ࡘࡢ⩌ࢀࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ࠸ࡎࢀࡶࣇࣝ ࢝࢘ࣥࢺࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡗࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊ⩌ࢀࢧࢬࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀ 14ࠊ56 ࠾ࡼࡧ 66 ಶయ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ 2014 ᖺࡢㄪᰝ࡛ࡣࠊ2ࠥ4 ⩌ࡢ⩌ࢀࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࠊࢧࣈࢢ࣮ࣝࣆࣥࢢ㸦⩌ࢀࡀ୍ⓗ ศࡍࡿ⌧㇟㸧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿೃࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊ2 ࡘࡢ⩌ࢀࡀࡑࢀࡒࢀ୍ⓗ ศࡋࠊ4 ࡘࡢ⩌ࢀࡋ࡚☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓྍ⬟ᛶࡶ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋ2 ࡘࡢ⩌ࢀࡍࡿࠊ⩌ࢀࢧ ࢬࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀ 95 ࠾ࡼࡧ 124 ಶయ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ ⪃ᐹ ᮏ◊✲ࡢㄪᰝᆅࡰྠࡌᶆ㧗ࡢᒇஂᓥす㒊ᯘ㐨⏕ᜥࡍࡿࣖࢡࢩ࣐ࢨ࡛ࣝࡣࠊᖹᆒ⩌ ࢀࢧࢬ㸦ಶయᩘ㸧ࡣ 16.9㸦⠊ᅖ 7ࠥ29㸧࡛࠶ࡿ㸦YOSHIHIRO et al. 1999㸧ࠋᮏㄪᰝࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ 㝮༙ᓥ✄ᑿᓅ࿘㎶⏕ᜥࡍࡿ࣍ࣥࢻࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢ⩌ࢀࢧࢬࡣᒇஂᓥす㒊ᯘ㐨ࡢ⩌ࢀࡢ 2ࠥ7 ಸ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊᒇஂᓥす㒊ᯘ㐨࡛ࡣ 1km ࠶ࡓࡾ 4ࠥ6 ࡢ⩌ࢀࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿࡢᑐࡋ 㸦YOSHIHIRO et al. 1999㸧ࠊᮏㄪᰝᆅ࡛ࡣ 1km ࠶ࡓࡾࡢ⩌ࢀᩘࡣ 0.1ࠥ0.2 ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊᒇஂᓥࡣᑠࡉ࡞⩌ࢀࡀᑠࡉ࠸⾜ືᅪࢆࡶࡗ࡚ᩘከࡃᏑᅾࡍࡿࡢᑐࡋࠊ 㝮༙ᓥ࡛ࡣࡁ࡞⩌ࢀࡀࡁ࡞⾜ືᅪࢆࡶࡗ࡚⏕ᜥࡋࠊ⩌ࢀࡢᩘࡣᑡ࡞࠸ࡇࡀ♧၀ ࡉࢀࡓࠋ ↷ⴥᶞᯘ࡛ࡣࠊࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢせ㣗≀࡛࠶ࡿᯝᐇ㢮ࡀࡰ୍ᖺ୰⏝ྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡾ 㸦AGETSUMA and NAKAGAWA 1998㸧ࠊ㧗ᐦᗘࡢಶయࢆ⥔ᣢ࡛ࡁࡿ⏕ᜥ⎔ቃ࡛࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀ ࡿࠋࡋࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ㝮༙ᓥᒇஂᓥࢆẚ㍑ࡋࡓሙྜࠊྠࡌ㧗ᐦᗘ࡛ࡶࠊ⩌ࢀࢧࢬࡀ ࡁࡃ␗࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢ⌮⏤ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ᫂ࡽ࡛࡞࠸ࡀࠊள✀㛫ࡢ㑇ఏⓗ࡞㐪࠸ࡢࠊ ⩌ࢀ㛫➇ྜ࡞ࡢ♫ⓗせᅉࠊ᭷ᐖᤕ⋓࡞ே㛫ࡢ㌵㎚ࠊ᳃ᯘ⎔ቃࡢṔྐⓗኚ㑄㸦ఆ᥇ ࡢᙳ㡪㸧࡞ࠊ」ᩘࡢせᅉࡀᙳ㡪ࡍࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋᚋࠊᮏㄪᰝᆅ࠾ࡅࡿ⩌ࢀࡢศᕸ ≧ἣࡸ⩌ࢀࢧࢬࡘ࠸࡚ࡉࡽ⢭ᰝࡍࡿࡶࠊᒇஂᓥࡢᕪ␗ࢆࡶࡓࡽࡍせᅉ ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡍࡿணᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ AGETSUMA, N. and NAKAGAWA, N. 1998. Effects of Habitat Differences on Feeding Behaviors of Japanese Monkeys: Comparison between Yakushima and Kinkazan. Primates, 39: 275-289. TAKASAKI, H. 1981. Troop Size, Habitat Quality, and Home Range Area in Japanese Macaques. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 9: 277-281. YOSHIHIRO, S., OHTAKE, M., MATSUBARA, H., ZAMMA, K., HAN’YA, G., TANIMURA, Y., KUBOTA, H., KUBO, R., ARAKANE, T., HIRATA, T., FURUKAWA, M., SATO, A. and TAKAHATA, Y. 1999. Vertical Distribution of Wild Yakushima Macaques (Macaca fuscata yakui) in the Western Area of Yakushima Island, Japan: Preliminary Report. Primates, 40: 409-415. 37 南太平洋海域調査研究報告 No.56（2015年3月） OCCASIONAL PAPERS No.56（March 2015） 㮵ඣᓥ┴◲㯤ᓥࡢⅆᒣᄇẼᏍ࿘㎶⏕ᜥࡍࡿ Xenograpsus testudinatus ࡢ⏕≀Ꮫⓗ◊✲ 㕥ᮌᘅᚿ࣭ᒾᓮ㉳☻࣭Ᏹ㒔ᐑᝆ࣭ᒾᮏᾏ⨾ Biological Study of the Hydrothermal Crab, Xenograpsus testudinatus Ng, Huang & Ho, 2000 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Grapsidae) Inhabit in the Adjacent Water of Showa-Iwojima, Southern Japan SUZUKI Hiroshi, IWASAKI Tatsuki, UTSUNOMIYA Yu and IWAMOTO Amami 㮵ඣᓥᏛỈ⏘Ꮫ㒊 Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University せ᪨ 2011 ᖺ 5 ᭶ࠊ㮵ඣᓥ┴୕ᓥᮧ◲㯤ᓥᮾ᪉⣙ 3km ⨨ࡍࡿ◲㯤ᓥ࿘㎶ᾏᇦࡢⅆᒣᛶᄇẼ㏆࡛ ࣡࢞ࢽ⛉࢝ࢽ㢮ࡀⓎぢࡉࢀࡓࠋᮏ✀ࡣྎ‴டᒣᓥࢆᇶ⏘ᆅࡍࡿ Xenograpsus testudinatus ྠᐃࡉࢀ ࡓ㸦NG et al. 2014㸧ࠋᮏ✀ࢆྵࡴ Xenograpsus ᒓࡣୡ⏺࡛ 3 ✀ࡋሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡽࡎࠊࡑࡢ⏕≀Ꮫⓗ▱ぢ ࡣ㠀ᖖஈࡋ࠸ࠋ➹⪅ࡽࡣ 2014 ᖺ 5 ᭶ࡼࡾ㝶ᮏ✀ࡢ⏕ែᏛⓗ◊✲ࢆ㐍ࡵࠊࡑࡢ⏕ᜥ㔞ࡀ 3,100㹼3,800 ಶయ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࠊᮏ✀ࡢศᕸࡀ◲㯤ᓥ༡ഃᾏ㠃㝈ࡽࢀࠊࡘࠊᓊᐤࡾࡢ୍㒊ࡢᆅᇦࡋ⏕ᜥࡋ ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࢆ᫂ࡽࡋࡓࠋᮏ✀ࡢಶయ⩌⏕ែᏛⓗ◊✲ࡣ⌧ᅾࡶ⥅⥆୰࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡣࡌࡵ ࣍࢘࢟࢞ࢽᒓ㸦௬⛠㸧Genus Xenograpsus Takeda & Kurata, 1977 ࡣࠊ⌧ᅾ 3 ✀ࡢࡳࡀሗ࿌ ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡑࡢ࡚ࡀᾏᗏⅆᒣࡶࡋࡃࡣⅆᒣᛶᄇẼࡀᄇฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᾏᇦࡢࡳ⏕ᜥࡋ࡚ ࠸ࡿࠋ ࡑࢀࡽࡣ 1977 ᖺᮾி㒔ᑠ➟ཎࡢすஅᓥ᪂ᓥࡽ᪂ᒓ᪂✀ࡋ࡚グ㍕ࡉࢀࡓࢽࢩࣀ ࢩ࣐࣍࢘࢟࢞ࢽ X. novaeinsularis Takeda & Kurata, 1977ࠊྎ‴᪉ࡢடᒣᓥࡽሗ࿌ࡉࢀࡓ X. testudinatus N. K. Ng, Huang & Ho, 2000ࠊཬࡧࢽ࣮ࣗࢪ࣮ࣛࣥࢻ᪉ᾏᇦ࠶ࡿࢣ࣐ࣝࢹ ࢵࢡᾏᗏⅆᒣࡽሗ࿌ࡉࢀࡓ X. ngatama McLay, 2007 ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ 38 SUZUKI Hiroshi, IWASAKI Tatsuki, UTSUNOMIYA Yu and IWAMOTO Amami 1993 ᖺࠊ㮵ඣᓥ┴༑ᓥᮧᝏ▼ᓥࡢᾏᗏ Ἠࠊཬࡧࠊᮾி㒔ᑠ➟ཎㅖᓥ◲㯤ᓥ࡛ࢽࢩࣀ ࢩ࣐࣍࢘࢟࢞ࢽࡢ⏕ᜥࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ㸦Ṋ⏣ࡽ 1993㸧 ࠊ2014 ᖺࡣ㮵ඣᓥ┴୕ᓥᮧ◲㯤 ᓥ࿘㎶ᾏᇦࡽ X. testudinatus ࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀࡿ࡞㸦NG et al. 2014㸸ᅗ 1&2㸧 ࠊᮏᒓࡢ᪥ᮏ ࿘㎶ᾏᇦ࠾ࡅࡿ᪂ࡓ࡞⏕ᜥᆅࡀ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡾࡘࡘ࠶ࡿࠋࡋࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊᮏᒓࡢ࢝ࢽ㢮 㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ࡣࠊ ࡑࡢࢇࡀศ㢮Ꮫⓗ◊✲࡛ࠊ ⏕≀Ꮫⓗࠊ ⏕ែᏛⓗ◊✲ࡣ JENG et al.㸦2004b㸧 ࡼࡿ X. testudinatus ࡢᦤ㣵⏕ែ㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ྠ⾜ࡗࡓྠ✀ᗂ⏕ࡢᙧែࢆグ㍕ࡋࡓ ࡶࡢ㸦JENG et al. 2004a㸧ࡔࡅ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊᾏᗏⅆᒣࡸⅆᒣᛶᄇẼࡢᄇฟ ࡍࡿ≉␗࡞⎔ቃ⏕ᜥࡍࡿᮏᒓࡢ⏕ែࢆ◊✲ࡍࡿୖ࡛ྍḞ࡞⏕≀Ꮫⓗᇶ♏▱ぢࢆᚓࡿ ࡇࢆ┠ⓗࡋࡓࠋ ᮏ◊✲ࢆᐇࡍࡿᙜࡓࡾࠊㄪᰝ᥇㞟ࡈ༠ຊ࠸ࡓࡔ࠸ࡓᮏᏛỈ⏘Ꮫ㒊⦎⩦⯪༡ᫍࡢ ᖜ㔝᫂ṇ⯪㛗ࡣࡌࡵ⤌ဨⓙᵝ῝ࡃឤㅰࡋࡲࡍࠋࡲࡓࠊ⌧ᆅ࡛ࡢ SCUBA ࡼࡿᶆᮏ ᥇㞟ከ࡞ᑾຊࢆ࠸ࡓࡔ࠸ࡓᮏᏛᢏ⾡㒊⫋ဨᯇᒸ⩫ዪྐࠊ୕ᓥᮧ◲㯤ᓥᅾఫࡢᲚཎẶ ῝ㅰ࠸ࡓࡋࡲࡍࠋ࡞࠾ࠊᮏ◊✲㈝ࡢ୍㒊ࡣᏛ㛗㔞⤒㈝㺀ࢥ◊✲㺁ࡼࡿࠋ ᮦᩱ࠾ࡼࡧ᪉ἲ ㄪᰝࡣࠊ2014 ᖺ 5 ᭶ࠊ8 ᭶ࠊ10 ᭶◲㯤ᓥ༡ഃᾏ㠃ࡢᾏᓊ⥺ἢࡗ࡚ 10 Ⅼࠊ8 ᭶ ཬࡧ 10 ᭶ࡣࡇࡢ 10 Ⅼຍ࠼ᾏᓊࡽἈྥࡗ࡚ 50m ࡢࣛࣥࢆ 2 ᮏ୪⾜ࡋ࡚タ⨨ࡋ ࡚⾜ࡗࡓࠋᾏᓊ⥺ἢࡗࡓ 10 Ⅼ࡛ࡣࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀ 2 ಶࢆ 1 ⤌ࡋࡓࢺࣛࢵࣉ㸦ᕷ㈍ࡢ㨶࢟ࣛ ࣮㸸ࢧࢬࡣ 26.5×26.5×39cmࠊ┠ྜ࠸⣙ 2mm㸧ࢆ 1 ኪタ⨨ࡋࡓࠋ50m ࡢࣛࣥࢺࣛࣥࢭ ࢡࢺἲ࡛ࡣࠊ5m 㛫㝸 2 ಶ 1 ⤌ࡢࢺࣛࢵࣉࢆ 1 ኪタ⨨ࡋࡓࠋ᥇㞟ಶయࡣ⢭ᗘ 0.05 ੈࡢ ࣀࢠࢫ࡛⏥㛗ࠊ⏥ᖜࢆィ ࡋࠊ㞤㞝ࠊᢪ༸ࡢ᭷↓ࢆグ㘓ࡋࠊ୍㒊ࡢಶయࢆ㝖ࡁᨺὶࡋࡓࠋ ࡲࡓࠊ5 ᭶ 10 ᭶ࡢㄪᰝ࡛ࡣ࣐࣮࢟ࣥࢢἲࢆ⏝࠸࡚⏕ᜥ㔞ࢆ᥎ᐃࡋࡓࠋᐇ㦂ᐊᣢࡕᖐࡗ ࡓᢪ༸ಶయࡣ║ᐇయ㢧ᚤ㙾ୗ࡛༸ᩘࢆィᩘࡍࡿྠࠊ ࡑࡢ࠺ࡕ 50 ༸ࢆ㑅ࡧฟࡋ༸ᚄ ࢆ ᐃࡋࡓࠋྠࠊㄪᰝᾏᇦࡢỈ㉁㸦pH㸧࠾ࡼࡧẼἻ୰ࡢ◲≀㔞ࡶ ᐃࡋࡓࠋ ᅗ 1 ◲㯤ᓥᾏᇦ࡛᥇㞟ࡉࢀࡓ Xenograpsus testudineatus Ng, Huang & Ho, 2000 ᅗ 2 ⏕ᜥᾏᇦᾏᗏࡢᵝᏊ 39 Biological Study of the Hydrothermal Crab, Xenograpsus testudinatus Ng, Huang & Ho, 2000 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Grapsidae) Inhabit in the Adjacent Water of Showa-Iwojima, Southern Japan ⤖ᯝ࠾ࡼࡧ⪃ᐹ ㄪᰝᾏᇦࡢ pH ್ࡣᖹᆒ 6.1±0.03㸦ࢹ࣮ࢱᩘ 11㸧㏻ᖖࡢᾏỈࡢ್㸦⣙ 8.3㸧ࡼࡾప࠸ ್ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋẼἻྵࡲࢀࡿ◲≀ࡣ 0.3ppm ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽ◲≀㔞 pH ࡢ㛫 ࡣఱࡽࡢ㛵ಀࡀணࡉࢀࡿࡀࠊ ᅇࡣㄪᰝ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ᚋㄪᰝࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ 5 ᭶ࡢㄪᰝ࡛ࡣ࢜ࢫ 365 ಶయࠊ࣓ࢫ 93 ಶయࡀ᥇㞟ࡉࢀࠊ࣐࣮࢟ࣥࢢἲࡼࡿ⥲⏕ᜥᩘࡣ 3,717 ಶయ୪ࡧ 3,258 ಶయ᥎ᐃࡉࢀࡓࠋ10 ᭶ࡢㄪᰝ࡛ࡣ࢜ࢫ 351 ಶయࠊ࣓ࢫ 52 ಶయࡀ ᥇㞟ࡉࢀࠊ⥲⏕ᜥᩘࡣ 3,147 ಶయ᥎ᐃࡉࢀࡓࠋᚑࡗ࡚ࠊᮏ✀ࡣ◲㯤ᓥ༡ഃᾏ㠃ࡢ ⣙ 100m×50m ࡢ㝈ࡽࢀࡓ⠊ᅖ 3,100㹼3,700 ಶయࡀ⏕ᜥࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ ᢪ༸ಶయࡀ 5 ᭶☜ㄆࡉࢀ 8 ᭶ࡣ☜ㄆࡉࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࡇࡽᮏ✀ࡢ⏘༸ᮇࡣࡢ࣡ ࢞ࢽ⛉ྠᵝࠊ㹼ึኟ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ⏥㛗⤌ᡂࡢᏘ⠇ኚࢆࡳࡿࠊ10 ᭶ ᑠᆺಶయࡢຍධࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࠊࡑࡢᚋࠊ㞝࡛ࡣ⩣ࠎᖺࡢ 10 ᭶ࡲ࡛ࠊ㞤࡛ࡣ⩣ᖺࡢ 5 ᭶ࡲ࡛ ᫂░࡞ࢧࢬ⩌ࡀぢ࠼ࡿࡇࡽࠊ 㞝ࡣ⣙ 2 ᖺࠊ 㞤ࡣ⣙ 1 ᖺ༙ࡢᑑ࡛࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋ ᮏ✀ࡢศᕸࡀỈ㉁ࠊ≉ప࠸ pH ್㛵㐃ࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸⪃࠼ࠊⅆᒣ⏤᮶ࡢẼἻࡀ ᄇฟࡍࡿ⟠ᡤࡢᩘಶయᩘࡢ㛵ಀࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓࡀࠊ᫂░࡞ṇࡢ┦㛵ࡣㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ࡋࡋ࡞ࡀࡽᮏ✀ࡢศᕸᵝᘧࡣ᫂ࡽ୍ᵝศᕸ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊἢᓊ㒊㞟୰ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀ ศࡗࡓࠋࡉࡽࠊἢᓊࡽ 20㹫㞳ࢀࡓἈྜ࡛ࡶ 4 ಶయ௨ୖฟ⌧ࡍࡿⅬࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡘἢᓊ 㒊ࡢಶయࡢ⏥㛗ࡀࠊἈྜࡢᆅⅬࡢಶయẚ࡚ࡁ࠸ഴྥࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢᆅⅬࡢ pH ್ࡣ 7.58ࠊ୪ࡧ 7.94 ㏆ഐࡢᆅⅬࡢࡑࢀࡼࡾపࡗࡓࠋᅇࡢㄪᰝ࡛ࡣࡲࡔ༑ศ࡛࠶ࡿ ࡢ࡛ࠊᚋࢢࣜࢵࢻㄪᰝ࡞ヲ⣽࡞ㄪᰝࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ᘬ⏝ᩥ⊩ JENG, M. S., CLARK, P. F. and NG, P. K. L. 2004a. The First Zoea, Megalopa, and First Crab Stage of the Hydrothermal Vent Crab, Xenograpsus testudinatus (Decapoda: Brachyura: Grapsoidea) and Systematic Implications for the Varunidae. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 24: 188-212. JENG, M. S., NG, N. K. and NG, P. K. L. 2004b. Hydrothermal Vent Crabs Feeds on Marine Snow. Nature, 432: 969. MCLAY, C. L. 2007. New Crabs from Hydrothermal Vents of the Kermadec Ridge Submarine Volcanoes, New Zealand: Gandalfus gen. nov. (Bythograeidae) and Xenograpsus (Varunidae) (Decapoda: Brachyura). Zootaxa, 1524: 1-22. NG, N. K., HUANG, J. F. and HO, P. H. 2000. Description of a New Species of Hydrothermal Crab, Xenograpsus testudinatus (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Grapsidae). In: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Marine Biology in Taiwan – Crustacean and Plankton Taxonomy, Ecology and Living Resources (Eds. HWANG, J. S., WANG, C. H. and CHAN, T. Y.), 191-199, Figs 1-3, National Taiwan Museum Special Series, No. 10, Taiwan. 40 SUZUKI Hiroshi, IWASAKI Tatsuki, UTSUNOMIYA Yu and IWAMOTO Amami NG, N. K., SUZUKI, H., SHIH, H. T., DEWA, S. I. and NG, P. K. L. 2014. The Hydrothermal Crab, Xenograpsus testudinatus Ng, Huang & Ho, 2000 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Grapsidae) in Southern Japan. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 127(2): 391-399. TAKEDA, M. and KURATA, Y. 1977. Crabs of the Ogasawara Islands. IV. A Collection Made at the New Volcanic Island, Nishino-Shima-Shinto, in 1975. Bulletin of National Science Museum (A) Zoology, 3(2): 91-111. Ṋ⏣ṇ࣭Ṋෆᏹྖ࣭Ⳣᘯ⾜ 1993㸬ࢽࢩࣀࢩ࣐࣍࢘࢟࢞ࢽࡢⓎぢ㸬⮬↛⎔ቃ⛉Ꮫ◊ ✲㸪6㸸59-64㸬 41 南太平洋海域調査研究報告 No.56（2015年3月） OCCASIONAL PAPERS No.56（March 2015） ᒇஂᓥ✀Ꮚᓥࡢ㨶㢮┦ㄪᰝ ᑠᯞᆂኴ࣭ྜྷ⏣᭸ᘯ࣭⏣௦㒓ᅜ࣭ᮏᮧᾈஅ Ichthyofaunal Surveys in Yakushima and Tanegashima Islands KOEDA Keita, YOSHIDA Tomohiro, TASHIRO Satokuni and MOTOMURA Hiroyuki 㮵ඣᓥᏛ⥲ྜ◊✲༤≀㤋 Kagoshima University Museum せ᪨ 2014 ᖺ 9 ᭶ 16 ᪥ࡽ 22 ᪥ࡅ࡚✀Ꮚᓥࠊ2014 ᖺ 12 ᭶ 25 ᪥ࡽ 28 ᪥ࡅ࡚ᒇஂᓥ࠾ ࠸࡚₯Ỉࠊ㔮ࡾࡼࡿᶆᮏ᥇㞟ᕷሙ࡛ࡢᶆᮏ㞟ࢆేࡏࡓ㨶㢮┦ㄪᰝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ ✀Ꮚᓥࡽ 192 ✀ 429 ಶయࠊᒇஂᓥࡽ 54 ✀ 82 ಶయࡀ᥇㞟ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡇࡢ࠺ࡕࠊ✀Ꮚᓥࡽ᥇㞟 ࡉࢀࡓ࣑࢘ࣄࢦᒓࡢ 1 ✀ࡣ᪥ᮏᮍグ㘓✀ࠊᒇஂᓥ࡛᥇㞟ࡉࢀࡓࢦ࣐ࢲᒓࡢ 1 ✀ࡣࠊ᪤▱ ࡢྠᒓ✀ࡣྠᐃ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡇࡽᮍグ㍕✀㸦᪂✀㸧࡛࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ ࡣࡌࡵ 㮵ඣᓥᏛ⥲ྜ◊✲༤≀㤋ࡀᑟࡍࡿ㏆ᖺࡢ⌰⌫ิᓥ࠾ࡅࡿ㨶㢮Ꮫ⾡ㄪᰝ ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊྠ࿘㎶ᾏᇦࡢ㨶㢮ከᵝᛶ㨶㢮┦ࡢ≉ᚩࡀゎ᫂ࡉࢀࡘࡘ࠶ࡿࠋ༡㛗࠸ ⌰⌫ิᓥ࡛ࡣᙉ࡞㯮₻ࡑࢀࢆྲྀࡾᕳࡃ」㞧࡞ᾏὶࡀᓥᕋࡈᅛ᭷ࡢ㨶㢮┦ࢆ ࡾࡔࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀศࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࡇࢀࡲ࡛ᾏỈ㨶࠾ࡅࡿ⏕≀ᆅ⌮ቃ⏺⥺ࡣࠊ ῐỈ㨶ࡸከࡃࡢ㝣ୖ⏕≀ྠᵝࢺ࢝ࣛิᓥ⨨ࡍࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡀࠊ᭱㏆ࡢ ㄪᰝࡢ⤖ᯝࡽࠊྠቃ⏺⥺ࡣᒇஂᓥ◲㯤ᓥ㸩➉ᓥ㸩✀Ꮚᓥࡢ㛫⨨ࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ 㧗࠸ࡇࡀ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓ㸦ᮏᮧ 2013, 2014, 2015㸧 ࠋ㝮ㅖᓥෆ⨨ࡍࡿቃ⏺⥺ࡢ Ꮡᅾ⨨ࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊᅇࡣᒇஂᓥ✀Ꮚᓥ࠾ࡅࡿ㨶㢮ࡢ㏣ຍㄪᰝࢆ ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ 42 KOEDA Keita, YOSHIDA Tomohiro, TASHIRO Satokuni and MOTOMURA Hiroyuki ᪉ἲ 2014 ᖺ 9 ᭶ 16 ᪥ࡽ 22 ᪥ࡅ࡚✀Ꮚᓥࠊ2014 ᖺ 12 ᭶ 25 ᪥ࡽ 28 ᪥ࡅ࡚ ᒇஂᓥ࠾࠸࡚ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᓥࡢ㨶㢮┦ㄪᰝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ ᒇஂᓥ࡛ࡣ₯Ỉㄪᰝࡢࡳࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ ✀Ꮚᓥ࡛㔮⋓ࡋࡓಶయࡸᕷሙ࡛㉎ධࡋࡓಶయࡶేࡏ࡚ᶆᮏࡋࡓࠋ ✀Ꮚᓥ࡛ࡣࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛㨶㢮┦ࢆ㔜Ⅼⓗㄪᰝࡋ࡚ࡁࡓᓥࡢ㒊ࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊᓥࡢ ୰㒊㸦୰✀Ꮚ⏫∾ᕝ⁺ Ἀ 30މ1ࠊ(މ㸧༡㒊㸦༡✀Ꮚ⏫➉ᓮ⁺ Ἀ 30މ1ࠊ (މ㸧ࢆ᪂ࡓ࡞ㄪᰝᆅⅬࡋ࡚㑅ᐃࡋࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢᆅⅬ࠾࠸࡚㨶㢮ࡢ᥇㞟ࢆ࠾ࡇ ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣ␗࡞ࡿ⎔ቃ࡛᥇㞟ࡍࡿࡇ࡛ࠊࡼࡾከᵝ࡞✀ࢆᚓࡿࡓࡵ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᕷሙ ㄪᰝ࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊ୰✀Ꮚ⏫ࡢ⇃㔝⁺ 㸦30މ1ࠊ(މ㸧ࡸ༡✀Ꮚ⏫ࡢᓥ㛫 㸦30މ1ࠊ (މ㸧࡞୰༡㒊ࡢ⁺ ✚ᴟⓗ㊊ࢆ㐠ࡧࠊ㨶ࢆ㞟ࡋࡓࠋᒇஂᓥ࡛ࡣࠊᓥࡢ す⨨ࡍࡿ 2 ࣧᡤࢆㄪᰝᆅⅬࡋ࡚㑅ᐃࡋࠊࢫࢡ࣮ࣂࡼࡗ࡚㨶㢮ࡢ᥇㞟ࢆ࠾ࡇ ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ₯Ỉㄪᰝࡼࡗ࡚ᚓࡓಶయࢆ࢚࣮ࣞࢩ࡛ࣙࣥ⏕ࡋࡓࡲࡲࠊᕷሙㄪᰝ࠾ࡼࡧ㔮ࡾ ࡼࡗ࡚ᚓࡓಶయࢆࢡ࣮࣮ࣛ࣎ࢵࢡࢫ࡛ị෭ࡋ࡚ᐟᣢࡕᖐࡾࠊᶆᮏⓏ㘓ࠊ✀ྠᐃࠊ DNA ⏝➽⫗ษ∦ࡢ᥇ྲྀࠊᅛᐃ࠸ࡗࡓసᴗຍ࠼ࠊᒎ㫅ᶆᮏ┿ࡢᙳࢆ㐺ᐅ࠾ࡇ ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ࡞࠾ࠊ ⌧ᆅ࡛ࡢᶆᮏฎ⌮ࡸ┿ࡢᙳࡀྍ⬟࡞ᆺࡢಶయ㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ Ꮫᦙ㏦ࡋࡓᚋྠᵝࡢฎ⌮ࢆ࠾ࡇ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ⤖ᯝ ✀Ꮚᓥࡢ୰㒊࠾ࡼࡧ༡㒊࠾ࡅࡿ 5 ᪥㛫ࡢ₯Ỉㄪᰝࡼࡾ 97 ✀ 211 ಶయࡢᶆᮏࢆ ᥇㞟ࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋࡇࡢ࠺ࡕࠊࣇࢳࢻࣜࢱࢼࣂࢱ࢘࢜ Acanthoplesiops psilogasterࠊ ࢝ࢡࣞࢸࣥࢪࢡࢲ Apogonichthyoides timorensisࠊ ࢶ࣐ࢢࣟࣁࢱ࣏ࣥ Pempheris japonicaࠊ ࣍ࢯ࢘ࣂ࢘࢜ Pherallodus indicusࠊࣛࢯࢥࢣࢠ࣏ࣥ Neoclinus okazakiiࠊ࢜ࢧࣁࢠ Brachaluteres ulvarumࠊࢺࣄࢤࣔࢪࣕࣁࢮ Barbuligobius boehlkeiࠊࣜࣗ࢘࢟ࣗ࢘ࢱ ࢳ࢘࢜ Alionematichthys riukiuensisࠊࢶ࣐ࢪࣟࣔࣥ࢞ࣛ Sufflamen chrysopterum ࡞ࠊ ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ᓥ㒊࡛ࡣ᥇㞟ࡉࢀ࡚ࡇ࡞ࡗࡓ✀ࢆᩘከࡃᚓࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ」ᩘ ᅇ࠾ࡇ࡞ࡗࡓᓥ㒊࠾ࡅࡿ₯Ỉㄪᰝ࡛ࡶࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛᥇㞟ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞ࡗࡓ࣒ࣛࢧ ࣓ࣔࣥ࢞ࣛ Rhinecanthus aculeatus ࡸࢡࣛ࢝ࢣࣔࣥ࢞ࣛ Rhinecanthus verrucosus ࠸ࡗ ࡓ✀ࡶᚓࡽࢀࡓࠋ 㔮ࡾࡼࡿ᥇㞟࡛ࡣࠊ23 ✀ 65 ಶయࡀ᥇㞟ࡉࢀࠊࡇࡢ࠺ࡕࢢࣝࢡ࣐ Rastrelliger kanagurta ࡣศᕸࡢ㝈ࢆ᭦᪂ࡍࡿᶆᮏ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ᕷሙ࠾ࡅࡿㄪᰝ࡛ࡣࠊ࢘ࢳ࣡ࢨ࣓ Platyrhina sinensisࠊ࣒࢜࢝ࣟ Decapterus tablࠊ ࣐ࢲࣛࣁࢼࢲ Holanthias borboniusࠊ࣍ࢩࢦࣥ࣋ Paracirrhites forsteriࠊࣄ࣓ࢲ Pristipomoides sieboldiiࠊ࢜ࢲ Paracaesio caeruleaࠊ࢜ࢽࣄࣛࢪ Caranx papuensis ࡞ࠊ ࡇࢀࡲ࡛㒊ࡢすஅ⾲㨶㢮ᕷሙ࡛ࡣࡳࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓ✀ࢆ㞟ࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ 43 Ichthyofaunal Surveys in Yakushima and Tanegashima Islands ࡞࡛ࡶࠊ2 ಶయࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓ࣑࢘ࣄࢦᒓࡢ 1 ✀ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏᮍグ㘓✀࡛࠶ࡿࡶࠊ ศᕸࡢ㝈ࢆ᭦᪂ࡍࡿࡇࡀ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࠋᮏ✀ࡣࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࢫ࣐ࢺࣛᓥࠊࢫࣛ࢘ ࢙ࢩᓥࠊࣝࢯࣥᓥ࡛ࡣᶆᮏࡢ᥇㞟ࡀ࠶ࡿࡶࡢࡢࠊ࠸ࡎࢀࡶಶయᩘࡀᑡ࡞࠸ࠋࡼࡾ ༡᪉⨨ࡍࡿ⌰⌫ิᓥࡢᓥᕋ⩌ࡽグ㘓ࡢ࡞࠸ᮏ✀ࡀࠊ✀Ꮚᓥ࠾࠸࡚᥇㞟ࡉࢀࡓ ࡇࡣࠊᮏㄪᰝ࠾ࡅࡿ≉➹ࡍࡁ⤖ᯝ࡛࠶ࡿ࠸࠼ࡿࠋ ᒇஂᓥ࡛ࡣ 3 ᪥㛫ࡢࢫࢡ࣮ࣂࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ᥇㞟ࡼࡾ 54 ✀ 82 ಶయࡢᶆᮏࢆᚓࡿࡇࡀ ฟ᮶ࡓࠋࡇࢀࡲ࡛ MOTOMURA et al.㸦2010㸧ࡣᶆᮏỈ୰┿ᇶ࡙ࡁ 958 ✀ࢆሗ࿌ࡋࠊ ࡑࡢᚋ MOTOMURA and AIZAWA㸦2011㸧࡞ࠊ」ᩘࡢሗ࿌ࡀ┦ḟࡂࠊ⌧ᅾࡲ࡛ᒇஂᓥ ࡽ࠾ࡼࡑ 1,000 ✀ࡢ㨶㢮ࡢศᕸࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᅇࡢㄪᰝ࡛᥇㞟ࡉࢀࡓᶆᮏࡢ ࠺ࡕࠊࢦ࣐ࢲ⛉ࢦ࣐ࢲᒓࡢ 1 ✀㸦ᅗ 1㸧ࡣࠊ⫼㫅 11 Ჲ 14 ㌾᮲ࠊ⮌㫅 2 Ჲ 14 ㌾᮲ࠊ⦪ิ㫣 63㹼68 ᯛࠊ⬚㫅 18㹼19 ㌾᮲ࠊ㢌㒊⫼㠃ࡢࡰᇦᚤᑠ࡞Ꮝჾิ ࡀከᩘᩓᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࠊ࠾ࡼࡧయഃࡀ㯤Ⰽࡽ〓Ⰽ࡛యഃ୰ኸኴ࠸㯮Ⰽᖏࡀධࡿ ࡇ࡞ࡢ≉ᚩࡢ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏࡀࠊ᪤▱✀␗࡞ࡿࡇࡽᮍグ㍕✀࡛࠶ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ 㧗࠸ࠋྠ✀ᛮࢃࢀࡿᶆᮏࡀ✀Ꮚᓥᾆ⏣Ἀࡽࡶ᥇㞟ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ⌧ᅾ◊✲ࡀ㐍ࡵࡽࢀ ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ᅗ 1 ᒇஂᓥࡽ᥇㞟ࡉࢀࡓࢦ࣐ࢲ⛉ࢦ࣐ࢲᒓࡢ 1 ✀ 44 KOEDA Keita, YOSHIDA Tomohiro, TASHIRO Satokuni and MOTOMURA Hiroyuki ࢸࣥࢪࢡࢲ⛉ࡢ࢘ࢫࢪ࣐ࢩࣔࢳ Ostorhinchus angustatus ࣑ࣖࢸࣥࢪࢡࢲ Apogon semiornatusࠊ࣋ࣛ⛉ࡢࢶ࢟ࣀ࣡ࢺࣄ࢟࣋ࣛ Cirrhilabrus lunatus ࢜ࣁࢢࣟ࣋ ࣛᒓࡢ 1 ✀ Pteragogus enneacanthus ࡣࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛Ỉ୰┿ࡢࡳグ㘓ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾᶆᮏ ᇶ࡙ࡃึグ㘓࡞ࡗࡓࠋࣚ࢘ࢪ࢘࢜⛉ࣄ࣓ࢺࢤ࣑࢘ࣖࢵࢥ Halicampus spinirostris ࡣࠊ ᯇࡽ㸦2013㸧ࡼࡗ࡚ึࡵ࡚᪥ᮏࡽグ㘓ࡉࢀࡓ⛥✀࡛࠶ࡿࠋ᪥ᮏࡽࡣࠊࡇࢀࡲ ࡛␃ၥᓥㄽᓥࡽࡑࢀࡒࢀ 1 ಶయࡎࡘᮍᡂ㨶ࡀ᥇㞟ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡳ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ ᒇஂᓥ⏘ࡢᶆᮏࡣᮏ✀ࡢ㝈グ㘓࡛࠶ࡿࡶ 3 ┠ࡢグ㘓࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡉࡽࠊ ᮏㄪᰝ࡛᥇㞟ࡉࢀࡓᶆᮏࡣࠊ ᶆ‽య㛗 119.6 mm ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢ 2 ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚ࡁࡃࠊ 㢌㒊ࡢᲲࡀࡼࡃⓎ㐩ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡽᡂ㨶࡛࠶ࡿุ᩿࡛ࡁࡓࠋࢸࣥࢪࢡࢲ⛉ࢡࢲ ࣜ࣎࢘ࢬࢠࢫࣔࢻ࢟ Pseudamiops gracilicauda ࡣࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛⨾ᓥ௨༡ࡽᶆᮏࡀ ᚓࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡀࠊᮏㄪᰝ࡛ᚓࡽࢀࡓ 1 ಶయࡼࡗ࡚ࠊᚑ᮶ࡢሗ࿌ࡼࡾ㝈ࢆ᭦᪂ࡍࡿ ࡇ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ௨ୖࡢࡼ࠺ࠊ✀Ꮚᓥࠊᒇஂᓥ࡛ࡢ₯Ỉసᴗࢆక࠺ᶆᮏ᥇㞟ࡼࡾࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛୧ᓥ ࡛᥇㞟ࡉࢀ࡚ࡇ࡞ࡗࡓ㨶✀ࡀᩘከࡃ᥇㞟ࡉࢀࡓࡇຍ࠼ࠊᮍグ㍕✀ࡸ᪥ᮏᮍグ㘓 ࡢ✀ࢆ᥇㞟ࡍࡿࡇࡀฟ᮶ࡓࠋ ᘬ⏝ᩥ⊩ ᯇ⍞ᶞ࣭℩⬟ ᏹ࣭ᮏᮧᾈஅ 2013㸬⌰⌫ิᓥࡽᚓࡽࢀࡓ᪥ᮏึグ㘓ࡢࣚ࢘ࢪ࢘ ࢜⛉ࣄ࣓ࢺࢤ࣑࢘ࣖࢵࢥ㸦᪂⛠㸧Halicampus spinirostris㸬㨶㢮Ꮫ㞧ㄅ㸪60㸸157-161㸬 ᮏᮧᾈஅ 2013㸬ᒇஂᓥࡢ㨶㢮┦ࡢㅦ㸬ᝆஂࡢࢆ้ࡴᒇஂᓥ㸬᭶หࢲࣂ࣮㸪391㸸 128-134㸬 ᮏᮧᾈஅ 2014㸬㮵ඣᓥࡢ㨶㢮㸬ࡈࡋࡲ᥈ゼ➨ 19 ᅇ㸬㮵ࢪ࣮ࣕࢼࣝ㸪195㸸19㸬 ᮏᮧᾈஅ 2015㸬⌰⌫ิᓥࡢ㨶㢮ከᵝᛶ㸬༡すㅖᓥࡢ㨶㢮ከᵝᛶ㸪ࡑࡢᡂ❧ಖ㸬 ࢚ࢥࣟࢪ࣮ㅮᗙ 8㸦᪥ᮏ⏕ែᏛ⦅㸧 㸪༡᪉᪂♫㸪㮵ඣᓥ㸦༳ๅ୰㸧 㸬 MOTOMURA, H. and AIZAWA, M. 2011. Illustrated List of Additions to the Ichthyofauna of Yaku-Shima Island, Kagoshima Prefecture, Southern Japan: 50 New Records from the Island. Check List, 7: 448-457. MOTOMURA, H., KURIIWA, K., KATAYAMA, E., SENOU, H., OGIHARA, G., MEGURO, M., MATSUNUMA, M., TAKATA, Y., YOSHIDA, T., YAMASHITA, M., KIMURA, S., ENDO, H., MURASE, A., IWATSUKI, Y., SAKURAI, Y., HARAZAKI, S., HIDAKA, K., IZUMI, H. and MATSUURA, K. 2010. Annotated Checklist of Marine and Estuarine Fishes of Yaku-Shima Island, Kagoshima, Southern Japan. In: Fishes of Yaku-Shima Island – A World Heritage Island in the Osumi Group, Kagoshima Prefecture, Southern Japan (Eds. MOTOMURA, H. and MATSUURA, K.), 65-248, National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo. 45 南太平洋海域調査研究報告 No.56（2015年3月） OCCASIONAL PAPERS No.56（March 2015） ᒇஂᓥ⁺༠࠾ࡅࡿࣚࢥ࣡᭥ࡁ⦖㔮ࡾࡢ ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡢ⤒⦋ㄢ㢟 㫽ᒃாྖ The Present Conditions and Problems of the Trolling Line in the Yakushima Fisheries Cooperative Association TORII Takashi 㮵ඣᓥᏛỈ⏘Ꮫ㒊 Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University せ᪨ 2014 ᖺᗘࡢㄪᰝᴗ࡛ࡣࠊᒇஂᓥ࠾ࡅࡿࣚࢥ࣡᭥ࡁ⦖㔮ࡾ⁺ᴗࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡢᡂᯝㄢ㢟 ࡘ࠸࡚ศᯒࡋࡓࠋ2012 ᖺ A ♫ B ♫ࡼࡾࠊࣚࢥ࣡᥇ᤕࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ౫㢗ࡀ⁺༠ᐤࡏࡽࢀࡓࠋ ᒇஂᓥ࡛ࡣࣚࢥ࣡ࡢ᥇ᤕᐇ⦼ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡇࡽࠊ⁺༠࡛ࡣ⁺ᴗ⪅ᑐࡋ࡚チྍࢆྲྀᚓࡍࡿࡼ࠺ ಁࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࠊ53 㞘ࡀࣚࢥ࣡᥇ᤕチྍࢆྲྀᚓࡋࡓࠋ2 ♫ࡽࡣࠊィ 5,000 ᑿࡢ࣮࢜ࢲ࣮ࡀධࡗ࡚ ࠾ࡾࠊ1,750 ࡢ⤒῭ຠᯝࡀぢ㎸ࡲࢀࡿࠋࣚࢥ࣡ࡢ᥇ᤕᮇࡣࠊ℩≀୍ᮏ㔮ࡾࡢ㛩ᩓᮇ ┦ᙜࡍࡿࡇࡽࠊ⁺ᴗ⪅ࡢᮇᚅࡣ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠋࡋࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ2014 ᖺࡣ⁺⋓ᐇ⦼ࢆᚓࡿࡇࡣ ฟ᮶࡞ࡗࡓࠋWCPFC ࡛ࡶᣦࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺ࠊኴᖹὒࡢࢡ࣐ࣟࢢࣟ㈨※ࡣࡁࡃῶᑡࡋ࡚ ࠸ࡿࠋࡘ࡚ࣚࢥ࣡ࢆᏳᐃ᥇ᤕ࡛ࡁࡓ㮵ඣᓥ┴㏆ᾏ࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊ⁺ࡀ⥆࠸࡚࠸ࡿࠋࣚࢥ࣡ࢆ ᑐ㇟ࡋࡓ᭥ࡁ⦖㔮ࡾ⁺ᴗࡀࠊᒇஂᓥࡢ⁺ᴗ⤒ႠࢆᏳᐃࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡣࠊ⌧ᅾࡢࡇࢁࡁࡃࡣ ࡞࠸ุ᩿ࡏࡊࡿࢆᚓ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ ㄪᰝࡢ┠ⓗ ㏆ᖺࠊࢡ࣐ࣟࢢࣟࡢ㣴Ṫ⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡿኳ↛✀ⱑࡿつไᙉࠊࣚࢥ࣡᭥ࡁ⦖ 㔮ࡾࡢ⁺ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ㣴Ṫ✀ⱑࡢ☜ಖࡀᏳᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇ࠺ࡋࡓ࡞ࠊ㣴Ṫᴗ⪅ ࡢ࡞ࡣ✀ⱑ☜ಖࡢ⠊ᅖࢆᗈࡆࡓࡾࠊྲྀᘬ㛵ಀࢆᙉࡋࡓࡾࡍࡿࡇࡼࡗ࡚✀ⱑ ࡢᏳᐃ☜ಖࢆ┠ᣦࡍࢣ࣮ࢫࡀࡳࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡗࡓࠋ୍᪉ࠊ࿘㎶ᾏᇦ࠾࠸࡚ࣚࢥ࣡ ࡢ᥇ᤕࡀぢ㎸ࡵࡿᆅᇦ࡛ࡣࠊ2014 ᖺ 4 ᭶ࡽࡢࣚࢥ࣡᭥ࡁ⦖㔮ࡾࡢ⮬⏤⁺ᴗࡽᢎㄆ 46 TORII Takashi ไࡢ⛣⾜ྜࢃࡏ࡚ࠊ᥇ᤕチྍࢆ᪂つྲྀᚓࡋࠊᆅᇦࡢ⁺ᴗ⯆ࢆ┠ᣦࡍࢣ࣮ࢫࡶ ᩓぢࡉࢀࡿࠋ 2014 ᖺᗘࡢㄪᰝᴗ࡛ࡣࠊ㮵ඣᓥ┴ᒇஂᓥ⁺༠ࢆࠊࣚࢥ࣡᭥ࡁ⦖㔮ࡾ⁺ᴗ ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡢ⤒⦋ࠊ࠾ࡼࡧࠊᡂᯝㄢ㢟ࡘ࠸࡚ศᯒࡋࡓࠋ ᒇஂᓥ࠾ࡅࡿࣚࢥ࣡᭥ࡁ⦖㔮ࡾ⁺ᴗࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ ⤒⦋ ⁺ᴗ⤒Ⴀࡀ࠾ࡋ࡞࡚పㄪ᥎⛣ࡍࡿ࡞ࠊ2012 ᖺ A ♫ B ♫ࡼࡾࠊࣚࢥ࣡ ᥇ᤕࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ౫㢗ࡀ⁺༠ᐤࡏࡽࢀࡓࠋ ᒇஂᓥ㏆ᾏ࡛ࡣࠊ௨๓ࡼࡾ 1kg ๓ᚋࡢࣚࢥ࣡ࡀ⁺⋓ࡉࢀࡿᐇ⦼ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ୍‖ᆅ༊ ࡛ࡣࠊ1 ᭶ࡽ 3 ᭶ࡅ࡚࣐ࣝࢯ࢘ࢲ⁺ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡀࠊࡑࡢ㝿ࣚࢥ࣡ࡢΰ⋓ ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡇࡽࠊ⁺༠ࡣᒇஂᓥ㏆ᾏ࡛ࡶࣚࢥ࣡ࡢ᥇ᤕࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿุ᩿ࡋࡓࠋ ᭥ࡁ⦖㔮ࡾࡼࡿࣚࢥ࣡᥇ᤕࡣ 2014 ᖺ 4 ᭶ࡼࡾᢎㄆไ࡞ࡿࡇࡽࠊ⁺༠࡛ࡣ ⁺ᴗ⪅ᑐࡋ࡚チྍࢆྲྀᚓࡍࡿࡼ࠺ಁࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࠊ53 㞘ࡀࣚࢥ࣡᥇ᤕࡢチྍࢆྲྀᚓ ࡋࡓࠋ ィ⏬ ࣔࢪࣕࢥ⁺ࡢ⤊ᚋࠊ6 ᭶ࡽ 7 ᭶ࡅ࡚ࣚࢥ࣡ࢆ᥇ᤕࠊ୍‖ ࡢධࡾཱྀ㏆ 㸦Ỉ῝ 5m㸧タ⨨ࡍࡿ㥆⮴ࢣࢫ 5 ᪥ࡽ 1 㐌㛫⨨ࡁࠊά㨶⯪࡛㐠ᦙࡍࡿ ィ⏬࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࣚࢥ࣡ࡢᅇ㐟ࡍࡿᾏᇦࡀ᫂☜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡓࡵࠊ㞳ᓥ⁺ᴗ⏕ 㔠ࡢ࠺ࡕ 150 ࢆࡇࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳά⏝ࡋ࡚⁺ሙࢆ᥈⣴ࡍࡿࠋ᥇ᤕࡋࡓࣚࢥ࣡ࡣࠊ A ♫ B ♫ࡀ 1 ᑿ࠶ࡓࡾ 3,500 ࡛㈙࠸ྲྀࡿࡇ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ 2014 ᖺ 5 ᭶ึ᪪ࠊ10 ྡࡢ⁺ᴗ⪅ࡀ A ♫࠾࠸࡚ᢏ⾡◊ಟࢆᐇࡋࡓࠋ࣐ࣝࢯ ࢘ࢲ⁺ఝࡓ⁺ἲ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ⁺⋓ࡢᮇᚅࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࡇࡽࠊ㥆⮴⏝ࡢࢣࢫࠊ₯⯟ ᯈ࡞ࡢ⁺ලࡢ‽ഛࢆᛴ࠸ࡔࠋ ࡑࡢᚋࠊ4 㞘ࡽ 5 㞘ࡢ⁺⯪ࡀࣚࢥ࣡㈨※ࡢ᥈ᰝࢆᐇࡋࡓࠋᒇஂᓥࡢ⁺ᴗ⪅ࡣࠊ 6 ᭶ᮎࡽ 7 ᭶ᮎࡅ࡚ࣚࢥ࣡㔮ࡾࢆࡋࡓࡇࡣ࡞ࡗࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊ㯮₻㝈ࡢቃ⏺ ࠶ࡓࡾࣚࢥ࣡ࡀᅇ㐟ࡍࡿࡇࢆ⤒㦂ࡽᏛࢇ࡛࠸ࡓࡇࡶ࠶ࡾࠊ୍‖ᆅ༊ࡢ⁺ᴗ⪅ ࡣ㯮₻ࡢ㝈ࠊᏳᡣᆅ༊ࡢ⁺ᴗ⪅ࡣ㯮₻ࡢෆഃࢆ≺ࡗ࡚ࣚࢥ࣡ࢆ᥈ᰝࡋࡓࠋ ࡋࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ2014 ᖺࡣ⁺⋓ᐇ⦼ࢆᚓࡿࡇࡣฟ᮶࡞ࡗࡓࠋࣚࢥ࣡᥇ᤕࢆ┠ⓗ ⤌ࢇࡔண⟬ 150 ࡶࠊࢇᾘࡍࡿࡇ࡞ࡃ⤊ࢃࡗࡓࠋ⁺༠ࡸ⁺ᴗ⪅ࠊA ♫ࡸ B ♫ࡣ㛗ᮇⓗどⅬ࡛ᮏᴗࢆᤊ࠼࡚࠾ࡾࠊᚋࡶྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࢆ⥅⥆ࡍࡿணᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ 2015 ᖺࡣࣔࢪࣕࢥ⁺ࡀ⤊ࢃࡿ 5 ᭶ࡼࡾࣚࢥ࣡㈨※ࡢ᥈⣴ࢆ㛤ጞࡍࡿࠋ 47 The Present Conditions and Problems of the Trolling Line in the Yakushima Fisheries Cooperative Association ࡲࡓࠊ㮵ඣᓥ┴ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊ୍‖ ࡢἈྜᾏᇦ㸦Ỉ῝ 27m 㸧㜵Ἴሐࡢタᐃࢆ ౫㢗ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⌧ᅾࠊ㥆⮴⏝ࢣࢫࢆ‴ෆタᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ⏕άỈࡸ㞵Ỉ࡞ࡀ ὶධࡍࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢᙳ㡪ࢆ࠺ࡅ࡞࠸ᾏᇦࢣࢫࢆタᐃࡋࡓ࠸⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊἼᾉ ࡢᙳ㡪ࡀᙉࡃࠊ㜵Ἴሐࡢタ⨨ࡀᚲせ࡞ࡿࠋከ㢠ࡢ㈝⏝ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ࠺࠼ࠊࢧࣥࢦ♋ ᾏᇦࡀᗈࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡽࠊ㜵Ἴሐタ⨨ࡢぢ㎸ࡳࡣ᫂░࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿᡂᯝㄢ㢟 A ♫ B ♫ࡽࡣࠊ ィ 5,000 ᑿࡢ࣮࢜ࢲ࣮ࡀධࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ ࡑࡢᩘ㔞ࢆ‶ࡓࡋࡓሙྜࠊ 1,750 ࡀ 53 ྡࡢ⁺ᴗ⪅ᨭᡶࢃࢀࡿࡇ࡞ࡿࠋ⁺ᴗ⪅ 1 ྡ࠶ࡓࡾ⣙ 33 ┦ᙜࡍࡿࠋ⇞Ἔ௦ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㞳ᓥ⁺ᴗ⏕㔠࡞ࢆά⏝ࡍࡿࡇࡽࠊ⁺ᴗ⪅ ⤒㈝㈇ᢸࡣⓎ⏕ࡋ࡞࠸ࠋࡲࡓࠊࣚࢥ࣡ࡀ᥇ᤕ࡛ࡁࡿᮇࡣࠊ℩≀୍ᮏ㔮ࡾࡢ㛩ᩓᮇ ┦ᙜࡍࡿࡇࡽࠊ⁺ᴗ⪅ࡢࣚࢥ࣡᭥ࡁ⦖㔮ࡾࡢᮇᚅࡣ㧗࠸ࠋ ࡓࡔࡋࠊWCPFC㸦୰す㒊ኴᖹὒࡲࡄࢁ㢮ጤဨ㸧࡛ࡶᣦࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺ࠊ ኴᖹὒࡢࢡ࣐ࣟࢢࣟ㈨※ࡣࡁࡃῶᑡࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡘ࡚ࣚࢥ࣡ࢆᏳᐃⓗ᥇ᤕ࡛ࡁࡓ ⸃ᦶ༙ᓥࡽ⏋ᓥิᓥࡅ࡚ࡢᾏᇦ࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊ2012 ᖺ௨㝆ࠊ⁺ࡀ⥆࠸࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࣚࢥ࣡ࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࡓ᭥ࡁ⦖㔮ࡾ⁺ᴗࡀࠊᒇஂᓥࡢ⁺ᴗ⤒ႠࢆᏳᐃࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡣࠊ ⌧ᅾࡢࡇࢁࡁࡃࡣ࡞࠸ุ᩿ࡏࡊࡿࢆᚓ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ ᓥ ୍㞝࣭㜝 ᳃Ọ ᩥጾ࣭๓⏣ᫀㄪ࣭ᮌᮧఙ࿃࣭బᏹᶞ࣭ᱜᮏ⨾࣭ᮎỌⰾ⨾࣭㛗㔝 ࣭ඵᮌಙ⾜࣭ᒣ୰ⱥ᫂⦅ ❶࣭ 2012㸬᭱᪂Ỉ⏘ࣁࣥࢻࣈࢵࢡ㸪720 㡫㸪ㅮㄯ ♫㸪ᮾி㸬 ➉ෆಇ㑻࣭୰⏣ⱥ࣭⏣ኵ࣭ୖ⏣ ᏹ࣭᭷ඖ㈗ᩥ࣭Ώ㒊⤊࣭୰๓ ᫂⦅ 2010㸬 ᨵゞỈ⏘ᾏὒࣁࣥࢻࣈࢵࢡ㸪629 㡫㸪⏕≀◊✲♫㸪ᮾி㸬 㫽ᒃாྖ 2014㸬ᅜ⏘㣴Ṫࢡ࣐ࣟࢢ࣭ࣟ⏘ᆅࡈࡢ㈨※⟶⌮ࡢᑐᛂ㸬㣴Ṫࣅࢪࢿࢫ㸪 649㸸3-6㸬 㫽ᒃாྖ࣭బ㔝㞞 2004㸬ἢᓊ⁺ᴗ࠾ࡅࡿ᪂つཧධࡢ᮲௳ㄢ㢟㸫㮵ඣᓥ┴ᒇஂ ⏫⁺༠࣭ࢺࣅ࣮࢘࢜ࣟࣉ᭥ࡁ⁺ᴗࢆࡋ࡚㸫㸬ᆅᇦ⁺ᴗ◊✲㸪49㸦1㸧 㸸99-115㸬 ᒣᮏᑦಇ࣭㔝ៅ୍ 2014㸬ᅜෆ࣐ࢢࣟ㣴Ṫᴗ࠾ࡅࡿᡭ㈨ᮏࡢཧධ࣭⏕⏘ᐇໃ ᕷሙᵓ㐀㸬⁺ᴗ⤒῭◊✲㸪28㸦2㸧 㸸8-9㸬 49 南太平洋海域調査研究報告 No.56（2015年3月） OCCASIONAL PAPERS No.56（March 2015） ᒇஂᓥ✀Ꮚᓥࡢほගࡢ⌧≧ ᱓ཎᏘ㞝 Present Situation of Tourism in Yakushima and Tanegashima Islands KUWAHARA Sueo 㮵ඣᓥᏛἲᩥᏛ㒊 Faculty of Law, Economics and Humanities, Kagoshima University せ᪨ 㮵ඣᓥ┴ࡢ㝮ㅖᓥࢆᵓᡂࡍࡿᒇஂᓥ✀Ꮚᓥࡢほගࡢᐇែࡣ࠺࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ ୡ⏺⮬↛㑇⏘ࡢᒇஂᓥࡢほගሗࡢࡳࡀ࣐ࢫࢥ࣑ࡸᵝࠎ࡞ሗㄅྲྀࡾୖࡆࡽࢀࡓࡾࡋ࡚ሗ࡛ ࠶ࡩࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡶ࠺୍᪉ࡢ✀Ꮚᓥࡢほගࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ࠶ࡲࡾ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ 㝮ㅖᓥࡢほගࡢࡁ࡞≉ᚩࡣࠊἈ⦖ࡸఀ㇋ㅖᓥࡢ࠸ࡃࡘࡢᓥࠎ㐪ࡗ࡚ࠊ1960 ᖺ௦௨㝆ࡢ ほගࡢࡁ࡞≉ᚩ࡛࠶ࡿ┿ࡢព࡛ࡢ࣐ࢫࢶ࣮ࣜࢬ࣒ࢆ⤒㦂ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸࠸࠺ࡇ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ ࣐ࢫࢶ࣮ࣜࢬ࣒ࡣࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛᪂ࡓ࡞⏘ᴗࡋ࡚ࠊྛᆅ࡛ほග㛤Ⓨࡀ᥎㐍ࡉࢀࡀࠊ1980 ᖺ௦ᚋ༙ ࡞ࡿࠊ࢜ࣝࢱ࣮ࢼࢸࣈ࣭ࢶ࣮ࣜࢬ࣒ࡋ࡚ࢢ࣮࣭ࣜࣥࢶ࣮ࣜࢬ࣒ࡸ࢚ࢥࢶ࣮ࣜࢬ࣒➼ࡢᴫᛕ ࡀᥦ♧ࡉࢀࠊ᪂ࡓ࡞ほග㛤Ⓨࡢᡓ␎ࡀᥦ㉳ࡉࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ᮏ✏࡛ࡣࠊ㝮ㅖᓥࡢ✀Ꮚᓥᒇஂᓥࡢほග↔Ⅼࢆᙜ࡚ࠊ㮵ඣᓥ┴ᓥᕋࡢほගయ⨨ ࡙ࡅ࡚ẚ㍑⪃ᐹࡋࠊࡑࡢ≉ᚩࡸᚋࡢᒎᮃࡘ࠸࡚㏙࡚ࡳࡓ࠸ࠋ ᒇஂᓥࡢほගࡢ⌧≧ 㮵ඣᓥᕷࡢ༡᪉ 135kmࠊ┴ᮏᅵࡢ༡᪉⣙ 60k㹫ࡢᾏୖ࠶ࡾࠊ࿘ᅖ 132kmࠊ㠃✚ ⣙ 500 ᖹ᪉࣓࣮࢟ࣟࢺࣝࠊேཱྀࡣ 1970 ᖺ⣙ 1 7 ༓ே࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡢࡀ 1990 ᖺࡽ ⌧ᅾࡲ࡛⣙ 1 3 ༓ே㸦2014 ᖺ 8 ᭶⌧ᅾ㸸ᒇஂᓥ⏫ᙺሙ㸧ࢆ⥔ᣢࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㮵ඣᓥࠊ 㜰ࠊ⚟ᒸࢆ⤖ࡪ⯟✵౽ࡢࠊ2 㞘ࡢࣇ࢙࣮ࣜ 5 㞘ࡢࢪ࢙ࢵࢺࣇ࢛ࣝࡀẖ᪥ 