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第8章 ニホンイノシシのウイルス感染症

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第8章 ニホンイノシシのウイルス感染症
රᗜ࣡࢖ࣝࢻࣛ࢖ࣇࣔࣀࢢࣛࣇ 6-8
➨ 㸶 ❶
ࢽ࣍ࣥ࢖ࣀࢩࢩࡢ࢘࢖ࣝࢫឤᰁ⑕
⡿‶◊୕ 1࣭᭹㒊ᚿಖ 1࣭㕥ᮌ⤢Ꮚ 1࣭὾ᓮ༓⳯⨾ 1࣭ୗ⏣ ᐂ 1࣭๓⏣ ೺ 1
せ Ⅼ
࢖ࣀࢩࢩ࡟ឤᰁࡍࡿ࢘࢖ࣝࢫឤᰁ⑕ࡢ୰࡛ࠊࣄࢺࡸ⏕⏘ື≀㸦≉࡟ࣈࢱ㸧࡟ᑐࡋ࡚
ၥ㢟࡜࡞ࡿ E ᆺ⫢⅖࢘࢖ࣝࢫࠊ㔜⑕⇕ᛶ⾑ᑠᯈῶᑡ⑕ೃ⩌࢘࢖ࣝࢫࠊ࣮࢚࢜ࢫ࣮࢟
⑓࢘࢖ࣝࢫࠊ᪥ᮏ⬻⅖࢘࢖ࣝࢫࡢ␿Ꮫㄪᰝࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࠊࣄࢺࡸື≀࡬ࡢࣜࢫࢡ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚
⪃ᐹࡋࡓࠋ
Key words㸸࢖ࣀࢩࢩࠊE ᆺ⫢⅖࢘࢖ࣝࢫࠊ᪥ᮏ⬻⅖࢘࢖ࣝࢫࠊ㔜⑕⇕ᛶ⾑ᑠᯈῶᑡ⑕ೃ⩌࢘
࢖ࣝࢫࠊ࣮࢚࢜ࢫ࣮࢟⑓࢘࢖ࣝࢫ
㸫ࡣࡌࡵ࡟
ࢽ࣍ࣥ࢖ࣀࢩࢩ㸦Sus scrofa leucomystax㸹௨ୗ࢖ࣀࢩࢩ࡜⾲グ㸧ࡣ㞧㣗ᛶ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ
㏆ᖺ㎰స≀➼ࢆồࡵ࡚ࣄࢺࡢ⏕άᅪ࡟౵ධࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊྂ᮶ࡼࡾ࢖ࣀ
ࢩࢩࡢ⫗ࡣࠊ㣗⏝࡜ࡋ࡚ᾘ㈝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࢖ࣀࢩࢩ࡟ឤᰁࡋࠊྠ᫬࡟ࣄࢺࡸࡑࡢ௚ࡢື
≀ࠊ≉࡟ࣈࢱ࡟ࡶឤᰁࡋ⑓Ẽࢆᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡍ࢘࢖ࣝࢫ࡟ࡣࠊᅜෆ࡛ࡣ E ᆺ⫢⅖࢘࢖ࣝࢫࠊ
㔜⑕⇕ᛶ⾑ᑠᯈῶᑡ⑕ೃ⩌࢘࢖ࣝࢫࠊ࣮࢚࢜ࢫ࣮࢟⑓࢘࢖ࣝࢫࠊ᪥ᮏ⬻⅖࢘࢖ࣝࢫࠊ㇜
࢖ࣥࣇ࢚ࣝࣥࢨ࢘࢖ࣝࢫࠊ㇜ࣃࣝ࣎࢘࢖ࣝࢫࠊ㇜⦾Ṫ࣭࿧྾ჾ㞀ᐖ⑕ೃ⩌࢘࢖ࣝࢫࠊ㇜
ࢧ࣮ࢥ࢘࢖ࣝࢫ 2 ࡞࡝ࡀ࠶ࡿ㸦⾲㸯㸧
ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ࢖ࣀࢩࢩ࡟࠾ࡅࡿឤᰁ⑕◊✲ࡢṔྐࡣ
ὸࡃࠊ◊✲ࡀ୙㊊ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊ⾜ᨻࡸ⊁⊟⪅ࠊ୍⯡ᕷẸ࡞࡝⌧ሙࣞ࣋ࣝ࡟ࡲ࡛༑ศ࡞
᝟ሗࡀఏࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡣゝ࠸㞴࠸ࠋࡑࡇ࡛ᮏㄽ࡛ࡣࠊᡃࠎࡢ᭱᪂ࡢ◊✲ᡂᯝ㸦Hara et al.
In press; Takahashi et al. In press; ๓⏣ 2014; Mahmoud et al. 2011; Shimoda et al.
2013; Shimojima et al. 2011; Shimoda et al.; Ohno et al. 2009㸧࡟ࡼࡾุ᫂ࡋࡘࡘ࠶
ࡿࠊ࢖ࣀࢩࢩ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ E ᆺ⫢⅖࢘࢖ࣝࢫࠊ᪥ᮏ⬻⅖࢘࢖ࣝࢫࠊ㔜⑕⇕ᛶ⾑ᑠᯈῶᑡ⑕
ೃ⩌࢘࢖ࣝࢫࠊ࠾ࡼࡧ࣮࢚࢜ࢫ࣮࢟⑓࢘࢖ࣝࢫ࡟㛵ࡍࡿឤᰁ≧ἣࡸឤᰁ⤒㊰ࡢ≉ᚩࢆ⾜
ᨻᢸᙜ⪅ࡸ⊁⊟⪅࡞࡝ࡢᑐ⟇⪅ྥࡅ࡟⥲ㄽⓗ࡟⤂௓ࡋࠊࣄࢺࡸື≀࡬ࡢឤᰁࣜࢫࢡ࡟ࡘ
࠸࡚⪃ᐹࡋࠊࡲࡓឤᰁ㜵ᚚ᪉ἲ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᥦゝࡍࡿࠋ࡞࠾ࠊᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣᢠཎ㸦࢘࢖ࣝࢫࡢ
㑇ఏᏊ㸧᳨ฟ᳨ᰝ࡜ᢠయ᳨ฟ᳨ᰝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᢠཎ᳨ᰝࡣࢧࣥࣉࣜࣥࢢࡉࢀࡓᙜ᫬ࡢ࢘࢖
ࣝࢫࡢឤᰁ᭷↓ࢆ᳨⣴࡛ࡁࡿ᳨ᰝ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୍᪉ࠊᢠయ᳨ᰝࡣࠊ㐣ཤࡢឤᰁṔࢆ᳨⣴ࡍࡿ
ࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ᳨ᰝ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ᒣཱྀ኱Ꮫඹྠ⋇་Ꮫ㒊⑓ែไᚚᏛㅮᗙ⋇་ᚤ⏕≀Ꮫศ㔝
රᗜ࣡࢖ࣝࢻࣛ࢖ࣇࣔࣀࢢࣛࣇ 6-8
⾲㸯㸬࢖ࣀࢩࢩ⏤᮶ࡢࣄࢺ࠾ࡼࡧື≀࡟ឤᰁࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡢ࠶ࡿ୺せ࡞࢘࢖ࣝࢫឤᰁ⑕
( ᆺ⫢⅖
( ᆺ⫢⅖ࡢ␿Ꮫ࡜୍⯡ᛶ≧
E ᆺ⫢⅖ࡣࠊE ᆺ⫢⅖࢘࢖ࣝࢫ㸦௨ୗࠊHEV㸧ឤᰁ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡉࢀࡿே⋇ඹ
㏻ឤᰁ⑕࡛࠶ࡿࠋⓎᒎ㏵ୖᅜ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣỈࢆ௓ࡋࡓ⣅ཱྀឤᰁ࡟ࡼࡾឤᰁࡍࡿ࡜࠸ࢃࢀ࡚
࠾ࡾࠊ௨๓ࡣࢃࡀᅜ࡛ࡣὶ⾜ᆅ࡟Ώ⯟ࡋࡓࣄࢺࡀឤᰁࡍࡿࠊ㍺ධឤᰁ⑕࡜ࡋ࡚ㄆ㆑ࡉࢀ
࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ2003 ᖺ 4 ᭶࡟රᗜ┴࡛ࢽ࣍ࣥࢪ࢝㸦Cervus Nippon㸹௨ୗࢩ࢝࡜⾲
グ㸧ࡢ⫗ࡢ⏕㣗࡟ࡼࡿឤᰁ஦౛ࡀⓎ⏕ࡋࠊࡇࢀࡀ㣗ရ࡟ࡼࡿឤᰁࡢึࡵ࡚ࡢ☜ㄆ஦౛࡜
࡞ࡗࡓ㸦Tei et al. 2003㸧
ࠋࡑࢀ௨㝆ࠊE ᆺ⫢⅖ࡣ㣗ရ፹௓ᛶឤᰁ⑕࡜ࡋ࡚ㄆ㆑ࡉࢀࡿࡼ
࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊᕷ㈍ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㇜ࡢ⏕ࣞࣂ࣮࠿ࡽ HEV ࡀ᳨ฟࡉࢀࡓࡇ࡜ࢆࡣࡌࡵ
㸦Yazaki et al. 2003㸧
ࠊ⌧ᅾࠊ㇜⫗ࠊ࢖ࣀࢩࢩ⫗ࠊࢩ࢝⫗ࡢ⏕⫗ࡢႚ㣗ࡀᅜෆ࡛ࡢࣄࢺ
࡬ࡢឤᰁ※࡜ࡋ࡚㔜せどࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊE ᆺ⫢⅖࢘࢖ࣝࢫ࡟ࡣ 4 ✀㢮ࡢ㑇ఏᏊᆺࡀ
Ꮡᅾࡋࠊ1 ᆺࠊ2 ᆺࡀᾏእ࡛ὶ⾜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊ3 ᆺࠊ4 ᆺࡣᅜෆ࡛ື≀ࡢ⫗࠿
ࡽឤᰁࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⌧ᅾࠊឤᰁ⑕ࡢண㜵ཬࡧឤᰁ⑕ࡢᝈ⪅࡟ᑐࡍࡿ་
⒪࡟㛵ࡍࡿἲᚊ㸦௨ୗࠊ
ࠕឤᰁ⑕ἲࠖ
㸧࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁࠊE ᆺ⫢⅖ࡣឤᰁ⑕ἲࡢ➨ᅄ㢮ឤᰁ⑕࡟
ᣦᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᝈ⪅ࢆデ᩿ࡋࡓ་ᖌࡣಖ೺ᡤ࡟┤ࡕ࡟ᒆฟࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ⩏ົ࡙ࡅࡽࢀ࡚࠸
ࡿࠋ
ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏࡢ 3 ᆅᇦ࡛ᤕ⋓ࡉࢀࡓ࢖ࣀࢩࢩ࠾ࡼࡧࢩ࢝࠿ࡽᚓࡽࢀࡓ⾑ᾮࢆศᯒ
ࡋࠊᢠయ࠾ࡼࡧᢠཎ㸦࢘࢖ࣝࢫࡢ㑇ఏᏊ㸧ࡢ᳨ฟࡢ୧ᐇ㦂࡟ࡼࡾࠊHEV ࡢឤᰁ≧ἣࢆ
ศᯒࡋࡓࠋ
රᗜ࣡࢖ࣝࢻࣛ࢖ࣇࣔࣀࢢࣛࣇ 6-8
ᮦᩱ࠾ࡼࡧ᪉ἲ
᳨ᰝᑐ㇟ᆅᇦ࠾ࡼࡧࢧࣥࣉࣝᩘ
୰ᅜ࣭஑ᕞ࣭㛵ᮾᆅ᪉࡟࡚ 2009 ᖺ࠿ࡽ 2013 ᖺ࡟ᤕ⋓ࡉࢀࡓ࢖ࣀࢩࢩࡼࡾᚓࡽࢀࡓ
⾑Ύࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ࢖ࣀࢩࢩ⾑Ύࡢࢧࣥࣉࣝᩘࡣ୰ᅜᆅ᪉ 167ࠊ஑ᕞᆅ᪉ 46ࠊ㛵ᮾᆅ᪉ 152
࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓẚ㍑ᑐ㇟࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ࢖ࣀࢩࢩ⾑Ύࢆ᥇ྲྀࡋࡓࡢ࡜ྠᆅᇦ࡛࠶ࡿࠊ୰ᅜᆅ᪉
࡛ᤕ⋓ࡉࢀࡓࢩ࢝ࡼࡾᚓࡽࢀࡓ⾑Ύࡶศᯒ࡟⏝࠸ࡓࠋࢩ࢝⾑Ύࡢࢧࣥࣉࣝᩘࡣ 209 ࡛
࠶ࡗࡓࠋ᳨ᰝ┠ⓗࡀ␗࡞ࡿࡓࡵࢧࣥࣉࣝᩘ࡟ࡣᕪࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ
+(9 ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᢠయࡢ᳨ฟ
ELISA ἲ࡟ࡼࡾ⾑Ύ୰ࡢᢠయࢆ᳨ฟࡋࡓࠋELISA ᢠཎࡣࠊୗ㛵ࡢ HEV ᝈ⪅ࡢ㑇ఏ
Ꮚ㸦JTF-Yamagu11 ᰴ㸧ࢆᇶ࡟ N ᮎ➃㡿ᇦࢆḞᦆࡋࡓ ORF2 ࢆࢥ࣮ࢻࡍࡿ㑇ఏᏊࡣࣉ
ࣛ࢖࣐࣮Yamagu11 ORF2 112F (ClaI)(5’-GTA TCG ATC ACC ATG GCT GTG GCT
CCG GCC CCT-3’)࡜ Yamagu11 ORF2 660R-His (5’-GTA GAT CTT CAG TGA TGG
TGA TGG TGA TGG TAC TCC CGG GTT TTA CCC A-3’)࡛ቑᖜࡋࡓࠋቑᖜࡋࡓ㑇ఏ
Ꮚࡣ ClaI ࡜ BglII ࡛ษ᩿ࡋࡓᚋࠊpCAGGS/MCS ࡢ ClaI ࡜ BglII ࢧ࢖ࢺ࡟ᤄධࡋࡓࠋ
ᚓࡽࢀࡓⓎ⌧ࣉࣛࢫ࣑ࢻࢆ 293T ⣽⬊࡟࣏࢚ࣜࢳࣞࣥ࢖࣑ࣥࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࢺࣛࣥࢫࣇ࢙ࢡࢩ
ࣙࣥࡋࡓࠋࢺࣛࣥࢫࣇ࢙ࢡࢩࣙࣥ⣽⬊ࡣ RIPA ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ 4Υ1 ᫬㛫ฎ⌮ࡋࡓᚋࠊ15000
ᅇ㌿ 4Υ30 ศ㛫㐲ᚰࡋ࡚ୖΎࢆᅇ཰ࡋࡓࠋᢳฟᢠཎࢆ 5ȣg/mε࡟ᕼ㔘ࡋࡓᚋࠊ100ȣε
ࢆྛ࢙࢘ࣝ࡟᥋✀ࡋ࡚ ELISA ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࣈࣟࢵ࢟ࣥࢢᾮ࠾ࡼࡧᢠཎᕼ㔘ᾮ࡟ࡣࣈࣟࢵ
ࢡ࢚࣮ࢫࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ⾑Ύࡣ 1㸸100 ࡟ᕼ㔘ࡋࠊ஧ḟᢠయ࡟ࡣ࣌ࣟ࢟ࢩࢱ࣮ࢮᶆ㆑
ProteinA/G ࢆ 1㸸10000 ᕼ㔘ࡋ࡚⏝࠸ࡓࠋⓎⰍ࡟ࡣ Bio-Rad ࡢࣃ࣮࢜࢟ࢩࢲ࣮ࢮᇶ㉁
࢟ࢵࢺࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ
+(9 㑇ఏᏊ᳨ฟ
⾑Ύ࠿ࡽ QIAamp Viral RNA Mini Kit ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ RNA ࢆᢳฟࡋࠊHEV-F1 ࣉࣛ࢖࣐
࣮࡜ HEV-R2 ࣉࣛ࢖࣐࣮ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ RT-PCR ࢆᐇ᪋ࠊ᭦࡟ RT-PCR ⏘≀ࢆࠊHEV-F2 ࣉ
ࣛ࢖࣐࣮࡜ HEV-R1 ࣉࣛ࢖࣐࣮ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ Nested PCR ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ㑇ఏᏊࡢ᳨ฟࢆヨࡳࡓࠋ
