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1392
1
4
3
2
*1
-
-1
-2
-3
1659733771
*
[email protected]
(91/12/22
91/5/11
)
(
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-
)
.
-
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)
(
.
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30
.
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.
1392
1
4
-1
.
.
.
.[8]
.
.
.[8]
Zn
2+
Mn
2+
Ca
2+
Mg
)
[AFEX]
2+
Cu
.[2 1]
2+
pH
Mn
.[9]
2+
.[3]
[10]
.[11]
.
.[12]
.[4]
P. chrysosporium
.[13]
174
Mn 2+
Cu2+
)
(
Zn 2+
[14]
.[7 6 5]
18
.
48
...
.
18
.
0/6
0/04
1/5
Cu2+
1/4
1/2
37
4
.
1/2
1/2
5
Zn 2+
Zn 2+
.
.
.
1/2
Cu2+
.
PDA
.
30gr/lit
(m1)
0 /1
.
5 gr/lit
4
pH
MnSo4-H2O
KH2Po41gr/lit CaCl2 0/1gr/lit
FeSo4.7H2O
10gr/lit
(ml)
5mg/lit MgSo4.7H2O
4 /5
-2
0/5gr/lit
0/2gr/lit
.
.
- 3)
10gr/lit
50
pH
-2 2] ABTS
[
Sigma
(
-6-
.
) Biocrom
(
) Zirbus
-2-2
-1-2
.
0/1
25
[15]
3
[16]
3
.
0/1
.
49
9071
9070
.
1392
1
4
-3-2
25 15 5
.
20
4 2 /5 1
121
(
1
37
.[17]
)
[18]
PDA
.
150rpm
12
280
3
.
1
-4-2
.
-6-2
.
4 /5 .
75
.
20
121
.
.
1
1
)
PDA
160rpm
.
250
32
.
7
.
30
.
-5-2
100
0/1 0/05 0/01
.[14]
50
ml
...
1
Mn3+
Sample
Mn
(mM)
Zn
M)
Cu
M)
Mnpact
(U/ml)
Lipact
(U/ml)
1
0/01
5
2/5
6/99
2/26
2
0/1
5
2/5
15/53
11/61
3
0/01
25
2/5
10/35
10/65
4
0/1
25
2/5
10/61
10
5
0/01
15
1
1/55
1/94
6
0/1
15
1
11/13
9/36
7
0/01
15
4
9/32
9/68
8
0/1
15
1
9/06
8/07
9
0/05
5
1
10/35
7/1
10
0/05
25
4
6/47
9/03
11
0/05
5
4
10/61
7/42
12
0/05
25
4
8/54
7/1
13
0/05
15
2/5
8/8
7/42
14
0/05
15
2/5
8/54
10/97
15
0/05
15
2/5
11/65
10/32
.[13 10]
.[14]
0/01
.
5
0/1
2/5 1
0/05
25 15
.
4
.[14 13]
-3
-1-3
.
30
Mn2+
30
15
.
.
1
.
3
10
12
.
.
51
1392
1
4
-2-3
0/1
(ANOVA)
2/5)
(
.
1/3
.
.
.(3
2/5
(
)
1
0/1)
(1)
MnP= 9.66+ 2.26Mn- 0.94Zn+ 1.003Cu0.010Mn2+ 1.218Zn2- 1.89Cu2- 2.07Mn*Zn2.46Mn*Cu+ 0.45Zn*Cu
.(3
1/2
)
4
[14]
1/2
2/5
.
1/6
R2
(p<0/1)
.
R2
.
(p<0/05)
92/35
R2
2 1
0/025
.
92/35
.
-1
2
R
.
.
1/8
2/5
.
.
1/5
2
0/05
52
.( -1
)
4 2/5
)
(
-3-3
MnP(U/ml)
MnP(U/ml)
MnP(U/ml)
MnP(U/ml)
...
MnP(U/ml)
)
)
)
(
3
.
2
53
1
(
(
2
1
4
LiP=9.57+1.81Mn+1.05Zn+0.604Cu0.673Mn2-0.27Zn2-1.64Cu2-2.50Mn*Zn-
(2)
2.26Mn*Cu+ 0.56Zn*Cu
(p<0/05)
.
(2
)
4
.
)
0 /1 )
.
1 /7
82/97
R2
.
5
)
(
.(
5
)
5
(
-4
LiP(U/ml)
1392
.
