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(平成22年10月)(PDFファイル、3.38MB)
秋田大学大学院工学資源学研究科研究報告 第三十一号 秋田大学大学院工学資源学研究科 〒010-8502 秋田市手形学園町1- 1 http://www.eng.akita-u.ac.jp/ 㧔㑐ㅪ⎇ⓥႎ๔㧦⮮ ઁ㧘pp.00-00㧕 秋 田 大 学 大学院工学資源学研究科 研 究 報 第 31 号 ハイパーダイアグラムによるトンネル内湧水，河川水，井戸水， ࡂࠗࡄ࠳ࠗࠕࠣࡓߦࠃࠆ࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ౝḝ᳓㧘ᴡᎹ᳓㧘ᚭ᳓㧘㒠᳓ߩ᳓⾰ಽ㧚 降水の水質区分．（関連研究報告：川原谷 他，pp.47-53） 㧔㑐ㅪ⎇ⓥႎ๔㧦Ꮉේ⼱ ઁ㧘pp.00-00㧕 (a) (b) (c) 男鹿市椿地先の海上筏・ハタハタ網生簀． (a)日中 （関連研究報告：河村 他，pp.1-8） (b)耐震白熱電球区（夜間・点灯時） (c)青色LED区（夜間・点灯時） 平成 二十二 年 平成22年10月発行 ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹ߦၮߠߊᧄ㇌ߩਅㇱ̅ਛㇱਛᣂ⛔ߩጀኻᲧ 石灰質ナンノ化石に基づく本邦の下部̶中部中新統の地層対比 ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹ߦၮߠߊᧄ㇌ߩਅㇱ̅ਛㇱਛᣂ⛔ߩጀኻᲧ （関連研究報告：佐藤 他，pp.37-45） 㧔㑐ㅪ⎇ⓥႎ๔㧦⮮ ઁ㧘pp.00-00㧕 告 ISSN 1345-7241 秋田大学大学院工学資源学研究科 研 究 報 告 第 31 号 平成 22 年 10 月 目 次 研究報告 発光ダイオードを用いた種苗生産における稚魚の蝟集…… 河村希典，山田潤一，斎藤和敬，佐藤正人，甲本亮太，柴田 理 １ The Social Construction of Literacy - A Case Study of Literacy Practices in the UK ……………………………………………………………………………………… Kolawole Waziri OLAGBOYEGA ９ Safe Drinking-Water for the Poor - Initiative of Grameen Veolia Water Ltd - ……………………………… Hiromi TSUBOI 21 授業の実践から探るものづくり教育の条件 ………………………………………………………… 大好直，京野成利，高橋護 29 北陸∼北日本に分布する中新統石灰質ナンノ化石層序 …………………………… 佐藤時幸，神崎裕，奥山貴男，千代延俊 37 岩手県北部の大規模トンネルで観測される湧水の地球化学的特徴とその起源 …………………………………………………………………………… 川原谷浩，三浦理司，松葉谷治，石山大三 47 研究論文目録（2009）……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 55 平成21年度博士論文題目リスト…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 93 平成21年度修士論文題目リスト…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 94 秋田大学大学院工学資源学研究科 編集委員会 情 報 工 学 専 攻 玉 本 英 夫 （委 員 長） 地球資源学専攻 尾 西 恭 亮 環境物質工学専攻 村 上 賢 冶 環境物質工学専攻 藤 原 一 彦 材 料 工 学 専 攻 福 本 倫 久 機械工学専攻 長 縄 明 大 電気電子工学専攻 水戸部 一 孝 土木環境工学専攻 徳 重 英 信 環境資源学研究センター 吉 村 哲 秋田大学大学院工学資源学研究科研究報告，第31号，2010年10月 1 ⎇ⓥႎ๔ ⊒శ࠳ࠗࠝ࠼ࠍ↪ߚ⒳⧣↢↥ߦ߅ߌࠆ⒩㝼ߩⲆ㓸 ᴡᏗౖ**㧘ጊ↰Ả৻***㧘ᢪ⮮ᢘ***㧘⮮ᱜੱ***㧘↲ᧄ੫ᄥ***㧘ᩊ↰ ℂ*** Settlement of Juvenile Fishes for a Seeding Production by Using Several Color Light Emitting Diodes Marenori Kawamura**, Junichi Yamada***, Kazuyoshi Saito***, Masato Sato***, Ryota Komoto***, Osamu Shibata*** Abstract The phototactic responses of the zoo-plankton of Artemia and juvenile fishes such as red sea bream, ocellate puffer, schlegel's black rockfish, sweet fish, and sailfin sandfish were investigated in an indoor tank by using a light emitting diode (LED) at several wavelengths and its different luminance level. We applied the blue LED illumination for development of the technique in the fish seed production. The juvenile sandfish were reared under three different areas: without the light illumination, with a halogen lamp and the blue LED illuminations for 65 days in an outdoor fish tank. Both the growth and survival of the sandfish can be improved by using the blue LED illumination. ߪߓߦ ⑺↰ᴪጯࠍਥߥ↥ෆ႐ߣߒߡࠆ⑺↰⋵ߩ⋵㝼 ߢࠆࡂ࠲ࡂ࠲ߦߟߡߪ'80 ᐕઍ߆ࠄ⾗Ḯ߇ỗᷫ ߒߚ߽ߩߩ㧘ᐔᚑ㧠㨪㧣ᐕߩṪࠍ⚻ߡ㧘ߘߩᓟߩ ⾗Ḯ▤ℂߦࠃࠅ⾗Ḯ㊂ߪ 6,000 ࠻ࡦ೨ᓟ߹ߢ࿁ᓳߒ ߚ㧚ߒ߆ߒᐕ⚖⟲ߦࠅ߇ࠄࠇࠆߥߤ㧘⾗Ḯߩ⁁ ᘒߪଐὼߣߒߡਇቯߢࠅ㧘ੱὑ⊛ߥ⒳⧣ߩᷝട ߇ᔅⷐߣߐࠇߡࠆ㧚ߘߎߢ⑺↰⋵ㄘᨋ᳓↥ᛛⴚ ࡦ࠲᳓↥ᝄ⥝ࡦ࠲ߢߪ㧘1 ~ 4 ߦ߆ߌ ߡṪ᷼ౝߦ⸳⟎ߒߚ✂↢◜ߢ⊒⌒ෆ߆ࠄᵹ೨ߩ ⒩㝼߹ߢߩ⢒ᚑࠍⴕߞߡࠆ㧚ᄛ㑆ߦߪ⒩㝼߇↢◜ ߩ✂ߦធ⸅ߒ㧘ᒙߒߡᢣᱫߔࠆ႐ว߇ࠆ㧚ߘ ࠇࠍ㒐ᱛߔࠆߎߣߣ㙄ᢱࠍ߁ߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߡ㧘 ↢◜ߦ⊕ᾲἮࠍὐἮߒߡ࿐ߦ⒩㝼߮േ‛ࡊ ࡦࠢ࠻ࡦࠍ㓸㧘↢ᱷ₸ߩะߦ৻ቯߩᚑᨐࠍ ߍߡࠆ(1)㧚 ߒ߆ߒ㧘ߎߩᚻᴺߪ⚻㛎⊛ߥ߽ߩߢ ࠅశቇ⊛ߥ⹏ଔ߇߹ߛⴕࠊࠇߡߥઁ㧘శḮߩ⒳ 㘃߿⒩㝼ߩⴕേߦߟߡߩశቇ⊛↢‛ቇ⊛ߥ㕙ߦ ߟߡߪ⸃ߐࠇߡߥ㧚ߎߩߚ㧘⒳⧣↢↥ߦ ߅ߌࠆฦ⒳శḮߣ⒩㝼ߩⴕേߦߟߡᛠីߒ㧘⒳⧣ ↢↥ߦലᨐ⊛ߥᣂߚߥᛛⴚࠍ㐿⊒ߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ㧘 ↢ᱷ₸ࠍߐࠄߦ㜞ࠆߎߣ߇ᦼᓙߐࠇࠆ㧚⒩㝼ߩ↢ 2010 ᐕ 7 2 ᣣฃℂ **⑺↰ᄢቇᄢቇ㒮Ꮏቇ⾗Ḯቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㔚᳇㔚ሶᎿቇኾ Department of Electronic and Electric Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering and Resource Science Faculty of Engineering and Resource Science, Akita University ***⑺↰⋵ㄘᨋ᳓↥ᛛⴚࡦ࠲᳓↥ᝄ⥝ࡦ࠲ Akita Prefectural Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Research Center ᱷ₸ࠍ㜞ࠆߎߣߢੱὑ⊛ߥᷝട㊂ࠍჇ߿ߒ㧘⾗Ḯ ᄌേߩቯൻߦߟߥߍࠆߎߣ߇น⢻ߣߥࠆ㧚 ࠕࠫ㧘ࠗࡢࠪ㧘ࠨࡦࡑ╬ߩᶏ↥㝼ߩᄙߊߪἮἫߩ శߦ㓸߹ࠆᕈ⾰ߣߒߡᱜߩశᕈ(2)~(9)߇ࠅ㧘ᄛ㑆 ߦ㜞ノᐲߩࡔ࠲࡞ࡂࠗ࠼╬ߩ㓸㝼Ἦࠍ↪ߡᄛ ㊒ࠅ߇ⴕࠊࠇ㧘ᤨ㑆ല₸⊛ߦṪ₪ࠍᓧࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ ࠆ (10),(11)㧚ㄭᐕ㧘ᛛⴚߩ㕟ᣂ⊛ߥㅴᱠߦࠃࠅ⊒శ࠳ ࠗࠝ࠼㧔LED㧕ߩ㜞ノᐲൻ߿⍴ᵄ㐳ൻߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ ⓥ߇㘧べ⊛ߦㅴߺ㧘ᬀ‛↢↥ߦ߅ߌࠆ LED ᾖߩ ↪ (12),(13) ߿᳓↥ᬺߩ㓸㝼Ἦ (14)~(16) ߦ↪ࠆ⎇ⓥ߇ ⋓ࠎߦߥߐࠇߡࠆ㧚․ߦ㕍⦡ LED ࠍ↪ߚ㓸㝼 Ἦߪᓥ᧪ߩࡔ࠲࡞ࡂࠗ࠼㓸㝼ἮߦᲧߴᶖ⾌㔚ജ ߇ૐߚΆᢱᶖ⾌㊂ࠍᷫߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ㧚߹ ߚ㜞ኼߢࠆߚ㧘ࡔࡦ࠹࠽ࡦࠬ╬ߩᄢߥᷫ ߇น⢻ߣߥࠆ㧚 ᧄ⎇ⓥߢߪ⇣ߥࠆਛᔃᵄ㐳ࠍ߽ߟ LED శḮࠍ⹜ ߒ㧘⒳ߩޘ⒩㝼߮േ‛ࡊࡦࠢ࠻ࡦߦ߅ߌࠆⲆ 㓸ߦߟߡታ㛎߮⠨ኤࠍⴕߞߚ⚿ᨐߦߟߡ␜ߔ㧚 ߹ߚ㧘ᶏߦ⸳⟎ߒߚ✂↢◜ߦᓥ᧪↪ߒߡࠆ⠴ 㔡⊕ᾲߦࠃࠆ㔚ᾖ㧘㕖㔚ᾖ߮ LED శḮߦࠃࠆ 㔚ᾖߣߩ 3 ߢ㧘ࡂ࠲ࡂ࠲⒩㝼ߩᚑ㐳߮↢ᱷ₸ ߩᲧセታ㛎ࠍⴕߞߚ⚿ᨐߦߟߡ߽␜ߔ㧚 ታ㛎ᣇᴺ శḮߩࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞․ᕈߩ᷹ቯ ⠴㔡⊕ᾲ㔚ߣฦ⒳⊒శ࠳ࠗࠝ࠼ߩࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞ ․ᕈߦߟߡ㧘⋥ᓘǾ0.8mm ߩ⍹⧷శࡈࠔࠗࡃࠍ ߒߡࡈࠔࠗࡃࡑ࡞࠴࠴ࡖࡀ࡞ಽశེ㧔USB4000㧘ࠝ ࠪࡖࡦࠝࡊ࠹ࠖࠢࠬ␠㧕ߦࠃࠅᵄ㐳 350nm ~ 1000 nm ߩ▸࿐ߢశࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞․ᕈߩ᷹ቯࠍⴕߞߚ㧚 2 河村希典，山田潤一，斎藤和敬，佐藤正人，甲本亮太，柴田 理 ᶏ᳓ߩㅘㆊࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞․ᕈߩ᷹ቯ ᳓↥ᝄ⥝ࡦ࠲↲Ზ㘃ߦ㈩⟎ߐࠇߡࠆደౝ ࠦࡦࠢ࠻᳓ᮏ㧔᳓ᷓ 2 m㧘ኈⓍ 50 kl㧕ࠍ↪ߡ㧘 ᶏ᳓ࠍḩߚߒߚ⁁ᘒߢ࿑ 1 ߦ␜ߔࠃ߁ߦ᳓㕙ߦ⠴ ᾲ⊕ᾲࠍ⸳⟎ߒ㧘⋥ᓘǾ0.8 mm ߩశࡈࠔࠗࡃࠍ↪ ߡᶏਛࠃࠅᶏ᳓ߩㅘㆊࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞․ᕈࠍㅀߒߚ ห᭽ߩ USB4000 ࡑ࡞࠴࠴ࡖࡀ࡞ಽశེࠍ↪ߡ᷹ ቯࠍⴕߞߚ㧚ߎߎߢ㧘l1=3 cm, l2=15 cm ߢࠅ㧘᳓ 㕙ߩᝄേ╬߇ቯߦߥߞߚ⁁ᘒߢ᷹ቯࠍ㐿ᆎߒߚ㧚 ⒩㝼ߩశᕈⴕേߦ㑐ߔࠆታ㛎ⵝ⟎ ⒩㝼ߩశᕈⴕേߦ㑐ߔࠆၮ␆ታ㛎ࠍⴕ߁ߚߩ ታ 㛎 ⵝ ⟎ ࠍ ࿑ 2(a), (b) ߦ ␜ ߔ 㧚 ᥧ ቶ ߦ ⸳ ⟎ ߒ ߚ 200 ॓ࡄࡦࠗ࠻᳓ᮏ㧔㤥⦡㧘Ǿ75 cm㧕ࠍ↪ߡ㧘 ᅢㆡᾖᐲᛠីታ㛎ߣᅢㆡࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞ᛠីታ㛎ࠍⴕߞ ߚ㧚ᅢㆡᾖᐲᛠីታ㛎ߢߪ᳓ᮏߩ㧠ㄝߦ㜞ノᐲ⊕ ⦡ LED (OSPW5161P)ࠍ࿑ 3 ߦ␜ߔࠃ߁ߦ 9 ធ⛯ߒ ߚ⹜శḮࠍ⸳⟎ߒ㧘0 ~ ⚂ 30 lx ߩ▸࿐ߢᾖᐲࠍᄌ ൻߐߖߡታ㛎ࠍⴕߞߚ㧚ߎߎߢ㧘LED శḮ↪㔚Ḯߪ ࿑ 4 ߩࠃ߁ߦߒߚ㧚LED ߳ߩ㔚ᵹ⽶⩄߅ࠃ߮⊒ ᾲࠍᛥ߃ࠆߚ㧘ࡏࡘࡓߦࠃࠅࡄ࡞ࠬࠍนᄌ ߒ㧘ὐἮᤨ㑆ࠍᄌ߃ࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ⊒శᒝᐲࠍᓮߔ ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ㧚 ߹ߚ㧘ᅢㆡࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞ᛠីታ㛎ߢߪ࿑ 2(b)ߦ␜ߔ ࠃ߁ߦ㧘4 ㄝߦ㜞ノᐲ㕍⦡ LED (OSUB5161P)㧘 㜞ノᐲ✛ LED (OSPG5161A-RS)㧘㜞ノᐲ⿒ LED ࿑ ᶏ᳓ਛ߆ࠄߩశࡈࠔࠗࡃߦࠃࠆࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞․ᕈߩ᷹ቯᮨᑼ࿑ (b) LED ὐἮᤨߩ᳓ᮏ᭽ሶ (a) ᄖⷰ ࿑ 2 ࡄࡦࠗ࠻᳓ᮏ (a) శḮ౮⌀ (b) ធ⛯࿑ ࿑ 3 ⹜ LED శḮ ࿑ 4 LED శḮ㔚Ḯ࿁〝(IC: 4069U, Q1: MOS-FET; 2SJ304, Q2: ਃ┵ሶࠡࡘ࠲;79L12, D1:1SR139-400, D2: 20KDA20, D3:1SS133T, C1: 100PF, C2: 220PF, C3: 0.0047PF, C4: 0.1PF, R1: 1Mǡ, R2: 1kǡ, R3: 200ǡ, R4: 50ǡ, VR: 100kǡ) 発光ダイオードを用いた種苗生産における稚魚の蝟集 3 ࿑ 5 ࡂ࠲ࡂ࠲⒩㝼ߩ౮⌀(㐳㧦⚂ 14 mm) (a) ធ⛯࿑ (b) శḮㇱᄖⷰ ࿑ 6 ࡂ࠲ࡂ࠲⒩㝼↢◜↪ LED శḮ (a) ᣣਛߩ᭽ሶ (b) ⠴㔡⊕ᾲ㔚㧔ᄛ㑆ὐἮᤨ㧕 (c) 㕍⦡ LED 㧔ᄛ㑆ὐἮᤨ㧕 ࿑ 㪎㩷 ↵㣮Ꮢᬞవߩᶏ╱䊊䉺䊊䉺✂↢◜㪅 (OSR5MA5111A)㧘㜞ノᐲ⊕⦡ LED (OSPW5161P) ࠍ⸳⟎ߒ㧘⒩㝼ߩⲆ㓸⁁ᴫߦߟߡ㧘ࡢࠗ࠼࠳ࠗ࠽ ࡒ ࠶ ࠢ ࡦ ࠫ CCD ࠞ ࡔ (Mintron ␠ MTV-63W1N)ߢᓇߒ㧘ቶߦ⸳⟎ߒߚ PC ߦࠃࠅ ↹ࠍ⸥㍳ߒߚ㧚߹ߚ㧘⒩㝼ߩశⴕേࠍࠃࠅ㞲 ߦᓇߔࠆߚ㧘CCD ౝㇱߦขࠅઃߌߡࠆ⿒ᄖ✢ ࠞ࠶࠻ࡈࠖ࡞࠲ࠍขࠅ㒰߈㧘㝼ߩ⋡ߦᗵᐲࠍᜬߚ ߥ⿒ᄖ✢ LED ࠍᾖశߣߒߡ↪ߚ㧚ߥ߅㧘⒩㝼 ߩⲆ㓸⁁ᴫߩᛠីߪ㧘10 ⑽ߏߣߦฦ㗔ၞߦሽߒߚ ⒩㝼ߩ㗫ᐲࠍ⸘ᢙߒ㧘ᤨ㑆ౝߦ߅ߌࠆ㗫ᐲߩᲧ ₸ࠍᲧセߒߡⴕߞߚ㧚 ⒩㝼ߩⲆ㓸ߦലߥశḮߩᬌ⚝ ⊒శ࠳ࠗࠝ࠼㧔LED)ࠍ↪ߡ㧘⒩㝼ߩⲆ㓸ᔊ ㆱ╬ߩⴕേߦߟߡᛠីߒߚ㧚ታ㛎ߪᥧቶߢⴕ㧘 ᳓ᮏߪ 200 ॓ࡄࡦࠗ࠻᳓ᮏ(Ǿ75cm)㧘60 ॓ࡊࠬ ࠴࠶ࠢ᳓ᮏ(45 cm × 45 cm × 30 cm)㧘36 ॓ࠟࠬ᳓ᮏ (30 cm × 30 cm × 40 cm)ࠍฦ㝼⒳ߦᔕߓߡ↪ߒߚ㧚 ฦ᳓ᮏߩᐩ㕙ߦ 4 ↹ߩ⋡ශࠍઃߌߡ⒩㝼ߩಽᏓ ⟎ࠍ⏕ߒ߿ߔࠃ߁ߦߒߚ㧚↪ߒߚ⒩㝼ߪࡑ࠳ ࠗ㧘࠻ࡈࠣ㧘ࠢࡠ࠰ࠗ㧘ࠕ࡙㧘ࡂ࠲ࡂ࠲(࿑ 5)ߩ 5 ⒳߮േ‛ࡊࡦࠢ࠻ࡦߢࠆࠕ࡞࠹ࡒࠕߢ㧘ታ㛎 ߩᢙᣣ೨߆ࠄᥧቶౝߦ⸳⟎ߒߚ᳓ᮏ㧔ᓸᵹ᳓㧕ߢ 㘺⢒ߒ㚔⥌ߐߖߡ߆ࠄታ㛎ࠍⴕߞߚ㧚 ࡂ࠲ࡂ࠲⒳⧣↢↥߳ߩታ⸽ታ㛎 ࿑ 6 ߦ␜ߔࠃ߁ߦ㕍⦡ LED ࠍ 20 cm 㑆㓒ߦ 10 ធ⛯ߒߚో㐳 2 m ߩ㈩✢ࠍ↵㣮Ꮢᬞవߩᶏ╱ߩ ✂↢◜㧔4.8 m 4.6 m ᳓ᷓ 2.5 m, ታല᳓㊂ 54.6 kl㧕ߦ⸳⟎ߒ㧘ᓥ᧪↪ߒߡࠆ⠴㔡⊕ᾲ 㧔60W 2 㧕ߦࠃࠆ㔚ᾖ߮㕖㔚ᾖߣߩ 3 ߢ㧘ࡂ࠲ࡂ࠲⒩㝼ߩᚑ㐳ࠍᲧセߒߚ㧚ฦ✂↢◜ߦߪ㧘 ࡂ࠲ࡂ࠲ߩ⒩㝼 1 ਁ 8 ජየࠍኈߒߚ㧚ታ㛎ߦ↪ ߒߚ LED ߪエ⾰㧼㨂㧯ࡆ࠾࡞▤㧔ౝᓘǾ6 mm ᄖᓘǾ8 mm㧘㐳ߐ 5 m㧕ߦㅢߒ㧘ࠛ࠴ࡦ㈶㉄ࡆ ࠾࡞᮸⢽ߢኽᱛߒ㒐᳓ಣ⟎ࠍⴕߞߚ߽ߩߢ㧘↢◜ౝ 河村希典，山田潤一，斎藤和敬，佐藤正人，甲本亮太，柴田 理 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 శᒝᐲ (a.u.) శᒝᐲ (a.u.) 4 400 500 600 700 800 ᵄ㐳 (nm) 900 1000 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 400 500 600 700 800 ᵄ㐳 (nm) (b) 㕍⦡ LED 900 1000 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 400 500 600 700 800 ᵄ㐳 (nm) (d) ⿒⦡ LED 900 1000 శᒝᐲ (a.u.) 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 400 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 400 శᒝᐲ (a.u.) శᒝᐲ (a.u.) (a) ⠴㔡⊕ᾲ㧔60W㧕 500 600 700 800 ᵄ㐳 (nm) (c) ✛⦡ LED 500 900 1000 600 700 800 900 1000 ᵄ㐳 (nm) (e) ⊕⦡ LED ࿑ 8 ⠴㔡⊕ᾲ߅ࠃ߮ฦ⒳ LED ߩࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞․ᕈ 6 1 100cm 0cm 5 ๆଥᢙ D శᒝᐲ (a.u.) 0.8 10cm 0.6 30cm 0.4 50cm 80cm 0.2 0 400 500 600 80cm 4 50cm 3 2 30cm 1 700 100cm ᵄ㐳 (nm) 800 900 (a) శᒝᐲࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞․ᕈ 0 400 10cm 500 600 700 800 900 ᵄ㐳 (nm) (b) ๆࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞․ᕈ ࿑ 9 ᳓ਛ߆ࠄ᷹ቯߒߚ⠴㔡⊕ᾲߩశࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞․ᕈ߮ๆ․ᕈ ߦ 9 ㅪ㧔90 㧕ုਅߒ㧘⠴㔡⊕ᾲ߮ LED శḮ ߩᾖߪ࠲ࠗࡑࠍ↪ߡ 16 ᤨ߆ࠄ⠉ᦺ 9 ᤨ߹ߢⴕ ߞߚ㧚࿑ 7 ߪ↵㣮Ꮢᬞవߩᶏ╱ߦ㈩⟎ߒߡࠆ ࡂ࠲ࡂ࠲ߩ⒩㝼ࠍ⒳⧣↢↥ߔࠆߚߩ✂↢◜ߩ౮⌀ ࠍ␜ߒߡࠆ㧚 ታ㛎⚿ᨐ߮⠨ኤ ⒩㝼䈱Ⲇ㓸䈮ല䈫⠨䈋䉌䉏䉎శḮ䈱శቇ․ᕈ㩷 ࿑ 8(a) ~ (e)ߪ⠴㔡⊕ᾲ㔚(60W)㧘㕍⦡㧘✛⦡㧘 ⿒⦡߮⊕⦡ LED ߩశᒝᐲࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞․ᕈࠍ␜ߒ ߡࠆ㧚⠴㔡⊕ᾲߩశᒝᐲߪᵄ㐳⚂ 650 nm ࠍਛ ᔃߣߒ㧘400 ~ 1000 nm ઃㄭߦ߆ߌߡ㕖Ᏹߦࡉࡠ࠼ 発光ダイオードを用いた種苗生産における稚魚の蝟集 ߥᒝᐲಽᏓࠍ␜ߒߡࠆ㧚৻ᣇ㧘㕍⦡ LED ߩਛᔃᵄ 㐳ߪ 470 nm㧘✛⦡ LED ߩਛᔃᵄ㐳ߪ 550 nm㧘⿒⦡ LED ߩਛᔃᵄ㐳ߪ 630 nm ઃㄭߢࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ࠆ㧚 ⊕⦡ LED ߦߟߡߪ㧘450 nm ઃㄭߦࡇࠢᵄ㐳ࠍ ᜬߜ㧘ᐢᵄ㐳▸࿐ߢࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞߇ࡉࡠ࠼ߢࠆ ࠃ߁ߥ୯߇ࠄࠇߚ㧚⊕⦡ LED ߩశᒝᐲߩࡇࠢ ⟎߇㧘㕍⦡ LED ߩᵄ㐳ߣ߶߷ห᭽ߢࠅ⊕⦡ࠍ๒ߒ ߡࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘㕍⦡ LED ߣ㤛⦡♽Ⱟశ↪ߚ⚵ ߺวࠊߖᣇᑼߢࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ࠆ㧚 ᶏ᳓ߩశㅘㆊࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞ߩ᷹ቯ ࿑ ߦ␜ߒߚశࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞ᒝᐲߩ᷹ቯࠪࠬ࠹ࡓࠍ ↪ߡ㧘⠴㔡⊕ᾲߩశࠍᶏਛߩశࡈࠔࠗࡃࠍߒ ߡ᷹ቯߒߚࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞᷹ቯ⚿ᨐ߮ๆࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞ ․ᕈࠍ࿑ 9(a), (b)ߦ␜ߔ㧚〒㔌 lx ߪᶏ㕙߆ࠄฃశ ߩశࡈࠔࠗࡃవ┵ߣߩ〒㔌ߢࠆ㧚శᒝᐲߪశḮߣ 5 ߩ〒㔌ߩੑਸ਼ߦᲧߒߡᷫዋߒߚ㧚߹ߚ㧘․ߦᵄ 㐳 700 nm ~ 800 nm ઃㄭߦ߆ߌߡઁߩᵄ㐳ࠃࠅ߽ๆ ଥᢙ߇㜞ߎߣ߇ࠄࠇ㧘ࠃࠅ㐳ᵄ㐳ߢߪశᒝ ᐲߩᷫ߇⪺ߒߎߣ߇ಽ߆ߞߚ㧚એߩߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘 ᶏ᳓ਛߦ߅ߡ 690 nm એߩశߩᷫะ߇⪺ߒ ߊ㧘ᵄ㐳 490 nm ೨ᓟߢߩᷫ߇ዊߐߚ㕍⦡ߩ శ߇ᶏᐩߦዯߊߎߣߦߥࠆ㧚 ⒩㝼േ‛ࡊࡦࠢ࠻ࡦߩᅢㆡᾖᐲᛠីታ㛎 ࡑ࠳ࠗ㧘࠻ࡈࠣ㧘ࠢࡠ࠰ࠗ㧘ࠕ࡙㧘ࡂ࠲ࡂ࠲㧔࿑ 5㧕ߩ⒩㝼߮⒳⧣↢↥ߦ↪ࠆ㙄ᢱ↢‛㧔േ‛ࡊ ࡦࠢ࠻ࡦ㧕ߢࠆࠕ࡞࠹ࡒࠕߦߟߡᅢㆡᾖᐲᛠី ታ㛎ࠍⴕߞߚ㧚ታ㛎᧦ઙࠍ 1 ߦ␜ߔ㧚ᅢㆡᾖᐲߪ㧘 ࿑ 10(a) ~ (f)ߦ␜ߔࠃ߁ߦ㝼⒳ߦࠃࠅ⋧㆑ߒ㧘ࡑ࠳ࠗ 㧔ో㐳㧦73 mm㧕ߢߪ 7.0 lx㧘࠻ࡈࠣ㧔107 mm㧕ߢ ߪ 0 ~ 3.2 lx㧘ࠢࡠ࠰ࠗ㧔118 mm㧕ߢߪ 0 ~ 1.4 lx㧘ࠕ 㧝 ᅢㆡᾖᐲᛠីታ㛎ߦ߅ߌࠆታ㛎᧦ઙ ታ㛎ᣣ የᢙ (የ) ో㐳 (mm) ㊀ (g) 㝼⒳㩷 ᳓᷷(㷄) ࡑ࠳ࠗ 2009/10/21 1 73 8.0 17.5 ࠻ࡈࠣ 2009/10/21 1 107 45.6 17.3 ࠢࡠ࠰ࠗ 2009/11/25 1 118 26.7 13.7 ࠕ࡙ 2010/ 1/15 1 44 0.25 8.7 ࡂ࠲ࡂ࠲ 2010/ 1/26 2 14 0.01 7.9 ࠕ࡞࠹ࡒࠕ 2010/ 3/ 5 3.2 ਁየ 0.7 ᷹ቯਇน 15.0 100 80 䋱የ䋺73mm, 8.0g 60 40 ⒩㝼䈱ሽ㗫ᐲ㩿㩼㪀 80 䋱የ䋺107mm, 45.6g 60 40 20 20 䋱 (ᾖᐲ䋺28.5 lx) 1የ䋺118mm, 26.7g 60 40 20 0 0 0 䋲 䋳 䋴 䋱 䋲 䋳 䋴 䋱 䋲 䋳 䋴 (7.0 lx) (1.7 lx) (0 lx) (32.4 lx) (10.1 lx) (3.2 lx) (0 lx) (20.4 lx) (5.0 lx) (1.4 lx) (0 lx) (a) ࡑ࠳ࠗ (b)࠻ࡈࠣ 100 (c) ࠢࡠ࠰ࠗ 100 100 䋱የ䋺44mm, 0.25g 60 40 20 80 ⒩㝼䈱ሽ㗫ᐲ㩿㩼㪀 80 ⒩㝼䈱ሽ㗫ᐲ㩿㩼㪀 80 䋱የ䋺14mm, 0.01g 60 40 3.2ਁየ䋺0.7mm 60 40 20 20 0 80 ⒩㝼䈱ሽ㗫ᐲ㩿㩼㪀 ⒩㝼䈱ሽ㗫ᐲ㩿㩼㪀 100 ⒩㝼䈱ሽ㗫ᐲ㩿㩼㪀 100 0 0 䋱 䋲 䋳 䋴 䋱 䋲 䋳 䋴 䋱 䋲 䋳 䋴 (30.5 lx) (10.4 lx) (3.2 lx) (0 lx) (31.8 lx) (10.0 lx) (3.1 lx) (0 lx) (30.8 lx) (8.5 lx) (3.7 lx) (0 lx) (d) ࠕ࡙ (e) ࡂ࠲ࡂ࠲ ࿑ 10 ᅢㆡᾖᐲᛠីታ㛎⚿ᨐ (f) ࠕ࡞࠹ࡒࠕ 河村希典，山田潤一，斎藤和敬，佐藤正人，甲本亮太，柴田 理 6 ࡙㧔44 mm㧕ߢߪ 30.5 lx㧘ࡂ࠲ࡂ࠲㧔14 mm㧕ߢߪ 31.8 lx ߢߞߚ㧚߹ߚ㧘ࠕ࡞࠹ࡒࠕ㧔0.7 mm㧕ߦߟߡ ߽ᦨ߽ᾖᐲ߇ᒝ 30.8 lx ߢⲆ㓸ലᨐ߇ࠄࠇߚ㧚 ࠕ࡙㧘ࡂ࠲ࡂ࠲ߩ⒩㝼߮ࠕ࡞࠹ࡒࠕߢߪ㧘30.5㧘 31.8, 30.8 lx ߣᦨ߽㜞ᾖᐲࠍ⸳ቯߒߚၞߦߔ ࠆ㗫ᐲ߇ 90㧘80, 93%ߣ㜞߆ߞߚߩߦኻߒ㧘ࡑ࠳ࠗ㧘 ࠢࡠ࠰ࠗߢ 0 ~ 28.5 lx ߦ 15㨪40㧑ߩ㗫ᐲߢߒߡ ࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘ᅢㆡᾖᐲߩㆬᛯߩᐢะࠍ␜ߒ ߚ㧚࠻ࡈࠣߦ㑐ߒߡߪ㧘0 ߣ 3.2 lx ߩૐᾖᐲߦว ⸘ 80㧑ߩ㗫ᐲߢߒ㧘ታ㛎ߒߚ㝼⒳ߢߪᦨ߽ૐᾖ ࡑ࠳ࠗ 1 1 1 3 74 83 67 74 7.0 10.5 5.3 7.4~8.3 17.7 ࠻ࡈࠣ 2009/10/28 ޖ 2009/10/29 ޖ 1 1 1 3 105 112 93 110~113 37.6 33.4 35.2 32.9~37.6 17.3 ࠢࡠ࠰ࠗ 2009/11/25 ޖ ޖ ޖ ࠕ࡙ 2010/ 1/15 ࡂ࠲ࡂ࠲ 2010/ 1/26 ࠕ࡞࠹ࡒࠕ 2010/ 3/ 