㐠⯟ࡋ࡚࠸࡚ࠊ㏻ࡢ౽ᛶࡣᴟࡵ࡚㧗࠸ࠋ 50 KUWAHARA Sueo ᒇஂᓥࡢධ㎸ᐈᩘࡣ 1984 ᖺࡽ 1988 ᖺࡲ࡛ 11㹼12 ேྎ࡛᥎⛣ࡋࡓࡀࠊ 1989 ᖺࠊ 㧗㏿⯪ࢺࢵࣆ࣮ࡢᑵ⯟ࡼࡾࠊ17 ேྎᛴቑࡋࡓࠋ1993 ᖺ 12 ᭶ᒇஂᓥࡀୡ⏺ ⮬↛㑇⏘Ⓩ㘓ࡉࢀࡓࡇࡼࡾࠊ ⩣ 1994 ᖺࡽධ㎸ᐈᩘࡀቑຍࡋࠊ 1995 ᖺࡽ 2002 ᖺࡲ࡛ࡢ㛫ࡣ 25 ࡽ 28 ேྎ࡛᥎⛣ࡋࠊ2003 ᖺึࡵ࡚ 30 ேྎࢆ✺◚ࡋࡓࠋ ᪂ࡓ㧗㏿⯪ࣟࢣࢵࢺࡀཧධࡋ➇ྜࡀጞࡲࡿ 2004 ᖺ௨㝆ࠊ30 ேྎࡢ๓༙࡛᥎⛣ࡋࠊ 2007 ᖺࡣ㐣ཤ᭱㧗ࡢ 40 ேྎࢆ✺◚ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢᚋࡣࠊ⌧ᅾࡲ࡛ࠊ30 ேྎ࡛᥎⛣ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡉࡽࠊ2009 ᖺࡣධ㎸ᐈᩘࡀ✀Ꮚᓥࡢධ㎸ᐈᩘࢆึࡵ࡚ୖᅇࡾࠊ⌧ᅾ ࡲ࡛ᒇஂᓥࡢ᪉ࡀ✀Ꮚᓥࢆୖᅇࡿഴྥࡀ⥆࠸࡚࠸ࡿࠋ✀Ꮚᓥࡣ 2011 ᖺ 30 ேࢆ ࡗࡓࡢᑐࡋࠊᒇஂᓥࡣ 30 ேྎࢆ⥔ᣢࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ௨ୖࡢࡼ࠺ࠊᒇஂᓥࡢධ㎸ᐈᩘࡣ 1980 ᖺ௦๓༙ࡲ࡛ࡣ᭱㧗࡛ࡶ 10 ࠶ࡲࡾ࡛ ᥎⛣ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡇࢁࡀࠊ1990 ᖺࢆቃᛴ⃭࡞ቑຍࡀࡳࡽࢀࠊ2007 ᖺᗘࡣ 40 ே ྎ㐩ࡋࡓࠋධ㎸ᐈࡣࠊᒇஂᓥࡢఫẸࡢ⏝ࡸฟᙇ➼ࡢࡼࡿ᮶ᓥ⪅ࡶྵࡲࢀ ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊయࡢ 65㹼70㸣ࡣほගᐈ᥎ᐃࡉࢀࡿࡇࡽࠊ30 ே㏆ࡃࡢほගᐈࡀ ᒇஂᓥࢆゼࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡞ࡿࠋࡃ᭱㏆࡛ࡣࠊ㧗㏿⯪ࡢቑ౽࡞࡛㏻ࢡࢭࢫ ࡀࡼࡃ࡞ࡾࠊ㛵ᮾࡽࡢࣃࢵࢡࢶ࣮⏬ࡢቑຍ࡞ࡢᙳ㡪ࡀࡁࡃࠊ࢚ࢥࢶ࣮࢞ ࢻࡸᐟἩタᩘࡶࡑࢀẚࡋ࡚ከࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ✀Ꮚᓥࡢほගࡢ⌧≧ ✀Ꮚᓥࡣ㮵ඣᓥᕷࡽ༡⣙ 115kmࠊ┴ᮏᅵࡢ༡⣙ 40km ⨨ࡋࠊ㠃✚ ⣙ 444 ᖹ᪉࣓࣮࢟ࣟࢺࣝࠊ ࿘ᅖ 186km ࡛ࠊ ⨾ᓥࠊ ᒇஂᓥḟ࠸࡛ 3 ␒┠ࡁࡃࠊ ᅜෆ࡛ࡣ 10 ␒┠ࡁ࠸ࠋᶆ㧗ࡣ᭱㧗ᆅⅬ࡛ 282m ࡋ࡞ࡃࠊ1,936m ࡢᒇஂᓥ ẚࡿᑐ↷ⓗ࡛࠶ࡿࠋேཱྀࡣ⣙ 3 3 ༓ே㸦2014 ᖺ⌧ᅾ㸧࡛ࠊ⨾ᓥḟ࠸࡛ 2 ␒┠ከ࠸ࠋ ✀Ꮚᓥࡢධ㎸ᐈᩘࡣࠊ1984 ᖺ㹼1989 ᖺࡲ࡛ࡣ 20 ேྎ࡛᥎⛣ࡋࠊ1990 ᖺ 30 ேྎ㐩ࡋࡓࠋ≉ 1989 ᖺࡢࢺࢵࣆ࣮ᑵ⯟ࡢຠᯝࡼࡾࠊ⯪࡛ࡢධ㎸ᐈᩘࡀ⯟✵ᶵ ࡢ 2 ಸᙅᛴቑࡋࠊ1991 ᖺࡣ⯪࡛ࡢධ㎸ᐈᩘࡀ 20 ேࢆ㉸࠼ࠊ⩣ 1992 ᖺࡣ 28 8 ༓ேࣆ࣮ࢡ㐩ࡋࡓࠋ୍᪉ࠊ⯟✵ᶵ࡛ࡢධ㎸ᐈࡣ 1986 ᖺࡽ 1993 ᖺࡲ࡛ 10 ேྎ࡛ࡁ࡞ኚࡣ࡞࠸ࠋᚑࡗ࡚ࠊධ㎸ᐈᩘࡢᖜ࡞ቑຍศࡣ㧗㏿⯪ࢺࢵࣆ࣮ࡢ ᑵ⯟ࡼࡿຠᯝ࡛࠶ࡿゝ࠼ࡿࠋ 1990 ᖺ㹼2004 ᖺࡲ࡛ࡣධ㎸ᐈᩘࡣ 30 ே㹼33 ேྎ࡛᥎⛣ࡋࠊ2007 ᖺࡣ⌧ᅾ ࡲ࡛࡛᭱㧗ࡢ 45 ேࡢධ㎸ᐈᩘࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢᖺࡢほගᐈᩘࡶ 15 ே㐣ཤ᭱㧗ࡢ ᩘᏐ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢ⫼ᬒࡣࠊ2004 ᖺ 12 ᭶㧗㏿⯪᪂ࡓࣟࢣࢵࢺࡀཧධࡋ ࡓࡇࡼࡾࠊࢺࢵࣆ࣮ࣟࢣࢵࢺࡢ 2 ♫㛫࡛౯᱁➇தࡀ㉳ࡇࡾࠊ㐠㈤ࡀᏳࡃ࡞ࡗࡓ ࡇࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀࡿࠋࡋࡋࠊ2008 ᖺࡽῶᑡ㌿ࡌࠊ2009 ᖺࡽࡣ๓ᖺࡲ࡛ࡢ 40 ேࡽ 30 ேࠊ୍Ẽ 10 ேࡢῶᑡࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ2011 ᖺ௨㝆ࡣ 30 ேࢆࡗࡓࠋ 2012 ᖺࡢ⤫ィࡣ 27 9 ༓ே࡛ࠊほගᐈࡢ᥎ィࡣ 9 4 ༓ே࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ 51 Present Situation of Tourism in Yakushima and Tanegashima Islands ⯪ࡢ⏝⪅ࡣ 1985 ᖺࡢ⣙ 11 ேࡽ 1990 ᖺࡽ 2000 ᖺࡣ 20㹼24 ே࡛᥎⛣ࡋࠊ 2005 ᖺ 36 ேྎᛴቑࡋࠊ2010 ᖺ 26 ேྎῶᑡࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ᭱ࡶᑡ࡞࠸ࡢࡀ 1986 ᖺࡢ⣙ 10 ேࠊ᭱ࡶከ࠸ࡢࡀ 2007 ᖺࡢ⣙ 41 ே࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ୍᪉ࠊ⯟✵ᶵࡣࠊ1985 ᖺ 9 6 ༓ேࡔࡗࡓࡢࡀࠊ2000 ᖺ 7 2 ༓ேࠊ2010 ᖺ ࡣ 4 ேᙅᖜῶᑡࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢ㛫ࠊ᭱ࡶᑡ࡞࠸ࡢࡀ 2011 ᖺࡢ 3 5 ༓ே࡛ࠊ ᭱ࡶከࡗࡓࡢࡀ 1991 ᖺࡢ 11 ேࡔࡗࡓࠋ⯪ࡢ⏝⪅ࡢቑຍ⯟✵ᶵࡢ⏝ᐈࡢ ῶᑡࡣ㧗㏿⯪㸦ࢺࢵࣆ࣮ࣟࢣࢵࢺ㸧ࡢᑵ⯟ࡼࡿᙳ㡪ࡀࡁ࠸ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ ✀Ꮚᓥᒇஂᓥࡢほගࡢẚ㍑ ✀Ꮚᓥᒇஂᓥࡢほගࡣ࠶ࡽࡺࡿ㠃࡛ᴟࡵ࡚ᑐ↷ⓗ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୧⪅ࡢ㛫ࡣࠕ⮬↛ࠖ ᑐࠕᩥࠖࡢ㡯ᑐ❧ⓗ㛵ಀࡀ㝶ᡤぢࡽࢀࡿࠋ୍᪉ࠊ࠸ࢃࡺࡿࢽ࣓⪷ᆅᕠ♩࠶ࡿ ࠸ࡣࠕࢥࣥࢸࣥࢶ࣭ࢶ࣮ࣜࢬ࣒ࠖࡤࢀࡿほගᙧែ࡛ࡣᩘᑡ࡞࠸ඹ㏻Ⅼࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ 㞄ࡾྜ࠺ࡘࡢᓥ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ1㸧ほග㈨※ࡢどⅬࡽࡳࡿࠊᒇஂᓥࡣ⮬↛㸦ࣖࢡ ࢫࢠࠊዟᓅࡢᒣࠎ㸧࡛࠶ࡾࠊ✀Ꮚᓥࡢࡑࢀࡣᩥ㸦ࣟࢣࢵࢺᇶᆅࠊᏱᐂࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࠊ 㕲◙ࠊ㘫෬࡞㸧࡛࠶ࡿࠋ2㸧ࢽ࣓⪷ᆅᕠ♩ࡢほⅬࡽぢࢀࡤࠊᒇஂᓥࡣᐑᓮ㥴ࡢ ࢽ࣓ࠕࡶࡢࡢࡅጲࠖࡢ⯙ྎ࡛࠶ࡾࠊⱏࡴࡋࡓ᳃ࡸ⢭㟋ࠊ⮬↛ࡀࢸ࣮࣐࡛࠶ࡿࡢ ᑐࡋࠊ✀Ꮚᓥࡣࢽ࣓ࠕࣟ࣎ࢸࢡࢫ࣭ࣀ࣮ࢶࠖࡸࠕ࢟ࣕࣉࢸ࣭࣮ࣥࢫࠖ࡞ࡢ ேᕤⓗ࡞ࣟ࣎ࢵࢺࠊࢧ࢚ࣥࢫ㸻ᩥࡀࢸ࣮࣐ゝ࠼ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ3㸧༤≀㤋ࡶࠊᒇஂ ᓥࡣᒇஂᮡ㤋ࡀ⮬↛ᩥࢆࢸ࣮࣐ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢᑐࡋࠊ✀Ꮚᓥࡣ㕲◙㤋ࡸᏱᐂࢭࣥ ࢱ࣮ࡢᒎ♧㤋࡞ࠊ⛉Ꮫᩥࡀࢸ࣮࣐࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡉࡽࠊ4㸧ほගᐈࡀồࡵࡿ ࡢࡶࠊᒇஂᓥࡣࣖࢡࢫࢠࡢ᳃ࡸ࣑࣓࢘࢞࠸ࡗࡓ⮬↛࡛࠶ࡿࡢᑐࡋࠊ✀Ꮚᓥࡣࢧ࣮ ࣇࣥࡸ㕲◙ࠊࣟࢣࢵࢺ࡞ࡢᩥ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ௦ⓗࡣᒇஂᓥࡀ⦖ᩥ௦࠸ࡗࡓ 㐣ཤᑐࡋࠊ✀ᏊᓥࡣᏱᐂ㛤Ⓨ࠸࠺ᮍ᮶ࡀᑐ⨨ࡉࢀࡿࠋ㟁ຊࡢ㠃࡛ࡶᒇஂᓥࡢỈຊ =⮬↛ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊ✀Ꮚᓥࡣⅆຊ㸻ᩥ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡴࡍࡧ ᒇஂᓥࡣୡ⏺⮬↛㑇⏘࢚ࢥࢶ࣮ࣜࢬ࣒ࡢᓥࡋ࡚ࡑࡢྡኌࡀᐃ╔ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ୍᪉ࠊ ✀Ꮚᓥࡣ㕲◙ఏ᮶ࡸࣟࢣࢵࢺᇶᆅࡢᓥࡋ࡚▱ࡽࢀࠊ୧⪅ࡣ࠶ࡽࡺࡿ㠃࡛ᑐ↷ⓗ࡞ᓥ ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋࡋࠊ࠸ࢃࡺࡿࢽ࣓⪷ᆅᕠ♩࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࠕࢥࣥࢸࣥࢶ࣭ࢶ࣮ࣜࢬ࣒ࠖ ࡤࢀࡿほගᙧែ࡛ࡣᩘᑡ࡞࠸ඹ㏻Ⅼࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࠊ㮵ඣᓥ┴ࡢᓥᕋᆅᇦࡢほගࡣࠊ✀Ꮚ࣭ᒇஂࠊ୕ᓥࠊ༑ᓥࠊ⨾⩌ᓥ ࠸ࡗࡓࣈࣟࢵࢡࡈᒎ㛤ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࡀࠊᚋࡣྛࣈࣟࢵࢡࡀࡶࡗ⥭ᐦ㐃ᦠࡋࠊ ┦ࡢὶࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ᵝࠎ࡞ሗࢆඹ᭷ࡋ༠ຊ㛵ಀࢆᵓ⠏ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ㮵ඣ ᓥ┴ࡢᓥࠎࡀయࡋ࡚ࡢほගࢆ⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡃࡇࡀ㔜せࡔᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ 52 KUWAHARA Sueo ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ ᰘᓮⱱග࣭ᆏ⏣⿱㍜࣭Ọ⏣ ಙ 2003㸬ᒇஂᓥ࠾ࡅࡿᖺ㛫ほගᐈᩘほග㟂せ≉〇 ࡢ᥎ィ̿㞳ᓥ࠾ࡅࡿ⢭ᗘࡢ㧗࠸᥎ィ᪉ἲ̿㸬ᮾிᏛ㎰Ꮫ㒊₇⩦ᯘሗ࿌㸪110㸸 1-25㸬 2013㸬ᖹᡂ 24 ᖺᗘ∧⤫ィࡸࡃࡋࡲ㸪43 㡫㸪ᒇஂᓥ⏫⏬ㄪᩚ ᒇஂᓥ⏫⏬ㄪᩚㄢ ㄢ㸪㮵ඣᓥ㸬 すஅ⾲ᕷ࣮࣒࣮࣍࣌ࢪ ᒇஂᓥ⏫ሗ⤫ィ http://www.city.nishinoomote.kagoshima.jp/ http://www.yakushima-town.jp/?page_id=308 ࣟ࣎ࢸࢡࢫࣀ࣮ࢶ⪷ᆅᕠ♩ IN ✀Ꮚᓥ http://www.m-riron.sakura.ne.jp/ibento/seitijyunrei/h25/robonojyunreianime.html 53 南太平洋海域調査研究報告 No.56（2015年3月） OCCASIONAL PAPERS No.56（March 2015） ཱྀỌⰋ㒊ᓥ࠾ࡅࡿሗ㏻ಙᇶ┙ࡢ ⌧≧ᚋࡢᩚഛྍ⬟ᛶ ༖ᒇṇே Current Status and Future Potential of Broadband Infrastructure Development on Kuchinoerabujima Island MASUYA Masato 㮵ඣᓥᏛᏛ⾡ሗᇶ┙ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ Computing and Communications Center, Kagoshima University せ᪨ ㉸㧗㏿ࣈ࣮ࣟࢻࣂࣥࢻࡢᩚഛࡀᅜⓗ㐍ࡴ୍᪉࡛ࠊᑠつᶍ࡞㞳ᓥࡸᒣ㛫㒊࡞ᆅ⌮ⓗ᮲௳ࡀ࡞ ᆅᇦ࡛ࡣᮍࡔࣈ࣮ࣟࢻࣂࣥࢻࡢᜠᜨࢆཷࡅࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ᆅᇦࡀከ࠸ࠋᒇஂᓥ⏫ࡢཱྀỌⰋ㒊ᓥࡶࡑࡢ ୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿࠋཱྀỌⰋ㒊ᓥ࠾ࡅࡿࣈ࣮ࣟࢻࣂࣥࢻࡢᚲせᛶཬࡧᑗ᮶ࡢά⏝ྍ⬟ᛶࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ⌧ᅾࡢሗ ㏻ಙᇶ┙ࡢ≧ἣࢆㄪࡿࡇ࡛᫂ࡽࡍࡿࡶࠊࣈ࣮ࣟࢻࣂࣥࢻᩚഛࢆ⾜࠺ሙྜࡢ」ᩘࡢ᪉ἲ ࡘ࠸࡚ẚ㍑᳨ウࡍࡿࠋ ࡣࡌࡵ ࣈ࣮ࣟࢻࣂࣥࢻሗ㏻ಙᇶ┙ࡢᩚഛ⋡ࡣᅜⓗࡣ 100%ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢁࡀࠊཱྀỌ Ⰻ㒊ᓥࡣᩚഛࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊཱྀỌⰋ㒊ᓥᚋࡶࣈ࣮ࣟࢻࣂࣥࢻࡀᩚഛࡉࢀ ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࠺࡞ࡿࡢࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ⌧ᅾࡢሗ㏻ಙᇶ┙࡛ఱࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࢆㄪࠊᩚഛᆅᇦࡢ ẚ㍑ࡼࡾᒎᮃࡍࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊཱྀỌⰋ㒊ᓥࣈ࣮ࣟࢻࣂࣥࢻࢆᩚഛࡍࡿ」ᩘࡢ᪉ἲࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ ᐇドࢆྵࡵ࡚ẚ㍑᳨ウࡍࡿࠋ 54 MASUYA Masato ཱྀỌⰋ㒊ᓥࡢሗ㏻ಙᇶ┙ࡢ⌧≧ ୍⯡ୡᖏ࠾࠸࡚ሗ㏻ಙᇶ┙ࡋ࡚⏝࡛ࡁࡿࡢࡣࠊ᭷⥺ᘧࡢຍධ㟁ヰࢧ࣮ࣅࢫᦠᖏ 㟁ヰࢧ࣮ࣅࢫ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ຍධ㟁ヰࢧ࣮ࣅࢫ ᭷⥺ᘧࡢຍධ㟁ヰࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࡣࠊᅜẸ⏕άྍḞ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵ㐢ࡃ᪥ᮏᅜ࠾࠸࡚ᥦ౪ࡉ ࢀࡿࡇࡀ㟁Ẽ㏻ಙᴗἲ࡛ᐃࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊཱྀỌⰋ㒊ᓥ࡛ࡶୡᖏ࡛⏝ྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ከࡃࡢᆅᇦ࡛ຍධ㟁ヰࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࡢ㓄⥺ࢆ⏝ࡋࡓADSLࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࡀᥦ౪ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀཱྀỌⰋ 㒊ᓥ࡛ࡣᥦ౪ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊཱྀỌⰋ㒊ᓥࡢᒁࡀᓥእఏ㏦ᐜ㔞ࡢᑠࡉ࠸↓⥺ ᅇ⥺࡛ࡋ᥋⥆ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡽࡎࠊ㡢ኌ㏻ヰࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࡢᥦ౪ᨭ㞀ࡣ࡞࠸ࡶࡢࡢࠊ㧗㏿ࢹ࣮ࢱ ㏻ಙࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࡢᥦ౪ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡓࡵ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ᦠᖏ㟁ヰࢧ࣮ࣅࢫ ᦠᖏ㟁ヰࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࡣࠊNTT ࢻࢥࣔࡢᇶᆅᒁࡀᓥࡢᮾࠊ␒ᒇࢣᓠࡢᒣ㡬㏆ᩚഛࡉࢀ࡚ ࠸ࡿࠊᮏᮧ㞟ⴠࡣ NTT ࢻࢥࣔࡢ୰⥅ࣥࢸࢼ㸦ࣞࣆ࣮ࢱᒁ㸧ࡀタ⨨ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸦ᅗ 1㸧 ࠊ ᓥෆࡢ༙ࡢୡᖏ࡛⏝࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊ␒ᒇࢣᓠࡢᇶᆅᒁ࡛ᥦ౪ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࡣ NTT ࢻࢥࣔࡢ 3G ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫ࡛࠶ࡿ FOMA 㝈ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊୖὶᅇ⥺ࡢᖏᇦࡀ༑ศ࡛࡞࠸ ࡇࡀᐃࡉࢀࡿࡓࡵࠊ㒔ᕷ㒊ྠᵝࡢ㏻ಙᖏᇦࡀ☜ಖ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ ᅗ 1 ᮏᮧ㞟ⴠࡢ NTT ࢻࢥࣔࡢࣞࣆ࣮ࢱᒁ 55 Current Status and Future Potential of Broadband Infrastructure Development on Kuchinoerabujima Island ࡢᦠᖏ㟁ヰᴗ⪅ࡢᇶᆅᒁࡣ࡞ࡃࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࡣ⏝࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋࡲࡓࠊNTT ࢻࢥࣔࡢࢧ࣮ࣅ ࢫ࡛ࡶ LTE㸦Xi㸧ࡢ⏝ࡣ࡛ࡁࡎࠊᚋࡢᩚഛࡢணᐃࡶ♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ ࡞࠾ࠊᦠᖏ㟁ヰᴗ⪅ࡣࢧ࣮ࣅࢫ࢚ࣜぢ࡞ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡀࠊྥᆅ༊࠾࠸࡚ࡣᒇஂᓥ タ⨨ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᦠᖏ㟁ヰᴗ⪅ࡢᇶᆅᒁࡢ㏻ಙࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢧ࣮ࣅࢫ࢚ࣜእ࡛࠶ࡿ ࡓࡵ༑ศ࡞ရ㉁ࡀ☜ಖࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡣ㝈ࡽ࡞࠸ࡀࠊNTT ࢻࢥࣔࠊauࠊࢯࣇࢺࣂࣥࢡࠊྛ♫ࡢ LTE ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࡀ⏝ྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠋ 㞟ⴠࡼࡗ࡚⎔ቃࡣ␗࡞ࡿࡶࡢࡢࠊཱྀỌⰋ㒊ᓥ࠾࠸࡚ሗ㏻ಙᇶ┙ࡋ࡚⏝࡛ࡁࡿࡢ ࡣᦠᖏ㟁ヰᅇ⥺ࡢࡳ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᅇ⥺ࡢᖏᇦࡢ ᐃ⏝ྍ⬟࡞ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࡢ᳨ドࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ⌧≧ࡢ ሗ㏻ಙᇶ┙࡛ࡇࡲ࡛ࣈ࣮ࣟࢻࣂࣥࢻࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࡢ⏝ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡢࢆ᫂ࡽࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ ཱྀỌⰋ㒊ᓥ࠾ࡅࡿሗ㏻ಙᇶ┙ᩚഛ᪉ἲ ࣈ࣮ࣟࢻࣂࣥࢻࡢᩚഛࡣᢏ⾡ⓗࡣᅔ㞴ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊගࣇࣂࢆᩜタࡋ࡚ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡᶵჾ ࢆタ⨨ࡍࡿࡔࡅ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢁࡀ㞳ᓥࡢሙྜࠊᾏୖࢆ⤖ࡪගࣇࣂᩜタከ㢠ࡢ㈝⏝ࡀ ࡿࡇࡀࡁ࡞ၥ㢟࡞ࡿࠋᅜࡢ⿵ຓ㔠ࢆᚓ࡚⮬యࡀᩚഛࡋࡓࡣ」ᩘ࠶ࡿࡀࠊཱྀỌ Ⰻ㒊ᓥࡣࡑࢀࡽࡢẚ࡚ᑐ㇟࡞ࡿୡᖏᩘࡀᴟࡵ࡚ᑠࡉࡃࠊᾏᗏࢣ࣮ࣈࣝࡢᩜタࡣ ᐇ⌧ࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸ࠋ ⾨ᫍࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺ࣭ᦠᖏ㟁ヰᅇ⥺ ᾏᗏࢣ࣮ࣈࣝࡢᩜタ௨እࡣࠊ↓⥺ᢏ⾡ࢆ⏝࠸ࡿ᪉ἲࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ ேᕤ⾨ᫍࢆ⏝࠸ࡿ᪉ἲࡣࠊࡍ࡛ᓥෆࡢ㔠ᓅᑠ࣭୰Ꮫᰯ࠾࠸࡚ IPSTAR ♫ࡢ⾨ᫍࣥࢱ ࣮ࢿࢵࢺࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࢆ⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡛ᐇ⌧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋࡋࠊ⾨ᫍࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺࢧ࣮ࣅࢫ ࡣ㧗㢠࡛ࠊ㐜ᘏࡀࡁࡃࠊ㏿ᗘࡀ㐜ࡃࠊ」ᩘࡢᶵჾ࡛ᅇ⥺ࢆඹ᭷ࡍࡿࡣྥ࡞࠸ࠋ ᦠᖏ㟁ヰᅇ⥺ࡣ⾨ᫍࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺྠࡌḞⅬࢆᣢࡘࠊࢹ࣮ࢱఏ㏦㔞ไ㝈ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ ↓⥺ࢡࢭࢫ⨨ ↓⥺ࢡࢭࢫ⨨ࢆ࠺᪉ἲࡣࠊ⾨ᫍࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺࡸᦠᖏ㟁ヰᅇ⥺ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ḞⅬࢆᣢࡓ ࡞࠸ࠋࡇࡢ᪉ἲࡣࠊ↓⥺ᒁචチࡀᚲせ࡞ࡶࡢࠊ↓⥺ᒁචチࡀせ࡞ࡶࡢࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ ↓⥺ᒁචチࡀᚲせ࡞ࡶࡢࡣࠊᑓ⏝ࡢ࿘Ἴᩘࢆ⏝ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ㏻ಙࡢᙳ㡪ࡀ࡞ࡃᏳᐃࡋ࡚ ㏻ಙ࡛ࡁࡿࠊ↓⥺ᒁචチࡀせ࡞ࡶࡢẚ࡚㧗࠸ฟຊ࡛㏦ಙࡀ࡛ࡁࠊ㛗㊥㞳࡛ࡶᏳᐃ ࡋࡓ㏻ಙࡀྍ⬟࡞ࡿࠋ୍᪉࡛ࠊᶵჾࡀẚ㍑ⓗ㧗౯࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ↓⥺ᒁචチࡀせ࡞ࡶࡢࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ2.4GHz ᖏࢆ⏝࠸ࡿ↓⥺ LAN ᶵჾࡀ࠶ࡿࠋචチࡀᚲせ ࡞ᶵჾẚ࡚㈝⏝ࢆᢚ࠼ࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࠊタ⨨࠶ࡓࡗ࡚චチ⏦ㄳࡢᡭ⥆ࡁࡀせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡢᶵჾࡶ⏝ࡍࡿ࿘Ἴᩘ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊᖸ΅ࡼࡿᙳ㡪ࢆ㝖እ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡀࠊタ⨨᮲௳ࢆᕤኵ ࡍࡿ࡞ࡍࡿࡇࡼࡾࠊ࠶ࡿ⛬ᗘࡢᅇ㑊ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠋᾏୖ㛗㊥㞳㏻ಙ࡛ࡣ 47.5km ࡲ࡛ ࡢᐇ⦼ࡀ࠶ࡿ㸦༖ᒇࡽ 2012㸧 ࠋ 56 MASUYA Masato ᭱ࡶ㏆࠸ࣈ࣮ࣟࢻࣂࣥࢻ᥋⥆ ↓⥺⨨ࡼࡾࣈ࣮ࣟࢻࣂࣥࢻࢧ࣮ࣅࢫᥦ౪ᆅᇦ᥋⥆ࡍࡿࡇ࡛ࠊཱྀỌⰋ㒊ᓥࡢࣈ࣮ࣟ ࢻࣂࣥࢻࡀྍ⬟࡞ࡿࠋཱྀỌⰋ㒊ᓥࡽ᭱ࡶ㏆࠸ࣈ࣮ࣟࢻࣂࣥࢻࢧ࣮ࣅࢫᥦ౪ᆅᇦࡣࠊ ࠾ࡼࡑ 15km 㞳ࢀࡓᒇஂᓥࡢỌ⏣ᆅ༊࡛࠶ࡿࠋḟ㏆࠸ࡢࡣ࠾ࡼࡑ 35km 㞳ࢀࡓ୕ᓥᮧ◲㯤 ᓥ࡞ࡿࠋ ↓⥺ᶵჾࡢタ⨨ࡣࠊぢ㏻ࡋࡀ☜ಖ࡛ࡁࡿ⨨࡛࠶ࡿࡇࠊ㟁※ࡀ☜ಖ࡛ࡁࡿࡇࠊᅇ⥺ ࡀ☜ಖ࡛ࡁࡿࡇࠊࡢ 3 ࡘࡢ᮲௳ࡀᚲ㡲࡛࠶ࡿࠋཱྀỌⰋ㒊ᓥ࠾࠸࡚ࡇࢀࡽࡢ᮲௳ࢆ‶ࡓࡍ ࡢࡣࠊ␒ᒇࢣᓠᒣ㡬ࡋ࡞ࡃࠊᒇஂᓥỌ⏣ᆅ༊ࠊ୕ᓥᮧ◲㯤ᓥࠊᮏᮧ㞟ⴠࡑࢀࡒࢀ↓⥺ᶵ ჾ࡛᥋⥆ࡍࡿ᪉ἲࡀ᭱ၿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡇࢀࢆᐇドࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊᶵჾࢆᣢࡕ㎸ࢇ࡛ ᐃࢆ ⾜࠺ࡇࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ᘬ⏝ᩥ⊩ ༖ᒇṇே࣭㟷ᮌㅬ࣭ୗᅬᖾ୍ 2012㸬ᅜෆ᭱㛗ࡢᾏୖ㛗㊥㞳↓⥺ LAN ㏻ಙࢩࢫࢸ࣒࠾ ࡅࡿ㟁Ἴఏᦙ≉ᛶ㸬Ꮫሗࢩࢫࢸ࣒⎔ቃ◊✲㸪15㸸62-71㸬 57 南太平洋海域調査研究報告 No.56（2015年3月） OCCASIONAL PAPERS No.56（March 2015） ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ㐃㑥ࡢⅆᒣᓥࡢᆅ㉁ㄪᰝ ࣮࣐ࣞࣥ ࣁࣇ࣮ࢬ ࢘ࣝ Geological Investigation of the Volcanic Islands in the Federated States of Micronesia REHMAN Hafiz Ur 㮵ඣᓥᏛᏛ㝔⌮ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉ Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University せ᪨ ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ㐃㑥ࡣすኴᖹὒࡢ࢝ࣟࣜࣥㅖᓥࡶࡤࢀࡿᓥࠎࡽ࡞ࡿᆅᇦ࡛ࠊᆅ⌮ⓗࡣࠊすࡽᮾ ࣖࢵࣉࠊࢳ࣮ࣗࢡࠊ࣏ࣥ࣌࠾ࡼࡧࢥࢫ࢚ࣛࡢᅄࡘࡢᕞࢃࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᚋ⪅ࡢ୕ࡘࡢᓥࡣⅆᒣᛶࡢᓥࠎ࡛ ࠶ࡿࠋඛ⾜◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ࢝ࣟࣜࣥㅖᓥࡢⅆᒣᓥࡣኴᖹὒࣉ࣮ࣞࢺࡀᮍ▱ࡢ࣍ࢵࢺࢫ࣏ࢵࢺୖࢆ㏻㐣ࡋࠊすࡽ ᮾⅆᒣᓥࡢᖺ௦ࡀⱝࡃ࡞ࡿࡉࢀࡿࠋࡋࡋࠊඛ㏙ࡓ୕ࡘࡢᓥ࡛ࡢⅆᒣάືࡢᮇࡣ㔜࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ ࢳ࣮ࣗࢡ⎔♋ࡢᓥࠎ࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥࡣྠᖺ௦ࡢⅆᒣᒾࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࢥࢫ࢚ࣛᓥࡶ࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥྠᖺ ௦ࡢⅆᒣᒾࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢⅆᒣᓥࡣ㸦ᩘⓒ࢟ࣟࡶ࠾࠸㞳ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᓥࠎ㸧 ࠊ࣍ࢵࢺࢫ࣏ࢵࢺୖࣉ࣮ࣞ ࢺࡀ㏻㐣ࡋࡓᙧᡂࡉࢀࡓࡣ⪃࠼ࡃ࠸ࠋᮏ◊✲ࡢ┠ⓗࡣ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ㐃㑥ࡢⅆᒣᓥࡢᆅ㉁ㄪᰝࢆྵࡴࠊ ᒾ▼ヨᩱࡢᒾ▼Ꮫࠊᆅ⌫Ꮫ࠾ࡼࡧᖺ௦Ꮫⓗ࡞◊✲ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊⅆᒣᓥࡢᡂᅉࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࠋ ⫼ᬒ ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ㐃㑥ࡣࠊすኴᖹὒࡢ㉥㐨㏆ࡢప⦋ᗘ࢝ࣟࣜࣥㅖᓥࡋ࡚▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ 607 ࡢᓥࠎࡽ࡞ࡿᅜ࡛ࠊすࡽᮾࠊࣖࢵࣉࠊࢳ࣮ࣗࢡࠊ࣏ࣥ࣌࠾ࡼࡧࢥࢫ࢚ࣛࡢᅄࡘ ࡢᕞศࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࣖࢵࣉㅖᓥࡣࣇࣜࣆࣥᾏࣉ࣮ࣞࢺࡢᮾഃࡢỿࡳ㎸ࡳᖏୖᓥᘼࢩࢫ ࢸ࣒ࢆᙧᡂࡋࠊ༡ࡣࣃࣛ࢜ᓥᘼࠊࡣఀ㇋࣭࣐ࣜࢼᘼࢩࢫࢸ࣒᥋⥆ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࣖࢵࣉ ␗࡞ࡗ࡚ࢳ࣮ࣗࢡࠊ ࣏ࣥ࣌ࠊ ࠾ࡼࡧࢥࢫ࢚ࣛࡢᓥࠎࡣኴᖹὒࣉ࣮ࣞࢺୖࡢⅆᒣᛶࡢᓥࠎ ࡛࠶ࡾࠊすࡽᮾᖺ௦ⓗⱝࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ඛ⾜◊✲㸦ᒾᓮ 1915, KINOSHITA 1926, ྜྷ 1936, ⏣ᒣ 1952, YAGI 1960, STARK and HAY 1963, MATTEY 1982, SPENGLER 1990 ➼㸧࡛ࡣ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ㐃㑥ࡢⅆᒣᓥࡢ≉ᚩࡸ㖔≀⤌ᡂ ࡞ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢグ㏙ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡋࡋࠊⅆᒣ㉳※࠾ࡼࡧᆅ㉁ᵓ㐀ࡣ᫂ࡽࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ ࡲࡓࠊ୍㒊ࡢ◊✲ሗ࿌㸦DIXON et al. 1984, KEATING et al. 1984a, 1984b㸧࡛ࡣࢳ࣮ࣗࢡࠊ࣏ࣥ࣌ ࠾ࡼࡧࢥࢫ࢚ࣛࡢⅆᒣᒾࢆ K-Ar ἲ࡛ᖺ௦ ᐃࢆ⾜࠸ࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢᓥࠎࡢⅆᒣάືࡣ࣍ࢵࢺ 58 REHMAN Hafiz Ur ࢫ࣏ࢵࢺ⏤᮶࡛࠶ࡿゎ㔘ࡋࡓࠋࡋࡋࠊࢳ࣮ࣗࢡᏑᅾࡍࡿ⋞Ṋᒾࡽ࣏ࣥ࣌࠶ࡿ ྠᵝ࡞⋞Ṋᒾྠࡌᖺ௦ࡀฟ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡉࡽࠊ࣏ࣥ࣌ࢥࢫ࢚ࣛࡶྠᖺ௦ࡢ⋞Ṋᒾࡀ Ꮡᅾࡋࠊኴᖹὒࣉ࣮ࣞࢺࡀ࣍ࢵࢺࢫ࣏ࢵࢺୖ㏻㐣ࡋࡓࡇࡔࡅࢆゎ㔘ࡍࡿࡢࡣ⪃࠼ࡃ࠸ 㸦ᅗ 1㸧 ࠋKOBAYASHI㸦2004㸧ࡼࡿࠊኴᖹὒࣉ࣮ࣞࢺࡣ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ㐃㑥㏆࡛ 8.3 cm yr-1 ࡢ㏿ᗘ࡛す⛣ືࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᩘⓒ࢟ࣟࡶ㞳ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ୕ࡘࡢᆅᇦ࡛ྠྠࡌ࣍ࢵࢺࢫ࣏ࢵ ࢺࡽⅆᒣࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀࡓ⤖ㄽࡣཷࡅධࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࡲࡓࠊࡑࡢ࣍ࢵࢺࢫ࣏ࢵࢺࡣࢥࢫ࢚ࣛࡀ㏻㐣 ࡋࡓᚋ࠺࡞ࡗࡓࡢࠊ࡛᫂࠶ࡿࠋ ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢᓥ⏘ࡍࡿ⋞Ṋᒾ࠾ࡼࡧࡑࡢࡢ㈏ධᒾࢆㄪᰝࡋࠊ௦⾲ⓗ࡞ࢧࣥࣉ ࣝࢆ᥇ྲྀࡋࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢᒾ▼Ꮫࠊᆅ⌫Ꮫⓗ࠾ࡼࡧᖺ௦Ꮫⓗ◊✲ࢆ⾜࠸࢝ࣟࣜࣥㅖᓥࡢ㉳※ࢆ ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࠋ ୍㒊ࡢᒾ▼ヨᩱࡢᆅ⌫Ꮫⓗ࡞ศᯒࡣ᪤⾜࠸ࠊ ṧࡾࡢヨᩱࡣ᳨ド୰࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ᪉ἲ ࢳ࣮ࣗࢡ⎔♋㸦࢙࢘ࣀᓥ㸧࠾ࡼࡧ࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥ࡛㔝እㄪᰝࢆ⾜࠸ࠊࢳ࣮ࣗࢡ⎔♋ࡽ 73 ಶࠊ࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥࡽ 70 ಶࡢᒾ▼ヨᩱࢆ᥇ྲྀࡋࡓࠋ᥇㞟ࡋࡓヨᩱ୰௦⾲ⓗ࡞ࢧࣥࣉࣝࡢ ᒾ▼ⷧ∦ࢆసᡂࡋࠊ೫ග㢧ᚤ㙾ࡼࡿほᐹࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊసᡂࡋࡓⷧ∦⾲㠃ࡢᇦࢆ㮵ඣ ᓥᏛᶵჾศᯒࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࡢ⺯ග㹖⥺ศᯒ⨨㸦X-Ray Guided Tube : XGT㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚せඖ⣲ ࡢ࣐ࢵࣆࣥࢢࡸෆ㒊ᵓ㐀ࠊ㖔≀⤌ᡂ࡞ࡢศᯒࡶ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡉࡽࠊ୍㒊ࡢヨᩱࢆࢱࣥࢢࢫࢸ ࣥࢪ࣮ࣙࢡࣛࢵࢩࣕࢆ⏝࠸࡚⢊○ࡋࠊ㕲〇࣮࣑࡛࣎ࣝࣝ⣽ࡃ⢊ᮎࡋࡓࠋࡑࢀࡽࡢヨᩱࢆ ᒾᏛ⤌ᡂࡢࡓࡵࠊせඖ⣲㸦Si, Al, Ti, Mg, Fe, Mn, Ca, Na, K, P㸧࠾ࡼࡧᚤ㔞ඖ⣲㸦V, Cr, Co, Ni, Co, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Li, Y, Zr, Nb, Ta, Ba, Pb, Th, U㸧ࡢศᯒࢆ㮵ඣᓥᏛᶵჾศᯒࢭࣥࢱ࣮ ࠶ࡿἼ㛗ศᩓᆺ⺯ග㹖⥺ศᯒ⨨㸦XRF: RIGAKU ZSX 100e㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚⾜ࡗࡓࠋせඖ⣲ࡣ ࢞ࣛࢫࣅ࣮ࢻ㸦ヨᩱ Li2B4O7 ࡢΰྜࡋࡓ⢊ᮎࢆ 1,000°C ຍ⇕ࡋసᡂࡋࡓ㸧ࢆ⏝ࠊᚤ㔞 ඖ⣲ࡣ⢊ᮎࡽసᡂࡋࡓࣉࣞࢫ࣌ࣞࢵࢺࢆ࠸ࠊศᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ ᅗ 1 ࢝ࣟࣜࣥㅖᓥࡢⅆᒣάືᖺ௦ศᕸ㸦REHMAN et al.㹙2013㹛ࢆᨵኚ㸧 59 Geological Investigation of the Volcanic Islands in the Federated States of Micronesia ⤖ᯝ ࢳ࣮ࣗࢡ⎔♋࠾ࡼࡧ࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥ࡛ᆅ㉁ㄪᰝࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ୧ᆅᇦ࡛ࡶᕧ࡞┪≧ⅆᒣࡢ㊧ࡀ☜ㄆ ࡛ࡁࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊึ⏕ⓗ࡞ᄇⅆࡣᕧ࡞⋞Ṋᒾࡽ࡞ࡿ┪≧ⅆᒣࢆᙧᡂࡋࠊḟάືࡋ࡚ࡣ ึ⏕ࡢ⋞Ṋᒾ㈏ධࡍࡿከᩘࡢᒾ⬦ࡀࢳ࣮ࣗࢡ⎔♋࠾ࡼࡧ࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥయ࡛ぢࡽࢀࡓࠋ୍㒊 ࡢᆅᇦ࡛ࡣࠊⅆ○ὶࡸⅆ○ሁ✚ᒾࡶᏑᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࢳ࣮ࣗࢡ⎔♋࡛ࡣᰕ≧⠇⌮ࢆసࡿ┪≧ ⅆᒣࡢ୰ᚰ㒊⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㟢㢌ࢆ 2 ⟠ᡤ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࠊ࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥ࡛ࡣᩘከࡃぢࡽࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ 2 ⟠ᡤࡣⅆᒣᒾ㢕㸦Volcanic plug㸧ࡶ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓࠋᩘ⟠ᡤ࡛ࡣ⋞Ṋᒾ࢝ࣥࣛࣥᒾࡀᤕ⋓ࡉ ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡶ㊰㢌࡛☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ ᒾ▼ⷧ∦ほᐹࡼࡾከࡃࡢヨᩱࡣ㠀㢧ᬗ㉁ࡽ㢧ᬗ㉁ࡲ࡛ぢࡽࢀࠊ࢝ࣥࣛࣥ▼ࠊᩳ᪉㍤▼ ࡸࢳࢱࣥ㍤▼ࠊᚤᑠ࡞ᩳ㛗▼ࠊࢳࢱࣥ㉁☢㕲㖔ࠊ࠾ࡼࡧഹ࡞ࢿࣇ࢙࡛ࣜࣥᵓᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ ᒾせ࠾ࡼࡧᚤ㔞ඖ⣲ࡢ XRF ศᯒࡽከࡃࡢヨᩱࡣ⋞Ṋᒾ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ୍㒊ࡣࣂࢧࢼࢺ 㸦࢝ࣥࣛࣥᒾᐩࡴ⋞Ṋᒾ㸧ࡶ࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊXGT ศᯒࡼࡾࠊᒾ▼ヨᩱࡣྵࡲࢀࡿࢳࢱ ࣥ㍤▼ࡣ Fe ࠾ࡼࡧ Ti ᐩࡳࠊ࢝ࣥࣛࣥᒾࡣ Fe ᐩࢇ࡛࠸ࡓࠋ୍㒊ࡢヨᩱࡣከᩘࡢẼἻࡀ ࠶ࡾࠊCa ᐩࡴ㒊ศࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ ⪃ᐹ ⌧ᆅㄪᰝࠊᒾ▼ヨᩱ࠾ࡼࡧ◊✲ᆅᇦ㛵㐃ࡍࡿᘬ⏝ᩥ⊩ࢆཧ⪃࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ㐃㑥ࡢⅆᒣ ᓥࡢᡂᅉࡘ࠸࡚ 2 ࡘࡢㄝ᫂ࡀฟ᮶ࡿࠋ 1. ࢳ࣮ࣗࢡ⎔♋࠾ࡼࡧ࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥࡣࠊᕧ࡞┪≧ⅆᒣࡢ୍㒊࡛࠶ࡿ㸦ࢥࢫ࢚ࣛㄪᰝࡣࡲࡔ ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡓࡵ┬␎㸧 ࠋࡇࡢ┪≧ⅆᒣࡣࠊࣂࢧࢼࢺࠊ࢝ࣥࣛࣥ▼ᐩࡴࣝ࢝ࣜ⋞Ṋ ᒾ➼࡛ᵓᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊヨᩱࡢከࡃࡣ㠀㢧ᬗ㉁࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡣࠊ⋞Ṋᒾࡀᛴ෭ୗ ゎ㔘࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡉࡽࠊ୍㒊ࡢヨᩱࡣ㢧ᬗ㉁ࡢ࢝ࣥࣛࣥ▼ࡸᩳ᪉㍤▼࡞ࡣࡸࡸ῝㒊࡛ ࣐ࢢ࣐ࡢศకࡗ࡚ᙧᡂࡉࢀࡓࡇࢆ♧ࡍࠋ⋞Ṋᒾ୰ᤕ⋓ᒾࡋ࡚ྵࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࢝ࣥࣛ ࣥᒾࡣࠊ࣐ࣥࢺࣝ㉳※ࡢ㒊ศࡀ⋞ṊᒾⓎ⏕ᤕ⋓ࡉࢀࡓ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ 2. XGT ࠾ࡼࡧ XRF ศᯒࡽᒾ▼ヨᩱࡣྵࡲࢀࡿ Fe ࠾ࡼࡧ Ti ᐩࡴࢳࢱࣥ㍤▼ࡣࠊ࣐ࢢ ࣐ࡢศࡢࣉࣟࢭࢫ࡛⤖ᬗࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㖔≀ࡋ࡚ㄞࡳྲྀࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊከᩘࡢẼἻࡣḟ ⓗ࡞ⅆᒣάືࢆ♧ࡋࠊⅆᒣ࢞ࢫᐩࡴⅆᒣᒾ࡛࠶ࡿㄝ࡛᫂ࡁࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢẼἻ ࡣᾏỈ⎔ቃୗ࡛᪉ゎ▼ࢆᵓᡂࡍࡿ CaCO3 ࡀᬗฟࡋࡓゎ㔘ࡍࡿࠋXRF ᐃ㔞ศᯒࢹ࣮ࢱ ᇶ࡙࠸࡚ᒾ▼ࢆྠᐃࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࠊᒾ▼ࡢࢇࡀ⋞Ṋᒾ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ⋞Ṋᒾ୰࡛ࡶ᭦⤠ࡾ ㎸ࡴࠊAlkaline ୖ࡛࠶ࡾࠊOcean Island Alkali basalts㸦OIA㸧ࡋุู࡚ࡋࡓࠋ ࡲࡵ ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ⌧ᆅㄪᰝ࠾ࡼࡧᒾ▼ࡢศᯒࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ㐃㑥ࡢⅆᒣᛶࡢᓥࠎࡢ ᡂᅉࢆ≉ᐃࡍࡿࡇࡀ┠ⓗࡢ୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋඛ⾜◊✲ࡣ࣍ࢵࢺࢫ࣏ࢵࢺ㉳※ࢆ♧၀ࡍࡿ 60 REHMAN Hafiz Ur ࡶࡢ㸦SPENGLER 1990㸧ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡋࡋࠊ㏆ࡢࣉ࣮ࣞࢺࡢᵓ㐀࠾ࡼࡧⅆᒣᒾࡢᖺ௦ⓗࡢ どⅬࡽ࣍ࢵࢺࢫ࣏ࢵࢺ㉳※ࡣ㞴ࡋ࠸ࠋ᭱㏆ࠊREHMAN et al.㸦2013㸧ࡼࡿ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ 㐃㑥ࡢⅆᒣᓥࡣỿࡳ㎸ࡳᖏࢆ♧၀ࡍࡿ Fracture-Induced Volcanism ࡢ㛵ಀ࡛ᙧᡂࡢ㆟ㄽࡀ ฟࡉࢀࠊᚋࠊ⌧ᆅㄪᰝ࡛᥇ྲྀࡋࡓᒾ▼ヨᩱࡢࡼࡾヲࡋ࠸ศᯒ࠾ࡼࡧᖺ௦ ᐃࢆ⾜࠺ணᐃ࡛ ࠶ࡾࠊ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ㐃㑥ࡢⅆᒣᓥࡢ㉳※ࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࡇࡀᮇᚅ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ ᘬ⏝ᩥ⊩ DIXON, T. H., BATIZA, R., FUTA, K. and MARTIN, D. 1984. Petrochemistry, Age and Isotopic Composition of Alkali Basalts from Ponape Island, Western Pacific. Chemical Geology, 43: 1-28. ᒾᓮ㔜୕ 1915㸬༡ὒࡢᆅ㉁㸦୍㸧 㸬ᆅ㉁Ꮵ㞯ㄅ㸪22㸸277-290㸬 KEATING, B. H., MATTEY, D. P., HELSLEY, C. E., NAUGHTON, J. J., EPP, D., LAZAREWICZ, A. and SCHWANK, D. 1984a. Evidence for a Hot Spot Origin of the Caroline Islands. 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Geological Origin of the Volcanic Islands of the Caroline Group in the Federated States of Micronesia, Western Pacific. South Pacific Studies, 33: 101-118. SPENGLER, S. R. 1990. Geology and Hydrogeology of the Island of Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia, 265 pp., Ph. D. Dissertation, University of Hawai`i at Manoa, Honolulu, USA. STARK, J. T. and HAY, R. L. 1963. Geology and Petrography of Volcanic Rocks of the Truk Islands, East Caroline Islands. Geological Survey (U.S.) Professional Paper 409, 41 pp., U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, USA. ⏣ᒣ୕㑻 1952㸬༡ὒ⩌ᓥࡢ⌈⍚♋㸬Ỉ㊰㒊ሗ࿌㸪11㸦941㸧 㸸1-292㸬 YAGI, K. 1960. Petrochemistry of the Alkalic Rocks of Ponape Island, Western Pacific Ocean. The 21st International Geological Congress, Copenhagen, Part 11-16: 108-122. ྜྷṇᩄ 1936㸬༡ὒㅖᓥ㠀▼⅊ᒾ▼␐グ㸬ᮾᖇᅧᏥ⌮Ꮵ㒊ᆅ㉁Ꮵྂ⏕≀Ꮵᩍᐊ◊✲㑥 ᩥሗ࿌㸪22㸸1-50㸬 61 南太平洋海域調査研究報告 No.56（2015年3月） OCCASIONAL PAPERS No.56（March 2015） ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ㐃㑥࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥ࠾ࡅࡿ ⅆᒣᒾࡢ⏘≧ྂᆅ☢ẼᏛⓗᛶ㉁ ᮧ᭷㎿ Occurrence of Volcanic Rocks and Their Paleomagnetic Property in Pohnpei Island, the Federated States of Micronesia KITAMURA Yujin 㮵ඣᓥᏛᏛ㝔⌮ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉ Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University せ᪨ すኴᖹὒࡢኴᖹὒࣉ࣮ࣞࢺୖᮾす⣙ 3,000km ᗈࡀࡿ࢝ࣟࣜࣥᾏᕊࡣࡑࡢᡂᅉࡸᙧᡂ㐣⛬ࡀᮍヲ࡛ ࠶ࡿࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣྂᆅ☢ẼᏛⓗ࡞᳨ウࡽࡇࢀࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࡃࠊ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ㐃㑥࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥ࠾࠸࡚ ᆅ㉁ㄪᰝ࠾ࡼࡧᒾ▼ヨᩱ᥇ྲྀࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᓥෆࡢ㟢㢌࠾࠸࡚ࡣඛ⾜◊✲࡛ㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓྛ✀ᒾ▼ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ ࡲࡓࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ⅆ○ୣࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓሙᡤࡣỈ୰ⅆ○ὶሁ✚≀࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡀ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢヨᩱࢆ ⏝࠸ࡓྂᆅ☢ẼᏛⓗ◊✲ࡼࡾࠊ࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥⅆᒣᙧᡂࡢ㛫࣭✵㛫ⓗ⪃ᐹࡀྍ⬟࡞ࡿࡇࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿࠋ ࡣࡌࡵ ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ㐃㑥ࡢ࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥࡣすኴᖹὒࡢ㉥㐨ࡢ⣙ 800km ⨨ࡍࡿ࢝ࣟࣜࣥㅖᓥ ᭱ࡢᓥ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࢝ࣟࣜࣥㅖᓥࡣ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ㐃㑥ࣃࣛ࢜ඹᅜࡽᵓᡂࡉࢀࠊすኴᖹὒ ㉥㐨᪉ᮾす⣙ 3,000 ࢟ࣟࢃࡓࡗ࡚ศᕸࡍࡿࠋࡇࡢㅖᓥࡣ࢝ࣟࣜࣥᾏᕊࡤࢀࡿኴᖹ ὒࣉ࣮ࣞࢺୖࡢ㧗ࡲࡾ⨨ࡍࡿࠋ࢝ࣟࣜࣥᾏᕊࡢᡂᅉࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ࣍ࢵࢺࢫ࣏ࢵࢺ㉳※ 㸦DIXON et al. 1984, KEATING et al. 1984a, 1984b㸧ࡸỿࡳ㎸ࡳక࠺ᾏὒᆅẆࡢடᙧᡂ 㸦REHMAN et al. 2013㸧࡞ㅖㄝ࠶ࡿࡀ࠸ࡎࢀࡶỴࡵᡭࢆḞ࠸࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥ࡛ࡢᆅ㉁Ꮫⓗ◊✲ࡢඛ㥑ࡅࡣࢻࢶ࠾ࡼࡧ᪥ᮏ⤫௦㐳ࡿ㸦KAISER 1903, ྜྷ 1936, ᒾ⏕ 1941㸧 ࠋᓥࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࡓ᭱㏆ࡢ◊✲ࡣ SPENGLER et al.