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᪥ᚰ➨ 㻣㻠㻌 ᅇ኱఍䠄㻞㻜㻝㻜䠅㻌
࢔࢖࣓࢖ࢡࡀど⥺᳨ฟ࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪
ୖ⏣ᙬᏊ
㸦᪥ᮏዪᏊ኱Ꮫே㛫♫఍Ꮫ㒊㸧
࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ ど⥺᳨ฟࠊ໬⢝ࠊ║
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┠ ⓗ
㢦ࡣே㛫࡟࡜ࡗ࡚᭱ࡶぢ័ࢀࡓどぬ่⃭ࡢ㸯ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜
ྠ᫬࡟ࠊ᭱ࡶ㔜せ࡞♫఍่⃭࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㢦ࡢⓎಙࡍࡿ᝟ሗ࠿
ࡽࠊᡃࠎࡣࡑࡢே≀ࡀㄡ࠿࡜࠸࠺஦ࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊ࠾࠾ࡼࡑ
ࡢᖺ㱋ࠊᛶูࠊᚰࡢ≧ែࡲ࡛ࢆ▱ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ%UXFH
ࠋࡇ࠺ࡋࡓ㢦ࡢ᝟ሗࢆኚ໬ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡟᪥ᖖⓗ
࡟⏝࠸ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࢶ࣮ࣝ࡜ࡋ࡚࣓࢖ࢡᢏ⾡ࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀࡿࠋ
ከࡃࡢ◊✲࡛໬⢝ࡀ㢦ࡢ㨩ຊࢆྥୖࡉࡏࡿ஦ࡀ♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸
ࡿ&DVK HW DO *XpJXHQ 0XOOKHUQ HW DO 1DVKHWDOࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ໬⢝ࡀ㢦ㄆ▱㐣⛬࡟ཬࡰ
ࡍᙳ㡪࡟ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡋࡓ౛ࡣᑡ࡞࠸ࠋ࢔࢖ࣛ࢖ࢼ࣮࡞࡝ࡢ
໬⢝ࡣࠊ║ࡢᙧ≧ࢆኚ໬ࡉࡏࡿࡓࡵࠊど⥺᪉ྥ࡞࡝ࡢ║ࡀ
Ⓨಙࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ᝟ሗ࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ
ࡇࢀࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼ࠊᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ࢔࢖ࣛ࢖ࢼ࣮ࡀど⥺᳨ฟ࡟
ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪࡟ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡋࡓࠋ࢔࢖ࣛ࢖ࢼ࣮ࡀ║ࡢࢥࣥࢺ
ࣛࢫࢺࢆᙉㄪࡍࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࢀࡤࠊど⥺᳨ฟࡣࡋࡸࡍࡃ࡞ࡿྍ
⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ௚᪉ࠊ࢔࢖ࣛ࢖ࢼ࣮ࡀ║ࡢᙧ≧ࢆ୙⮬↛࡟ኚ
໬ࡉࡏࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࢀࡤࠊど⥺᳨ฟࡣࡋ࡟ࡃࡃ࡞ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶
ࡿࠋ
᪉ ἲ
ᐇ㦂ཧຍ⪅ ዪᏊ኱ᏛࡢᏛ⏕ ྡ㸦ᖹᆒᖺ㱋 㸧
่⃭ ᪥ᮏேዪᛶ㢦ࣔࢹࣝ ྡ࡟ࡼࡿ㢦ࡢṇ㠃㟼Ṇ⏬ࠋ࢔
࢖࣓࢖ࢡࣃࢱࣥࡣࠊ࢔࢖ࣛ࢖ࢼ࣮ࡢ᭷↓࡟ࡼࡿ ✀ࠋど⥺
᪉ྥࡣࠊṇ㠃࡟ᑐࡋࠊᕥ࡟ ẁ㝵ࠊྑ࡟ ẁ㝵ࡢィ ẁ㝵
ࢆタᐃࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ่⃭ࡢ㢦⏬ീࡣ㢦ࣔࢹࣝ ✀™࣓
࢖ࢡࣃࢱࣥ ✀™ど⥺᪉ྥ ✀ࡢィ ᯛࠋ
ᡭ⥆ࡁ ᐇ㦂ࡣಶู࡛ᐇ᪋ࠋ่⃭ࡣ⿕㦂⪅ࡢ๓࡟タ⨨ࡉࢀ
ࡓࣃࢯࢥࣥࣔࢽࢱୖ࡛ࠊ่⃭⏬ീࢆ ⏬ീࡎࡘࠊ㡰ᗎຠᯝ
ࢆ⪃៖ࡋࡓࣛࣥࢲ࣒࡞㡰ᗎ࡛ ᗘ࿊♧ࡋࡓࠋ࿊♧ࢫࢣࢪࣗ
࣮ࣝࡣࠊPV ࡢὀどⅬ࿊♧ࡢᚋࠊPV ➨ ่⃭ࡀ࿊♧ࡉ
ࢀࠊPV ࣐ࢫࢡࡀ࿊♧ࡉࢀࡓᚋࠊ➨ ่⃭ࡀ࿊♧ࡉࢀࡿ
ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋᐇ㦂ཧຍ⪅࡟ࡣ➨ ่⃭ࡢど⥺᪉ྥࡀ➨ ่⃭ࡢど⥺᪉ྥ࡜ྠࡌ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࠿ࠊ␗࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓ࠿ࢆᡭඖ
ࡢ࣮࡛࢟㑅ᢥࡍࡿ VDPHGLIIHUHQW ㄢ㢟ࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡓࠋᐇ㦂
࡛ࡣ➨ ่⃭ࡣᐇ㦂ཧຍ⪅ࡀ཯ᛂࡍࡿࡲ࡛࿊♧ࡉࢀࠊ཯ᛂ
ࡍࡿ࡜⮬ືⓗ࡟ḟࡢヨ⾜ࡀ㛤ጞࡉࢀࡓࠋ➨ ่⃭࡜➨ ่
⃭ࡢ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏࡣྠࡌ㢦ࣔࢹࣝෆࡢࡳ࡛⾜ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊ⥲่
⃭⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏࣃࢱࣥࡣ ࣃࢱ࡛ࣥ࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊVDPH ཯ᛂヨ
⾜ᩘ࡜ GLIIHUHQW ཯ᛂヨ⾜ᩘࢆᥞ࠼ࡓࡓࡵࠊ
඲ヨ⾜ᩘࡣ ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
Cursor = 500ms
Image1 = 150ms
Mask= 500ms
Same
Or
Different?