5 3 1 1 1 1 3 3 2 4 3.2 ਁ 119~135 125 115 150 46 43~53 14~15 19~20 17~20 0.7 22.4~36.8 33.9 22.5 51.3 0.31 0.2~0.4 0.01 ޖ ޖ ᷹ቯਇน 100 䋱የ䋺67mm, 5.3g 䋳የ䋺74mm, 7.4~8.3g 40 20 䋱የ䋺112mm, 33.4g 60 䋱የ䋺93mm, 35.2g 40 䋳የ䋺110~113mm, 32.9~37.6g 20 0 8.7 7.9 15.0 80 60 䋳የ䋺119^135mm, 22.4~36.8g 䋱የ䋺125mm, 33.9g 䋱የ䋺115mm, 22.5g 䋱የ䋺150mm, 51.3g 40 20 0 0 ⿒⦡LED 㕍⦡LED ✛⦡LED ⊕⦡LED ⿒⦡LED 㕍⦡LED ✛⦡LED ⊕⦡LED ⿒⦡LED 㕍⦡LED ✛⦡LED ⊕⦡LED (a) ࡑ࠳ࠗ (b) ࠻ࡈࠣ (c) ࠢࡠ࠰ࠗ 100 100 100 䋳የ䋺43~53mm, 0.2~0.4g 40 20 ⒩㝼䈱ሽ㗫ᐲ㩿㩼㪀 80 80 䋲የ䋺19~20mm, 0.01g 䋴የ䋺17~20mm, 0.01g 60 40 ⒩㝼䈱ሽ㗫ᐲ㩿㩼㪀 䋳የ䋺14~15mm, 0.01g 䋱የ䋺46mm㧘0.31㨓 ⒩㝼䈱ሽ㗫ᐲ㩿㩼㪀 ⒩㝼䈱ሽ㗫ᐲ㩿㩼㪀 ⒩㝼䈱ሽ㗫ᐲ㩿㩼㪀 ⒩㝼䈱ሽ㗫ᐲ㩿㩼㪀 䋱የ䋺83mm, 10.5g 80 13.7 100 䋱የ䋺105mm, 37.6g 1የ䋺74mm, 7.0g 60 ᳓᷷(㷄) 2009/10/22 ޖ ޖ ޖ 100 60 㩷 ⒩㝼䊶േ‛䊒䊤䊮䉪䊃䊮䈱ᅢㆡ䉴䊕䉪䊃䊦ᛠីታ㛎 ⒳ߩޘ㝼⒳ߦ߅ߌࠆ⒩㝼߮ࠕ࡞࠹ࡒࠕߩᅢㆡ ࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞ᛠីታ㛎⚿ᨐࠍ࿑ 11(a) ~ (f)ߦ␜ߔ㧚 ᅢㆡࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞ߪ㝼⒳ߦࠃࠅ⇣ߥࠅ㧘ᦨ߽㗼⪺ߥ Ⲇ㓸ലᨐࠍ␜ߒߚߩߪ㧘ࡂ࠲ࡂ࠲㧔ో㐳㧦14 mm㧕 ߣࠕ࡙㧔44 mm㧕ߢ㧘㕍⦡ LED ᾖߢ⚂ 90 %એ 2 ᅢㆡࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞ᛠីታ㛎ߦ߅ߌࠆታ㛎᧦ઙ ታ㛎ᣣ የᢙ (የ) ో㐳 (mm) ㊀ (g) 㝼⒳㩷 80 ᐲࠍᅢะࠍ␜ߒߚ㧚ෳ⠨ᢥ₂(8)ߩႎ๔ߦࠆࠃ ߁ߦ࠻ࡈࠣߪశߦኻߒߡ㕖Ᏹߦᢅᗵߢࠆߚߢ ࠆ㧚 (d) ࠕ࡙ 60 40 0 0 ⿒⦡LED 㕍⦡LED ✛⦡LED ⊕⦡LED 3.2ਁየ䋺0.7mm 20 20 0 80 ⿒⦡LED 㕍⦡LED ✛⦡LED ⊕⦡LED (e) ࡂ࠲ࡂ࠲ ࿑ 11 ᅢㆡࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞ᛠីታ㛎⚿ᨐ ⿒⦡LED 㕍⦡LED ✛⦡LED ⊕⦡LED (f) ࠕ࡞࠹ࡒࠕ 発光ダイオードを用いた種苗生産における稚魚の蝟集 7 ߒߡ㧘ᄛ㑆ᾖ߇ߥ႐ว㧘ࡂ࠲ࡂ࠲ߩ⒩㝼߇ࡊ ࡦࠢ࠻ࡦ╬ߩ㘩ࠍⴕߥ߃ߥߎߣ߇⠨߃ࠄࠇ ࠆ㧚߹ߚ㧘✂↢◜࿐ߩ✂ߦ⒩㝼߇ធ⸅ߒ㧘 ᒙߒߡᢣᱫߔࠆ႐ว߇ࠆ߽ߩߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ㧚ᓥ ᧪ߩ⠴㔡⊕ᾲࠃࠅ߽ LED ᾖߢߩ↢ᱷ₸߇ 㜞ේ࿃ߣߒߡ㧘ㅀߒߚታ㛎⚿ᨐࠃࠅࡂ࠲ࡂ࠲ ⒩㝼߮ᄤὼേ‛ࡊࡦࠢ࠻ࡦ߇㕍⦡ LED ߩᵄ ࡂ࠲ࡂ࠲⒳⧣↢↥߳ߩታ⸽ታ㛎 㐳ߩశߦኻߒߡⲆ㓸₸߇㕖Ᏹߦ㜞ߊࡂ࠲ࡂ࠲⒩㝼 ㅀߒߚࡂ࠲ࡂ࠲⒩㝼ߦኻߔࠆᅢㆡᾖᐲᛠីታ ߇㙄ᢱࠍ߁ߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘↢ᱷ₸ߩะ 㛎߮ᅢㆡࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞ᛠីታ㛎ࠍⴕߞߚ⚿ᨐ߆ࠄ㧘 ߦߟߥ߇ߞߚ߽ߩߣᕁࠊࠇࠆ㧚 㕍⦡ߩࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞ߦኻߒߡⲆ㓸ߔࠆะ߇ࠄࠇ ࿑ 13 ߪ↢◜ࠍᾖߔࠆ㔚ᾖߩή߮㔚ᾖߩ ߚߚ㧘࿑ 6 ߦ␜ߒߚࠃ߁ߦ㕍⦡ LED ࠍ 20 cm 㑆 ㆑ߦࠃࠆࡂ࠲ࡂ࠲⒳⧣ߩᣣ㦂ߦኻߔࠆᮡḰ㐳 㓒ߦ 10 ធ⛯ߒߚో㐳 2.0 m ߩࡂ࠲ࡂ࠲⒩㝼↢◜ ߮ᮡḰᏅߩផ⒖ࠍ᷹ቯߒߚ⚿ᨐߢࠆ㧚ᓥ᧪ ↪ LED శḮࠍ✂↢◜㧔4.8 cm × 4.6 cm × 3.0 m㧘ታ ߣήἮἫߢߩᮡḰ㐳ߩᏅ⇣߇ߘࠇ߶ߤᄌࠊ ല᳓㊂ 54.6 kl㧕ߦ㈩⟎ߒ㧘ᓥ᧪↪ߒߡࠆ⠴㔡 ߞߡߥߩߪ㧘࿑ 12 ߢ␜ߒߚࠃ߁ߦήἮἫߦ ⊕ᾲ㧔60W × 2 㧕ߦࠃࠆ㔚ᾖ㧔࿑ 7(b)㧕 ߅ߌࠆ↢ᱷ₸߇ૐߚࡂ࠲ࡂ࠲⒩㝼ߩኒᐲ߇ૐ ߮㕖㔚ᾖߣߩ 3 ߢࡂ࠲ࡂ࠲⒩㝼ߩᚑ㐳ࠍᲧセ ߊߥࠆߎߣߢ㧘ᄤὼേ‛ࡊࡦࠢ࠻ࡦ╬ߩ㙄ᢱࠍ ߒߚ㧚࿑ 7(c)ߦ␜ߒߚࠃ߁ߦ✂↢◜߳ߩࡂ࠲ࡂ࠲ 㘩ߒ߿ߔߊ㧘ᚑ㐳߇ߢ߈ߚ߽ߩߣᕁࠊࠇࠆ㧚߹ ⒩㝼↢◜↪ LED శḮ 9 ㅪߩ⸳⟎ߪ㧘2010 ᐕ 2 4 ߚ㧘㕍⦡ .'& ᾖߢߩᚑ㐳ㅦᐲ߇ઁߩ 2 ࠃࠅ ᣣߦⴕߞߚ㧚ᾖߪ 16 ᤨ߆ࠄ⠉ᦺߩ 9 ᤨ߹ߢὐἮ ߽ᣧะ߇ࠄࠇߚ㧚ߎࠇߪ㧘േ‛ࡊࡦࠢ࠻ ߒ㧘⒳⧣↢↥߇⚳ੌߔࠆ 4 20 ᣣ߹ߢ⛮⛯ߒߚ㧚 ࡦ߇㕍⦡ LED ߩᵄ㐳ߩశߦኻߒߡⲆ㓸ߔࠆߎߣ 2 5 ᣣߦ᳓↥ᝄ⥝ࡦ࠲ߩ᳓ᮏߢ㘺⢒▤ℂߒ ߦࠃࠅ㧘㙄ᢱ㊂߇Ⴧ߃ߚߚ㧘㘩ߦࠃࠅᚑ㐳߇ ߡߚࡂ࠲ࡂ࠲ߩ⊒⌒ෆࠍኈߒ㧘✂↢◜߳ߩࡂ ଦㅴߐࠇߚ߽ߩߣᕁࠊࠇࠆ㧚 ࠲ࡂ࠲ߩ⊒⌒ෆߪ 2 8 ᣣ߆ࠄ߰ൻࠍ㐿ᆎߒߚ㧚 એߩߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘㕍⦡ LED ߇ᚑ㐳㧘↢ᱷߣ߽ ฦ✂↢◜ߦ߅ߌࠆࡂ࠲ࡂ࠲⒳⧣↢↥ߩ⸳ቯ⁁ᴫߣ ⦟ᅢߣߩ⚿ᨐࠍ␜ߒ㧘ࡂ࠲ࡂ࠲⒩㝼ߩ⒳⧣↢↥ߦ ߒߡ㧘㕍⦡ LED 㧘ᓥ᧪60W ⠴㔡⊕ᾲ㧘 ᄢߦᦼᓙߢ߈ࠆ⚿ᨐ߇ᓧࠄࠇߚ㧚 ߮ήἮἫߢߩࡂ࠲ࡂ࠲⒩㝼ߩኈየᢙߪ⚂ ߹ߣ 18,000 የߢࠅ㧘ฦ✂↢◜ߦ߅ߌࠆ⒩㝼ߩኒᐲߪ ᧄ⎇ⓥߢߪ㧘⒳ߩޘశḮߦኻߔࠆ⒩㝼ߩⲆ㓸ⴕേ ⚂ 300 የ/kl ߢࠆ㧚ߘߩᤨߩࡂ࠲ࡂ࠲⒩㝼ߩ㐳 ࠍⷰኤ⸃ᨆߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ㧘ࠃࠅലᨐ⊛ߦ⒩㝼ࠍ ߪ⚂ 13.5mm ߢߞߚ㧚 Ⲇ㓸ߐߖࠆߎߣ߇น⢻ߢ㧘↢ᱷ₸ߩะߦ⚿߮ߟߊ ࿑ 12 ߪࡂ࠲ࡂ࠲⒩㝼ߩ⒳⧣↢↥⚳ੌ㧔↢↥⚳ੌ ᤨߢߩᣣ㦂㧦65 ᣣ㧕߹ߢߩ↢ᱷ₸ࠍ␜ߒߡࠆ㧚 శḮߦߟߡታ㛎ࠍⴕߞߚ㧚㝼⒳ߦࠃࠅ LED ߩᵄ 㐳߿ᾖᐲߩ㆑߇ࠄࠇߚ㧚․ߦࡂ࠲ࡂ࠲ߣࠕ࡙ߩ ᓥ᧪ߢࠆ⠴㔡⊕ᾲߣᧄታ㛎ߢዉߒߚ㕍 ⦡ LED ᾖߢߩ↢ᱷ₸ߪ⚂ 72㧑, 78%ߢߞߚ㧚 ⒩㝼߮േ‛ࡊࡦࠢ࠻ࡦߢࠆࠕ࡞࠹ࡒࠕߦ㑐 ߒߡߪ㧘㕍⦡ LED ߩశߦኻߒߡ㗼⪺ߥⲆ㓸ലᨐ߇ ήἮἫߢߪ 28%ߢࠅ㧘⚂ 7 ഀㄭߊ߇↢↥⚳ੌ ࠄࠇߚ㧚ߎߩታ㛎⚿ᨐࠍ〯߹߃㧘↵㣮Ꮢᬞవߩ ᤨ߹ߢ↢ᱷߢ߈ߥ߆ߞߚߎߣߦߥࠆ㧚ߎߩℂ↱ߣ ߣ㜞㗫ᐲߢߒߚߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘㕍⦡ߦኻߒ㧘ᒝ Ⲇ㓸ะࠍ␜ߔ߽ߩߣᕁࠊࠇࠆ㧚ࡑ࠳ࠗ㧔73 mm㧕 ߢߪ✛⦡߳ߩ㗫ᐲ߇ 50% ~ 100㧑ߣ㜞ะ ࠍ␜ߒߚ㧚࠻ࡈࠣ㧔107 mm㧕ߣࠢࡠ࠰ࠗ㧔118 mm㧕 ߦ㑐ߒߡߪ㧘ฦ⹜㛎ߦ 15% ~ 30%ߩ㗫ᐲߢߒ㧘 ⦡ߦኻߔࠆㆬᛯߩᏅߪዊߐะࠍ␜ߒߚ㧚 80 24 㕍⦡LEDᾖ㧔᳓ਛᾖ㧥ᧄ㧕 14,000የ 13,000የ ᮡḰ㐳 (mm) ↢↥⚳ੌ䉁䈪䈱↢ᱷ₸ 㩿㩼㪀 100 60 40 5,000የ 21 ᓥ᧪㧔60W⠴㔡㧞ၮ㧕 18 20 15 0 12 0 ήἮἫ ᓥ᧪ 䋨⠴㔡⊕ᾲ䋩 ήἮἫ 㕍⦡LEDᾖ ࿑ 12 ⒳⧣↢↥⚿ᨐ 10 20 30 40 ᣣ㦂 (day) 50 60 ࿑ 13 ↢ߌ◜ࠍᾖߔࠆ㔚ᾖߩή߮㔚ᾖߩ㆑ ߦࠃࠆࡂ࠲ࡂ࠲⒳⧣ߩᚑ㐳(㘺⢒ኒᐲ:300 የ/kl) 8 河村希典，山田潤一，斎藤和敬，佐藤正人，甲本亮太，柴田 理 ᶏ╱ߩ✂↢◜ߦ⸳⟎ߒߚ㕍⦡ LED 㧘ᓥ᧪ 60W ⠴㔡⊕ᾲ߮ήἮἫߩ 3 ߢࡂ࠲ࡂ࠲⒩ 㝼ߩ⒳⧣↢↥ࠍ 65 ᣣ㑆ⴕߞߚ⚿ᨐ㧘ᄛ㑆ߦ㕍⦡ LED శḮࠍ↪ࠆߎߣߢ㧘ᄤὼࡊࡦࠢ࠻ࡦ╬ߩ 㙄ᢱ㊂߇Ⴧ߃ࠆߛߌߢߥߊ㧘శḮ࿐ߦ⒩㝼߇Ⲇ㓸 ߒ✂↢◜࿐ߩ✂ߦ⒩㝼߇ធ⸅ߖߕ㧘ᒙߒߡᢣ ᱫߔࠆߎߣ߇ߥߊߥࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘ല₸ࠃߊ⒩㝼ߩ⒳ ⧣↢↥ࠍⴕ߃ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߚ㧚 ᧄ⎇ⓥߢឭ᩺ߒߚ㕍⦡ LED శḮࠍ↪ߚ⒩㝼ߩ Ⲇ㓸ᴺ߇ታ↪ൻߦ⚿߮ߟߊߎߣߦࠃࠅ㧘ᧄ⋵ߩࡂ࠲ ࡂ࠲⒩㝼ߩ⒳⧣↢↥ߩ⢒ᚑᚻᴺߩߺߥࠄߕ㧘ઁߩ㝼 㘃ߦᵄߒ㧘ో࿖⊛ߥᩱၭṪᬺߦ⽸₂ߔࠆߣߎࠈ ߇ᄢ߈ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ㧚 (9) Ꮉ ァ ⬿ 㧘 ᮔ ᒾ 㧘 ਛ ේ ⌀ ᒎ 㧘 ㊀ ㉿ ᙗ ᐢ (2002)㧦⽶శᕈࡑ࠳ࠗ⒩㝼ߩశ㚔⥌ߣశߦࠃࠆ⺃ ዉ, ᣣᧄ᳓↥ቇળ, 68, pp. 706-708. ⻢ㄉ ᧄ⎇ⓥߪ㧘⑺↰⋵ᐔᚑ 21 ᐕᐲታ↪ൻࠍ⋡ᜰߒߚ⹜ 㛎⎇ⓥ㐿⊒ታᣉน⢻ᕈ⺞ᩏޡ⒳⧣↢↥ߦ߅ߌࠆ⒩㝼 ߩⲆ㓸ߦലߥశḮߩᬌ⚝ߦଥࠆታᣉน⢻ᕈ⺞ᩏޢ ߩഥᚑࠍᓧߡⴕࠊࠇߚ㧚ᧄ⎇ⓥࠍⴕ߁ߦߚࠅ㧘ഥ ⸒ࠍ㗂ߚർᶏᄢቇᄢቇ㒮᳓↥⑼ቇ⎇ⓥ㒮 ⮮ ᐽẴᢎ㧘߮ᧁᥰᄦᢎߦᗵ⻢ߚߒ߹ߔ㧚 ෳ⠨ᢥ₂ (13) ᓟ⮮⧷ม (2009):ㄘᨋ᳓↥ߦ߅ߌࠆ LED ߩ↪ ߣዷᦸ㧘ㄘᨋ᳓↥ᛛⴚ⎇ⓥࠫࡖ࠽࡞, 32, pp. 15-19. (1) ㆙⮮ታ (2009): ࡂ࠲ࡂ࠲ߩᐕ⚖⟲⼾ᐲߣ⊒↢㊂ ߩᄌേ-᳓↥⾗Ḯᄌേⷐ࿃⺞ᩏ-㧘⑺↰⋵ㄘᨋ᳓↥ ࡦ࠲᳓↥ᝄ⥝ࡦ࠲ႎ๔ᦠ, pp.2-3. (2) 㜞ᯅᱜ(1978)㧦⒖േశ⤑ߩ㝼㘃ⴕേߦ߷ߔᓇ㗀 ߦߟߡ, Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries, 44, pp.869-874. (3) Koike, T., Matsuike, K. (1987): Response of a Fish School to Different Blinking Frequencies and Intensity Rations of Intermittent Light, Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 53, pp. 925-932. (4) Ꮉァ⬿㧘ᴺ⧎ᱜᔒ㧘⨹’ቁⴕ㧘ᣂᎯ (1991): ࡑ࠳ࠗߦࠃࠆ He-Ne ࠩశ✢ⷞ, ᣣᧄ᳓↥ቇ ળ, 57, pp. 421-424. (5) ᨋᄙᕺሶ㧘ጊᎹ⚔㧘᧻↢ᴦ (1992): ࠗࠪ࠳ࠗ⒩ 㝼ߩᚑ㐳ߦ߁శⴕേߩᄌൻ, ᣣᧄ᳓↥ቇળ, 58, pp. 1043-1047. (6) ᝄᨋ㧘᧻↰⊣㧘᧲ᶏᱜ㧘⮮ᐽẴ㧘ᐢᤐਯ (1993): ᢙ⒳ߩ᷆᳓㝼ߦኻߔࠆࠩࠬࠢࡦ㚟 㓸ലᨐ㧘᳓↥Ꮏቇ, 30, pp.1-8. (7) ⮮ᐽẴ㧘᧲ᶏᱜ㧘᧻↰⊣ (1994): ᳓ᮏታ㛎ߦ ߅ߌࠆ࠾ࠫࡑࠬᣣᵴേߣᾖᐲߩೝ✂Ṫ₪ߦ߷ ߔᓇ㗀㧘Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 60, pp. 577-583. (8) ⇌ਛብਯ (1997)㧦࠻ࡈࠣ⒩㝼ߩᚑ㐳ߣየ㠈 ߩᒻ⁁ߦ߷ߔ㘺⢒᳓ᮏߩ⦡㧘ᾖᐲ߅ࠃ߮㘺⢒ኒᐲ ߩᓇ㗀, ᣣᧄ᳓↥ቇળ, 63, pp. 734-738. (10) ⨹Ꮉਭᐘ㧘ፕᶲ⃟㧘ర⾆ᢥ㧘ਛༀᒾ (1996)㧦 ዊဳࠗࠞ㊒ࠅṪ⦁ߩ㓸㝼ἮశߩᶏਛᾖᐲಽᏓ, ᣣᧄ᳓↥ቇળ, 62, pp. 420-427. (11) ፕᶲ⃟㧘⨹Ꮉਭᐘ㧘ਛༀᒾ㧘ర⾆ᢥ (1998)㧦 ᣣᧄᶏߩࠗࠞ㊒ࠅṪ႐ߦ߅ߌࠆᶏ᳓ߩశቇ⊛᳓ဳ ߣ 㓸 㝼 Ἦ శ ߩ ㅘ ㆊ ․ ᕈ , ᣣ ᧄ ᳓ ↥ ቇ ળ , 64, pp.650-657. (12) ᓟ⮮⧷ม (2005): LED ߣᬀ‛⢒ᚑ 㧙ᤨઍࠍవ ขࠅߔࠆవ┵ᛛⴚ㧙ޟLED ߩㄘᨋ᳓↥ಽ㊁߳ߩᔕ ↪ޠ㧘ㄘᬺ㔚ൻදળ✬, pp.35-49. (14) ጟᧄ⎇ᱜ (2007)㧦ᐔᚑ 18 ᐕᐲ㕍⦡⊒శ࠳ࠗࠝ ࠼㓸㝼Ἦߦࠃࠆࠗࠞ㊒ࠅṪᬺ㕟ᬺߦ㑐ߔࠆ ႎ๔ᦠ㧘(␠)ࡑࡁࡈࠜࡓ 21 ᶏၞ✚ว㐿⊒⎇ⓥ ળ, p.43. (15) Okamoto, T., Takahashi, K., Ohsawa, H., Fukuchi, K., Hosogane, K., Kobayashi S., Moniwa, M., Sasa, K., Yoshino, H., Ishikawa, H., Harada, M., Asakura K., Ishii, H. (2008): Application of LEDs to Fishing Lights for Pacific Saury, Journal of light and visual environment, 32, pp.38-42. (16) ጟᧄ⎇ᱜ (2009): Ṫᬺߦ߅ߌࠆ LED ߩ↪ߣ ዷᦸ㧘ㄘᨋ᳓↥ᛛⴚ⎇ⓥࠫࡖ࠽࡞, 32, pp.32-37. 秋田大学大学院工学資源学研究科研究報告，第31号，2010年10月 9 ⎇ⓥႎ๔ The Social Construction of Literacy - A Case Study of Literacy Practices in the UK - Kolawole Waziri OLAGBOYEGA, PhD.** Abstract This article is a contribution, or at least signposts a contribution, to a continued exploration of third space or ‘in between’ literacy. This third space ‘in between’ literacy is a hybrid literacy discourse, apart from the autonomous vs. multiplicity polarity. It is a discursive exploration that acknowledges Literacy practices as fluid, migratory and continuously mutating, with emergent literacies simultaneously embodying and transcending the practices and ideologies from which they are formed. My intention is to imagine what a developmental framework, enabling a full analysis of this hybridity, this constant re-negotiation between the local and distant, between the local and global, between Literacy and literacy, may consist of. What conceptual tools are necessary to enable practitioners to characterise the space between literacy as expressed in the new adult literacy core-curriculum and literacy as expressed by an individual who wants nothing more than 'to feel more confident about her reading and writing'. 1. Introduction This research project represents my ongoing attempt 'Our success in the world, and the cohesion of to explore the varying spaces surrounding adult the communities in which we live, depend on how literacy that have come to define my experience within well we utilise the skills and abilities of all our academic an people. A prosperous and decent society ... [can exploration that occurs within the context of a not be achieved]... while large numbers of people particular organisation's attempt to interpret and lack basic literacy and numeracy ski l l s ’. and practitioner networks. It is implement New Labour's Skills for Life agenda. (1) Literacy is offered as an uneasy combination of This agenda is, in part, an articulation of the status superhero and deity - economic saviour, healer of awarded literacy by various late-capitalist governments marginalised communities - it has the capacity to struggling to assert /retain ascendancy within an stimulate functional, increasingly families, communities competitive globalised economy. intelligent, and work-dedicated individuals. Without Contemporary policy makers, in their drive to improve literacy the country is doomed to economic oblivion, a the nation's basic skills, herald and cherish a belief in mythology reified by continual shock: horror newspaper literacy as possessing breathtaking qualities. headlines, saturated with moral panic, invoking the illiterate as folk devil and economic saboteur Received July 5, 2010. ** Dr. Kolawole Waziri Olagboyega is a Full-time Associate Professor of English Language and Applied Linguistics in the Graduate School of Akita International University. He also Teaches (Part-time) in the Graduate School of the Faculty of Engineering and Resource Science of Akita University, Japan. (2) . The thinly disguised quantophrenics, revealed in the Big Magic numbers of international surveys of adult literacy showing Britain as lagging behind our European counterparts, rationalise this mysticism. Kolawole Waziri OLAGBOYEGA 10 The Skills for Life agenda has a localised A vision that is further reduced to concrete activities expression that alters the institutional life of everyone with quantifiable outcomes: involved in the delivery of adult basic skills. Providers 'Over the next three years the EHWLC Lit aims to build on of adult learning are cajoled and then bribed through this provision and develop further opportunities through: funding incentives into implementing the Basic Skills x Quality Initiative. community; This initiative focuses on the delivery of four key x objectives: 1. Partnership Basic Skills provision in the Short course programme of integrated basic skills and vocational/academic subjects with improvement in the quality of basic skills clear progression routes; provision x Increased awareness by all staff of the impact 2. improved experience for learners of basic skills needs on the teaching and 3. increase in the number of learners learning process and a staff development participating in basic skills provision programme for teaching staff across all 4. improvements achievement in rates the on retention basic areas.'