HEV 㑇ఏᏊࡢ᳨ฟࢆヨࡳࡓࠋ㝧ᛶࡀ␲ࢃࢀࡿࢧࣥࣉࣝ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡣࠊሷᇶ㓄ิࢆỴᐃࡋࠊ
᭱⤊ⓗ࡟ุᐃࡍࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊ㑇ఏᏊᆺࡢゎᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ
⤖ᯝ࠾ࡼࡧ⪃ᐹ
࢖ࣀࢩࢩ࡛ࡣ୰ᅜᆅ᪉࡟࠾࠸࡚ 75 㢌୰ 23 㢌㸦31%㸧ࠊ஑ᕞᆅ᪉࡟࠾࠸࡚ 46 㢌୰ 10
㢌㸦22%㸧
ࠊ㛵ᮾᆅ᪉࡟࠾࠸࡚ 152 㢌୰ 12 㢌㸦8%㸧ࠊࢩ࡛࢝ࡣ୰ᅜᆅ᪉࡟࠾࠸࡚ 209
㢌୰ 1 㢌㸦0.5㸣㸧ࡀࠊHEV ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᢠయࢆಖ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ㸦⾲㸰㸧ࠋᚑࡗ࡚ࠊHEV ࡟ᑐ
ࡍࡿឤᰁ⋡ࡣᆅᇦᕪࡀ࠶ࡿࡶࡢࡢࠊ3 ᆅᇦ࡛ࡣࠊ࢖ࣀࢩࢩࢆឤᰁᐟ୺࡜ࡋ࡚ HEV ࡀศ
රᗜ࣡࢖ࣝࢻࣛ࢖ࣇࣔࣀࢢࣛࣇ 6-8
ᕸࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊྠ୍ᆅᇦ࡛࠶ࡿ୰ᅜᆅ᪉࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ࢖ࣀࢩࢩ࡜
ࢩ࢝ࡢ HEV ឤᰁ⋡ࡀ኱ࡁࡃ␗࡞ࡾࠊࢩ࢝ࡢឤᰁ⋡ࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟ప࠿ࡗࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊࢩ࢝࡟
ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢሗ࿌࡜ྠᵝ࡟ࠊHEV ࡢឤᰁࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟ࡲࢀ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋ
HEV 㑇ఏᏊ᳨ᰝ࡟ࡼࡾࠊ࢘࢖ࣝࢫࡢ㑇ఏᏊࡢಖ᭷ࡢ᭷↓ࢆㄪ࡭ࡓࠋ࢖ࣀࢩࢩ࡛ࡣ୰
ᅜᆅ᪉ࡢಶయ 167 㢌୰ 6 㢌㸦4%㸧࠿ࡽࠊࢩ࢝࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ୰ᅜᆅ᪉ࡢಶయ 201 㢌୰ 1 㢌
㸦0.5%㸧ࡢ⾑Ύ࠿ࡽ HEV 㑇ఏᏊࡀ᳨ฟࡉࢀࡓࡀࠊ஑ᕞ࠾ࡼࡧ㛵ᮾᆅ᪉ࡢ࢖ࣀࢩࢩ࠿ࡽ
ࡣ HEV 㑇ఏᏊࡣ᳨ฟࡉࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㸦⾲㸱㸧ࠋHEV 㑇ఏᏊࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓ୰ᅜᆅ᪉ࡢ࢖ࣀ
ࢩࢩ 6 㢌࡜ࢩ࢝ 1 㢌࠿ࡽ᳨ฟࡉࢀࡓ HEV 㑇ఏᏊᆺࢆゎᯒࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢ㑇ఏᏊࡣ
㠀ᖖ࡟㏆⦕࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ᭦࡟ࠊྠᆅᇦ࡛Ⓨ⑓ࡋࡓࣄࢺࡢ E ᆺ⫢⅖ᝈ⪅࠿ࡽ᳨ฟࡉࢀࡓ㑇
ఏᏊࡀࡇࡢࢡࣛࢫࢱ࣮࡟ྵࡲࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊࡇࡢᆅᇦࡢ HEV ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏࢆྵࡴ௚ࡢᆅ᪉࠿
ࡽ᳨ฟࡉࢀࡓ HEV ࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡿ⊂❧ࡋࡓࢡࣛࢫࢱ࣮ࢆᙧᡂࡋࡓ㸦ᅗ㸯㸧
ࠋ௨ୖࡼࡾࠊ୰
ᅜᆅ᪉࡛ࡣࠊ࠶ࡿ HEV ࡢ㑇ఏᏊᆺ࡟ࡼࡿ࢖ࣀࢩࢩࠊࢩ࢝ࠊࣄࢺ㛫࡛ឤᰁ⎔ࡀᡂ❧ࡋ࡚
࠸ࡓࡇ࡜ࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋ
⾲ 㸬+(9 ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᢠయಖ᭷⋡
࢖ࣀࢩࢩ
ࢩ࢝
୰ᅜᆅ᪉ ஑ᕞᆅ᪉ 㛵ᮾᆅ᪉ ୰ᅜᆅ᪉
ㄪᰝᩘ
ᢠయ㝧ᛶᩘ
ᢠయ㝧ᛶ⋡㸣
⾲ 㸬⾑Ύ୰࡟࠾ࡅࡿ +(9 㑇ఏᏊ᳨ฟ⋡
࢖ࣀࢩࢩ
ࢩ࢝
୰ᅜᆅ᪉ ஑ᕞᆅ᪉ 㛵ᮾᆅ᪉ ୰ᅜᆅ᪉
ㄪᰝᩘ
㑇ఏᏊ㝧ᛶᩘ
㑇ఏᏊ㝧ᛶ⋡㸦㸣㸧
ᮏ◊✲ࢆྵࡵࠊ⾑ᾮ࠿ࡽ E ᆺ⫢⅖࢘࢖ࣝࢫ㸦HEV㸧ࡢ㑇ఏᏊࡀ᳨ฟࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡍ
࡞ࢃࡕࠊ࢖ࣀࢩࢩ࠾ࡼࡧࢩ࢝࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ඲㌟ࡢ➽⫗ෆ࠾ࡼࡧྛ⮚ჾ࡟ HEV ࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿ
ࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ࢖ࣀࢩࢩ࠾ࡼࡧࢩ࢝ࢆႚ㣗ࡍࡿሙྜ࡟ࡣࠊ࡝ࡢ㒊఩࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡶ༑ศ
࡟ຍ⇕ࢆࡍࡿᚲせᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓㄪ⌮࡛౑⏝ࡋࡓჾලࡶ༑ศ࡟Ὑίࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㸦ᅗ
㸰㸧
රᗜ࣡࢖ࣝࢻࣛ࢖ࣇࣔࣀࢢࣛࣇ 6-8