㸦1992㸧ࡲࡵ ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥ༡ᮾ㒊ࡢࢼ࣐ࣥࢻ࣮ࣝ㑇㊧▼ᮦࡋ࡚⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᰕ≧ ⠇⌮ࡢⓎ㐩ࡋࡓ⋞Ṋᒾࡢᚤ㔞ඖ⣲ศᯒࡀ⪃ྂᏛࡢศ㔝࡛Ⓨ⾲ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦MCCOY and ATHENS 2012㸧 ࠋࡋࡋࠊ࢝ࣟࣜࣥᾏᕊࡢᙧᡂྐࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࡣ᭦࡞ࡿᆅ㉁ࢹ࣮ࢱࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥᙧᡂࡢྂᆅ☢ẼᏛⓗࢹ࣮ࢱࢆᚓࡿ࡛᪂ࡓ࡞㆟ㄽࡢ➃⥴ࢆ㛤ࡃ ࡇࢆ┠ⓗࡋࠊ࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥ࡛ࡢヨᩱ᥇ྲྀࢆィ⏬ࡋࡓࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࡑࡢヨᩱ᥇ྲྀ࠶ࡓࡗ࡚ ᐇࡋࡓ⌧ᆅᆅ㉁ㄪᰝࡢᴫせࢆሗ࿌ࡍࡿࠋ 62 KITAMURA Yujin ㄪᰝ᪉ἲ ࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥㄪᰝ᪑⾜ࡣ 2014 ᖺ 8 ᭶ 3 ᪥ࡽ 11 ᪥ࡢ᪥⛬࡛ᐇࡋࡓࠋ⌧ᆅ NGO ࡢ Conservation Society of Pohnpei㸦CSP㸧ࡢ㠃ⓗ࡞༠ຊࢆᚓ࡚ࠊ㛵ಀᶵ㛵ࡢᢡ⾪ࡸ⌧ᆅ࢞ ࢻࡢᡭ㓄࡞ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᓥෆࡢㄪᰝ࠾ࡼࡧヨᩱ᥇ྲྀࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊMinistry of Land and Natural Resources ࡽチྍࢆཷࡅࡓࠋᾏࡸἙᕝ࡛ࡢㄪᰝࢆᐃࡋ࡚ Office for Fisheries ☜ㄆࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ ࡀࠊỈ⏘≀ࡢ᥇ྲྀࢆ⾜ࢃ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛≉ᡭ⥆ࡣ⾜ࢃ࡞ࡗࡓࠋᆅ㉁ㄪᰝࡣ 8 ᭶ 5 ᪥ࡽ 9 ᪥ ࡅ࡚ᐇࡋࡓࠋ⌧ᆅ࢞ࢻࡢㄏᑟࡢࡶࠊࣞࣥࢱ࣮࡛࢝ᓥෆࡢ࿘ᅇ㐨㊰ἢ࠸ࡢ㟢㢌ࡸࠊ ᒾ▼ࡢዲ㟢㢌ࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿ᥇▼ሙࠊ࡞ࢆᕠᅇࡋࡓࠋ⨨ሗࡣ GPS ࣮࡛ࣟ࢞ྲྀᚓࡋࡓࡀࠊ ᶵჾࡢၥ㢟୍࡛㒊ࢹ࣮ࢱࡀḞᦆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᅗ 1 ほᐹ࠾ࡼࡧヨᩱ᥇ྲྀᆅⅬࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋ Stop 1 Stop 2 Stop 3 Stop 4 Stop 5 Stop 6 Stop 7 Stop 8 Stop 9 Stop 10 Stop 11 Stop 12 Stop 13 Stop 14 Stop 15 Stop 16 Stop 17 Sokehs ᓥ㸦༙ᓥ㸧ࡢすഃᾏᓊࡢ࿘ᅇ㐨㊰ἢ࠸㟢㢌ࠋሢ≧⋞Ṋᒾࢆㄆࡵࡓࠋ Sokehs ᓥࡢすഃᾏᓊࠊ Roie 㞟ⴠෆࡢ࿘ᅇ㐨㊰ἢ࠸㟢㢌ࠋ ゅ♟ࡋࡓ⋞Ṋᒾࢆㄆࡵࡓࠋ Sokehs ᓥす➃ Ipwal ࡢ᥇▼ሙࠋᰕ≧⠇⌮ࡀⓎ㐩ࡋࡓつᶍ࡞㟢㢌ࠋ⋞Ṋᒾ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ ࢮࣀࣜࢫࢆྵࡴࡶࡢࡀぢࡽࢀࡓࠋᐃ᪉ᒾ▼ヨᩱࢆ᥇ྲྀࡋࡓ㸦ヨᩱ␒ྕ PNY01㸧 ࠋ Sokehs ᓥࡢᮾᾏᓊ Penpei ㏆ࡢ࿘ᅇ㐨㊰ἢ࠸㟢㢌ࠋὶືᵓ㐀ࡢぢࡽࢀࡿ⋞Ṋᒾࠋ Nett ᆅ༊ࡢ Kiepw ᕝᨭὶࠋゅ♟ࡋࡓ⋞Ṋᒾࠋ㢼ࡀ㐍⾜ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࢱ࢞ࢿࡀᐜ᫆ ✺ࡁ่ࡉࡾᇙἐࡍࡿࠋ Stop 5 ࡢ⣙ 100m ୖὶࠋᰕ≧⠇⌮ࡢⓎ㐩ࡋࡓ㟢㢌ࠋᐃ᪉ᒾ▼ヨᩱࢆ᥇ྲྀࡋࡓ 㸦PNY02㸧 ࠋ Stop 5㹼6 ࡢୗὶࠋỈ㐨タࡢୗὶഃ࠶ࡿẸᐙ๓ࡢ㐨㊰ἢ࠸㟢㢌ࠋሢ≧⋞Ṋᒾࠋ Stop 7 ࡢୗὶࠋNanpil ㏆ࠋἙᕝᩜ㟢㢌ࠋሢ≧⋞Ṋᒾࠋ Uh ᆅ༊ࠋMesenpal㸦࢞ࢻࡼࡿ Kitttiapas㸧㞟ⴠෆࡢ࿘ᅇ㐨㊰ἢ࠸㟢㢌ࠋᾏഃ㟢 㢌࡛ࡣሢ≧⋞Ṋᒾࡢᐃ᪉ᒾ▼ヨᩱࢆ᥇ྲྀࡋࡓ㸦PNY03㸧 ࠋᒣഃ㟢㢌࡛ࡣ Si ᐩࡴ ࢺࣛ࢝ࢺ㉁࡛ࡸࡸ㉥ࡃࢳࢱ࣮ࣥ࢜ࢪࣕࢺࢆྵࡴᛮࢃࢀࡿ⋞Ṋᒾࡢᐃ᪉ᒾ▼ ヨᩱࢆ᥇ྲྀ㸦PNY04㸧 ࠋ Stop 9 ࡢᩘⓒ࣓࣮ࢺࣝᮾࡢ࿘ᅇ㐨㊰ἢ࠸㟢㢌ࠋ㈏ධࡋࡓᛮࢃࢀࡿᒾ▼ࠋᐃ᪉ ᒾ▼ヨᩱࢆ᥇ྲྀࡋࡓ㸦PNY05㸧 ࠋ Madolenihmw ᆅ༊ࡢ Areu ༙ᓥ㏆ࠋ࿘ᅇ㐨㊰ࡽᾏ᪉ྥྥ࠺㐨㊰ࡢ㌴୧㏻⾜ 㝈⏺Ⅼ㏆ࠋ♟ᒾࠋ Madolenihmw ᆅ༊ࡢ Mesihsou ㏆ࠋ࿘ᅇ㐨㊰ἢ࠸ࡢ㟢㢌ࠋ┤ᚄ 50 cm ⛬ᗘࡢࡁ࡞ ᰕ≧⠇⌮ࡀⓎ㐩ࡋࡓ㟢㢌ࠋᐃ᪉ᒾ▼ヨᩱࢆ᥇ྲྀࡋࡓ㸦PNY06㸧 ࠋ Madolenihmw ᆅ༊ࡢ Keproi ࠋᰕ≧⠇⌮ࡢⓎ㐩ࡋࡓ⋞Ṋᒾࠋᐃ᪉ᒾ▼ヨᩱࢆ᥇ྲྀ ࡋࡓ㸦PNY07㸧 ࠋ Kiti ᆅ༊ࡢ Rohi ㏆ࡢࠋ⋞Ṋᒾ࠾ࡼࡧ㉥〓Ⰽࡢจ⅊ᒾ㉁♟ᒾࠋᐃ᪉࠾ࡼࡧ㠀ᐃ ᪉ᒾ▼ヨᩱࢆ᥇ྲྀࡋࡓ㸦PNY08ࠊPNY09㸧 ࠋ Kiti ᆅ༊ࡢ Sahwartik ࠋ㉥〓Ⰽࡢจ⅊ᒾࠋ Nett ᆅ༊ࡢ Sapwtik ᓥࠋ⯪╔ࡁሙࡢᒾ♋ࠋሢ≧⋞Ṋᒾ࠾ࡼࡧᒙ≧࡛⠇⌮ࡢⓎ㐩ࡋࡓ ⋞Ṋᒾࠋᐃ᪉ᒾ▼ヨᩱࢆ᥇ྲྀࡋࡓ㸦PNY10ࠊPNY11㸧 ࠋ Sokehs ᆅ༊ Kiti ᆅ༊ࡢቃ⏺ࡢ Dolen Pwakorokot㸦Chicken Shit Mountain㸧 ࠋẚ㧗⣙ 80m ࡢⅆᒣᒾ㢕ࠋ㡬ୖ࡛ᰕ≧⠇⌮ࡢⓎ㐩ࡋࡓ⋞Ṋᒾࡢᐃ᪉ᒾ▼ヨᩱࢆ᥇ྲྀࡋࡓ 㸦PNY12㸧 ࠋ 63 Occurrence of Volcanic Rocks and Their Paleomagnetic Property in Pohnpei Island, the Federated States of Micronesia Stop 18 Uh ᆅ༊ࡢ Pahntakaiࠋᓴࡢୗ㒊ࡀᾐ㣗ࡉࢀ࡚ࡢ⫼ᚋᕧ࡞✵㛫ࡢ࠶ࡿሙᡤࠋቨ㠃 ᒙ≧ᒾ▼ࡀศᕸࡍࡿࡢࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓࠋୗ㒊ࡢሢ≧⋞Ṋᒾࡢᐃ᪉ᒾ▼ヨᩱࢆ ᥇ྲྀࡋࡓ㸦PNY13ࠊPNY14㸧 ࠋ Stop 19 Madolenihmw ᆅ༊ࡢ Takaiuh ࡤࢀࡿⅆᒣᒾ㢕ࠋᓥෆࡢ⋞Ṋᒾẚ࡚᫂⅊Ⰽ࡛ ᩳ㛗▼ࠊᶤḘ▼ࢆྵࡴࠋᐃ᪉ᒾ▼ヨᩱࢆ᥇ྲྀࡋࡓ㸦PNY15㸧 ࠋ Stop 20 Takaiuh ࡢ⬥ࠋ⅊Ⰽ࡛ᙅ࠸ᰕ≧⠇⌮ࡢⓎ㐩ࡋࡓ⋞Ṋᒾࠋᐃ᪉ᒾ▼ヨᩱࢆ᥇ྲྀࡋࡓ 㸦PNY16㸧 ࠋ Stop 21 Madolenihmw ᆅ༊ࡢ Temwen ᓥ➃ࠋⅆ○ὶሁ✚≀ࠋᒙ≧ᵓ㐀ࢆ࿊ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ⣭ ᒙ⌮ࡶㄆࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋ㉮ྥഴᩳࡣ N75E26Nࠋ ࡲࡵ ࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥ࡛ࡢᆅ㉁ㄪᰝࡼࡾࠊᓥࢆᵓᡂࡍࡿᒾ▼ࡀඛ⾜◊✲࡛ᣦࡉࢀࡓ㏻ࡾኚ ᐩࡴࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡀ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࠋᒣయࢆᵓᡂࡍࡿ⁐ᒾὶࡳࡽࢀࡿሢ≧࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣᰕ≧ ⠇⌮ࡢⓎ㐩ࡋࡓ⋞ṊᒾࡢࠊStop 9 ࡛ࡳࡽࢀࡓࢺࣛ࢝ࢺ㉁ᛮࢃࢀࡿᒾ▼ࠊStop 19 ࡢ Takaiuh ࡛ࡳࡽࢀࡓ᫂⅊Ⰽࡢᒾ▼࡞ࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀࡿࠋࡉࡽ㖄┤᪉ྥ㛤ࡅࡓ㟢㢌࡛ࡼࡃほᐹ Stop 6 (PNY02) Stop 17 (PNY12) ᅗ 1 㟢㢌␒ྕ㸦Stop-㸧࠾ࡼࡧヨᩱ᥇ྲྀᆅⅬ㸦PNY-㸧 64 KITAMURA Yujin ࡉࢀࡓⅆᒣ⅊㉁ࡢሁ✚≀ࠊStop 21 ࡛ほᐹࡉࢀࡓⅆ○ὶሁ✚≀࡞ⅆᒣᛶሁ✚≀ࡢᏑᅾࡶㄆࡵ ࡽࢀࡓࠋ≉ⅆ○ὶሁ✚≀ࡣỈ୰࡛ሁ✚ࡋࡓࡶࡢᛮࢃࢀࠊᅇほᐹࡉࢀࡓᒾ▼ࡢ୰࡛ࡶ ␗ᙬࢆᨺࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢỈ୰ⅆ○ὶሁ✚≀ࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛ⅆ○ୣ㸦tuff cone㸧ࡋ࡚グ㍕ࡉࢀ࡚ ࠸ࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࠊᅇ᪂ࡓ࡞Ⓨぢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ᚋࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢᒾ▼ヨᩱࡢヲ⣽࡞Ꮫ⤌ᡂศᯒࡸྂᆅ☢ẼᏛⓗศᯒࢆ⾜࠺࡛ࠊᒾ▼Ꮫⓗ ᡂᅉㄽࡸ⁐ᒾࡢྠ௦ᛶࠊ⨨࡞ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢሗࢆ᳨ウࡋࠊ࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥᙧᡂࡢ㐣⛬ࠊࡦ࠸ ࡚ࡣ࢝ࣟࣜࣥㅖᓥࡢᙧᡂࡢ㐣⛬㛵ࡍࡿ▱ぢࡀᚓࡽࢀࡿࡇࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿࠋ ㅰ㎡ ⌧ᆅㄪᰝ࠶ࡓࡾࠊMinistry of Land and Natural Resources Conservation Society of Pohnpei ࡽࡣ㠃ⓗ࡞༠ຊࢆ㡬࠸ࡓࠋ࢞ࢻࡢ Relio Ặࡣ㟢㢌ࢆෆࡋ࡚㡬ࡁࠊ⌧ᆅ࡛ࡢ౽ᐅࢆ ᅗࡗ࡚㡬࠸ࡓࠋDanny Rosenkrans Ặࡣ㈗㔜࡞㟢㢌ࡸᆅ㉁ࡢሗࢆᥦ౪ࡋ࡚㡬࠸ࡓࠋHafiz Ur Rehman ༤ኈࡣㄪᰝ࣭ヨᩱ᥇ྲྀ࡛࠾ୡヰ࡞ࡗࡓࠋᒣᮏ᐀❧༤ኈࠊἙྜ༤ኈࡣㄪᰝࡢ ⏬࣭ᡭ㓄࡛ኚ࠾ୡヰ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢ᪉ࠎㅰពࢆ⾲ࡍࡿࠋ ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ DIXON, T. H., BATIZA, R., FUTA, K. and MARTIN, D. 1984. Petrochemistry, Age and Isotopic Composition of Alkali Basalts from Ponape Island, Western Pacific. Chemical Geology, 43: 1-28. ᒾ⏕࿘୍ 1941㸬ෆ༡ὒ࣏ࢼ࣌ᓥ㞯グ㸬ᆅᏛ㞧ㄅ㸪53㸦8㸧 㸸341-350㸬 KAISER, E. 1903. Beitrage zur Petrographie und Geologie der Deutschen Sudsee Inseln. Jahrbuch die Koniglich Preussischen Geol. Landesanstalt und Bergakademie, 24: 91-121 (in German). KEATING, B. H., MATTEY, D. P., HELSLEY, C. E., NAUGHTON, J. J., EPP, D., LAZAREWICZ, A. and SCHWANK, D. 1984a. Evidence for a Hot Spot Origin of the Caroline Islands. Journal of Geophysical Research, 89: 9937-9948. KEATING, B. H., MATTEY, D. P., NAUGHTON, J. J. and HELSLEY, C. E. 1984b. Age and Origin of Truk Atoll, Eastern Caroline Islands: Geochemical, Radiometric-Age, and Paleomagnetic Evidence. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 95: 350-356. MCCOY, M. D. and ATHENS, J. S. 2012. Sourcing the Megalithic Stones of Nan Madol: An XRF Study of Architectural Basalt Stone from Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia. Journal of Pacific Archeology, 3(1): 105-114. REHMAN, H. U., NAKAYA, H. and KAWAI, K. 2013. Geological Origin of the Volcanic Islands of the Caroline Group in the Federated States of Micronesia, Western Pacific. South Pacific Studies, 33: 101-118. SPENGLER, S. R., PETERSON, F. L. and MINK, J. F. 1992. Geology and Hydrogeology of the Island of Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia. Technical Report No. 189, 79 pp., Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawai`i at Manoa, USA. ྜྷṇᩄ 1936㸬༡ὒㅖᓥ㠀▼⅊ᒾ▼␐グ㸬ᮾᖇᅧᏥ⌮Ꮵ㒊ᆅ㉁Ꮵྂ⏕≀Ꮵᩍᐊ◊✲㑥 ᩥሗ࿌㸪22㸸1-50㸬 65 南太平洋海域調査研究報告 No.56（2015年3月） OCCASIONAL PAPERS No.56（March 2015） ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ㐃㑥࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥ࠾ࡅࡿ ₻㛫ᖏ⏕ᜥࡍࡿᕳ㈅࢟ࣂ࣐࢞ Nerita plicata ࡢ ⏕ᜥ⎔ቃẆⰍከᵝᛶ㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ Ἑྜ Shell Color Polymorphism of Intertidal Gastropod Nerita plicata in Pohnpei Island, the Federated States of Micronesia KAWAI Kei 㮵ඣᓥᏛᅜ㝿ᓥᕋᩍ⫱◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ Research Center for the Pacific Islands, Kagoshima University せ᪨ ࢟ࣂ࣐࢞ࡣࣥࢻኴᖹὒࡢ₻㛫ᖏୖ㒊ࡢᒾ♋ᇦᗈࡃศᕸࡍࡿᕳ㈅࡛ࠊࡇࡢ௰㛫ࡣⓑⰍࡢẆࢆᣢࡘ ࡶࡢẆ⾲㯮Ⅼࢆ♧ࡍࢱࣉࡀ࠶ࡿࡇࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢㄪᰝ࡛ࡣ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ㐃㑥࣏ࣥ࣌ᕞࡢ ࣏ࣥ࣌ᮏᓥ㏆ࡃࡢᓥ࠾࠸࡚ 2014 ᖺ 8 ᭶㔝እほᐹࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ࣏࡛ࣥ࣌ほᐹࡉࢀࡓ࢟ࣂ ࣐࢞ࡣ 3 ࡘࡢẆⰍ㸦ⓑⰍࠊ୍㒊⦤ᶍᵝࠊ㒊⦤ᶍᵝ㸧ࡢࢱࣉࡀほᐹࡉࢀࡓࠋࡇࡢከᵝᛶᙳ㡪ࡍࡿ ࡶࡢࡋ࡚㑇ఏⓗ࡞せᅉ⎔ቃⓗ࡞せᅉࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ ἢᓊᇦࡢᒾ♋ᇦࡣ ᗘኚࡀ⃭ࡋ࠸ࡀࠊከࡃࡢ⏕≀ࡀࡑࡢ⎔ቃ㐺ᛂࡋ⏕ᜥࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࢟ࣂ࣐࢞ Nerita plicata ࡣࣥࢻኴᖹὒࡢ₻㛫ᖏୖ㒊ࡢᒾ♋ᇦᗈࡃศᕸࡍࡿᕳ㈅࡛࠶ࡿ ࠋࡇࡢ௰㛫ࡣⓑⰍࡢẆࢆᣢࡘࡶࡢẆ⾲㯮Ⅼࢆ♧ࡍࢱࣉࡀ࠶ 㸦࣎ࢵࢺ࣭ࢲࣥࢫ 1985㸧 ࡿࡇࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦࣎ࢵࢺ࣭ࢲࣥࢫ 1985, NEVILLE 2003㸧 ࠋ࢟ࣂ࣐࢞⏕ᜥࡍࡿ ᇶ㉁ࡢⰍࡢ㛵ಀࢆゎ᫂ࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ㐃㑥࣏ࣥ࣌ᕞࡢ࣏ࣥ࣌ᮏᓥす㒊 ⨨ࡍࡿ㏆ࡃࡢᓥ࠾ࡼࡧᓥ㛫ぢࡽࢀࡿᆺࡢᒾ࠾࠸࡚ 2014 ᖺ 8 ᭶㔝እほᐹࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ ࢟ࣂ࣐࢞ࡢ㈅Ẇࡑࡢ⏕ᜥᇶ㉁ࢆ୍⥴┿ࡾࠊ◊✲ᐊᣢࡕᐤࡾࠊẆࡢከᵝᛶ ࡑࡢᇶ㉁ࡢ㛵ಀࡘ࠸࡚ㄪᰝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ 66 KAWAI Kei ᅗ 1 ほᐹࡉࢀࡓ⦤ࡀẆయぢࡽࢀࡿࢱࣉ㸦a㸧ⓑⰍࡢࢱࣉ㸦b㸧 ࣏࡛ࣥ࣌ほᐹࡉࢀࡓ࢟ࣂ࣐࢞ࡣ 3 ࡘࡢẆⰍ㸦ⓑⰍࠊ୍㒊⦤ᶍᵝࠊ㒊⦤ᶍᵝ㸧 ࡢࢱࣉࡀほᐹࡉࢀࡓ㸦ᅗ 1㸧 ࠋ୍⯡ἢᓊᇦ࡛ࡣᇶ㉁ࡢⰍࡣᵝࠎ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊẆࡢⰍࡣⓑⰍ ಶయࡀከࡃࢆ༨ࡵ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ⌧Ⅼ࡛ࡣࠊᇶ㉁㈅Ẇࡢከᵝᛶࡢ㛵ಀࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ᫂☜࡞ഴ ྥࡣ♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ2010 ᖺࡢ࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥ࡛ࡢㄪᰝ࠾࠸࡚ࡶ 3 ࢱࣉࡢẆከᵝᛶࡀほᐹ ࡉࢀࠊྠᵝࡢഴྥࡀほᐹࡉࢀࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ2010 ᖺ࡛ࡣᮏᓥࡢ㏆ࡃࡢᑠᓥ࠶ࡿሙᡤ࡛ࡣ ᇦ࡛㯮Ⰽࡢᒾࡀほᐹࡉࢀࠊࡑࡇࡢ࢟ࣂ࣐࢞ࡢẆⰍࡣ୍㒊⦤ᶍᵝࠊ㒊⦤ᶍᵝࡀࢇ ࡛ࠊⓑⰍࡢ㈅Ẇಶయࡣࢇほᐹࡉࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࠋᅇࡢㄪᰝ࡛ࡣࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ഴྥࡣほ ᐹࡉࢀࡎࠊఱ➼ࡢせᅉࡀẆⰍࡁࡃᙳ㡪ࢆ࠼࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡿࠋ ࢟ࣂ࣐࢞ࡣᾋ㐟ᗂ⏕ᮇࢆᣢࡘ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡓࡵࠊ⊃࠸ᆅᇦ࡛ࡣ㑇ఏⓗྠࡌ⪃࠼ࡽ ࢀࡿࡀࠊ」㞧࡞ᆅᙧࡸ⾜ືᵝᘧ࡞ࡀ࠶ࡿẚ㍑ⓗ㏆࠸ᆅᇦ࡛ࡶ㧗࠸㑇ఏⓗከᵝᛶࡀ⥔ᣢ ࡉࢀࡿࠋᚑࡗ࡚ࠊᅇほᐹࡉࢀࡓ࣏ࣥ࣌ᮏᓥ࠾ࡅࡿẆⰍࡢ㐪࠸ࡣࠊఱࡽࡢ⎔ቃせᅉ ㉳ᅉࡋࡓ㑅ᢥᅽࡀ⛶㈅ᮇᙳ㡪ࡋࡇࡢᵝ࡞ẆⰍࡢኚ␗ࢆᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡋࡓྍ⬟ᛶ㸦e.g., MANRÍQUEZ et al. 2009㸧 ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ」㞧࡞㑇ఏᏊὶືࡀࡇࡢᆅᇦࡣ࠶ࡾࠊࡇࡢせᅉࡀᘬࡁ㉳ ࡇࡋࡓྍ⬟ᛶ㸦e.g., GUERRA-VARELA et al. 2009㸧ࡢ୧᪉ࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ ᘬ⏝ᩥ⊩ ࣎ࢵࢺ R. T.࣭ࢲࣥࢫ S. P.㸦Ἴ㒊ᛅ㔜࣭ዟ㇂ႛྖ┘ヂ㸧 1995㸬ୡ⏺ᾏ⏘㈅㢮ᅗ㚷㸪443 㡫㸪ᖹซ♫㸪ᮾி㸬 GUERRA-VARELA, J., COLSON, I., BACKELJAU, T., BREUGELMANS, K., HUGHES, R. N. and ROLAN-ALVAREZ, E. 2009. The Evolutionary Mechanism Maintaining Shell Shape and Molecular Differentiation between Two Ecotypes of the Dogwhelk Nucella lapillus. Evolutionary Ecology, 23: 261-280. MANRÍQUEZ, P. H., LAGOS, N. A., JARA, M. E. and CASTILLA, J. C. 2009. Adaptive Shell Colour Plasticity during the Early Ontogeny of an Intertidal Keystone Snail. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106: 16298-16303. NEVILLE, C. 2003. 2002 Sea Shells: Catalogue of Indo-Pacific Mollusca, 144 pp., Neville Coleman’s Underwater Geographic Pty Ltd, Australia. 67 南太平洋海域調査研究報告 No.56（2015年3月） OCCASIONAL PAPERS No.56（March 2015） ࣏ࣥ࣌ᕞ࠾ࡼࡧࢳ࣮ࣗࢡᕞ࠾ࡅࡿࣈࣘࡢ⏕ᜥㄪᰝ ሯ 㟹 Survey of Blackfly Fauna in Pohnpei and Chuuk States OTSUKA Yasushi 㮵ඣᓥᏛᅜ㝿ᓥᕋᩍ⫱◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ Research Center for the Pacific Islands, Kagoshima University せ᪨ ྾⾑࡛᪻࠶ࡿࣈࣘࡣࠊ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ㐃㑥࡛ࡣࢳ࣮ࣗࢡᕞ࠾࠸࡚ Simulium trukense ࡢ 1 ✀ࡢࡳࡀ▱ࡽ ࢀࡿࡔࡅ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᅇࠊ࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥࡢᕝ࡞ࡢὶỈ⣔࠾࠸࡚ࣈࣘࡢ⏕ᜥㄪᰝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࣈࣘࡢ⏕ᜥ 㐺ࡍࡿὶࢀࡣከࡃ࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊࡑࡢὶỈᇦࣈࣘࡣ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊࢳ࣮ࣗࢡᕞࡢ Weno ᓥ Tonowas ᓥ࡛ࡣ S. trukense ࡢ⏕ᜥࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋSimulium trukense ࡀᒓࡍࡿ Inseliellum ளᒓࡢᆅ⌮ⓗศᕸࡢ≉ᚩࢆ᳨ウ ࡋࡓࠋ ࡣࡌࡵ ࣈࣘࡣࣇࣜ࢝ࡸ୰༡⡿࡛ࡣࣄࢺ࢜ࣥࢥࢭࣝ࢝ࢆ㉳ࡇࡍ Onchocerca volvulus ࢆ፹ࡍࡿ ࡇࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡶື≀ࠊ㫽ࡢࣇࣛࣜࡸ࢘ࣝࢫࢆ፹ࡍࡿࡇࡽࠊࣈࣘࡣ ་Ꮫⓗࡲࡓࡣ⋇་Ꮫⓗ㔜せ࡞྾⾑࡛᪻࠶ࡿࠋ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ㐃㑥࡛ࡣࢳ࣮ࣗࢡᕞ࠾࠸࡚ Simulium trukense ࡢ 1 ✀ࡢࡳࡀ▱ࡽࢀࡿࡔࡅ࡛࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊᅇ࣏ࣥ࣌ᕞ࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥ ࠾࠸࡚ࣈࣘࡀ⏕ᜥࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠺ࢆㄪᰝࡋࡓࠋ ᪉ἲ 2014 ᖺ 8 ᭶ 4 ᪥ࡽ 8 ᪥࣏ࣥ࣌ᕞ࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥࡢ NettࠊMadokenihmwࠊKitti ᆅ༊ࡢỈ⣔ 㸦ࠊᕝࠊᑠᕝ㸧㸦ᶆ㧗 10㹼120mࠊᕝᖜ 0.2㹼20mࠊỈ 24㹼26°C㸧࡛ὶỈ୰ࡢỈⲡࠊ ᮌࡢᯞࠊ▼࡞╔ࡍࡿࣈࣘࡢᗂࡲࡓࡣ⻈ࢆ᥈ࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊᑐ↷ࡋ࡚ࢳ࣮ࣗࢡᕞࡢ Weno ᓥ Tonowas ᓥ࡛ࡶࣈࣘࡢ᥇㞟ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ 68 OTSUKA Yasushi ⤖ᯝ⪃ᐹ ᅇㄪᰝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥ࡛ࡣࣈࣘࡢ⏕ᜥࡣዲ᮲௳ᛮࢃࢀࡿἙᕝࡀከࡃᏑᅾࡍࡿࡶࠊ ᗂࡸ⻈ࡣぢࡘࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ୍᪉ࠊࢳ࣮ࣗࢡᕞ Weno ᓥࡢ 3 ⟠ᡤࠊTonowas ᓥࡢ 2 ⟠ᡤࡢ Ἑᕝ࡚ S. trukense ࢆ᥇㞟ࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࠊࢳ࣮ࣗࢡᕞ࡛ࡣ Weno ᓥ Tol ᓥ࡛ࡢࡳศᕸࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡢࡳࡔࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࠊTonowas ᓥ࡛ࡣึࡢグ㘓࡞ࡿ㸦ᅗ 1㸧 ࠋ Simulium trukense ࡀᒓࡍࡿ Simulium ᒓ Inseliellum ளᒓࡣ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ࡛ࡣࢳ࣮ࣗࢡᕞ௨እ ࡛ࡣࢢ࣒ศᕸࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡉࡽࠊInseliellum ளᒓࡣ㐲ࡃ࣏ࣜࢿࢩࡢࢯࢩ࢚ࢸㅖᓥࠊ ࢡࢵࢡㅖᓥࠊ࣐࣮ࣝ࢟ࢬㅖᓥࡑࡢศᕸࢆᗈࡆ࡚࠸ࡿࠋCRAIG et al.㸦2001㸧ࡣ Inseliellum ளᒓࡢศᕸࢆᓥᕋࡢᆅ㉁ࡢṔྐ㛵㐃࡙ࡅ࡚ㄽࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢ୰࡛⣔⤫ⓗ♽ඛ⣔ࡉࢀࡿ ✀ࡣྂ࠸ᓥศᕸࡋࠊὴ⏕ⓗ࡞✀ࡣ᪂ࡋࡃ࡛ࡁࡓᓥศᕸࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋSimulium trukense ࡣ ⣔⤫ⓗࡣ♽ඛ⣔ࡉࢀࠊࢳ࣮ࣗࢡᕞࡶ 10.9Mya㸦14.8㹼4.0Mya㸧 Inseliellum ளᒓࡀศᕸ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᓥࡢ୰࡛ࡣྂ࠸ᓥࠎ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢢ࣒ࡣ 33.2Mya㸦43.8㹼13.5Mya㸧ࡉࡽྂ࠸ᓥ࡛ࠊ ศᕸࡍࡿ S. guamense ࡶ♽ඛ⣔࡛࠶ࡿࠋᑐࡋ࡚ࠊ࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥࡣ 5.2Mya㸦8.6㹼3.0Mya㸧 ᪂ࡋ࠸ᓥ࡛࠶ࡿࠋCRAIG et al.