(3). and skills programmes Rationale: 3. Professional Pragmatism 2. Skills for Life at a London College If the Basic Skills Quality Initiative represents a At Ealing, Hammersmith and West London College figurative backdrop to this study, in the foreground Literacy Centre (henceforth EHWLC Lit), where I are various contradictions and inconsistencies that served as the de facto Head of Skills for Life and continually unfold in the process of its implementation. Adult Development, the re-articulation of the national I discuss these discrepancies using the geographic agenda has taken the form of firstly a vision: metaphor of distance and space. This is a metaphor inspired by the work of Richard 'Recognising that basic skills is an important barrier to (4) learning the EHWLC Lit aims to remove these barriers Edwards for all those with basic skills needs and support their as continued learning through: operationalization of learning society - a neatly x what was -prior to the progression differentiated ambiguous moor land. In using this routes and appropriate metaphor I am suggesting that while 'literacy' may be with viewed as a single terrain, a distinct country, its learning difficulties and disabilities through boundaries, its defining features, its shape and climate its SLDD provision and for deaf people are far from unified. Specialist provision for students Engagement programmes for specific targeted groups using a range of curriculum 'hooks'; x from bounded, clearly defined field of work into a de- through its Centre for Deaf People; x shifting Discrete basic skills programme with clear accreditation where relevant; x who offers an understanding of education Additional learning support and open access study skills centre.' As a literacy practitioner, I am inexorably drawn into a consideration of spaces: x between literacy as policy construction and literacy as lived experience; The Social Construction of Literacy - A Case Study of Literacy Practices in the UK - x x 11 between perceptions of what adults with poor fabrication. Yet EHWLC Lit's Basic Skills Quality literacy can do and what those adults so Initiative Vision, the removal of poor basic skills as a defined describe themselves as doing; barrier to learning, has potency because of the context between what policy and pedagogy determine from which it emerges; a context that has not that adults with poor literacy need and what traditionally prioritised the needs of marginalized those same adults describe as their needs communities. This research project represents my attempt to The drive to ensure this organisation becomes more further define and map these spaces: to establish sensitive to the needs of students with literacy boundary points, contours, agreements, arguments and difficulties inevitably furthers the interests of those contestations. By gathering and analysing the words and of us working primarily with the C2DEs. Indeed, I images invoked by my counterparts when asked about would suggest, the nature of policy change is such that their views, experiences, perceptions, values, beliefs, if the professional interests of particular groups are practices and knowledge of literacy. furthered, the interests of other groups are potentially This study has the potential for immediate and direct professional gain. An exploration of, literacy as it expresses itself at EHWLC Lit would provide a undermined, compromised or in some way redefined. Inherent in the process of cultural change is the possibility of conflict. clearer and more sustainable framework for the My struggle to understand literacy at EHWLC Lit delivery of the Skills for Life agenda. The does not emerge from a desire to produce consensus, introduction literacy to neutralise conflict. My approach is one of wanting to programme to the EHWLC Lit implies an enormous establish how a programme of adult literacy can be cultural shift, a radically altered organisational ethos. developed in the organisation, embedded within the EHWLC Lit, a large general further education college pedagogic practices of colleagues, in ways that cohere in West London, has not traditionally worked with with their perception of literacy and its significance. communities who fall outside the ABC1 category. At an organisational level the study furthers the Colleagues retell, with pride, stories of their success in sustainable and successful implantation of the Basic resisting the utilitarian vocationalism that dominates Skills Quality Intuitive, and thus New Labour's Skills much for Life agenda. of a sustainable post-compulsory adult education, provocatively holding onto its commitment to adult learning as a leisurely pursuit, the 'Liberal Arts'. It has in many 4. Beyond the pragmatic: theoretical respects the feel of a would-be university for adults. The literacy of policy makers is unproblematically The staff newsletter boasts that staff members are defined by the Basic Skills Agency as: "The ability to not experts in their field, but 'the' experts in their read, write, and speak in English (or Welsh), and to use field. the mathematics at a level necessary to function at work possibility of identifying and supporting students and in society in general(5). This stands in diametric with literacy difficulties is that 'we don't get such opposition to literacy as conceptualised by the students here'. I describe the above based on my ethnographers of the New Literacy Studies: 'Literacy. experiences of the organisation in which I work. It is may be defined as the space between thought and and can only be a particular partisan view. An text'(6). An often-pointed interpretation of the out response significance of to selected utterances woven together to form an image: a Kolawole Waziri OLAGBOYEGA 12 There has in recent years - since the development of Literacy as a continuum, one unrelentlessly the New Literacy Studies - been a paradigm shift in metamorphosising into the other, existing at a point how literacy is studied. This has resulted in a shift where for an ephemeral moment at least they each from a psychological or cognitive model of literacy as become indecipherably the other. This is an absolute a set of pre-defined skills, a series of absolute green / red polarity. The autonomous literacy of policy behaviours to one that incorporates a view of literacy makers, emerging from what Mary Hamilton(7) as essentially relational, a historically situated social describes as enactive research, research which justifies and communicative practice. The ecology of literacy particular short term policy interventions to solve a in everyday life repositions literacy and definitions of perceived problem – quickly; verses the ecological literacy as ideological. It is no longer an autonomous literacy of ethnographic research, with its pronounced gift bestowed on certain individuals, but is contingent ethical stance, that offers an in-depth portrayal of and therefore implicated in institutional purposes and literacies and values, beliefs, practices that explain power relationships. how and why people behave the way they do with text. This undermines the notion of understanding literacy in terms of lack or deficit; contemporary The two notions co-exist as if they inhabited mutually exclusive zones. policy has institutionalised this view of deficit in the The difficulty with this mutual exclusion is that abstraction of literacy as level. The literacy of policy autonomous models of literacy overlap continually construction exists on a vertical line from Entry Level with vernacular literacies within a single entity – an 3 to Level 2; this metaphor implies that individuals organization, person, classroom or text. They can only have this or that amount of literacy that can be be viewed as theoretical polarities - a discourse measured dichotomy. The interaction of literacy as lived using uni-dimensional scale. This abstraction co-exists with the caveat that students experience, and literacy as policy construct invariably present with a spiky profile - that is they experienced by literacy practitioners and recipients of portray characteristics and behaviours belonging to the Skills for Life agenda – is a remarkably varying levels simultaneously. It is, however, possible unexplored, untheorised space. Anita Wilson, in to view the caveat 'spiky profile' as the defining attempting to unravel this intricacy, has described the feature of literacy rather than an anomaly. This is the juxtaposition as ‘third space’ literacy(9). stance of the ethnographers from the New Literacy This study is a contribution, or at least signposts a Studies; literacy is a series of practices - literacies - in contribution, to a continued exploration of third space which people engage with texts in diverse ways as part or ‘in between’ literacies. This third space ‘in between’ of discourse communities. Literacy practices represent literacy is a hybrid literacy discourse, apart from the ways of being in the world and exist alongside other autonomous vs. multiplicity polarity. It is a discursive culturally defined ways of being, including – ways of exploration that acknowledges Literacy practices as talking, acting, thinking, believing, valuing and fluid, migratory and continuously mutating, with interpreting (7). emergent literacies simultaneously embodying and These representations of Literacy (with a capital ‘L’ to suggest the uni-dimensional construct of policy transcending the practices and ideologies from which they are formed. makers) and literacies (with a small ‘l’ to suggest the My intention is to imagine what a developmental multiple literacies of ethnographers) are for the framework, enabling a full analysis of this hybridity, (8) moment presented dichotomously . This is not this constant re-negotiation between the local and The Social Construction of Literacy - A Case Study of Literacy Practices in the UK - 13 distant(10), between the local and global, between In suggesting the study is about space, I have Literacy and literacy, may consist of. What conceptual potentially already answered the question. And yet, my tools are necessary to enable practitioners to hunch that these differences exist is only a hunch. I characterise the space between literacy as expressed in may find more agreement than contestation. There is the new adult literacy core-curriculum and literacy as after all a popularised and publicly available definition expressed by an individual who wants nothing more of literacy. than 'to feel more confident about her reading and writing'. My earlier discussion may have implied that an understanding of competing theorisations of literacy as As the new Head of Skills for Life and Adult a polarity is an accepted framework. I want to deviate Development at the College, my desire is to come to an from this position and suggest greater diversity and understanding of how my colleagues accommodate fragmentation than the polarity sketched above apparent contradictions, within a single entity: the admits. organisation, the manager, the management team, the The Irish National Adult Literacy Agency (2003), teacher, the student or the text - each of whom has to offers a far more expansive view of literacy than one reconcile or hybridise contradictions, (or find some widely accepted and used by the Basic Skills Agency. other mechanism that enables them to co-exist). In "The integration of listening, speaking, reading, wanting to find out the possibilities for this mix, I need writing and numeracy. It also encompasses to uncover how agreement and contestation coalesce aspects of personal development, social, around