ᅗ ࢖ࣀࢩࢩ࣭ࢩ࣭࢝ࣄࢺ࠿ࡽ᳨ฟࡉࢀࡓ +(9 㑇ఏᏊࡢ⣔⤫ゎᯒ
࢖ࣀࢩࢩ⏤᮶ᰴࡣ㉥Ꮠ࣭⥳Ꮠࠊࢩ࢝⏤᮶ᰴࡣ㟷Ꮠࠊࣄࢺ⏤᮶ᰴࡣ⣸࡛♧ࡍࠋ
ᅗ ( ᆺ⫢⅖࢘࢖ࣝࢫࡢឤᰁࡢྍ⬟ᛶ
㔜⑕⇕ᛶ⾑ᑠᯈῶᑡ⑕ೃ⩌6)76࢘࢖ࣝࢫ
6)76 ࡢ␿Ꮫ࡜୍⯡ᛶ≧
㔜⑕⇕ᛶ⾑ᑠᯈῶᑡ⑕ೃ⩌㸦SFTS㸧ࡣ SFTS ࢘࢖ࣝࢫ㸦௨ୗࠊSFTSV㸧ࡢឤᰁ࡟ࡼ
ࡾ㸪ࣄࢺ࡟Ⓨ⇕ࠊⓑ⾑⌫ῶᑡࠊ⾑ᑠᯈῶᑡࠊ⫢㓝⣲ࡢୖ᪼࡞࡝ࢆᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡍࠊ⮴Ṛᛶࡢ
㧗࠸ே⋇ඹ㏻ឤᰁ⑕࡛࠶ࡿࠋ2011 ᖺ࡟୰ᅜ࡟࠾࠸࡚ึࡵ࡚ሗ࿌ࡉࢀࡓ⑓Ẽ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ୰
රᗜ࣡࢖ࣝࢻࣛ࢖ࣇࣔࣀࢢࣛࣇ 6-8
ᅜ࡛ࡣࢲࢽࡀᮏ࢘࢖ࣝࢫࢆ፹௓ࡋࠊࡵࢇ⨺ࠊࣖࢠࠊ࢘ࢩࠊ࢖ࢾࠊࣈࢱࠊࢽ࣡ࢺࣜ࡞࡝ከ
ࡃࡢື≀ࡀ SFTSV ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᢠయࢆಖ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦Yu et al. 2011ࠊᅗ
㸱㸧
ࠋᅜෆ࡛ࡣ 2013 ᖺ 1 ᭶࡟ᒣཱྀ┴࡛ᅜෆึࡢ SFTS ᝈ⪅ࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀࠊࡑࡢᚋࡢㄪᰝ
࡟ࡼࡾࠊ2005 ᖺ࠿ࡽ SFTS ᝈ⪅ࡀⓎ⏕ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡇ࡜ࡀุ᫂ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦Takahashi et al.
In press㸧ࠋࡑࡢ௚ SFTS ᝈ⪅ࡢⓎ⏕᫬ᮇࡣ 4 ᭶࠿ࡽ 10 ᭶࡛ࢲࢽࡢάື᫬ᮇ࡟୍⮴ࡍࡿ
ࡇ࡜ࠊᖺ㱋ู࡛ࡣ 50 ṓ௨ୖࠊᆅᇦู࡛ࡣ୰ᅜࠊᅄᅜࠊ஑ᕞᆅ᪉࡟Ⓨ⏕ࡀከ࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀࠊ
≉ᚩ࡜ࡋ࡚ሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦Takahashi et al. In press㸧ࠋ⌧ᅾࠊឤᰁ⑕ἲ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁࠊᝈ
⪅ࢆデ᩿ࡋࡓ་ᖌࡣಖ೺ᡤ࡟┤ࡕ࡟ᒆฟࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ⩏ົ࡙ࡅࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊᅜෆ࡟࠾ࡅ
ࡿ SFTS ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᝟ሗࡣᑡ࡞࠸ࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ୰ᅜᆅ᪉ࡢ࢖ࣀࢩࢩ࠾ࡼࡧࢩ࢝࡟࠾ࡅࡿ
SFTSV ࡢឤᰁ≧ἣࢆศᯒࡋࡓࠋ
༸
⏘༸
Ꮴ໬
㔝⏕ື≀䞉䝠䝖䞉ᐙ␆
ᡂ䝎䝙
྾⾑
྾⾑
㻿㻲㼀㻿㼂
⬺⓶
㻿㻲㼀㻿㼂
྾⾑
㻿㻲㼀㻿㼂
ᗂ䝎䝙
⬺⓶
ⱝ䝎䝙
ᅗ 6)76 ࢘࢖ࣝࢫࡢឤᰁ⎔࡜㔝⏕ື≀࡜ࡢ㛵ಀ
ᮦᩱ࠾ࡼࡧ᪉ἲ
᳨ᰝᑐ㇟ᆅᇦ࠾ࡼࡧࢧࣥࣉࣝᩘ
୰ᅜᆅ᪉࡛ 2009 ᖺ࠿ࡽ 2013 ᖺ࡟ᤕ⋓ࡉࢀࡓ࢖ࣀࢩࢩ 115 㢌࠾ࡼࡧࢩ࢝ 130 㢌ࡢ⾑
Ύࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ
රᗜ࣡࢖ࣝࢻࣛ࢖ࣇࣔࣀࢢࣛࣇ 6-8
6)769 ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᢠయࡢ᳨ฟ
SFTSV㸦HB29 ᰴ㸧ឤᰁ⣽⬊࠾ࡼࡧ mock ឤᰁ⣽⬊ࢆᢠཎ࡜ࡋࡓ ELISA ἲࢆ 100ࠊ
400ࠊ1600ࠊ6400 ಸᕼ㔘ࡋࡓ࢖ࢾ⾑Ύࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࠋ஧ḟᢠయ࡟ࡣ HRP ᶆ㆑
Protein A/G ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ
⤖ᯝ࠾ࡼࡧ⪃ᐹ
୰ᅜᆅ᪉࡛ᤕ⋓ࡉࢀࡓ࢖ࣀࢩࢩ 115 㢌୰ 9 㢌㸦8%㸧
ࠊࢩ࢝ 130 㢌୰ 65 㢌㸦50%㸧ࡀ
SFTSV ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᢠయࢆಖ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ㸦⾲㸲㸧
ࠋࡲࡓࠊ᳃ᕝ࡯࠿㸦2013㸧ࡢ⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࠊ
㣫⫱≟ࡼࡾࡶ⊁⊟≟ࡢ᪉ࡀ SFTS ࢘࢖ࣝࢫᢠయࡢ㝧ᛶ⋡ࡀ㧗࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ
ᒣᯘ࡟ධࡿᶵ఍ࡀከ࠸࡜ឤᰁ⋡ࡀ㧗ࡲࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋ௨ୖࡼࡾࠊᅜෆึࡢ
SFTS ᝈ⪅ࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓᆅᇦ࿘㎶࡟⏕ᜥࡍࡿ࢖ࣀࢩࢩ࠾ࡼࡧࢩ࢝࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊSFTSV ឤ
ᰁṔࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࠊ᪥ᮏ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ㔝⏕ື≀࡟ SFTSV ࡢឤᰁࡀᡂ❧ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓࠋ
ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢሗ࿌࠿ࡽ SFTSV ࡣࢲࢽ࡟ࡼࡾ፹௓ࡉࢀࡿࡓࡵࠊᮏ◊✲⤖ᯝࡣࠊࡇࡢᆅᇦ࡟
⏕ᜥࡍࡿࢲࢽࡣ SFTS ࢘࢖ࣝࢫࢆಖ᭷ࡍࡿࡋ࡚࠸ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧၀ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡇࡢྍ⬟ᛶࢆ⌮ゎࡋࠊࢲࢽ࡟ࡼࡿ่ညࢆ㜵ᚚࡍࡿᡭẁࢆྲྀࡿ࡜ඹ࡟ࠊSFTS Ⓨ⑕᫬ࡢ⑕
≧ࡢ≉ᚩࢆࡼࡃ⌮ゎࡋࠊSFTSV ឤᰁࡀ␲ࢃࢀࡿሙྜ࡟ࡣ⮳ᛴ⑓㝔࡟⾜ࡁࠊࢲࢽ࡟่ည
ࡉࢀࡓࡇ࡜ࢆ࿌ࡆ࡚㎿㏿࡟デ᩿ࡋ࡚ࡶࡽ࠺ᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋຍ࠼࡚ࠊࢲࢽ࡟ࡼࡾ፹௓ࡉࢀࡿ
ឤᰁ⑕ࡣࠊSFTS ௨እ࡟ࡶ᪥ᮏ⣚ᩬ⇕ࡸࣛ࢖࣒⑓ࠊࡘࡘࡀࡴࡋ⑓࡞࡝ᵝࠎ࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊࢲ
ࢽ࡟ࡼࡿ่ည࡟ࡣᬑẁ࠿ࡽ༑ศ࡟ὀពࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ
⾲ 㸬6)769 ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᢠయಖ᭷⋡
࢖ࣀࢩࢩ
ࢩ࢝
ᢠయ㝧ᛶᩘ
ᢠయ㝧ᛶ⋡
ㄪᰝᩘ
ᮏ◊✲࡛࢖ࣀࢩࢩࡢᢠయ㝧ᛶ⋡ࡀࢩ࢝࡟ẚ࡭࡚ప࠿ࡗࡓ⤖ᯝ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊཎᅉࡣ⌧ᅾ
᫂☜࡟ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡀࠊSFTSV ࢆ፹௓ࡍࡿࢲࢽࡢ྾⾑ື≀࡟ᑐࡍࡿႴዲᛶࡀ㛵୚ࡋ࡚࠸
ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡓࡵࠊ௒ᚋࡢ◊✲ࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿࠋ
࣮࢚࢜ࢫ࣮࢟⑓࢘࢖ࣝࢫ
࣮࢚࢜ࢫ࣮࢟⑓ࡢ␿Ꮫ࡜୍⯡ᛶ≧
࣮࢚࢜ࢫ࣮࢟⑓ࡣ㇜࣊ࣝ࣌ࢫ࢘࢖ࣝࢫ 1㸦௨ୗࠊPRV㸧࡟ࡼࡗ࡚Ⓨ⑕ࡍࡿࠊࣈࢱ࠾ࡼ
ࡧ࢖ࣀࢩࢩࡀᑐ㇟࡜࡞ࡿᒆฟఏᰁ⑓࡛࠶ࡾࠊᗂ㇜ࡀⓎ⑕ࡍࡿ࡜⮴Ṛ⋡ࡀ㧗࠸ࡓࡵࠊ㣴㇜
රᗜ࣡࢖ࣝࢻࣛ࢖ࣇࣔࣀࢢࣛࣇ 6-8
ᴗ࡟ከ኱࡞⤒῭ⓗ⿕ᐖࢆཬࡰࡍࠋឤᰁࡣࠊ㰯Ồࡢ㣕ἓࠊᦤ㣗ࠊയཱྀ࠿ࡽࡢឤᰁࡸởᰁ≀
ࡢᦤྲྀࡀཎᅉ࡜࡞ࡾࠊᡂ㇜࡛ࡣṚஸ⋡ࡣ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡃࠊከࡃࡢሙྜࡣ୙㢧ᛶឤᰁ㸨࡟⤊ࢃࡿ
ࡇ࡜ࡀከ࠸ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࣈࢱࡸ࢖ࣀࢩࢩ௨እࡢື≀࡟ឤᰁࡋࡓሙྜࡣࠊ⚄⤒⑕≧࡛࠶ࡿᥙ
⑛⑕ࢆᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡋࠊ࡯ࡰ 100%Ṛஸࡍࡿࠋឤᰁᚋ࡟ PRV ࡟⪏㐣ࡋࡓࣈࢱ࡛ࡣࠊ࢘࢖ࣝ
ࢫࡀ₯అឤᰁ㸨㸨ࡍࡿ≉ᚩࡀ࠶ࡾࠊᅜෆ࡛ࡣࠊ
ࠕ࣮࢚࢜ࢫ࣮࢟⑓㜵␿ᑐ⟇せ㡿ࠖ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁࠊ
ࣈࢱ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ࣡ࢡࢳࣥࢥࣥࢺ࣮ࣟࣝ࡟ࡼࡾ 36 ┴࡛ PRV ࡢΎί໬࡟ᡂຌࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ
11 ┴࡛Ὑί໬ᑐ⟇ࡀᐇ᪋ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦㎰ᯘỈ⏘┬ᾘ㈝࣭Ᏻ඲ᒁື≀⾨⏕ㄢ㸧ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ
⮫ᗋ⑕≧ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࣈࢱࡢ᦬Ⓨ࣭Ὲử௨እ࡟ࡶࠊ₯అឤᰁࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㔝እ࢘࢖ࣝࢫᢠయ
㝧ᛶࣈࢱࢆ᪩ᮇ࡟Ⓨぢࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ
㏆␥ᆅ᪉ࡣࠊ᏶඲࡟࣮࢚࢜ࢫ࣮࢟⑓ࡢΎί໬࡟ᡂຌࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡀࠊዉⰋ┴࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ
1997 ᖺ࡟࢖ࣀࢩࢩࡢ⏕⫗ࢆ㣗࡭ࡓ⊟≟ࡀ࣮࢚࢜ࢫ࣮࢟⑓࡟ࡼࡾከᩘṚஸࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࡀሗ
࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ᖾ⏣࡯࠿ 2000㸧
ࠋᚑࡗ࡚ࠊ࢖ࣀࢩࢩ࡟ࡣ₯ᅾⓗ࡟࣮࢚࢜ࢫ࣮࢟⑓࢘࢖ࣝ
ࢫࡀឤᰁࡋ࡚࠸ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ㧗࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡀࠊᅜෆࡢ࢖ࣀࢩࢩ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࣮࢚࢜ࢫ࣮࢟