㸦2001㸧ࡣ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ Inseliellum ளᒓࡢ♽ඛࡀศᕸࢆ ᗈࡆࡓࡢࡀ 20Mya ᥎ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢᚋࢢ࣒ࠊࢳ࣮ࣗࢡᕞ࡛ศᕸࢆᗈࡆࡓࡀࠊ࣏ࣥ࣌ ᓥࡲ࡛ศᕸࡀᗈࡀࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࡢࡣᆅ㉁ࡢṔྐⓗ࡞せᅉࡼࡿࡢࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ ࡓࡔࠊ ࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥࡣࢳ࣮ࣗࢡᕞࡢᓥࠎẚ࡚ᶆ㧗ࡀ㧗࠸ 㸦Tol ᓥ 446mࠊ ࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥ 772m㸧 ࠋ ࣈࣘࡣ⎔ቃࡢ␗࡞ࡿ㧗ᆅࡣ␗࡞ࡿࣈࣘ✀ࡀ⏕ᜥࡍࡿሙྜࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊᅇ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡗࡓ 㧗ᆅ࡛ࡢㄪᰝࢆ⾜࠸ࣈࣘࡢ⏕ᜥࡢ᭷↓ࢆᚋ☜ㄆࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ ᅗ1 Simulium trukense ࡢ⻈㸦ᕥ㸧࠾ࡼࡧ㞤ᡂ㸦ྑ㸧 ᘬ⏝ᩥ⊩ CRAIG, D. A., CURRIE, D. C. and JOY, D. A. 2001. Geographical History of the Central – Western Pacific Black Fly Subgenus Inseliellum (Diptera: Simuliidae: Simulium) Based on a Reconstructed Phylogeny of the Species, Hot-Spot Archipelagoes and Hydrological Considerations. Journal of Biogeography, 28: 1101-1127. 69 南太平洋海域調査研究報告 No.56（2015年3月） OCCASIONAL PAPERS No.56（March 2015） ࣏ࣥ࣌ᕞ࠾ࡼࡧࢳ࣮ࣗࢡᕞ࠾ࡅࡿ㣗ㄪᰝ ᒣᮏ᐀❧ Dietary Patterns in Pohnpei and Chuuk States YAMAMOTO Sota 㮵ඣᓥᏛᅜ㝿ᓥᕋᩍ⫱◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ Research Center for the Pacific Islands, Kagoshima University せ᪨ ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ㐃㑥࡛ࡣࠊ1950 ᖺ௦ࡲ࡛࠸ࢃࡺࡿࠕఏ⤫ⓗࠖ࡞㣗⏕άࡀႠࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡀࠊ1960 ᖺ ௦࣓ࣜ࢝ྜ⾗ᅜ㎰ົ┬ࡀ⿵ຓ⤥㣗ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆ㛤ጞࡋ࡚௨㝆ࠊ ࠕ㏆௦ⓗࠖ࡞㣗⨨ࡁࢃࡗ ࡚࠸ࡗࡓࡉࢀࡿࠋࡋࡋࠊ㣗ࡀࠕ㏆௦ࠖࡋࡓࡣ࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡢࠊࡑࢀࢆࡅࡿヲ⣽࡞ࢹ࣮ ࢱࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛Ⓨ⾲ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ㐃㑥࣏ࣥ࣌ᕞࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉᓥ࠾ࡼࡧ ࢳ࣮ࣗࢡᕞࣆࢫ࣭ࣃࢿ࢘ᓥ࠾࠸࡚㣗ㄪᰝࢆ࠾ࡇ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ୧ᓥ࠾࠸࡚ࣃࣥࣀ࢟ࡸࣂࢼࢼࠊ Ⱎ㢮ࠊᾏ⏘≀ࡢᾘ㈝㢖ᗘࡀ㧗ࡗࡓࠋࣆࢫ࣭ࣃࢿ࢘ᓥ࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㍺ධ㣗ရ࡛࠶ࡿ⡿ࡸ㨶ࡢ⨁ワࠊ ༶ᖍ㯝ࡢᾘ㈝㢖ᗘࡶྠᵝ㧗ࡗࡓࠋࣆࢫ࣭ࣃࢿ࢘ᓥࡣࢳ࣮ࣗࢡᕞࡢᓥ࡛࠶ࡿ࢙࢘ࣀᓥ㏆ࡃࠊ ㍺ධ㣗ရࢆධᡭࡋࡸࡍ࠸ࡀࠊࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉᓥࡣ࣏ࣥ࣌ᕞࡢᓥ࡛࠶ࡿ࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥࡢ㏻ ࡀᝏࡃࠊࡼࡾࠕఏ⤫ⓗࠖ࡞㣗⏕άࢆႠࢇ࡛࠸ࡿᛮࢃࢀࡓࠋ ࡣࡌࡵ ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ㐃㑥࡛ࡣࠊ1950 ᖺ௦ࡲ࡛࠸ࢃࡺࡿࠕఏ⤫ⓗࠖ࡞㣗⏕ά㸦ࣃࣥࣀ࢟ࡸ Ⱎ㢮ࠊࣂࢼࢼࠊᾏ⏘≀࡞㸧ࡀႠࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡀ㸦MURAI 1954㸧 ࠊ1960 ᖺ௦࣓ࣜ࢝ ྜ⾗ᅜ㎰ົ┬ࡀ⿵ຓ⤥㣗ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆ㛤ጞࡋ࡚௨㝆ࠊ ࠕ㏆௦ⓗࠖ࡞㣗㸦⡿ࡸᑠ㯏⢊ࠊ ◁⢾ࠊ⬡⫫ศᐩࡴ㣗ရࠊ㍺ධຍᕤ㣗ရ࡞㸧⨨ࡁࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡗࡓࡉࢀࡿ 㸦ENGLBERGER et al. 2003㸧 ࠋ㣗ࡢ㏆௦క࠸ࠊ⢾ᒀࡸ㧗⾑ᅽࠊᚰ⮚ᝈ࡞ࡢ 㔜࡞ᗣၥ㢟ࢆᢪ࠼ࡿࡇ࡞ࡗࡓ㸦e.g., 㔝ᮧࡽ 2005㸧 ࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊ㍺ධ㣗ရ ẚ࡚࢝ࣟࢸࣥ㢮ࡸࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ㢮ࢆࡼࡾከࡃ᭷ࡍࡿᆅඖ㣗ᮦࡢ⏝ࠊࡑࡋ࡚ከᵝ࡞ⶰ⳯ 㢮ࡢᑟධࡀᨻᗓࡸ NGO ࡼࡗ࡚ዡບࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓ㸦ENGLBERGER et al. 2009㸧 ࠋࡋࡋࠊ 㣗ࡀࠕ㏆௦ࠖࡋࡓࡣ࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡢࠊࡑࢀࢆࡅࡿヲ⣽࡞ࢹ࣮ࢱࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛ Ⓨ⾲ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ㐃㑥࣏ࣥ࣌ᕞࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉᓥ࠾ࡼࡧ ࢳ࣮ࣗࢡᕞࣆࢫ࣭ࣃࢿ࢘ᓥ࠾࠸࡚ヲ⣽࡞㣗ㄪᰝࢆ࠾ࡇ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ 70 YAMAMOTO Sota Pingelap Atoll 1km Federated States of Micronesia Deke I. Sukoru I. Pingelap I. Chuuk Atoll Piis-Paneu I. Weno I. Oceania 20km 2000km ᅗ 1 ㄪᰝᆅ ㄪᰝ᪉ἲ ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ㐃㑥࣏ࣥ࣌ᕞࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉᓥ㸦2012 ᖺ 8 ᭶㹼2014 ᖺ 1 ᭶㸧࠾ࡼࡧ ࢳ࣮ࣗࢡᕞࣆࢫ࣭ࣃࢿ࢘ᓥ㸦2012 ᖺ 9 ᭶㹼2013 ᖺ 8 ᭶㸧࠾࠸࡚㣗ㄪᰝࢆ࠾ࡇ࡞ ࡗࡓ㸦ᅗ 1㸧 ࠋㄪᰝ⾲ࡢ㡯┠ࡣࠊస≀㸦⡿ࠊࣃࣥࣀ࢟ࠊCyrtosperma merkusiiࠊࣂࢼࢼࠊ ࡑࡢ㸧 ࠊᾏ⏘≀㸦㩭㨶ࠊᖸ≀ࠊ⨁ワࠊࡑࡢ㸧 ࠊ⫗㢮㸦⢭⫗ࠊ⨁ワ㸧 ࠊࡑࡢ㸦㯝㢮ࠊ 㔝⳯㸧ࡋࡓࠋྛ㡯┠ࡢ㢖ᗘࡣࠊ㣗ฟ࡚ࡁࡓᅇᩘ㸭㣗ࡢ⥲ᅇᩘ㸦ᮅ࣭࣭ᬌ ᪥ᩘ㸧࡛♧ࡋࡓࠋ ⤖ᯝ࠾ࡼࡧ⪃ᐹ ㍺ධ㣗ရ ⡿ࡢᾘ㈝㢖ᗘࡣࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉᓥ㸦PLP-A㸸65.7%ࠊPLP-B㸸33.2%ࠊ18 ࢝᭶ᖹᆒ㸧 ẚ࡚ࣆࢫ࣭ࣃࢿ࢘ᓥࡢ᪉ࡀ㧗ࡗࡓ㸦PIS-A㸸99.3%ࠊPIS-B㸸96.3%ࠊPIS-C㸸72.1%ࠊ 12 ࢝᭶ᖹᆒ㸹⾲ 1㸧 ࠋࡢ㍺ධ㣗ရࠊ࠼ࡤ㨶ࡢ⨁ワ㸦PLP-A㸸2.8%ࠊPLP-B㸸1.0%ࠊ PIS-A㸸78.3%ࠊPIS-B㸸34.6%ࠊPIS-C㸸23.4%㸧ࠊ⫗ࡢ⨁ワ㸦PLP-A㸸1.4%ࠊPLP-B㸸0.5%ࠊ PIS-A㸸52.1%ࠊPIS-B㸸2.3%ࠊPIS-C㸸8.1%㸧 ࠊ༶ᖍ㯝㸦PLP-A㸸22.5%ࠊPLP-B㸸9.9%ࠊ PIS-A㸸87.4%ࠊPIS-B㸸51.2%ࠊPIS-C㸸43.1%㸧ࡶࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉᓥẚ࡚ࣆࢫ࣭ࣃࢿ ࢘ᓥࡢ᪉ࡀᾘ㈝㢖ᗘࡣ㧗ࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉᓥࡢ㏻㛵ಀࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ ᛮࢃࢀࡓࠋ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ㐃㑥ࡣᅜෆ㐃⤡⯪ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊẚ㍑ⓗᏳ౯㈌≀ࢆ㐠ࡪࡇࡀ ࡛ࡁࡿࡀࠊ2012 ᖺ 8 ᭶ࡽ 2013 ᖺ 8 ᭶ࡢ㛫ࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉ⎔♋ࡣᅇࡋ᮶ᓥࡋ ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ㤳㒔ࡢ࠶ࡿ࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥࡽࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉ⎔♋㍍㣕⾜ᶵࡀᐃᮇ㐠⯟ࡋ ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊⲴ≀ 1 ࣏ࣥࢻࡘࡁ 0.75 ⡿ࢻࣝㄢࡉࢀࠊ㍺㏦㈝ࡀ㠀ᖖ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿࡓࡵࠊ 71 Dietary Patterns in Pohnpei and Chuuk States ᓥẸࡢ⏝ࡣ㝈ᐃⓗ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀẚ࡚ࠊࣆࢫ࣭ࣃࢿ࢘ᓥࡣ⯪እᶵࡁࡢᑠᆺ⯪࡛ ࢳ࣮ࣗࢡᕞࡢᓥ࢙࢘ࣀᓥ 1 㛫⛬ᗘ࡛⾜ࡃࡇࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠋᓥேࡣ㢖⦾ ࢙࢘ࣀᓥࢆゼࢀࠊ㍺ධ㣗ရࡸ㞧㈌࡞ࢆ㉎ධ࡛ࡁࡿࡓࡵࠊ㍺ධ㣗ရࡢᾘ㈝㢖ᗘࡀ㧗࠸ ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋ ᓥෆ⏘ࡢస≀࠾ࡼࡧᾏ⏘≀ ࡍ࡚ࡢㄪᰝୡᖏ࠾࠸࡚ࣃࣥࣀ࢟ࡢᾘ㈝㢖ᗘࡀ㧗ࡗࡓࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊࣃࣥࣀ࢟ࡢ ⏝ࡣᏘ⠇ᛶࡀࡳࡽࢀࡿࡓࡵࠊࣃࣥࣀ࢟ࢆ⏝࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡁࡣࣂࢼࢼࡸ C. merkusii ࡢ⏝㢖ᗘࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓ㸦⾲ 1㸧 ࠋ㨶ࡢᾘ㈝㢖ᗘࡣᖺ㛫ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚࠶ࡲࡾኚືࡏࡎࠊ 㠀ᖖ㧗࠸㢖ᗘ࡛⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀࢃࡗࡓ㸦PLP-A㸸67.4%ࠊPLP-B㸸54.9%ࠊPIS-A㸸 81.1%ࠊPIS-B㸸68.5%ࠊPIS-C㸸69.2%㸧 ࠋ⌧ᅾ࡛ࡶ୧ᓥ࠾࠸࡚ࠕఏ⤫ⓗࠖ࡞㣗⏕άࡀ Ⴀࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ࣆࢫ࣭ࣃࢿ࢘ᓥẚ㍑ࡋ࡚ࠊࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉᓥ࡛ࡣձ㨶ࡢ≀ࡸ㈅㢮ࡢ⏝㢖ᗘࡀ 㠀ᖖప࠸ࠊղ⢭⫗ࡢ⏝㢖ᗘప࠸ࠊճ㍺ධ㣗ရ㸦≉⨁ワࡸࣥࢫࢱࣥࢺ㯝㸧ࢆ ࠶ࡲࡾ⏝ࡋ࡞࠸ࠊ࠸࠺┦㐪Ⅼࡀࡳࡽࢀࡓࠋࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉᓥࡢ᪉ࡀࡼࡾࠕఏ⤫ⓗࠖ ࡞㣗⏕άࢆႠࢇ࡛࠸ࡿᛮࢃࢀࡓࠋKAWAI et al.㸦2010, 2011㸧ࡣࠕ࠶ࡿᓥࡀࡼࡾ㒔ᕷ 㸦୰ᚰࡢᓥ㸧㏆࠸ࡑࡢᓥࡣࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝࡢᙳ㡪ࢆᙉࡃཷࡅࡸࡍࡃࠊ㏫ࠊ࠶ࡿ ᓥࡀ㒔ᕷ㸦୰ᚰࡢᓥ㸧ࡽ㐲࠸ࡑࡢᓥࡣࡼࡾఏ⤫ⓗ࡞⏕άࡀṧࡿࠖᥦゝࡋ࡚ ࠸ࡿࠋᅇࡢ㣗ㄪᰝࡢ⤖ᯝࡣࡑࡢ௬ㄝࢆᨭᣢࡍࡿᛮࢃࢀࡓࠋ ⾲ 1 ࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉᓥ࠾ࡼࡧࣆࢫ࣭ࣃࢿ࢘ᓥ࠾ࡅࡿ㣗ㄪᰝ⤖ᯝ㸦%㸧 Pingelap Island Piis-Paneu Island Aug. 2012 to Jan. 2014 Sep. 2012 to Aug. 2013 (18-month average) (12-month average) PLP-A PLP-B PIS-A PIS-B PIS-C Starchy staples 65.7 33.2 99.3 96.3 72.1 Rice 20.4 13.7 90.2 37.6 77.3 Breadfruit 18.7 16.7 41.5 10.1 13.5 Cyrtosperma 41.2 22.5 62.4 32.6 49.1 Banana 5.2 1.5 66.7 0.0 11.2 Others Marine resources 67.4 54.9 81.1 68.5 69.2 Fresh fish 0.2 0.1 42.9 34.1 33.4 Dried fish 2.8 1.0 78.3 34.6 23.4 Canned fish 1.2 4.7 42.1 12.2 29.0 Others Meat 5.4 2.7 27.5 30.5 12.5 Fresh 1.4 0.5 52.1 2.3 8.1 Canned Others 22.5 9.9 87.4 51.2 43.1 Noodle 1.2 0.1 67.9 0.5 16.5 Vegetable 27.7 9.7 59.7 4.5 11.9 Fruit 72 YAMAMOTO Sota ᘬ⏝ᩥ⊩ ENGLBERGER, L., MARKS, G. C. and FITZGERALD, M. H. 2003. Insights on Food and Nutrition in the Federated States of Micronesia: A Review of the Literature. Public Health Nutrition, 61: 5-17. ENGLBERGER, L., SCHIERLE, J., HOFMANN, P., LORENS, A., ALBERT, K., LEVENDUSKY, A., PAUL, Y., LICKANETH, E., ELYMORE, A., MADDISON, M., DEBRUM, I., NEMRA, J., ALFRED, J., VANDER VELDE, N. and KRAEMER, K. 2009. Carotenoid and Vitamin Content of Micronesian Atoll Foods: Pandanus (Pandanus tectorius) and Garlic Pear (Crataeva speciosa) Fruit. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 22: 1-8. KAWAI, K., KUWAHARA, S., ONJO, M., NODA, S., NISHIMURA, A., TOMINAGA, S. and NAGASHIMA, S. 2010. The Influence of Environmental Changes on the Micronesian Area: A Case Study of Islands in Pohnpei State, Federated States of Micronesia. South Pacific Studies, 30(2): 23-43. KAWAI, K., KUWAHARA, S., TERADA, R., TOMINAGA, S., NODA, S. and NAGASHIMA, S. 2011. Influence of Environmental Changes on the Micronesian Region: Case Study of Islands in the Yap State, Federated States of Micronesia. South Pacific Studies, 31(2): 57-70. MURAI, M. 1954. Nutrition Study in Micronesia. Atoll Research Bulletin, 27: 1-239. 㔝ᮧ⚽୍࣭᪂ᐑဴྖ࣭୰⏣⠜⠊࣭Ⲕᒣ୍ᙲ࣭ఀ⸨๛࣭ఀ⸨᭷ᓠ 2005㸬࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ 㐃㑥ࢳ࣮ࣗࢡᕞᓥẸࡣ⫧‶࣭⢾ᒀࡢ㢖ᗘࡀከ࠸㸫2002ࠥ2004 ᖺ࠾ࡅࡿ㞟ᅋ デࡢ᳨ウ㸫㸬ᗈᓥ་Ꮫ㸪58㸸562-565㸬 73 南太平洋海域調査研究報告 No.56（2015年3月） OCCASIONAL PAPERS No.56（March 2015） ࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉᓥࡢ㣴Ꮚไᗘ 㸫ᐙ᪘࣭ぶ᪘࣭፧ጻࡢኚᐜࡢ㛵ࢃࡾ࠾࠸࡚㸫 ୰㇂⣧Ụ Adoption in the Change of Family, Kinship, and Marriage: A Case Study of Pingelap Island NAKATANI Sumie 㮵ඣᓥᏛᅜ㝿㐃ᦠ᥎㐍ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ Center for International Planning, Kagoshima University せ᪨ ࠋ ࢜ࢭࢽ࠾࠸࡚㣴Ꮚ័⾜ࡣᗈࡃほᐹࡉࢀࠊከࡃࡢே㢮Ꮫ◊✲࡛㆟ㄽࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓ㸦NAKATANI 2013㸧 ࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉᓥ㛵ࡍࡿඛ⾜◊✲ࡼࢀࡤࠊ┦⥆ࡸ፧ጻ࡞ぶ᪘ไᗘࡣࠊேཱྀቑຍࡶ㐍ࡋࠊ ࠋ࠼ࡤࠊ㔜┦⥆ࡣ ᓥࡢ㝈ࡽࢀࡓᅵᆅከࡃࡢேࡀᬽࡽࡍࡇࢆྍ⬟ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓ㸦DAMAS 1983, 1994㸧 ᡤ᭷ᆅࡀ」ᩘಶᡤࡕࡽࡤࡿ⤖ᯝࡘ࡞ࡀࡿࡀࠊࡑࢀࡀࢭ࢟ࣗࣜࢸࡢᙺࢆᯝࡓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢ ᅵᆅࡀሷỈࡸࡽࢀ࡚ࡶࠊูࡢࡇࢁⰞ㢮ࡢ✭ࡀᮇᚅ࡛ࡁࡿࡓࡵ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㣴Ꮚ័⾜ࡶྠᵝᅵᆅࡢ ┦⥆⤖ࡧࡘ࠸࡚┒ࢇ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉᓥࡢ㣴Ꮚ័⾜↔Ⅼࢆ࠶࡚ࠊᓥࡢ ேཱྀῶᑡ࠸࠺㏆ᖺࡢ≧ἣୗ࡛ᐙ᪘ࡸ፧ጻࠊぶ᪘ไᗘࡢኚᐜࡘ࠸࡚᫂ࡽࡍࡿࡶࠊࢥ࣑ࣗࢽ ࢸࡢ⥔ᣢ࣭Ⓨᒎࡢ᪉ྥᛶࢆ⪃ᐹࡍࡿࠋ ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ㐃㑥࣏ࣥ࣌ᕞྵࡲࢀࡿࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉ⎔♋ᓥࡣࠊࡢ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩࡢ ᓥࠎྠᵝ 1960 ᖺ௦ᛴ⃭࡞ேཱྀቑຍࢆ⤒㦂ࡋࠊࡑࡢᚋ 80 ᖺ௦௨㝆ࡣ㏫⛣ఫࡼࡿ ேཱྀῶᑡࡀ࠾ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⌧ᅾࠊᅵᆅᡤ᭷⪅ࡢከࡃࡣᓥᒃఫࡋ࡚࠾ࡽࡎࠊⲨࢀ࡚ᨺᲠࡉࢀ ࡿᅵᆅࡀቑ࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢲ࣐ࢫ㸦DAMAS 1994㸧ࡀ࠸࠺ࡼ࠺ࠊᓥࡀᨭ࠼ࡿேཱྀぶ᪘ไᗘ㸦┦ ⥆ࡸ፧ጻࡸ㣴Ꮚ࡞㸧ࡀ⤖ࡧࡘ࠸࡚㐍ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࡍࢀࡤࠊ⌧ᅾࡢ㐣࠾࠸࡚ࡇࢀࡽ ࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡶኚࢆవ࡞ࡃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ ᖺᗘᐇࡋࡓࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉᓥ࡛ࡢணഛⓗ࡞⪺ࡁྲྀࡾㄪᰝ࠾࠸࡚ࠊ㣴Ꮚ័⾜ࡣ 60 ᖺ௦ࡲ࡛ࡈࡃ୍⯡ⓗࠊぶ᪘㛫࡛┒ࢇ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡇࡀ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ㣴Ꮚࡣࠊ 㣴⫱ࢆ┠ⓗࡍࡿࡶࡢ㸦naiyapar㸧ᅵᆅࡢศࢆ┠ⓗࡍࡿࡶࡢ㸦pwekpwek㸧ࡢ㏻ࡾ ࡀ࠶ࡿࡀࠊ㏆ᖺࡣ≉ᚋ⪅ࡢࢱࣉࡢ㣴Ꮚࡀぢࡽࢀ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㣴Ꮚ័⾜ࡢኚࡣࠊ ࡋ࡚ேཱྀᅽࡢၥ㢟ࡸᅵᆅ┦⥆ไᗘ࡞⤒῭ⓗ࡞せ⣲ࡽㄝ᫂ࡍࡿࡇࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ 74 NAKATANI Sumie ୧ぶᏊ౪ࡽ࡞ࡿすḢⓗ㏆௦ᐙ᪘ࡢᴫᛕࡀࠊ࢟ࣜࢫࢺᩍࡢᕸᩍࡶࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉ ♫ᾐ㏱ࡋ࡚࠸ࡗࡓࡇࡶᙳ㡪ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋᚋࠊࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉ♫ࡢぶ᪘㛵 ಀࡢヲ⣽ࢆㄪᰝࡋࠊேࠎࡢ♫ⓗࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡢᗈࡀࡾࠊࡑࡢᶵ⬟ࡢᐇែࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿ ணᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㣴Ꮚ័⾜↔Ⅼࢆ࠶࡚࡞ࡀࡽᐙ᪘ࡸぶ᪘ࠊ፧ጻไᗘࡢኚᐜࢆぢࡿࡇࢆ㏻ࡋ ࡚ࠊ᭱⤊ⓗࡣࠊᓥࡢேཱྀࡢῶᑡࠊ⛣ືࡢၥ㢟ࡘ࠸࡚⪃ᐹࡍࡿࠋ ࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉᓥࡽእࡢ⛣ఫࡀጞࡲࡗࡓࡢࡣࠊ20 ୡ⣖ึ㢌ࡢࡇ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ1960 ᖺ௦ ࡣ࣏ࣥ࣌ᮏᓥࡢࢥࣟࢽ࣮ࡢ⛣ఫࡀつᶍぢࡽࢀࡓࠋ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩࡀ⡿ᅜࡢಙク ⤫㡿࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡽࠊ㏆ᖺࡣከࡃࡢேࠎࡀࢢ࣒ࡸࢧࣃࣥࡸྜ⾗ᅜᮏᅵ⛣ືࡋ࡚ ࠸ࡿࠋࡇ࠺ࡋࡓᅜቃࢆ㉺࠼ࡿ㏆ᖺࡢ⛣ືࡣࠊᩥே㢮Ꮫ࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊࢺࣛࣥࢫࢼࢩࣙࢼࣝ ◊✲ࡢᯟ⤌ࡳ࡛㆟ㄽࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ࠼ࡤࠊ㏆ᖺࡢ⛣ືࡣࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ࡞ᨻ⤒῭ᵓ㐀ࡢ 㛵ಀ࡛ㄝ᫂ࡉࢀࠊಶேࡸୡᖏࡢᡓ␎ࡋ࡚ࠊኚࡢ΅㐣⛬ࡋ࡚ㄽࡌࡽࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ ࡋࡋࠊ⛣ືࡍࡿᮏேࡸ⛣ఫ⪅ࢆ㍮ฟࡍࡿୡᖏࢆ◊✲ᑐ㇟ࡍࡿࡔࡅ࡛ࡣࠊᓥṧࡉࢀࡓ 㠀⛣ఫ⪅ࢆ᰾ࡍࡿࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉࡢேࠎࠊࡘࡲࡾṧࡉࢀࡓഃࡢேࠎࡀᏲࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࠕᆅᇦ♫ ࠖࡸࠕぶ᪘㞟ᅋࠖయࡗ࡚ࡢ⛣ఫࡢពࢆ⌮ゎࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋ ᐇ㝿ࠊࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉᓥࡗ࡚ࠊࡇࢀ௨ୖᨺᲠᆅࡀࡩ࠼ࡿᆅᇦ♫ࡢᬽࡽࡋࡣᡂࡾ❧ ࡓ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡿᠱᛕࡀ࠶ࡾࠊᐙ᪘ࡸぶ᪘ࡢඹ᭷㈨※㸦ᐙᒇࠊⰞ㢮ࡢ⏿ࠊࢥࢥࣖࢩࠊࣃࣥࣀ࢟➼㸧 ࡢ⏝࣭⟶⌮࣭ᡤ᭷ࢆࡵࡄࡿၥ㢟ࡣࠊ⛣ఫ⪅㠀⛣ఫ⪅ࡢ᪉ࡗ࡚ᠱࡢ㡯࡞ࡗ ࡚࠸ࡿࠋཪࠊ⛣ఫ⪅ࡢከࡃࡣࠊᆅ⌮ⓗ✵㛫ࢆ㉺࠼࡚ࠊᅵᆅᡤ᭷ࡸぶ᪘㛵ಀࠊ፧ጻࡼࡿࡘ ࡞ࡀࡾ࡞ᵝࠎ࡞㛵ಀࢆ⥔ᣢࡋ⥆ࡅ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉᆅᇦ♫ࡣᓥ࠸࠺ᆅ⌮ⓗ✵㛫 ࢆ㉺࠼࡚Ꮡᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ᮏ◊✲ࡣࠊ⛣ఫ⪅ࡶྵࡵࡓࠕࢺࣛࣥࢫ࣮࣭ࣟ࢝ࣝࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉ࣭ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖࡢேࠎ ࡗ࡚ࡢ⛣ఫࢆ⪃ᐹࡍࡿࡇࢆ᭱⤊┠ⓗࡍࡿࠋලయⓗࡣࠊ1㸧᪥ࡢ⤒῭ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ୗ ࡛ࠊ⏕Ꮡࡢࡓࡵࡢ㈨※ࡢከࡃࡀᓥእ౫Ꮡࡋࠊᓥࡢேཱྀࡀῶᑡࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ୰࡛ࠊᐙ᪘ࡸぶ᪘ ࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࠊ≉ᅵᆅ┦⥆㛵ࢃࡿ፧ጻࡸ㣴Ꮚ័⾜ࡀࡢࡼ࠺ኚࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࢆㄪᰝ ࡋࠊ᪂ࡓ࡞⤒῭ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᐙ᪘ࡸ፧ጻࡸぶ᪘ࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᑐᛂࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࠋ2㸧ࢢࣟ ࣮ࣂࣝࡢ୰࡛ࠊேࡢ⛣ືࡸሗఏ㐩ࡀⴭࡋࡃᐜ᫆࡞ࡗࡓࡇ࡛ࠊᆅ⌮ⓗ✵㛫ࢆ㉺࠼࡚ ᗈࡀࡿࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉࡢேࠎࡢࡘ࡞ࡀࡾࠊࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࢆ᪂ࡓ࡞♫㈨ᮏࡋ࡚ᤊ࠼ࠊேࠎ ࡀ♫ⓗࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࢆά⏝ࡋ࡚ࠊᓥࡢᅵᆅࡸ᳜≀࡞ࡢ⮬↛㈨※ཬࡧࠊఏ⤫つ⠊ࡸ▱㆑ ࡸᢏ⬟࡞ᩥ㈨※ࢆྵࡴࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢඹ᭷㈨※ࢆࡢࡼ࠺⥔ᣢࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡢࠊ ࠕࢺࣛࣥࢫ࣮࣭ࣟ࢝ࣝࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉ࣭ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࠖࡢⓎᒎࡢ᪉ྥᛶࢆᅗࡍࡿࠋ ᘬ⏝ᩥ⊩ DAMAS, D. 1983. Demography and Kinship as Variables of Adoption in the Carolines. American Ethnologist, 10(2): 328-344. DAMAS, D. 1994. Bountiful Island: A Study of Land Tenure on a Micronesian Atoll, 272 pp., Wilfrid Laurier University Press, Canada. NAKATANI, S. 2013. Adoption in the Changes of Family, Kinship, and Marriage: A Comparative View Based on Studies in Micronesia and India. Occasional Papers (Kagoshima University Research Center for the Pacific Islands), 53: 51-59. 75 南太平洋海域調査研究報告 No.56（2015年3月） OCCASIONAL PAPERS No.56（March 2015） ࠑ↓ពࠒ࡞࢜ࣈࢪ࢙ࡋ࡚ࡢఏ⤫ᕤⱁရ 㸫࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ㐃㑥࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥ࠾ࡅࡿ ࢝ࣆ࣐ࣥ࢞ࣛࣥࢠ⣔ఫẸࡢࣁࣥࢻࢡࣛࣇࢺάືࡽ㸫 㬼ᡞ ⪽ Traditional Crafts as “Meaningless” Objet: A Case of Handcraft Activities by Kapingamarangi People in Pohnpei Island UDO Satoshi 㮵ඣᓥᏛἲᩥᏛ㒊 Faculty of Law, Economics and Humanities, Kagoshima University せ᪨ ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ㐃㑥࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥࡢ࣏࣮࣮ࣥࣛ࢟ࢻᮧ࠾࠸࡚࢝ࣆ࣐ࣥ࢞ࣛࣥࢠ⣔ఫẸࡢᕤⱁရࢆ ㄪᰝࡋࡓࠋ࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥ⮬⏕ࡍࡿ࣐ࣥࢢ࣮ࣟࣈࡸ࣐࣍࢞ࢽ࣮࡞ࡢᮌᮦࡸ㇟∳ᳰᏊࡢ✀Ꮚࢆ⏝࠸ ࡚ࠊᾏὒ⏕≀ࡸࢺ࢝ࢤࠊ㔮ࡾ㔪ࠊఏ⤫ⓗ࡞ᕹࡅ࢝ࢾ࣮࡞ࢆ㇟ࡗࡓ᙮้ࡀ㈍ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ ⦅ࡳ㣭ࡾࡣࠊࢥࢥࣖࢩࡢᖿࡢඛ➃ࡢⱝ࠸⧄⥔ࢆ↻࡚⬺Ⰽࡋࡓⓑ࠸ࡦࡶࢆྠᚰ≧⦅ࢇࡔ୍✀ࡢ ⤌⣣⣽ᕤ࡛ࠊࡋࡤࡋࡤࢡࢭࣥࢺࡋ࡚ࣃࣥࢲࢾࢫࡢⴥࡽసࡗࡓ↔ⲔⰍࡢࡦࡶࢆΰࡐࠊᐆ㈅ࢆ ࠶ࡋࡽࡗ࡚⨾ࡋ࠸ᗄఱᏛᶍᵝࢆసࡾࡔࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ࢝ࣆ࣐ࣥ࢞ࣛࣥࢠࡢᕤⱁရࡣࠊ㈙▷⤡ⓗ ⤖ࡧࡘ࠸ࡓࡶࡢゝ࠺ࡼࡾࡣࠊ⩦័ࡉࢀࡓ↓ᚰࡢ〇స⾜Ⅽࡢ⤖ᯝࡋ࡚⏕ࡌࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢ ⾜Ⅽࡶ⤖ᯝࡶ㐣ᗘពࢆၥࢃࢀࡿࡇࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡢᮦ㉁ࡸᙧ㇟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ពࢆㄏⓎ ࡋࡘࡘࠊࡋࡶࡑࡢពࢆ⌧ໃࡍࡿゝㄝࢆ๐ࡂⴠࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࡺ࠼ࠊពࡢⓎ⏕ࡍࡿ୍Ṍ ᡭ๓ࠊព⏕ᡂࡢ㜈❧ࡕࡎࡉࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࠋ 76 UDO Satoshi ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ㐃㑥ࡢ㤳㒔ࣃ࣮ࣜ࢟ࣝࡀ⨨ࢀࡓ࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥࡢす㒊ࠊᓊቨࡢୖ ᣅࢀࡓ࣏࣮࣮ࣥࣛ࢟ࢻᮧ㸦Pohnrakied/Porakiet㸧ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏ⤫௦ࡢ 20 ୡ⣖ึ㢌ࠊ 㐶༡᪉ࡢ࢝ࣆ࣐ࣥ࢞ࣛࣥࢠ⎔♋ࡽ⛣ఫࡋࡓேࠎࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࡛࠶ࡿ 1ࠋ ࢝ࣆ࣐ࣥ࢞ࣛࣥࢠ⎔♋ࡣᖺ 4 ᅇࡢᐃᮇ⯪࡛∦㐨 3 ᪥ࢆせࡍࡿൢ㐲ࡢᏙᓥ࡛࠶ࡿࡶࡢ ࡢࠊ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩᆅᇦ࠾ࡅࡿ࣏ࣜࢿࢩ⣔ࡢ㣕ࡧᆅࡋ࡚▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸦࠸ࢃࡺࡿ ࠕ㎶ቃ࣏ࣜࢿࢩࠖ㸧ࠊ࣏࣮࣮ࣥࣛ࢟ࢻᮧࡣᅾእ࢝ࣆ࣐ࣥ࢞ࣛࣥࢠேࡢ㞟ఫᆅࡋ࡚ ⊂⮬ࡢゝㄒࡸ⩦័ࢆಖᣢࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢᮧࡢ≉⏘ࡣ࢝ࣆ࣐ࣥ࢞ࣛࣥࢠ⎔♋ࡼࡾఏ࠼ࡽ ࢀࡓᕤⱁရ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡑࢀࡣ᙮้సရ⦅ࡳ㣭ࡾูࡉࢀࠊ๓⪅ࡣ⏨ᛶࠊᚋ⪅ࡣ ዪᛶࡼࡗ࡚〇సࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ 2ࠋ ᙮้ࡣ࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥ⮬⏕ࡍࡿ࣐ࣥࢢ࣮ࣟࣈࡸ࣐࣍࢞ࢽ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᑠࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ ᾏὒ⏕≀㸦ࡾࢃࡅࢧ࣓㹙hogoulu㹛 ࣭ࣝ࢝㹙gonau㹛 ࣭ࢡࢪࣛ㹙tohora㹛 ࣭࣓࣭࢝࢝ࢪ ࣐࢟ࢢࣟ㹙takura㹛࡞㸧ࢆ㇟ࡗࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࠊᮌᮦࢆษࡾฟࡋࠊ㛓࡛ࡁࡃᙧࢆᩚ࠼ࡓ ᚋࠊ㠀ᖖᛕࣖࢫࣜࡀࡅࢆࡋ࡚ᡂࡉࡏࡿࠋࡼࡾᑠࡉ࡞సရࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ㇟∳ᳰ Ꮚࡢ✀Ꮚ㸦ࡑࡢྡࡢ㏻ࡾࡸࡸ㟷ࡳࡀࡗࡓஙⓑⰍࢆࡋࡓⰏࡸ࡞⣲ᮦ㸧ࢆ࣭ࣝ࢝ ࢺ࢝ࢤ㸦kimo㸧 ࣭㔮ࡾ㔪㸦matau㸧࣭ࢱࢥ㸦bilibili㸧࡞ࡢᙧ᙮ࡾฟࡋࡓࡶࡢࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ 㯮࠸ࡦࡶࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚࣌ࣥࢲࣥࢺࡍࡿ㸦ᮦᩱࡀᑠࡉ࠸ࡓࡵࠊࡲࡔ║ࡢⰋ࠸ⱝ⪅ࡀ≉ ࡇࢀࢆసࡿࡢࡇ㸧 ࠋࡲࡓࠊ⣽ᕤ≀ࡋ࡚ࠊఏ⤫ⓗ࡞ᕹࡅ࢝ࢾ࣮㸦waka㸧ࡢᶍᆺ ࡶᑡᩘ〇సࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ⦅ࡳ㣭ࡾࡣࠊࢥࢥࣖࢩࡢᖿࡢඛ➃ࡢⱝ࠸⧄⥔ࢆ↻࡚⬺Ⰽࡋࡓⓑ࠸ࡦࡶࢆྠᚰ≧ ⦅ࢇࡔ୍✀ࡢ⤌⣣⣽ᕤ࡛ࠊࡋࡤࡋࡤࢡࢭࣥࢺࡋ࡚ࣃࣥࢲࢾࢫࡢⴥࡽసࡗࡓ↔Ⲕ Ⰽࡢࡦࡶࢆΰࡐࠊᐆ㈅ࢆ࠶ࡋࡽࡗ࡚⨾ࡋ࠸ᗄఱᏛᶍᵝࢆసࡾࡔࡍࠋᑠࡉ࡞ࡶࡢࡣ࣓࢝ ࢆ㇟ࡿࡇࡀከࡃࠊࡋࡤࡋࡤ⏥⨶ࢆ❧యⓗ⦅ࡳࠊࣃࣥࢲࢾࢫ࡛Ⰽࢆຍ࠼ࡘࡘ୰ᚰ ㈅ࢆ㓄ࡍࡿ㸦ᐆ㈅ࡣⰍᙧࡢ㞄᥋ᛶᇶ࡙ࡃ⏥⨶ࡢ႘࡛࠶ࡿ㸧ࠋࡁ࡞ࡶࡢࡣቨ㣭 ࡾࡋ࡚〇సࡉࢀࠊࣃࣥࢲࢾࢫ࣭ᐆ㈅ຍ࠼ࠊࡣࣝ࢝࡞ࡢᮌ᙮࣮ࣞࣜࣇࡀ ᔐࡵ㎸ࡲࢀࡿࡇࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ 1 GONIWIECHA㸦2009㸧ࡼࢀࡤࠊ3 ᖺ⥆࠸ࡓ᪭㨧ࡼࡗ࡚⣙ 90 ேࡢṚ⪅ࡀฟࡓࡓࡵࠊ1918 ᖺᙜᒁࡀ ⣙ 90 ேࢆ࣏ࣥ࣌⛣ఫࡉࡏࡓࠋ⌧ᅾ࡛ࡣ 1,000 ேࢆ㉺࠼ࡿఫẸࡀᬽࡽࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ࢝ࣆ࣐ࣥ࢞ࣛࣥࢠ ⎔♋ࡢேཱྀ⣙ 600 ࢆ㐶ୖᅇࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࡞࠾ࠊᡓ୰ࡢ࢝ࣆ࣐ࣥ࢞ࣛࣥࢠ⎔♋ࡣࣃࣉࢽ࣮ࣗࢠ ࢽ᪉㠃ྥ࠺⤥Ἔᇶᆅࡀ⨨ࢀ㸦࣏ࣥ࣌ࡼࡾࡶࣛࣂ࢘ࣝ 100 ࣐ࣝ㏆࠸㸧ࠊ⌧ᅾࡶᙜ ࡢ㑇≀ࡸᡓ㊧ࡀṧࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࢭࣥࢭ㸦sensei㸧ࠊࢡ࣐ࣝ㸦kulumaa㸧ࠊ࣮ࣜࣖ࢝㸦liaga㸧࡞ࡢ᪥ᮏ ㄒࡶṧᏑࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠸࠺ࠋ࡞࠾ Outer Islands of Pohnpei: Factsheets and Maps ࡛ࡣ࢝ࣆ࣐ࣥ࢞ࣛࣥࢠ ⎔♋ࡢேཱྀࡣ 350 ࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ࣏࣮࣮ࣥࣛ࢟ࢻᮧࡢேཱྀࡶ➹⪅ࡢ⪺ࡁྲྀࡾ࡛ࡣ 700㹼800 ࠸࠺⟅࠼ ࡀከࡗࡓࠋ 2 ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣ࣏࣮࣮ࣥࣛ࢟ࢻᮧ࡛〇స࣭㈍ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᅵ⏘≀ࡢࡳࢆྲྀࡾୖࡆࡿࡀࠊࡑࡢእࠊࢥࢥࣖࢩ ࡢ⧄⥔ࡸࣃࣥࢲࢾࢫࡢⴥ࡛⦅ࢇࡔᖗᏊࡸ࣐ࢵࢺ࡞ࠊከᙬ࡞᪥⏝ᕤⱁရࡶ࢝ࣆ࣐ࣥ࢞ࣛࣥࢠ⎔♋࡛ 〇సࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡑࡢヲ⣽ࡣ BUCK㸦1950㸧ࡸ HAMNETT㸦1970㸧ヲࡋ࠸ࠋ 77 Traditional Crafts as“Meaningless”Objet: A Case of Handcraft Activities by Kapingamarangi People in Pohnpei Island ࡇࢀࡽࡢᕤⱁရࡢ㈍ᡤࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ⏫ࡢ┠ᢤࡁ㏻ࡾẚ㍑ⓗࡁ࡞ᅵ⏘≀ᗑ Simon Market ࡀ୍㌺࠶ࡿࠊ࣏࣮࣮ࣥࣛ࢟ࢻᮧෆࡶᑠ㌺ࡢᅵ⏘≀ᗑ࠾ࡼࡧ༶ᡤ ࢆවࡡࡓᕤᡣ㸦8 ࡽ 23 ࡈࢁࡲ࡛㐺ᐅᐤࡾ㞟ࡲࡗ࡚సᴗࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠸࠺㸧ࡀ୍㌺ ࠶ࡿࠋࡋࡋࠊࢢ࣒࡞ẚ࡚࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ⾜ࡁࡢ⯟✵㐠㈤ࡣᴟࡵ࡚㧗್࡛࠶ࡿ ࡓࡵࠊࢲࣅࣥࢢࡸᡓ㊧ࢶ࣮ከᑡࡢ㟂せࡀ࠶ࡿእࡣࠊほගᴗࡣ㠀ᖖ⬤ᙅ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ ᅵ⏘≀ࢆ㉎ධࡍࡿほගᐈࡣ⤯ᑐⓗ㊊ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⦅ࡳ㣭ࡾࡣᓥෆࡢබⓗタࡸ࣍ࢸ ࣝࠊࣞࢫࢺࣛࣥ࡞࡛ቨࡅࡋ࡚⏝࠸ࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩᅜෆ࡛ࡢ㟂せࡀ ࠶ࡿ⛬ᗘぢ㎸ࡵࡿࡶࡢࡢࠊ㔜ࡃࡉࡤࡿ᙮้సရࢆ㉎ධࡍࡿࡢࡣẚ㍑ⓗᖺ㓄ࡢእᅜே ࡀከ࠸ࡢࡇ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢࢀ⾜ࡁࡣ࡞ࡾపㄪ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡶࡑࡶᮧෆࡢ㈍ᡤ ࡣᗑဨࡀᖖ㥔ࡋ࡚࠾ࡽࡎࠊࡲࢀᐈࡀ᮶ࡿㄡࡀᗑ㸦࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࡑࡢᐙ᪘㸧ࢆࡧ ࠸ࡃ࠸࠺≧ἣ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ➹⪅ࡣㄪᰝ୰୍ᗘࡔࡅ࣐࣮ࢩࣕࣝㅖᓥࡽࣂࢫࢣࢵࢺࡢ ヨྜゼࢀࡓዪᏊ㧗⏕ࡓࡕᕤᡣ࡛㐼㐝ࡋࡓࡀࠊ࣑ࢽࣂ࡛ࣥ┤᥋ࡾࡘࡅࡓᙼዪࡓࡕ ࡣࠊࢇࡢ 10 ศ࡛࣌ࣥࢲࣥࢺࡢࡳ㉎ධࡋ࡚࠶ࡗ࠸࠺ࡲཤࡗ࡚⾜ࡗࡓࠋ ᡭ㛫㛫ࡀࡿୖࢀࡿぢ㎸ࡳࡶᑡ࡞࠸ࡍࢀࡤࠊ᙮้సရࢆ〇సࡍࡿ ࠸࠺⾜Ⅽࡣ࠸ࡗࡓ࠸ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ព⩏ࡀぢ࠸ࡔࡏࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋࡑࡶࡑࡶ⌧㔠ධ ࡢᡭẁࡀ㝈ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡺ࠼ࠊ㈍ࡢྍ⬟ᛶࡀᑡࡋ࠶ࡿࡔࡅ࡛ࡶ↓ព࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ ࠺ࡋࠊ࢝ࣆ࣐ࣥ࢞ࣛࣥࢠ࣭ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢෆ㒊࡛ᖺ㛗⪅ࡢຓࢆཷࡅ࡞ࡀࡽ⮬ศࡢ ࣮࣌ࢫ࡛సᴗࢆ⾜࠺ࡇࡣࠊእ㒊ാࡁฟࡿࡼࡾࡣ⢭⚄ⓗ㈇ᢸࡢᑡ࡞࠸࡛ࡶ ࠶ࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋᩍࡢ┠ࡢ๓ࡢᕤᡣ࡛ࢥ࣮ࣄ࣮ࢆ㣧ࡳࠊ࠾ࡋࡷࡾࡋ࡞ࡀࡽసᴗບࢇ ࡛࠸ࡿᵝᏊࡽࡣሙࡢ♫ⓗ࡞ᛶ᱁ࡶ❚࠼ࡿ㸦ࡶࡕࢁࢇ⮬Ꮿ࡛〇సࡋ࡚ᗑ༺ࡍ⪅ࡶ ࠸ࡿࡀ㸧ࠋࡁ࡞᪉ࡢᅵ⏘≀ᒇࡢ๓࡛ࡣዪᛶࡓࡕࡀ࠾ႅࡾࢆࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ⦅ࡳ㣭ࡾࢆసࡿ 㢼ᬒࡀぢࡽࢀࠊ᪥᭙᪥ࡣࣅࣥࢦ࣭ࢤ࣮࣒ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊᙉ࠸ࣔࢳ࣮࣋ࢩ ࣙࣥࡸࣥࢭࣥࢸࣈࡀാ࠸࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺ࡣᛮࢃࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ ୍᪉ࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢᕤⱁရࡣࡰ࢝ࣆ࣐ࣥ࢞ࣛࣥࢠேࡢࡳࡼࡗ࡚ᢸࢃࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᙼࡽ ࡢᩥⓗ࡞ࡾࡶ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࣏ࣥ࣌ேᢏ⾡ࢆᩍ࠼ࡿࡓࡵබ❧ࡢᕤⱁᏛᰯࡶ 㛤ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢࡢࠊẖᖺ⏕ᚐࡣࢇࡢᩘே࡛ࠊࡑࡢࢇࡀ㛗⥆ࡁࡋ࡞࠸࠸࠺ࠋ ࡣ࠸࠼ࠊࡇࡢ࢝ࣆ࣐ࣥ࢞ࣛࣥࢠᅛ᭷ࡢఏ⤫ᩥࢆ⌧ᅾ≉ᚩ࡙ࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣࠊࡴࡋࢁ ࠕពࡢᅾࠖࡶゝ࠺ࡁ⌧㇟࡞ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࠕ࡞ࡐࡇࢀࢆసࡿࡢࠖ࠸࠺ၥ࠸ ᑐࡋ࡚⫋ேࡓࡕࡣ୍ᵝࠕពࡣ࡞࠸ࠖ ࠕ᫇ࡽࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡽࠖ⟅࠼ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ సရࡢࣔࢳ࣮ࣇࡀࢧ࣓ࡸ࡛ࣝ࢝࠶ࡿࡇࡶព㆑ⓗ࡞ព࡙ࡅࡣ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ ࣏ࣜࢿࢩ⣔ࡢ᙮้ᢏ⾡ࡣ࢝ࣆ࣐ࣥ࢞ࣛࣥࢠ⎔♋ࡽ㏵ษࢀࡿࡇ࡞ࡃ⥅ᢎࡉࢀ࡚ ࠸ࡿࡶࡢࡢࠊಶࠎࡢࣔࢳ࣮ࣇࡀᮏ᮶᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࢁ࠺㇟ᚩⓗ࡞ពࡣࡰᛀࢀཤࡽࢀ ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦࠾ࡑࡽࡃẸヰࡀᛀࢀࡽࢀࡘࡘ࠶ࡿ㸧 ࠋᙜ↛࡞ࡀࡽ㏆ᖺほගே㢮Ꮫ࡛ࡋࡤࡋࡤ ㄽࡌࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࠕほගయ㦂ࡢ┿ṇࡉࢆಖドࡍࡿ≀ㄒࠖࡣࢇᅾ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࢝ࣆ࣐ࣥ࢞ࣛࣥࢠࡢ᙮้సရࡣࠊ㈙▷⤡ⓗ⤖ࡧࡘ࠸ࡓࡶࡢゝ࠺ࡼࡾࡣࠊ ⩦័ࡉࢀࡓ↓ᚰࡢ〇స⾜Ⅽࡢ⤖ᯝࡋ࡚⏕ࡌࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢ⾜Ⅽࡶ⤖ᯝࡶ㐣ᗘ ពࢆၥࢃࢀࡿࡇࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ᾏὒ⏕≀ࡢጼࢆࡋࡓ᙮้సရࡣࠊ࠸ࢃࡤ ࠑ↓ពࡢ࢜ࣈࢪ࢙ࠒࡋ࡚ぢࡿ⪅ࡢ๓❧ࡕ⌧ࢀ࡚᮶ࡿࠋࡋࡶࠊࢧ࣓ࡢ᙮้ࡣ 78 UDO Satoshi ᮏ≀ࡢࢧ࣓ࡢṑࡀྲྀࡾࡅࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡔࡀࠊጼࢆࡋྲྀࡗࡓᮌ᙮ࡾࡢࢧ࣓ࠊ ࡉࡽ⌧ᐇࡢࢧ࣓ࡢሐ႘ࡋ࡚ṑࡀ࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡁࠊᙧ㇟ࡢᶍᐇయࡢሐ႘ⓗⓎ⌧ ࠸࠺➽ࡢᩥ⬦ࡀࡑࡢࠑࡋࠒࡢḟඖᑟධࡉࢀࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢ᙮้సရࡣࠊࡑࡢ ᮦ㉁ࡸᙧ㇟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ពࢆㄏⓎࡋࡘࡘࠊࡋࡶࡑࡢពࢆ⌧ໃࡍࡿゝㄝ ࢆ๐ࡂⴠࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࡺ࠼ࠊពࡢⓎ⏕ࡍࡿ୍Ṍᡭ๓ࠊព⏕ᡂࡢ㜈❧ࡕ ࡎࡉࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ᘬ⏝ᩥ⊩ BUCK, P. H. 1950. Material Culture of Kapingamarangi, Berenice P. Bishop Museum Bulletin 200, 291 pp., Berenice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, USA. GONIWIECHA, M. C. 2009. Japanese Influences on Kapingamarangi, 17 pp., Unpublished Research Manuscript. HAMNETT, M. P. 1970. Crafts of Kapingamarangi, 15 pp., Office of Economic Development, Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, Ponape, FSM. ISLAND RESEARCH AND EDUCATION INITIATIVE 2013. Outer Islands of Pohnpei: Factsheets and Maps, 12 cards, Island Research and Education Initiative, Palikir, Pohnpei, FSM. 79 南太平洋海域調査研究報告 No.56（2015年3月） OCCASIONAL PAPERS No.56（March 2015） ࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉᓥ࠾ࡼࡧࣆࢫ࣭ࣃࢿ࢘ᓥ࡛ࡢ♫ⓗ㛵ಀ㈨ᮏ 㸫㉳ᴗ࣭እ㒊㐃ᦠ࣭♫ኚ㠉࣭ᓥෆ⾜ᨻ㸫 㛗ᔱಇ Social Capital in Pingelap and Piis-Paneu Islands: Promotion of Enterprise, Collaboration with Outside, Reformation of Society, Island Administration NAGASHIMA Shunsuke 㮵ඣᓥᏛᅜ㝿ᓥᕋᩍ⫱◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ Research Center for the Pacific Islands, Kagoshima University せ᪨ ࢹࣥࢢ⇕ᑐ⟇ᐇ㊶ㄪᰝ࡛ࠊᑠᓥෆࡢ♫ไᗘ࣭ே㛫㛵ಀ࣭ྛ✀♫ᐇ㊶ࡢᐇែࡑࡢㄢ㢟ࢆ㏣㊧ࡋࡓࠋ ࣆࢫ࣭ࣃࢿ࢘ᓥ࡛ࡣࡘ࡚㈋ᰤ㣴ඣ❺ᑐ⟇࡛ࠊᏛᰯ࣭ᓥෆᆅᇦࡀືࡁࠊᕞᨻᗓࡑࡋ࡚ᾏእᨭࣉࣟࢢࣛ ࣒ࡀ⌮ⓗᒎ㛤ࡋࡓࠋࡋࡋᨭᡴࡕษࡾᚋࠊᐙᗞ⳯ᅬࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡣࠊ⊂ࡾ❧ࡕࡋ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ᓥෆࢦ࣑ၥ㢟ࢆࡣࡌࡵᓥ࣮ࣜࢲ࣮ᙧᘧⓗᙉไᶒ⮬ぬࡣ࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶࠊᐇ㸦Implementation㸧ᶒࡣ ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡇไᗘⓗㄢ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉᓥ࡛ࡣࠊ≟㥑㝖࣭㟷ᖺຮ࣭㐨㊰Ύᤲᡂຌ ࡋࡓ⤒㦂ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ㆟࣭⾜ᨻົᡤࡀᖖタࡉࢀࠊἲ♫ⓗᵓ㐀࣭᐀ᩍⓗ⛛ᗎఏ⤫ⓗ㤳㛗ไࡀ୕ ୍యⓗ࡛⤫ไࡢࢀࡓ♫ࡀཝᏑࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡋࡋㄪᰝᮇ㛫๓ࡽᚋ⪅ࡣ୍ẼẸ㐍ࡳࠊຮᙉ ไไᗘࡣ⾶㏥ࡋࠊ⮫ⓗᐙᗞ⳯ᅬ⟇ࡣ⿕ᨭ⤊ᚋ▐ᔂቯࡋࠊᒃఫᇦእ㐨㊰ࡢ⸭㐨ࡀ㐍ᒎࡋࡓࠋ ୍᪉࡛ࡣูࡢ♫ⓗ⤒῭ⓗάືࡢάᛶࡀ㐍ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࠋ⬺ఏ⤫ⓗᶒጾࡢ᪂యไୗ࡛ࡢ࢞ࣂࢼࣅࣜࢸ㸦⤫ య⬟ຊ㸧ᵓ⠏ࡀ୧ᓥࡢඹ㏻ㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࡀᒎᮃࡣᬯࡃ࡞࠸ࠋ ࣆࢫ࣭ࣃࢿ࢘ᓥ࠾ࡼࡧࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉᓥࡢ♫ⓗ㛵ಀ㈨ᮏㄪᰝࡢᴫせ ᮏሗ࿌ࡣᖹᡂ 24㹼26 ᖺᗘ⛉◊㈝ᇶ┙◊✲㸦B㸧 ࠕ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩࡢᑠᓥ࠾ࡅࡿ♫㛵ಀ ㈨ᮏ㐃ᦠᆺࡢࢹࣥࢢ⇕ᑐ⟇ᐇ㊶ࠖ࠾ࡼࡧᖹᡂ 26 ᖺᗘᏛ㛗㔞⤒㈝࣭◊✲ࢥࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ 㸦ᓥᕋ㸧ࡼࡿㄪᰝࡢࠊ♫ⓗ㛵ಀ㈨ᮏࢆᕠࡿືྥㄢ㢟㛵ࡍࡿ⥲ᣓ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㛵㐃ㄪᰝ ࢆྵࡵࡿࡰ 10 ᖺ㛫ࡢほᐹᡂᯝ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ᑐ㇟ᆅᇦࡣ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ㐃㑥࣏ࣥ࣌ᕞࣆࣥࢤ 80 NAGASHIMA Shunsuke ࣛࢵࣉᓥ࠾ࡼࡧࡑࡢ㛵ಀ⤌⧊࣭ᶵ㛵࣭ฟ㌟⪅㞟ⴠࠊࢳ࣮ࣗࢡᕞࢳ࣮ࣗࢡ⎔♋ෆ㒊⦕㎶ ᓥᕋࣆࢫ࣭ࣃࢿ࢘ᓥ࠾ࡼࡧࡑࡢ㛵ಀ⤌⧊࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡶࡼࡾࢹࣥࢢ⇕ᑐ⟇ᐇ㊶࠾࠸࡚ࠊ ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ㜵ᑐ⟇ୖษ࡞♫ⓗ㛵ಀ㈨ᮏࡣࠊఏ⤫ⓗ♫ᵓ㐀ෆࡶ⤌ࡳ㎸ࡲࢀ࡚࠸ ࡓࡀࠊࡑࡢኚ㠉ࡶ࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊࡑࢀຍ࠼ࡓᥐ⨨ࡀᛴົࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࡑࡢᓥෆ⤌⧊ࡑࡢ ᙜヱ┤᥋㛵ಀ⪅ࡢࠊࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉᓥ࡛ࡣࠊᮏᓥࡢ⛣ఫඛ࡛࠶ࡿ࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥෆࢯ࣮ࢣࢫ 㸦Sohkes㸧ᆅ༊࣭࣐ࣥࢻ㸦Mande㸧ᆅ༊ࡢ㛵ಀࠊ୪ࡧእ㒊㈨ᮏㄪ㐩ᑐᛂኚࡀ⏕ ࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࣆࢫ࣭ࣃࢿ࢘ᓥ࠸࡚ࡶྠ➼ࡢ࠶ࡿࠋ୧⪅┿ᚲせ࡞ᥐ⨨ࡑࡢ ྍ⬟ᛶࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ㐙ⓗ㛵ಀᙜ⪅⪺ࡁྲྀࡾࡸグ㘓ࡢ☜ㄆ➼ࡢ㏻ᖖㄪᰝࡢࠊ࣐࣮ࣞࢩ ࡢᡂຌ㸦࣏ࢫࢱ࣮➼࣮࢟ࣕࣥ࣌ࣥ㸧ไᗘ㸦Act154 Destruction of Disease-Bearing Insects act 1975. Incorporating all amendments up to 2006, Act A1086. Amendment Act 2000 ࡑࡢᐇ㛵㐃ㄽᩥ㸧ࢆ⤂ࡋࡓࡾࠊ࣮࣡ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉࢆ୧ᓥᓥẸ㸦ࢹࣥࢢ⇕Ⓨ⏕ᑐᛂ ࢻ࣓࢟ࣗࣥࢺᨺᫎㄝ᫂➼㸧 ࣭㛵ಀ⾜ᨻᶵ㛵➼㸦ㄪᰝ⤖ᯝ࠾ࡼࡧウㄽ㸧ࢆࡋࡓࡾࡍࡿ࡞ࡢ ᪉ἲࢆ㔜ࡡࡓ᳨ドⓗㄪᰝࢆᐇࡋࡓࠋ ࣆࢫ࣭ࣃࢿ࢘ᓥࡢ♫ⓗ㛵ಀ㈨ᮏ㜵ㄢ㢟 1980 ᖺ௦ࢳ࣮ࣗࢡᕞ࡛Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓࢥࣞࣛ௳࡛ࡣࠊእᓥ࡛ࡢᮍ▱ࡢⓎ⏕ࠊ᳨యࡢ 㐲㝸ᆅ㸦࣐ࢽࣛ㸧㏦ࠊ⤖ᯝࡑࡢ㏻▱ࡢ㐜ᘏ࡛ࠊែࡢ῝้ᘏࢆᣍ࠸ࡓࠋᙜࡢ ⾨⏕⟶⌮⪅ᮏேࡶᮍ▱ࡢⅭឤᰁࡋࡓࠋཎయࡣሷỈࡶᙉࡃࠊዪᛶࡣ♋†ෆ⁺ᴗ ᚑࡍࡿ័ࡀᙉࡃࠊዪᛶឤᰁ⪅ࡀከࡃⓎ⏕ࡋࡓࠋᙜࡢఏ⤫㓂㛗ࡣࠊὒୖࢺࣞ᧞⁛ ༠ຊࡋ࡚ࠊ⮬ศࡢࢩ࣐㸦ᓥෆ⊂❧ᮧⴠ㸧⟶⌮ᚭᗏࢆᮇࡏ࡞࠸㸦እ㝖ྍࡢぶⓗ❧ሙ㸧 ࡓࡵࠊࢳ࣮ࣗࢡ⎔♋ෆᓥᕋ࠸࡚ࡣࢩ࣐㍯␒㸦㓘ᛶ㸧⟶⌮ࢆヨࡳ࡚ᡂຌࡋࡓࠋ1990 ᖺ௦ࡣࠊ㈋ᰤ㣴Ꮫ❺ᑐ⟇ࢆࠊ⾨⏕ᢸᙜ㸦⡆᫆デ⒪ᡤဨ㸧ࡀ PTA ༠ຊࡋ࡚ྛ✀ᰤ㣴࣭ ⾨⏕ᑐ⟇ࢆࠊᓥࢆᣲࡆ࡚ᐇࠋᡂᯝࡣᡂᯝࢆ⏕ࢇ࡛ࠊᕞᨻᗓ㢧ᙲࡉࢀࠊ⡿ᅜᨭࣉࣟࢢ ࣒ࣛࡶ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡋࡋᓥ㈨㔠ࡀΏࡽ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࡇࡽຓࡣ⤊ࠋᡂຌࡢ⥅ᢎ ࡣࡑࡇ࡛㡻ࡋࡓࠋ⥅ᢎṧࡀ࠶ࡿࡋ࡚ࡶᐙᗞ⳯ᅬࡢ୍㒊⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢ⾨⏕⟶⌮⪅ ࡣẼ࡛ᓥእ⏕άࡀ⥆࠸࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡑࡢάࡣࡲࡔඛࡢࡇ࡞ࡿࠋࢹࣥࢢ⇕Ⓨ⏕※ᑐ⟇ ࡋ࡚ᐜჾ㢮⟶⌮☜ㄆࡶ⾜ࡗࡓࡀࠊᾏᓊ㒊⨁㢮ࡢᒣࡀᡤࠎᨺ⨨ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢥࢥࣖࢩࡢ Ẇࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ࿘▱ࡀᚭᗏࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋᗫᲠ≀⟶⌮ᓥ㛗௧ᶒ㝈ࡣ࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡑࢀࢆ⾜ ࡋࡓࡇࡀ↓࠸ࠋ⾜ᨻᐇᶵ㛵㸦ከᩘࡢ㆙ᐹ⫋௨እ㸧ࡀᓥෆ↓ࡃࠊᓥ㛗࣭ᓥ㛗ດຊ ጤࡡࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ᪂ᇳ⾜㒊ࡢᶒ㝈⛣⟶ࡢୗ࡛ࡣࠊࡑࡢ᪉㔪ࢆ῝ࡃ⌮ゎࡋ࡚ࡶࡽ࠸ࠊᓥෆ Ύ⨾࣭Ⓨ⏕※ᑐ⟇ྥࡅ࡚ࡢ⮬ぬỴពࢆ⫈࠸ࡓ㸦ᅗ 1㸧 ࠋࡇࡢᓥࡢᕼᮃࡣࠊᕞ⾨⏕⌜ࡢ 1 ᪥⾜ືᅪ࠶ࡿࡇ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡢඹ㏻ㄢ㢟ࢆᢪ࠼ࡿᑠᓥྠ➼ࠊ㢖⧚⟶⌮ࢆព㆑ࡋ࡚ࡃࢀ ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋỈ㐨ᴗࡶጞືࡋࠊ㏻ಙᡭẁࡶᦠᖏ࡛☜ಖ࡛ࡁࠊࡲࡓ࢝ࣥ࣎ࢪࡽ ⛣ධࡋࡓῐỈ㨶ά⏝ࡶྵࡵࠊᡂຌⓗᒎ㛤ࡀᚋᮇᚅ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ 81 Social Capital in Pingelap and Piis-Paneu Islands: Promotion of Enterprise, Collaboration with Outside, Reformation of Society, Island Administration ᅗ 1 ࣆࢫ࣭ࣃࢿ࢘ᓥ᪂ᓥ㛗Ꮿ࡛ࡢ᪂ᓥ㛗ࡢ࣑࣮ࢸࣥࢢගᬒ ࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉᓥࡢ♫ⓗ㛵ಀ㈨ᮏ㜵ㄢ㢟 ≟ࢆ㣫ࢃ࡞࠸♫ⓗពᛮỴᐃ࡛ࡣ⮬⤌⧊㸦ุᡤ࣭㆟࣭ᓥ㛗࣭⾜ᨻົᡤ࣭4 ᆅ༊ ࡾ⾜ᨻ⤌⧊㸧ᩍ⤌⧊࣭ఏ⤫㤳㛗ไࡀ㐃ືࡋ࡚ᙧᡂࡉࢀࡓྜពࡢୗࠊ᪥ࢆỴࡋࡓ ᐇ㊶ࢆᒎ㛤ࡋࡓࠋᙉ࠸࢞ࣂࢼࣅࣜࢸࡢᏑᅾࢆࡑࡇࡳࡿࠋࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉᓥ࡛ࡣఏ⤫⤫ ᶒຊ⪅ࡢ㛗ᮇᓥእᒃఫ㸦ࢯ࣮ࢣࢫᆅ༊࣭་ᖌ㸧࡛ࠊ㐣ཤᶒጾࡢᙳ㡪ຊࡣ⃭ῶࡋࡓࠋᓥ 㓂㛗௦⌮ࢆ⨨ࡃࡀࠊ㝵⛣ືࡢ↓࠸ࢱࢺࣝ⪅ࢼࢼ࣡㸦Nanawa㸧࡛࠶ࡾࠊᶒຊᵓ㐀ⓗⰍᙬ ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊఏ⤫⾜࣭௵ົᇳ⾜⪅௨ୖ࡛ࡶ௨ୗ࡛ࡶ࡞࠸ࠋᰯ㛗⫋ࡶ࠶ࡿே࡞ࡢ࡛ࠊᩥⓗ Ꮡᅾࡋ࡚ࡩࡉࢃࡋࡃࠊᓥෆ⾜ᨻⓗ୰❧ᛶࡶ☜ಖࡋࡸࡍ࠸㸦࡞࠾࣏ࣥ࣌ᮏᓥࡢ୰㛫 ㊥㞳࠶ࡿ㞄ࡢ࣮ࣔ࢟ࣝᓥ࡛ࡣఏ⤫㤳㛗ไᗘ⮬యࢆᡓᚋ㛫ࡶ࡞ࡃఫẸᢞ⚊࡛ᗫṆࡋࡓ㸧 ࠋ ⌧ᅾࡢᩥ࣭ᆅᇦ♫ࡢᶒጾᵓ㐀ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊᩍ⤌⧊ࡀ᭱ࡶ᰿ᖿࢆ࡞ࡋࠊ⾜ᨻࡀࡑࢀ ୍య࡞ࡾື࠸࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ఏ㐨⪅⮬యࡢᙉᶒࡶ࡞ࡃࠊ⾜ᨻࡀືࡃࡁࡣᩍ༊༢ാࡁࡅ ࡿ㸧 ࠋ㐲㝸㞳ᓥࡢⅭࠊᓥ㛗ࡣ࣏ࣥ࣌ᮏᓥ࡛ົᡤࢆᵓ࠼࡚ࠊ⫋ົࢆ㐙⾜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᑓ⏝ ↓⥺⏝ࡢࠊ㆟㛤ദ➼ࡣ㣕⾜ᶵ࡛ᖐᓥࡋ࡚ࠊ⫋㈐ࢆᯝࡓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᓥ㛗௦⌮ࡣࠊ ⾜ᨻᶵ⬟ᇳ⾜ᶵ㛵ࡢ㛗ࢆᢸ࠺ࠋ௦⌮ࡣ࠸࠼ࠊ㈈※࣭ᇳ⾜ᶒ㝈ࢆ⫼㈇࠺㔜㈐࡛࠶ࡾࠊᐇຊ ࡀၥࢃࢀࡿࠋඛ௦ࡣ⌧ᅾุᐁࢆົࡵࠊ⌧ᅾࡢᢸᙜࡣ㆟ဨ⤒㦂⪅࡛◊✲⇕ᚰ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᙼࡣ ἲⓗᡭẁࡢ᭷ຠᛶࢆᙇࡍࡿࠋࡇࡢᓥࡣ Green Act ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋᐃ᪥㸦Municipal Government Day㸸Ỉ᭙㸧ᓥෆΎᤲ㎰⪔㸦ࡲࡓࡣ⁺ᧄ㸧ࢆ⩏ົࡅࠊࡑࡢ᪥ຮ࡛↓࠸ 82 NAGASHIMA Shunsuke 㟷ᖺࡣࠊ♫ⓗไ㸦㍍࠸⨩㸧ࢆㄢࡏࡽࢀࡓࠋࡑࡢ 1980 ᖺ௦⊂❧┤ᚋࡢຮ᮲ࡣࠊ௦ ࡶᨺᛕࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡃ㸦ࣆࢫ࣭ࣃࢿ࢘ᓥࡶఝࡓไᗘࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉᓥືྥࢆ ୖグ┳ㆤຓᡭࡢ⩏࡛࠶ࡿࣆࢫ࣭ࣃࢿ࢘ᓥᰯ㛗⤂ࡍࡿࠊྠ➼ࡢᥦࢆᆅᇦ PTA ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࢁࡔ࠸࠺‽ഛ᭩㠃ࡶぢࡏ࡚ࡶࡽࡗࡓ㸧 ࠋᓥ㛗㸦࣓࣮ࣖ㸧௦⌮ࡢせㄳࡶ࠶ࡾ ඛ㏙࣐࣮ࣞࢩࢆ㞟ࡋ࡚ᒆࡅࡓࠋΎ₩ឤ࠶ࡿᒃఫᇦ࣭ᓥෆ㐨㊰Ύᤲࡣࠊඛ㏙ࡢἲ ࡑࡢ✚ࡀᇶ♏࠶ࡿࠋ10 ᖺ๓ࡢ㐨ࡣወ㯇࡛ࠊ4 ᖺ๓ࡲ࡛ࡣᓥෆ㐨㊰ࡀぢ ࡞Ύᤲࡾ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ༡⡿ᾏእ㈨㔠ࢆᚓ࡚ࠊᆅᇦ⾜ᨻࡼࡿ 2 ྡ㞠⏝࡛㐨㊰ᩚ⨾ᐇ⌧ࠋ ඃ⚽ᆅ༊࣭⟶⌮⪅ࡣ⾲ᙲࡍࡿࢥࣥࢸࢫࢺࡲ࡛ࡋࡓࠋࡋࡋ 3 ᖺ๓ࡢ㈨㔠⤊ᚋࡣ ࡣゝ࠼࡞࠸ࠋ≉ࡇࡇ 1㹼2 ᖺࡢᒃఫᆅᇦእࡢ⸭㐨ࡣᛴ㏿࡛࠶ࡿࠋᡞᬑཬⓗᒎ㛤ࢆ ぢࡏࡓ࣑ࢽ⳯ᅬࡶྠᵝ⤒⦋ࢆ㎺ࡿࡀࠊࡑࡢᛴቑᛴῶࡢ᥎⛣ࡣࡉࡽᴟ➃࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸦୕ಸయ ࡢ✀ࡀ⛱ᛶ࡛ࠊぶ᪘ᨭ࡛ࡢ✵㍺ㄪ㐩ࢆࡋࡓࡾࠊ⌧㔠ࢆᚲせࡋࡓࡾࡍࡿ㔜Ⲵࡶ࠶ࡿ㸧 ࠋ ࡓࡔࡋࡇ࠶ࢀࡤᓥࢆᣲࡆ࡚ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴ₯ᅾຊࢆぢࡓᛮ࠸࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⁺ᧄ࡛ᓥእປാ㛫ࡀ 㛗࠸ࣆࢫ࣭ࣃࢿ࢘ᓥࡼࡾࡶ⾨⏕ᗘ࣭Ύ₩ᗘ࣭ᆅᇦཧຍຊࡣ㧗࠸ឤࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ2 ྡࡢ┳ㆤᖌࡀ ᗣ㠃ᐤࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ࣆࢫ࣭ࣃࢿ࢘ᓥ࡛ࡣ 1 ྡ㸧 ࠋࡲࡓ⾜ᨻࡢព㆑ࡶ㧗ࡃࠊᇳ⾜ຊࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ ᑠᆺῐỈ㨶ࡶษࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋࡋ⯪౽ࡀᖺᩘᅇ࡛ࠊ་⒪⾨⏕⟶⌮⯪ࡶᖺ୍࣭ᅇࠊ ࡋ࡚㣕⾜ᶵ౽࡛⧅ࡀࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㐲㝸ᓥᕋࡢᒎ㛤ࡋ࡚ࠊ࠺ࡋ࡚ࡶእ㒊ࡢ㐃ᦠㄢ㢟 ࡣ㔜࠸ࡶࡢࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ ᅗ 2 ࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉᓥ࡛ࡢࢥࢥࣖࢩ〇ࣦ࣮ࢪࣥἜసᴗගᬒ 83 Social Capital in Pingelap and Piis-Paneu Islands: Promotion of Enterprise, Collaboration with Outside, Reformation of Society, Island Administration እ㒊㈨㔠㞠⏝࣭⤒῭ຊᆅᇦබ⾗⾨⏕ እ㒊㈨㔠ࡣ㞠⏝ࢆୖグࡢࡼ࠺⏕ࡴࠋࡶ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ▷ᮇᏛ㸦⡿ࢢࣛࣥࢺ ㈨㔠࡛Ꮫ⏕ࢆᣢࡓ࡞࠸㸧ࡀ┿⌔㣴Ṫᐇ㦂㸦㮵ඣᓥᏛỈ⏘Ꮫ㒊ฟ㌟ఀ⸨ṇᘯࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ ࣮ࣜࢲ࣮㸧ࢆࡋࡓࡁ 2 ྡࡢ㞠⏝ࡀ 3 ᖺ⥆࠸ࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚⌧ᅾ᪂ไᗘ㞠⏝ࡀⓎ⏕ࡋ࡚ ࠸ࡿࠋ㥔 FSM ᪥ᮏ㤋ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡼࡿ㧗ရ㉁ࢥࢥࣖࢩ〇ࣦ࣮ࢪࣥἜ࣭▼㮯࣭ ࣖࢩẆ࣭Ⅳࡢ⏕⏘ฟⲴ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࣐ࣜࢼ࡛ࡢ⤒Ⴀ⤒㦂⪅ࡀ࣐ࢿࢪ࣮ࣕࠋィグ㘓࣭ປാ ᣦ࣭ពᕤኵດຊࡀᐇ⌧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ↓ேᓥࡶྵࡵࡿ 3 ᓥ࠶ࡾࠊᓥෆࡢ⏝㈨※࣭ ⏝✵㛫వᆅࡔࡅ࡛ࡶᗈࡃࡁ࠸ࠋグ㘓ࡣᮏᓥࡢᓥ㛗ົᡤࡶ㏦ࡽࢀࡿ㸦ᗘ㤋 ┘ᰝࡶ❧ࡕ࠼ࡓ㸧 ࠋ㥔᪥ᮏ FSM ࡶὀ┠ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᴗ࡛ࠊᓥᕞࡣ➇ྜࡋ࡞࠸ ከᵝ࡞ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡢ୍ࡘࡋ࡚ࡢ㉳ᴗ࡛ࠊὶ㏻࢝࢘ࣥࢱ࣮ࣃ࣮ࢺࡶタᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ẖᮅࡢసᴗࢆᣏぢࡋࡓ㸦ᅗ 2㸧 ࠋຮࡾࡀ㐪࠺ࠋ㈤㔠ࡀ᪩ࡵᡶࢃࢀࡿࠋୖ㔠ࡀඖࡔࡀࠊ ୖᡂᯝࡀඖ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊ୍ᒙບࡴᵓ㐀࡛࠶ࡿࠋ௰㛫ព㆑ࡢᙉ࠸ປാ㞟ᅋ࡛ࠊཝ㑅 ࡉࢀࡿࡢ࡛ࡉࡽពḧⓗ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢ⤒῭ຊࡣࠊᏳᐃࡋࡓ㣗⏕άࠊ࡞⾨⏕⟶⌮ຊ ㈨ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡞ࡿࠋ ࣆࢫ࣭ࣃࢿ࢘ᓥࡢ⤒῭※Ἠࡣ✺ࡁ㨶⁺㸦㞄᥋⎔♋⦕㎶㒊ࡢ↓ேᓥỈᇦࡀ⁺ሙ㸧࡛ࠊ௰㛫 ị㉎ධ࣭㨶㍺㏦ࢆ㤳㒔ᓥྥࡅ࡚ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᓥฟ㌟⪅㸦௰㛫࣭ぶ᪘➼㸧ࡀ㈍ࡢ࢝࢘ࣥ ࢱ࣮ࣃ࣮ࢺࡶ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋJICA ᨭࡢ〇ịタᑠᆺ⯪ࡣྎ㢼⿕ᐖࡢᚋࠊᘓ࡛ࡁ࡚ ࠸࡞࠸ࡀࠊࡁ࡞ᨭ㞀ࡣ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋࢯ࣮࣮ࣛ㟁Ẽά⏝ࡢ〇ịᶵࡀࡸࡀ࡚ᑟධྍ⬟ ࡞ࢁ࠺ࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࡶࢼ࣐ࢥィ⏬㸦ࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉᓥྠᵝ㸧ࡢᮇᚅࡀᙉ࠸㸦㥔᪥ࡶ᰿ᣐ ࠶ࡿ᭷ຊ㉳ᴗㄆ㆑ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸧 ࠋ⤫ไࡢ☜ಖࡀㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊฟⲴࢳ࢙ࢵࢡࠊᓥෆ࠸ࡿ 21 ேࡢ㆙ᐹᐁࡢ௵ົ㐙⾜ḟ➨࡛ࡣࠊ᭷ຠ࡞ࢥࣥࣉࣛࣥࢫ♫ࡀᐇ⌧ྍ⬟ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ ࡞࠾ࣆࢫ࣭ࣃࢿ࢘ᓥ࡛ࡶ MIRAB ⤒῭ᵓ㐀ࡣཝᏑࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᓥෆࣅ࣮ࣗࣟࢡࣛࢩ࣮ࡣࠊ ⤥ศ㓄ࡢయ⣔ࡋ࡚ࠊ ဨᆒ୍⤥࡛ᓥෆࡢ 50 ᡞࡢᖹ➼ 㸦ࡰࡑࡢᩘࡔࡅᙺ⫋ࡀ࠶ࡿ㸧 8 ᆅ༊㓄៖࡛ᡂ❧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡸࡓࡽከ࠸㆙ᐹᐁ㸦㓇㣧ࡳࢺࣛࣈࣝ➼㢖Ⓨ࡛ᓥ㛗ࡣࡕࡻ࠺ Ⰻ࠸ᩘ࠸࠺ࡀ㸧ࡣࡑࡢࡓࡵ࡛ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢά⏝ࡣࠊ㉳ᴗࡶάࡏࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ ࡿࠋᓥෆホ㆟ဨࡶ⾨⏕㑂Ᏺ࣭⎔ቃΎ⨾㸦⺅Ⓨ⏕※ᐜჾ⟶⌮㸧 ࣭㣴┘どᙺ㐺ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ♫ⓗ㛵ಀ㈨ᮏࡋ࡚ࡢฟ㌟⪅⤌⧊࣭♫ ࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉᓥฟ㌟⪅ࡢᮏᅵ 2 㞟ⴠࡽࡢࢧ࣏࣮ࢺຊࡣࠊ࠶ࡃࡲ࡛ࡶ⾑᪘ⓗಶูⓗ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ձࢯ࣮ࢣࢫࡢ⛣ఫ 100 ࿘ᖺ㸦 ࠕࢪ࣮ࣙࢪᓥࡢ࡛ࠖ↓ேࡉࡏࡽࢀࡓᆅᇦࠊ⤫⪅ ぶ᪘㛵ಀࡢ᭷ࡗࡓ࣮ࣔ࢟ࣝᓥẸࡀ ‴㐺ᆅࡢධࡾࠊ࣮ࣔࢺࣟࢵࢡᓥẸࡀすഃධࡾࠊḟ ࠸࡛ࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉᓥẸࡀᮾධࡗࡓࠋ⌧ᅾࡢ᭱ໃຊ㸧࡛ࡢࠊ࣐ࣥࢻ㞟ⴠ㸦ᡓᚋ┤ᚋ࣏ࣥ ࣌ᓥ᭱ᙉࡢ࣐ࢻࣞࢽ࣒࢘ᆅ༊㓂㛗ࡽチྍࢆ⤒࡚ 4 Ἴศࢀ࡚⛣ఫ㸧ࡽࡢ㈇ᢸ⩏ົ ࡣ㍍ᚤ࡞ࡶࡢ࡛ࠊ㣗ᮦ୍㒊ศᆠ⛬ᗘ࡛㔠㖹ⓗ࣭ປຊⓗ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋղᐙ᪘ࡢ㏦㔠ࡣከ࠸ࡀࠊ ぶ᪘ࡢ㏦㔠ࡣṤ࡞ࡃࠊྠᒃཷධࡶ㏆࠸ぶ᪘ࡲ࡛ࡳࡽࢀࡿࠋ㏦㔠ࡣ࢚࢘ࢫࢺࣃࢵࢡ➼ࡢ ⏝ࡢࠊ㣕⾜ᶵ౽⏝ࡶ⛥࡞ࡽࡎぢࡅࡿࠋ 㸦㞄ᓥ࣮ࣔ࢟ࣝᓥࡢฟ㌟⪅୍ᖏឤࡣࠊࡼࡾᑡ 84 NAGASHIMA Shunsuke ேᩘࡢࢩ࣐࡛࠶ࡿࡶ㛵ࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋࡑࡢࢧ࣏࣮ࢺຊ࡛᭷ຊᩍ⫱⪅࣭་ᖌ࣭⾜ ᨻᐁ➼ࢆ㍮ฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉᓥฟ㌟⪅ࡢฟୡᗘࡶ㧗࠸ࡀዡᏛไᗘ㐺⏝ࡣ㝈ᐃⓗᑡᩘ ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ 㸧ճ100 ࿘ᖺ⚍ࡣ๓ࡢពẼ㎸ࡳ࡛ᐃࡉࢀࡓつᶍ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ༙᪥ࡘ㋀ࡾࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ ࡣ࠸࠼⡆⣲ࠋᙉไ⤖᮰ຊⓗ♫࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ᥎ᐹࡉࢀࡿࠋ ࡓࡔࡋᆅᇦෆ௰㛫㐃ಀࡣ࡞࠾ษ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࠼ࡤ࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥෆⱝᡭ㉳ᴗᐙࢯࣟࣔࣥ㎰ᅬ ࡣ᭷ᶵ㎰⏘≀࣭⏕㩭㣗ရ㈍⏕⏘ࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊᆅᇦእ㛵ಀ⪅ࡽࡢྡ⩏࣭㈨㔠ᨭ ⏦ࡋ㎸ࡳࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶ᩿ࡾࠊࢯ࣮ࢣࢫᆅ༊ෆ⪅ࢆ㞠࠸ࠊࣃ࣮ࢺࢼ࣮ࢆ⤌ࡴ┦ᡭࡶࠊᆅᇦෆ 㝈ࡿࠋಙ㢗㛵ಀ࠸࠺ Social Capital ࡣࠊ㈐௵㐃㙐ⓗ࡞᪥ᖖᛶࡢୖ࡛ಖࡓࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ᥎ᐹ ࡉࢀࡿࠋࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉᓥෆᅾᆅ㸦␃Ᏺࢱࣟ⏣㸧⟶⌮ࡶಙ㢗㛵ಀࡢᙉ࠸ぶᡉேࡀ ࠾࠾ࡓᢸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ฟ㌟⪅ࡢ࠸ࡶษ࡞♫ⓗ㛵ಀ㈨ᮏ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉᓥ࣓࣮ࣖࡢዟࡉࢇ E ࡣ ᕞಖᒁ㛗࡛ࡶ࠶ࡾࠊ㒓㔛ࡢᙉ࠸ᛮ࠸࡛⾨⏕㛵ಀࡢ⌧ἣ㛵ពḧࢆࡶࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࡓࡔᐇᡓ㒊㝲ࡣ⾨⏕ᒁࡀᢸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋุᡤົ᪉㧗ᐁᚑࡶ๓ᓥ㛗௦⌮ࡢぶᡉࡔࡀᐃᮇ ⓗᖐ㒓࡛ᓥࡢ⌧ἣᙉ࠸㛵ᚰ▱ⓗᨭࢆᐇ⌧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᡃࠎㄪᰝࡢᐇୖࡢ࢝࢘ࣥࢱ࣮ ࣃ࣮ࢺ࡛ᓥእᨭࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡢ⤖᮰⪅࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ࡞࠾ࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉㄒࡢ⪷᭩సࡾࡶᆅ ⌫ⓗ㸦ࢧࣃ࣭ࣥࢢ࣒࣭ࣁ࣭࣡⡿㝣ศᢸ࡛㸧ᒎ㛤ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࣆࢫ࣭ࣃࢿ࢘ᓥ࡛ࡣ᪂ᓥ㛗ᑵ௵ᘧྥࡅࡢ㈨㔠ㄪ㐩ࢆᣏぢࡋࡓࠋฟ㌟⪅㞟ᅋࡢാࡁ ࡅࠊࡑࡢࡓࡵࡣᅜእฟᙇࡲ࡛ࡍࡿࠋᓥ㛗ᑵ௵ᘧࡣࠊ⤫㡿ࢡࣛࢫࡲ࡛ᣍᚅ≧ࢆ ㏦ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡢࢫࢸࢱࢫ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡑࡢ㈝⏝ࡣබ㔠ࢆ⏝࠸࡞࠸ࡇࢁࡀࠕࡅࡌࡵࠖ ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢດຊࡣ♫ⓗ㛵ಀ㈨ᮏࡢࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ⥔ᣢ㐀㛵ࢃࡿႠⅭ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ ࡲࡵ࠼࡚ ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣ♫ⓗ㛵ಀ㈨ᮏࡘ࠸࡚ࡢሗ࿌࡛࠶ࡾࠊᓥෆࡢ MIRAB ᵓ㐀ࡢヲ⣽ࡸࠊᓥෆ ⤥࣭ᙺ⫋㓄ศࡢヲ⣽➼ࡣឡࡋࡓࠋබ㔠㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ࣮ࣝࣝࡀ᫂☜࡛ࠊⓙࡀ⇍▱ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ ㏱᫂ᛶࡢ㧗࠸♫ࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࢀ⛬ᑠᓥ♫ࡣࠊᐙ᪘ⓗ࡞ඹྠయࢆ ⥔ᣢࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓ⾜ຊࡣࢥ࢞ࣂࢼࣥࢫຊ㸦ඹຊ㸧ࡢ※Ἠ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࢞ࣂࢼࣅࣜࢸ ࠸࠺⤫యᛶࡣࠊ㝵ᛶࡢᙉ࠸♫ᵓ㐀ࢆᣢࡕࡀࡕ࡞࣏ࣥ࣌ᕞࡢᓥࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉ ࠸࡚ࡍࡽ௨๓ࡢࢺࢵࣉࢲ࢘ࣥไࡣ␗㉁ࡢᒎ㛤ࢆぢࡏ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࣆࣥࢤࣛࢵࣉᓥࡢᩍ༊ ༢࡛ࡢᙇࡾྜ࠸Ḽࡣࠊṇ᭶⾜ࡢ⯚₈ࡂࡸ 8 ᭶ࡢ࣐ࣝ㸦ࣃࣥࣀ࢟ࡢᯝᐇࢆᆅ୰࡛ Ⓨ㓝ࡉࡏ࡚ 2 ࣓࣮ࢺࣝྎࡢࢣ࣮࢟≧ࡍࡿ㸧ࡢ➇த࡞࡛ࡶ⥔ᣢࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᑠࡉ࡞Ꮩ❧ ࡋࡓᓥ♫≉᭷ࡢぶᐦឤ࢞ࣂࢼࣅࣜࢸᩍⓗពᛮ㏻⤒㊰ࡢ☜ಖᒎ㛤࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࢀ ࡀ᭷ࡢ.㞟ⴠ⤒Ⴀຊ㸦C.I.ࣂ࣮ࢼ࣮ࢻࡢ࠸࠺⤌⧊ᒎ㛤㸸ඹ㏻┠ⓗ࣭༠ാ࣭ពᛮఏ㐩㸧 ⧅ࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࠋࡑࢀࡽࡢఏ⤫ಖᣢಙ௮ぶࡋࡳ࠶ࡿࢃࡾࡀᐤࡋࡘࡘࡶࠊ᪂ࡋ࠸ᆅᇦ ㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࠊබ⾗⾨⏕࣭ᆅᇦ㉳ᴗ࣭⎔ቃ⟶⌮࡞ࡢᣢ⥆ྍ⬟ᛶᒎ㛤ࢆྍ⬟ࡍࡃࠊ ୧ᑠᓥࡣ⬺ఏ⤫㤳㛗ไࡢୗ࡛ࠊ᪂ࡓ࡞⤌⧊ࢆᐇ⌧ࡋࡘࡘ࠶ࡿࠋࣆࢫ࣭ࣃࢿ࢘ᓥࡣᓥᕋ◊ ࡀᏛ㝔ᤵᴗࡢሙࡋ࡚ࡶࢃࡏ࡚ࡶࡽࡗ࡚࠸ࡿᆅᇦ࡛࠶ࡾࠊᚋࡶ⥅⥆ⓗ࡞ほᐹࡀ ணᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢᡂᯝ✚ࡶᮇᚅࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