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ISSN 0386-4049
TECHNICAL REPORTS OF THE METEOROLOGICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE No. 51
Highly developed precise analysis of atmospheric and
oceanic sulfur hexafluoride (SF6)
and evaluation of SF6 standard gas stability
BY
Takayuki Tokieda, Masao Ishii, Shu Saito and Takashi Midorikawa
Geochemical Research Department
᳇⽎⎇ⓥᚲᛛⴚႎ๔
╙ 51 ภ
ᄢ᳇߅ࠃ߮ᶏ᳓ਛߩ⿥ᓸ㊂౐ࡈ࠶ൻ⎫㤛(SF6)ߩ᷹ቯᚻᴺߩ㜞ᐲൻ
ߣ
SF6 ᮡḰࠟࠬߩ㐳ᦼ቟ቯᕈߩ⹏ଔ
ᤨᨑ㓉ਯ‫ޔ‬⍹੗㓷↵‫ޔ‬ᢧ⮮ ⑲‫✛ޔ‬Ꮉ ⾆
㧔࿾⃿ൻቇ⎇ⓥㇱ㧕
᳇⽎⎇ⓥᚲ
METEOROLOGICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE, JAPAN
December 2007
߅߽ߡ⴫⚕ⵣ㕙
METEOROLOGICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Established in 1946
Director-General: Mr. Manabu Komiya
Forecast Research Department
Climate Research Department
Typhoon Research Department
Physical Meteorology Research Department
Atmospheric Environment and
Applied Meteorology Research Department
Meteorological Satellite and
Observation System Research Department
Seismology and Volcanology Research Department
Oceanographic Research Department
Geochemical Research Department
Director: Dr. Masato Sugi
Director: Dr. Akio Kitoh
Director: Mr. Masaaki Togashi
Director: Mr. Tadashi Aso
Director: Dr. Hiroatsu Maki
Director: Mr. Yozo Takayama
Director: Mr. Shigeo Mori
Director: Dr. Hiroshi Ishizaki
Director: Dr. Katsumi Hirose
1-1 Nagamine, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0052 Japan
TECHNICAL REPORTS OF THE METEOROLOGICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Editor-in-chief:
Editors:
Yozo Takayama
Masahiro Hara
Yuhji Kuroda
Shigenori Haginoya
Hiroaki Naoe
Takeyasu Yamamoto
Yosuke Fujii
Managing Editors: Takanori Mizuno, Toshiyuki Sakurai
Akihiko Murata
Yuzo Mano
Masao Ishii
The Technical Reports of the Meteorological Research Institute has been issued at irregular intervals by the Meteorological
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the MRI, provided that the source is acknowledged.
Highly developed precise analysis of atmospheric and oceanic sulfur hexafluoride (SF6)
and evaluation of SF6 standard gas stability
BY
Takayuki Tokieda, Masao Ishii, Shu Saito and Takashi Midorikawa
Geochemical Research Department
ᄢ᳇߅ࠃ߮ᶏ᳓ਛߩ⿥ᓸ㊂౐ࡈ࠶ൻ⎫㤛(SF6)ߩ᷹ቯᚻᴺߩ㜞ᐲൻ
ߣ
SF6 ᮡḰࠟࠬߩ㐳ᦼ቟ቯᕈߩ⹏ଔ
ᤨᨑ㓉ਯ‫ޔ‬⍹੗㓷↵‫ޔ‬ᢧ⮮ ⑲‫✛ޔ‬Ꮉ ⾆
㧔࿾⃿ൻቇ⎇ⓥㇱ㧕
Ꮞ 㗡 ⸒
18 ਎♿ߦ࡛࡯ࡠ࠶ࡄߢ↥ᬺ㕟๮߇⿠߈ߡએ᧪‫↥ޔ‬ᬺᵴേߩᵴ⊒ൻߦ઻߁ൻ⍹Άᢱᶖ⾌ߩჇᄢߦࠃߞߡ‫ޔ‬ᄢ᳇
ਛߢߪੑ㉄ൻ὇⚛╬ߩ᷷ቶലᨐ᳇૕ߩỚᐲ߇Ⴧടߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔߦ․ޕ‬20 ਎♿ߩᓟඨߦߥࠆߣ‫ޔ‬᷷ቶലᨐ᳇૕ߩỚ
ᐲ਄᣹߇ỗൻߔࠆߣߣ߽ߦ‫ࡦࡏ࡯ࠞࡠࡂޔ‬㘃ߩ⊒᣿ߣ૶↪ߦࠃߞߡ‫ޔ‬ᣂߚߦߘࠇࠄߩỚᐲ਄᣹߽ടࠊߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
ߎࠇࠄߩᓸ㊂᳇૕ߩỚᐲჇട߆ࠄ੍ᗐߐࠇࠆ࿾⃿ߩ᷷ᥦൻ߿ࠝ࠱ࡦጀߩ⎕უߪ‫ޔ‬᳓ᓴⅣߩᄌൻࠍ઻߁᳇୥ᄌൻ߿
ᶏ㕙᳓૏ߩ਄᣹‫⚿ߩߘޔ‬ᨐߣߒߡ㒽਄࡮ᶏᵗߩ↢ᘒ♽߳ߩᓇ㗀ߥߤࠍㅢߓߡ‫ੱޔ‬㘃ߩ↢ሽၮ⋚ࠍំࠆ߇ߒ‫ޔ‬࿖㓙
␠ળߩ቟ቯࠍ៊ߥ߁ᄢ߈ߥ໧㗴ߣ ᔨߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫⁁ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬ᴫߩਅߢ‫ޔ‬᷷ቶലᨐ᳇૕ߩಽᏓߣᄌേ߿‫↢ޔ‬ᘒ♽
ߩ᜼േߦ㑐ࠊࠆ‛⾰ᓴⅣߩ⎇ⓥߪ‫ޔ‬᳇୥ᄌേ࡮࿾⃿ⅣႺ໧㗴ߦ㑐ࠊࠆ⻉⃻⽎ࠍ⸃᣿ߒ‫ߩߘޔ‬዁᧪ࠍ੍᷹ߔࠆ਄ߢ‫ޔ‬
߹ߔ߹ߔ㊀ⷐᕈࠍჇߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
᳇⽎⎇ⓥᚲ࿾⃿ൻቇ⎇ⓥㇱߢߪ‫ޔ‬࿾⃿਄ߦ߅ߌࠆ᷷ቶലᨐ᳇૕ߣߘߩ㑐ㅪ‛⾰ࠍߪߓ߼ߣߔࠆൻቇ‛⾰ߩ᷹ቯ
ᚻᴺߩ㐿⊒‫ᤨޔ‬ⓨ㑆ಽᏓߩ᷹ⷰ‫ⷰޔ‬᷹࠺࡯࠲ߩ⸃ᨆᚻᴺߩ㜞ᐲൻߥߤࠍㅢߒߡ‫⾰‛ޔ‬ᓴⅣߦ㑐ߔࠆ↢‛࿾⃿ൻቇ
⊛ߥ⎇ⓥߦᷓߊ⽸₂ߒߡ߈ߚ‫ޕ‬
ᧄᛛⴚႎ๔ߦㅀߴࠆ౐ࡈ࠶ൻ⎫㤛߽‫ߊߏޔ‬ᓸ㊂ߥ߇ࠄߘߩᒝജߥ᷷ቶലᨐߦࠃߞߡ࿾⃿ⅣႺߦᓇ㗀ࠍ෸߷ߔߣ
⠨߃ࠄࠇ‫ޟޔ‬᳇୥ᄌേߦ㑐ߔࠆ࿖ㅪᨒ⚵᧦⚂‫ߡ޿߅ߦޠ‬ឃ಴ⷙ೙ኻ⽎ߣߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧢⒳㘃ߩ᷷ቶലᨐ᳇૕ߩ㧝ߟ
ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ‫࠶ࡈ౐ޔ‬ൻ⎫㤛ߪ‫ޟ‬࿾⃿ൻቇ࠻࡟࡯ࠨ࡯‫ޔߡߒߣޠ‬ᄢ᳇෸߮ᶏᵗߦ߅ߌࠆ‛ℂ⊛ߥᓴⅣ߿ᷙ
วㆊ⒟ࠍ⎇ⓥߔࠆ਄ߢ߽᦭↪ߥ᳇૕ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
ߘߎߢ‫ޔ‬࿾⃿ൻቇ⎇ⓥㇱߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᐔᚑ 16 ᐕᐲ߆ࠄⲢวဳ⚻Ᏹ⎇ⓥ‫ޟ‬ᄢ᳇࡮ᶏᵗ㑆෸߮ᶏᵗ⴫ጀߦ߅ߌࠆ὇㉄♽
ߩቄ▵࡮⚻ᐕᄌേߣߘߩࡔࠞ࠾࠭ࡓߩ⸃᣿ߦ㑐ߔࠆ᷹ⷰ⊛⎇ⓥ‫⑼߮ࠃ߅ޠ‬ቇ⎇ⓥ⾌⵬ഥ㊄⎇ⓥ‫ޟ‬ᶏᵗ CO2 ᄌേ
ߩቯ㊂ൻᛛⴚߩ㜞ᐲൻߦ㑐ߔࠆၮ␆⊛⎇ⓥ‫࠶ࡈ౐ߢߣ߽ߩޠ‬ൻ⎫㤛ߩ᷹ቯᚻᴺߩ㜞ᐲൻߦขࠅ⚵ࠎߢ߈ߚ‫ࡈ౐ޕ‬
࠶ൻ⎫㤛ߩ᷹ቯᚻᴺࠍ㜞ᐲൻߒ‫ޔ‬ᄢ᳇߿ᶏᵗߦ߅ߌࠆಽᏓ߿ᄌേࠍᛠីߔࠆߎߣߪ‫ߩࠄࠇߎޔ‬㕙߆ࠄ㊀ⷐߢ‫ߘޔ‬
ߩ⺞ᩏ࡮⎇ⓥߩផㅴߦᄢ߈ߊነਈߔࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޔߦࠄߐޕ‬᳇⽎ᐡߦ߅ߌࠆᛛⴚ⾗ᢱߣߒߡ‫੹ޔ‬ᓟߩ࿾⃿ⅣႺ
෸߮ᶏᵗ⺞ᩏߦ㑐ߔࠆᬺോߦ߽⽸₂ߢ߈ࠆ߽ߩߣ⠨߃ࠆ‫ ޕ‬
࿾⃿ൻቇ⎇ⓥㇱ㐳 ᐢἑ ൎᏆ
Abstract
Atmospheric concentration of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) has been increasing since the 1960s when it
began being utilized by industries worldwide. Its contribution to global warming has been a growing
concern because of its significant impact as a greenhouse gas and its long lifetime in the atmosphere. In
consequence, SF6 was selected as one of the gases for reduced emissions at the Third Session of the
Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in 1997.
SF6 is also expected to be utilized as a chemical tracer for the circulation and the mixing processes in
the atmosphere and ocean. It is very difficult to measure SF6 in air and seawater due to its extremely low
concentration.
Highly improved analytical systems and sampling techniques have been examined to measure SF6 in
air and seawater with high precision. Consequently, the precision of analysis of standard gas having the
level of atmospheric SF6 concentration was 0.31%, and that for replicate seawater samples with various
SF6 concentrations was usually 0.8%.
In addition, as a result of long-term monitoring for the SF6 standard gas, it became practicable to
supply SF6 standard gas that does not change in concentration for a long period, and the Meteorological
Research Institute SF6 Calibration Scale (MRI SF6 Calibration Scale) was established.
᭎ ⷐ
౐ࡈ࠶ൻ⎫㤛㧔SF6㧕ߪ‫ޔ‬1960 ᐕએ㒠ߩᎿᬺᵴേߦߣ߽ߥߞߡ‫ߩߘޔ‬ᄢ᳇ਛỚᐲ߇ᕆỗߦჇടߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߘޕ‬
ߩᭂ߼ߡᒝജߥ࿾⃿᷷ᥦൻ⢻ߣ‫ޔ‬ᭂ߼ߡ㐳޿ᄢ᳇ਛߢߩኼ๮ߩߚ߼‫ޔ‬዁᧪ߦࠊߚࠆ࿾⃿᷷ᥦൻ߳ߩነਈ߇ ᔨߐ
ࠇߪߓ߼‫ޔ‬1997 ᐕߩ╙㧟࿁᳇୥ᄌേᨒ⚵᧦⚂✦⚿࿖ળ⼏㧔COP3㧕ߦ߅޿ߡ‫ޔ‬ੑ㉄ൻ὇⚛㧔CO2㧕‫ࡦ࠲ࡔޔ‬㧔CH4㧕
‫ޔ‬
৻㉄ൻੑ⓸⚛㧔N2O㧕‫ࡦࡏ࡯ࠞࡠࠝ࡞ࡈࡠ࠼ࠗࡂޔ‬㘃㧔HFCs㧕‫ࡦࡏ࡯ࠞࡠࠝ࡞ࡈ࡯ࡄޔ‬㘃㧔PFCs㧕ߣߣ߽ߦ೥
ᷫኻ⽎‛⾰ߦᜰቯߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬
SF6 ߪ߹ߚ‫ޔ‬ᄢ᳇߿ᶏᵗߩᓴⅣ߿ᷙวㆊ⒟ߩ⎇ⓥߩߚ߼ߩൻቇ࠻࡟࡯ࠨ࡯ߣߒߡߩ೑↪߇ᦼᓙߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᄢ
᳇ਛߩ CO2 ߿ࠢࡠࡠࡈ࡞ࠝࡠࠞ࡯ࡏࡦ㘃㧔CFCs㧕ߥߤߦ↪޿ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ᳇ᩇሽ࿷㊂᷹ቯߩߚ߼ߩశቇ⊛ᚻᴺ߇
SF6 ߦߟ޿ߡ߽㐿⊒ਛߢ޽ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬࿾⃿⑼ቇ⊛⻉ㆊ⒟ࠍࠃࠅ㜞޿♖ᐲߢℂ⸃ߔࠆߚ߼ߦߪ‫ޔ‬㜞ኒᐲߥ᳓ᐔಽᏓߦ޽
ࠊߖߡ㋦⋥ಽᏓ‫ߜࠊߥߔޔ‬ỚᐲಽᏓߩขᓧ߇ᔅⷐߣߥࠆ‫ ߦߊߣޔߚ߹ޕ‬SF6 ߩᶏ᳓ਛߢߩᦨᄢỚᐲߪ⃻࿷‫ޔ‬㧝
fmol/kg㧔10-15mol/kg㧕⒟ᐲߢ޽ࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬amol/kg㧔10-18mol/kg㧕࡟ࡌ࡞ߩ᷹ቯ߇ⷐ᳞ߐࠇ‫ޔ‬ᔅὼ⊛ߦಽ㔌࡮Ớ
❗ߣ㜞ᗵᐲߩᬌ಴ེߩ೑↪߇ਇนᰳߣߥࠆ‫ޕ‬
ᧄ⎇ⓥߢߪ‫ޔ‬ECD ᬌ಴ེࠍ↪޿ߚࠟࠬࠢࡠࡑ࠻ࠣ࡜ࡈಽᨆࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߣᶏ᳓ߩណ᳓ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓࠍ㜞ᐲߦήᳪᨴൻ
ߒ‫ޔ‬㜞♖ᐲߩᄢ᳇෸߮ᶏ᳓ਛߩ SF6 ߩಽᨆࠍ⹜ߺߚ‫⚿ߩߘޕ‬ᨐ‫ޔ‬ᶏ᳓ਛߩ SF6 ߩᬌ಴㒢⇇ࠍ 0.015fmol/kg ߦ߹
ߢૐᷫߐߖࠆߎߣߦᚑഞߒߚ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᄢ᳇Ớᐲ࡟ࡌ࡞ߩᮡḰࠟࠬߩಽᨆࠍ 0.31 %ߩ➅ࠅ㄰ߒ♖ᐲ‫⴫߮ࠃ߅ޔ‬ጀ
ᶏ᳓ߩಽᨆࠍ 0.8r0.5 㧑ߩ➅ࠅ㄰ߒ♖ᐲߢⴕ߁ߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߚ‫ޔߦࠄߐޕ‬᳇⽎⎇ⓥᚲ SF6 ᮡḰࠟࠬ㧔MRI SF6
Calibration Scale㧕ࠍ⏕┙ߔࠆߚ߼㐳ᦼߦࠊߚࠆࡕ࠾࠲࡝ࡦࠣࠍⴕߞߡ߈ߚ⚿ᨐ‫ޔ‬ᮡḰࠟࠬߩ቟ቯᕈ߇⏕⹺ߢ߈‫ޔ‬
ᄢ᳇⹜ᢱ߿ᶏᵗ⹜ᢱ߳ߩᔕ↪߇น⢻ߦߥߞߚ‫ޕ‬
目 次
はじめに
１ ．六 フ ッ 化 硫 黄 ( SF6) に つ い て … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
1
1 - 1 SF6 と は … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
1
1 - 2 温 室 効 果 気 体 と し て の SF6 … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
1
1 - 3 大 気 中 に お け る SF6 … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
1
1-4 海洋における SF6 …………………………………………………………………
2
1-5 地球化学トレーサーとしての SF6 ………………………………………………
2
２．分析方法………………………………………………………………………………
5
2-1 達成目標 ……………………………………………………………………………
5
2-2 分析システムの概要 ………………………………………………………………
5
2-2-1 分離濃縮装置 …………………………………………………………………
5
2-2-2 カラム類 ………………………………………………………………………
7
2-2-3 定容管 …………………………………………………………………………
8
2-2-4 ガスクロマトグラフ …………………………………………………………
9
2-3 試料採取 ……………………………………………………………………………
9
2-3-1 超微量海水溶存気体分析用試料瓶を用いた海水試料の採取 ……………
9
2-3-2 大気試料の採取 ……………………………………………………………… 10
2 - 4 分 析 手 順 … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 11
2 - 4 - 1 分 析 条 件 の 設 定 … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 11
2-4-2 海水試料の分析 ……………………………………………………………… 13
2-4-3 大気および標準ガス試料の分析 …………………………………………… 13
2 - 4 - 4 大 気 お よ び 海 水 中 の SF6 濃 度 の 算 出 … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 1 4
2-5 分析条件の決定 …………………………………………………………………… 15
2-5-1 トラップ保持最大時間の確認 ……………………………………………… 15
2-5-2 脱気時間（トラップ時間）の決定 ………………………………………… 15
2-5-3 バックフラッシュ時間の決定 ……………………………………………… 16
2-6 分析システムの保守・管理 ……………………………………………………… 17
３．標準ガスと標準化…………………………………………………………………… 18
3 - 1 M R I SF6 C a l i b r a t i o n s c a l e … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 1 8
3-2 ワーキングスタンダードガスの検定・管理 …………………………………… 19
3-2-1 １次標準ガスによるワーキングスタンダードガスの検定 ……………… 19
3-2-2 ワーキングスタンダードガス検定値のモニター ………………………… 20
3-2-3 ワーキングスタンダードガスの現場での使用 …………………………… 21
3-2-4 ワーキングスタンダードガスの最終検定 ………………………………… 21
3-2-5 現場データの標準化 ………………………………………………………… 21
3-3 検量線 ……………………………………………………………………………… 21
４．分析システムの性能と観測例……………………………………………………… 23
4-1 分析システムの性能 ……………………………………………………………… 23
4-1-1 繰り返し分析精度 …………………………………………………………… 23
4-1-2 検出限界 ……………………………………………………………………… 24
4-2 観測例 ……………………………………………………………………………… 24
4-2-1 大気試料分析 ………………………………………………………………… 24
4-2-2 海水試料分析 ………………………………………………………………… 24
4-3 最後に ……………………………………………………………………………… 26
参考文献…………………………………………………………………………………… 27
ߪ ߓ ߼ ߦ
ᦨ ߽ ᒝ ജ ߥ ᷷ ቶ ല ᨐ ⢻ ࠍ ᜬ ߟ ࠟ ࠬ ߩ ৻ ߟ ߣ ߒ ߡ ⍮ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ ౐ ࡈ ࠶ ൻ ⎫ 㤛㧔 SF6㧕ߪ ‫ޔ‬੩ ㇺ ⼏ ቯ
ᦠ ߩ ೥ ᷫ ኻ ⽎ ࠟ ࠬ ߩ ৻ ߟ ߦ ޽ ߍ ࠄ ࠇ ߡ ޿ ࠆ ‫ ⼏ ࡞ ࡯ ࠝ ࡝ ࠻ ࡦ ࡕޕ‬ቯ ᦠ ߦ ߅ ޿ ߡ ኻ ⽎ ‛ ⾰ ߣ ߥ ߞ
ߡ ޿ ࠆ ࠢ ࡠ ࡠ ࡈ ࡞ ࠝ ࡠ ࠞ ࡯ ࡏ ࡦ 㘃 㧔 CFCs㧕 ߪ ߘ ߩ ઍ ᦧ ຠ 㧔 ઍ ᦧ ࡈ ࡠ ࡦ 㧕 ߩ ૶ ↪ ߦ ࠃ ߞ ߡ Ꮏ
ᬺᵴേߦᡰ㓚ࠍ߈ߚߔߎߣ߇ߥߊߥߞߚߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᣢߦవㅴ࿖ߢߪߘߩ⵾ㅧ߇⑌ᱛߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
ߒ ߆ ߒ SF6 ߦ ߟ ޿ ߡ ߪ ‫ ․ ߩ ߘ ޔ‬ᱶ ᕈ ߆ ࠄ ੹ ᓟ ߽ ᒰ 㕙 ߪ Ꮏ ᬺ ⇇ ߦ ߅ ޿ ߡ ᔅ ⷐ ߥ ‛ ⾰ ߢ ޽ ࠅ ‫ో ޔ‬
ᑄ ߣ ⸒ ߁ ᒻ ߢ ߪ ߥ ߊ ‫ ⵾ޔ‬ㅧ ߪ ߔ ࠆ ߇ ᄢ ᳇ ߳ ߩ ᡼ ಴ ㊂ ࠍ ᦨ ዊ 㒢 ߦ ᛥ ߃ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߢ ೥ ᷫ ⋡ ᮡ ࠍ ㆐ ᚑ
ߒࠃ߁ߣߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫੹ޔ‬ᓟ߽ߘߩᄢ᳇ਛߩỚᐲߪჇടߔࠆߎߣ߇੍ᗐߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬
SF6 ߪ ᷷ ቶ ല ᨐ ᳇ ૕ ߣ ޿ ߁ ⽶ ߩ ஥ 㕙 ߩ ߺ ߢ ߥ ߊ ‫ޔ‬C F C s ߥ ߤ ߣ ห ᭽ ߦ ࿾ ⃿ ⑼ ቇ ߩ ಽ ㊁ ߢ ൻ ቇ
࠻ ࡟ ࡯ ࠨ ࡯ ߣ ߒ ߡ ቇ ⴚ ೑ ↪ ߢ ߈ ࠆ ߣ ޿ ߁ ᱜ ߩ ஥ 㕙 ߽ ߽ ߜ ว ࠊ ߖ ߡ ޿ ࠆ ‫ ⵾ ߦ ․ޕ‬ㅧ ߿ ૶ ↪ ߩ ᑄ
ᱛ ߦ ઻ ߞ ߡ ᄢ ᳇ ߢ ߩ ᷫ ዋ ߇ ੍ ᗐ ߐ ࠇ ࠆ CFCs ߦ ઍ ࠊ ࠆ ᣂ ߚ ߥ ൻ ቇ ࠻ ࡟ ࡯ ࠨ ࡯ ߣ ߒ ߡ ᄢ ޿ ߦ ᦼ
ᓙ ߐ ࠇ ߡ޿ࠆ ‫ޔߒ ߆ ߒޕ‬ᄢ᳇ ਛ ߩỚ ᐲ ߿ ᶏ᳓ߦ ኻ ߔ ࠆṁ⸃ ᐲ ߩ ૐߐ߆ ࠄ ߘ ߩ᷹ቯ ߪ ᭂ ߼ߡ࿎
㔍 ߢ ޽ ࠆ‫ ࡯ࠨ࡯ ࡟ ࠻ ߩߘ߼ ߚ ߩ ߘޕ‬೑ ↪ ߪ‫ޔ‬Ყ セ ⊛ ಽᨆ߇ ኈ ᤃ ߥᄢ᳇ ⹜ ᢱ ߩಽᨆ ߦ ࠃ ࠆᄢ᳇
ᓴ Ⅳ ߣ ᷙ ว ㆊ ⒟ ߩ ⎇ ⓥ ߿ ‫ ޔ‬ᶏ ᵗ ߿ ḓ ᴧ ߦ ᄢ ㊂ ߩ SF6 ࠍ ᵈ ౉ ߒ ߘ ࠇ ࠍ ಽ ᨆ ߔ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߦ ࠃ ࠆ ᳓ ߩ
ᓴ Ⅳ ߿ ᳇ ૕ ੤ ឵ ㆊ ⒟ ߩ ⎇ ⓥ ߦ 㒢 ቯ ߐ ࠇ ߡ ߈ ߚ ‫ ߒ ߆ ߒ ޕ‬CFCs ߦ ઍ ࠊ ࠆ ᶏ ᵗ ߩ ᓴ Ⅳ ߩ ᄌ േ ᕈ ࠍ
⎇ ⓥ ߔ ࠆ ਄ ߢ ߪ ‫ޔ‬ᄢ ᳇ ߆ ࠄ ᶏ ᵗ ⴫ 㕙 ߢ ߩ ࠟ ࠬ ੤ ឵ ߦ ࠃ ߞ ߡ ᶏ ᵗ ߦ ߽ ߚ ࠄ ߐ ࠇ ߚ ޿ ࠊ ߫ ࡃ ࠶ ࠢ
ࠣ ࡜ ࠙ ࡦ ࠼ ߩ SF6 ࠍ 㜞 ♖ ᐲ ߦ ᷹ ቯ ߔ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߇ ᔅ ⷐ ߣ ߥ ࠆ ‫ ߣ ࠇ ߘ ޕ‬ห ᤨ ߦ ੹ ᓟ ࠺ ࡯ ࠲ ࠍ ቯ ᦼ ⊛
ߦ ข ᓧ ߒ Ყ セ ߒ ߡ ޿ ߊ ਄ ߢ ᷹ ቯ ࠺ ࡯ ࠲ ߩ ”ࠬ ࠤ ࡯ ࡞ ”ߣ ߥ ࠆ ”ᮡ Ḱ ‛ ⾰ ”ࠍ ⛽ ᜬ ߒ ⛯ ߌ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߽
߈ࠊ߼ߡ㊀ⷐߣߥࠆ‫ޕ‬
ᧄ ⎇ ⓥ ߢ ߪ ‫ ޔ‬ᶏ ᳓ ਛ ߩ ṁ ሽ CFCs 㜞 ♖ ᐲ ಽ ᨆ ߦ ታ ❣ ߩ ޽ ࠆ ⪺ ⠪ ࠄ ߇ ‫ ޔ‬ណ ข ᛛ ⴚ ߣ ಽ ᨆ ࠪ ࠬ
࠹ ࡓ ߩ 㜞 ᐲ ߥ ᷡ ᵺ ൻ ߦ ࠃ ࠅ ‫ ޔ‬SF6 ߩ ࠃ ࠅ 㜞 ♖ ᐲ ߢ ૐ ᬌ ಴ 㒢 ⇇ ߩ ᶏ ᳓ ਛ ṁ ሽ SF6 ಽ ᨆ ߩ ታ ⃻ ࠍ
⋡ ⊛ ߣ ߒ ߡ ಽ ᨆ ᛛ ⴚ ࠍ 㐿 ⊒ ߒ ߚ ‫ ╙ ߕ ߹ ޔ ߪ ߡ ޿ ߅ ߦ ⺰ ᧄ ޕ‬㧝 ┨ ߢ ‫ ޔ‬SF6 ߣ ߪ ޿ ߞ ߚ ޿ ߤ ߩ ࠃ
߁ ߥ ߽ ߩߢ‫ޔ‬࿾⃿ ਄ ߦ߅ ޿ ߡ ߤߩࠃ ߁ ߥ ᜼േࠍ ߒ ߡ ޿ࠆߩ ߆ ࠍ ㅀߴࠆ ‫ ╙ޕ‬㧞 ┨ߦ ߅ ޿ ߡߪ㜞
♖ ᐲ ‫ ޔ‬ૐ ᬌ ಴ 㒢 ⇇ ࠍ ㆐ ᚑ ߒ ߚ SF6 ߩ ಽ ᨆ ᣇ ᴺ ࠍ ⸥ ㅀ ߔ ࠆ ‫ ╙ ߦ ࠄ ߐ ޕ‬㧟 ┨ ߢ ߪ ‫ ޔ‬ᄢ ᳇ ߅ ࠃ ߮ ᶏ
᳓ ਛ SF6 ߩ ᮡ Ḱ ൻ ߩ ߚ ߼ ߦ ↪ ޿ ࠄ ࠇ ߡ ޿ ࠆ ᮡ Ḱ ࠟ ࠬ 㧔 M R I SF6 C a l i b r a t i o n S c a l e 㧕 ߦ ߟ ޿ ߡ
ㅀߴࠆߎߣߣߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
気象研究所技術報告 第 51 号 2007
㩷
1. 六フッ化硫黄(SF6)について
㩷
㪈㪄㪈㪅㩷 㪪㪝㪍 䈫䈲㩷
SF6 ߪ‫⚛࠶ࡈޔ‬㧔F㧕ߣ⎫㤛㧔S㧕߆ࠄߥࠆൻว‛ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
Ᏹ᷷ᄢ᳇࿶ਅߢߪൻቇ⊛ߦᭂ߼ߡ቟ቯᐲ߇㜞ߊ‫ޔ‬ήᲥ‫ޔ‬ή⥇‫ޔ‬
ή⦡‫ޔ‬ਇΆᕈߩ㜞޿᳇૕ߢ޽ࠆ㧔Table 1㧕
‫ޕ‬1960 ᐕઍ߆ࠄ
㔚ജଏ⛎ࡊ࡜ࡦ࠻ߦ߅ߌࠆⵝ⟎߿㔚ሶᯏེߩ⛘✼᧚ߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬
߹ߚࠕ࡞ࡒ࠾࠙ࡓ࡮ࡑࠣࡀࠪ࠙ࡓߩ♖㍰ᤨߦ૶↪ߔࠆߚ߼⵾
ㅧߐࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߡ߈ߚ‫ޕ‬
⃻࿷ߩߘߩᄢ᳇ਛỚᐲߪᭂ߼ߡૐ޿‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬Maiss et al.
(1996)ߪ‫ޔ‬1970 ᐕ㗃ߩᄢ᳇ਛ SF6 Ớᐲ߇ 0.03ppt㧔0.03˜
10-12㧕⒟ᐲߢ޽ߞߚߩߦኻߒ‫ޔ‬1990 ᐕ㗃ߦߪ 3ppt ߦ㆐ߒߚ
ߎߣࠍႎ๔ߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬ㄭᐕᕆỗߦჇടࠍ⛯ߌߡ޿ࠆ᳇૕ߩ৻
ߟߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
Table 1-1 Physicality of SF6.
ൻቇᑼ
ಽሶ㊂
᣹⪇ὐ
Ⲣὐ
ᴣὐ
㪪㪝㪍
㪈㪋㪍㪅㪇㪌
㪄㪍㪊㪅㪐㷄䋨㪈㪸㫋㫄䋩
㪄㪌㪇㪅㪏㷄䋨㪉㪉㪋㫂㪧㪸䋩
㪄㪍㪊㪅㪐㷄䋨㪈㪸㫋㫄䇮᣹⪇䋩
᷷ᐲ
㪋㪌㪅㪍㪇㷄
⥃⇇ቯᢙ ࿶ജ
㪊㪎㪍㪋㫂㪧㪸
ኒᐲ
㪎㪉㪐㫂㪾㪆㫄㪊
Ყ㊀
䋨ⓨ᳇㪔㪈䋩 㪌㪅㪈㪈䋨㪉㪇㷄䇮㪈㪸㫋㫄䋩
䋨᳇૕䋩
㪍㪅㪇㪋㫂㪾㪆㫄㪊䋨㪉㪌㷄䇮㪈㪸㫋㫄䋩
ኒᐲ
䋨ᶧ૕䋩
㪈㪊㪊㪐㫂㪾㪆㫄㪊䋨㪉㪌㷄䋩
㪈㪉㪍㪋㫂㪧㪸䋨㪇㷄䋩
⫳᳇࿶
㪉㪈㪇㪐㫂㪧㪸䋨㪉㪇㷄䋩
㪊㪊㪉㪎㫂㪧㪸䋨㪋㪇㷄䋩
⴫㕙ᒛജ
㪏㪅㪇㪉㫄㪥㪆㫄䋨㪄㪉㪇㷄䋩
䋨᳇૕䋩
㪈㪅㪌㬍㪈㪇㪄㪌㪧㪸䊶㫊䋨㪉㪌㷄䇮㪈㪸㫋㫄䋩
☼ᐲ
䋨ᶧ૕䋩
㪉㪎㪅㪎㬍㪈㪇㪄㪌㪧㪸䊶㫊䋨㪉㪌㷄䋩
ዮ᛬₸
㪈㪅㪇㪇㪇㪎㪏㪊䋨㪇㷄䇮㪈㪸㫋㫄䋩
⛘✼ᴤ䈻䈱ṁ⸃ᐲ
㪇㪅㪋㪇㪏㫄㪣㪪㪝㪍㪆㫄㪣ᴤ
᳓䈻䈱ṁ⸃ᐲ
㪇㪅㪇㪇㪍㪊㫄㪣㪪㪝㪍㪆㫄㪣᳓
㪪㪝㪍䈻䈱᳓䈱ṁ⸃ᐲ 㪇㪅㪇㪈㩼
⛘✼⠴ജ
㪉㪅㪊㺷㪉㪅㪌䋨㪥㪉㪔㪈䋩
⺃㔚₸
㪈㪅㪇㪇㪉䋨㪉㪌㷄䇮㪈㪸㫋㫄䋩
⺃㔚ᱜធ㪔㫋㪸㫅㱐
䋼㪉㬍㪈㪇㪄㪎䋨㪉㪌㷄䇮㪈㪇㪈㫂㪧㪸䋩
㪈㪄㪉㪅㩷 ᷷ቶലᨐ᳇૕䈫䈚䈩䈱 㪪㪝㪍㩷
SF6 ߪ‫ޔ‬ੑ㉄ൻ὇⚛Ყߢߩ࿾⃿᷷ᥦൻଥᢙ(GWP100)߇ 23900 ߣᭂ߼ߡᄢ߈ߊ‫ߩߘߚ߹ޔ‬቟ቯᕈ߆ࠄᄢ᳇ਛߢ
ߩኼ๮߇ 3200 ᐕߣᭂ߼ߡ㐳޿ߚ߼‫ޔ‬㐳ᦼߦࠊߚࠆⅣႺ߳ߩᓇ㗀߇⠨ᘦߐࠇࠆ‫ ߼ߚߩߘޕ‬1997 ᐕߩ࿾⃿᷷ᥦൻ
㒐ᱛ੩ㇺળ⼏㧔╙㧟࿁᳇୥ᄌേᨒ⚵᧦⚂✦⚂࿖ળ⼏‫ޔ‬COP3㧕ߦ߅޿ߡੑ㉄ൻ὇⚛㧔CO2㧕
‫ࡦ࠲ࡔޔ‬㧔CH4㧕
‫৻ޔ‬
㉄ൻੑ⓸⚛㧔N2O㧕‫ࡦࡏ࡯ࠞࡠࠝ࡞ࡈࡠ࠼ࠗࡂޔ‬㘃㧔HFCs㧕‫ࡦࡏ࡯ࠞࡠࠝ࡞ࡈ࡯ࡄޔ‬㘃㧔PFCs㧕ߣߣ߽ߦ೥ᷫ
ኻ⽎‛⾰ߦᜰቯߐࠇߚ㧔᳇୥ᄌേߦ㑐ߔࠆ࿖㓙ㅪวᨒ⚵᧦⚂ߩ੩ㇺ⼏ቯᦠ㧕‫ޔߣࠆࠃߦࠇߎޕ‬1990 ᐕ㧔ߚߛߒ‫ޔ‬
HFCs‫ޔ‬PFCs ߅ࠃ߮ SF6 ߪ 1995 ᐕ㧕ߩឃ಴㊂ࠍၮḰߦ‫ޔ‬2008 ᐕ߆ࠄ 2012 ᐕ߹ߢߩవㅴ࿖ో૕ߢੑ㉄ൻ὇⚛
឵▚ߢ㧡㧑㧔ᣣᧄߪ㧢㧑㧕೥ᷫߔࠆߣ޿߁߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޔߒߛߚޕ‬SF6 ߪ㔚ജߩ቟ቯଏ⛎ߩߚ߼ߦᔅⷐਇนᰳߢ޽
ࠅ‫ߩߘߚ߹ޔ‬ઍᦧ‛⾰ߩ㐿⊒߇ㅴࠎߢ޿ߥ޿ߚ߼‫⃻ޔ‬࿷߽ߘߩ૶↪ߪ⛮⛯ߐࠇ‫ޔ‬᡼಴ࠍᛥ߃ࠆദജ߇ᛄࠊࠇߡ޿
ࠆߦߔ߉ߥ޿‫ޕ‬
㪈㪄㪊㪅㩷 ᄢ᳇ਛ䈮䈍䈔䉎 㪪㪝㪍㩷
Harnisch and Eisenhauer (1998)ߪ‫࡞࠲ࡎޔ‬⍹㧔fluorite‫ޔ‬CaF2㧕ਛߢߩ SF6 ߦߟ޿ߡ⸥ㅀߒ‫ޔ‬ᄢ㒽࿾Ზ߇
SF6 ࠍ⾂⬿ߒᄢ᳇߳ଏ⛎ߒߡ޿ࠆน⢻ᕈࠍ␜ໂߒߚ‫ߩߘޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᄢ᳇߳ߩነਈߪᭂ߼ߡዊߐߊ‫ޔ‬ᄢ᳇Ớᐲߦߒ
ߡ߅ࠃߘ 0.01ppt ಽ߇࿾Ზ↱᧪ߩ SF6 ߢ޽ࠆߣߒߡ޿ࠆ‫⥄ޕ‬ὼ⇇ߦ߅ߌࠆ SF6 ߩᄢ᳇߳ߩଏ⛎Ḯߪ⃻࿷ߩߣߎ
ࠈߘߩ߶߆ߦႎ๔ߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿ߎߣ߆ࠄᄢ᳇߳ߩ SF6 ߩଏ⛎Ḯߪੱ㑆ᵴേߦ઻߁߽ߩ߇߶߷ߔߴߡߢ޽ࠆߣ⸒
ߞߡ߽ㆊ⸒ߢߪߥ޿‫ޕ‬
Figure 1-1 ߦ SF6 ߩᄢ᳇ਛỚᐲߩᄌㆫࠍ‫ޔ‬CFCs㧔CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-113㧕ߩߘࠇߣวࠊߖߡ␜ߔ‫ߕ޿ޕ‬
ࠇ߽ 1960 ᐕએ㒠ߩᎿᬺᵴേߩᵴ⊒ൻߦߣ߽ߥߞߡᕆỗߦߘߩᄢ᳇ਛỚᐲ߇Ⴧടࠍᆎ߼ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬SF6 ߇ CFCs ߣ
ᄢ߈ߊ⇣ߥࠆߩߪ‫ޔ‬CFCs ߇ࡕࡦ࠻࡝ࠝ࡯࡞⼏ቯᦠߩ⊒ലߦࠃߞߡ 1990 ᐕએ㒠Ⴧടㅦᐲ߇ૐਅߒᆎ߼ߚߩߦኻ
−1−
気象研究所技術報告 第 51 号 2007
SF6
CFC-12
CFC-11
CFC-113
600
8
7
500
400
5
4
300
3
200
CFCs (ppt)
SF6(ppt)
6
2
100
1
0
1950
0
1960
1970
1980
Year
1990
2000
Figure 1-1 Time evolution of atmospheric SF6, CFC-11, CFC-12 and CFC-113. This figure is based on Walker et al. (2000), Maiss and
Brenninkmeijer (1998) and Bullister et al. (2002).
ߒ‫ޔ‬SF6 ߪ੹ߥ߅ᄢ᳇ਛߢỚᐲࠍ਄᣹ߐߖ⛯ߌߡ޿ࠆߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
೨ㅀߒߡ߈ߚࠃ߁ߦ SF6 ߪᄢ᳇ਛߦ߅޿ߡᭂ߼ߡ቟ቯߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᄢ᳇ਛߢߩኼ๮ߪᭂ߼ߡ㐳޿‫ޔ߼ߚߩߘޕ‬ᄢ
᳇ਛߢߩ SF6 ߩỚᐲߪ᳇႙ߩᷙวㆊ⒟ߢߩߺᄌൻߔࠆ଻ሽᚑಽߣߒߡขࠅᛒ߁ߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬
㩷
㪈㪄㪋㪅㩷 ᶏᵗ䈮䈍䈔䉎 㪪㪝㪍㩷
ᄢ᳇ਛߦ᡼಴ߐࠇߚ SF6 ߩ৻ㇱߪᶏᵗ߽߳⒖ⴕߒߡ޿ߊ‫ޕ‬ᄢ᳇߆ࠄᶏᵗ߽߳ߚࠄߐࠇࠆ SF6 ߪ‫ߡߴߔ߷߶ޔ‬
߇ᶏ㕙ߦ߅ߌࠆ᳇૕੤឵ㆊ⒟ࠍ⚻ߡ޿ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ᶏᵗ⴫㕙ߦ߅ߌࠆ SF6 ߩᐔⴧ(㘻๺)Ớᐲ [SF6]eq ߪ
Henry ߩᴺೣߦᓥ޿‫ޔ‬ᄢ᳇ਛಽ࿶(PSF6air)ߣ‫ޔ‬Figure 1-2 ߢ␜ߒߚᶏ᳓ߩႮಽߣ᳓᷷ߩ㑐ᢙߢ⴫ߐࠇࠆṁ⸃ᐲ
(Sol.)ߣ᳇࿶(Press.)ߩⓍ
[SF6]eq = PSF6air ×Sol. × Press.
ߢ⴫ߐࠇࠆ㧔Figure 1-3 Bullister et al. 2002㧕‫ޕ‬ᶏ᳓ߦ߅޿ߡ߽ SF6 ࠍಽ⸃ߔࠆㆊ⒟ߪሽ࿷ߒߡ޿ߥ޿ߎߣ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬
ᶏ᳓ߦṁߌߚ SF6 ߪᶏ᳓ߩേ߈ߦᓥߞߡ⒖േߒߡ޿ߊߎߣߣߥࠆ‫ ߼ߚߩߘޕ‬CFCs ห᭽ߦᶏ᳓ߩേ߈ࠍㅊ〔ߔ
ࠆൻቇ࠻࡟࡯ࠨ࡯(ㅊ〔ሶ)ߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬ᶏᵗቇߩಽ㊁ߢߩ೑↪߇ᦼᓙߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
㪈㪄㪌㪅㩷 ࿾⃿ൻቇ䊃䊧䊷䉰䊷䈫䈚䈩䈱 㪪㪝㪍㩷
ᦨ߽ೋᦼߩᄢ᳇ߦ߅ߌࠆ SF6 Ớᐲߩ᷹ቯ୯ߪ Lovelock (1971)ߦࠃߞߡႎ๔ߐࠇߚ‫ߩߘޕ‬ਛߢᓐߪ 1970 ᐕߦ
߅ߌࠆᄢ᳇ਛ SF6 ᷹ቯ୯ࠍ 0.03ppt ߣႎ๔ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬Elias et al. (1976)‫ޔ‬
Krey et al. (1977)޽ࠆ޿ߪ Singh et al.
(1977)ߦࠃߞߡႎ๔ߐࠇߚ 1970 ᐕઍߩᄢ᳇ਛ SF6 ᷹ቯ୯ߪ‫ ߽ࠇߕ޿ޔ‬1ppt એਅߢ޽ߞߚ‫ߩߘޕ‬ᓟ‫ޔ‬ฦ࿾ߢⷰ
᷹߇ታᣉߐࠇ㧔଀߃߫ Hirota and Muramatsu 1986‫ޔ‬Ko et al. 1993 ઁ㧕
‫ߩߘޔ‬Ⴧട߇ႎ๔ߐࠇߡ߈ߚ‫ޕ‬Maiss and
Levin (1994)߿ Maiss and Breninkmeijer (1998)ߪᓐࠄߩ㜞♖ᐲ㐳ᦼࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯᷹ࠢⷰߦࠃࠆ୯ߣㆊ෰ߩ᷹ⷰ
୯‫ੱߦࠄߐޔ‬㑆ᵴേߦࠃࠅᄢ᳇ߦ᡼಴ߐࠇߚ SF6 ㊂ࠍ߽ߣߦ 1970 ᐕએ㒠ߩᄢ᳇ਛ SF6 ߩᤨ♽೉ࠍ૞ᚑߒ‫ޔ‬1990
ᐕઍ೨ඨߩᐕჇട₸߇ታߦ 8㧑ࠍ⿥߃ߡ޿ߚߎߣࠍႎߓߚ‫ޕ‬
−2−
気象研究所技術報告 第 51 号 2007
0.7
Solubility (mol/kg/atm)
0.6
Sal=0
Sal=35
Sal=30
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
-5
0
5
10
15
20
Temperature (͠
25
30
35
Figure 1-2 Temperature dependence of solubility for SF6 in water and seawater.
Saturated SF6 (fmol/kg)
2
Sal=35, Temp.=5C
Sal=35, Temp.=25C
1.5
1
0.5
0
1950
1960
1970
1980
Year
1990
2000
2010
Figure 1-3 Time history of concentration of saturated SF6 in surface seawater.
Maiss et al. (1996)߿ Geller et al. (1997)ߪ‫ޔ‬SF6 ߩሶඦ✢ᣇะߩಽᏓ߆ࠄධർඨ⃿ߢߩ᳇૕੤឵ㅦᐲࠍ⷗Ⓧ߽
ߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ ߚ߹ޕ‬Elkins et al. (1996) ߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢ᳇࿤ߢߩ SF6 ߩ㋦⋥ⓨ㑆ಽᏓࠍឬ޿ߚ‫⚿ߩߘޕ‬ᨐߪ‫ޔ‬CFCs ߇ሽ࿷ߒ
ߥ޿㜞ጀߦ߅޿ߡ߽ SF6 ߇ሽ࿷ߒߡ޿ࠆߣ޿߁߽ߩߢ‫ޔ‬ᄢ᳇࿤ߦ߅ߌࠆߘߩ‛⾰ߩᭂ߼ߡ㐳޿ኼ๮ࠍ␜ໂߒߚ‫ޕ‬
Strunk et al. (2000)ߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢ᳇࿤㋦⋥ಽᏓ᷹ⷰࠍਛ㑆࿤ߦ߹ߢ᜛ᒛߒ‫ ߩߢߎߘޔ‬SF6 ಽ⸃ߩน⢻ᕈࠍ␜ߒߚ‫ޕ‬
Levin and Hesshaimer (1996)߿ Kjellström et al. (2000)ࠍߪߓ߼ᢙᄙߊߩ⎇ⓥ߇‫ޔ‬ᄢ᳇ᓴⅣࡕ࠺࡞⎇ⓥߢߩ
಴ജࠍ⹏ଔߔࠆߚ߼ߦᄢ᳇ਛ SF6 ߩ᷹ቯ୯ࠍ↪޿ߡ߈ߚ‫ޕ‬
᳓࿤ߦ߅ߌࠆ⎇ⓥߪ‫ޔ‬1980 ᐕઍਛ㗃ߦᆎ߹ߞߚ‫ޔߪ߼ߓߪޕ‬SF6 ߩᄢ᳇ਛỚᐲ෸߮ḓ᳓‫ޔ‬ᶏ᳓޽ࠆ޿ߪ࿾ਅ
᳓߳ߩṁ⸃ᐲ߇ૐ޿ߎߣ߆ࠄ‫ߩߘޔ‬᷹ቯ߇࿎㔍ߛߞߚ߇‫ޔ‬1984 ᐕߦ߅ߌࠆർ᧲ᄢ⷏ᵗߦ߅ߌࠆ㋦⋥ಽᏓ߇
Watson et al. (1985)ߦࠃࠅႎ๔ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᓐࠄߪࡋ࠶࠼ࠬࡍ࡯ࠬᴺߦࠃࠆ᷹ቯ⚿ᨐߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬ᷓጀ᳓ߩᒻᚑߐ
ࠇࠆߎߩᶏၞߢ SF6 ߇᳓ᷓ߅ࠃߘ 1000m ߦ߹ߢ⽾౉ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍႎ๔ߒߚ‫ޕ‬
−3−
気象研究所技術報告 第 51 号 2007
ߒ߆ߒ‫ޔ‬ᄢ᳇߆ࠄ᳓㕙㧔ᶏ㕙߿ḓ㕙㧕ࠍㅢߒߡ᳓࿤ߦṁ౉ߒߚ޿ࠊ߫ࡃ࠶ࠢࠣ࡜࠙ࡦ࠼ SF6 ࠍᛒߞߚ⎇ⓥߪ
ᒰᤨ߹ࠇߢ‫ޔ‬ᄙߊߪ㜞Ớᐲߦ SF6 ߇ṁ⸃ߒߚṁᶧࠍ᳓࿤ߦੱᎿ⊛ߦࠬࡄࠗࠢߒ‫ߩߘޔ‬⒖േ߿᜛ᢔߩ᭽ሶࠍㅊ〔
ߔࠆ⎇ⓥߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬Wanninkhof et al. (1985)ߪ‫ޔ‬਎⇇ߦవ㚟ߌߡ SF6 ࠬࡄࠗࠢታ㛎ࠍ࠾ࡘ࡯࡛࡯ࠢᎺ Rockland
Lake ߢⴕ޿‫ޔ‬᳇࿤-᳓࿤㑆ߩࠟࠬ੤឵ଥᢙࠍ㘑ㅦߩ㑐ᢙߣߒߡ⴫ߒߚ‫ޕ‬Upstill-Goddard et al. (1990)߽߹ߚ‫ޔ‬
ḓߢߩ SF6 ࠬࡄࠗࠢታ㛎ࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬
ᶏᵗߦ߅޿ߡߪ‫ ߚߒࠢࠗࡄࠬޔ‬SF6 ߩ㜞Ớᐲߩࡄ࠶࠴ࠍㅊ޿߆ߌࠆߎߣߢᶏ᳓ߩャㅍ‫ޔ‬ᷙวㆊ⒟߇⎇ⓥߐࠇ
ߡ߈ߚ㧔Watson et al. 1991a‫ޔ‬Ledwell and Watson 1991‫ޔ‬Law et al. 1998‫ޔ‬Dillon et al. 1999 ઁ㧕
‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬
Watson et al. (1991b)ߪ‫ޔ‬SF6 ߣวࠊߖߡ 3He ࠍᶏᵗߦࠬࡄࠗࠢߒ‫ޔ‬SF6 ࠍャㅍ‫ޔ‬ᷙวߩ࠻࡟࡯ࠨ࡯ߦ‫ ߚ߹ޔ‬3He
ࠍ᳇૕੤឵ߩ࠻࡟࡯ࠨ࡯ߣߒߡ↪޿ߚ‫ޕ‬
2000 ᐕઍߦߥߞߡࠃ߁߿ߊࠬࡄࠗࠢߦࠃࠄߕߦᄢ᳇߆ࠄ߽ߚࠄߐࠇߚᶏ᳓ਛߩࡃ࠶ࠢࠣ࡜࠙ࡦ࠼ߩ SF6 ߩ᷹
ቯ߇޿ߊߟ߆ⴕࠊࠇߚ㧔Law and Watson 2001‫ޔ‬Watanabe et al. 2003‫ޔ‬Tanhua et al. 2004 ߥߤ㧕
‫ޔߪࠄࠇߘޕ‬
޿ߕࠇ߽᳓႙߇ᶏ㕙ߦ޿ߚᤨ߆ࠄߤࠇߊࠄ޿ߩᤨ㑆ߢߘߎߦ೔㆐ߒߚ߆ࠍ⍮ࠆ‫࡯ࠨ࡯࡟࠻ޟ‬ᐕ㦂‫⷗ࠍޠ‬Ⓧ߽ࠆߚ
߼ߦ↪޿ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ ߪࠇߘޕ‬SF6 ߇‫ޔ‬CFCs ߩࠃ߁ߦ
a. ᄢ᳇ߦ߅ߌࠆỚᐲߩᤨ♽೉߇ࠊ߆ࠅ‫ޔ‬
b. ᶏ᳓ߦኻߔࠆṁ⸃ᐲ߇ࠊ߆ࠅ‫ޔ‬
c. ቟ቯߢ㕖ᵴᕈߥߚ߼ᷙวߩߺߦࠃߞߡߘߩỚᐲ߇ᄌൻߔࠆ଻ሽᚑಽߣߒߡᛒ߃ࠆ‫ޔ‬
ൻቇ‛⾰ߢ޽ࠆߎߣߦ↱᧪ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
߹ߚ࿾ਅ᳓ߦߟ޿ߡ߽ᶏ᳓ห᭽ߦᐕ㦂⷗Ⓧ߽ࠅߩߚ߼ߦ↪޿ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧔଀߃߫ Bauer et al. 2001 ߥߤ㧕‫ޕ‬
޿ߊߟ߆ߩ⎇ⓥ߇ᶏ᳓ߩ㜞♖ᐲಽᨆߩߚ߼ߦᛄࠊࠇߚ㧔Wanninkhof 1991‫ޔ‬Law et al. 1994‫ޔ‬Upstill-Goddard
et al. 1991 ߥߤ㧕‫ߪߢ⁁⃻ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᶏ᳓ਛߩ SF6 ᬌ಴㒢⇇߇ 0.05fmol/kg㧔f: femto (10-15)㧕⒟ᐲߢ޽ࠅ‫ࠅࠃޔ‬
ᷓ޿‫ࠅࠃޔ‬ฎ޿ᶏ᳓߳ߩᔕ↪ߪ㔍ߒ޿‫ޕ‬
−4−
気象研究所技術報告 第 51 号 2007
㩷
2.