⑓࢘࢖ࣝࢫࡢឤᰁ≧ἣ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣሗ࿌ࡀ࡞࠸ࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ࣮࢚࢜ࢫ࣮࢟⑓ࡢ⾑Ύ␿Ꮫ
ㄪᰝࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࠋ
㸨
୙㢧ᛶឤᰁ㸸ឤᰁࡣࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊⓎ⑓ࢆకࢃ࡞࠸ឤᰁࠋ
㸨㸨
₯అឤᰁ㸸࢘࢖ࣝࢫࡣ᳨ฟࡉࢀ࡟ࡃ࠸ࡀࠊᣢ⥆ⓗ࡟ឤᰁࡀᡂ❧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ≧ἣࠋ
ᮦᩱ࠾ࡼࡧ᪉ἲ
᳨ᰝᑐ㇟ᆅᇦ࠾ࡼࡧࢧࣥࣉࣝᩘ
ࣈࢱ࡛ࡢ࣮࢚࢜ࢫ࣮࢟⑓ࡢΎί໬࡟ᡂຌࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ 3 ┴ࠊ
㏆␥ᆅ᪉ࡢ A ┴࠾ࡼࡧ B ┴ࠊ
୰ᅜᆅ᪉ࡢ C ┴࡛ࠊ2007 ᖺ࠿ࡽ 2010 ᖺ࡟ᤕ⋓ࡉࢀࡓ࢖ࣀࢩࢩࡑࢀࡒࢀ 50 㢌ࠊ71 㢌ࠊ
52 㢌࠿ࡽᚓࡽࢀࡓ⾑Ύࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ
359 ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᢠయࡢ᳨ฟ
࢘࢖ࣝࢫࡣ PRV Indiana ᰴࠊ⣽⬊ࡣࣈࢱ⏤᮶ CPK ⣽⬊㸦ື≀⾨⏕◊✲ᡤࡼࡾศ୚㸧
ࢆ⏝࠸࡚୰࿴ヨ㦂࡟ࡼࡾࠊ⾑Ύ୰ࡢ࢘࢖ࣝࢫᢠయࢆ᳨ฟࡋࡓࠋPRV ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᢠయ㝧ᛶ
ಶయࢆ᳨ฟࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ1㸸10 ᕼ㔘⾑Ύࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ 80㸣ࣉ࣮ࣛࢡῶᩘヨ㦂ࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࠋ
㝧ᛶಶయ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ⾑Ύࢆ஧ಸ㝵ẁᕼ㔘ࡋ࡚ᢠయ౯ࢆồࡵࡓࠋ
࣡ࢡࢳࣥᰴ࡜㔝እᰴࡢ㆑ู
㔝እᰴឤᰁಶయ࡟ࡢࡳฟ⌧ࡍࡿ gE ᢠయࡢ᳨ฟࢆࠊIDEXX ♫ࡢ g1 Antibody ELISA
ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࠋ᪉ἲࡣ〇ရῧ௜ࡢࣉࣟࢺࢥ࣮ࣝ࡟ᚑࡗࡓࠋ
⤖ᯝ࠾ࡼࡧ⪃ᐹ
㏆␥ᆅ᪉ࡢ 2 ┴࡛ᤕ⋓ࡉࢀࡓ 6 㢌㸦5%㸧ࡢ࢖ࣀࢩࢩ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊPRV ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ࢘࢖ࣝ
ࢫ୰࿴ᢠయ㝧ᛶࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࠋ୍᪉ࠊ୰ᅜᆅ᪉ࡢ㸯┴࡛ᤕ⋓ࡉࢀࡓ࢖ࣀࢩࢩ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ
රᗜ࣡࢖ࣝࢻࣛ࢖ࣇࣔࣀࢢࣛࣇ 6-8
㝧ᛶಶయࡣ☜ㄆࡉࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㸦⾲ 5㸧ࠋ࢘࢖ࣝࢫ୰࿴ᢠయಖ᭷࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࢖ࣀࢩࢩ 6 㢌ࡣࠊ
ࡍ࡭࡚ gE ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᢠయࢆಖ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋᚑࡗ࡚࢖ࣀࢩࢩࡣ࣮࢚࢜ࢫ࣮࢟⑓࢘࢖ࣝࢫࡢ
㔝⏕ᰴ࡟ឤᰁࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࣈࢱ࡬ࡢឤᰁ※࡜࡞ࡾᚓࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓ㸦ᅗ 4㸧ࠋ㎰ሙ
ෆ࡛ࡢ PRV Ύί໬ࡀᡂ❧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿሙྜ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊ≉࡟࢖ࣀࢩࢩ࠿ࡽࡢ㔝እᰴឤᰁࡢ
ྍ⬟ᛶࢆ⪃៖ࡋࠊᑐ⟇ࢆᐇ᪋ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
⾲ 㸬࣮࢚࢜ࢫ࣮࢟⑓࢘࢖ࣝࢫ㸦359㸧࡟ᑐࡍࡿᢠయಖ᭷⋡
㏆␥ᆅ᪉
୰ᅜᆅ᪉
$ ┴
% ┴
& ┴
ㄪᰝᩘ
ᢠయ㝧ᛶᩘ
ᢠయ㝧ᛶ⋡㸣
㣴㇜
㻟㻢㒔㐨ᗓ┴䛷䝽䜽䝏䞁䝁䞁䝖䝻䞊䝹䛻䜘䜚Ύί໬
㽢
䞉㣕ἓ
䞉᥋ゐ
⊟≟
䜲䝜䝅䝅
⏕⫗䛾ႚ㣗
㔝እᰴ䜴䜲䝹䝇䜢ᣢ䛴ྍ⬟ᛶ䛜㧗䛔
ᅗ ࣮࢚࢜ࢫ࣮࢟⑓࢘࢖ࣝࢫ㸦359㸧ࡢឤᰁࡢྍ⬟ᛶ
᪥ᮏ⬻⅖
᪥ᮏ⬻⅖ࡢ␿Ꮫ࡜୍⯡ᛶ≧
᪥ᮏ⬻⅖ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏ⬻⅖࢘࢖ࣝࢫ㸦௨ୗࠊJEV㸧ࡀཎᅉࡢឤᰁ⑕࡛ࠊ့ங㢮࠿ࡽ㫽㢮ࡲ
࡛ᗈ⠊࡞ື≀✀࡟ឤᰁࡍࡿࡀࠊ኱㒊ศࡣ୙㢧ᛶឤᰁࢆ♧ࡍࠋࣄࢺ࠿ࡽࣄࢺ࡬ࡢឤᰁࡣ࡞
ࡃࠊቑᖜື≀㸨㸦ࣈࢱ㸧ࡢయෆ࡛࠸ࡗࡓࢇቑ࠼࡚⾑ᾮ୰࡟ฟ࡚ࡁࡓ࢘࢖ࣝࢫࢆࠊ⺅ࡀ྾