my subject, literacy. economic, emotional and is concerned with I work towards the creation of the possibility of improving self-esteem and building dialogue between the two positions, inviting the c o nf i de nc e . I t g oe s f a r be y o n d t he me re autonomous view of literacy in policy construction to t e c h ni c al skills of communication. The become alert to the insights of literacy as socio- underlying aim of good literacy practice is to cultural practice; the proponents of a socio-cultural view to offer an account of how and why they enable people to understand and reflect on continually assert themselves to destabilize or further their life circumstances with a view to the autonomous literacy that dominates public life. In e x p l o r i n g n e w possibilities and initiating adding a dimension to an understanding of literacy, the constructive change." study has a potential impact beyond the EHWLC Lit. Yet the contrast between the two organisations is It highlights some of the possible issues and by no means definitive. A quick visit to the National constraints experienced by colleagues working in other Literacy similar situations. alternatives: To gain entrance to this territory, I ask a single Trust (2003) website offers greater "Literacy can be defined on a number of question: levels. It is obviously concerned with the "Do students, tutors and managers at the EHWLC ability to read and write but a fuller Lit share a common conception of what literacy is, definition might be the capacity to recognise, how literacy is learnt and who literacy students reproduce and manipulate the conventions of are?" text shared by a given community. " (John Hertrich in the HMI Secondary Literacy Kolawole Waziri OLAGBOYEGA 14 Survey) those who have discovered what kinds Or of literacy society values and how to "Using printed and written information to demonstrate their competencies in ways that f u n c t i o n i n s o c i e t y i n o r d e r t o achieve earn recognition." one's goals, and to develop one's knowledge and (Margaret Meek, Emeritus Professor of Education potential." (OECD 1996) at the Institute of Education, 'On Being Literate') again, An exploration of this rupture is not necessary in this "To acquire literacy is more than to context. I refer to it here in an attempt to establish psychologically and mechanically dominate lateral boundary points within which literacy as policy r e a d i n g a n d w r i t i n g t e c hn i q u e s . I t i s t o dominate those techniques in terms construction and literacy as lived experience locate themselves. I hope also to make it clear that these boundary points are not adequately conceptualised as of consciousness; to understand what existing along a continuum of - say - technical to social one reads and to write what one understands: it is to communicate graphically. Acquiring literacy does not involve memorizing sentences, words or syllables – lifeless objects unconnected to an definitions of literacy. A continuum / binary does not provide a complex enough metaphor for codifying these distinctions. I stop well short of suggesting literacy can only be understood as a fragmented and individualised existential universe - but rather an attitude construct within which each practice unfolds its of creation and re-creation, a self- particularity; what I move towards is a construct based transformation producing a stance of on a multi dimensional matrix incorporating an (11) understanding of literacy of, for and where; this may The above conceptualizations occupy ground wider and be transformed into literacy metaphors that include: deeper than implied by an either / or binary. literacy intervention in one's context." My preferred consideration, a self-referential as skills, tasks, practices or critical reflection. quote and chanced upon truth that emerged from my This is my attempt to explore Wilson's 'third attempt retell a misread and misremembered quote, space' or 'in between' literacy; a literacy of the somehow manages to be of analytical value: twilight zone; a literacy that exists beyond, outside, "An individual or a community may be understood as literate once they have learnt to mimic the conventions surrounding the linguistic and textual practices of those within, parallel to, that is surrounded by / contained within literacy as autonomous singularity or social multiplicity. It attempts to challenge the binary these two positions insists upon and rather views the tension between the two as a creative composite. Within any groups who hold authoritative positions within a given community. " Or organisation where literacy is part of the curriculum implicitly or explicitly - within in fact almost any learning exchange that involves the use of text - "Literacy is part of our class system … the spoken or written - there is on a daily basis a g r e a t d i v i d e i n l i t e r a c y i s n o t between juxtaposition between the officially sanctioned and those who can read and write and those who admitted literacy that managers are compelled to have not yet learned how to. It is between implement and the living literacy that participants The Social Construction of Literacy - A Case Study of Literacy Practices in the UK - 15 bring with them to the encounter. This meeting for a reconciliation of competing and contested creates a culturally specific hybrid a twilight literacy literacies may compel me to acknowledge that that within a multi-dimensional matrix has its own contradictions co-exist within a single entity, with distinct features. apparent ease. The outcome then, of this study that carefully My role as researcher may be to offer an collects and attentively arranges the words of my interpretation of that contradictory co-existence. To colleagues - is the creation of a conceptual hybrid; a define a social meaning that emerges from and is shaped discursive construction made up of competing, by human thought and existence. contradictory in/coherent fragments into a fluctuating whole. My preferred research approach to data gathering is the interview. With Usher's caution in mind, I am compelled to consider carefully the ontological nature 5. of the phenomenon I am gathering during the interview Research as an analytical daydream My epistemology, sense-making preferences are firmly located within a qualitative paradigm. In 'Understanding Social Research', Usher(12) offers two allegorical, and cautionary tales about research. In one tale protagonists search for order amidst a series of computer generated random associates. Driven by the determined belief in the existence of a unitary plan all involved - the generators of the random script and those seeking to uncover its truth - die in horrible and bizarre circumstances. The second tale offered by Usher is the story of a detective setting out to discover the identity of a murderer; the crime scene is that of a library with a single book - the identity of which remains unknown - sought as providing a unitary answer. Searching for an unknown truth, the discovery of which will explain everything, has parallels with the researcher’s quest for social scientific authoritative knowledge. Yet, in Usher's quoted tale, the 'truth' is discovered by chance - a dream, an accident, a misreading, misremembering or misinterpretation. I accept the challenge presented by Usher and resist the desire for a single unitary truth 'to emerge through this study. There is perhaps no single third space or 'in between' literacy that possesses the cohesion I strive to attain. Literacy as a shape-shifting, polymorphous fluctuating fragmentation that refuses definition - may be the nature of things. My search process. Foddy(13) reminds me in unambiguous terms that any claims based on interview data are extremely tenuous. According to Foddy, during interviews people do not always tell the truth - they misremember, or lie, or mis-present themselves or they speak from egos for one moment and id the next; there is a gap between what people say and what people do; their attitudes and beliefs are extraordinarily unstable - whimsical; how questions are worded, the interaction between interviewee and interviewer influences the nature of responses; people misinterpret questions and answers; they subvert, divert or simply misread; they respond to data external to the interview process, or internal but not immediately or apparently relevant to the question at hand; they respond to the way a question is asked rather than the question 'itself - assuming it is possible to identify a ' question' itself that exists apart from the way a question is asked. They answer questions about which they have no real basis for an answer, they uni/bi-laterally de/co-construct truths at will. I lean towards an understanding of research as an auto/biographical science that wilfully churns values, politics, subjective affectation and knowledge. I could suggest that the data gathered during the interview process is the randomly generated script of Usher's first tale. Any truth I discover within it rests on my willingness to draw on my subjectivity to daydream as well as to analyse. Kolawole Waziri OLAGBOYEGA 16 6. Having sketched a dominant and counter literacy Discourse "Stories are the secret reservoir of values; narrative, I want to place this discourse within an change the stories individuals or nations institutional setting and consider the varying ways it live by and tell themselves, and you change shapes not the explicit construction of polices but the implicit interpretation and implementation of those the individuals and nations. " (14) In working with marginalized communities and moving them from 'dysfunctional' literacy to 'functional' literacy, those of us involved in the Skills for Life agenda are insistent that what we are doing is offering adults A Good Thing. The imperative to develop the Nation's Basic Skills is considered - without doubt - a benign enterprise. This is a questionable conviction. Tremendous amount of energy goes into persuading people back into education; within months of the publication of the Kennedy Report discourses surrounding post-compulsory education were saturated by the phrase 'widening participation'; the mere use of which signified awareness of, belonging to a particular community within the College. It is now de rigueur to find entire college departments - or sections within departments, certainly a senior manager, devoted to policies. How does the pathologisation of the illiterate express itself within an organization? How are the discourses surrounding literacy taken-up, used and/or resisted? What are its local and material effects? What I aim at understanding is how individuals, in the context of an organisation, in the context of a lifeworld, in the context of a unique trajectory hear and interpret literacy