Figure1. Stimulus time--line
⤖ ᯝ
࣓࢖ࢡࢱ࢖ࣉ㸦QRPDNHXS ZHDULQJ H\HOLQHU㸧ࠊㄢ㢟ࢱ࢖
ࣉVDPH GLIIHUHQWࢆ⊂❧ኚᩘࠊṇ⟅⋡㸦㏫ṇᘻኚ᥮್㸧ࢆ
ᚑᒓኚᩘ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ せᅉࡢ⿕㦂⪅ෆศᩓศᯒࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡓ⤖
ᯝࠊ࣓࢖ࢡࢱ࢖ࣉ࡜ㄢ㢟ࢱ࢖ࣉ㛫࡛஺஫స⏝ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓ
ࡓࡵ㸦3㸧
ࠊ༢⣧୺ຠᯝࡢ᳨ᐃࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝ ࢔
࢖ࣛ࢖ࢼ࣮࡞ࡋ᮲௳࡛ࡣ VDPH ㄢ㢟࡛ࡶ GLIIHUHQW ㄢ㢟࡛ࡶṇ
⟅⋡࡟ኚ໬ࡣㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡀࠊ࢔࢖ࣛ࢖ࢼ࣮᮲௳࡛ࡣ
GLIIHUHQW ㄢ㢟࡛᭷ព࡟ṇ⟅⋡ࡀୗࡀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡲ
ࡓࠊVDPH ㄢ㢟࡛ࡣ࡞ࡋ᮲௳ࡼࡾ᭷ព࡟ṇ⟅⋡ࡀ㧗ࡃࠊ
GLIIHUHQW ㄢ㢟࡛ࡣ࡞ࡋ᮲௳ࡼࡾ᭷ព࡟ṇ⟅⋡ࡀప࠸஦ࡀ♧
ࡉࢀࡓࠋྠᵝࡢศᯒࢆṇ⟅཯ᛂ᫬㛫ࢆᚑᒓኚᩘ࡜ࡋ࡚⾜ࡗ
ࡓ⤖ᯝࠊ࣓࢖ࢡࢱ࢖ࣉࠊㄢ㢟ࢱ࢖ࣉࡢ୺ຠᯝ࠾ࡼࡧ࣓࢖ࢡ
ࢱ࢖ࣉ࡜ㄢ㢟ࢱ࢖ࣉ㛫ࡢ஺஫స⏝ࡣㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
0.9
0.8
0.7
no-makeup
wearing eye-liner
0.6
0.5
same
different
Figure2. Correct proportions
1000
900
800
no-makeup
700
wearing eye-liner
600
500
same
different
Figure3
3. Correct RTs
⪃ ᐹ
⤖ᯝࡼࡾࠊQRPDNHXS ࡢሙྜࡣど⥺᪉ྥࡢኚ໬ࡢ᭷↓࡟
㛵ಀ࡞ࡃࠊṇ⟅⋡࡟㐪࠸ࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡀࠊ࢔࢖ࣛ࢖ࢼ࣮ࡢ࠶
ࡿሙྜࡣど⥺᪉ྥ࡟ኚ໬ࡢ࡞࠸ሙྜࡣ෌ㄆࡉࢀࡸࡍࡃࠊど
⥺᪉ྥ࡟ኚ໬ࡢ࠶ࡿሙྜࡣ཯ᑐ࡟ࡑࡢኚ໬ࢆ᳨ฟࡉࢀ࡟ࡃ
ࡃ࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊ࢔࢖ࣛ࢖ࢼ࣮ࡣὀどࡢ
᳨ฟ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡣຍ⟬ⓗ࡟ാࡁࠊど⥺ኚ໬ࡢ᳨ฟ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡣ
ῶ⟬ⓗ࡟ാࡃຠᯝࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
㸦8('$ 6D\DNR㸧
̿ 652 ̿