⾑ࡋࠊࡑࡢୖ࡛ࣄࢺ࡞࡝ࢆ่ࡋࡓ᫬࡟ឤᰁࡍࡿࠋࣄࢺࡸ㤿ࡣឤᰁࡍࡿ࡜㔜⠜࡞⬻⅖ࢆⓎ
⑕ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿࡀࠊᅜෆ࡛ࡣ㏆ᖺ࣡ࢡࢳࣥ᥋✀࡟ࡼࡾࠊࣄࢺࡸ㤿࡛ࡢⓎ⏕ࡣ⃭ῶࡋ࡚
࠸ࡿࠋࣈࢱࡣዷፎ㇜࡛ὶ⏘ࢆᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡲࡓ㏆ᖺࠊ࢘ࢩ࡛ࡢ JEV ࡟ࡼࡿ
⬻⅖ࡢⓎ⏕ࡀᐑᓮ┴ࡸឡ▱┴࡛ሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ຍྂ࡯࠿ 2011; ∦ᒣ 2013㸧ࠋ᪥ᮏ⬻
රᗜ࣡࢖ࣝࢻࣛ࢖ࣇࣔࣀࢢࣛࣇ 6-8
⅖ࡣࠊឤᰁ⑕ἲ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁࠊᝈ⪅ࢆデ᩿ࡋࡓ་ᖌࡣಖ೺ᡤ࡟┤ࡕ࡟ᒆฟࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ⩏ົ࡙ࡅ
ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
2008 ᖺ 12 ᭶࡟ࠊරᗜ┴ෆ࡛ᤕ⋓ࡉࢀࡓ࢖ࣀࢩࢩࡢ⾑ᾮ୰࠿ࡽ࢘࢖ࣝࢫࡀศ㞳ࡉࢀࠊ
᭦࡟ 2009 ᖺ 5 ᭶࡟රᗜ┴࡟࠾࠸࡚ᤕ⋓ࡉࢀࡓ࢖ࣀࢩࢩࡢ⾑ᾮ࠿ࡽࡣ࢘࢖ࣝࢫ㑇ఏᏊࡀ
᳨ฟࡉࢀࡓ㸦㧗ᓮ࡯࠿ 2009㸧ࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊ᪥ᮏ⬻⅖࢘࢖ࣝࢫࡢឤᰁ⎔࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ࢖ࣀࢩ
ࢩࡶቑᖜື≀࡜࡞ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀᣦ᦬ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ㏆␥ᆅ᪉࠾ࡼࡧ୰ᅜᆅ᪉ࡢ
࢖ࣀࢩࢩ࠾ࡼࡧࢩ࢝࡟࠾ࡅࡿ JEV ࡢឤᰁ≧ἣࢆศᯒࡋࡓࠋ
㸨
ቑᖜື≀㸸࢘࢖ࣝࢫࢆయෆ࡛ቑᖜࡋࠊ௚ࡢᐟ୺࡟౪⤥ࡍࡿࠋ ᮦᩱ࠾ࡼࡧ᪉ἲ
᳨ᰝᑐ㇟ᆅᇦ࠾ࡼࡧࢧࣥࣉࣝᩘ
㏆␥ᆅ᪉࡛ 2009 ᖺ࠿ࡽ 2013 ᖺ࡟ᤕ⋓ࡉࢀࡓ࢖ࣀࢩࢩ 33 㢌ࠊࢩ࢝ 25 㢌ࠊ࠾ࡼࡧ୰
ᅜᆅ᪉࡛ᤕ⋓ࡉࢀࡓ࢖ࣀࢩࢩ 63 㢌ࡼࡾᚓࡓ⾑Ύࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ
-(9 ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᢠయࡢ᳨ฟ
JEV/sw/Chiba/88/2002 ᰴࢆ⏝࠸࡚ 80㸣ࣉ࣮ࣛࢡῶᩘヨ㦂࡟ࡼࡾ୰࿴ᢠయ౯ࢆ ᐃ
ࡋࡓࠋ10 ಸ௨ୖࡢᢠయ౯ࢆᬻᐃⓗ࡟㝧ᛶ࡜ุᐃࡋࡓࠋ
⤖ᯝ࠾ࡼࡧ⪃ᐹ
㏆␥ᆅ᪉ࡢ࢖ࣀࢩࢩ 33 㢌୰ 22 㢌㸦67%㸧ࠊࢩ࢝ 25 㢌୰ 23 㢌㸦92%㸧
ࠊ୰ᅜᆅ᪉ࡢ
࢖ࣀࢩࢩ 63 㢌୰ 62 㢌㸦98%㸧ࡀࠊJEV ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᢠయࢆಖ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ㸦⾲㸴㸧ࠋ࢖ࣀࢩ
ࢩࡢ᪥ᮏ⬻⅖࡟ᑐࡍࡿᢠయಖ᭷⋡ࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟㧗ࡃࠊࣈࢱ࡜ྠᵝ࡟ቑᖜື≀࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿྍ
⬟ᛶࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊࢩ࢝࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶᢠయ㝧ᛶ⋡ࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟㧗࠿ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊ᪂ࡓ࡞ឤ
ᰁ※࡜ࡋ࡚ὀពࢆࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㸦ᅗ㸳㸧
ࠋ
⾲ 㸬᪥ᮏ⬻⅖࢘࢖ࣝࢫ㸦-(9㸧࡟ᑐࡍࡿᢠయಖ᭷⋡
㏆␥ᆅ᪉
୰ᅜᆅ᪉
࢖ࣀࢩࢩ
ࢩ࢝
࢖ࣀࢩࢩ
ㄪᰝᩘ
ᢠయ㝧ᛶᩘ
ᢠయ㝧ᛶ⋡
රᗜ࣡࢖ࣝࢻࣛ࢖ࣇࣔࣀࢢࣛࣇ 6-8
ឤᰁ䛩䜛ື≀
྾⾑
ቑᖜື≀䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛㔝⏕ື≀䞉ᐙ␆
྾⾑
ᅗ ᪥ᮏ⬻⅖࢘࢖ࣝࢫ㸦-(9㸧ࡢឤᰁ⎔࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㔝⏕ື≀ࡢᙺ๭
ࡲ࡜ࡵ
ᡃࠎࡣࠊ㔝⏕ື≀࡛ࡢ⾑Ύ␿Ꮫㄪᰝࢆᐜ᫆࠿ࡘ≉␗ⓗ࡟ᐇ᪋ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ
ᇵ㣴⣽⬊࡟࡚Ⓨ⌧ࡋࡓࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁ࢆᢠཎ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊProteinA/G ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ ELISA ⣔ࡢᵓ⠏
࡟ᡂຌࡋࡓࠋࡉࡽ࡟ᡃࠎࡢ␿Ꮫㄪᰝ࡟ࡼࡾࠊE ᆺ⫢⅖ࠊSFTSࠊ࣮࢚࢜ࢫ࣮࢟⑓ࠊ᪥ᮏ
⬻⅖ࡢཎᅉ࢘࢖ࣝࢫࡣࠊ࢖ࣀࢩࢩࡀಖ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ㧗ࡃࠊࣄࢺ࠾ࡼࡧࣈࢱࢆྵࡴ
ᵝࠎ࡞ື≀࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊ࢖ࣀࢩࢩࡀࡇࢀࡽࡢឤᰁ⑕ࡢឤᰁ※࡜࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡲ
ࡓࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢឤᰁ⑕ࡢឤᰁ⤒㊰ࡣࠊᦤ㣗ࠊ྾⾑᪻⹸࡟ࡼࡿ፹௓ࠊ㣕ἓ࡞࡝ᵝࠎ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ࡇࢀࡽࡢ⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࠊ㔝⏕ື≀࡜᥋ゐࡍࡿᶵ఍ࡀከ࠸ࠊ⊁⊟ࢆࡍࡿ᪉ࠎࠊ㔝⏕ື≀ࢆ㣗⫗
࡜ࡋ࡚฼⏝ࡉࢀࡿ᪉ࠎࠊ㣴㇜ᴗ⪅ࡢ᪉ࠎ࡟ᑐࡋࠊ௒ᅇㄪᰝࡋࡓឤᰁ⑕ࡢឤᰁࢆண㜵ࡍࡿ
᪉ἲ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ௨ୗࡢὀព஦㡯ࢆᥦゝࡍࡿࠋ
㔝⏕ື≀⟶⌮࡟㛵ࢃࡿ᪉ཬࡧ࢖ࣀࢩࢩࡀ⏕ᜥࡍࡿᆅᇦ࡟࠾ఫ࠸ࡢ᪉࡬
‫ࡢ࡝࡞࢝ࢩࡸࢩࢩࣀ࢖ۑ‬㔝⏕ື≀ࢆゎయࡍࡿ㝿ࡣࠊᡭ⿄ࢆ╔⏝ࡋࠊ⾑ᾮ࡟ࡼࡿ
ởᰁࢆ㜵ࡄ
‫ࡓࡋ⏝౑ۑ‬ໟ୎ࡸࡲ࡞ᯈ࡞࡝ࡢ㐨ල㢮ࡶࠊᚲࡎ୎ᑀ࡟Ὑίࡍࡿ
‫⏕ࠊࡵྵࡶ≟⊟ۑ‬㣗ࡣཝ⚗࡛࠶ࡿࠋႚ㣗᫬࡟ࡣᚲࡎ༑ศຍ⇕ࡍࡿ
‫ۑ‬㔝ᒣ࡟⾜ࡃ㝿ࡣࠊ⺅ࡸࢲࢽ࡞࡝ࡢ྾⾑᪻⹸࡟ࡼࡿ྾⾑ࢆண㜵ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ㛗
⿇㺃㛗ࢬ࣎ࣥࡢ╔⏝ࠊ⹸㝖ࡅ࡞࡝ࢆᐇ᪋ࡍࡿ
‫࡜ࢱࣈࡣࢩࢩࣀ࢖ۑ‬ඹ㏻ឤᰁࡍࡿ⑓ཎయࢆಖ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊ㣫⫱ሙෆ࡬ࡢ࢖
ࣀࢩࢩࡢ౵ධࢆ㜵Ṇࡍࡿ
රᗜ࣡࢖ࣝࢻࣛ࢖ࣇࣔࣀࢢࣛࣇ 6-8
ࡲࡓࠊ௒ᅇㄪᰝࡋࡓ࢘࢖ࣝࢫឤᰁ⑕௨እ࡟ࡶࠊ࢖ࣀࢩࢩ➼㔝⏕ື≀ࡀឤᰁ※࡜࡞ࡿឤ
ᰁ⑕ࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡸࠊᮍࡔⓎぢࡉࢀ࡞࠸࢘࢖ࣝࢫࢆ㔝⏕ື≀ࡀಖ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ
࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࡶࠊୖグࡢ஦㡯࡟ࡣࠊᖖ࡟Ẽࢆ௜ࡅ࡚㡬ࡁࡓ࠸ࠋ
ᘬ⏝ᩥ⊩
Hara, Y., Terada, Y., Yonemitsu, K., Shimoda, H., Noguchi, K., Suzuki, K. and Maeda,
K. High prevalence of hepatitis E virus in wild boar in Yamaguchi Prefecture,
Japan. Journal of Wildlife Diseases (In press).
ຍ ྂ ዉ ⥴ ⨾ ࣭ 㕥 ᮌ Ύ ♧ ࣭ ᮡ Ụ ඾ ᫎ 㸬 2011 㸬 ⦾ Ṫ ࿴ ∵ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ᪥ ᮏ ⬻ ⅖ Ⓨ ⏕ ஦ 㸬
http://www.pref.aichi.jp/cmsfiles/contents/0000049/49901/13.pdf
2014.3.10 accessed.
∦ᒣ㈗ᚿ㸬2013㸬Ꮚ∵ࡢ኱⬻࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᪥ᮏ⬻⅖࢘࢖ࣝࢫ࡟ࡼࡿ㠀໬⮋ᛶ㧊⭷⬻⅖. ື⾨◊
◊✲ሗ࿌. 119:37-45.
ᖾ⏣▱Ꮚ࣭ᰗᮏ῟Ꮚ࣭᯽ཎ ⿱࣭௚㸬2000㸬≉㞟 㔝⏕ື≀ࡢឤᰁ⑕㸦2㸧㔝⏕࢖ࣀࢩࢩࡢ
࣮࢚࢜ࢫ࣮࢟⑓㸬
㸬⋇་␆⏘᪂ሗ. 53(11)㸹939-943㸬
๓⏣ ೺㸬2014㸬㔜⑕⇕ᛶ⾑ᑠᯈῶᑡ⑕ೃ⩌㸦SFTS㸧࢘࢖ࣝࢫࡢศ㞳࠿ࡽ᭱᪂ࡢ▱ぢࡲ࡛.
໬Ꮫ⒪ἲࡢ㡿ᇦ. 30(2):75-88㸬
Mahmoud, HYA., Suzuki, K., Tsuji, T., Yokoyama, M., Shimojima, M. and Maeda K. 2011.
Pseudorabies virus infection in wild boars in Japan. Journal of Veterinary Medical
Science 73(11): 1535-1537.
᳃ᕝ ⱱ࣭Ᏹ⏣ᬗᙪ࣭ຍ᮶⩏ᾈ࣭ᮌᮧᫀఙ࣭௒ᒸᾈ୍࣭⚟ኈ⚽ᝋ࣭ྜྷἙᬛᇛ࣭㇂ⱥᶞ࣭ୗ
ᓥᫀᖾ࣭Ᏻ⸨⚽஧࣭すᲄᨻᖾ࣭⃝㎶ிᏊ࣭ᕝ➃ᐶᶞ࣭᪂಴ ⥤࣭๓⏣ ೺࣭㧗㔝 ឡ࣭
ᰗ஭ᚨ☻࣭⸨⏣༤ᕫ࣭㧗⏣ఙᘯ㸬2013㸬㸺㏿ሗ㸼㔜⑕⇕ᛶ⾑ᑠᯈῶᑡ⑕ೃ⩌㸦SFTS㸧
࢘࢖ࣝࢫࡢᅜෆศᕸㄪᰝ⤖ᯝ㸦➨୍ሗ㸧㸬ᅜ❧ឤᰁ⑕◊✲ᡤ㸪⑓ཎᚤ⏕≀᳨ฟ᝟ሗ㸬
http://www.nih.go.jp/niid/ja/sfts/sfts-iasrs/3864-pr4043.html. (ᥖ㍕᪥ 2013/8/29)
㎰ᯘỈ⏘┬㸬2014㸬࣮࢚࢜ࢫ࣮࢟⑓࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸬㎰ᯘỈ⏘┬ᾘ㈝࣭Ᏻ඲ᒁື≀⾨⏕ㄢ㸪
http://www.maff.go.jp/j/syouan/douei/eisei/e_ad/ 2014.3.10 accessed.
Ohno, Y., Sato, H., Suzuki, K., Yokoyama, M., Uni, S., Shibasaki, T., Sashika, M.,
Inokuma, H., Kai, K., and Maeda K. 2009. Detection of antibodies against Japanese
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