discourses. How do they draw upon and actively assemble the varying discourses that affect their working lives - managerial, economic, pedagogic, exclusion, quality, work. How do these discourses impact upon and shape localised literacy discourses. My emphasis is less upon what my colleagues actually do - it is rather more focussed on what they say about what they do: a discourse about practice rather than a discourse of practice. recruiting 'hard-to-reach' adult learners. There is an Discourse is here understood as ways of organising implicit institutional recognition that a significant meaning, which find partial though not exclusive, portion of the communities we are called upon to 'help' expression in language. I am referring to something - 'do not care or do not know' that they have a that cannot be reduced to a detailed textual analysis, problem(15). although lexicalisations, patterns of transivity, use of There are counter discourses to this narrative. I would suggest that there may be times when becoming literate has ambivalent consequences; an intricately balanced relationship within a community or household may be thrown into disarray by one member acquiring autonomous literacy independence- and the beliefs, values, ways of behaving, ways of being that go along with it; if literacy is viewed as a social practice leaving dysfunctional literacy behind could be theorised as leaving behind an accepted 'self that causes contradictory strains in other aspects of an individual's life. active / passive voice are part of the approach. In this study my aim is to understand how literacy, literacy learning and literacy learners - are produced, not by a single unitary individual, not as a figurative object of a linguistic system, nor as a socio-economic by product but rather how power / knowledge constructions cohere through various texts, to create the conditions of possibility for different language acts that becomes embedded in the organisation. How do the discourses surrounding literacy map onto what can be said, thought and done at the EHWLC Lit? An immediate and localised illustration of the power of discourse relates to a concept of 'acquired learning difficulty'. Through a series of discussions, a The Social Construction of Literacy - A Case Study of Literacy Practices in the UK - 17 student who had no designated medicalised cognitive disability - is morally entitled to support. The person deficiency but had simply been born in a country that with low levels of literacy - who probably wagged did not have compulsory / accessible primary schooling, school for years as the undeserving poor is given no and in any case had travelled extensively (as an such attention. international footballer) in his mid-40's came to the I quote these as an instance where discourse, where EHWLC Lit wanting to learn how to read. His knowledge / power determine how the organisation independent ability to access text was limited to behaves towards a particular individual, how it defines completing his name and address on a form, and then responds to their perceived needs. It understanding the stations on the underground, constructs categories - that exist simply because those struggling with the headline in a newspaper. Joining a calling them have determined their existence. They class would have been difficult for him because of his then act as if they were real. approach to reading. Most literacy classes made the assumption that individuals can read independently, unaided. This particular individual was unable to. In My attempt is to understand the stories that my colleagues tell when they talk about literacy at the EHWLC Lit. order for him to gain one-to-one support - the organisation created a linguistic category: 'acquired 7. learning difficulty'. Once discursively constructed as Research Methods - data generating / gathering having an 'acquired learning difficulty' he became entitled to one-to-one support. A Student who relates My main source of data will be interviews - but the to text and those around him in a similar way, but intention is to ask both direct and indirect questions. without the sobriquet 'acquired learning difficulty' is To focus not on the implementation of the BSQI but left without one-to-one support. to share with research participants' personal and This is in many ways similar to the discourse surrounding dyslexia. Students designated - or to use the medicalised term most commonly used in colleges, 'diagnosed' as having dyslexia are allocated a considerable degree of financial resource. The way in professional experiences of literacy. At some point these ideas may be used to sketch a hybrid literacy composite with some suggestions regarding how these features may impact upon the delivery of the organisations agenda. which this individual interacts with text by being labelled 'dyslexic' is considered special, in any case by nature different to the way a student who is defined as Interviews will be undertaken with: x Assistant Principal having low levels of literacy even if when assessed using implementing a similar process they may be 'measured' as at a similar Initiative level, and may be enrolled on the same programme of x study. The dyslexic student is defined as 'intelligent' but with a disability that prohibits development of literacy skills; the literacy student's intelligence is not considered as relevant. This echoes the Victorian the responsible Basic Skills for Quality Senior Head of Programme - Essential Skills & Learner Services x Members of the Basic Skills Strategy Group x Tutors working on discrete Basic Skills Parish Councils charitable given and the distinction programme; an integrated course – usually made between the deserving and undeserving poor. The non-basic skills specialists, student support dyslexic - as the deserving poor with a medicalised x Students who have joined Basic Skills classes Kolawole Waziri OLAGBOYEGA 18 x Students who have joined other courses and by invoking the notion of reflexivity, I recognise my who make use of learning support. role within while placing myself outside – slightly For the first, experimental, phase of the project, a above! – the discourses I systematically analyse. Is this research project into the practicalities of doing research possible? I have no vocabulary within which to think at my place of work, I intend to interview four outside the discourse I not only inhabit but as a literacy colleagues. The more detailed research project to worker actively construct. In analysing discourse and follow will involve much nearer to twenty participants their relationship to power / knowledge constructions, I and may involve a revisitation of the original award myself the role of saviour, liberator, detective, interviews. one who has managed to rise above it all – including The intention is to transcribe these interviews and treat the transcription as text to be analysed. Alongside these interviews, I would like to interrogate government policy by analysing in detail defining policy publications: delivering Skills for Life, the CoreCurriculum & Success in Literacy and Numeracy. I aim at devising a series of questions that would enable me to interrogate the policy text and dialogue derived text in a very similar way. The interviews will be semi-structured and timed. The practical consideration of colleagues with intense workloads suggests this as the most likely way to encourage agreement to be interviewed. my colleagues. I position them as guilty, ill-informed, used by politicians to implement an oppressive agenda that marginalizes the very communities it pretends to empower. At this point I can see no way out of this dilemma. A reversion to playful, anything goes, mine as one-story among many with no special status amounts to little more than superficial nihilistic cynicism. The insistence on validity as little more that a paradigmatically defined line of bifurcation(17), an anachronistic hang-over from positivism, a subterranean fear of an essentialised Other – may resolve my dilemma, but render the entire exercise of questionable value. In offering the study as research into literacy at EHWLC Lit, I also suggest a secondary project, as research into the process of 8. Research Methods - data analysis (16) Stephen Ball describes discourse as about – not only research. I hope to further explore this dilemma and identify a less fidgety position. what can be said and thought, but also about who can For the moment, I reserve the right to accept the speak, when, where & with what authority. His view words offered to me by colleagues as gifts; gifts that I highlights not only the power of discourse, but also the have a responsibility to creatively work with to co- power to make discourse. This is a power that derives construct a mutually recognisable, even if not not from language itself – language may describe or completely shared – narrative around literacy learning obscure it – but from institutional positioning. and learners. In examining the words of my colleagues, how they are uttered, what reception they are given, and by 9. Interrupted silences whom, with what influence, drawing of what references, I occupy an uneasy position. My dilemma is one faced by anyone who explores the hidden territories of pre / con / sub / text. I am implicated within the very discourses I critique. Co-conspirator in discourses I describe as appearing common sensically benign. Yet, If the discussion so far has concentrated on defining the research trajectory as technical: what I intend to do / how I intend to do it, and epistemological: what I hope to learn from the experience – the notion of publicly disseminating the research findings insists on a personal The Social Construction of Literacy - A Case Study of Literacy Practices in the UK - and transforming discussion; it compels a confrontation x with issues of voice, representation, solitude, solidarity and place within a knowledge generating community. which both foreground and obscure x x Adult Literacy - a lose gathering of is undermined by my role as researcher: active and an anthropological project practitioners and researchers sympathetic to which scientifically validates voyeurism by placing the colonised other under the ethnographer's gaze. the New Literacy Studies; x teachers interested in understanding the as strategic resistance, a refusal to be known, a face- genderised and racialised epistemological language game is shattered by the notion of sharing research. Once the research is finalised and 'approved' it signifies the possibility of my gaining access to institutionalised discourses of power, and a requirement that I argue for, in defence of, not only my own academic interest, but the interests of those who have participated in the project, or the interests of those who with or without