分析方法
㩷
㪉㪄㪈㪅㩷 ㆐ᚑ⋡ᮡ㩷
ᧄ⎇ⓥߪ‫ޔ‬SF6 ࠍ㜞♖ᐲߦ᷹ቯߒ‫ޔ‬ᶏ᳓ਛߩ SF6 ߦߟ޿ߡࠃࠅᷓ޿᳓ᷓߩࠃࠅૐỚᐲߩ SF6 ࠍᬌ಴น⢻ߦߔࠆ
߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫⎇ᧄޕ‬ⓥߩ㆐ᚑ⋡ᮡࠍᄢ᳇ਛỚᐲ࡟ࡌ࡞㧔߅ࠃߘ 6ppt㧕ߩࠟࠬ⹜ᢱ᷹ቯߦߟ޿ߡ 0.5%⒟ᐲߩ➅ࠅ㄰
ߒ♖ᐲ‫ޔ‬ᶏ᳓ਛߩ SF6 ߩᬌ಴㒢⇇ࠍ 0.02fmol/kg ߣߔࠆ‫ߩࠄࠇߎޕ‬୯ߪ‫⃻ޔ‬࿷ߩᄢ᳇ߢߩᐕჇടㅦᐲߢ޽ࠆ 6%
ߦᲧߴߡలಽዊߐߥ߽ߩߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ർᄥᐔᵗߦ߅ߌࠆਛጀઃㄭߩ᳓႙ߦߟ޿ߡ 1970 ᐕઍ೨ඨ㧔ᄢ᳇ਛỚᐲ߇ 0.2
㨪0.3ppt㧕߹ߢߩ᳓႙ᐕ㦂ࠍ᳿ቯน⢻ߦߔࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
㪉㪄㪉㪅㩷 㩷 ಽᨆ䉲䉴䊁䊛䈱᭎ⷐ㩷
㐿⊒ߒߚ SF6 ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢ߈ߊಽߌࠆߣᰴߩ㧞ߟߩⵝ⟎߆ࠄߥࠆ‫ޕ‬
a. ಽ㔌Ớ❗ⵝ⟎߅ࠃ߮ߘߩ೙ᓮㇱ
b. ᬌ಴ⵝ⟎㧔ࠟࠬࠢࡠࡑ࠻ࠣ࡜ࡈ㧕ߣ࠺࡯࠲ಣℂㇱ
ߘࠇߙࠇߩ⹦⚦ߦߟ޿ߡએਅߦ⸥ㅀߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
㪉㪄㪉㪄㪈㪅㩷 㩷 ಽ㔌Ớ❗ⵝ⟎㩷
ᶏ᳓߅ࠃ߮ᄢ᳇ਛߩ SF6 ࠍಽᨆߔࠆߚ߼ߩ࡜ࠗࡦ࿑ࠍ Figure 2-1 ߦ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬
ṁሽ᳇૕ߩಽᨆߦ㓙ߒߡߩ⹜ᢱṁᶧ߆ࠄߩ⋡⊛ᚑಽߩಽ㔌Ớ❗ߦߪ‫ޔ‬
a. Purge and Trap ᴺ
b. Head Space ᐔⴧᴺ
ߩ㧞⒳㘃߇↪޿ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬೨⠪ߪ⋡⊛ᚑಽࠍ฽߹ߕ‫⊛⋡ߚ߹ޔ‬ᚑಽߣ෻ᔕߒߥ޿᳇૕㧔ࡄ࡯ࠫࠟࠬ㧕ࠍㅢߓࠆ᳇ᵃ
ࠍ⹜ᢱṁᶧߦ⊒↢ߐߖࠆߎߣߢ‫⊛⋡ޔ‬ᚑಽࠍ᳇ᵃਛߦ⒖േߐߖ‫⊛⋡ޔ‬ᚑಽߦኻߒߡๆ⌕⢻ࠍ᦭ߔࠆలႯ᧚ߦㅢߕ
Figure 2-1 Schematic diagram of SF6 analytical system.
−5−
気象研究所技術報告 第 51 号 2007
ࠆߎߣߢ‫ޔ‬లႯ᧚਄ߦๆ⌕ߐߖࠆ㧔࠻࡜࠶ࡊ㧕‫ࠄ߆ࡊ࠶࡜࠻ߜߩߩߘޕ‬⣕⌕ߐߖᬌ಴ེߢ᷹ቯࠍⴕ߁ߎߣߢ⹜ᢱ
ṁᶧਛߩ⋡⊛ᚑಽߩỚᐲࠍ⷗Ⓧ߽ࠆᣇᴺߢ޽ࠆ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇᓟ⠪ߪ‫⹜ޔ‬ᢱṁᶧߣ⋡⊛ᚑಽࠍ฽߹ߕ‫ߚ߹ޔ‬෻ᔕߒߥ޿᳇
૕ࠍኒኽኈེਛߢធ⸅ߐߖࠆߎߣߢ‫ޔ‬᳇ᶧᐔⴧࠍ⏕଻ߒ‫ߩߘޔ‬᳇૕ਛߦሽ࿷ߔࠆ⋡⊛ᚑಽࠍ࠻࡜࠶ࡊߒߡ㧔⋭⇛
ߔࠆ႐ว߽޽ࠆ㧕‫ޔ‬ᬌ಴ེߢ᷹ቯࠍⴕ߁ᣇᴺߢ޽ࠆ‫੹ޕ‬࿁‫ޔ‬ᶏ᳓ਛ SF6 ᷹ቯߩߚ߼ߦ↪ᗧߒߚߩߪ‫ޔ‬Purge and
Trap ᣇᑼߦࠃࠆⵝ⟎ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
ᧄⵝ⟎ߢߪ‫߮ࠃ߅ࠬࠟࠫ࡯ࡄޔ‬ᬌ಴ེౝߦ⋡⊛ᚑಽࠍዉߊࠠࡖ࡝ࠕࠟࠬߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬㜞⚐ᐲ⓸⚛ࠟࠬ (⚐ᐲ
99.99995%એ਄)ࠍ↪޿ߚ‫ޕ‬㜞⚐ᐲ⓸⚛ࠟࠬࠍ↪޿ߡߪ޿ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬㜞࿶ࠪ࡝ࡦ࠳࡯㧔ࡏࡦࡌ㧕ౝ߿ࡏࡦࡌߦขࠅઃ
ߌߚ⺞࿶ེ߆ࠄ಴ࠆࠊߕ߆ߥ SF6 ࠍ߽ቢోߦ㒰෰ߔࠆߚ߼‫ࠍࠬࠟ⚛⓸⚐ޔ‬ᵹߒߥ߇ࠄ 300͠ߢ 6 ᤨ㑆એ਄ࠛ࡯ࠫ
ࡦࠣߒߚ MS-13X ࠞ࡜ࡓࠍࡏࡦࡌ⺞࿶ེߩ޽ߣߦធ⛯ߒߡ૶↪ߔࠆ‫ ߩߎޕ‬MS-13X ࠞ࡜ࡓߪ㜞⚐ᐲ⓸⚛ࠟࠬߩ
ᱷ࿶߇ᷫࠅ‫ࠍࡌࡦࡏޔ‬੤឵ߔࠆߏߣߦ‫ߣߩ߽ߚߒࠣࡦࠫ࡯ࠛޔ‬ขࠅ឵߃ߡ૶↪ߒߚ‫ ▤῎ੇࠬࠟࠕ࡝ࡖࠠޕ‬MS-13X
ࠞ࡜ࡓࠍㅢࠅ SF6 ╬߇㒰෰ߐࠇߚࡄ࡯ࠫࠟࠬߪ 5 ᣇߦಽጘߐࠇ‫ࠇߙࠇߘޔ‬࿶ജ⺞ᢛེ(PR)ߢ࿶ജ߇⺞ᢛߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬
࿶ജ⺞ᢛེࠍㅢࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅౣ߮ SF6 ߩᳪᨴࠍฃߌࠆน⢻ᕈ߇޽ࠆߩߢ‫ߩࠇߙࠇߘޔ‬ᵹ〝ߦ MS-5A ࠞ࡜ࡓ
㧔M.S㧕ࠍขࠅઃߌࠆ‫ޔߪߡ޿ߟߦࠄࠇߎޕ‬PR-1 ᵹ〝ߩࡄ࡯ࠫࠟࠬߪᓟߦᢙಽ㑆 SF6 ╬߇Ớ❗ߐࠇࠆߎߣߣߥ
ࠆߩߢ‫ޔ‬㧞ㅳ㑆ߦ 1 ᐲ⒟ᐲ MS-5A ࠞ࡜ࡓࠍࠛ࡯ࠫࡦࠣߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ ߦ․ޔߩ߽ߩ߆߶ߩߘޕ‬PR-3 ߣ PR-4
ᵹ〝ߦߟ޿ߡߪ‫ࠄߚߞߥߦ߁ࠃࠆࠇࠄ⷗߇࠭ࠗࡁߦࡦࠗ࡜ࠬ࡯ࡌߩࡓ࡜ࠣ࠻ࡑࡠࠢޔ‬੤឵ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
ᵹ〝ಾࠅ឵߃↪ߩߚ߼ߩࡃ࡞ࡉ㘃ߦߪ‫ߚ߹ޔߕߖ↪૶ࠍࠬ࡯࡝߽ࠣࠇߕ޿ޔ‬ᄢ᳇ਛߩ SF6 ߇᜛ᢔߦࠃࠅࡃ࡞
ࡉߩࡠ࡯࠲࡯ࠍㅢߒߡࠟࠬߩᵹ〝߿ࠨࡦࡊ࡞ਛߦᷙ౉ߔࠆߎߣࠍ㒐ߋߚ߼ߩᄖ᳇ㆤᢿ↪ࡄ࡯ࠫᵹ〝ߩઃ޿ߚ߽
ߩࠍ૶↪ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬A6P7‫ޔ‬A4P8 ߅ࠃ߮ A6P9 ߩࡃ࡞ࡉߪ‫ߩߘޔ‬ಾࠅ឵߃ߩ࠲ࠗࡒࡦࠣ߇ಽᨆ♖ᐲߦ㕖
Ᏹߦᄢ߈ߥᓇ㗀ࠍਈ߃ࠆߚ߼‫ ߚ߹ޔ‬A4R14 ߅ࠃ߮ A8P6 ߩࡃ࡞ࡉߪᮡḰࠟࠬߩಽᨆࠍ⥄േ⊛ߦㅪ⛯ߒߡⴕ߁ߚ
߼ߦ‫࡯ࠕࠛޔ‬㚟േဳߩ⥄േࡃ࡞ࡉࠍ࠲ࠗࡓࠪ࡯ࠤࡦࠨ࡯ߣࠛࠕࠦࡦࡊ࡟࠶ࠨ࡯ߦࠃࠆ࿶❗ⓨ᳇ߢ೙ᓮߒߥ߇ࠄ↪
޿ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬Manual ߣ⸥ߐࠇߚ㧠ᣇಾ឵ࡃ࡞ࡉߪዉ౉ߔࠆᄢ᳇޽ࠆ޿ߪᮡḰࠟࠬ⹜ᢱࠍㆬᛯߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ࡠ࡯࠲࡝
࡯ဳࡃ࡞ࡉࠍ↪޿ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
ࠟ࡜ࠬ⵾ߩ⣕᳇╴ߦߪ‫ޔ‬ౝㇱߦ⋡ว޿ⷙᩰ G-2 ߥ޿ߒߪ G-3 ߩࡏ࡯࡞⁁ߩࠟ࡜ࠬࡈ࡝࠶࠻߇౉ߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߘޕ‬
ߩਔ┵ߪ O-࡝ࡦࠣࠍౝ⬿ߔࠆ Ultratorr Cajon ߢ࡜ࠗࡦߣធ⛯ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
࡜ࠗࡦౝߩ㈩▤ߪ 1/8 ࠗࡦ࠴ߥ޿ߒߪ 1/16 ࠗࡦ࠴ߩ SUS316 ࠬ࠹ࡦ࡟ࠬ▤ࠍ↪޿‫ޔ‬ធ⛯ㇱߦߪ SWAGELOK ␠
⵾ߩࠬ࠹ࡦ࡟ࠬ⵾࡙࠾ࠝࡦࠍ↪޿ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
ⵝ⟎ߦ૶↪ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆࡄ࡯࠷㘃╬ߦߟ޿ߡౕ૕⊛ߦએਅߦ⸥ߔ‫᧚ེࠆߔ↪૶ߢߎߎޕ‬㘃ߪ‫⎇ᧄޔ‬ⓥߩ⋡⊛ߣߔ
ࠆૐᬌ಴㒢⇇ࠍ㆐ᚑߔࠆߚ߼‫ߡߴߔޔ‬ᶏ᳓ਛ CFCs ಽᨆߦ૶↪น⢻ߥ SF6 ߦߟ޿ߡᭂ߼ߡ㜞ᐲߦᷡᵺൻߐࠇߚ
߽ߩࠍㆬࠎߛ‫ޕ‬
a.ᵹ㊂⺞▵࡙࠾࠶࠻
࡮ࡏࡦࡌ⺞࿶ེ ፉᵤ⵾૞ᚲ␠⵾ ࠞࠬ࠲ࡓ V ઃ⺞࿶ེ N2 㧔R㧕
࡮ࡔ࠲࡞࠳ࠗࡗࡈ࡜ࡓᑼࠬ࠻࠶ࡊࡃ࡞ࡉ SS-4H
࡮ࡔ࠲࡞࠳ࠗࡗࡈ࡜ࡓᑼ࿶ജ⺞ᢛེ RD-3113
㧔PR-1, 2, 3, 4㧕
㧔PR-1, 2, 3, 4, 5㧕
࿶ജ⺞ᢛ▸࿐㧦58.8㨪588kPa
࡮࿶ജ⸘
⋡⋓㧦0㨪1.0MPa
b.ࡑࠬࡈࡠ࡯ࠦࡦ࠻ࡠ࡯࡜ 㧔MFC㧕
࡮ᧄ૕㧦SEC-E40
−6−
気象研究所技術報告 第 51 号 2007
࡮೙ᓮ࡙࠾࠶࠻㧦PAC-D2
࡮ធ⛯ࠤ࡯ࡉ࡞㧦SC-EH2-1M
c.᛽಴ㇱ࡙࠾࠶࠻
࡮ࠛࠕ࡯㚟േဳࠬ࠻࠶ࡊࡃ࡞ࡉ FPR-ND-91-6.35 㧔AST-1.2.5㧕
࡮ࡔ࠲࡞࠳ࠗࡗࡈ࡜ࡓᑼࠬ࠻࠶ࡊࡃ࡞ࡉ SS-4H
㧔SST-3.4㧕
࡮ᶧ㕙࠮ࡦࠨ࡯HPQ-T 㧔Level Sensor㧕
࡮⣕᳇╴
ኈ㊂㧦300ml
࡮㔚ሶ಄ළེ 㧔ECU㧕
಄ළ᷷ᐲ㧦4͠
d.ዉ౉ㇱ࡙࠾࠶࠻
࡮ࠛࠕ࡯㚟േဳ 8 ᣇಾ឵ࡃ࡞ࡉ Valco A4C8UWE-PH 㧔A8P6㧕
࡮ࠛࠕ࡯㚟േဳ 6 ᣇಾ឵ࡃ࡞ࡉ Valco A4C6UWE-PH 㧔A6P7㧘A6P9㧕
࡮ࠛࠕ࡯㚟േဳ 4 ᣇಾ឵ࡃ࡞ࡉ Valco A4C4UWE-PH 㧔A4P8㧕
࡮᷷ᐲ࠮ࡦࠨ࡯ 㧔Temp. Sensor㧕
࠮ࡦࠨ࡯ㇱ઀᭽㧦Pt-100
࡮㒰Ḩ▤ 㧔Mg(ClO4)2㧕
లႯ‛㧦ㆊႮ⚛㉄ࡑࠣࡀࠪ࠙ࡓ㧔ర⚛ಽᨆ↪㧕
᧚⾰㧦SUS316
࡮᷷ᐲ࠮ࡦࠨ࡯ᄌ឵࡙࠾࠶࠻
ࠕ࠽ࡠࠣ಴ജ㧦0㨪5V
e.ࠕ࠽ࡠࠣ᳇࿶ᄌ឵ེ PTB210
ࠕ࠽ࡠࠣ಴ജ㧦0㨪5V
㔚Ḯ㧦DC12V
♖ᐲ㧦±0.3hPa
f.࠾࡯࠼࡞ࡃ࡞ࡉ NC-4B
㧔NV㧕
g.ࠛࠕ࡯ࠪ࡝ࡦ࠳࡯᣹㒠ེ㧔਄ਅ࡮Ꮐฝ㧕CDM2KL25-200A‫ޔ‬CY1L20H-450B-A73
㧔A-Y10,A-X11㧕
h.ᚻേࡠ࡯࠲࡝࡯ࡃ࡞ࡉ TSFR-4 㧔Manual㧕
i.ࡃ࡞ࡉ㚟േ↪ࠪ࡯ࠤࡦࠬ࠰ࡈ࠻㧔Timer Pro㧕෸߮೙ᓮ↪ࡄ࠰ࠦࡦ
j.ࡃ࡞ࡉ㚟േ↪ I/O ࡏ࠶ࠢࠬ෸߮ࠛࠕ࡯಴ജࡏ࠶ࠢࠬ
㪉㪄㪉㪄㪉㪅㩷 㩷 䉦䊤䊛㘃㩷
ᧄⵝ⟎ߦ↪޿ߡ޿ࠆࠞ࡜ࡓ㘃ߩ৻ⷩࠍ Table 2-1 ߦ␜ߒ‫ߡ޿ߟߦ⚦⹦ߩߘޔ‬એਅߦ⸥ߔ‫ޕ‬
Table 2-1 Analytical columns used for determination of SF6.
㪮㪸㫋㪼㫉㩷㫍㪸㫇㫆㫉㩷㫉㪼㫄㫆㫅㪸㫃㩷㪚㫆㫃㫌㫄㫅㪑
㪫㫉㪸㫇㫇㫀㫅㪾㩷㪚㫆㫃㫌㫄㫅㪑
㪧㫉㪼㪄㪺㫌㫋㩷㪚㫆㫃㫌㫄㫅㪑
㪞㪚㩷㫄㪸㫀㫅㩷㪺㫆㫃㫌㫄㫅㪑
㪧㪸㪺㫂㫀㫅㪾㩷㪤㪸㫋㪼㫉㫀㪸㫃 㪤㪼㫊㪿
㪣㪼㫅㪾㫋㪿㩿㫄㪀 㪛㫀㪸㫄㪼㫋㪼㫉䇭㩿㫄㫄㪀
䋭
㪇㪅㪈
㪎㪅㪍
㪤㪾㩿㪚㫃㪦㪋㪀㪉
㪧㫆㫉㪸㫇㪸㫂㩷㪨
㪏㪇㪆㪈㪇㪇
㪇㪅㪉
㪉㪅㪉
㪤㪪㪄㪌㪘
㪏㪇㪆㪈㪇㪇
㪇㪅㪊
㪉㪅㪉
㪤㪪㪄㪌㪘
㪏㪇㪆㪈㪇㪇
㪉㪅㪍
㪉㪅㪉
㩷
−7−
気象研究所技術報告 第 51 号 2007
a. ⣕᳇ࠟࠬੇ῎ࠞ࡜ࡓ (Mg(ClO4)2)
ᄖᓘ 3/8 ࠗࡦ࠴ߩࠬ࠹ࡦ࡟ࠬ(SUS-316)▤ 20cm ߦએਅߩᚻ㗅ߢలႯ೷ࠍ౉ࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬
Ԙ ᧃ┵߆ࠄ 5cm ⒟ᐲߪలႯߒߥ޿
ԙ ⍹⧷࠙࡯࡞(ⷫᜰߩ࠷ࡔ⒟ᐲߩ߽ߩࠍ 3 ߟలႯ)
Ԛ ㆊႮ⚛㉄ࡑࠣࡀࠪ࠙ࡓࠍ 10cm ⒟ᐲలႯ
ԛ ⍹⧷࠙࡯࡞(వߣห᭽)
ߎࠇࠍ 2 ߟḰ஻ߒ‫ޔ‬ᶏ᳓⹜ᢱ⚂ 20 ࠨࡦࡊ࡞Ფ㧔1 ᷹ὐߏߣ㧕ߦࡃ࡞ࡉࠍಾࠅ឵߃ߡ↪޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
b. Ớ❗ࠞ࡜ࡓ(TRAP㧒HEAT)
ᄖᓘ 1/8 ࠗࡦ࠴ߩࠬ࠹ࡦ࡟ࠬ▤ 30cm ߦએਅߩᚻ㗅ߢలႯ೷ࠍ౉ࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬
Ԙ ᧃ┵߆ࠄ 5cm ⒟ᐲߪలႯߒߥ޿
ԙ ⍹⧷࠙࡯࡞(ዊᜰߩ࠷ࡔ⒟ᐲߩ߽ߩࠍ 3 ࿁ߦಽߌߡలႯ)
ԛ ޽ࠄ߆ߓ߼⚐⓸⚛ࠟࠬࠍㅢߓߥ߇ࠄ 120͠ߢ 2 ᤨ㑆ࠛ࡯ࠫࡦࠣߒߚ Porapak-Q(80/100mesh)ࠍ 20cm లႯ
Ԝ ⍹⧷࠙࡯࡞㧔వߣห᭽㧕
c. ࡊ࡟ࠞ࠶࠻߅ࠃ߮࠳ࡒ࡯ࠞ࡜ࡓ
ᄖᓘ 1/8 ࠗࡦ࠴ߩࠬ࠹ࡦ࡟ࠬ▤ 40cm ߦએਅߩᚻ㗅ߢలႯࠍⴕ߁‫ޕ‬
Ԙ ᧃ┵߆ࠄ 5cm ⒟ᐲߪలႯߒߥ޿
ԙ ⍹⧷࠙࡯࡞(ዊᜰߩ࠷ࡔ⒟ᐲߩ߽ߩࠍ 3 ࿁ߦಽߌߡߟ߼ࠆ)
Ԛ MS-5A (80/100mesh) 30cm
ԛ ⍹⧷࠙࡯࡞
d. ࡔࠗࡦࠞ࡜ࡓ
ᄖᓘ 1/8 ࠗࡦ࠴ߩࠬ࠹ࡦ࡟ࠬ▤ 300cm ߦએਅߩᚻ㗅ߢలႯߒߡ޿ߊ‫ޕ‬
Ԙ ᧃ┵߆ࠄ 10cm ⒟ᐲߪᧂలႯ
ԙ ⍹⧷࠙࡯࡞(ዊᜰߩ࠷ࡔ⒟ᐲߩ߽ߩࠍ 3 ࿁ߦಽߌߡߟ߼ࠆ)
Ԛ MS-5A (80/100mesh) 260cm
ԛ ⍹⧷࠙࡯࡞
㪉㪄㪉㪄㪊㪅㩷 ቯኈ▤㩷
ᧄⵝ⟎ߦߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢ᳇߅ࠃ߮ᮡḰࠟࠬࠍ৻ቯ㊂ࠍߪ߆ࠅขࠆߚ߼ߩ‫ޔ‬ᄢዊฦ㧝ᧄߕߟߩቯኈ▤㧔LOOP㧕߇⸳ߌࠄ
ࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᄢዊࠍ૶޿ಽߌࠆߎߣߢ‫ޔ‬ᮡḰࠟࠬߢᬌ㊂✢ࠍ૞ᚑߔࠆ㓙ߦ᷹ቯὐࠍࠃࠅ⚦߆ߊߣࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬
ቯኈ▤ߪ‫ޔ‬1/8 ࠗࡦ࠴ߩ SUS316 ࠬ࠹ࡦ࡟ࠬ▤ࠍࠦࠗ࡞⁁ߦᏎ޿ߚ߽ߩࠍᵹ〝ಾࠅ឵߃ࡃ࡞ࡉߦขࠅઃߌߡ૶
↪ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩߘޕ‬ኈ㊂ߪ‫ޔ‬ਛߦ⫳⇐᳓ࠍ౉ࠇߡࡃ࡞ࡉߏߣ㊀㊂ࠍ᷹ቯߒ‫ޔ‬ਛߦ౉ߞߡ޿ࠆ⫳⇐᳓ߩ㊀㊂ࠍ‫ޔ‬᳓᷷‫ޔ‬
᳇᷷߅ࠃ߮᳇࿶ࠍ↪޿ߡ⵬ᱜߒߡቯኈ▤ߩኈ㊂ࠍ 1/1000cm3 ߹ߢ᳿ቯߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
ᧄⵝ⟎ߦขࠅઃߌࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆቯኈ▤ߪ‫ޔ‬20͠‫ޔ‬1atm ߢ
ࠟࠬቯኈ▤㧔ᄢ㧕 3.033cm3
ࠟࠬቯኈ▤㧔ዊ㧕 1.483cm3
ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
ߥ߅‫ޔ‬ቯኈ▤ߦߟ޿ߡߪ‫ޔ‬ᶏᵗ᷹ⷰ╬⃻႐ߢߩ᷹ⷰߩ೨ᓟߦᬌቯࠍⴕ޿ߘߩ୯ࠍ⏕߆߼ߡ߅޿ߚᣇ߇ࠃ޿‫ޕ‬
−8−
気象研究所技術報告 第 51 号 2007
㪉㪄㪉㪄㪋㪅㩷 㩷 䉧䉴䉪䊨䊙䊃䉫䊤䊐㩷
⿥ᓸ㊂ߩ SF6 ߩಽᨆߦߪ‫ޔ‬㔚ሶ᝝₪ဳᬌ಴ེ(Electron Capture Detector, ECD)ઃ߈ߩࠟࠬࠢࡠࡑ࠻ࠣ࡜ࡈ
㧔GC㧕
‫⾰ߪ޿ࠆ޽ޔ‬㊂ಽᨆ⸘ࠟࠬࠢࡠࡑ࠻ࠣ࡜ࡈ(GC-MS)߇↪޿ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ߇‫ ߪߦ⟎ⵝᧄޔ‬ECD ઃ߈ߩࠟࠬࠢ
ࡠࡑ࠻ࠣ࡜ࡈ(ፉᵤ GC-8AECD)ࠍ↪޿ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ECD ߩᬌ಴ේℂߪએਅߩߣ߅ࠅߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ǃ ✢ࠍ᡼಴ߔࠆ᡼኿ᕈ
‛⾰ߩ Ni-63 ࠍ૶↪ߔࠆᬌ಴ེߦ⓸⚛╬ߩࠠࡖ࡝ࠕࠟࠬࠍዉ౉ߔࠆߣ‫⚛⓸ޔ‬ಽሶߪࠗࠝࡦൻߐࠇࠆ‫ߦߎߎޕ‬Ⴎ
⚛‫ࡦࠥࡠࡂߩߤߥ⚛࠶ࡈޔ‬ర⚛ࠍ฽߻᦭ᯏൻว‛߿᦭ᯏ㊄ዻൻว‛߇ࡔࠗࡦࠞ࡜ࡓ╬ߢᚑಽߏߣߦಽ㔌ߐࠇߡ౉
ߞߡߊࠆߣࠗࠝࡦߪߎࠇࠄߩⷫ㔚ሶൻว‛ߦๆ෼ߐࠇ‫ޔ‬ಽሶߦๆ෼ߐࠇߚࠗࠝࡦߪ⾰㊂ࠍჇߔߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ᒙ޿
㔚૏ࠍ߆ߌߡߎߩࠗࠝࡦ㔚ᵹࠍᬌ಴ߔࠆߎߣߢ‫ࡦࠝࠗޔ‬㔚ᵹߩᷫዋ߆ࠄⷫ㔚ሶൻว‛ߩ㊂ࠍᬌ಴ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
ࠟࠬࠢࡠࡑ࠻ࠣ࡜ࡈࠖ࡯ߪ‫ߩ࡯ࠖࡈ࡜ࠣ࠻ࡑࡠࠢޔ‬ਛߢ߽ઍ⴫⊛ߥᚻᴺߢ‫ޔ‬ᄢ߈ߥ㕙Ⓧࠍ᦭ߔࠆ࿕ቯ⋧(లႯ
೷)ߣ‫ߦࠇߎޔ‬ធߒߡᵹࠇࠆ⒖േ⋧(ࠠࡖ࡝ࠕࠟࠬ)ߣߩ㑆ߦಽ㔌ߔߴ߈ᚑಽࠍ‫ޔ‬࿕ቯ⋧ߣߩੑ⋧㑆ಽ㔌(᳇⋧
㧙 ࿕⋧ , ᳇⋧㧙 ᶧ⋧ , ᶧ⋧㧙 ᶧ⋧ , ᶧ⋧㧙࿕⋧╬), ๆ⣕⌕, ࠗࠝࡦ੤឵╬ߩ⋧੕૞↪ࠍ⚻ߡಽ㈩ߐߖࠆ‛
ℂ⊛ᚻᴺߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
ࠢࡠࡑ࠻ࠣ࡜ࡓࠍ⸥㍳ߒ‫ࠢ࡯ࡇޔ‬㕙Ⓧࠍ⸘▚ߔࠆߚ߼ߦ‫ߪߦ⟎ⵝᧄޔ‬ፉᵤ␠⵾ࠗࡦ࠹ࠣ࡟࡯࠲ CR-7A ࠍ↪޿
ߚ‫ޕ‬
㪉㪄㪊㪅㩷 㩷 ⹜ᢱណข㩷
㪉㪄㪊㪄㪈㪅㩷 㩷 ⿥ᓸ㊂ᶏ᳓ṁሽ᳇૕ಽᨆ↪⹜ᢱ↉䉕↪䈇䈢ᶏ᳓⹜ᢱ䈱ណข㩷
SF6 ߪߘߩᄢ᳇ਛỚᐲ߅ࠃ߮ᶏ᳓߳ߩṁ⸃ᐲ߇ߣ߽ߦૐ޿ߩߢ‫ޔ‬ᶏ᳓ਛߦ߅ߌࠆỚᐲߪᭂ߼ߡૐ޿㧔ᦨᄢߢ߽
ᢙ fmol/kg ⒟ᐲ㧕‫⎇ᧄޕ‬ⓥߩ⋡⊛ߣߔࠆ㜞♖ᐲߢૐᬌ಴㒢⇇ࠍ㆐ᚑߔࠆߚ߼ߦߪ‫ޔ‬
a. ࡉ࡜ࡦࠢ୯ࠍᦨዊ㒢ߦߔࠆ
b. ណข߆ࠄಽᨆ߹ߢߩ㑆ߩ⹜ᢱߩᄌ⾰ࠍ㒐ߋ
ߎߣ߇ᔅⷐߣߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ห᭽ߦᶏ᳓ਛỚᐲ߇ૐ޿ CFCs ߩಽᨆ↪⹜ᢱߩណข㧔ࠨࡉࠨࡦࡊ࡝ࡦࠣ㧕ߦߪ‫⵾ࠬ࡜ࠟޔ‬
ᵈ኿╴߇↪޿ࠄࠇߡ߈ߚ‫ߩߎޕ‬೑ὐߪ‫ޔ‬
a. 㜞Ớᐲߩ CFCs ࠍ฽߻ᄢ᳇ߣធ⸅ߒߡᳪᨴߔࠆߎߣߥߊᶏ᳓⹜ᢱࠍណ᳓ེ߆ࠄណข࡮଻ሽߢ߈‫ޔ‬
ಽᨆⵝ⟎ߦዉ౉ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޔ‬
b. ૶ ↪ ណ ข ᓟ ‫ ޔ‬ಽ ᨆ ߦ ଏ ߐ ࠇ ࠆ ߹ ߢ ߩ 㑆 ‫ ޔ‬ᵈ ኿ ╴ ߩ ࡇ ࠬ ࠻ ࡦ ࠍ ベ ࠧ ࡓ ╬ ߢ ട ࿶ ߔ ࠆ ߎ ߣߢ⹜ᢱ߆ࠄߩࠟࠬ㘃ߩ⣕ࠟࠬ߿⹜ᢱߩᾲ⤘ᒛ࡮෼❗ߦ઻߁⹜ᢱ↉ߩ⎕៊ࠍ㒐ߋߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޔ‬
ߎߣߦ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬SF6 ಽᨆߦ㓙ߒߡ߽ࠟ࡜ࠬᵈ኿╴ࠍ↪޿ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ
߈ࠇ߫⦟޿߇‫ޔ‬ᶏ᳓ਛߩ SF6 ߩỚᐲߪ CFCs ࠃࠅ߅ࠃߘ㧟ᩴ߽ૐ
޿ߩߢ‫ࠅࠃޔ‬ᄙߊߩ⹜ᢱࠍಽᨆߦଏߔࠆߎߣ߇ߘߩಽᨆ♖ᐲࠍะ
਄ߐߖࠆ਄ߢᔅⷐਇนᰳߣߥߞߡߊࠆ‫ޕ‬ᄢဳߩࠟ࡜ࠬᵈ኿╴ߪᏒ
⽼ຠߣߒߡሽ࿷ߔࠆ߇‫߽ߡߣޔ‬㜞ଔߥ਄‫ޔ‬ᄢဳߢ޽ࠆߎߣߢߘߩ
ࡂࡦ࠼࡝ࡦࠣߪ㔍ߒߊߥࠆ‫⎇ᧄߢߎߘޕ‬ⓥߢߪ‫ࠬ࡜ࠟޔ‬ᵈ኿╴ߩ
೑ὐࠍߢ߈ࠆ㒢ࠅᵴ↪ߢ߈ࠆᣂߚߥಽᨆ↪⹜ᢱ↉ࠍ૞ᚑߒߚ‫ޕ‬
Figure 2-2 ߦߘߩ᭎⇛࿑ࠍ␜ߔ‫⹜ޕ‬ᢱ↉ߪ৻⥸⊛ߥ 1000cm3 ߩ
⹜ᢱ↉ߦኻߒߡᡷ⦟ࠍᣉߒߚ߽ߩߢ‫ޔ‬
Figure 2-2 Schematic diagram of sample bottle for
measurement of dissolved trace gases.
−9−
.
気象研究所技術報告 第 51 号 2007
a. ↉ߩ਄ਅ㧞▎ᚲߦ࡞ࠕࡠ࠶ࠢဳߩญࠍขࠅઃߌ‫ߦࠇߙࠇߘޔ‬ක≮↪ߦ↪޿ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆਃᣇᵴᩖ(଀
߃߫࠹࡞ࡕ␠⵾࠹࡞ࡈࡘ࡯࡚ࠫࡦਃᣇᵴᩖ L ဳ)ࠍ૶↪
b. ↉ߩ߰ߚߩઍࠊࠅߦࡇࠬ࠻ࡦࠍዉ౉
ߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
ᶏ㕙ਅߩᶏ᳓⹜ᢱߩណขߦߪ CFCs ಽᨆߩ⹜ᢱណขߣห᭽ߦ‫ޔ‬ᄢ ဳ (10L એ ਄ )ߢ ౝ ㇱ ო ߦ ࠹ ࡈ ࡠ ࡦ ࠦ ࡯ ࠹
ࠖ ࡦ ࠣ ࠍ ߶ ߤ ߎ ߒ ߡ ޿ ߥ ޿ ‫ ޔ ߚ ߹ ޔ‬਄ ਅ ߩ ਔ߰ߚߪࠧࡓ▤ߢߪߥߊࠬ࠹ࡦ࡟ࠬ⵾ߩࡃࡀࠍ↪޿ߚ࠾ࠬࠠࡦណ
᳓ེࠍ↪޿ࠆߎߣ߇ᦸ߹ߒ޿‫ޕ‬
࠾ࠬࠠࡦណขེ߆ࠄߩᧄ⎇ⓥߢ૞ᚑߒ૶↪ߒߚಽᨆ↪⹜ᢱ↉߳ߩಽขᚻ㗅ࠍએਅߦ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬
Ԙ ⹜ᢱ↉ߩਅ஥ߩ⛎᳓ឃ᳓ญߣ࠾ࠬࠠࡦណ᳓ེߩឃ᳓ญߪ‫ޔ‬ឃ᳇ߒߥ߇ࠄ 60͠ߢ㧝᥅὾߈಴ߒࠍⴕߞߚ࠲ࠗ
ࠧࡦ࠴ࡘ࡯ࡉ㧔ౝᓘ 7mm㧕ߢធ⛯ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
ԙ ⹜ᢱ↉਄ਅߦขࠅઃߌߚਃᣇᵴᩖࠍ㐿߈‫ࡦࠠࠬ࠾ޔ‬ណ᳓ེࠃࠅ⹜ᢱᶏ᳓ࠍ↉ౝߦዉ౉ߔࠆ‫ߩߘޕ‬㓙‫⹜ޔ‬ᢱ↉
ߩࡇࠬ࠻ࡦߪ᛼ߒㄟ߹ࠇߚ⁁ᘒߦߒߡ߅ߊ‫ޕ‬
Ԛ ᶏ᳓⹜ᢱ߇⹜ᢱ↉ߩ⢋ㄝࠅ߹ߢ᧪ߚࠄ‫⹜ޔ‬ᢱ↉ࠍ௑ߌߡ‫↉ޔ‬਄ㇱ‫ࡦ࠻ࠬࡇߦ․ޔ‬๟ㄝߦᱷߞߚ᳇ᵃࠍ⹜ᢱ↉
਄ߩឃ᳓ญ߆ࠄឃ಴ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
ԛ ↉ౝ߇ᶏ᳓ߢḩߚߐࠇߚࠄ‫ޔ‬ឃ᳓ญߩਃᣇᵴᩖࠍ㐽ߓߡ‫ࡦ࠻ࠬࡇޔ‬ਅㇱ߇⹜ᢱ↉ߩ⢋߹ߢ਄߇ߞߡߊࠆ߹ߢ
ᓙߟ‫ޕ‬
Ԝ ߘߩᓟ‫⹜ޔ‬ᢱ↉਄஥ਃᣇᵴᩖࠍ㐿߈‫ࠍࡦ࠻ࠬࡇޔ‬᛼ߒㄟࠎߢട࿶ߒ‫ޔ‬ᶏ᳓ࠍឃ಴ߐߖࠆ‫ޕ‬
ԝ ࡇࠬ࠻ࡦࠍ᛼ߒಾߞߚࠄ‫ޔ‬ౣ߮਄஥ਃᣇᵴ✢ࠍ㐽ߓߡᶏ᳓ࠍḩߚߒߡ޿߈‫ࡦ࠻ࠬࡇޔ‬ਅㇱ߇⹜ᢱ↉ߩ⢋ߦߥ
ࠆߩࠍᓙߟ‫ޕ‬
Ԟ ԛԜԝԛߩ㗅ߦᠲ૞ࠍ➅ࠅ㄰ߒߚᓟ‫ࠍࡦ࠻ࠬࡇޔ‬࿕ቯߒ‫ޔ‬਄஥ਃᣇᵴᩖࠍ㐿޿ߡ‫ޔ‬ᶏ᳓⹜ᢱࠍࠝ࡯ࡃ࡯ࡈࡠ
࡯ߐߖࠆ‫ޕ‬
ԟ߅ࠃߘ㧝L ߩᶏ᳓ࠍࠝ࡯ࡃ࡯ࡈࡠ࡯ߐߖߚᓟ‫ޔ‬਄஥ਃᣇᵴᩖ‫ޔ‬ਅ஥ਃᣇᵴᩖߩ㗅ߦᩖࠍ㐽ߓߡ‫ࡦࠠࠬ࠾ޔ‬ណ᳓
ེߣ❬޿ߛ࠴ࡘ࡯ࡉࠍߪߕߔ‫ޕ‬
Ԡࡇࠬ࠻ࡦ਄ㇱߣ⹜ᢱ↉ਅㇱߣߩ㑆ߦベࠧࡓࠍ߆ߌߡ⹜ᢱಽᨆ߹ߢߩ㑆ߩ⣕ࠟࠬࠍ㒐ߋߚ߼ߦട࿶ߒ‫ࡦ࠻ࠬࡇޔ‬
ߣࠪ࡝ࡦ࠳࡯ߩ㑆ߢߩ⹜ᢱᶏ᳓ߣߩᄢ᳇ߣߩធ⸅ࠍㆱߌࠆߚ߼ߦ⴫㕙ᶏ᳓ߢḩߚߒߚኈེౝߦ⹜ᢱ↉ࠍ଻ሽߔ
ࠆ‫ޕ‬
㪉㪄㪊㪄㪉㪅㩷 㩷 ᄢ᳇⹜ᢱ䈱ណข㩷
ᄢ᳇⹜ᢱࠍណขߔࠆߦߪ‫ޔ‬
a. ⋥ធࡐࡦࡊߢᄢ᳇ࠍಽ㔌Ớ❗ⵝ⟎ߦዉ౉ߔࠆᣇᴺ
b. ࡈ࡜ࠬࠦ╬ߦട࿶⁁ᘒߢណขߔࠆᣇᴺ
╬߇޽ࠆ߇‫ߪߢߎߎޔ‬ᄢដ߆ࠅߥⵝ⟎߿㔚Ḯࠍᔅⷐߣߒߥ޿ࠟ࡜ࠬᵈ኿╴ߦࠃࠆណขᴺߦㅀߴࠆ‫ ߪౕེޕ‬100cm3
ࠟ࡜ࠬ⵾ᵈ኿╴ߣਃᣇᵴᩖߢ‫ޔ‬㘑ะ߈ࠍ⠨ᘦߒߡੱᎿ‛╬ߦࠃࠆᳪᨴߩᓇ㗀ࠍฃߌߥ޿ߣߎࠈ㧔ߚߣ߃߫⥶⿛ਛ
ߩ⦁㚂ߥߤ㧕ߢᢙᐲࡇࠬ࠻ࡦࠍ᛼ߒᒁ߈ߔࠇ߫ࠃ޿‫ޕ‬
ᶏ᳓⹜ᢱ߅ࠃ߮ᄢ᳇⹜ᢱߣ߽ߦ‫ޔ‬ណขᓟߪߢ߈ࠆߛߌᣧߊಽᨆߦଏߔࠆߎߣ߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
− 10 −
気象研究所技術報告 第 51 号 2007
㪉㪄㪋㪅㩷 㩷 ಽᨆᚻ㗅㩷
㪉㪄㪋㪄㪈㪅㩷 㩷 ಽᨆ᧦ઙ䈱⸳ቯ㩷
a. ಄ᶎ߅ࠃ߮ḡᶎ
(಄ᶎ) ࠛ࠲ࡁ࡯࡞ࠍ౉ࠇߚࠫࡘࠕ࡯↉ߦ಄ළེߩ಄ළㇱࠍ౉ࠇ‫߇࡞࡯ࡁ࠲ࠛޔ‬-70͠એਅߣߥࠆࠃ߁⺞ᢛߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
(ḡᶎ) ᳓ࠍ౉ࠇߚࠫࡘࠕ࡯↉ߦࠬ࡜ࠗ࠳࠶ࠢ㔚࿶⺞ᢛེࠍ੺ߒߚᛩㄟߺࡅ࡯࠲࡯ࠍ౉ࠇ‫ޔ‬᳓߇ 80͠ߣߥࠆࠃ߁
⺞ᢛߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
b. ࠟࠬࠢࡠࡑ࠻ࠣ࡜ࡈߩ⺞ᢛ
ᧄࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩ႐ว‫ᧄࡈ࡜ࠣ࠻ࡑࡠࠢࠬࠟޔ‬૕ߢ⋥ធࠠࡖ࡝ࠕࠟࠬᵹ㊂ߩ⺞ᢛࠍⴕߥߞߡ޿ࠆࠊߌߢߪߥ޿ߩߢ‫ޔ‬
ࠟࠬࠢࡠࡑ࠻ࠣ࡜ࡈߦߟ޿ߡᚒ‫⺞߁ߥⴕ߇ޘ‬ᢛߪ‫ࡦࡉ࡯ࠝޔ‬ㇱ߅ࠃ߮࠺ࠖ࠹ࠢ࠲ㇱߩ᷷ᐲߩ⺞ᢛߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
߹ߕ‫ࠍࡓ࡜ࠞࡦࠗࡔ߇ࠬࠟࠕ࡝ࡖࠠޔ‬ㅢߒߡࠟࠬࠢࡠࡑ࠻ࠣ࡜ࡈߩ࠺ࠖ࠹ࠢ࠲ߦଏ⛎ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍࠟࠬࠢࡠࡑ
࠻ࠣ࡜ࡈߩࠠࡖ࡝ࠕࡌࡦ࠻߆ࠄߩࡈࡠ࡯ߢ⏕⹺ߒߚߩߜ‫ᧄࡈ࡜ࠣ࠻ࡑࡠࠢࠬࠟޔ‬૕ߩ㔚Ḯࠍ౉ࠇࠆ‫ࡦࡉ࡯ࠝޕ‬ㇱ
ߩ࠼ࠕ߇㐽ߓߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍ⏕⹺ߒߡ‫ࡦࡉ࡯ࠝޔ‬ㇱߩ᷷ᐲࠍ 65͠ߦ⸳ቯߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ᢙಽࠝ࡯ࡉࡦㇱߩ᷷ᐲ߇਄᣹ߔࠆ
ߩࠍᓙߞߡ߆ࠄ‫࠲ࠢ࠹ࠖ࠺ޔ‬ㇱߩ᷷ᐲࠍ 330͠ߦ⸳ቯߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
c. ࠠࡖ࡝ࠕࠟࠬᵹ㊂ߩ⺞ᢛ
ࠠࡖ࡝ࠕࠟࠬᵹ㊂ߪ‫ޔ‬ಽᨆ♖ᐲߦ߹ߢᓇ㗀ࠍ߅ࠃ߷ߒᓧࠆ߽ߩߥߩߢ‫ߦߊߣޔ‬ᵈᗧߒߡ⺞ᢛߔߴ߈ߢ޽ࠆ‫ࠪᧄޕ‬
ࠬ࠹ࡓߩ႐ว‫ޔ‬ᵹ㊂ߩ⺞ᢛߪࡑࠬࡈࡠ࡯ࠦࡦ࠻ࡠ࡯࡜ ( MFC) ߣ࿶ജ⺞ᢛེ( PR-2 , 3, 4, 5 ) ߢⴕߥ߁ࠃ߁ߦߥ
ߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
(c-1) ࠠࡖ࡝ࠕࠟࠬ⺞࿶ེ
ࠠࡖ࡝ࠕࠟࠬߩଏ⛎࿶ജߪ 0.6㨪0.7M Pa (ੑᰴ࿶)ߣߔࠆ‫ߩࡌࡦࡏޕ‬ᱷ࿶߇ 2M Pa ⒟ᐲ(৻ᰴ࿶)ߦߥߞߚࠄ‫ޔ‬ㅦ
߿߆ߦࡏࡦࡌࠍ੤឵ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
(c-2) PR-1 ᵹ〝ߩ⺞ᢛ
PR-1 ᵹ〝ߪ⹜ᢱ᳓߆ࠄ⋡⊛ߣߔࠆ SF6 ࠍ⣕᳇ߔࠆߚ߼ߦ↪޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬PR-1 ߩᵹ〝ㅜਛߦ⸳ߌࠄࠇߚ MFC ߦࠃࠅ
⥄േ⊛ߦᵹ㊂߇⺞ᢛߐࠇ‫ߦ․ޔ‬㊀ⷐߣߥࠆ⣕᳇ᵹ㊂ࠍᏱߦ৻ቯߦ଻ߟࠃ߁⸳⸘ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬PR-1 ߪߘߩࠥ࡯ࠫ
ߢ 250kPa ⒟ᐲߦട࿶ߒ‫ޔ‬MFC ߦࠃࠅ 200cm3/min ߦ⺞ᢛߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
(c-3) PR-2 ߩ⺞ᢛ
ߎߩᵹ〝ߪ⹜ᢱ↉ਛߩᶏ᳓ࠍ⣕᳇╴ߦዉߊߚ߼ߦ↪޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬PR-2 ߩ࿶ജࠥ࡯ࠫߢ 200kPa ߦߥࠆࠃ߁⸳ቯߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
(c-4) PR-3 ߩ⺞ᢛ
࿑ਛ A6P7 ߣ A4P8 ߇㤥‫ޔ‬A6P9 ߇⊕ߩᵹ〝ߢࠟࠬ߇ᵹࠇࠆࠃ߁ࡃ࡞ࡉࠍಾࠅᦧ߃ߚ⁁ᘒߢ‫ࡊ࠶࡜࠻ߦࠄߐޔ‬
ࠞ࡜ࡓࠍḡᶎߦߟߌߚ⁁ᘒߢࠟࠬࠢࡠࡑ࠻ࠣ࡜ࡓ߆ࠄߩឃ᳇ᵹ㊂߇ 40cm3/min ߣߥࠆࠃ߁ PR-3 ࠍ⺞ᢛߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
(c-5) PR-4 ߩ⺞ᢛ
A6P7‫ޔ‬A4P8 ߅ࠃ߮ A6P9 ߇޿ߕࠇ߽㤥㧔⥄േࡃ࡞ࡉࠍ৻ಾᠲ૞ߒߥ޿⁁ᘒ㧕ߩᵹ〝ߢ‫࡜ࠣ࠻ࡑࡠࠢࠬࠟޔ‬
ࡓ߆ࠄߩឃ᳇ᵹ㊂߇ 40cm3/min ߣߥࠆࠃ߁ PR-4 ࠍ⺞ᢛߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
PR-3 ߅ࠃ߮ PR-4 ߩ⺞ᢛ߇ਇචಽߛߣ⹜ᢱࠟࠬ߇࠺ࠖ࠹ࠢ࠲ߦ౉ߞߡ޿ࠆᦨਛߦࠟࠬᵹ㊂߇ᄌࠊߞߡߒ߹߁
ߎߣߣߥࠅ‫⺞ߩߎߦ․ޔߢߩࠆߥߦߣߎߔੂࠍࡦࠗ࡜ࠬ࡯ࡌߩࡓ࡜ࠣ࠻ࡑࡠࠢޔ‬ᢛߪᵈᗧᷓߊⴕߥ߁ᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
(c-6) PR-5 ߩ⺞ᢛ
PR-5 ߩᵹ〝ߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢ᳇ਛߦሽ࿷ߔࠆ SF6 ߇᜛ᢔߦࠃߞߡࡃ࡞ࡉߩࡠ࡯࠲࡯ࠍㅢߓ‫ࠬࠟޔ‬ᵹ〝߿ࠨࡦࡊ࡞ਛߦᷙ౉ߔࠆߎ
ߣࠍ㒐ߋߚ߼ߩᄖ᳇ㆤᢿ↪ࡄ࡯ࠫᵹ〝߳ߣᵹࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬PR-5 ߩ࿶ജߪ‫ޔ‬10kPa ⒟ᐲߣߒ‫ޔ‬ᵹ〝⚳┵ߩ࠾࡯࠼࡞ࡃ࡞ࡉߢ
− 11 −
気象研究所技術報告 第 51 号 2007
10mL/min ⒟ᐲߦ⺞ᢛߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
(c-7) ᮡḰࠟࠬߩଏ⛎
ᮡḰࠟࠬߪੑᰴ࿶ 0.3M Pa ⒟ᐲߢଏ⛎ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
ࠠࡖ࡝ࠕࠟࠬࠍή㚝ߦᶖ⾌ߔࠆߎߣࠍ㒐ߋߚ߼‫ޔ‬ಽᨆࠍⴕߥߞߡ޿ߥ޿ߣ߈ߪ NV-1, NV-2 ߅ࠃ߮ NV-3 ߢ VENT1,
VENT5 ߅ࠃ߮ VENT6 ߆ࠄߩᵹ㊂ࠍ 10cm3/min ⒟ᐲߦᛥ߃ߡ߅ߊߣࠃ޿‫ߦ࠲ࠢ࠹ࠖ࠺ޔߒߛߚޕ‬ଏ⛎ߔࠆࠟࠬᵹ
㊂ߪಽᨆࠍⴕߞߡ޿ߥ޿ߣ߈ߢ޽ߞߡ߽ 40 cm3/min ߦ଻ߞߡ߅޿ߚᣇ߇ࠃ޿‫ޕ‬
d. ࠲ࠗࡓࠪ࡯ࠤࡦࠬ
Table 2-2 ߦ‫ޔ‬ᶏ᳓⹜ᢱಽᨆߦߟ޿ߡߩ⥄േࡃ࡞ࡉߩ೙ᓮߣࠗࡦ࠹ࠣ࡟࡯࠲ࠍࠬ࠲࡯࠻ߐߖࠆࠬࠤࠫࡘ࡯࡞㧔࠲
ࠗࡓࠪ࡯ࠤࡦࠬ㧕ࠍ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬
Table 2-2 Time program for SF6 determination for seawater sample.
㪥㫆㪅 㪘㪪㪫㪇㪈 㪘㪪㪫㪇㪉 㪪㪪㪫㪇㪊 㪪㪪㪫㪇㪋 㪘㪪㪫㪇㪌 㪘㪏㪧㪇㪍 㪘㪍㪧㪇㪎 㪘㪋㪧㪇㪏 㪘㪍㪧㪇㪐 㪘㪄㪰㪈㪇 㪘㪄㪯㪈㪈 㪞㪚㪈㪉 㪘㪪㪫㪈㪊 㪘㪋㪩㪈㪋
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㪦㫇㪼㫅 㪚 㫃㫆㫊㪼
䃂
䂾
䃂
䃂
㸣
㸠
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪏
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪚 㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪦㫇㪼㫅
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
䃂
䂾
䃂
䃂
㸣
㸠
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪐
㪦 㫇㪼㫅
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪦㫇㪼㫅
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
䃂
䂾
䃂
䃂
㸣
㸠
㪈㪇
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪦㫇㪼㫅
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䃂
䂾
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䃂
㸣
㸠
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪈㪈
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪦 㫇㪼㫅
㪦㫇㪼㫅
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
䃂
䂾
䃂
䃂
㸣
㸠
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪈㪉
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪦㫇㪼㫅 㪚 㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
䃂
䂾
䃂
䃂
㸣
㸠
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪈㪊
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪦 㫇㪼㫅
㪦㫇㪼㫅
䃂
䂾
䃂
䃂
㸣
㸠
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪈㪋
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪦㫇㪼㫅 㪚 㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
䃂
䂾
䃂
䃂
㸣
㸠
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪈㪌
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪦㫇㪼㫅
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
䃂
䂾
䃂
䃂
㸣
㸠
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪈㪍
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪦㫇㪼㫅
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
䃂
䂾
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䃂
㸣
㸠
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪦 㫇㪼㫅
㪈㪎
㪦 㫇㪼㫅
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪦㫇㪼㫅
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
䃂
䂾
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㸠
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪈㪏
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪦㫇㪼㫅
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
䃂
䂾
䃂
䃂
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㪈㪐
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪚 㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
䃂
䂾
䃂
䃂
㸣
㸠
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪉㪇
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪦 㫇㪼㫅
䃂
䂾
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䃂
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㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
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䃂
䂾
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㸢
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
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㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪦 㫇㪼㫅
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪦㫇㪼㫅
䃂
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㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
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䃂
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㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
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㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪚 㫃㫆㫊㪼
䃂
䂾
䂾
䃂
㸣
㸠
㪉㪌
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
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㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
䃂
䂾
䂾
䃂
㸣
㸠
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
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㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪦㫇㪼㫅
㪦㫇㪼㫅
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
䃂
䂾
䂾
䃂
㸡
㸠
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪉㪎
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪦㫇㪼㫅
㪦㫇㪼㫅
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
䃂
䂾
䂾
䃂
㸡
㸢
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㪉㪏
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪦㫇㪼㫅
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㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
䃂
䂾
䂾
䃂
㸣
㸢
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪉㪐
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪦㫇㪼㫅
㪦㫇㪼㫅
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
䃂
䂾
䂾
䂾
㸣
㸢
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪊㪇
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪦㫇㪼㫅
㪦㫇㪼㫅
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
䃂
䃂
䂾
䂾
㸣
㸢
㪊㪈
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
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㪦㫇㪼㫅
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
䃂
䃂
䂾
䂾
㸣
㸢
㪊㪉
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪦㫇㪼㫅
㪦㫇㪼㫅
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
䃂
䃂
䃂
䂾
㸣
㸢
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪊㪊
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪦㫇㪼㫅
㪦㫇㪼㫅
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪦 㫇㪼㫅
䃂
䃂
䃂
䂾
㸣
㸢
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪪㫋㪸㫉㫋
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪊㪋
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪦㫇㪼㫅 㪚 㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪦㫇㪼㫅
䃂
䃂
䃂
䂾
㸣
㸢
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪊㪌
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪦㫇㪼㫅
㪦㫇㪼㫅
䃂
䃂
䃂
䃂
㸣
㸢
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼 㪚㫃㫆㫊㪼
− 12 −
気象研究所技術報告 第 51 号 2007
㪉㪄㪋㪄㪉㪅㩷 㩷 ᶏ᳓⹜ᢱ䈱ಽᨆ㩷
ᧄⵝ⟎ߢߪ‫⹜ޔ‬ᢱಽᨆߪ㜞ᐲߦ⥄േൻߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߩߢ‫⹜ޔߪߢߎߎޔ‬ᢱਛߩ SF6 ߇ⵝ⟎ߩਛߢ‫ߦ߁ࠃߩߤޔ‬
ಽ㔌‫ޔ‬Ớ❗ߐࠇᦨ⚳⊛ߦᬌ಴ེߢᬌ಴ߐࠇߡ޿ߊߩ߆ߩᵹࠇࠍ⏕⹺ߒߡ޿ߊ‫ޕ‬
ߥ߅‫ࠬࡦࠤ࡯ࠪޔ‬૞േ೨ߩᵹ〝ߪ‫ޔ‬Figure 2-1 ਛߢ‫࡯ࠕࠛޔ‬㚟േࡃ࡞ࡉߦߟ޿ߡߪ㤥஥ᵹ〝‫ ߚ߹ޔ‬AST‫ޔ‬SST
㔚⏛ᑯߪ‫ޟ‬NO‫ޟ߫ࠇ޿ߡࠇߐ⸥ߣޠ‬㐿᡼‫ޔޠ‬
‫ޟ‬NC‫ޟ߫ࠇ޿ߡࠇߐ⸥ߣޠ‬㐽㎮‫⁁ߩޠ‬ᘒߦ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
Ԙ ᶏ᳓⹜ᢱ↉ߩ਄ߣਅߦขࠅઃߌࠄࠇߚ࡞ࠕࡠ࠶ࠢဳਃᣇᵴᩖࠍߘࠇߙࠇ PR-2 ᵹ〝ߩ਄ᵹ஥ߣਅᵹ஥ߦធ⛯
ߒ‫ޔ‬ਃᣇᵴᩖࠍᵹ〝஥ߦ㐿᡼ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
ԙ ḡᶎ஥ߦ޽ߞߚ࠻࡜࠶ࡊࠞ࡜ࡓ߇಄ᶎ஥ߦ⒖ߐࠇ‫ޔ‬⣕᳇ߐࠇߚ SF6 ߇࠻࡜࠶ࡊࠞ࡜ࡓ߳ߣዉ߆ࠇỚ❗ߐࠇ
ࠆḰ஻߇ᢛ߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬
Ԛ ߟߠ޿ߡ SST4 㔚⏛ᑯࠍ㐿᡼‫ޔ‬AST5‫ޔ‬AST2 ࠍ㐽㎮ߒߚߩߜ‫ޔ‬AST1 ࠍ㐿᡼ߒߡ⹜ᢱ↉ਛߩᶏ᳓⹜ᢱࠍ PR-2
߆ࠄߩ㜞⚐ᐲ N2 ࠟࠬߣࡇࠬ࠻ࡦߩ࿶ജߢ⣕᳇╴߳ߣዉߊ‫ޕ‬⣕᳇╴ߩ਄ㇱߦߪ᳓㕙࠮ࡦࠨ࡯߇⸳⟎ߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬
ᶏ᳓⹜ᢱ߇৻ቯ㊂ዉ౉ߐࠇࠆߣ AST1 ᑯ߇㐽㎮ߐࠇ‫ޔ‬ᶏ᳓ዉ౉߇ᱛ߹ࠆ‫ޕ‬
ԛ ⣕᳇╴ߩ౒ᵞ޿ߩߚ߼‫ޔ‬SST3 ߣ AST2 ᑯࠍ޿ߞߚࠎ㐿᡼ߒߡ⹜ᢱࠍᑄ᫈ߒ‫ޔ‬ౣᐲ⣕᳇╴ߦ⹜ᢱࠍዉ౉‫ޔ‬
ቯ㊂ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
Ԝ ዉ౉ᓟ‫ޔ‬SST4 ࠍ㐽㎮‫ޔ‬AST5 ࠍ㐿᡼‫ޔ‬A6P7 ࠍ⊕ᵹ〝ߦߒߡ‫ޔ‬AST2 ࠍ㐿᡼ߔࠇ߫ PR-1 ߆ࠄߩ㜞⚐ᐲ N2
ࠟࠬߢᶏ᳓⹜ᢱߩ⣕᳇ࠍ㐿ᆎߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
ԝ 㧢ಽ㑆ߩ⣕᳇ߩᓟ‫ޔ‬A4P8 ࡃ࡞ࡉࠍ⊕ᵹ〝ߦಾ឵‫ߩࡓ࡜ࠞࡊ࠶࡜࠻ޔ‬㐽㎮♽ࠍ⏕଻ߒ‫ߪࡓ࡜ࠞࡊ࠶࡜࠻ޔ‬಄
ᶎ߆ࠄḡᶎߦ⒖ߒߡ‫ޔ‬หᤨߦ⣕᳇╴ౝߩ⣕᳇ᷣߺߩᶏ᳓⹜ᢱࠍ SST3 ߆ࠄᑄ᫈ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
Ԟ A6P9 ࠍ⊕ᵹ〝‫ޔ‬A6P7 ࠍ㤥ᵹ〝ߦಾ឵‫ޔࡈ࡜ࠣ࠻ࡑࡠࠢࠬࠟࠄ߆ࡓ࡜ࠞࡊ࠶࡜࠻ޔ‬ᬌ಴ེ߳ߣ SF6 ߩᵹ〝
ߩḰ஻ࠍᢛ߃ߚᓟ‫ ࠍ࠲࡯࡟ࠣ࠹ࡦࠗޔ‬Start ߐߖߡ‫ޔ‬A4P8 ࠍ㤥ᵹ〝ߣߒ‫ޔ‬SF6 ࠍᬌ಴ེ߳ߣዉߊ‫ޕ‬
ԟ SF6 ߇ߔߴߡࡊ࡟ࠞ࡜ࡓࠍㅢㆊߒߚᤨὐߢ A6P9 ࠍ㤥ᵹ〝ߦಾ឵‫଻ޔ‬ᜬᤨ㑆ߩ㐳޿㕖⋡⊛ᚑಽࠍ NV-2 ߆ࠄ
ឃ᳇ߒ‫৻ޔ‬ㅪߩಽᨆᠲ૞ߪ⚳ੌߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
1 ⹜ᢱ޽ߚࠅߩಽᨆߦⷐߔࠆᤨ㑆ߪ‫ ⚂ޔ‬12 ಽ⒟ᐲߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
㪉㪄㪋㪄㪊㪅㩷 㩷 ᄢ᳇䈍䉋䈶ᮡḰ䉧䉴⹜ᢱ䈱ಽᨆ㩷
ᄢ᳇⹜ᢱ㧔Air㧕‫ޔ‬ᮡḰࠟࠬ⹜ᢱ㧔Std㧕޽ࠆ޿ߪࡉ࡜ࡦࠢࠟࠬ㧔Blank㧕ߪ‫ޔ‬A4R14 ߣ㧠ᣇᚻേࡃ࡞ࡉ
㧔Manual㧕߆ࠄዉ౉ߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ᮡḰࠟࠬ෸߮㜞⚐ᐲ N2 ࠟࠬࠍߐࠄߦᵺൻߒߚࡉ࡜ࡦࠢࠟࠬߪട࿶ኽ౉ߐࠇ
ߚࡏࡦࡌ߆ࠄଏ⛎ߐࠇࠆߩߢ‫ߩࠇߙࠇߘޔ‬ᵹ〝ࠍㆬᛯߒ‫ޔ‬AST13 ᑯࠍ㐿᡼ߔࠇ߫‫ޔ‬A8P6 ࡃ࡞ࡉߦขࠅઃ
ߌߚࠟࠬቯ㊂▤㧔LOOP㧕߳ߣዉ߆ࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬100mL ࠟ࡜ࠬᵈ኿╴ߢᓧࠄࠇߚᄢ᳇⹜ᢱߪࡇࠬ࠻ࡦࠍ᛼ߒߡቯ
㊂▤߳ዉ౉ߐࠇࠆ‫߽ࠬࠟߩࠇߕ޿ޕ‬ㅜਛߩ㒰Ḩ▤
Mg(ClO4)2ࠍㅢߞߡ㒰Ḩߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬A8P6 ߦߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢዊ㧞⒳
㘃ߩቯ㊂▤߇ขࠅઃߌࠄࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬ㆡᒰߥ߽ߩࠍㆬᛯߒߡ૶↪ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬
Ԙ A4R14 ࡃ࡞ࡉ෸߮ 4 ᣇᚻേࡃ࡞ࡉߢ૶↪ߔࠆࠟࠬ⹜ᢱࠍㆬᛯߒߚᓟ‫ޕࠆߖߐ࠻࡯࠲ࠬࠍࠬࡦࠤ࡯ࠪޔ‬
ԙ AST13 ᑯ߇ 10 ⑽㑆㐿᡼ߒ‫⹜ࠬࠟޔ‬ᢱ߇ࠟࠬቯ㊂▤ࠍḩߚߔ‫ޕ‬AST13 ࠍ㐽㎮ߒߡ߽‫ޔ‬ਅᵹ஥߇ᄢ᳇ߦ
㐿᡼ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߩߢ‫ޔ‬ቯ㊂▤ౝߩࠟࠬ⹜ᢱߪ৻ቯᤨ㑆㧔30 ⑽㧕ᓟ‫ޔ‬ᄢ᳇࿶߇㆐ᚑߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬
Ԛ ᄢ᳇࿶߇⏕଻ߐࠇࠆ߹ߢߩ㑆‫ࠍࡓ࡜ࠞࡊ࠶࡜࠻ޔ‬ḡᶎ߆ࠄ಄ᶎߦ⒖ߒ‫ ߚ߹ޔ‬A6P7 ࡃ࡞ࡉࠍ⊕ᵹ〝ߦಾ
ࠅ឵߃ߡ‫ޔ‬SF6 ࠍ࠻࡜࠶ࡊࠞ࡜ࡓ߳ߣዉߊḰ஻ࠍᢛ߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬
ԛ A8P6 ࡃ࡞ࡉࠍಾࠅ឵߃ࠆߣ‫ޔ‬ቯ㊂▤ౝߩࠟࠬ⹜ᢱ߇࠻࡜࠶ࡊࠞ࡜ࡓ߳ߣዉ߆ࠇ SF6 ߇Ớ❗ߐࠇࠆ‫ߎޕ‬
ߩߣ߈ߩᄢ᳇࿶ߣ᳇᷷ࠍ‫ޔ‬᳇࿶ߦߟ޿ߡߪ±0.2hPa એਅ‫ޔ‬᳇᷷ߦߟ޿ߡߪ±0.05͠એਅߩ♖ᐲߢ⺒ߺߣࠅ‫ޔ‬ቯ㊂
− 13 −
気象研究所技術報告 第 51 号 2007
▤ౝߩࠟࠬ⾰㊂ࠍ⸘▚ߦࠃࠅ᳞߼ࠆ‫ޕ‬
એਅ‫ޔ‬ᶏ᳓⹜ᢱߣห᭽ߦ‫ߢࡓ࡜ࠞࡊ࠶࡜࠻ޔ‬Ớ❗ߐࠇߚ SF6 ߥߤߪ‫ ࡓ࡜ࠞ࡟ࡊޔ‬, ࡔࠗࡦࠞ࡜ࡓࠍㅢࠅ‫ޔ‬ECD
࠺ࠖ࠹ࠢ࠲ߦ౉ࠆߎߣߣߥࠆ‫ޕ‬
㪉㪄㪋 㪄㪋㪅㩷 ᄢ ᳇ 䈍 䉋䈶ᶏ ᳓ ਛ 䈱 㪪㪝 㪍 Ớ ᐲ 䈱▚ ಴ 㩷
Figure 2-3 ߦߪ‫ߢ⟎ⵝᧄޔ‬ᓧࠄࠇߚ SF6 ߩࠢࡠࡑ࠻ࠣ࡜ࡈࠍ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬ᓟㅀߔࠆಽᨆ᧦ઙߩਅߢߪ߅ࠃߘ 1.5 ಽߢ
SF6 ߩࡇ࡯ࠢ߇ᬌ಴ߐࠇࠆ‫ߩࠢ࡯ࡇߩߎޕ‬㕙Ⓧࠍࠗࡦ࠹ࠣ࡟࡯࠲ߢ⸘▚ߐߖ‫ߦߣ߽ࠍࠇߘޔ‬ᄢ᳇ਛ޽ࠆ޿ߪᶏ᳓
ਛߩ SF6 ߩỚᐲࠍ▚಴ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
↪޿ߚቯኈ▤ߩኈ㊂ࠍ V㧔cm3㧕‫ޔ‬ቯኈᤨߩ᳇࿶߅ࠃ߮᳇᷷ࠍ P㧔hPa㧕߅ࠃ߮ T㧔͠㧕‫ߚ߹ޔ‬㧟┨ߢㅀߴࠆᬌ
㊂✢ߦࠃࠅ᳞߼ࠄࠇߚቯኈߐࠇߚ⹜ᢱߩ mol ᢙࠍ㧔M㧕߅ߊߣ‫ޔ‬ᄢ᳇ਛߩ SF6 Ớᐲ㧔PSF6air㧕ߪ
PSF6air (ppt) = M×22.4×103 /㨧V ×(1013.25 / P×293.15 / (273.15 + T))㨩×1012
ߣ⴫ߔߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬
߹ߚ‫ޔ‬ᶏ᳓ਛߩ SF6 Ớᐲߪ‫ޔ‬ᶏ᳓㧝kg ߦ฽߹ࠇࠆ mol ᢙߣߒߡ⴫ߔߎߣߦߥߞߡ޿ࠆߩߢ‫ޔ‬ᶏ᳓ߩኒᐲࠍ㨐
ߣ߅ߊߣ‫ޔ‬ᶏ᳓ਛߩỚᐲ㨇SF6㨉ߪ
㨇SF6㨉(fmol/kg) = M / V / d ×1015
ߢ⴫ߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬
Figure 2-3 Effect of trapping time on SF6 recoveries.
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㪉㪄㪌㪅㩷 㩷 ಽᨆ᧦ઙ䈱᳿ቯ㩷
SF6 ߩಽᨆߦ㒢ࠄߕ‫ޔ‬ಽ㔌࡮Ớ❗(Trap and Purge)ࠍ↪޿ߚࠟࠬࠢࡠࡑ࠻ࠣ࡜ࡈᴺߦ߅޿ߡߪᔅߕ᳿ቯߒߥߌ
ࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿ಽᨆ᧦ઙ߇޿ߊߟ߆ሽ࿷ߔࠆ‫⊛⋡߃ߣߚޔߪࠇߘޕ‬ᚑಽ߇หߓߢ޽ߞߚߣߒߡ߽‫߼⹣ߩࡓ࡜ࠞޔ‬
ౕว߿లႯ೷ߩࠛ࡯ࠫࡦࠣߩ઀ᣇ‫ߚߒߣߞࠂߜޔ‬⣕᳇╴߿㈩▤ߩᒻ⁁ߥߤߦࠃߞߡᓸᅱߦᄌࠊࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
Purge and Trap ᴺߦ߅޿ߡቯ㊂⊛ߦಽᨆࠍⴕ߁ߚ߼ߦᔅⷐߥߎߣߪ‫ࠍߡߴߔޟޔ‬಴ߒಾࠅ(purge)‫ࠍߡߴߔޔ‬᝝
߹߃(trap)‫ࠍߡߴߔޔ‬ᬌ಴ེߦዉ౉ߔࠆ‫ߪߢߎߎޕࠆ޽ߢߣߎޠޕ‬೎ߩࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߢಽᨆࠍⴕߥ߁ߣ߈ߩෳ⠨ߣߢ
߈ࠆࠃ߁‫ࠅߚ޽ߦࠆߔ↪૶ࠍࡓ࠹ࠬࠪᧄޔ‬ಽᨆ᧦ઙࠍ᳿ቯߒߚᣇᴺࠍ⸥ߔ‫ޕ‬
ߥ߅‫ߩࡊ࠶࡜࠻ޔ‬಄ළ߅ࠃ߮ട᷷᷷ᐲ(-70͠߅ࠃ߮ 80͠)‫ࡓ࡜ࠞ࡟ࡊޔ‬᷷ᐲ߅ࠃ߮ࡔࠗࡦࠞ࡜ࡓ᷷ᐲ(65͠)‫ޔ‬
ࠟࠬࠢࡠࡑ࠻ࠣ࡜ࡈ࠺ࠖ࠹ࠢ࠲᷷ᐲ(330͠)‫ޔ‬⣕᳇ᵹ㊂(200cm3/min)߅ࠃ߮ࠟࠬࠢࡠࡑ࠻ࠣ࡜ࡈᵹ㊂(40cm3/min)
ߩ߶߆‫ࡓ࡜ࠞࠆ޿↪ޔ‬㘃ߩ᧦ઙ㧔Table 2-1㧕ߦߟ޿ߡߪ Wanninkhof et al. (1991)‫ޔ‬Upstill-Goddard et al. (1991)‫ޔ‬
Maiss et al. (1996)‫ޔ‬㑆ᧁߣਅፉ (2002)ߥߤࠍෳ⠨ߦߒ‫ޔ‬ಽᨆ᧦ઙߩ᳿ቯߦ㓙ߒߡߪߎࠇࠄࠍ࿕ቯ᧦ઙߣߒߚ‫ޕ‬
㪉㪄㪌㪄㪈㪅㩷 䊃䊤䉾䊒଻ᜬᦨᄢᤨ㑆䈱⏕⹺㩷
਄⸥ߩ࠻࡜࠶ࡊ಄ළ᷷ᐲ෸߮⣕᳇ᵹ㊂᧦ઙߩਅߢߤࠇߊࠄ޿㐳ߊ⋡⊛ᚑಽߢ޽ࠆ SF6 ࠍ࠻࡜࠶ࡊࠞ࡜ࡓ߇ቯ
㊂⊛ߦ଻ᜬߒ߁ࠆ߆‫ߜࠊߥߔޔ‬೨ㅀߩ‫ޟ‬᝝߹߃ࠆ‫ޠ‬ᠲ૞ࠍቯ㊂⊛ߦⴕ߁ߚ߼ߩᤨ㑆ࠍ᳿߼ࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬SF6
ᮡḰࠟࠬࠍࠟࠬቯኈ▤ߢቯኈߒ‫ޔ‬಄ළߒߡ޽ࠆ࠻࡜࠶ࡊߦᮡḰࠟࠬࠍㅍࠅㄟߺ‫ᤨࠆߖߐࡊ࠶࡜࠻ޔ‬㑆ࠍᄌ߃ࠆߎ
ߣߢ‫ࡊ࠶࡜࠻ޔ‬਄㒢ᤨ㑆ࠍ᳿ቯߔࠆ‫ߢߣ޽ޔ߈ߣߩߎޕ‬ㅀߴࠆࡃ࠶ࠢࡈ࡜࠶ࠪࡘᠲ૞ߦࠃߞߡ SF6 ߩࡇ࡯ࠢ߇
ಾࠇߥ޿ࠃ߁‫ޔ‬㐳߼(㧞⑽⒟ᐲ)ߩࡃ࠶ࠢࡈ࡜࠶ࠪࡘ߹ߢߩᤨ㑆ࠍ⸳ቯߔࠆߎߣ߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬Figure 2-4 ߦ‫ޔ‬⒳‫ޘ‬
ߩ࠻࡜࠶ࡊᤨ㑆ߦኻߒߡ᷹ቯߐࠇߚࡇ࡯ࠢ㕙Ⓧࠍ␜ߔ‫⚿ߩߘޕ‬ᨐ‫ ߘࠃ߅ޔ‬12 ಽ㑆⒟ᐲߢ޽ࠇ߫਄⸥᧦ઙߢቯ㊂
⊛ߦ SF6 ࠍ଻ᜬߒ߁ࠆߎߣ߇⏕⹺ߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬
50000
Peak Area
45000
40000
35000
30000
0
5
10
15
Time (Minute)
20
25
Figure 2-4 Effect of bubbling time on SF6 recoveries for 300cm3 of seawater.
㪉㪄㪌㪄㪉㪅㩷 ⣕᳇ᤨ㑆㩿䊃䊤䉾䊒ᤨ㑆㪀䈱᳿ቯ㩷
⹜ᢱᶏ᳓߆ࠄ਄ㅀߩ᧦ઙߩਅߢ‫ోޟ‬ㇱ಴ߔ‫ᤨߩߤ߶ࠇߤߦ߼ߚޠ‬㑆ࠍⷐߔࠆ߆ࠍ⏕⹺ߔࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬⣕᳇╴
ౝߢቯኈߐࠇߚᶏ᳓㧔ߎߩߚ߼ߦ૶↪ߔࠆᶏ᳓ߪ᳓㌁߇౉ߞߡ޿ߥ޿߽ߩߥࠄ᳹ߺ⟎޿ߚ߽ߩߢ߽น㧕ࠍ޽ࠆᤨ
㑆ߢ⣕᳇‫ޔ‬Ớ❗߅ࠃ᷹߮ቯࠍⴕߞߚᓟ‫ޔ‬ౣ߮หߓᶏ᳓ߦߟ޿ߡ⣕᳇ಽᨆᠲ૞ࠍⴕߞߡ‫ޔ‬㧝࿁⋡ߩ⣕᳇ߣ㧞࿁⋡ߩ
⣕᳇ߢᓧࠄࠇࠆ SF6 ㊂㧔Ⓧ▚⸘ߩࠪࠣ࠽࡞୯㧕߆ࠄ⣕᳇ᤨ㑆ߦኻߔࠆ⣕᳇ല₸ࠍ᳞߼ࠆ㧔Figure 2-5㧕
‫⚿ߩߎޕ‬
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ᨐ‫ޔ‬㧠ಽ㑆ߩ⣕᳇ᠲ૞ߢ߶߷ߔߴߡߩ SF6 ߇ᶏ᳓⹜ᢱ߆ࠄ⣕᳇ߐࠇࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬వߩታ㛎ߩ⚿ᨐ߆ࠄ 12
ಽ⒟ᐲ߹ߢߩ⣕᳇ᤨ㑆ߢ޽ࠇ߫ቯ㊂⊛ߦ SF6 ߇࠻࡜࠶ࡊࠞ࡜ࡓౝߦ଻ᜬߐࠇࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ߞߡ޿ࠆߩߢ‫ࠪᧄޔ‬
ࠬ࠹ࡓߩ⣕᳇ᤨ㑆ߪ㧢ಽ㑆ߣ᳿ቯߒߚ‫ޕ‬
110
100
Efficiency (%)
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
0
2
4
6
Time (Minute)
8
10
12
Figure 2-5 Effect of Backflushing time on SF6 recoveries.
㪉㪄㪌㪄㪊㪅㩷 䊋䉾䉪䊐䊤䉾䉲䊠ᤨ㑆䈱᳿ቯ㩷
ᶏ᳓⹜ᢱ߿ᄢ᳇⹜ᢱࠍಽᨆߔࠆ㓙‫଻ߦࡓ࡜ࠞࡊ࠶࡜࠻ޔ‬ᜬߐࠇࠆߩߪ SF6 ߩߺߢߪߥ޿‫ޕ‬SF6 ࠃࠅ߽ࡔࠗࡦಽ
ᨆࠞ࡜ࡓߦ߅ߌࠆ଻ᜬᤨ㑆㧔࡝࠹ࡦ࡚ࠪࡦ࠲ࠗࡓ㧕ߩ㐳޿ᚑಽ߇࠻࡜࠶ࡊߐࠇ‫ࠍࡓ࡜ࠞࡦࠗࡔޔ‬ㅢߞߡ࠺ࠖ࠹ࠢ
࠲ߦะ߆ߞߚߣߔࠇ߫‫ ߩ⊛⋡ޔ‬SF6 ߩࡇ࡯ࠢ߇಴߈ߞߚ޽ߣߢߐ߃‫ޔ‬ਇⷐߥࡇ࡯ࠢࠍᬌ಴ߒ⛯ߌࠆߎߣߣߥࠆ‫ޕ‬
ߎߩߎߣߪ‫⹜৻ޔ‬ᢱߩಽᨆᤨ㑆ࠍ㐳ߊߒߡߒ߹߁ߛߌߢߥߊ‫ޔߒੂࠍࡦࠗ࡜ࠬ࡯ࡌߩࡈ࡜ࠣ࠻ࡑࡠࠢޔ‬ಽᨆ♖ᐲ
߿ᬌ಴㒢⇇ߦߣߞߡਇ೑ߥಽᨆ᧦ઙࠍ૞ߞߡߒ߹߁‫ࠍࠇߘޕ‬㒐ߋߚ߼‫ޔ‬ಽᨆࠪࠬ࠹ࡓౝߦ‫ࡘࠪ࠶࡜ࡈࠢ࠶ࡃޟ‬ᯏ
᭴‫ࠍࠇߘߣࡓ࡜ࠞ࠻࠶ࠞ࡟ࡊޔߪࠇߎޕࠆߌ⸳ࠍޠ‬ขࠅઃߌߚಾ឵ࡃ࡞ࡉߢ᭴ᚑߐࠇߡ޿ߡ‫ࡦࠗࡔޔ‬ಽᨆࠞ࡜ࡓ
ߩ਄ᵹߦ⸳⟎ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ಽᨆኻ⽎‛⾰㧔ߎߎߢߪ SF6㧕߇ࡊ࡟ࠞ࠶࠻ࠞ࡜ࡓ߆ࠄࡔࠗࡦಽᨆࠞ࡜ࡓߦ⒖േߒߚߣߎࠈ
ߢࡃ࡞ࡉࠍಾࠅ឵߃‫ࠍࠬࠟ࡯ࠕ࡝ࡖࠠߩࡓ࡜ࠞ࠻࠶ࠞ࡟ࡊޔ‬ㅒᵹߒߡࡊ࡟ࠞ࠶࠻ࠞ࡜ࡓౝߦᱷߞߚ଻ᜬᤨ㑆ߩ㐳
޿㕖ኻ⽎ᚑಽࠍ♽ᄖߦឃ಴ߔࠆ‫ ࠆߔߣ⊛⋡ޔ߼ߚߩߘޕ‬SF6 ߇ࡊ࡟ࠞ࠶࠻ࠞ࡜ࡓࠍㅢㆊߔࠆ߹ߢߩᤨ㑆ࠍ᳿ቯ
ߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬Figure 2-6 ߦߪᮡḰࠟࠬ⹜ᢱߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬వߦ᳿߼ߚᤨ㑆࠻࡜࠶ࡊࠍⴕߞߚᓟ‫ࠍࡊ࠶࡜࠻ޔ‬ട
50000
Peak Area
40000
30000
20000
10000
0
20
.
40
60
80
Time (sec.)
100
Figure2-6 Effect of Stripping time on SF6 recoveries.
− 16 −
120
140
気象研究所技術報告 第 51 号 2007
᷷ߒߡ‫ ࠄ߆ࡊ࠶࡜࠻ޔ‬GC ஥߳ߣ⋡⊛ᚑಽࠍ฽߻ࠟࠬ߇ㅍࠅ಴ߐࠇߡ߆ࠄߩᤨ㑆ߦኻߔࠆ SF6 ߩࡇ࡯ࠢ㕙Ⓧࠍ
␜ߔ‫⚿ߩߘޕ‬ᨐߪ‫ ߘࠃ߅ޔ‬50 ⑽ߩࡃ࠶ࠢࡈ࡜࠶ࠪࡘᤨ㑆߇⏕଻ߐࠇࠇ߫⋡⊛ᚑಽߪࡊ࡟ࠞ࠶࠻ߐࠇࠆߎߣߥߊ
ቯ㊂⊛ߦࡔࠗࡦࠞ࡜ࡓߦ߹ߢ೔㆐ߒ‫ࠅ౉ߣ߳࠲ࠢ࠹ࠖ࠺ޔ‬ᬌ಴ߐࠇࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬
਄⸥ߢ⺞ߴࠄࠇߚฦ᧦ઙࠍၮߦ‫ޔ‬SF6 ಽᨆࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩಽᨆ᧦ઙࠍ‫ޔ‬Table 2-3 ߦ߹ߣ߼ߡ߅ߊ‫ ߅ߥޕ‬2-4-1 ߩ
ታ㛎߆ࠄߎߩ࠻࡜࠶ࡊ᷷ᐲ‫ޔ‬⣕᳇ᵹ㊂ߩ߽ߣߢߪ‫ޔ‬઒ߦ 10 ಽ㑆ߩ⣕᳇ᠲ૞ࠍⴕߞߡ߽࠻࡜࠶ࡊ߆ࠄ⋡⊛ᚑಽ߇
ᛮߌߡߒ߹ࠊߥ޿ߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ᤨߩߘޔߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬㑆ౝߢ޽ࠇ߫ቯኈߒߚࠟࠬࠍⶄᢙ࿁ಽ࠻࡜࠶ࡊߔࠆ
ߎߣ߽น⢻ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
㪉㪄㪍㪅㩷 ಽᨆ䉲䉴䊁䊛䈱଻቞䊶▤ℂ㩷
ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ߇ᳪᨴߐࠇࠆߣ‫ࠢࡦ࡜ࡉޔ‬୯߇਄߇ࠅ‫⚿ޔ‬ᨐߣߒߡᬌ಴㒢⇇୯ߪᄢ߈ߊߥࠅ‫ޔ‬ಽᨆ♖ᐲ߽ૐਅߒߡߒ
߹߁‫ࠍ࠲ࠢ࠹ࠖ࠺ߦࠄߐޕ‬ᳪߒߡߒ߹߁ߣ‫߇ࡦࠗ࡜ࠬ࡯ࡌޔ‬ਇ቟ቯߣߥࠆߩߺߢߥߊ‫ޔ‬ᬌ಴ᗵᐲ߇ૐਅߔࠆ‫ߘޕ‬
ߩߚ߼‫߃ߣߚޔ‬ಽᨆࠍⴕߞߡ޿ߥ޿ߣ߈ߢ޽ߞߡ߽‫ߪ࠲ࠢ࠹ࠖ࠺߿ࡦࡉ࡯ࠝࡈ࡜ࠣ࠻ࡑࡠࠢࠬࠟޔ‬᷷ᐲࠍ਄ߍ‫ޔ‬
ᵺൻߒߚࠠࡖ࡝ࠕࠟࠬࠍㆡᒰ㊂ᵹߒߡ߅޿ߚᣇ߇ࠃ޿‫࠻ࡦ࡚ࠗࠫޕ‬㘃ࠍߟߥ߉⋥ߔߣ߈‫ࠬࠟࠕ࡝ࡖࠠߪ޿ࠆ޽ޔ‬
߿ᮡḰࠟࠬࡏࡦࡌࠍ੤឵ߔࠆߣ߈ߦߪ‫ޔ‬ᚻ߿Ꮏౕ‫࠻ࡦ࡚ࠗࠫޔ‬㘃‫ࡦࠠ࠶ࡄޔ‬㘃╬ࠍࠕ࠮࠻ࡦߢࠃߊ᜞޿ߡ߆ࠄ૞
ᬺࠍⴕ߁ᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ࠢࡦ࡜ࡉޔߒ߽ޕ‬୯߇㜞ߊߥߞߡ߈ߚߣ߈ߦߪ‫ߦߎߤޔ‬ᳪᨴߩේ࿃߇޽ࠆߩ߆ࠍᣧᕆߦ⓭߈
ᱛ߼‫ޔ‬ᔅⷐ߇޽ࠇ߫ࡄ࡯࠷ࠍ੤឵ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
࠺ࠖ࠹ࠢ࠲ߩᬌ಴ᗵᐲࠍࡕ࠾࠲࡯ߔࠆߚ߼ߦ‫ޔ‬ᮡḰࠟࠬߩಽᨆ⚿ᨐߩߺࠍ⸥ㅀߒߚࡁ࡯࠻ࠍ૞ᚑߔࠆߎߣࠍ൘
߼ࠆ‫ߦ࠲ࠢ࠹ࠖ࠺ޕ‬ዉ౉ߒߚ SF6 ߩ mol ᢙߦኻߔࠆࡇ࡯ࠢ㕙ⓍߩᲧ₸߇ૐਅߒߡ߈ߚࠄ‫ߕ߹ޔ‬ᆎ߼ߦ࡜ࠗࡦ߆
ࠄߩ࡝࡯ࠢ߿ࠞ࡜ࡓߩഠൻࠍ⇼߁ᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ߇‫߇࠲ࠢ࠹ࠖ࠺ޔ‬ᳪࠇࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ߽ᬌ಴ᗵᐲߪૐਅߔࠆ‫ߩߘޕ‬
ߣ߈ߦߪ‫࠲ࠢ࠹ࠖ࠺ޔ‬᷷ᐲࠍ਄ߍߡᳪᨴ‛ࠍ὾߈ߣ߫ߔߥߤߩ◲නߥᣇᴺߢᡷༀߐࠇࠆ႐ว߽޽ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬࿁ᓳߒߥ
޿႐วߦߪኾ㐷ߩᬺ⠪ߦ࠺ࠖ࠹ࠢ࠲ߩᵞᵺࠍଐ㗬ߔࠆߒ߆ߥ޿‫߁ࠃ޿ߥࠄߥ߁ߘޕ‬ᣣ㗃߆ࠄᵈᗧߔࠆߎߣ߇ᄢಾ
ߣߥࠆ‫ޕ‬
Table 2-3 Analytical conditions for determination of SF6 by GC-ECD.
㪪㪸㫄㫇㫃㪼㩷㪭㫆㫃㫌㫄㪼㩷㩿㪪㪼㪸㫎㪸㫋㪼㫉㪀㪑㩷
㪉㪐㪏㪅㪇㪋㪂㪇㪅㪍㪉㫄㫃
㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩿㪞㪸㫊㪀㪑
㪈㪅㪋㪏㪊㫄㫃 㪊㪅㪇㪊㪊㫄㫃
㪧㫌㫉㪾㫀㫅㪾㩷㩿㫋㫉㪸㫇㫇㫀㫅㪾㪀㩷㫋㫀㫄㪼㪑
㪍㫄㫀㫅
㪧㫌㫉㪾㪼㩷㪾㪸㫊㩷㪽㫃㫆㫎㩷㫉㪸㫋㪼㪑
㪉㪇㪇㫄㫃㪆㫄㫀㫅
㪚㫆㫆㫃㫀㫅㪾㩷㫋㪼㫄㫇㪼㫉㪸㫋㫌㫉㪼㩷㫆㪽㩷㫋㪿㪼㩷㫋㫉㪸㫇㪑 㪄㪎㪌㷄
㪟㪼㪸㫋㫀㫅㪾㩷㫋㪼㫄㫇㪼㫉㪸㫋㫌㫉㪼㩷㫆㪽㩷㫋㪿㪼㩷㫋㫉㪸㫇 㪏㪇㷄
㪞㪚㩷㫆㫍㪼㫅㩷㫋㪼㫄㫇㪼㫉㪸㫋㫌㫉㪼㪑
㪍㪌㷄
㪚㪸㫉㫉㫀㪼㫉㩷㪾㪸㫊㩷㪽㫃㫆㫎㩷㫉㪸㫋㪼㪑
㪋㪇㫄㫃㪆㫄㫀㫅
㪜㪚㪛㩷㫋㪼㫄㫇㪼㫉㪸㫋㫌㫉㪼㪑
㪊㪊㪇㷄
− 17 −
気象研究所技術報告 第 51 号 2007
㩷
3.
標準ガスと標準化
㩷
㪊㪄㪈㪅㩷 㪤㪩㪠㩷㪪㪝㪍㩷㪚㪸㫃㫀㪹㫉㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㪪㪺㪸㫃㪼㩷
ᮡḰ‛⾰ߪỚᐲࠍ᳿߼ࠆ”߽ߩߐߒ”ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬SF6 ߦ㑐ߒߡߪ‫ᤨ⃻ޔ‬ὐߢߪ⛔৻⊛ߦෳᾖߐࠇߡ޿ࠆᮡḰ‛⾰ߪ
ߥ޿‫ᦨޕ‬ೋߦ⸥ㅀߒߚࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬ㆊ෰ߩ࠺࡯࠲߿ઁᯏ㑐ߩ࠺࡯࠲ߣᲧセน⢻ߥ࠺࡯࠲ࠍขᓧߔࠆߚ߼ߦᚒ‫߇ޘ‬ᮡḰ
‛⾰ߦߟ޿ߡⴕࠊߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿ߎߣߪ‫⥄ޔ‬ಽߚߜߩ”߽ߩߐߒ”㧔ࠬࠤ࡯࡞㧕ࠍ▤ℂߒ‫⛽ޔ‬ᜬߒ⛯ߌ‫ߩ৻⛔ޔ‬
ࠬࠤ࡯࡞߇ቢᚑߒߚߣ߈ߦߘࠇߣᾖࠄߒวࠊߖࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦߒߡ߅ߊ‫ߢߎߘޕ‬ᚒ‫࡞࡯ࠤࠬߩ⥄⁛ߪޘ‬
㧔MRI SF6 Calibration Scale㧕ࠍ૞ᚑߒ‫⛽ޔ‬ᜬߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
ᚒ‫ࠬࠟߪޘ‬లႯߩߚ߼ߩࠪࠬ࠹ࡓࠍᚲ᦭ߒߡ޿ࠆࠊߌߢߪߥ޿ߩߢ‫ޔ‬ᚒ‫ߩޘ‬ᮡḰࠟࠬߩߔߴߡߪ JFP ␠ߢ૞
⵾ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬లႯኈེߦߪ‫ޔ‬10L ߩࠕ࡞ࡒ࠾࠙ࡓว㊄ኈེߦ㧝S ౝ㕙⎇⏴㧔ౝ㕙☻ᐲ߇⚂㧝Ǎm㧕ࠍᣉߒߚ߽ߩ
ߦ‫ࡓ࡜ࡈࡗࠗ࠳ࠬ࡟ࡦ࠹ࠬޔ‬ᑼߩኈེ↪ᑯࠍขࠅઃߌߚ߽ߩࠍ↪޿ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ኈེ↪ᑯขࠅઃߌᓟ‫ޔ‬ടᾲ⌀ⓨឃ᳇
ࠍⴕߞߡ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ፉᵤ⵾૞ᚲ␠⵾ߩᄢ⾰㊂♖ኒᄤ⒊㧔ᦨᄢ⒊㊂ 30kg‫ޔ‬ಽ⸃⢻ 1mg㧕ࠍ↪޿ߚ⾰㊂Ყᷙวᴺ㧔㊀㊂
లႯᴺ㧕ߦࠃࠅ‫߇ࠬࠟޔ‬లႯߐࠇࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ᄤ⒊ߩ♖ᐲߪᦨᄢߢ߽±0.01㧑⒟ᐲߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߆ࠄᧄ⎇ⓥߢ㐿⊒ߒߚ
ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩಽᨆ♖ᐲࠍ㧝㨪1.5 ᩴ߶ߤ਄࿁ࠆ߽ߩߣ޿߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬1998 ᐕ 12 ᦬ߦ‫ޔ‬㊀㊂లႯᴺߢ૞ᚑߒߚᮡḰࠟࠬ㧔ኈ
ེ⸥ภ⇟ภ CPB-18451㧕ߦߟߌࠄࠇߚ SF6 ߩỚᐲ㧔5.002ppt㧕ࠍᚒ‫ߦߣߎࠆߔߣ࡞࡯ࠤࠬߩޘ‬᳿߼ߚ‫ࠊߥߔޕ‬
ߜߎߩᮡḰࠟࠬ㧔ᓟㅀߔࠆ߽ߩߣ඙೎ߔࠆߚ߼ߦ‫ߣޠࠬࠟ࠼࡯࠳ࡦ࠲ࠬ࡯࡝ࡑࠗ࡜ࡊޟ‬๭߱‫ޕ‬㧕ࠍ㧝ᰴᮡḰࠟࠬ
ߣߒ‫⃻ޔ‬႐ߢ૶↪ߔࠆᮡḰࠟࠬ㧔ࡢ࡯ࠠࡦࠣࠬ࠲ࡦ࠳࡯࠼ࠟࠬ㧕ߦߪߎߩࠟࠬࠍ↪޿ߡᮡḰൻࠍⴕ޿‫ߦ⊛⚳ᦨޔ‬
⹜ᢱߩ୯ࠍ᳿ቯߒߡ޿ߊߎߣߣߥࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ᮡḰࠟࠬߦߪ‫ ߦࠇߘޔߒߣࠬࠟࠬ࡯ࡌࠍ⚛⓸ޔ‬SF6 ߩߺ߇ᷝടߐࠇ
ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
ᮡḰࠟࠬߦ৻⇟᳞߼ࠄࠇࠆߎߣߪߘࠇ⥄りߩỚᐲ߇ᤨ㑆⊛ߦᄌൻߒߥ޿ߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧝ᰴᮡḰࠟࠬߣ
޿߃ߤ߽ᤨ㑆ᄌൻߒߥ޿ߣ޿߁଻⸽ߪߥ޿‫⥄ߪߢߺߩࠇߘ߽߆ߒޕ‬りߩỚᐲᄌൻߩ᦭ήࠍ࠴ࠚ࠶ࠢߔࠆߎߣߪߢ
߈ߥ޿‫ޔߢߎߘޕ‬หᤨᦼߦห᭽ߥኈེߦหߓᚻᴺߢ㧟ᧄߩᮡḰࠟࠬ㧔CPB-19055, CPB-19056, CPB-19057㧕ࠍ
૞ᚑߒ‫ޔ‬వߩࡊ࡜ࠗࡑ࡝࡯ࠬ࠲ࡦ࠳࡯࠼ࠟࠬߢᮡḰൻࠍⴕ޿‫ࠄࠇߎޔ‬㧠ᧄߩ㧝ᰴᮡḰࠟࠬ㑆ߢ⋧੕ߦỚᐲᄌൻࠍ
࠴ࠚ࠶ࠢߔࠆ૕೙ࠍᢛ߃ߚ‫ߢࠬࠟ࠼࡯࠳ࡦ࠲ࠬ࡯࡝ࡑࠗ࡜ࡊޔߦߺߥߜޕ‬ᮡḰൻߐࠇߚ SF6 ߩỚᐲߣ‫ޔ‬㊀㊂ల
Ⴏᴺߢ᳿߼ߚ SF6 ߩỚᐲߪታߦࠃߊ৻⥌ߒߚ㧔Table 3-1㧕
‫ࠄࠇߎޕ‬㧠ᧄߩ㧝ᰴᮡḰࠟࠬߩ⋧੕ᬌቯߪ⃻࿷ߦ⥋ࠆ
Table 3-1 Calibrated values of SF6 Primary Standards.
㪫㪸㫅㫂㩷㪥㫆㪅
㫇㫇㫋
㪚㪧㪙㪈㪏㪋㪌㪈 㪧㫉㫀㫄㪸㫉㫐
㪚㪧㪙㪈㪐㪇㪌㪌
㪈㪇㪅㪈㫧㪇㪅㪈
㪚㪧㪙㪈㪐㪇㪌㪍
㪎㪅㪈㪋㫧㪇㪅㪇㪋
㪚㪧㪙㪈㪐㪇㪌㪎
㪊㪅㪇㪉㫧㪇㪅㪇㪊
㩿㪌㪅㪇㪇㪉㪀
㩿㪈㪇㪅㪇㪎㪀
㩿㪎㪅㪈㪋㪈㪀
㩿㪊㪅㪇㪊㪉㪀
㪤㪼㪻㫀㪸㩷㪾㪸㫊
㪥㪉
㪥㪉㪂㪦㪉
㪥㪉㪂㪦㪉
㪥㪉㪂㪦㪉
㪩㪼㫄㪸㫉㫂
㫀㫅㪺㫃㫌㪻㫀㫅㪾䇭䋳㪚㪝㪚㫊
㫀㫅㪺㫃㫌㪻㫀㫅㪾䇭䋳㪚㪝㪚㫊
㫀㫅㪺㫃㫌㪻㫀㫅㪾䇭䋳㪚㪝㪚㫊
߹ߢⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ౕޕ‬૕⊛ߦߪ
1. ࡊ࡜ࠗࡑ࡝࡯ࠬ࠲ࡦ࠳࡯࠼ࠟࠬߢ‫ߩઁޔ‬㧟ᧄߩ㧝ᰴᮡḰࠟࠬߩỚᐲߩ᷹ቯࠍⴕ޿‫ߥ⊛ᤨ⚻ޔ‬Ớᐲᄌൻ߇
⿠ߎߞߡ޿ߥ޿߆࠴ࠚ࠶ࠢߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
2. ࡊ࡜ࠗࡑ࡝࡯ࠬ࠲ࡦ࠳࡯࠼ࠟࠬએᄖߩ㧟ᧄߩ㧝ᰴᮡḰࠟࠬߩᦨೋߦ᳿߼ࠄࠇߚỚᐲࠍ↪޿ߡࡊ࡜ࠗࡑ࡝
࡯ࠬ࠲ࡦ࠳࡯࠼ࠟࠬߩỚᐲࠍ⸘▚ߒ‫ߥ⊛ᤨ⚻ߦࠬࠟ࠼࡯࠳ࡦ࠲ࠬ࡯࡝ࡑࠗ࡜ࡊޔ‬Ớᐲߩᄌൻ߇⿠ߎߞߡ޿ߥ޿߆
ࠍ࠴ࠚ࠶ࠢߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
− 18 −
気象研究所技術報告 第 51 号 2007
Figure 3-1 ߦ‫ޔ‬㧠ᧄߩ㧝ᰴᮡḰࠟࠬߩ SF6 ߩᬌቯ୯ߩᤨ♽೉ᄌൻࠍ␜ߔ߇‫ ߩࠇߕ޿ߩࡌࡦࡏߩࠇߕ޿ޔ‬SF6
ߦߟ޿ߡ߽ᚒ‫ߩޘ‬ಽᨆ♖ᐲࠍ⿥߃ࠆࠃ߁ߥỚᐲߩᄌൻߪ⃻ᤨὐߢߪ⿠ߎߞߡ޿ߥ޿ߎߣ߇ࠃߊࠊ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬
CPB18451
CPB19055
CPB19056
CPB19057
12
8
6
Calibrated SF (ppt)
10
6
4
2
0
Apr., 2006
Aug., 2006
Dec., 2006 Apr., 2007
Time
Aug., 2007
Dec., 2007
Figure 3-1 Change in concentration of SF6 in MRI Primary Standard gases.
㪊㪄㪉㪅㩷 䊪䊷䉨䊮䉫䉴䉺䊮䉻䊷䊄䉧䉴䈱ᬌቯ䊶▤ℂ㩷
㧝ᰴᮡḰࠟࠬߪ߈ࠊ߼ߡ㊀ⷐߥ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ߆ࠄ‫․ޔ‬೎ߥ႐วએᄖߪ᷹ⷰߩߚ߼ߦ⎇ⓥቶ߆ࠄᜬߜ಴ߒ૶↪ߔࠆ
ߎߣ߇޽ߞߡߪߥࠄߥ޿‫⃻ߢߎߘޕ‬႐⹜ᢱߩಽᨆߦ㓙ߒ‫⃻ޔ‬႐↪ᮡḰࠟࠬ㧔ࡢ࡯ࠠࡦࠣࠬ࠲ࡦ࠳࡯࠼ࠟࠬ㧕ࠍ૞
⵾ߒ‫ޕࠆߔ↪૶ޔ‬ᚒ‫⃻ߩޘ‬႐↪ᮡḰࠟࠬߪ‫ޔ‬㧝ᰴᮡḰࠟࠬߣห᭽ߥኈེߦห᭽ߥᚻᴺߢ૞⵾ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬૞⵾ߒ
ߚࡢ࡯ࠠࡦࠣࠬ࠲ࡦ࠳࡯࠼ࠟࠬࠍ↪޿ߡᦨ⚳⊛ߦ⹜ᢱߩ SF6 ߩỚᐲࠍ᳿ቯߔࠆ㧔ᮡḰൻ㧕߹ߢߦᚒ‫ߪޘ‬ᰴߩࠃ
߁ߥᚻ㗅ࠍ〯ࠎߢ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
Ԙ 㧝ᰴᮡḰࠟࠬߦࠃࠆࡢ࡯ࠠࡦࠣࠬ࠲ࡦ࠳࡯࠼ࠟࠬߩᬌቯ
ԙ ᬌቯ୯ߩࡕ࠾࠲࡯㧔⚂㧞ࡩ᦬Ფ㧕
Ԛ ࡢ࡯ࠠࡦࠣࠬ࠲ࡦ࠳࡯࠼ࠟࠬߩ⃻႐ߢߩ૶↪
ԛ ࡢ࡯ࠠࡦࠣࠬ࠲ࡦ࠳࡯࠼ࠟࠬߩᦨ⚳ᬌቯ
Ԝ ⃻႐࠺࡯࠲ߩᮡḰൻ
ߘࠇߙࠇߦߟ޿ߡએਅߦ⹦⚦ࠍ⸥ㅀߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
㪊㪄㪉㪄㪈㪅㩷 䋱ᰴᮡḰ䉧䉴䈮䉋䉎䊪䊷䉨䊮䉫䉴䉺䊮䉻䊷䊄䉧䉴䈱ᬌቯ㩷
ࡢ࡯ࠠࡦࠣࠬ࠲ࡦ࠳࡯࠼ࠟࠬߪ૞⵾ᓟ⋥ߜߦ‫ޔ‬㧝ᰴᮡḰࠟࠬࠍ↪޿ߡᮡḰൻߔࠆ‫ޕ‬వߩ㧝ᰴᮡḰࠟࠬห᭽‫ࡢޔ‬
࡯ࠠࡦࠣࠬ࠲ࡦ࠳࡯࠼ࠟࠬߦߟ޿ߡ߽‫ޔ‬㧝ᰴᮡḰࠟࠬߢᮡḰൻߐࠇߚ SF6 ߩỚᐲߣ‫ޔ‬㊀㊂లႯᴺߢ᳿߼ࠄࠇߚ
SF6 ߩỚᐲߦߪ᦭ᗧߥᏅߪ⹺߼ࠄࠇߥ޿㧔Table 3-2㧕‫ޕ‬
− 19 −
気象研究所技術報告 第 51 号 2007
Table 3-2 Calibrated values of SF6 Working Standards.
㪫㪸㫅㫂㩷㪥㫆㪅
㪚㪧㪙㪊㪇㪌㪌㪈
㪚㪧㪙㪊㪇㪌㪌㪉
㪚㪧㪙㪊㪇㪌㪌㪍
㪚㪧㪙㪊㪇㪌㪌㪌
㪚㪧㪙㪈㪎㪈㪋㪐
㪚㪧㪙㪉㪏㪈㪇㪊
㪚㪧㪙㪈㪌㪎㪇㪎
㪚㪧㪙㪉㪏㪌㪋㪉
㪪㪼㫉㫀㪼㫊
㪘
㪘
㪘
㪘
㪙
㪙
㪙
㪙
㫇㫇㫋
㪤㪼㪻㫀㪸㩷㪾㪸㫊
㪈㪅㪇㪈㫧㪇㪅㪇㪈
㩿㪈㪅㪇㪇㪇㪀
㪥㪉
㪉㪅㪋㪐㫧㪇㪅㪇㪊
㩿㪈㪇㪅㪇㪎㪀
㪥㪉
㪊㪅㪐㪏㫧㪇㪅㪇㪋
㩿㪎㪅㪈㪋㪈㪀
㪥㪉
㪍㪅㪇㪇㫧㪇㪅㪇㪋
㩿㪊㪅㪇㪊㪉㪀
㪥㪉㪂㪦㪉
㪋㪅㪇㪈㫧㪇㪅㪇㪉
㩿㪊㪅㪐㪐㪏㪀
㪥㪉
㪉㪅㪋㪐㫧㪇㪅㪇㪉
㩿㪉㪅㪌㪇㪈㪀
㪥㪉
㪎㪅㪇㪉㫧㪇㪅㪇㪊
㩿㪍㪅㪐㪐㪐㪀
㪥㪉
㪇㪅㪐㪐㪐㫧㪇㪅㪇㪇㪈 㩿㪇㪅㪐㪐㪐㪈㪀
㪥㪉
㪊㪄㪉㪄㪉㪅㩷 䊪䊷䉨䊮䉫䉴䉺䊮䉻䊷䊄䉧䉴ᬌቯ୯䈱䊝䊆䉺䊷㩷
Ớᐲᄌൻࠍ↢ߓࠆᮡḰࠟࠬߪ߽ߪ߿ᮡḰࠟࠬߣߪ޿߃ߕ‫⃻ޔ‬႐⹜ᢱߦኻߒߡ↪޿ࠆߎߣ߇޽ߞߡߪߥࠄߥ޿‫ޕ‬
ߘߎߢ‫ޔ‬ᚒ‫ߪޘ‬૞⵾ߒߚࡢ࡯ࠠࡦࠣࠬ࠲ࡦ࠳࡯࠼ࠟࠬߦߟ޿ߡߪ‫⃻ࠍࠇߘޔ‬႐ߢ૶↪ߔࠆߚ߼ߦ‫ޔ‬૞ᚑᓟ᷹ቯ૞
ᬺ߇ਇน⢻ߥ႐วࠍ㒰޿ߡ᦬ߦ㧞࿁ߩ㗫ᐲߢ㧝ᰴᮡḰࠟࠬߦኻߒߡᬌቯ୯ࠍ⚂㧞㧜ࡩ᦬㑆ࡕ࠾࠲࡯ߒ‫ޔ‬SF6 ߩỚ
ᐲᄌൻ߇ߥ޿߆ࠍ⏕⹺ߒߡ޿ࠆ(Figure 3-2, Figure 3-3)‫ޕ‬
7
CPB30551
CPB30552
CPB30556
CPB30555
Calibrated SF (ppt)
6
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Apr., 2006
Aug., 2006
Dec., 2006 Apr., 2006
Time
Aug., 2007
Dec., 2007
Figure 3-2 Change in concentration of SF6 in MRI Secondary Standard gases (A series).
8
CPB17149
CPB28103
CPB15707
CPB28542
6
6
Calibrated SF (ppt)
7
5
4
3
2
1
0
Apr., 2006
Aug., 2006
Dec., 2006 Apr., 2007
Time
Aug., 2007
Dec., 2007
Figure 3-3 Change in concentration of SF6 in MRI Secondary Standard gases (B series).
− 20 −
気象研究所技術報告 第 51 号 2007
㪊㪄㪉㪄㪊㪅㩷 䊪䊷䉨䊮䉫䉴䉺䊮䉻䊷䊄䉧䉴䈱⃻႐䈪䈱૶↪㩷
ᚒ‫ߪޘ‬ᶏᵗ᷹ⷰ╬‫ޔ‬SF6 ߩ⃻႐ߢߩ᷹ቯߦ㓙ߒߡߪዋߥߊߣ߽Ớᐲߩ⇣ߥࠆ 4 ᧄߩࡢ࡯ࠠࡦࠣࠬ࠲ࡦ࠳࡯࠼ࠟ
ࠬࠍ↪޿ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬㧟ᧄએ਄ࠍ↪޿ࠆߎߣߢኒߥᬌ㊂✢߇૞ᚑߢ߈ࠆߩߺߢߥߊ‫ⷰޔ‬᷹ߩ⃻႐ߦ߅޿ߡ߽ߘࠇࠄࡢ
࡯ࠠࡦࠣࠬ࠲ࡦ࠳࡯࠼ࠟࠬߩỚᐲᄌൻߦߟ޿ߡߩ⋧੕ߦ࠴ࠚ࠶ࠢ߇น⢻ߣߥࠆ‫ޕ‬
㪊㪄㪉㪄㪋㪅㩷 䊪䊷䉨䊮䉫䉴䉺䊮䉻䊷䊄䉧䉴䈱ᦨ⚳ᬌቯ㩷
᷹ⷰ╬ߦ↪޿ߚࡢ࡯ࠠࡦࠣࠬ࠲ࡦ࠳࡯࠼ࠟࠬߪ⎇ⓥቶߦᜬߜᏫߞߚᓟ‫ߦߜ⋥ޔ‬㧝ᰴᮡḰࠟࠬߦࠃߞߡౣ߮ᬌቯ
૞ᬺࠍⴕ޿‫ޔ‬Ớᐲᄌൻߩ࠴ࠚ࠶ࠢࠍⴕ߁‫ޕ‬
㪊㪄㪉㪄㪌㪅㩷 ⃻႐䊂䊷䉺䈱ᮡḰൻ㩷
⃻႐⹜ᢱߩỚᐲߪ‫ⷰޔ‬᷹ᓟߩ࠴ࠚ࠶ࠢࠍࡄࠬߒߚࡢ࡯ࠠࡦࠣࠬ࠲ࡦ࠳࡯࠼ࠟࠬߩߺߦࠃߞߡ૞ᚑߐࠇߚᬌ㊂✢
ࠍ↪޿ߡ‫ޔ‬᳿ቯߐࠇࠆߴ߈ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߢߎߎޕ‬᳿߼ࠄࠇߚỚᐲߪ‫ޔ‬MRI SF6 Calibration Scale ၮḰߩỚᐲߣ⸒߁ߎ
ߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬
㪊㪄㪊㪅㩷 ᬌ㊂✢㩷
ಽᨆߐࠇߚ⚿ᨐߣߒߡឬ߆ࠇࠆࠣࡠࡑ࠻ࠣ࡜ࡓ߆ࠄࠗࡦ࠹ࠣ࡟࡯࠲ߦࠃࠅ⸘▚ߐࠇࠆࡇ࡯ࠢ㕙Ⓧߪ޽ߊ߹ߢ
߽ಽᨆ⹜ᢱਛߦ฽߹ࠇࠆ SF6 ߩో㊂㧔mol ᢙ㧕ߦኻߔࠆ⋧ኻ୯ߢ޽ࠆ‫⹜ߩߎޕ‬ᢱߦߟ޿ߡߩࡇ࡯ࠢ㕙Ⓧࠍ mol
ᢙߦ឵▚ߔࠆߚ߼ߦߪ‫ޔ‬Ớᐲᣢ⍮ߩ‛⾰‫ߜࠊߥߔޔ‬ᮡḰࠟࠬࠍቯኈߒߡ᷹ቯߒ‫ޔ‬᭽‫ ߥޘ‬SF6 ߩ mol ᢙߣ㕙Ⓧ୯
ߣߩ㑐ଥ߆ࠄᬌ㊂✢ࠍ૞ᚑߔࠆߎߣ߇ᔅⷐߣߥࠆ‫ޕ‬
ಽᨆࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߦߪᄢዊ㧞ߟߩࠟࠬቯኈ▤߇⸳ߌࠄࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫߽߆ߒޔ‬ቯኈߒߚᮡḰࠟࠬࠍⶄᢙ࿁ಽ࠻࡜࠶ࡊߔࠆ
ߎߣ߇น⢻ߥߩߢ‫ޔ‬੐ታ਄ߪ㧝ᧄߩᮡḰࠟࠬ߇ሽ࿷ߔࠇ߫ᬌ㊂✢ߩ૞ᚑߪน⢻ߣߥࠆ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬೨▵ߢ߽ㅀߴߡ
߈ߚࠃ߁ߦ‫ⷰ߃ߣߚޔ‬᷹ਛߢ޽ߞߡ߽ࡏࡦࡌౝߢ SF6 ߩỚᐲ߆ᄌൻߒߥ޿ߣ޿߁଻⸽ߪߥ޿ߩߢ‫ⶄޔ‬ᢙᧄߩᮡ
Ḱࠟࠬߢ⋧੕ߦ࠴ࠚ࠶ࠢߒߥ߇ࠄᬌ㊂✢ࠍ૞ᚑߔࠆߎߣ߇ᦸ߹ߒ޿‫ޔߦࠄߐޕ‬ฦᮡḰࠟࠬߦߟ޿ߡ⇣ߥࠆ㧞ߟએ
਄ߩኈ㊂ߢ᷹ቯࠍⴕ߃߫ฦὐߦߟ޿ߡ߽࠴ࠚ࠶ࠢߢ߈ࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬SF6 ߩᬌ㊂✢ߪᔅߕߒ߽⋥✢ᕈ߇㜞޿ߣߪ㒢ࠄ
ߥ޿ߩߢࠃࠅᄙߊߩಽᨆὐࠍᜬߞߚᬌ㊂✢ࠍ૞ᚑߔࠆߎߣߢಽᨆ୯߳ߩା㗬ᕈߪ㜞߹ࠆ߽ߩߣ⠨߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬
1
6
SF (fmol)
0.8
[ZT
[ZZT
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0
2000
4000
6000
Peak Area
8000
10000
Figure 3-4(a) Linear and quadratic calibration curves for SF6 calibrated by least squares method (SF6 < 1fmol).
− 21 −
気象研究所技術報告 第 51 号 2007
Figure 3-4-a ෸߮ Figure 3-4-b ߦߪ SF6 ߩᮮゲߦࡇ࡯ࠢ㕙Ⓧ‫❑ޔ‬ゲߦ SF6 ߩ mol ᢙࠍߣߞߚᬌ㊂✢ߩ଀ࠍ␜
ߔ‫ޕ‬Figure 3-4-b ߪ Figure 3-4-a ߩ SF6 ߩ mol ㊂߇ᄙ޿஥ߦ᜛ᄢߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬Figure 3-4-a ߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬㧝
ᰴ෸߮㧞ᰴߩ࿁Ꮻࠍⴕߞߚߣߎࠈ޿ߕࠇ߽㜞޿⋧㑐ଥᢙࠍᜬߞߡ߅ࠅ߶߷⋥✢ߣߒߡ࿁Ꮻߢ߈ࠆߎߣ߇␜ߐࠇ
ߚ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬CFCs ߩᬌ㊂✢߇㧞ᰴ㑐ᢙߢࡈࠖ࠶࠻ߔࠆߎߣ߇ᄙߊߩ⎇ⓥ⠪ߦࠃߞߡႎ๔ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬
Figure 3-4-b ߦ߅޿ߡߪ SF6 ߩ mol ㊂ࠍჇ߿ߒߡ޿ߊߣᬌ㊂✢ߩ⋥✢ᕈ߇ᄬࠊࠇ‫ޔ‬㧞ᰴ㑐ᢙߦࠃࠆ࿁Ꮻ߇ᔅⷐ
ߣߥࠆ‫ޕ‬
4
[ZT
[ZZT
3.5
2.5
2
6
SF (fmol)
3
1.5
1
0.5
0
0
5000
10000
15000 20000
Peak Area
25000
Figure 3-4(b) Same as Figure 3-4(a), but SF6 < 4fmol.
− 22 −
30000
35000
気象研究所技術報告 第 51 号 2007
㩷
4.
分析システムの性能と観測例
㩷
㪋㪄㪈 㪅 㩷 ಽ ᨆ 䉲 䉴䊁 䊛䈱ᕈ ⢻ 㩷
㪋㪄㪈 㪄㪈㪅 㩷 ➅ 䉍㄰ 䈚ಽ ᨆ ♖ ᐲ 㩷
Table 4-1 ߦߪᄢ᳇Ớᐲ࡟ࡌ࡞ߩᮡḰࠟࠬ(CPB-30555)ࠍ㧝ᰴᮡḰࠟࠬߢ 10 ࿁᷹ቯߒߚߣ߈ߩ SF6 ߩ᷹ቯ୯‫ޔ‬
ᐔဋ୯߅ࠃ߮ᮡḰ஍Ꮕࠍ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬10 ࿁ߩ➅ࠅ㄰ߒಽᨆߦࠃࠆ➅ࠅ㄰ߒ♖ᐲߪᐔဋ୯ 6.00ppt ߦኻߒߡߢ 0.31%㧔㧝
ǻ㧕ߢ޽ߞߚ‫ᦨޕ‬ㄭߩᄢ᳇ߦ߅ߌࠆ SF6 ỚᐲߩჇടㅦᐲߪ‫ޔ‬ᐕߦ߅ࠃߘ㧡%ߢ޽ࠆ߆ࠄ‫ߩߘޔ‬ᄌൻࠍᬌ಴ߔࠆߩ
ߦߪలಽߥಽᨆ♖ᐲࠍߎߩࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߪ᦭ߒߡ޿ࠆߣ޿߃ࠃ߁‫ޕ‬
Table 4-2 ߦߪࠃࠅỚᐲߩૐ޿ᮡḰࠟࠬ(CPB-30551)ߩ➅ࠅ㄰ߒ᷹ቯߩ⚿ᨐࠍ␜ߔ‫ߩߎ߅ߥޕ‬ᮡḰࠟࠬߩಽᨆ
ߢᓧࠄࠇࠆࡇ࡯ࠢ㕙Ⓧߪᶏ᳓Ớᐲߦߒߡ‫ ⚂ޔ‬0.4fmol/kg ߦ⋧ᒰߔࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ࠅ➅ޕ‬㄰ߒ♖ᐲߪవߦㅀߴߚᄢ
᳇࡟ࡌ࡞ߩ߽ߩߩ᷹ቯߦᲧߴࠇ߫߿߿⪭ߜࠆ㧔1ppt ߩỚᐲߦኻߒߡ 1.5%㧕߇‫ޔ‬ᕆỗߦߘߩỚᐲࠍᄢ᳇ਛߢჇട
ߐߖߡ߈ߚ SF6 ߩᄌൻࠍ⺰ߕࠆ਄ߢߪ߿ߪࠅలಽߥ♖ᐲߢ޽ࠆߣ޿߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬
ᶏ᳓ਛ SF6 ߩಽᨆߦߟ޿ߡߩࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩಽᨆᕈ⢻ࠍ⹏ଔߔࠆߚ߼ߦ‫ޔ‬㧝ᧄߩ࠾ࠬࠠࡦណ᳓ེ߆ࠄ㧞ᧄߩ⹜ᢱ
↉ߦᶏ᳓ࠍಽขߒ‫ߩࠇߙࠇߘޔ‬᷹ቯࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬᳇⽎ᐡಒ㘑ਣ RF-0610 ⥶ᶏߦ߅ߌࠆߘࠇࠄߩᐔဋ୯ߣᏅࠍ Table
4-3 ߦ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬
ߎߎߢߪ‫ޔ‬੝⴫ጀߦ߅޿ߡ㧝ᧄߩ࠾ࠬࠠࡦណ᳓ེ߆ࠄㅪ⛯ߒߡ㧞ᧄߩ⹜ᢱ↉ߦಽขߒߚᶏ᳓ߩಽᨆ⚿ᨐߪ⋧ኻ⺋
Ꮕ 0.8r0.5㧑ߢ‫⎇ᧄޔ‬ⓥ߇⋡ᮡߣߒߚ 1%એਅߩ♖ᐲࠍ㆐ᚑߢ߈ߚ‫ޕ‬
Table 4-1 Repeatability of atmospheric SF6
level gas standard analysis.
㪚㪧㪙㪊㪇㪌㪌㪌
㪈
㪉
㪊
㪋
㪌
㪍
㪎
㪏
㪐
㪈㪇
㪘㫍㪼㫉㪸㪾㪼
㪪㫋㪻㪅
㩿㩼㪀
Table 4-2 Repeatability of low-level gas SF6
standard analysis.
㪪㪝㪍㩷㩿㫇㫇㫋㪀
㪍㪅㪇㪇
㪌㪅㪐㪏
㪍㪅㪇㪉
㪌㪅㪐㪎
㪌㪅㪐㪐
㪍㪅㪇㪇
㪍㪅㪇㪇
㪍㪅㪇㪉
㪍㪅㪇㪊
㪍㪅㪇㪇
㪍㪅㪇㪇
㪇㪅㪇㪉
㪇㪅㪊㪈
㪪㪝㪍㩷㩿㫇㫇㫋㪀
㪈㪅㪇㪈
㪈㪅㪇㪊
㪈㪅㪇㪋
㪈㪅㪇㪉
㪈㪅㪇㪇
㪈㪅㪇㪇
㪈㪅㪇㪇
㪈㪅㪇㪇
㪈㪅㪇㪈
㪈㪅㪇㪇
㪈㪅㪇㪈
㪇㪅㪇㪈
㪈㪅㪌
㪚㪧㪙㪊㪇㪌㪌㪈
㪈
㪉
㪊
㪋
㪌
㪍
㪎
㪏
㪐
㪈㪇
㪘㫍㪼㫉㪸㪾㪼
㪪㫋㪻㪅
㩿㩼㪀
Table 4-3 Duplicate analysis of SF6 in seawater samples obtained from a Niskin Bottle.
㪊㪊㫦㪌㪐㪥
㪊㪇㫦㪇㪈㪥
㪈㪐㫦㪌㪐㪥
㪈㪇㫦㪇㪇㪥
㪌㫦㪇㪇㪥
㪧㫉㪼㫊㫊㫌㫉㪼
㪪㪝㪍
㩿㪻㪙㪀
㩿㪽㫄㫆㫃㪆㫂㪾㪀
㪐㪅㪋
㪈㪅㪇㪋㪉
㪈㪇㪅㪌
㪇㪅㪐㪉㪐
㪈㪇㪅㪍
㪇㪅㪏㪌㪊
㪈㪈㪅㪋
㪇㪅㪏㪋㪋
㪈㪇㪅㪌
㪇㪅㪏㪌㪉
㪈㪅㪇㪋㪌
㪇㪅㪐㪊㪋
㪇㪅㪏㪋㪈
㪇㪅㪏㪊㪐
㪇㪅㪏㪋㪉
㪛㫀㪽㪽㪼㫉㪼㫅㪺㪼
㩿㪽㫄㫆㫃㪆㫂㪾㪀
㪇㪅㪇㪇㪊
㪇㪅㪇㪇㪌
㪇㪅㪇㪈㪉
㪇㪅㪇㪇㪌
㪇㪅㪇㪈㪇
− 23 −
㪧㫉㪼㫊㫊㫌㫉㪼
㪪㪝㪍
㩿㪻㪙㪀
㩿㪽㫄㫆㫃㪆㫂㪾㪀
㪄
㪄
㪉㪇㪉㪊㪅㪈
㪥㪛
㪉㪇㪉㪈㪅㪊
㪥㪛
㪉㪇㪉㪈㪅㪋
㪥㪛
㪉㪇㪉㪈㪅㪋
㪥㪛
㪄
㪥㪛
㪥㪛
㪥㪛
㪥㪛
㪛㫀㪽㪽㪼㫉㪼㫅㪺㪼
㩿㪽㫄㫆㫃㪆㫂㪾㪀
㪄
㪄
㪄
㪄
㪄
気象研究所技術報告 第 51 号 2007
㪋㪄㪈 㪄㪉㪅 㩷 ᬌ ಴ 㒢 ⇇ 㩷
ࡉ࡜ࡦࠢࠟࠬߩ➅ࠅ㄰ߒ᷹ቯߦࠃߞߡᓧࠄࠇߚᧄࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩᬌ಴㒢⇇ߪᶏ᳓⹜ᢱߩ⹜ᢱ
ಽ ᨆ ኈ ㊂ 㧔 300cm3㧕 ߆ ࠄ 0.015fmol/kg ߣ ⸘ ▚ ߐ ࠇ ߚ ‫ ޕ‬᳓ ᷷ ߣ Ⴎ ಽ ࠍ ߘ ࠇ ߙ ࠇ 20͠ ߣ 34.5
ߣ ઒ ቯ ߔ ࠆ ߣ ‫ ߪ ࠇ ߎޔ‬ᄢ ᳇ ਛ ߩ 0 . 0 8 p p t ߦ ⋧ ᒰ ߔ ࠆ ‫ޕ‬ᄢ ᳇ ߦ ߅ ߌ ࠆ S F 6 ߩ ᤨ 㑆 ᄌ ൻ ߆ ࠄ 1 9 6 0
ᐕ ઍ ਛ 㗃 ߩ Ớ ᐲ ߣ ⸒ ߁ ߎ ߣ ߦ ߥ ࠅ ‫ ࠇ ߘ ޔ‬એ 㒠 ߩ ⷗ ߆ ߌ ߩ ᳓ ႙ ᐕ 㦂 ߦ ߟ ޿ ߡ CFCs ╬ ߣ Ყ セ น
⢻ߦߥߞߚߎߣࠍᗧ๧ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
㪋㪄㪉㪅㩷 ⷰ ᷹ ଀ 㩷
㪋㪄㪉 㪄㪈㪅 㩷 ᄢ ᳇ ⹜ ᢱ ಽ ᨆ 㩷
Figure 4-1 ߦߪ‫ޔ‬RF-0610 ⥶ᶏਛߦࠟ࡜ࠬᵈ኿╴ߢᓧߚᄢ᳇⹜ᢱߩಽᨆ⚿ᨐࠍ✲ᐲߦኻߒߡࡊࡠ࠶࠻ߒߚ‫ߎޕ‬
Atmospheric SF6 mixing ratio (ppt)
ߎߢߪ‫᦭ޔ‬ᗧߥ✲ᐲᄌൻࠍ⷗ߡขࠆߎߣߪߢ߈ߥ޿‫⹜ోޕ‬ᢱߩಽᨆ୯ߩᐔဋߪ 5.94+0.05ppt ߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬
6
5.98
5.96
5.94
5.92
5.9
0
5
10
15
20
Latitude (N)
25
30
35
Figure 4-1 Latitudinal distribution of atmospheric SF6 obtained during RF-0610.
㪋㪄㪉 㪄㪉㪅 㩷 ᶏ ᳓ ⹜ ᢱ ಽ ᨆ 㩷
Ta b l e 4 - 3 ߦ ߪ R F - 0 6 1 0 ⥶ ᶏ ᤨ ߦ ᳓ ᷓ 2 0 0 0 m ઃ ㄭ ߢ ᓧ ߚ 㧞 ᧄ ߩ ᶏ ᳓ ⹜ ᢱ ߦ ߟ ޿ ߡ ߩ ᷹ ቯ
⚿ ᨐ ࠍ ␜ ߒ ߚ ‫ ߩ ߎޕ‬᳓ ᷓ ߦ ߅ ޿ ߡ ߪ S F 6 ࠃ ࠅ ߽ ᣧ ޿ ᤨ ᦼ ߦ ૶ ↪ ߩ ᆎ ߹ ߞ ߚ C F C s Ớ ᐲ ߪ ᬌ ಴
㒢 ⇇ 㧔 0.010pmol/kg㧕 એ ਅ ߢ ޽ ߞ ߚ ߇ ‫ ޔ‬SF6 ߩ Ớ ᐲ ߽ ห ᭽ ߦ ᬌ ಴ 㒢 ⇇ 㧔 0.020fmol/kg㧕 એ ਅ
ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᶏ᳓⹜ᢱࠍᳪᨴߔࠆߎߣߥߊណ᳓‫ޔ‬᷹ቯߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߚ‫ޕ‬
Figure 4-2 ߦ ߪ ‫ ޔ‬ಒ 㘑 ਣ RF-0610 ⥶ ᶏ ߦ ߅ ޿ ߡ ‫ ޔ‬2006 ᐕ 㧝 ᦬ ߦ ᧲ ⚻ 136 ᐲ 59.3 ಽ ‫ ޔ‬ർ
✲ 3 0 ᐲ 0 1 . 0 ಽ ߦ ߡ ⷰ ᷹ ߒ ߚ ࡐ ࠹ ࡦ ࠪ ࡖ ࡞ ᷷ ᐲ㧔 T h e t a 㧕‫ޔ‬Ⴎ ಽ㧔 S a l i n i t y 㧕‫ޔ‬S F 6 Ớ ᐲ ‫ޔ‬C F C - 1 2
Ớ ᐲ ‫ ޔ‬SF6 ߣ CFC-12 Ớ ᐲ ߆ ࠄ ᓧ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ ⷗ ߆ ߌ ߩ SF6 Age ߣ CFC-12 Age ෸ ߮ ⷗ ߆ ߌ ߩ ㉄ ⚛
ᶖ ⾌ ㊂ 㧔 AOU㧕 ߩ ㋦ ⋥ ಽ Ꮣ ࠍ ␜ ߔ ‫ ޕ‬SF6 Ớ ᐲ ߪ ੝ ⴫ ጀ ߦ ᭂ ᄢ ࠍ ᜬ ߜ ߘ ࠇ એ ᷓ ߢ ߪ ᷓ ߊ ߥ ࠆ ߣ
ߣ ߽ ߦ ᷫ ዋ ߒ ߚ ‫ ޕ‬SF6 ෸ ߮ CFC-12 Ớ ᐲ ߩ ㋦ ⋥ ಽ Ꮣ ߪ ‫ ߩ ߘ ޔ‬ᄢ ᳇ ߩ ጁ ᱧ ߣ ᶏ ᳓ ߳ ߩ ṁ ⸃ ᐲ ߩ
᷷ᐲଐሽᕈߩ㆑޿ࠍ෻ᤋߒߡᄢ߈ߊ⇣ߥߞߡ޿ߚ߇ߘࠇߙࠇ߆ࠄ⷗Ⓧߞߚ࠻࡟࡯ࠨ࡯ᐕ㦂
ߪ⦟ߊ৻⥌ߒߚ‫ޔߪߡ޿ߟߦ⚦⹦ߩߎޕ‬೎ߦ⼏⺰ߒߡ޿ߊ੍ቯߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
− 24 −
気象研究所技術報告 第 51 号 2007
Theta
0
0
5
10
15
Salinity
20
25
30
34.1 34.2 34.3 34.4 34.5 34.6 34.7 34.8 34.9
0
500
Pressure (dB)
Pressure (dB)
500
1000
1000
1500
1500
(a)
2000
(b)
2000
SF 6
0
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
0
500
0
0.5
1
2
2.5
Pressure (dB)
Pressure (dB)
1000
1500
1500
(c)
2000
(d)
2000
SF6, CFC-12 Age
0
10
20
30
AOU
40
50
-50
0
60
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
500
Pressure (dB)
Pressure (dB)
500
1000
1000
1500
1500
SF6 Age
CFC-12 Age
2000
1.5
500
1000
-10
0
CFC-12
(e)
2000
(f)
Figure 4-2 Vertical distribution of (a) potential temperature(˚C), (b) salinity, (c) SF6 concentration (fmol/kg), (d) CFC-12 concentration
(pmol/kg), SF6 and CFC-12 tracer age (yr) and AOU (μmol/kg) at 137˚E, 30˚N.
− 25 −
気象研究所技術報告 第 51 号 2007
㪋㪄 㪊 ᦨ ᓟ 䈮㩷
ᄢ᳇߅ࠃ߮ᶏ᳓ਛߩ SF6 ࠍ㜞♖ᐲߦ᷹ቯߢ߈ࠆⵝ⟎ࠍ㐿⊒ߒߚ‫ࠅࠃޔߚ߹ޕ‬ૐỚᐲߩᶏ᳓ਛ SF6 ߩ᷹ቯߦᔅ
ⷐߥណ᳓↉ࠍ૞⵾ߒߚ‫ߡ޿↪ࠍ⟎ⵝߩߎޕ‬੩ㇺ⼏ቯᦠߦߡⷙ೙ኻ⽎‛⾰ߣߐࠇߚ SF6 ߩᄢ᳇Ớᐲࠍࡕ࠾࠲࡯ߔ
ࠆߣߣ߽ߦ‫ޔ‬ᶏᵗߦ߅޿ߡߪᶏ᳓ᵹേߩൻቇ࠻࡟࡯ࠨ࡯ߣߒߡߎࠇ߆ࠄ߽᷹ቯࠍⴕߞߡ޿ߊ੍ቯߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
ⵝ⟎ߩ㐿⊒ߣߣ߽ߦ‫ޔ‬SF6 ᮡḰࠟࠬ㧔MRI SF6 Calibration Scale㧕ࠍ⏕┙ߔߴߊታ㛎ࠍⴕߞߡ߈ߚ⚿ᨐ‫ޔ‬቟
ቯߥᮡḰࠟࠬࠍ᷹ⷰߩ⃻႐ߢ૶↪ߢ߈ࠆ૕೙ࠍ⏕┙ߒߚ‫⃻ޕ‬࿷ߪ߹ߛᚒ‫ ߣ࡞࡯ࠤࠬߩޘ‬SF6 ࠍ᷹ቯߒߡ޿ࠆઁ
ߩᯏ㑐ߩࠬࠤ࡯࡞ߣߩ⋧੕Ყセߪⴕߞߡ޿ߥ޿߇‫੹ޔ‬ᓟ‫⋧ޔ‬੕Ყセࠍታᣉߒߚ޿ߣ⠨߃ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
ᦨೋߦ߽ㅀߴߚ߇‫ ߪ⺰ᧄޔ‬SF6 ߿ઁߩ⿥ᓸ㊂᳇૕ᚑಽߩಽᨆ⠪ߩߚ߼ߩࠟࠗ࠼ߣߥࠆߎߣࠍ⋡ᜰߒߡ૞ᚑߒ
ߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆߚ߼‫⎇ޔ‬ⓥ࡮ᛛⴚߩႎ๔ߣߒߡߪ⧯ᐓਇㆡᒰߥ⴫⃻ࠍ↪޿ߡ޿ࠆ߆߽ߒࠇߥ޿߇߅⸵ߒ޿ߚߛ߈ߚ
޿‫ޕ‬
᷹ⷰߩ⃻႐ߢಽᨆࠍᜂ߁ੱ‫ߩޘ‬ᚻߦࠃߞߡᧄ⺰߇ୃᱜߐࠇ‫ߡߒߣ࠼ࠗࠟ޿ࠃࠅࠃޔ‬㗂ߌࠇ߫ᐘ޿ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
− 26 −
気象研究所技術報告 第 51 号 2007
㪩㪼㪽㪼㫉㪼㫅㪺㪼㫊㩷
Bauer, S., C. Fulda and W. Schafer, A multi-tracer study in a shallow aquifer using age dating tracers 3H,
85Kr,
CFC-113 and SF6 – Indication for retarded transport of CFC-113. J. Hydrol., 248, 14-34 (2001)
Bullister, J. L., D. P. Wisegarver and F. A. Menzia, The solubility of sulfur hexafluoride in water and
seawater. Deep-Sea Res., 49, 175-187 (2002)
Dillon, K. S., D. R. Corbett, J. P. Chanton, W. C. Burnett and D. J. Furbish, The use of sulfur hexafluoride
(SF6) as a tracer of septic tank effluent in the Florida Keys. J. Hydrol., 220, 129-140 (1999)
Elias, L., M. McCooeye and G. Gardner, On-site measurement of atmospheric tracer gases. Geophys. Res.
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Elkins, J. W., D. W. Fahey, J. M. Gilligan, G. S. Dutton, T. J. baring, C. M. Volk, R. E. Dunn, R. C. Myers, S.
A. Montzka, P. R. Wamsley, A. H. Hayden, J. H. Butler, T. M. Thompson, T. H. Swanson, E. J.
Dlugokencky, P. C. Novelli, D. F. Hurst, J. M. Lobert, S. J. Ciciora, R. J. McLaughlin, T. L. Thompson,
R. H. Winkler, P. J. Fraser, L. P. Steele and M. P. Lucarelli, Airborne gas chromatograph for in situ
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Geller, L. S., J. W. Elkins, J. M. Lobert, A. D. Clarke, D. F. Hurst, J. H. Butler and R. C. Myers,
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latitudinal
distribution
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trends,
derived
emissions
and
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Harnisch, J. and A. Eisenhauer, Natural CF4 and SF6 on Earth. Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 2401-2404 (1998)
Hirota, M. and H. Muramatsu, Gas-chromatographic measurements of atmospheric sulfur hexafluoride.
Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 59, 329-331 (1986)
Kjellström, E., J. Feichter and G. Hoffman, Transport of SF6 and CO2 in the atmospheric general
circulation model ECHAM4. Tellus, 52B, 1-18 (2000)
Ko, M. K. W., N. D. Sze, W.-C. Wang, G. Shia, A. Goldman, F. J. Murcray, D. G. Murcray and C. P. Rinsland,
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Krey, P. W., R. J. Lagomarsino and L. E. Toonkel, Gaseous halogens in the atmosphere in 1975. J. Geophys.
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Law, C. S. and A. J. Watson, Determination of Persian Gulf Water transport and oxygen utilization rates
using SF6 as a novel transient tracer. Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 815-818 (2001)
Law, C. S., A. J. Watson and M. I. Liddicoat, Automated vacuum analysis of sulphur hexafluoride in
seawater: derivation of the atmospheric trend (1970-1993) and potential as a transient tracer. Mar.
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Law, C. S., A. J. Watson, M. I. Liddicoat and T. Stanton, Sulphur hexafluoride as a tracer of biogeochemical
and physical processes in an open-ocean iron fertilization experiment. Deep-Sea Res., 45, 977-994
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Ledwell, J. R. and A. J. Watson, The Santa Monica Basin Tracer Experiment: a study of diapycnal and
isopycnal mixing. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 8695-8718 (1991)
Levin, I., and V. Hesshaimer, Refining of atmospheric transport model entries by the globally observed
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気象研究所技術報告 第 51 号 2007
passive tracer distributions of
85krypton
and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6). J. Geophys. Res., 101,
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Lovelock, J. E., Atmospheric fluorine compounds as indicators of air movements. Nature, 230, 379 (1971)
㑆ᧁ㆏᡽‫ޔ‬ਅፉ౏♿‫ޔ‬SF6 ࠍ↪޿ߚᄢ᳇-ᶏᵗ㑆ߩ CO2 ᳇૕੤឵ㆊ⒟ߩផቯ‫ޔ‬㔚ജਛᄩ⎇ⓥᚲႎ๔‫ޔ‬U01029‫ޔ‬
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Tanhua, T., K. A. Olsson and E. Fogelqvist, A first study of SF6 as a transient tracer in the Southern Ocean.
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Walker, S. J., R. F. Weiss and P. K. Salameh, Reconstructed histories of the annual mean atmospheric mole
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105, 14285-14296 (2000)
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hexafluoride on a lake. Science, 227, 1224-1226 (1985)
Wanninkhof, R., J. R. Ledwell and A. J. Watson, Analysis of sulfur hexafluoride in seawater. J. Geophys.
Res., 96, 8733-8740 (1991)
Watanabe, Y. W., A. Shimamoto and T. Ono, Comparison of time-dependent tracer ages in the western
North Pacific: oceanic background levels of SF6, CFC-11, CFC-12 and CFC-113. J. Oceanogr., 59,
719-729 (2003)
Watson, A. J. and M. I. Liddicoat, Recent history of atmospheric trace gas concentrations deduced from
measurements in the deep sea: application to sulphur hexafluoride and carbon tetrachloride. Atmos.
Environ., 19, 1477-1484 (1985)
Watson, A. J., R. C. Upstill-Goddard and P. S. Liss, Air-sea gas exchange in rough and stormy seas
measured by a dual-tracer technique. Nature, 349, 145-147 (1991b)
− 28 −
気象研究所技術報告 第 51 号 2007
Watson, A. J., J. R. Ledwell and S. C. Sutherland, The Santa Monica Basin Tracer Experiment: comparison
of release methods and performance of perfluorodecalin and sulfur hexafluoride. J. Geophys. Res., 96,
8719-8725 (1991)
− 29 −
᳇⽎⎇ⓥᚲᛛⴚႎ๔৻ⷩ⴫
╙㧝ภ ࡃ࠶ࠢࠣ࡜࠙ࡦ࠼ᄢ᳇ᳪᨴߩ᷹ቯᴺߩ㐿⊒㧔࿾⃿ⷙᮨᄢ᳇ᳪᨴ․೎⎇ⓥ⃰㧘1978㧕
Development of Monitoring Techniques for Global Background Air Pollution. (MRI Special Research Group on Global
Atmospheric Pollution, 1978)
╙㧞ภ ਥⷐᵴἫጊߩ࿾Ზᄌേਗ߮ߦ࿾ᾲ⁁ᘒߩ⺞ᩏ⎇ⓥ㧔࿾㔡Ἣጊ⎇ⓥㇱ㧘1979㧕
Investigation of Ground Movement and Geothermal State of Main Active Volcanoes in Japan. (Seismology and
Volcanology Research Division, 1979)
╙㧟ภ ╳ᵄ⎇ⓥቇ࿦ㇺᏒߦᣂ⸳ߐࠇߚ᳇⽎᷹ⷰ↪㋕Ⴁᣉ⸳㧔⧎ᚱ㦖↵࡮⮮⼱ᓼਯഥ࡮઻㊁ ⊓࡮㝼ᵤ ඳ㧘1979㧕
On the Meteorological Tower and Its Observational System at Tsukuba Science City. (T. Hanafusa, T. Fujitani, N. Banno,
and H. Uozu, 1979)
╙㧠ภ ᶏᐩ࿾㔡Ᏹᤨ᷹ⷰࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩ㐿⊒㧔࿾㔡Ἣጊ⎇ⓥㇱ㧘1980㧕
Permanent Ocean㧙Bottom Seismograph Observation System. (Seismology and Volcanology Research Division, 1980)
╙㧡ภ ᧄᎺධᣇᶏၞ᳓᷷࿑㧙400m㧔෶ߪ 500m㧕ᷓߣ 1,000m ᷓ㧙㧔1934㧙1943 ᐕ෸߮ 1954㧙1980 ᐕ㧕㧔ᶏᵗ⎇ⓥㇱ㧘
1981㧕
Horizontal Distribution of Temperature in 400m (or 500m) and 1,000m Depth in Sea South of Honshu, Japan and Western
㧙North Pacific Ocean from 1934 to 1943 and from 1954 to 1980. (Oceanographical Research Division, 1981)
╙㧢ภ ᚑጀ࿤ࠝ࠱ࡦߩ⎕უߦߟߥ߇ࠆᄢ᳇ᚑಽ෸߮⚡ᄖᣣ኿ߩ᷹ⷰ㧔㜞ጀ‛ℂ⎇ⓥㇱ㧘1982㧕
Observations of the Atmospheric Constituents Related to the Stratospheric ozon Depletion and the Ultraviolet Radiation.
(Upper Atmosphere Physics Research Division, 1982)
╙㧣ภ 83 ဳᒝ㔡⸘ߩ㐿⊒㧔࿾㔡Ἣጊ⎇ⓥㇱ㧘1983㧕
Strong㧙Motion Seismograph Model 83 for the Japan Meteorological Agency Network. (Seismology and Volcanology
Research Division, 1983)
╙㧤ภ ᄢ᳇ਛߦ߅ߌࠆ㔐 ߩⲢ⸃⃻⽎ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ㧔‛ℂ᳇⽎⎇ⓥㇱ㧘1984㧕
The Study of Melting of Snowflakes in the Atmosphere. (Physical Meteorology Research Division, 1984)
╙㧥ภ ᓮ೨ፒධᣇᴒߦ߅ߌࠆᶏᐩ᳓࿶᷹ⷰ㧔࿾㔡Ἣጊ⎇ⓥㇱ࡮ᶏᵗ⎇ⓥㇱ㧘1984㧕
Bottom Pressure Observation South off Omaezaki, Central Honsyu. (Seismology and Volcanology Research Division and
Oceanographical Research Division, 1984)
╙ 10 ภ ᣣᧄઃㄭߩૐ᳇࿶ߩ⛔⸘㧔੍ႎ⎇ⓥㇱ㧘1984㧕
Statistics on Cyclones around Japan. (Forecast Research Division, 1984)
╙ 11 ภ ዪ࿾㘑ߣᄢ᳇ᳪᨴ⾰ߩャㅍߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ㧔ᔕ↪᳇⽎⎇ⓥㇱ㧘1984㧕
Observations and Numerical Experiments on Local Circulation and Medium㧙Range Transport of Air Pollutions.
(Applied Meteorology Research Division, 1984)
╙ 12 ภ Ἣጊᵴേ⋙ⷞᚻᴺߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ㧔࿾㔡Ἣጊ⎇ⓥㇱ㧘1984㧕
Investigation on the Techniques for Volcanic Activity Surveillance. (Seismology and Volcanology Research Division,
1984)
╙ 13 ภ ᳇⽎⎇ⓥᚲᄢ᳇ᄢᓴⅣࡕ࠺࡞㧙Σ㧔MRI࡮GCM㧙㸇㧕㧔੍ႎ⎇ⓥㇱ㧘1984㧕
A Description of the MRI Atmospheric General Circulation Model (The MRI࡮GCM㧙Σ). (Forecast Research Division,
− 30 −
1984)
╙ 14 ภ บ㘑ߩ᭴ㅧߩᄌൻߣ⒖േߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ㧙บ㘑 7916 ߩ৻↢㧙㧔บ㘑⎇ⓥㇱ㧘1985㧕
A Study on the Changes of the Three - Dimensional Structure and the Movement Speed of the Typhoon through its Life
Time. (Typhoon Research Division, 1985)
╙ 15 ภ ᵄᶉផ▚ࡕ࠺࡞ MRI ߣ MRI㧙Τߩ⋧੕Ყセ⎇ⓥ㧙⸘▚⚿ᨐ࿑㓸㧙㧔ᶏᵗ᳇⽎⎇ⓥㇱ㧘1985㧕
An Intercomparison Study between the Wave Models MRI and MRI 㧙 Τ 㧙 A Compilation of Results 㧙
(Oceanographical Research Division, 1985)
╙ 16 ภ ࿾㔡੍⍮ߦ㑐ߔࠆታ㛎⊛෸߮ℂ⺰⊛⎇ⓥ㧔࿾㔡Ἣጊ⎇ⓥㇱ㧘1985㧕
Study on Earthquake Prediction by Geophysical Method. (Seismology and Volcanology Research Division, 1985)
╙ 17 ภ ർඨ⃿࿾਄᦬ᐔဋ᳇᷷஍Ꮕ࿑㧔੍ႎ⎇ⓥㇱ㧘1986㧕
Maps of Monthly Mean Surface Temperature Anomalies over the Northern Hemisphere for 1891㧙1981. (Forecast
Research Division, 1986)
╙ 18 ภ ਛጀᄢ᳇ߩ⎇ⓥ㧔㜞ጀ‛ℂ⎇ⓥㇱ࡮᳇⽎ⴡᤊ⎇ⓥㇱ࡮੍ႎ⎇ⓥㇱ࡮࿾⏛᳇᷹ⷰᚲ㧘1986㧕
Studies of the Middle Atmosphere. (Upper Atmosphere Physics Research Division, Meteorological Satellite Research
Division, Forecast Research Division, MRI and the Magnetic Observatory, 1986)
╙ 19 ภ ࠼࠶ࡊ࡜࡯࡟࡯࠳ߦࠃࠆ᳇⽎࡮ᶏ⽎ߩ⎇ⓥ㧔᳇⽎ⴡᤊ⎇ⓥㇱ࡮บ㘑⎇ⓥㇱ࡮੍ႎ⎇ⓥㇱ࡮ᔕ↪᳇⽎⎇ⓥㇱ࡮ᶏ
ᵗ⎇ⓥㇱ㧘1986㧕
Studies on Meteorological and Sea Surface Phenomena by Doppler Radar. (Meteorological Satellite Research Division,
Typhoon Research Division, Forecast Research Division, Applied Meteorology Research Division, and Oceanographical
Research Division, 1986)
╙ 20 ภ ᳇⽎⎇ⓥᚲኻᵹ࿤ᄢ᳇ᄢᓴⅣࡕ࠺࡞㧔MRI࡮GCM㧙Σ㧕ߦࠃࠆ 12 ᐕ㑆ಽߩⓍಽ㧔੍ႎ⎇ⓥㇱ㧘1986㧕
Mean Statistics of the Tropospheric MRI࡮GCM㧙Σbased on 12㧙year Integration. (Forecast Research Division, 1986)
╙ 21 ภ ቝቮ✢ਛ㑆ሶᒝᐲ 1983㧙1986㧔㜞ጀ‛ℂ⎇ⓥㇱ㧘1987㧕
Multi㧙Directional Cosmic Ray Meson Intensity 1983㧙1986. (Upper Atmosphere Physics Research Division, 1987)
╙ 22 ภ 㕒ᱛ᳇⽎ⴡᤊ‫↹ޠࠅࠊ߹߭ޟ‬௝ߩྃἫྃᾍ࠺࡯࠲ߦၮߠߊྃἫᵴേߩ⸃ᨆߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ㧔࿾㔡Ἣጊ⎇ⓥㇱ㧘 1987㧕
Study on Analysis of Volcanic Eruptions based on Eruption Cloud Image Data obtained by the Geostationary
Meteorological satellite (GMS). (Seismology and Volcanology Research Division, 1987)
╙ 23 ภ ࠝࡎ࡯࠷ࠢᶏᶏᵗ᳇୥࿑㧔◉ේศ㓶࡮྾┑ାⴕ㧘1988㧕
Marine Climatological Atlas of the sea of Okhotsk. (Y. Shinohara and N. Shikama, 1988)
╙ 24 ภ ᶏᵗᄢᓴⅣࡕ࠺࡞ࠍ↪޿ߚ㘑ߩᔕജ⇣Ᏹߦኻߔࠆᄥᐔᵗߩᔕ╵ታ㛎㧔ᶏᵗ⎇ⓥㇱ㧘1989㧕
Response Experiment of Pacific Ocean to Anomalous Wind Stress with Ocean General Circulation Model.
(Oceanographical Research Division, 1989)
╙ 25 ภ ᄥᐔᵗߦ߅ߌࠆᶏᵗ⻉ⷐ⚛ߩቄ▵ᐔဋಽᏓ㧔ᶏᵗ⎇ⓥㇱ㧘1989㧕
Seasonal Mean Distribution of Sea Properties in the Pacific. (Oceanographical Research Division, 1989)
╙ 26 ภ ࿾㔡೨ళ⃻⽎ߩ࠺࡯࠲ࡌ࡯ࠬ㧔࿾㔡Ἣጊ⎇ⓥㇱ㧘1990㧕
Database of Earthquake Precursors. (Seismology and Volcanology Research Division, 1990)
╙ 27 ภ ᴒ✽࿾ᣇߦ߅ߌࠆ᪢㔎ᦼߩ㒠᳓ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩ․ᕈ㧔บ㘑⎇ⓥㇱ㧘1991㧕
Characteristics of Precipitation Systems During the Baiu Season in the Okinawa Area. (Typhoon Research Division,
1991)
− 31 −
╙ 28 ภ ᳇⽎⎇ⓥᚲ࡮੍ႎ⎇ⓥㇱߢ㐿⊒ߐࠇߚ㕖㕒᳓࿶ࡕ࠺࡞㧔ⁿᎹర⥝࡮ᢧ⮮๺㓶㧘1991㧕
Description of a Nonhydrostatic Model Developed at the Forecast Research Department of the MRI. (M. Ikawa and K.
Saito, 1991)
╙ 29 ภ 㔕ߩ᡼኿ㆊ⒟ߦ㑐ߔࠆ✚ว⊛⎇ⓥ㧔᳇୥⎇ⓥㇱ࡮‛ℂ᳇⽎⎇ⓥㇱ࡮ᔕ↪᳇⽎⎇ⓥㇱ࡮᳇⽎ⴡᤊ࡮᷹ⷰࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ
⎇ⓥㇱ࡮บ㘑⎇ⓥㇱ㧘1992㧕
A Synthetic Study on Cloud㧙Radiation Processes. (Climate Research Department, Physical Meteorology Research
Department, Applied Meteorology Research Department, Meteorological Satellite and Observation System Research
Department, and Typhoon Research Department, 1992)
╙ 30 ภ ᄢ᳇ߣᶏᵗ࡮࿾⴫ߣߩࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯੤឵ㆊ⒟ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ㧔ਃ਄ᱜ↵࡮㆙⮮᣽ብ࡮ᣂ㊁ ብ࡮ጊፒቁᴦ㧘1992㧕
Studies of Energy Exchange Processes between the Ocean㧙Ground Surface and Atmosphere. (M. Mikami, M. Endoh, H.
Niino, and K. Yamazaki, 1992)
╙ 31 ภ 㒠᳓ᣣߩ಴⃻㗫ᐲ߆ࠄߺߚᣣᧄߩቄ▵ផ⒖㧙30 ᐕ㑆ߩᣣ㒠᳓㊂⾗ᢱߦၮߠߊ⛔⸘㧙㧔⑺ጊቁሶ㧘1993㧕
Seasonal Transition in Japan, as Revealed by Appearance Frequency of Precipitating-Days. 㧙Statistics of Daily
Precipitation Data During 30 Years㧙(T. Akiyama, 1993)
╙ 32 ภ ⋥ਅဳ࿾㔡੍⍮ߦ㑐ߔࠆ᷹ⷰ⊛⎇ⓥ㧔࿾㔡Ἣጊ⎇ⓥㇱ㧘1994㧕
Observational Study on the Prediction of Disastrous Intraplate Earthquakes. (Seismology and Volcanology Research
Department, 1994)
╙ 33 ภ ฦ⒳᳇⽎᷹ⷰᯏེߦࠃࠆᲧセ᷹ⷰ㧔᳇⽎ⴡᤊ࡮᷹ⷰࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ⎇ⓥㇱ㧘1994㧕
Intercomparisons of Meteorological Observation Instruments. (Meteorological Satellite and Observation System Research
Department, 1994)
╙ 34 ภ ⎫㤛㉄ൻ‛ߩ㐳〒㔌ャㅍࡕ࠺࡞ߣ᧲ࠕࠫࠕ࿾ၞ߳ߩㆡ↪㧔ᔕ↪᳇⽎⎇ⓥㇱ㧘1995㧕
The Long㧙Range Transport Model of Sulfur Oxides and Its Application to the East Asian Region. (Applied Meteorology
Research Department, 1995)
╙ 35 ภ ࠙ࠗࡦ࠼ࡊࡠࡈࠔࠗ࡜࡯ߦࠃࠆ᳇⽎ߩ᷹ⷰᴺߩ⎇ⓥ㧔᳇⽎ⴡᤊ࡮᷹ⷰࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ⎇ⓥㇱ㧘1995㧕
Studies on Wind Profiler Techniques for the Measurements of Winds. (Meteorological Satellite and Observation System
Research Department, 1995)
╙ 36 ภ 㒠᳓࡮⪭ਅႲਛߩੱᎿ᡼኿ᕈᩭ⒳ߩಽᨆᴺ෸߮ߘߩ࿾⃿ൻቇ⊛⎇ⓥ㧔࿾⃿ൻቇ⎇ⓥㇱ㧘1996㧕
Geochemical Studies and Analytical Methods of Anthropogenic Radionuclides in Fallout Samples. (Geochemical
Research Department, 1996)
╙ 37 ภ ᄢ᳇ߣᶏᵗߩ࿾⃿ൻቇ⊛⎇ⓥ㧔1995 ᐕ෸߮ 1996 ᐕ㧕㧔࿾⃿ൻቇ⎇ⓥㇱ㧘1998㧕
Geochemical Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean in 1995 and 1996. (Geochemical Research Department, 1998)
╙ 38 ภ ㋦⋥㧞ᰴర㕖✢ᒻ໧㗴㧔㊄ਭඳᔘ㧘1999㧕
Vertically 2-dmensional Nonlinear Problem. (H. Kanehisa, 1999)
╙ 39 ภ ቴⷰ⊛੍ႎᛛⴚߩ⎇ⓥ㧔੍ႎ⎇ⓥㇱ㧘2000㧕
Study on the Objective Forecasting Techniques㧔Forecast Research Department, 2000㧕
╙ 40 ภ ධ㑐᧲࿾ၞߦ߅ߌࠆᔕജ႐ߣ࿾㔡ᵴേ੍᷹ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ㧔࿾㔡Ἣጊ⎇ⓥㇱ㧘2000㧕
Study on Stress Field and Forecast of Seismic Activity in the Kanto Region㧔Seismology and Volcanology Research
Department, 2000㧕
╙ 41 ภ 㔚㊂Ṣቯᴺߦࠃࠆᶏ᳓ਛߩో὇㉄Ớᐲߩ㜞♖ᐲಽᨆ߅ࠃ߮ᄢ᳇ਛߩੑ㉄ൻ὇⚛ߣᶏ᳓ਛߩో὇㉄ߩ᡼኿ᕈ὇⚛
− 32 −
ห૏૕Ყߩ᷹ቯ㧔⍹੗㓷↵࡮ศᎹਭᐘ࡮᧻ᨑ⑲๺㧘2000㧕
Coulometric Precise Analysis of Total Inorganic Carbon in Seawater and Measurements of Radiocarbon for the Carbon
Dioxide in the Atmosphere and for the Total Inorganic Carbon in Seawater㧔I.Masao, H.Y.Inoue and H.Matsueda, 2000㧕
╙ 42 ภ ᳇⽎⎇ⓥᚲ㧛ᢙ୯੍ႎ⺖⛔৻㕖㕒ജቇࡕ࠺࡞㧔ᢧ⮮๺㓶࡮ട⮮ノਯ࡮᳗ᚭਭ༑࡮ቶ੗ߜ޽ߒ㧘2001㧕
Documentation of the Meteorological Research Institute / Numerical Prediction Division Unified Nonhydrostatic
Model(Kazuo Saito, Teruyuki Kato, Hisaki Eito and Chiashi Muroi㧘2001)
╙ 43 ภ ᄢ᳇߅ࠃ߮ᶏ᳓ਛߩࠢࡠࡠࡈ࡞ࠝࡠࠞ࡯ࡏࡦ㘃ߩ♖ኒ᷹ቯߣ᳇⽎⎇ⓥᚲࠢࡠࡠࡈ࡞ࠝࡠࠞ࡯ࡏࡦ㘃ᮡḰࠟࠬߩ
⏕┙㧔ᤨᨑ㓉ਯ࡮੗਄(ศᎹ)ਭᐘ㧘2004㧕
Precise measurements of atmospheric and oceanic chlorofluorocarbons and MRI chlorofluorocarbons calibration
scale(Takayuki Tokieda and Hisayuki Y. Inoue㧘2004)
╙ 44 ภ PostScript ࠦ࡯࠼ࠍ↢ᚑߔࠆឬ↹࠷࡯࡞"PLOTPS"ࡑ࠾ࡘࠕ࡞㧔ട⮮ノਯ㧘2004㧕
Documentation of "PLOTPS": Outputting Tools for PostScript Code(Teruyuki Kato㧘2004)
╙ 45 ภ ᳇⽎ᐡ෸߮᳇⽎⎇ⓥᚲߦ߅ߌࠆੑ㉄ൻ὇⚛ߩ㐳ᦼ᷹ⷰߦ૶↪ߐࠇߚᮡḰࠟࠬߩࠬࠤ࡯࡞ߣߘߩ቟ቯᕈߩౣ⹏ଔ
ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⺞ᩏ࡮⎇ⓥ㧔᧻ᨑ⑲๺࡮㗇↰৻ੱ࡮⷏ጟ૒༑ሶ࡮ᐔ㊁␞ᦶ࡮Ỉ ᐾ੺࡮ဝ੗৻ኡ࡮ႇ ਯᥓ࡮␹⼱߭
ߣߺ࡮ᩮᧄ๺ብ࡮㐳੗⑲᮸࡮ศ↰㓷ม࡮ጤ㊁࿦ၔ࡮ጊᧄ ᴦ࡮᫪ਅ⑲ᤘ࡮㎨↰ආବ࡮๺↰ ᤩ㧘2004㧕
Re-evaluation for scale and stability of CO2 standard gases used as long-term observations at the Japan Meteorological
Agency and the Meteorological Research Institute (Hidekazu Matsueda, Kazuto Suda, Sakiko Nishioka, Toshirou Hirano,
Yousuke, Sawa, Kazuhiro Tuboi, Tsutumi, Hitomi Kamiya, Kazuhiro Nemoto, Hideki Nagai, Masashi Yoshida, Sonoki
Iwano, Osamu Yamamoto, Hideaki Morishita, Kamata, Akira Wada㧘2004)
╙ 46 ภ ࿾㔡⊒↢ㆊ⒟ߩ⹦⚦ߥࡕ࠺࡝ࡦࠣߦࠃࠆ᧲ᶏ࿾㔡⊒↢ߩផቯ♖ᐲะ਄ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ㧔࿾㔡Ἣጊ⎇ⓥㇱ, 2005㧕
A Study to Improve Accuracy of Forecasting the Tokai Earthquake by Modeling the Generation Processes (Seismology
and Volcanology Research Department, 2005)
╙ 47 ภ ᳇⽎⎇ⓥᚲ౒↪ᶏᵗࡕ࠺࡞㧔㧹㧾㧵.㧯㧻㧹㧕⸃⺑㧔ᶏᵗ⎇ⓥㇱ, 2005㧕
Meteorological Research Institute Community Ocean Model (MRI.COM) Manual (Oceanographical Research
Department, 2005)
╙ 48 ภ ᣣᧄᶏ㒠㔐㔕ߩ㒠᳓ᯏ᭴ߣੱᎿ⺞▵ߩน⢻ᕈߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ㧔‛ℂ᳇⽎⎇ⓥㇱ࡮੍ႎ⎇ⓥㇱ, 2005㧕
Study of Precipitation Mechanisms in Snow Clouds over the Sea of Japan and Feasibility of Their Modification by
Seeding (Physical Meteorology Research Department, Forecast Research Department, 2005)
╙ 49 ภ 2004 ᐕᣣᧄ਄㒽บ㘑ߩ᭎ⷐߣⅣႺ႐㧔บ㘑⎇ⓥㇱ, 2006㧕
Summary of Landfalling Typhoons in Japan, 2004 (Typhoon Research Department, 2006)
╙ 50 ภ ᩕ㙃Ⴎ᷹ቯ↪ᶏ᳓⚵ᚑᮡḰߩ 2003 ᐕ࿖㓙౒หታ㛎ႎ๔㧔㕍ጊ㆏ᄦ, 2006㧕
2003 Intercomparison Exercise for Reference Material for Nutrients in Seawater in a Seawater Matrix (Michio Aoyama,
2006)
− 33 −
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⸶ 㧘 ޽ ࠆ ޿ ߪߘ ߩ ઁ ߦ ೑ ↪ߔ ࠆ ႐ ว ߪ ᳇⽎ ⎇ ⓥ ᚲ ߩ ⸵ ⻌ ࠍ ᓧ ߥ ߌ ࠇ ߫ ߥ ࠄ ߥ ޿ ‫ޕ‬୘ ੱ ߇ ⎇ ⓥ 㧘 ቇ ⠌ 㧘 ᢎ ⢒
ߦ ૶ ↪ ߔ ࠆ ႐ ว ߪ ಴ ᚲ ࠍ ᣿ ␜ ߔ ࠇ ߫ ᳇ ⽎ ⎇ⓥᚲߩ⸵⻌ࠍᔅⷐߣߒߥ޿‫ ޕ‬
᳇ ⽎ ⎇
ⓥ ᚲ ᛛ ⴚ ႎ ๔
ISSN 0386-4049
気象研究所技術報告 ISSN
0386-4049
╙ 51 ภ
第 51 号
ᐔᚑ 20 ᐕ ٤᦬ ⊒ⴕ
平成 19 年 12 月 発行
✬ 㓸 ౗
編⠪
集兼
⊒ ⴕ
᳇ ⽎ ⎇ ⓥ ᚲ
気 象 研 究 所
発行者
‫ޥ‬305-0052 ⨙ၔ⋵ߟߊ߫Ꮢ㐳ፄ㧝㧙㧝
〒 305-0052 茨城県つくば市長峰１−１
TEL(029)853-8535
TEL(029)853-8535
ශ 印
೚刷⠪
者 ٤٤٤٤٤٤٤٤٤
株式会社アサヒビジネス
‫ޥ‬
〒 314-0022 茨城県鹿嶋市長栖 1879-275