30
4
54
...
[6] Singh, P. Suman, A. Tiwari P, et al. (2008)
Biological pretreatment of sugarcane trash for
its conversion to fermentable sugars. World J
Microbiol Biotechnol. 24, 667
.
1 /5
673.
[7] Schurz, J. (1978) Bioconversion of Cellulosic
Substances into Energy Chemicals
and
Microbial Protein. Symp. Proc.; Ghose, T. K.;
30
Ed.; New Delhi, IIT: Delhi; 37.
[8] [8] Baldrian, P. Der Weische, CW. Gabriel, J.
.
Nerud, F. Zadrazil, F. (2000) Influence of
Cadmium and Mercury on Activities of
Ligninolytic Enzymes and Degration of
Polycyclic
Aromatic
Hydrocarbons
by
-5
Pleurotus ostreatus in Soil. Appl. Environ.
[1] Helal, G. A. (2006) Bioconversion of Straw
Microbiol. 66, 2471 – 2478.
(2000)
into Improved Fodder: Preliminary Treatment
Removal color from waste water using
of Rice Straw Using Mechanical, Chemical
Trametes versicolor, J. IAEM. 27, 260-264.
and/or Gamma Irradiation. 34(1), 14-21.
[9] Srinivasan
SV.;
Murthy
DVS.
[2] Sanjust, E. Curreli, N. Pisu, B. Rescigno, A.
[10] Perie, F.H.; & Gold, M.H. (1991) Manganese
peroxidase
Rinaldi, A. Agelli, M. (2002) Complete and
expression and lignin degradation by the
efficient enzymic hydrolysis of pretreated
white-rot
wheat straw. Process Biochemistry. 37, 937–
regulation
of
fungus
manganese
Dichomitus
squalens.
941.
Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 57,
[3] Iranmahboob, J. Nadim, F. Monemi, S. (2002)
2240-2245.
[11] Moilanen AM.; Lundel T.; Vares T.; Hatakka
Optimizing acid hydrolysis: A critical step for
A. (1996) Manganese and Melonate and
production of ethanol from mixed wood chips.
individual Regulators for the Production of
Biomass Bioenergy. 22, 401-404.
Lignin and Manganese Peroxidase isozymes
[4] Chandra, R. P. Bura, R. Mabee, W. E. (2007)
and in the Degradation of Lignin by Phlebia
Substrate pretreatment: the key to effective
radiata. Appl. Microb. Biotechnol. 45,722 -
enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosics. Adv
799.
Biochem Engin/Biotechnol. 108, 67
93.
[12] Perez, J. & Jeffries, T.W. (1992) Roles of
[5] Kurakake, M. Ide, N. Komaki, T. (2007)
manganese and organic acid chelators in
Biological pretreatment with two bacterial
regulating lignin degradation and biosynthesis
strains for enzymatic hydrolysis of office
of
paper. Curr Microbiol. 54, 424
peroxidases
by
phanerochaete
55
428.
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extracellular manganese dependent peroxidase
chrysosporium. Appllied and Environmental
from phanerochaete chrysosporium. FEMS
Microbiology. 58, 2402-2409.
Microbial. 29, 37-41.
[13] Urek RO.; Pzarlioglu NK. (2007) Enhanced
[17] Fukushima, R.S.; Hatfield, R.D., (2001)
Extraction
and
isolation
of lignin
production of manganese peroxidase by
for
Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Braz. Arch.
utilization as a standard to determine lignin
concentration
using
the
acetyl
Boil. Technol. 50, 522-528
bromide
[14] Singhal, V.; & Rathor, V.S. (2001) Effect of
spectrophotometric method. J. Agric. Food
Zn2+ and Cu2+ on growth, lignin degradation
Chem. 49, 3133-3139.
and ligninolytic enzymes in phanerochaete
[18] Fukushima, R. S.; Dehority, B. A., (2000)
chrysosporium.
Feasibility of using lignin isolated from
World
Journal
of
Microbialogy & Biotechnology, 17,235-240.
forages by solubilization in acetyl bromide as
[15] Tien, M.; Kirk, T.K. (1988) Methods in
a standard for lignin analyses. J. Anim. Sci. 78,
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3135-3143.
[16] Paszczynski, A., V. B. Huynh, and R.
Crawford. (1985) Enzymatic activities of an
56