participating, are none-theless leading protagonists within the project: namely C2DEs who have tentatively began to 'opt-into 'New Labour's Skills for Life Agenda. In disseminating research findings my silent sanctuary is, if not completely shattered, at least interrupted: yet another invasion on my peace and quiet! The opportunities for this interruption are plenty: x distribution of the full research project to colleagues at EHWLC Lit; x Re-presentation of key considerations to emerge from interviews as a series of recommendations about the best way to implement the Basic Skills Quality Initiative to Basic Skills Strategy group - or Senior Management Team at the College; The re-presentation of central issues as teaching and learning materials for student The ambiguous safety of silence - here positioned saving rejection of the invitation to participate in a Leading a discussion group at a relevant conference hosted by Research and Practice in other indices of oppression. But my marginalised status in Participation in a doctoral students poster conference; considerations of race, gender, sexuality, dis/ability and complicit Submission of an appropriately slanted version to relevant academic journals; I may choose to historicize and name my location in terms 19 relevance of the New Literacy Studies; x The re-presentation of central issues as teaching and learning materials for literacy students interested in exploring the connections between how they use and learn literacy in and out of institutionalised settings. Kolawole Waziri OLAGBOYEGA 20 References (1) Blunkett, D. (2001): Skills for Life: The national strategy for improving adult literacy and numeracy skills. UK: DfEE., p.5. (2) Barton, D. (2000): Moral Panics About Literacy, Lancaster University, CLS, Working Paper Series. Vol. 10, No. 4, pp.25-42. (3) EHWLC (2001): EHWLC Lit Vision for Basic Skills, Internal document from the Basic Skills Strategy Group at EHWLC Lit. p.3. (4) Edwards, R. (1997): Changing places? Flexibility, Lifelong learning and a learning society. London: Routledge. p.10. (5) Basic Skills Agency (2003): Basic Skills Agency Website: http://www.basic-skills.org.uk (6) Barton, D. & Hamilton, M. (1998): Local Literacies: Reading & Writing in one Community. London: Routledge. p.12. (7) Hamilton, M. (2001): Privileged Literacies: Policy, Institutional Process and the Life of the ILS, In Language & Education, Vol. 15, Nos. 2 & 3. p.95112. (8) Gee, J.P. (1996): Social Linguistics and Literacies: Ideology & Discourse, Routledge, Falmer: Taylor & Francis Group. p.24. (9) Wilson, A. (2000): There is no escape from the Third Space, in Barton, Hamilton & Ivanic: Situated Literacies, Routledge, Falmer: Taylor & Francis Group. pp.22-41. (10) Brandt, S. & Clinton, B. (2003): Literacies: Local and Distance. London: Routledge. p.46. (11) Paulo Freire (1973): 'Education: The Practice of Freedom'. London: Routledge. p.33. (12) Usher, R. (1997): Challenging the power of rationality in McKenzie et al, in Understanding Social Research. London: The Falmer Press. pp.529. (13) Foddy, W. (1993): Constructing Interviews for Interviews and Questionnaires, Cambridge University Press. p.10. (14) Okri, B. (1996): Birds of Heaven. London: Phoenix. p.8. (15) Moser, C. (1999): A Fresh Start. UK: Department for Education and Employment. p.7. (16) Ball, S. (2001): Performativities and fabrications in the education economy in Gleeson & Husbands: The Performing School. London, Rutledge Falmer. pp.15-30. (17) Scheurich, J. (1997): The masks of validity: Research methods on the post-modern, Routledge, Falmer: Taylor & Francis Group. p.28. 秋田大学大学院工学資源学研究科研究報告，第31号，2010年10月 21 ⎇ⓥႎ๔㩷 Safe Drinking-Water for the Poor Initiative of Grameen Veolia Water Ltd Hiromi Tsuboi** Abstract Water is as important as oxygen and we cannot exist without it. Today, one in five people in the developing countries̆some 1.1 billion in all̆lacks access to adequate water sources. Bangladesh is one of the developing countries which face the water-for-life problems. In 1993, arsenic contamination of groundwater in Bangladesh was first reported. It is estimated that 25% of 10 million tube wells are detected to be arsenic contaminated, and 30 million people have been exposed to arsenic contamination. In order to supply safe drinking-water to the poorest communities of Bangladesh, Grameen Veolia Water Ltd was set up in March 2008 as a social business and the operation of the first plant was inaugurated in June 2009. This paper first presents an overview of Grameen Veolia Water Ltd, and then, based on my fieldwork, examines how this water business is managed and finally explores how it contributes to people’s life. 1. Introduction Water is as important as oxygen and we cannot exist more than 30 million people have been exposed to arsenic contamination by drinking(6). the use Table of 1 untreated shows the without it. Therefore water is indispensable to life and a groundwater basic human right. Today, one in five people in the distribution of arsenic-contaminated groundwater, and developing countries̆some 1.1 billion in all̆lacks the statistics of arsenic calamity is given in Table 2. (1) access to adequate water sources . In terms of this for Bangladesh has the largest arsenic-risked problem, some trace it to a problem of scarcity, and population in the world. The groundwater in 92% of 64 predict a future of water shortage due to rising districts is contaminated with arsenic and 75 million (2) population and expanding demands for water . Some people are at risk (Table 2). The Government of argue that there is more than enough water in the world Bangladesh adopted the guideline on arsenic alleviation for the purpose of domestic use (water for life), policy in March 2004. However, the number of substitute agriculture and industry (water for livelihoods), and the water sources is limited and the supply of safe core of the water problem is rooted in power, poverty drinking-water still remains a crucial problem(9). and inequality, not in physical amount(3). In order to supply safe drinking-water to the poorest Bangladesh is one of the developing countries communities of Bangladesh, Grameen Bank, Nobel which face the water-for-life problems. In 1993, arsenic Peace Prize Laureate for 2006, and Veolia Water, the contamination of groundwater in Bangladesh was first worldwide company of water and wastewater services, reported by the Department of Public Health Engineering set up a joint company called Grameen Veolia Water Ltd (4) of Bangladesh . It is estimated that 25% of 10 million (5) tube wells are detected to be arsenic contaminated , and in March 2008 as a social business and the operations of the first plant inaugurated in June 2009. This paper first presents an overview of Grameen Veolia Water Ltd, and then, based on my fieldwork Received July 17, 2010 **Graduate School of Engineering and Resource Science, Akita University carried out in March 2010, examines how this water business is managed and finally explores how it contributes to people’s life. Hiromi TSUBOI 22 joint venture between Grameen Healthcare Services Ltd, Percentage of groundwater surveyed in a Grameen Bank’s subsidiary, and Veolia Water AMI 1998 by the British Geological Survey with arsenic (Africa, the Middle East and the Indian subcontinent), a Table 1 (7) levels over 0.05 mg/l . District % of Veolia Water’s subsidiary which supplied drinking water District % of groundwater groundwater surveyed surveyed to eight million people in Africa and India in 2009(10). This company belongs to the social business model advocated by Muhammad Yunus who is the founder of Bagerhat 66 Madaripur 93 Grameen Bank and Nobel Peace Prize Laureate for 2006 Barisal 63 Magura 19 along with Grameen Bank. His definition of a social Brahmanbaria 38 Manikganj 15 business is that it is not a charity but a non-loss and Chandpur 96 Meherpur 60 non-dividend company designed to pursue specific social Chittagong 20 Moulvibazar 12 goals, and the profits are reinvested to expand the Chuadanga 44 Munshiganj 83 company’s reach and improve the product/service(11). Comilla 65 Narail 43 Figure 1 illustrates how a social business works. He also 3 Narayanganj 24 shows his idea of social business as having seven Dhaka 37 Nawabganj 4 Faridpur 66 Noakhali 75 Feni 39 Pabna 17 Gopalganj 94 Pirojpur 24 Jessore 51 Rajbari 24 Investor Jhalakati 14 Rajshahi 6 Return of Jhenaidah 26 Satkhira 73 Khulna 32 Shariatpur 80 Kushtia 28 Syllhet 19 Lakshmipur 68 Cox’s Bazar principles(13) (Table 3). Initial Investment Investment investment Reinvestment Net Profit Product Social need Table 2 ᵱᶍᶁᶇᵿᶊᴾ ᶁᵿᶓᶑᶃᴾ Statistics of arsenic calamity in Bangladesh(8). Sales How does a social business work?(12) Fig. 1 Total number of districts in Bangladesh 64 Total population of Bangladesh 125 million WHO arsenic drinking water standard 0.01mg/l Table 3 Bangladesh arsenic drinking water 0.05mg/l Business objective will be to overcome poverty, or Seven principles(13). one or more problems (such as education, health, standard Number of districts surveyed for 64 people and society; not profit maximization arsenic contamination Number of districts having arsenic technology access, and environment) which threaten 59 Financial and economic sustainability Investors get back their investment amount only. No above 0.05mg/l in groundwater Population at risk 75 million Number of patients suffering from 8,500 arsenic poisoning dividend is given beyond the invested money When investment amount is paid back, company profit stays with the company for expansion and improvement Environmentally conscious 2. 2.1 Overview of Grameen Veolia Water Ltd Social Business In 2008, Grameen Veolia Water Ltd (hereinafter Grameen Veolia) was established as a social business Workforce gets market wage with better working conditions Do it with joy Safe Drinking-Water for the Poor - Initiative of Grameen Veolia Water Ltd - 2.2 Background Bangladesh is a country with abundant fresh water. 23 water to approximately 25,000 inhabitants. The water is produced according to the World Most of the rural population used to consume water from Health Organization standards, and the water quality is ponds and rivers. In the 1970’s and 80’s, nearly eight regularly analyzed by both Grameen Veolia and external million tube wells were installed throughout Bangladesh, laboratories such as ICDDR, B (International Center for and people used groundwater pumped up from the tube Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Bangladesh) and BUET wells, which now occupy almost 90% of the access to (Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology). water(14). However, for geological reasons, most of the groundwater has been reported to be contaminated with arsenic. Today, more than 30 million people face great danger of chronic arsenic poisoning and some have died. In order to supply safe drinking-water to the poorest communities of Bangladesh, Grameen Veolia initiated a water business following the social business model as one of the solutions for the above arsenic problem. . 2.3 Operation(15),(16) Grameen Veolia is a joint venture registered in Bangladesh and its ownership is 50-50 (between Grameen Healthcare Services Ltd and Veolia Water AMI). The initial plan is to build five water treatment plants by 2012 and to provide 100,000 local people in Fig. 2 The first Grameen Veolia plant in Goalmari. around five villages with drinkable water for their essential needs, that is, water for drinking and cooking, at an affordable price. The total investment for five plants is estimated at US$ 800,000, and this investment will be returned by water charges levied on consumers. The first plant (Figure 2) was constructed in the India poorest village of Goalmari Union in Daudkandi Upazila Goalmari Dhaka (sub-district), Comilla District, Chittagong Division, which is located 50km east of Dhaka (Figure 3). The government of Bangladesh reports that more than 80% of the groundwater from tube wells in the rural areas is Myanmar contaminated with arsenic. Goalmari also has a number of arsenic-contaminated tube wells. This first plant started working in April 2009. The equipment was manufactured locally with using the technical know-how transferred by Veolia side. Since the surface water is not contaminated with arsenic, the plant uses water from Meghna Gomti River. The water treated at the plant undergoes traditional antibacterial treatment through activated carbon filtration and chlorination. The process of water production is shown in Figure 4. The capacity of the plant is 10 cubic meters per hour, and the water is distributed through 4km pipelines to 11 tap points (Figure 5). The plant intends to supply Fig. 3 Location of the first Grameen Veolia plant(17). Hiromi TSUBOI 24 River Chlorination with O2 Sedimentation Water Intermediate Pump Treated Filtration storage Tap point water storage intake Fig. 4 Pipelines Process of water production(16). adequate water is and why it is essential for health through the workshops for the local people held by Grameen as well as Grameen Bank’s weekly meetings every Bank’s borrower is encouraged to attend. Moreover, Grameen puts up posters (Figure 6) and slogan boards (Figure 7) at conspicuous places in the villages. It also distributes school supplies (Figure 8) to pupils/students in order to raise their consciousness about health and encourage them to convey the importance of safe drinking-water to their guardians. Fig. 5 2.4 Tap point. Enlightenment on safe drinking-water In general, people in the rural areas of Bangladesh consider water to be free. The target consumers of Grameen Veoria in Goalmari have used groundwater and river surface water free of charge. They rarely or never buy bottled water, for example which costs 10-12 taka (about 13-16 yen) per 500ml. The government has recently installed the 800 feet (about 240m) tub wells there. People enjoy arsenic-free water without paying, though bacteria in the water are not removed properly. Against this background, Grameen Veolia has introduced a marketing strategy tailor-made to the local context. Grameen Bank’s side provides its know-how and networks in order to create awareness of the value of Grameen Veolia’s water. Grameen informs Grameen Bank’s borrowers and other inhabitants about what Fig. 6 Poster. Safe Drinking-Water for the Poor - Initiative of Grameen Veolia Water Ltd - Fig. 7 Slogan board. Fig. 9 Fig. 8 25 Water dealer. School supplies. Fig. 10 Token. Impacts of safe drinking-water on the People Fieldwork was conducted at Grameen Veolia plant 3) Water dealers undergo one-day-training to learn how and Paschim para (section of a village) of Goalmari 4) Customers use tokens (Figure 10) instead of cash. The village in March 2010. Findings are as follows. shapes of tokens are different according to the amount of 1) As of March 2010 (ten months after inauguration), water. For example, a token for five liters is round and a 800 out of 3,500 inhabitants of Paschim para are square token shows twelve liters. These different shapes supplied Grameen Veolia’s water. help the illiterate people (adult literacy rate: 47.5%(18)) to 2) Water dealers, who are recommended by Grameen understand the price and amount of water with ease. Bank, are recruited among Grameen Bank’s borrowers to 5) Water is sold for three taka (about four yen) per ten supervise the tap points. Milon Begum is one of them liters at the tap point, where people come to buy water (Figure 9). She is in her forties with two sons and two (Figure 11). daughters. She has been a member of Grameen Bank for 6) Water dealers can get a commission of five paisa (0.05 20 years. She received a small loan from Grameen Bank taka) per liter. In Milon’s case, she gets 50-80 taka to run an engine boat business, and now earns (about 65-105 yen) per day as her commission. This 8,000-10,000 taka (about 10,400-13,000 yen) a month. means that she sells 1,000-1,600 liters a day. The 3. to maintain a tap point and how to sell water. Hiromi TSUBOI 26 difference of her commission shows that the sales and the plant is now in full operation. amount of water changes a lot depending on seasons. (2) This plant has supplied drinking water complying Water sells well in summer, but does not in winter. with the WHO standards. The consumer target is 25,000 Grameen Veolia estimated that the daily consumption for inhabitants. a family of six would be 30 liters per day(19). Suppose (3) Grameen Veolia has been successful in creating this estimation was used, Molin would have more than awareness of the value of safe drinking-water among the 30 households per day as customers. local people. 7) Milon sells water from eight a.m. to ten a.m. and five (4) In rural Bangladesh, the majority of village people p.m. to eight p.m. every day. People, mainly women, cannot afford to lay a water pipe inside a house by their gather around the water tap and enjoy chatting and own fund. Moreover the system of billing customers exchange of information etc. does not function. Therefore, the water-distribution 8) Some village women except Grameen Bank’s system and the water-charge-collection system are borrowers have been buying Grameen Veolia’s water tailored to the local context. Eleven tap points are since they listened to the quality of water from their equipped at a rather densely populated area, where water children. dealers sell water and people buy it with tokens. (5) The water dealer is a new job created by Grameen Veolia, and Grameen Bank’s senior borrowers are allocated to this new job as a sideline. Their commission is five paisa (0.05 taka) per liter. (6) The space around the water tap is an important place for women to get together. Women are building social networks there. From the above, it is suggested that Grameen Veolia plays an important role in the aspect of health, economics, and social capital. However there are a lot of people who do not have access to Grameen Veolia (about 77% in Paschim para’s case). This implies that people Fig. 11 People buying safe drinking-water. still tend to drink the free groundwater, which is not contaminated with arsenic (Bangladesh arsenic drinking water standard, 0.05mg/l is used in this case.) but whose 4. Conclusion The social business has attracted attention since the Millennium Development Goals were determined. The Grameen Group has played a leading role in solving social problems through their ongoing social businesses. Grameen Veolia is in the Grameen network, and its goal is to build five water treatment plants by 2012 and to provide 100,000 local people in around five villages with drinkable water for their essential needs (water for drinking and cooking) at affordable prices. The analysis of the situation as of March 2010 is as follows. (1) The equipment of the first plant with 4km pipelines was manufactured locally except pipes made in India, bacteria are not removed properly, rather than the fee-charging water complying with the WHO standards. Moreover, according to the poverty line in 2005 based on CBN (Cost of Basic Needs), 749 taka a month for each person is the lower poverty line in rural areas of Comilla District(20). Since Grameen Veolia suggests a minimum requirement of five liters a day per capita, the water charge per month might cost 45 taka, which accounts for six percent of the monthly expenditure. implications should be examined closely. These Safe Drinking-Water for the Poor - Initiative of Grameen Veolia Water Ltd - References (1) UNDP (2006): Human Development Report 2006, UNDP, 27 treatment and cost recovery through social business of Grameen-Veolia Water Ltd in Bangladesh, pp. 1-3. p. 22. http://www.expozaragoza2008.es/ContenidosAgenda/tda/ST05 (2) 36.pdf (Retrieved on March 5, 2010). UNDP (2006): Human Development Report 2006, UNDP, p. 2. (3) UNDP (2006): Human Development Report 2006, UNDP, (16) Grameen Veolia Water Ltd. (leaflet). (17) Bangladesh Map, pp. 2-3. http://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/area/bangladesh/index.html (4) (Retrieved on June 11, 2010). Mahfuzar Rahman (2006): International Research on Arsenic Contamination and Health, Journal of Health, (18) Population and Nutrition, International Centre for Diarrhoeal UNDP, p.231. Disease Research, Bangladesh, No. 24 (2), p. 123. (19) (5) treatment and cost recovery through social business of JICA㧘ࡃࡦࠣ࠺ࠪࡘᜬ⛯⊛⎆⚛ᳪᨴኻ╷ࡊࡠࠫࠚ UNDP (2007): Human Development Report 2007/2008, Samir Chowdhury, Olivier Gilbert (2008): Water ࠢ࠻, Grameen-Veolia Water Ltd in Bangladesh, p. 2, http://www.jica.go.jp/project/bangladesh/0515032E0/07/01.ht http://www.expozaragoza2008.es/ContenidosAgenda/tda/ST05 ml (Retrieved on April 21, 2010). 36.pdf (Retrieved on March 5, 2010). (6) (20) UNDP (2006): Human Development Report 2006, UNDP, ࿖㓙දജ㌁ⴕ㧔2007㧕 㧦 ⽺ޟ࿎ࡈࠔࠗ࡞࠺ࠣࡦࡃޠ pp. 40-41. ࠪࡘ࿖, p. 10, (7) http://www.jica.go.jp/activities/issues/poverty/profile/pdf/bang Allan H. Smith, Elena O. Lingas, Mahfuzar Rahman, (2000): Contamination of drinking-water by arsenic in Bangladesh: a public health emergency, Bulletin of the World Health Organization, No. 78 (9), p. 1094. (8) Md. Safiuddin, Md. Masud Karim (2001): Groundwater Arsenic Contamination in Bangladesh: Causes, Effects and Remediation, Proceedings of the 1st IEB (Institution of Engineers, Bangladesh) international conference, p. 3. (9) JICA㧘ࡃࡦࠣ࠺ࠪࡘᜬ⛯⊛⎆⚛ᳪᨴኻ╷ࡊࡠࠫࠚ ࠢ࠻ⷐ, http://www.jica.go.jp/project/bangladesh/0515032E0/outline/in dex.html (Retrieved on April 21, 2010). (10) Key figures concerning Veolia Water, http://www.veoliawater.com/veolia-water/key-figures/ (Retrieved on June 7, 2010). (11) Yunus, Muhammad (2008): Creating a World without Poverty: Social Business and the Future of Capitalism, Subarna, pp.21-40. (12) Internal materials offered by Nadina Perera, Assistant Program Officer, Yunus Centre on March 22, 2010. (13) Yunus Centre, http://www.muhammadyunus.org/Social-Business/grameen-ve olia-water-ltd/ (Retrieved on April 15, 2010). (14) Samir Chowdhury, Olivier Gilbert (2008): Water treatment and cost recovery through social business of Grameen-Veolia Water Ltd in Bangladesh, p.2, http://www.expozaragoza2008.es/ContenidosAgenda/tda/ST05 36.pdf (Retrieved on March 5, 2010). (15) Samir Chowdhury, Olivier Gilbert (2008): Water ladesh_fr.pdf (Retrieved on June 29, 2010). 秋田大学大学院工学資源学研究科研究報告，第31号，2010年10月 फ़ࢄ၇ਆȻ 29 Ȼ ନࣄѢಯпѽ൷ѿѶѢљуѾࢱڱѢॉȻ ൌ়! ෟ**̟࢝ჿᅧ***̟৹ࢳ! ধ** Common Practical Rules of the Class for MONOZUKURI Education Tadashi Ohyoshi**, Shigetoshi Kyouno***, Mamoru Takahashi** Abstract Practice of making a hand craft miniature model in the class of undergraduate students is very important for cultivating their engineering ability responding to the high technology oriented contemporary society. The practice, that is so called “Sozo-Kobo-Jisshu” or Monozukuri education, is recently renewed up with some new idea in the Mechanical Engineering Department. Some remarks of educational viabilities on the practice have been deduced and shown. Especially remaking a miniature in different size from the basic reference one is an excellent strategic method. The method inspires students to have their solutions for the faced problems in the course of resizing products. In general, the quality of industrial products is sensitive depending upon their materials, dimension and cost. Besides the above dependency, expected solutions exist numerously and spread widely. Then, students’ original solutions will be expected as creative ones. The practical trials of resizing miniatures should be installed into the curriculum. The first merit of the practice is provoking students to solve the problem with their created idea. The second merit is easy illustration of the practice. The students will be able to understand quickly what work they have. The third merit is their adaptability for the planning under various educational circumstances. Reports by the students show their impression in detail with their approval for the class. 2/ ѣьѵџ! ᅶі̟࠱ೊඑૢѹಕჸษඑૢ҇ॶѠܥᅀюҀҬҠӞ ੧ਘѣীࢲڲѠവюҀඑૢ࠱ଃݶрѾѣᅆ౪ ѝьћളपᅶћє͑ѷѣњфѿࢲ͒ڲс໙ႏѣசᅗ҇ Ѥതᄼќзѿ̟ђѣဦຍѷाьй̠ђѣѽлџඩќ̟ બнҀྣధॊѠџјћйҀ̠! ೢซޓѣჵ൏ѠܥнѾҁҀᆜѤ࠱ೊᆜќзҀ̠ьєс ѷѣњфѿࢲڲѠ࠙ьћѤ̟န26ѣ͑ຠ௲зҀ јћ̟ᇫᅬษપᆜѣ࠱ೊѝџҀి̟ݏѣ ൌࢲڲબӊӠңӜӓ͒Ѡൗъҁєຐษଙѿ එૢ҇ޱѠఓѠ࿌цћйҀшѝс࿋݉ूќзѿ̟ஜ Ѵѣᆰ)4*с।ѾҁҀ̠ѳєჭษѠܥэћᄼ̴џ๘р џфѝѷડݢนଳᆈඍޏѠпйћѤ̟ђҁೱܥѣ ѾതфѣൌќѷુѴѾҁћ၈ਇъҁћйҀ)5*.)9*̠!! ͑ડᆜ͒)2*Ѡ।৾лඑૢ̡ᅬ̟ݷཟᅀษ഻࡚̟๘̡ ѷѣњфѿࢲڲѤౡѠᅆ౪ъҁћйҀᄼ̴џૄ )3* ҇ڲѵќหьєଙѿѴќзѿ̟ѝфѠೖഉౖѠ ѷѾџцҁѥџѾџй̠ђҁѤݏѣඑૢѝ ࠙ьћѤ࠱ႏษџѝш҂рѾଙѿ҈ѕᇫ):*)21*ѷз ђѣܥᅀᆜ҇࣫છќтҀૄ҇ૐі̟ଃݶဦ݂Ѡവܥ Ҁ̠ਘݸѣ၈ਇѤ̟ђҁѾ҇ຄѳнћलݭьರъҁ ќтҀ࡚ୠଅсྣᅆѝъҁћйҀєѶќзҀ̠ຠѠ࡚ єफ६рѾ̟ࣅѝьћзҀѮтતѣॊ҇ग़ກьє ୠѣ৹๘݂¦݂Ѡѝѷџй̟ݏय़ࢅଅѕцќѤ ѷѣќзҀ୍̠јћႏঢ়ѤҪӜӃҬѣிݵќѤџй̠! ষౖ҇࿌цҀѮтќзҀ̠ѳє࡚ୠଅᅋѣୋ ृݷќтџйݢ൏сഄнћйҀ̠ђшќ࡚ୠѣા฿Ѡ ```````````````````````````````````````````````` 3121 8 ॉ 34 ໙ଦᅬ! ++ସใൌൌۈীૄॴ य़ࢅ ކࡀݏীಕ্Faculty, Major in Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering and Resource Science, Akita University ***Graduate Student, idem. ! 3/ Ңӝ̶ӉџѼѿಯ! ীૄॴࡀކীݏсೖഉীၯѝьћѷ ѣњфѿࢲڲѠଙѿ҈ќтєဦಲ҇ࡌю̠န21 Ѡൌൌৢ݂ѠཕйოษѠంьйҞӝҠӘӜӓќ ҬҲ̷һьє̠ђѣѠ৹ষцѠݏჭ3൴!ڕ ! 大好直，京野成利，高橋護 30 ѝьћಈцѾҁєс̟క৫ѣєѶѠलݭсຍ ҁѥџѾџйѣќ̟ྣᅆџ৾ѠѤ௱ѠйћрѾю тୟьєѣѤန23ସќзҀ̠ഒѤषᅠ҇6 ѮтќзҀ̠ьєсјћࣞൊѣ৾ᅬษџൌࢲڲѝь ޏѣܵрѾᅝ݁ъѐћѷ߇ҁџйѽлџवᆙ݂၆ ћೱܥьйѷѣњфѿࢲڲѤ̟પऌᇊюҀࡀݶѣด ѣಈल҇ݢь̟ђѣঞ̟ॊ҇ဦнєѿьћౡફ ࢞҇ાь̟එૢѝඑञ҇࿌цҀѝюѮтќзҀ̠ ຐьє̠န28ړ৶Ѥ̟рѾфѿलѠҹ̷ӑ҇ဦ Ѱѝ҈ўѣౡѤങࣅঞѠრचњфѿ҇ഘцҀшѝ н̟लౣ๘ѣࢢ೯ѹѿѣпѷь҂ъ҇ࢢлѝ Ѥџйќз҂лс̟ьрь̟ђѣफ६Ѥࡍџඑૢѹ ьћ҇ݑчћтє̠န32๘рѾѤ̟ౡѣೖ එञѝџјћગҀ̠ҀѷѣсࡽဦюҀ࡚ୠଃݶќѷ ഉౖᝫᅋѣєѶѠ̟࿁ಱൗѣᄢ๘ѣൌтйӒҾҴ വ݉ܥџඑษѷѣњфѿࢲ҇ڲჭફюѮтќзҀ̠ Әҕრचњфѿ҇ѿҁє̠! ຠซѣ౦࿁҇љфҀєѶѣ࡚ऌᇊќѤџй̠! :1ಷঞѣࡀކীݏౡѤ࠶ၱѠܥэћ̟ѳєࢲ ᄳૌѤєѕѣ౺Ѵძ҇ไଇѠ।ᅶћћᄦѫૉсќ ۀѤಕჸѠܥэћ4ңӞ̷ӊ)ࡀކಈलңӞ̷ӊ̟ᅻ тҀ̠ౡڕѠџҀѝпѷіѸѣไଇѠೲсџйѝ ളңӞ̷ӊ̟ӔҞһӠҾҢҬңӞ̷ӊ*ѠခрҁҀ̠ ࢺႴсџфџҀ̠ൌఘќзҁѥӟ̷ӞѠјћӋҶҼ ђҁѓҁѣңӞ̷ӊѠѤࣅѣलݭѝರѠ౾ໟ҇ ӜӦӊ҇࿌цћѾџйѝႱഒќтџфџҀ̠ൌఘѤ ૐљࢲ్)ۀᇮఘ*҇ঘಱѠѽѿृѶҀ̠රଅѾѤࡀކ फ६҇෭ьћ҇ѽфඑјћйҀрѾќзҀ̠шѣ ಈलңӞ̷ӊѠകьє̠ѠңӞ̷ӊѤརѠခрҁ̟ ᆰрѾయᇫќтҀѽлѠ̟ѽѿӝҕӞџრचњфѿ҇ 5ఘน๘ѣౡѠ൷ࢲۀпѽѨЋϸс࿌йћར҇ ࢀѶҀшѝѤ̟ڎწѣѠѣഉѹсўлџ юҀ̠!! јћйҀрьфѮџъйѝᅆࢀьћйҀшѝѝ шѣᄼџརဩ҇ಱѫᅬᄢѤ݁ړѣѽлѠಋბќ ຎэќзҀ̠̟҇ᆖфඑҀѰўѠྴॶсษޱ тҀ̠ॶษџჵ൏ќзҀс̟ᇖᆜ൷ѣ݂࣎ѝค ѠџҀ̠ᆖйრच҇ҀшѝѤവொ҇ѽфᅬݷюҀऌ ॳѠѽѿ৾ڞсຝѹюф̟ѳє̟ђҁѓҁѣಕჸѣࣞ ᇊѠџҀ̠რचѠѽҀѷѣњфѿࢲڲѤӟӌӞѠܥэ йࢲۀңӞ̷ӊѠюҀшѝѠѽјћ̟ࢲࠗۀѣڞપ ћ৫лшѝсୟᅗҀѝйлшѝќзѿ̟৹๘Ѡџҁѥ ෭Ѡᅬсџф̟ڞষѠјєࣅᄵѹયၒఖѷ ࠒੴࠤ҇ྣᅆѝюҀ࡚ୠଅѠѤᆖйऌᇊѠџҀ̠! ॕћѹюйєѶќзҀ̠ީࢲۀѣ়ѴѹॽౖѤ̟རѣ რचѣൊྴษџᆰѝьћඒࢄࡖсзҀ̠ѣള ફຐ҇෭ьћམۮъѐҀшѝѝь̟சᅗѠຠ௲зҀଙ ޘᅆ҇ٷюҀєѶѠൌဦိᅧќзҀс̟ѝრच ѿѴѝьћืюҀຘ҇ગьє̠ຠѠ̟རщѝѠҹ ѝ҇ཿьћڤџҀ฿҇нҀ̠ѣєѶஷᅹѠѽ ̷ӑсृѶѾҁҀѝйлᄢ๘Ѥ̟҇ତྑᆖфۦ Ҁொษྴॶсൌтџᄃ߇҇ݑєьћйҀшѝѠࡃ ۫юҀ྄ैѠѷџјћйҀ̠ѳєڤџҀრचќڤџҀ с࿌ф̠ඒࢄࡖѣއѠѤరсџйс౭௲ќྴॶьћй ࣅѠ්ಘьћйћѷჭྯѤࢣ෭ќბޱѠь̟௰ѝ Ҁ̠ൌтџ๓ધќѷъџࠞھѠѽјћъҁћйҀ̠ ьћളѣഒဗѴсജлߋຍѠьћйҀ̠ჭྯѤӒҾ шҁѾѣொษྴॶѤ̟ഝ҇එѾџйрѾࠋᅹѠь ҴӘҕრचѝьћѣӝҕӝҹҖѠ࠱њфႱഒ൦ќ єѷѣќѤџй̠ђҁѤඒࢄࡖѣࡀ҇нћခрѿ зѿ̟сૐјћйҀࡀѹ߷ѣॶќзҀ̠ ѹюфൊഽྴॶьєєѶќзҀ̠༗ᅵѠѽјћџ ѤఓࣞќѽфခрјћйҀѷѣ҇ಱ҈ќйҀѣќ ъҁҀᄼ̴џী࿎Ѥ̟ೖڞᇕѣॆݑќзҀ̠വொ დйсџф̟ѷѣњфѿѠಕќтҀ̠ѳє̟ફຐю сьфѝѷრचѝьћѣᅵѠѽјћ̟ഉѹ ҀᅶѣࢲનѠѝјћѷࢺႴ҇၏фࠅࢪѠౙнҀш ᆎ҇ဦнћѾџйѝᆖй࿁Ѥќтџй̠ࣟകӊӟ ѝѤ̟ౡѠᆖйફຐ҇યюєѶѣॊќзҀ̠! ̷һџў݈҇ীьћѾҁҀᅀଇѤ̟რचќѤહѣ ! ၒсѿѹюйрѷьҁџй̠ҼҕѣގမࡀѤრच 4/ ჟङѢল!ݐ ќѷୟᅗҀѽлѠюҀрྲྀрѤнџцҁѥџѾџ ѷѣњфѿࢲڲѣलݭඍޏќᆅьє฿Ѥ࡚ऌ й̠࿁҇ஷᅹьћѷӝҕӝҹҖ҇ဲޱюҀૉѤೖ ᇊѠѽҀҬҠӞѣষ҇ჭફюшѝќѤџф̟ള६҇ ќзҀ̠ѠౡѣଙѿѴќѤ̟࿁рѾѣଛ ાьћल҇ݭѳѝѶҀшѝќзҀ̠ђѣᅬᄢѤ̟ݏ ѿџѣќೖڞী࿎ѣᇍഘќзҀ) 2 пѽѨ࿌ᇪ*̠! ࡚ୠ࠱ଃݶѝџјєॶ̟ൌќѫѮтૉဖс ! ࣈѶћതфџјћࠗษѠᄭᄤсџфџјћйҀॶ 5/ ନࣄѢ໌ౕќౕѢްေ! сзҀ̠ࠗ҇рцєѠѽҀҬҠӞষѤ̟ൌ ຎэࣅ҇ේѠ҄єјћયюҀѝ̟ྣяलݭѣ ѠпцҀࢲڲӃӜӦҬрѾຝ੫ќѤџй̠ఊѣऌᇊ ।ෟю࠽сᅗҀ̠ଃݶѣဦ݂̟ࣅ൷ଅѣဦ Ѥ̟ຎэшѝ݄҇๘ѷआѿါьћളѠнਕѳѐџц! ̟߇ѿћࣅࠗిѣဦ݂̟ౡѣૄѹࡃѣ! ! ! 授業の実践から探るものづくり教育の条件 31 ဦ݂џўᄼ̴џᅆہснѾҁҀ̠ᆖйଙѿѴѝь ћౡѠࠊᅬ҇ъѐҀ̠йяҁѷќѤџфრचњ ћѶѾҁћѷۃтഘтયюҀєѶѠѤ̟ჵ൏ѝџ фѿќзҀєѶѠॻ҇ຍрюшѝс݉ќзҀ̠န Ҁࢴ̟҇ᄬѶ༖ᆅьћпфшѝсၱѳьй̠ђшќ̟ 32๘ѣࡀކীݏಈलңӞ̷ӊѣᆰќѤ̟རє ಕჸсڤџјћѷࡀކীѣခჿќзҁѥફຐ݉ ѿѣफྊѤ26111܆ѳќॻѝьєс̟ѣफྊѤ џѽлѠ̟რचњфѿѣҹ̷ӑ҇ࢲۀсಱѮҀѽлѠ 6111̼܆23111܆น๘ќ҈ќйҀ̠! ьє̠რचѣവொѝџҀѷѣѤఓѣݸѿѣѷѣћс ! വொѝџѿлҀѣќҹ̷ӑѠૉूфшѝѤџй̠іџ 6/ ҧҖҬဥ߹ќೕഈౕҖӥҭӥҸҕӈ! ѴѠန 32 ๘ѣଙѿѴќީརсढчєҹ̷ӑѤ̟ қӦҫҾҕӝӦң̡ҺҩҗӦᆜ҇৹ѶҀєѶѣଛඍ ࣮ݍѝݍไ̟ࢄҮҶһ̟ҲӦҬ̟jQpe!obop̟Ҭ̷ ѝьћ̟რचњфѿѣႏ҇нъѐҀєѶѠ̟ ӄ̷ҬӐ̷ҷҞ̷̟ӒҾҡҲ̷̟ൌ݂ਠන̟ҹӟӆ ༗ᅵѣڤџҀრचѭѿဦнҀшѝ҇ુ৫ъѐҀ̠ю ҮҶһ̟वһӜҶҢќзҀ̠йяҁѷჭྯѤӝҕӝҹ џ҄і̟ࠋ൴џ࠱ႏრचњфѿ҇ଛઢѶѠၒၔ҇ Җѣॶќࢣ෭ќзҀ̠ౡѣѷѣњфѿᆜѣڬй ફьћࠋ൴џӒҾҴӘҕრच҇Ҁ̠ђѣঞѠҨҗ ѤѣॶౖѝџјћॶҁҀс̟౦ݦนќѫૉ ҭ҇ဦнћೱџრच҇ѾѐҀ̠шѣѝт сതйѝབඊь̟ࣅѠਮьௐѿѣџй໎ڠ๘҇ಈซ ᅵѤީརќृѶћѷᆖйс̟რचѣၒၔѤફ юҀ̠юџ҄іೖഉী࿎ѣ๗ᆜݦน҇ાьћ࿁ѣ ѐяᄢѠнъѐҀ̠ᅵѠѽјћѤྌѠܣ ઘсѿ҇ྵ݆юҀшѝѤзјћѷ̟҇ૢڞьћ ఇйݢ൏ѠџҀ̠! ৹๘Ѡ߱๘҇ࢀѶҀшѝѤьџй̠!! ᱜᄙ㕙ߠߊࠅ!ࠋ൴џ࠱ႏრचњфѿѣ് ݢڵ൏Ѥචѧщќϫოള҇юҀ̠ઃज҇ϫ რचњфѿѣఊѣࢲનѤђѣѷѣѣഝќз ѿ̟ౡѤҀಷѠ਼ହҗӔ̷ҫ҇ᄵڠѠྸфшѝс љѴз҄ѐћйҀѣќᆔѤ 3 ႏഐѢѠџҀ̠ઃ ୟᅗҀ̠ઙџಋბѹૄᆎ҇൷ࢲۀс୯ྐьћౡ जѤේѣ4ಊӝӦҢџѣќजсڋซьћпѿ౦Ѥ ѠดюҀྣᅆѤџф਼̟Ѡ౦ѣಃј߀ц҇ᄮн ࠋ൴ќзҀ̠Ѡѿၒѣ߸ҁєѝш҂ќ്໐ݢ൏ѝ ҁѥѵ̠шѣшѝѤതၮџඩќѷڵซѣࣅᄵ҇ ьћᆔේ5dnѣ23ოളѠଙѿѳѐҀ̠шҁѤ23ॽ ڦૐќтҀਡќзҀ̠ຠѠ̟ೖഉౖ҇જाюҀઘ߀ ѣ6ज҇ౣ๘ᆖфѾџйѝᆖй23ოളѤୟᅗ цѝьћ̟༗ᅵѣಱൗѠᄢ๘сзѿ̟౦ၒၔ сѾџй̠ѳєේќзјћѷ6ಊӝӦҢџѣќࡀ ѹࡀॶၒၔѣ໎ڠ๘҇ಱൗќтҀѣќ̟ࣅѣӑ जѤซѳѾџй̠ђшќᄬѶહ҇౺ьћ ӦӀӝ݂ѹ݂҇ݸྋќтҀ̠ڵཥѠӝҕӝҹҖѝ јє6जѣѠ̟චѧщ҇ҁћঀซьঋ࿌цю ౦फྊѤһӟ̷Ҽ࠙ओѠзҀс̟फྊॻ҇ફь! Ҁၒၔ҇нъѐє̠шшѠ࣮ѣᅀ҇߷ъѐҀ̠ ঞ໙̟ᄼ̴џრचѠ්ಘюҀѝтѠ̟ҀєѶѣຘ࣮ ҇Ҁѝйлೢс࿙рѫѽлѠџҀ̠ຠѠ̟шҁѤ ৾ຎजѣ࿁̟҇आѿါь൙આҀڵљѣၒၔѝьћ ᄵڠѠᅬݷъҁ္̟࣮ѣᅆౖѠࡃ࿌йћйф̠! ❗ዊࠨࠗ࠭ᱜ㕙 3Ѥ̟࠱୯რच)਼ਭ ൿѤᆔේ5dnќචѧщѝᇭહќ*ѣѿၒ҇ફຐ ь̟ђҁ҇ୟ฿Ѡьћ̟Ҩҗҭ҇ᄢѠѾѐ є࿁ќзҀ̠ᆔේ3dnѣრचѤᆔේϫdnѝຎᄼѠ ѾҁᆔѤ໐ѠџјћйҀс̟චѧщခѤఖࣟѠ̟ ᇭહѣခѤ॓йહѠဦнѾҁћйҀ̠ᆔේ9nnѣ რचѤӈӟ̷ӓӟҬќзҀ̠2ႚѣહѠ6ज҇ྣᅆ џѕцྸйћಇѿࣇчћѾҁћйҀ̠ᆔේ5nnѠџ Ҁѝඩࣲѣ23ოളѤ౦сྌѠ໎ьфџѿ̟მѣଯ ! 2! 2021რचѣҹӟӆ¦ҮҶһ̠! ѿѠ5ػේѣҪӖ̷ӊӍӦҪӞѣఏ҇༖ьћйҀ̠ йяҁѷౡѣೢѠѽјћѾҁєӒҾҴӘҕრ ӉӜҙӦࠊѤಷოᇳѝຆბӈҖӞӓѝވ௲ѣңӜҺҖ̷Ҫ चќзҀ̠ъфџҀѰў౦сਙ໎ѠџҀс̟ᄼ̴ ӚӦ҇рцћھੳьєહѣઃഉѝьћйҀ̠ҹӟӆോѣ џೢќѾҁҀ̠ȼ ཻѤގမь̟ݭო݁ѣഹࡀѝไॴѤMFEс฿юҀ̠! ࡎࡢࠗ࠻ࡕ࠺࡞ 4 ѤำຘଇᆋѣӎӢҗһ! ! ! 大好直，京野成利，高橋護 32 ӕҺӞќзҀ̠ќӝҕӞџრच҇ჭફю̟৾౦ ў)࿌ᇪ*ѝࣅѣफ६҇ଛ߀рѿѠьћଘџѷѣ҇ ѠࠗсррҀѥрѿќџф̟ݸڵќຝќтҀ ݚтѠౙᅬьћѴҀ̠!! ࿁Ѡ൦юҀѣѤѳҁќзҀ̠ђшќ̟ஷᅹ҇එќ ࠗ҇рцџйќҁҀ࿁̟݄҇๘рુьћѴҀ 㪍㪅㪈㩷 䊁䊷䊙ㆬቯ䈱ᩮ䈮䈧䈇䈩㩷 x ఓࣞѠзѿࣳჭѠѝѳјє̠! шѝ҇߬Ѷє̠шҁѠѽѿѣಱซѹ౦ၒၔѣग़ x ਘ̟ఘࡃсзҀ̠! ກсಷѷјћ݉ѝџҀ̠ѴчѣѠᄬೢьຝџ x ॽఘษџ়Ѵсзјє̠! рјєࢴѠѷࡃс࿌ф̠єѝнѥહѠѤหಃџъ x ҁђлѠપјє̠! ҇ಱѥџцҁѥџѾџй̠Ѵч҇ᄵڠѠюҀєѶ x ᆎ҇ిଠဦнћҀшѝсୟᅗҀ̠! ѠᄬѶခ߇ьћпфџўќзҀ̠ౡѤшѣӎӢҗһ x ॶษѠౌ҇ҀшѝсୟᅗҀѣќ̠! ӕҺӞѣુѣᅆౖѠࡃ࿌т̟౦ѣඍଙѿсหಃ x ҬҤ̷Ӟ҇ъфьћѷႏᅗѣࡀ҇ॶюҀ шѝсୟᅗђлѕ̠! џҀ̠ 5 ѣवһӜҶҢѤलݭษѠ 4 ݸѣુ҇आѿ x ౙᅬҲӦҬѣۃтୟь҇࿌цମࡀ҇ॶ̠! ါьћग़ກь̟ஈ̴ѠӝҕӝҹҖষ҇јє࿁ќ x ේၒज࿁ѣѴ৾҄ѐќ̟ಈलဦсᄵ!̠ڠ зҀ̠! x ࿁ѝьћܵѠ௫јћпфѣѠೱܥьй̠! Ѡџјћйф̠ѳєളษѠӃӜӦҬѽйୟᅗѿѠ 7/ ౠѢ၇ਆпѽ! ࠱ႏრचѝଇᆋѣુ҇फ६ьћрѾ̟རщѝ 㪍㪅㪉㩷 ᣇᴺ䈮䈧䈇䈩䈱Ꮏᄦ㩷 x ҮҶһ҇ଛခцьћҀ̠! ѠᄢѠҹ̷ӑ҇ढчћ̟ӝҕӝҹҖ҇ࢢлრचњ x ยѤڵಃછ҄џйќঋ࿌цѝюҀ̠! фѿѠјє̠౦ݦนќౡѤўѣᄼџݢ൏Ѡෟ! x UWӉӜҙӦࠊѣ߷҇4Ѡћྴॶ൦̠! ოьћўѣᄼѠृݷьєр҇щѝѣ߷ೢ၈ਇџ x หಃџહѣъѣಱൗ̠! x ҦҬһѣ༖ခѠ༖ᆅ̠! x ခ൷౦ь਼̟ঞѠૐі࠴јћҮҶһѝюҀ̠! x ႏ༻ѣძჭھੳҾҬ่࿒̟ѣྴॶ̠! x ძჭ࣮ݍѠюҀєѶહѠӊӝӦҲ̷ќھੳ̠! x ӝҕӞѠҷӗ҇ୟюєѶҢӝҕ̡ҾҬ่҇࿒̠! x ౿ޓಧไ҇౿௲রҳҗҝ̷Ҽќრ࡛̠! x ҕӞӒ༮ѹҠҶҴӦ̡ӜҶӊ҇јћࣟകর൙̠! x ҬҗҶҴӏҲӦѣᅯѠҬӊӝӦңь߷௳ރ ಸ̠! Ɏȼ ҨҗҭѠѽѿѿѣڤџҀୌ໐ოള̠㩷 x ӗҬӝ߀цьћྴოౙ̠! ਭѽѿᆔѣේъс 51 ̟ػ31 ̟ػ9 ̟ػ5 ػќ̟ђҁѓҁ x ҞӜ̷Ҭӊӟ̷ќ௲њцюҀ̠! චѧщӈӟ̷ӓѠᇭહ̟ఖࣟӈӟ̷ӓ̟હ҇ࣇчєӈӟ x ಃѿཌྷйєહѹҮӠӈҔӦ҇ѿრᄼ࿌цюҀ̠! ̷ӓӟҬ̟ђьћმѣଯѿѠҪӖ̷ӊӍӦҪӞѣఏќѾ x ! ᄄ403༗ਠනຖള҇ძ౦ѝьѿѕьюҀ̠! ȼ ҁћйҀ̠! ! 㩷 ࿑ บゞߩߥ⹜ߩࡎࡢࠗ࠻ࡕ࠺࡞ゞਔ㧚 ৻᳇䈮ቢᚑ䉕⋡ᜰ䈜䈱䈪䈲䈭䈒䋬⋭⇛䉕ᛚ⍮䈪ᐲ䉅⹜䉕 ➅䉍䈜䈖䈫䈮䉋䉍䋬䊋䊤䊮䉴䈱⦟䈇ᮨဳ䈏ቢᚑ䈜䉎䋮㩷 㩷 ɐȼ ɍɋɏɒ ѣवһӜҶҢრच̠ȼ ȼ 授業の実践から探るものづくり教育の条件 33 x ҨӦҳ̷ӌӞһ҇છᅀьћྴოजౙ̠! ბᆓќзѿ̟࠱ႏѝџҀრच҇юѕцќѵ୍̠ј x ч̟ફсҀѽлѠ࿁҇ခ߇̠! ћћѣౡсຎэᅬݷѣ̟݁ຎэҬҲ̷һӜҗӦѠ x ҞӉһӓҪѣѷ݉ຍѠюҀਠනრचњфѿ̠! ᅶљшѝсୟᅗҀ̠шҁѤౡѣڞᅎৎᄷѠѷљџс 㪍㪅㪊㩷 ቇ↢䈱᳇ઃ䈐䈮䈧䈇䈩㩷 x ଛѿ࿁ќൌဦѕсఊѣѷѣњфѿѠџјє̠ ᅶ୯ྐъҁєધཧѣҠҶһќѤफ६ќтџй̠! ѿ̟҇ݑ৹ѶҀ̠! x џҀѣќ࠷๘ѷหಃџಱൗ҇нџцҁѥџѾџй̠ ᄬѶ่Ѵ҇༖ᆅьџйѝ̟ъҁєრचќ Ѥࡀॶсୟᅗџй)ҲӦҬѣۃтୟь*̠! ⢻ജߦᔕߓߚ⸃╷ࠍᒁ߈ߔដ߇ࠆ Ҩҗҭсڤџҁѥ̟છᅀюҀ̟ী࣮̟ଛ୶ѷڤ шѣ๘џҀಱൗѣࡀݶѠୟݶлшѝѤ̟ীс x ൊѝѝѷѠဦಲюҀඩќໍѠവܥюҀєѶѣೖഉ ҨҗҭсڤџҀѕцќࣅ҇।ෟъџцҁѥџ Ѿџй̠фంьйѷѣ҇Ҁѣѝຎѝ߷эє̠! ษૄ҇ڲюҀઘ߀цѠџҀ୍̠ᅗѣ๋ฐ๘Ѡѽ x ಷѣ࿁џѣќ̟ѣഉѹѴз҄ѐၒѳќ ධ࠙ڞсষйє̠! Ҁเษџ͑ѷѣњфѿ͒ࢲڲѠѤ।Ѿҁџйા฿ќ x હѹહѣಱൗсઘсѿ҇ਭۍюҀ̠! ҀшѝрѾ̟ೱঘѠᄔᇁ҇ཿюҀࡀݶѷຝѾҁҀ̠ x ซѣౌၔќҀєѶѠ݈ীൊ҇༖ᆅюѮт̠!! ѳє̟ӝҕӝҹҖѣ൦ӟӌӞѤ҇ўҁѕцᅬݷ x ಅඨѤหಃџછᅀᆙсзҀ̠! ьћйҀрѠږഝьћпѿ̟࡚ୠଅѣࠒੴࠤѣऌᇊѠ x ࣇოѣॶќѤࣩᇖюҀ̠હޓړѷग़ກюѮт̠! џҀ̠! x x 4ଠѣᆎќ౦ཿюҁѥಱൗږഝ๘сൌтй̠ ! Ᏹߦᣂ㞲ߥ࠹ࡑߩ⸳ቯ߇ߢ߈ࠆ ӒҾҴӘҕრचњфѿѤ̟ђѣതᄼౖрѾᄢ๘с ࣅѣඍଙѿѹࠗ༖ခсൌಃќзҀ̠! x ޫൌьєєѶਠනѣѠ࠙сౡѳҁє̠! зѿ̟ᄼ̴џҹ̷ӑсಈซќтҀ̠ࢴѠ৾҄ѐћ x फྊѣᇳсફซъҁҦҬһૢڞсౡѳҁє̠! ࠗѹफྊѣಇѿ৾йѹ̟౦ݢ൏ѣ໎ڠ๘҇ী࿎юҀ зҀ̠ѳє̟ౡѣृݷၒၔѤफ६Ѡܥэћതᄼќз 㪍㪅㪋㩷 ቇ↢䈱ᗵᗐ䈮䈧䈇䈩㩷 x ࣅсюѮћହ҄јєс්̟ಘьєй̠! шѝсୟᅗҀ̠ѳєҹ̷ӑ҇ໍѠဦнҀшѝѠѽѿ x ѷѣњфѿѤೢ҇ᇊҀࠗѷьй̠! ќᅆџ฿Ѥ̟ೱঘѠજाь৾јћࢍݦѠള६ьєඑ x लౖݭѹඍଙѿѤൌಃѕ̠! ૢѹၒၔѣඩрѾᆭౖѣзҀള६Ѡࡃ࿌т̟ђҁс x ႏѠࣞњцҀী࿎Ѥьй̠! зєрѷంьйೢѣᄼѠज҇ဦнћॶъҁҀઘ x ᄬ࠽ьєړѠൌဦѕјє̠! ѴсзҀѣќ̟რचњфѿѣതᄼౖрѾంьйඑञ x ರьћѶћ໎ьйѝခрҀ̠! сౡѳҁҀౖ݉сзҀ̠!! x ѷѣњфѿ҇ഘцєй̠རѣݷઉѤગѕ̠! x ҇ᆖфᅬݷьџйѝ̟ѷѣѤҁџй̠! ړѣѽлѠ̟ള६ાѣࣅѣѷѝ̟ခѣڞ ӚӦᆜ̟ӊӟүӦҹ̷ҪӚӦᆜ̟ࢥౖ̟ଘౖ̟ӝ ќী࿎сѐҁѥൌтџѨѝџѿ௹ѝџҀ̠ьє ћѤതфѣರࢲڲѠओ҄Ҁ၈ਇќࡣᇫъҁћйҀ сјћ̟ъџ૫༏҇आѿါюшѝѷᄬၼษџკౖ۽ ѝш҂џѣќႏ၈ਇќѤ௳ҁџй̠! ӑӦӀӝҭӓ҇ݸྋюҀшѝсୟᅗҀ̠ೖഉౖѣڲ ਼ঞѠ̟ѷѣњфѿࢲڲѠпйћ̟ҦӒӘҾҤ̷Ҫ ̷ҳ̷ҪҶӊџўѣᝫᅋѷᅆќзҀ̠шҁѾѠљй ҇৹ѶҀшѝѠљџсҀ̠໎ڠ๘҇ౙьћౡѣী ႏ၈Ѥန 32 ๘ݏय़ࢅྊ္ࣟ)࠱य़ࢅϹ*ѣબ ࿎҇ۃтୟюઘ߀цсзҁѥ්̟ಘڞᅎ҇ഊюшѝѷ \ݢ൏৽ 31411359^ѠѽҀѷѣќ̟රଅѣണѠຎय़ࢅࢲݏ ୟᅗҀ̠! ۀѣใඩᐻ̟ઃۡࡶ̟ܣઆ۰ପ̟ഡܱߵ࿎̟ਭࣞ൘ඎѣခ ! ൷ࢥᆜ҇ෛйє̠ѳєࣅರѠпйћѤఋ൮ଳݏේѝ 8/ ॅ! ॸ! ൮ટಕ্ේѣ༖ᆅ҇ෛйє̠шѣѽлџࢲڲय़ࢅѣݑѤఓ ೖഉౖ҇ڲѵࣅѤ̟ౡѣ࡚ୠࢲڲѣєѶѠৄф ࣞџѝш҂рѾರюѮтќзҀѝйлнၒрѾႏঢ়҇ ࢣ෭ѣݢ൏ѝџјћйҀ̠ђѣѽлџࢴѠࠖѴћೖ ьєєѶє̠!! ഉౖࢲڲѣѣষ҇ჭફь̟͑ѷѣњфѿ͒Ѡओ҄ Ҁࣅ҇ࠬݭರь̟ђѣफ६Ѡ࠱њйћн҇ୡѮ ෳ⠨ᢥ₂ )2* ඩڲࢲܢࡣݶఈ̟ͅန3123ॉ35໙̟͆ડݢ є̠ѳѝѶҀѝ݁ړѣѽлѠџҀ̠!! ᬺ⋡⊛߇ಽ߆ࠅ߿ߔ ౦юҀсೱџӒҾҴӘҕრचѭѣဦߺќз นࢲڲѠষцћ/! iuuq;00xxx/nfyu/hp/kq0! )3* ဍݏஷࢥᆜଅࡣݶ၈ਇ̟)န337ॉ4໙*-!ൌ Ѡ п ц Ҁ ರ ษ џ ࡚ ୠ ࢲ ڲѣ з ѿ ၒ -! 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ӒҾҴӘҕრच҇љйѠ߱ъѐє̠౦ьєრचͅ ߷ᆙќьє̠ҡҲ̷ѤпђѾфўѣ࿁ѽѿѷӄ̷ҷсത ࢄോ͆сӝҕӞѠࣞњцєѝપл̠шѣࣅѤѝћѷო༭й йѣќ͑ࢬ๘͒с༖ъҁѳьєс͑݀͒сვҀඍޏѳќй ѝપл̠ࡀކীѣౡџѣќ̟шѣࣅсџцҁѥ̟ӒҾ цєшѝѤႰќю̠ྴѤ͑ൾࠗќ҄рѿѹюйྴ͒ ҴӘҕ҇౦юҀᄭᄤѤџйѤяќзҀ̠шѣࣅѤசᅗќ ҇ҹ̷ӑѠьѳьє̠৫тјєীน̟౦ݦน҇เн ѤᄃѠᅶљѝપл̠џёрѝйлѝқӦҫҾҕѝьћѤೖഉ єрјєѣќ̟૽ఊ҇ўѣརѽѿѷછᅀьєྴѠџѿ͑ॽ ᆜ̟େඩсྣᅆѕѝપл̠)ࢄҮҶһ*! ౖษ͒Ѡџјєѝપйѳьє̠चѠѤѳјєૉ҇ьџфћѷ ͺ! ̟ไଇ҇౦юҀѤ̟ҺҖҹҗӞ҇нୟьєѾ ྵ݆ъҁҀшѝс҄рѿѳьє̠)ӒҾҡҲ̷*! тѿсџйѝપјє̠ђьћ҇ڏୟьћॶъѐҀӊӠҮҬ ͺ! ࣅсઢѳјєѤ̟ӒҾҴӘҕ҇ҁҀрўлр࿋ Ѡѝћѷѹѿсй҇߷эє̠ਓޭѤචѧщќ৫лѝ̟ഥъѣ ڋќзјє̠ьрь̟ୌ໐ოളѹไଇ҇ҀѝйлҬҹҶ लсࠆрјєшѝ҇෬߷ьє̠ڵၒќೲѠѤзҀڵซќѤ ӊ҇ຄ҈ѕшѝѠѽјћ̟ўѣѽлѠьћ࿁҇౦юҁѥ зҀсшѕ҄ѿ̟PIQҪ̷һѣછᅀслѳфйјє̠ไଇ҇ ѽйрѝйлшѝс༴ѝьћйєҗӔ̷ҫрѾბޱџѷ љфѿହ҄ѿ̟ѠүӠрѾѷѣ҇љфҀшѝѝџѿ̟ଛ୶! ѣѭѝဦ҄јєѽлѠપнҀ̠ѠӒҾҴӘҕ҇јћй! ! ! ҬӐ̷ҷҞ̷*! 授業の実践から探るものづくり教育の条件 35 є̟ષѤઢѶહ๙҇ᅧᅀьћ࿁҇҂лѝьєс̟ࢬ Ѡڥѿѹюрјєѝнѳю̠ѳє̟ളษџҬҤҫӘ̷ ๘сഒѿя༆ഠьћьѳјє̠ђшќ̟હ๙ѽѿѷࢬ๘с Ӟ҇ѷјѝბޱѠьћѰьрјєќю̠݄͑໙ѳќѠ݄҇ѹ зѿ̟рљ݈ীౖѣᆖйᆎѤџйрѝ൸ьєѝш҂̟ძ Ҁѣр͒ѝйлшѝсခ҇ࠟѶ̟ണѣརѣఘєіѷьјр ќҁѥᆖйѣќѤџйрