Tamil

f.ngh.j. (c.ju)g; guPl;ir
njhopDl;gtpay; ghlj;Jiw
67 - njhopDl;gtpaYf;fhd tpQ;Qhdk;
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s guPl;irf;fhf
jahupf;fg;gl;l khjpup tpdhf;fSf;Fupa
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
Curriculum
Assessment
&
Evaluation
Teaching
N
E
Learning
T
S
Ma;T mgptpUj;jpf; fpis>
Njrpa kjpg;gPl;bw;Fk; guPl;rpj;jYf;Fkhd Nrit>
,yq;ifg; guPl;irj; jpizf;fsk;.
f.ngh.j. (c.ju) njhopDl;gtpaYf;fhd tpQ;Qhdk;
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s guPl;irf;fhf jahupf;fg;gl;l khjpup tpdhf;fspd; tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b gj;jpuk; I
tpdh
tpil
,yf;fk;
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tpdh
,yf;fk;
26.
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tpil
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2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s njhopDl;gtpaYf;fhd tpQ;Qhd khjpup tpdhf;fspd;
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
2
f.ngh.j. (c.ju) njhopDl;gtpaYf;fhd tpQ;Qhdk;
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s guPl;irf;fhf
jahupf;fg;gl;l khjpup tpdhf;fspd; tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
gj;jpuk; II
gFjp A - mikg;Gf; fl;Liu
1A(i) P - KjYU
Q - gpwg;Gupikg; nghUs;
R - gpsh];kpl;L
S - fyr; Rtu;
T -KjYU nkd;rt;T
(ii) nfhf;fR
(2 x 5 = 10 Gs;spfs;)
Nfhf;Nfhgrpyrp
tpg;upNah
grpyR
,Rg;igupy;yk;
(2 x 3 = 06 Gs;spfs;)
,Rg;igNuhf;fPw;W
(iii)^1& Micobacterium spp
^2&
Escherichia coli
^3&
Clostridium spp
^4&
Lactobacillus spp
^2 ‹ 4 = 08 Gs;spfs;&
(iv)^1& [PNdhk; fUtkpyj;ijg; gpupj;njLj;jy;.
^2&
[PNdhk; ,dJ Njitahd gFjpia ntl;bnaLj;jy;> mjw;fhf vd;Nlh epA+f;fpspNaR nehjpak;
gad;gLj;jg;gLk;.
^3&
ntl;bnaLj;j DNA gFjpia ,dq;fz;L Ntwhf;fpf; n[yp kpd; mad; (Gele lectrophor†is) %yk;
nra;ag;gLk;.
^4&
kPs;Nru;f;if DNA njhopDl;gk; %yk; gpwpNjhu; mq;fpapd; rPNdhk; ,idg; GFj;jy;. ^2 ‹ 4 = 08 Gs;spfs;&
B i) A
^02 Gs;spfs;&
ii) B
^02 Gs;spfs;&
iii)
FSf;NfhR
^05 Gs;spfs;&
iv)
B
^05 Gs;spfs;&
v)nrYNyhir cilg;gjw;F Njitahd nehjpaq;fs; ,y;yhik.$ β -1, 4 fpisf;Nfhrpbf; gpizg;Gf;fis cilg;gjw;F Njitahd nehjpaq;fs; ,y;yhik.
^05 Gs;spfs;&
vi)÷ fljhrpf; ifj;njhopy; $ ehu;
÷ Glitf; ifj;njhopy;> kUe;Jf; ifj;njhopy; Nghd;w rupahd xU tpilf;F
^10 Gs;spfs;&
vii)
÷ ntg;gepiy
÷
pH ngWkhdk;
÷
khg;nghUl; nrwpT ÷ nehjpar; nrwpT ^15 Gs;spfs;&
viii)
÷ Ngf;fup cw;gj;jpfs;
÷
kJrhu cw;gj;jp$ itd; cw;gj;jp Nghd;w rupahd xU tpilf;F
÷
Nahfl; cw;gj;jp ^15 Gs;spfs;&
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s njhopDl;gtpaYf;fhd tpQ;Qhd khjpup tpdhf;fspd;
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
3
C i) ÷ Y - epuk;gpa nfhOg;gkpyk;
÷ Z - epuk;ghj nfhOg;gkpyk; ÷ X - fpsprNuhy;
^02 Gs;spfs;&
^02 Gs;spfs;&
^02 Gs;spfs;&
02. ^⁄& (a) jpwe;j njhFjp
^05 Gs;spfs;&
^05 Gs;spfs;&
ii) khfupd;
^03 Gs;spfs;&
^nkhj;jg; Gs;spfs; 100&
(b) Nkw;fhTif $ fjpu;g;G
^⁄⁄& (a) 3A + B → A3B / 3A (l) + B(l) → A3B(l) ^05 Gs;spfs;&
(b) Gwntg;gj;jhf;fkhf ,Uj;jy;. ^05 Gs;spfs;&
(c)(i) d [ A] ^10 Gs;spfs;&
dt
(ii) −
1 d [ A]
3 dt
^10 Gs;spfs;&
−1
d A
(d) 0.18 mol L × 1 = − 1 [ ] ^10 Gs;spfs;&
3 dt
1
0.18 mol L−1
×
A3 B Njhd;Wk; tPjk; =
3
(60 × 60) min
(60 × 60) min
3
= 1.66 × 10 mol L min
(e) Cf;fpfs;> ntg;gepiyia mjpfupj;jy; $ntg;gNkw;wy;^05 Gs;spfs;&
−6
(iii) (a), (b)
80 ˚C
60 ˚C
30 ˚C
−1
−1
ntg;gepiy˚C
jputk;
jpz;k-jputk;
jpz;kk;
Neuk; (t)
^30 Gs;spfs;&
(c) jpz;k A3 B - Fiwthd ngWkhdk;
jpz;k - jput A3 B - G+r;rpag; ngWkhdk;
jput A3 B - cau;thd ngWkhdk;
^15 Gs;spfs;&
^nkhj;jg; Gs;spfs; 100&
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s njhopDl;gtpaYf;fhd tpQ;Qhd khjpup tpdhf;fspd;
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
4
03'
^⁄& cl;lhilfs;/ cs; jhilfs;
^⁄⁄& ^a&
0.4 mm ^b&
fopj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.
^⁄⁄⁄&
(14.5 +14.3+14.4) − 0.4
3
^⁄¤&
^a&
^b&
^¤&
^¤⁄&
^10 Gs;spfs;&
gpd;d tO =
,opT mstPL 0.1 mm
=
= 0.03 3.2 mm
mstPL
^10 Gs;spfs;&
rjtPj tO
= 0.03×100 = 3 % ^10 Gs;spfs;&
Ez;khdpj; jpUFf; fzpr;rp
^mjd; rjtPj tO =
= 14.0 mm
^05 Gs;spfs;&
^05 Gs;spfs;&
^05 Gs;spfs;&
0.01
×100 = 0.3 % 3.2
2
⎧
⎛ d ⎞ ⎫
V = ⎨a 2 − π ⎜ ⎟ ⎬ t ⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎭
⎩
^¤⁄⁄& ^a&
^b&
^c&
jpzpT Kj;Jyhj; juhR$ ,yj;jpudpay; juhR
x
ρ=
⎛ 2 π d 2 ⎞ ⎜ a −
⎟ t
4 ⎠
⎝
^10 Gs;spfs;&
^15 Gs;spfs;&
^05 Gs;spfs;&
^05 Gs;spfs;&
^10 Gs;spfs;&
^¤⁄⁄⁄& cNyhfj;Jz;Lld;> mlu;j;jp Fiwthd NtW cNyhfnkhd;W fye;jpUj;jy;$
cNyhfj;Jz;L nghs;shf ,Uj;jy;/ cNyhfj;Jz;by; Fopfs; ,Uj;jy;
^10 Gs;spfs;&
^nkhj;jg; Gs;spfs; 100&
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s njhopDl;gtpaYf;fhd tpQ;Qhd khjpup tpdhf;fspd;
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
T
04'^a&^i&
P
T
Q
5
T
T
30° R
30°
←⎯
⎯ Gs;sp toq;Ftjw;Fg;
^10 Gs;spfs;&
NghJkhdJ
mg
^ii&
jPuhe;jpapd; epiw = 5000N
rkepiyahff; fhzg;gLtjhy; BC tlj;jpd; ,Otpir = 5000N
^10 Gs;spfs;&
^iii& PQR tlj;jpd; ,Otpir T Mapd;
2T cos60 = 5000N
T = 5000 N ^15 Gs;spfs;&
^b&^i&
^ii&
YY ʹ′ ^10 Gs;spfs;&
T ʹ′ Mapd; YY ʹ′ mr;irg; gw;wpa jpUg;gj;ijf; fUJtjhy; 5
T ʹ′ ×10 + 20000 × 5 = 2 ×10 × 2.5
cr;r ,Otpir
T =
5 ×10 5 −10 5
= 40000 N 10
^15 Gs;spfs;&
^iii& J}f;fj;jf;f cr;r jPuhe;jpfspd; vz;zpf;if n Mapd;>
5000 × n = 40000
n = 8 ^10 Gs;spfs;&
^iv&
Nkhl;lhu; thfdj;jpd; cWjpepiyiag; NgZjy; my;yJ
lau;fspd; kPJ mjpf mKf;fk; gpuNahfpf;fg;gLtijj; jtpu;j;jy; my;yJ>
thfdk;> epyj;Jld; ,ize;J fhzg;gLk; jhq;fpapd; mbg;gFjpapidg; ngupjhf;Fjy;
^05 Gs;spfs;&
= 2000 ×10 × 4 = 80 kJ ^c&^i&
Nkhl;lhu; thfdk; ngWk; mOj;jr;rf;jp
ghue;J}f;fp (Crane) nra;aNtz;ba Ntiy = 80 kJ ^10 Gs;spfs;&
^ii&
fg;gpapd; Row;rpf;F vjpuhf Vw;gLk; cuha;T KWf;fj;Jf;F vjpuhf Ntiy
nra;tjw;Fk;> ntg;gkhfTk; rf;jp tpuakhFk;. ^05 Gs;spfs;&
^iii& KWf;fk; } tlj;jpd; ,Otpir ‹ cUisapd; Miu (Fr = mgr)
= 2000 ×10 × 0.5
= 10000 Nm ^10 Gs;spfs;&
^nkhj;jg; Gs;spfs; 100&
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s njhopDl;gtpaYf;fhd tpQ;Qhd khjpup tpdhf;fspd;
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
6
B gFjp - fl;Liu
05' ^⁄& Mfhuk; = 35 Gs;spj;njhlu; - VWtupirg;gb
10, 15, 20, 35, 35, 40, 50, 60, 65, 70
,ilak;
=
35+ 40
2
,ilak;
=
37.5
= 10 + 15 + 20 + 35 + 35 + 40 + 50 + 60 + 65 + 70
,il
10
= 400
10
= 40
^⁄⁄&
Kjyhk; fhyizapd; mikT
=
11
4
=
2.75
= =
15 +
=
=
,uz;lhk; fhyiz Q2
=
^05 Gs;spfs;&
^05 Gs;spfs;&
3
(20 −15)
4
15 + 3.75
18.75 =
,uz;lhk; fhyizapd; mikT=
^05 Gs;spfs;&
n +1
4
=
Kjyhk; fhyiz Q1
^05 Gs;spfs;&
^10 Gs;spfs;&
n +1
2
11
2 5.5 35 +
^05 Gs;spfs;&
1
(40 − 35)
2
=
35 + 2.5
=
37.5 ^10 Gs;spfs;&
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s njhopDl;gtpaYf;fhd tpQ;Qhd khjpup tpdhf;fspd;
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
7
%d;whk; fhyizapd; mikT
=
=
3 (n +1)
4
3
×11 4
=8.25 ^05 Gs;spfs;&
1
%d;whk; fhyiz Q3
=
60 + (65 − 60)
4
=60 +1.25
=61.25 ^10 Gs;spfs;&
Q3 - Q1
61.25 −18.75
=
42.50 =
^15 Gs;spfs;&
^⁄⁄⁄&
fhyiz ,iltPr;R
=
^⁄¤& xt;nthU Gs;spAlDk; x Gs;sp $l;Lg;gl;l gpd; Gs;spg; guk;gy;
10 + x, 15 + x, 20 +x, 35 + x, 35 + x, 40 + x, 50 + x, 60 + x, 65 + x, 70 + x
Q1 ,d; mikT 2.75 MFk; ,lk;
3
Q1 = 15 + x + (20 + x −15 − x)
4
=
15 + x + 3.75
=
Q2 ,d; mikT 5.5 MFk; ,lk;
Q2 = =
=
Q3 ,d; mikT 8.25 MFk; ,lk;
Q3 =
18.75 + x ^10 Gs;spfs;&
1
(40 + x/ − 35 − x/ )
2
35 + x + 2.5
37.5 + x ^10 Gs;spfs;&
=
60 + x +1.25
=
61.25 + x fhyiz ,iltPr;R
=
=
35 + x +
60 + x +
1
(65 + x/ − 60 − x/ ) 4
^10 Gs;spfs;&
61.25 + x − (18.75 + x)
42.50 ^10 Gs;spfs;&
∴ xt;nthU Gs;spAlDk; x Gs;spfs; $l;lg;gl;l NghjpYk; fhyiz ,iltPr;R NtWgLtjpy;iy.
^10 Gs;spfs;&
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s njhopDl;gtpaYf;fhd tpQ;Qhd khjpup tpdhf;fspd;
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
8
(v) khw;wyhk;.
xt;nthU Gs;spAlDk; x Gs;spfisf; $l;ba gpd; ruhrupg; ngWkhdk; = 40 + x (10 + x) + (15 + x) + (20 + x) + (35 + x) + (40 + x) + (50 + x) + (60 + x) + (65 + x) + (70 + x)
10
∴ vy;yhg; Gs;spfSld; x Gs;spiaf; $l;Ltjhy;> ,ilAld; x Gs;spfs; NrUk;.
fhyiz ,iltPr;R NtWglhjthWk; ,il 50 MFkhWk; Gs;spg;guk;giy khw;Wtjw;fhf
xt;nthU Gs;spAlDk; 10 Gs;sp $l;Ljy; Ntz;Lk;.
^25 Gs;spfs;&
^nkhj;jg; Gs;spfs; 150&
06' ^⁄& r MiuAs;s %ba Nfhstbtj; njhl;bapd; Nkw;gug;gsT
mbapd; Miu r ck; cauk; r ck; cs;s Neupa tl;l
MiuAs;s %ba cUis tbtj; njhl;bapd; Nkw;gug;gsT =
4πr2
=
=
=
2πr . r + 2πr2
2πr2 + 2πr2
4πr2..............................②
..............................
①
^1& } ^2& } 4πr2
r MiuAs;s %ba Nfhstbtj; njhl;bapd; Nkw;gug;gsT> mbapd; Miu r ck; cauk; r ck; cs;s
^30 Gs;spfs;&
Neupa tl;l mbAs;s cUis tbtj;njhl;bapd; Nkw;gug;gsTf;Fr; rkdhdJ.
^⁄⁄& r MiuAs;s %ba Nfhstbtj; njhl;bapd; nfhs;ssT
mbapd; Miu r cs;s> r caukhd Neupa %ba cUis
tbtj; njhl;bapd; nfhs;ssT =
4π r3
3
=
πr2 Ÿ r
=
πr3
vdpDk;
^20 Gs;spfs;&
4π r3
> πr3 Mjyhy; ∴ Nfhs tbtj; njhl;b $Ljyhd nfhs;ssitf; nfhz;lJ.
3
^⁄⁄⁄&A, B, C ,dJ Ms; $Wfs;
A ≡ (0, 0) " B ≡ (20, 0) , C ≡ 10,10 3 MFk;.
(
2
AB 2 = (0 − 20)
AB 2 = 400
AB = 20 m 2
BC 2 = (20 −10) + 0 −10 3
BC 2 = 10 2
(
+ (10 3)
2
)
2
R
W
V
20
m
BC 2 = 100 + 300
C
BC 2 = 400
BC = 20 m 2
Z
2
S
AC 2 = (0 −10) + 0 −10 3
2
(
)
2
)
AC 2 = 100 + 300
AC 2 = 400
AC = 20 m
AB = BC = AC = 20 m MFk;.
A
P
20 m
T
∴ A, B, C rkgf;f Kf;Nfhzpapd; cr;rpfs; kPJ mikAk;.
m
(
AC = 10 + 10 3
2
20
(a)
)
B
U
Q
^50 Gs;spfs;&
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s njhopDl;gtpaYf;fhd tpQ;Qhd khjpup tpdhf;fspd;
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
9
(b) PAT, PSA Kf;Nfhz Kf;Nfhzpfs; ,uz;ilAk; fUJNthk;.
PŜA = PT̂A = 90˚ ^juT&
SA = AT = 20 m ^juT&
PA nghJthdJ.
∴ PAT ∆ ≡ PAS ∆ MFk;.
∴ SP̂A = AP̂T
RP̂Q = 60˚ Mifahy; SP̂A = AP̂T = 30˚ MFk;.
∴ PÂT = 60˚
PAT Kf;Nfhzpapy; tan 60˚ =
mt;thwhfNt
PT
AT
PT = AT tan 60˚
PT = AT 3
QU = QZ = RV = RW = PS = 20 3 vdf; fhl;lyhk;.
ghJfhg;G Ntypapd; xUgf;f ePsk; PQ = PT + TU +UQ
=20 3 + 20 + 20 3
= 20 + 40 3 m
(
)
PQR Kf;Nfhzpapd; %d;Wgf;f ePsk; = PQ + QR + RP
=
PQR Kf;Nfhzpapd; %d;Wgf;fq;fspd; ePsk;
=
PQ = QR = RP Mifahy;
3 20 + 40 3 m (
= 60 +120
(
)
3) m
=(60 +120 ×1.7) m
=(60 + 204) m
PQR Kf;Nfhzpapdhy; fhl;lg;gLk; ghJfhg;G
Ntypapd; ePsk;=264 m MFk;.
^50 Gs;spfs;&
^nkhj;jg; Gs;spfs; 150&
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s njhopDl;gtpaYf;fhd tpQ;Qhd khjpup tpdhf;fspd;
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
10
C gFjp - fl;Liu
07' (a)(i)
(ii)
(iii)
jhtuq;fspYk; tpyq;FfspYk; epfOk; Rthrk;
fhgd; mlq;fpAs;s Nru;itfspd; capupaw; gpupif
^10 Gs;spfs;&
Nrjdg; nghUs;fspd; fhw;wpd;wpa Rthrj;jpdhy;
^05 Gs;spfs;&
nkNjd; (- fhy;eil tsu;g;G fhuzkhf ,iu kPl;Lk; gz;iz tpyq;Ffspd;
,iug;igapy; epfOk; fhw;wpd;wpa Rthrk; fhuzkhf ^10 Gs;spfs;&
(iv) Gtpapd; ntg;gk; cau;jy;$fhyepiy khw;wq;fs; epfOjy;.
^05 Gs;spfs;&
(v) #upaf; fjpu;fisAk; nkNjd;> fhgdPnuhl;irl;L Mfpa thAf;fisAk; Gtp Nkw;gug;gpdhy;
cwpQ;rp ntspapLk; nrq;fPo;f; fjpu;fs; fhuzkhf Gtpapd; rf;jpr; rkepiy khw;wkiltjhy;
(,lk; khWjy;) ntg;gepiy cau;jy;.
^20 Gs;spfs;&
(b)
(i)
O2
fopA+jhf;fjpu;fs;
O2 + O˚
O3
20˚
^hν)
O3
fopA+jhf;fjpu;fs;
^hν)
O2 + 0˚
^10 Gs;spfs;&
(ii)FNshNuhGNshNuh fhgd; ^CFC&
^05 Gs;spfs;&
Cl
(iii)
F
F
^hν)
F
Cl
C
Cl˚ + O3
O3
^hν)
O˚ + ClO˚
C˚
F
Cl
ClO˚ + O2
O2 + O˚
O2 + Cl˚
^20 Gs;spfs;&
(iv)IjNuh GNshNuh fhgd; ^HFC& my;yJ
÷HFC apy; FNshuPd; mZf;fs; ,y;iyahjyhy; HFC fopA+jhf; fjpu;fspd; Kd;dpiyapy;
gpupifaile;J FNshuPd; %ypfq;fisj; Njhw;Wtpg;gjpy;iy.
÷NkYk;> HFC tspkz;lyj;jpd; Nkw;gFjpf;Fr; nry;y Kd;du; gpupifailAk;. vdNt XNrhd;
glyk; fhzg;gLk; tspkz;lyj;jpy; Nkw;gilfisr; nrd;wiltJ ,opthFk;/ FiwtilAk;.
IjNuh FNshNuh GNshNuh fhgd; ^HCFC&
HCFC apy; cs;s C - H gpizg;G tspkz;lyj;jpd; fPo; gilfspy; gpupifailtjhy; HCFC
tspkz;ly Nkw;gFjpia miltJ ,opthFk;.
^20 Gs;spfs;&
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s njhopDl;gtpaYf;fhd tpQ;Qhd khjpup tpdhf;fspd;
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
11
(c) (i) xl;rprd; Nfs;tpia mjpfupf;Fk; Nrjdr; Nru;itfs;
tptrhak;> czT gjg;gLj;jy;> efu;Gwj; jpz;kf; fopTfs; Nghd;w jpz;kf; fopTg; nghUs;fs;
ePUld; Nru;tjhy;
^10 Gs;spfs;&
(ii) xl;rprd; Nfs;tpia mjpfupf;Fk; Nrjdr; Nru;itfis mfw;wg;gLjy;.
capupurhadj; jhf;fj;jpy; Fwpj;j Nrjdg; nghUs;fisr; rpwg;G epge;jidfspd; fPo;> mjhtJ
NjitahdsT fhw;W}l;lk; toq;Ftjd; %yk; Ez;zq;fpfspdhy; gpuptilar; nra;jy;.
ghu cNyhfq;fis ePf;Fjy; :
,jw;fhf Gwg;gpurhzk;> kpd; nghrpT Mfpa Kiwfisf; ifahsyhk;. Gwg;gpurhuzj;jpd;NghJ
ePiu khj;jpuk; CLGftplj;jf;f gq;F CLGftpLk; nkd;rt;nthd;wpd; Clhf mKf;fj;jpd; fPo;>
ePiur; nrYj;Jtjd; %yk; ghu cNyhfq;fs; mw;w J}a ePiug; ngwyhk;.
kpd; nghrpT tbg;gpd;NghJ mOj;j tpj;jpahrnkhd;Wf;F ,ilNa fw;wad;fSf;Fk; mad;fSf;Fk;
khj;jpuk; CLGftpLk; jd;ikAs;s nkd;rt;tpd; %yk; mad;fisr; nry;y tpLtjd; %yk;
Rj;jkhd ePu; ngwg;gLk;.
mdad;fis
CLGftpLk;
nkd;rt;T
J}a ePu;
+
+
+
+
mdad;
mirT
+
-
+
-
+
-
fopT ePu;
-
fw;wad;fis
CLGftpLk;
nkd;rt;T
-
fw;wad;
mirT
^15 Gs;spfs;&
(iii) fopTg;nghUs;fis mg;Gwg;gLj;Jk;NghJ nghUs;fis Ntwhf;fp ntspNaw;WjyhdJ> Nkw;gb
nghUspd; ePUld; Nru;tij ,opthf;Ftjw;F kpfTk; rpwe;j KiwahFk;.
vspjpy; gpupe;jopAk; nghUs;fis Ntwhf;fp> mtw;iwr; Nrjdg; gris my;yJ capu;thA
cw;gj;jpf;Fg; gad;gLj;jy;.
ghu cNyhfq;fs; mlq;fpAs;sjhff; fUjg;gLk; fopTg; nghUs;fis ntt;Ntwhfr; Nrfupj;J
kPs; Row;rpg;gLj;jy;> ,y;iyNay;> nghUj;jkhd tpjj;Jiug;Gf;fspd;gb mg;Gwg;gLj;Jjy;.
÷kPz;Lk; cw;gj;jpahsuplk; xg;gilj;jy;.
ePu; Kjy;fSld; Nru;tJ jtpu;f;fg;gLk; tifapy; ntspNaw;Wjy;.
^20 Gs;spfs;&
^nkhj;jg; Gs;spfs; 150&
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s njhopDl;gtpaYf;fhd tpQ;Qhd khjpup tpdhf;fspd;
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
08' (A) a) (i)
M1
M2
M3
M4
M5
12
}
}
}
}
}
#lhd <ur; rtu;f;fhuk;
fpsprNuhy; mlf;fk; Fiwthd rtu;f;fhuk;
cg;G ePf;fg;gl;l rtu;f;fhuk;
rpj;jpupf; fkpyk;
cyu; rtu;f;fhuk;
^2 Ÿ 5 } 10 Gs;spfs;&
(ii) jhtu vz;nza; KidTj; jd;ikaw;wjhifahy; NaOH ePu;f;fiurY}lhf fyf;fhJ
,UNtW mtj;ijfs; Ntwhfpf; fhzg;gLk;. vdNt ,ilKfg;G Nkw;gug;gsit mjpfupg;gjd;
%yk; jhf;fk; epfOk; rhj;jpag;ghl;il mjpfupf;fyhk;. Jupjkhff; fyf;Ftjhy; ,e;j
,uz;L mtj;ijfSf;Fk; ,ilNa Nkw;gug;gsit mjpfupj;Jf; nfhs;syhk;. vdNt
rtu;f;fhukhf;fy; jhf;fj;ijj; Jupjg;gLj;jpf; nfhs;syhk;. xl;Lnkhj;j jhf;ff; fyitapy;
rtu;f;fhukhf;fy; jhf;fk; xUrPuhf epfo tha;g;gspf;fyhk;.
^4 Ÿ 5 } 20 Gs;spfs;&
(iii) P1 } rtu;f;fhukhf;fy;
P2 } #lhd <ur;rtu;f;fhuj;ijg; gk;gtjd; %yk; mg;Gwg;gLj;jy;
P3 } ikaePf;fk;
P4 } #lhd <ur;rtu;f;fhuj;ij ntw;wplg;gLj;jy;
^5 Ÿ 4 } 20 Gs;spfs;&
b) (i) Njapiy $ Nfhg;gp
^10 Gs;spfs;&
(ii)(a) #lhd X fiurYld; Y fiug;ghidr; Nru;g;gjhy; Y fiug;ghd; Mtpahfpr; nry;y
,lKz;L. vdNt X fiury; miwntg;gepiy tiu Fspu;r;rpaile;j gpd;du; Y
(b)
(c)
Nru;f;fg;gLk;.
fNgd; gpupj;njLg;gpd; tpidj;jpwid mjpfupg;gjw;fhf Y fiug;ghd; gFjp gFjpahf
,lg;gLk;.
Ntfkhff; fyf;fpathW Nru;g;gjhy; Fok;G cUthFk;. Fok;G Njhd;wpagpd;
Nrjdg;giliaAk; ePu;g;giliaAk; gpupg;gJ ,yFthdJ.
^10 Ÿ 3 } 30 Gs;spfs;&
(iii) •
•
fiug;ghdpd; nfhjpepiy Fiwthdjhf ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.
KidTr;
Nru;itfs;>
KidTf;
fiug;ghd;fspy;
fiutjhy;
fiug;ghdpd;
Kidthf;fj;ij ftdj;jpy; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. "Like disolve Like"
•
fiug;ghdpd; fNgd; fiujy; Ntz;Lk;. vdpDk; fiug;ghDf;Fk; fNgd; ,w;Fk;
,ilNa jhf;fk; NkYk; epfOjyhfhJ.
^5 Ÿ 3 } 15 Gs;spfs;&
(iv) ilf;FNshNuhnkNjd;.
^05 Gs;spfs;&
(v) ePuw;w MgSO4 / ePuw;w CaCl2
^05 Gs;spfs;&
(vi) kPs;gspq;fhjy;$gjq;fkhjy;
^05 Gs;spfs;&
(vii)•
•
(viii)•
•
•
Fspu;thd cw;gj;jp$rf;jp jUk; ghdtif cw;gj;jp
kUe;J cw;gj;jpfs;
^5 Ÿ2 } 10 Gs;spfs;&
Kjyhd mDNrgpfs; - mq;fpnahd;wpd; ,Ug;G> tsu;r;rp> tpUj;jp> ,dg;ngUf;fk;
Mfpatw;wpy; Neubahfj; njhlu;GWtNjhL> Jizahd mDNrgpfs; Nkw;gb
njhopw;ghLfspy; Neubahfj; njhlu;GWtjpy;iy.
Kjyhd mDNrgpfs; vy;yh mq;fpfspYk; cw;gj;jpahFk;. vdpDk; Jizahd mDNrgpfs; tiuaiwg;gl;l rpy mq;fpfspy; khj;jpuNk cw;gj;jpahFk;.
Jizahd mDNrgpfs;> tsu;r;rpapy; Kjpu;r;rpf;F mz;kpj;j fhyj;jpy; my;yJ mjd;
,Wjpapy; cw;gj;jpahFk;.
^10 Ÿ 2 } 20 Gs;spfs;&
^nkhj;jg; Gs;spfs; 150&
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s njhopDl;gtpaYf;fhd tpQ;Qhd khjpup tpdhf;fspd;
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
13
D gFjp - fl;Liu
9'^a&^i&
1 m 3 ,dJ jpzpT 1000 l ,dJ jpzpT 1.4 l ,dJ jpzpT = 1000 kg
= 1000 kg
= 1.4 kg
Q
= mcθ
^ii&
xU epkplj;Jf;F ntg;gk;= 1.4 × 4200 ×10
8 epkplj;Jf;F ntg;gk; = 1.4 × 4200 ×10 × 8
yJ 470.4 kJ
= 4.7 ×10 5 J my;
fyda
^iii& ntg;gk; = tY × Neuk;
= P × t
= 1000 W × 8 × 60 s
= 4.8 ×10 5 J = 480 kJ
^iv&
8 epkplj;jpy; ,of;fg;gLk; rf;jp
^10 Gs;spfs;&
^20 Gs;spfs;&
^15 Gs;spfs;&
= (480 − 470.4) kJ = 9.6 kJ
rf;jp ,og;G tPjk; = 0.096 ×10 5 = 20 W = 1200 J min −1 60 × 8
^25 Gs;spfs;&
^b&^i&
g];fhy; Nfhl;ghL
%ba ghj;jpunkhd;wpd; Xa;tpy; cs;s gha;knkhd;wpd; Nkw;gug;G kPJ mKf;fk;
gpuNahfpf;fg;gLk;NghJ> mJ gha;kj;jpd; vy;yhg; gFjpfSf;Fk;>
Rtu;fspYk; Fiwtpd;wp CLflj;jg;gLk;. ghj;jpuj;jpy;
^10 Gs;spfs;&
Q
P
^10 Gs;spfs;&
^ii&
^iii& A Ig; gw;wpa jpUg;gj;ijf; fUJtjhy;.
Fy × 5 = 100 ×100 cm
Fy = 2000 N
^iv&
Py =
2000
= 10 7 Pa −4
2 ×10
^15 Gs;spfs;&
^10 Gs;spfs;&
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s njhopDl;gtpaYf;fhd tpQ;Qhd khjpup tpdhf;fspd;
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
14
^v&
g];fhypd; Nfhl;ghl;bd;gb X ,d; kPJ PX = 10 7 Pa
∴ X kPJ tpir Nky;Nehf;fp ↑ 10 7 × 20 ×10 −4 = 20000 N ↑ ^15 Gs;spfs;&
^vi& Y MLjz;L 10 cm fPo;Nehf;fp nry;Yk;NghJ ,lk;ngau;e;j jputf; fdtsT
= (10 × 2) cm 3 = 20 cm 3
∴ X MLjz;L cs;s cUisapd; NkNynry;Yk; jputf; fdtsT = 20 cm3
∴ nek;GNfhiy xU jlit jho;j;Jtjhy; X MLjz;L
3
NkNy nry;Yk; msT = 20 cm2 = 1 cm
20 cm
vdNt X MLjz;il 10 cm cau;j;Jtjw;fhf
nek;GNfhiy
10 jlitfs;
fPo;Nehf;fpj; js;Sjy; Ntz;Lk;.
^20 Gs;spfs;&
^nkhj;jg; Gs;spfs; 150&
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s njhopDl;gtpaYf;fhd tpQ;Qhd khjpup tpdhf;fspd;
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
15
10'^a&^i&
,io kpd; tpsf;fpd; Clhf 4V mOj;j tpj;;jpahrj;ij toq;Fk;NghJ mjd; %yk;
Efug;gLk; tY 2W MFk;. ^05 Gs;spfs;&
P=
^ii&
V2
R
^b&^i&
8Ω
6V
^ii&
^iii&
16 Ω
}
}
V1
^10 Gs;spfs;&
6
×16 = 4 V 24
V2 =
6
×8 = 2 V
24
16 Ω ,w;F Clhf 4 V, 8 Ω ,w;F Clhf 2 V ^05 Gs;spfs;&
^05 Gs;spfs;&
8Ω
6V
^05 Gs;spfs;&
V2
V1 =
(c)(i)
(ii)
V 2 16
=
= 8 Ω P
2
R=
16 Ω
L
^10 Gs;spfs;&
kpd; tpsf;if xspur; nra;tjw;fhf 16 Ω jilapapd; Clhf 4 V Nthy;w;wsT Njit.
kpd;tpsf;ifj; njhLj;jTld; fpilf;Fk; 2 V mt; tpsf;if xspur; nra;tjw;Fg;
NghJkhdjy;y.
^10 Gs;spfs;&
(iii)
kpd;tpsf;ifj; njhLj;jTld; 8 Ω jilapapw;F Clhf Nthy;w;wsT 4 Ω MFk;.
kpd;tpsf;F> 16 Ω jilap Mfpatw;Wf;F Clhf rktYj;jil R Mapd;>
4
2
=
R
8
R = 4Ω
,ioapd; jil Rʹ′ Mapd;>
1 1 1
= +
R
Rʹ′ 16
1 1 1
= −
Rʹ′ R 16
=
1 1
3
−
=
4 16
16
ʹ′
R = 5.33 Ω ^20 Gs;spfs;&
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s njhopDl;gtpaYf;fhd tpQ;Qhd khjpup tpdhf;fspd;
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
(iv)
16
kpd;tpsf;F xspUk;NghJ ,ioapd; ntg;gepiy caUk;. vdNt> jil mjpfupf;Fk;.
tpsf;F xspuhjNghJ ntg;gepiy> Fiwthd ngWkhdkhjyhy;> ,ioapd; jilAk;
Fiwthd ngWkhdj;ijg; ngWk;. ^10 Gs;spfs;&
(d)(i) P = VI
3
50 ×10 = 1000 I
I = 50 A ^10 Gs;spfs;&
(ii)
xU kPw;wu; ePsj;jpd; jil
CLflj;jy; topapd; nkhj;j ePsk;
∴ nkhj;jj; jil
= 0.04 Ω
=
100 m
=
100 × 0.04 = 4 Ω
(iii)
E
^15 Gs;spfs;&
2Ω
R
1000 V
50 kW
2Ω
njhopw;rhiyapd; Rw;wpd; jil R Mapd;>
R=
V2
10 6
=
= 20 Ω
P 50 ×10 3
kpd; gpwg;ghf;fpapd; KidfSf;F Clhf mOj;j tpj;jpahrk; E = I (4+20)
E = 50 × 24 = 1200 V
(iv)
tlq;fspd; nkhj;jj;jil
^10 Gs;spfs;&
= 4Ω
P = I R = 50 × 4 = 10 kW 2
2
^10 Gs;spfs;&
tY ,og;G
(v)
gpwg;ghf;fpapd; KidfSf;F Clhf mOj;j tpj;jpahrk; =
Rw;wpd; Clhfg;ghAk; Xl;lk;
gpwg;ghf;fpapd; %yk; gpwg;gpf;fg;gLk; tY
(vi)
xU ehspy; EfUk; rf;jp
= 50 A 1200 V
= 1200 × 50 = 60 kW
^10 Gs;spfs;&
= 50 kW × 24 h =
1200 kWh ∴ xU ehspy; nryT nra;Ak; gzk; = 1200 × &.
re. 20
= &.
re. 24 000
^15 Gs;spfs;&
^nkhj;jg; Gs;spfs; 150&
***
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s njhopDl;gtpaYf;fhd tpQ;Qhd khjpup tpdhf;fspd;
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b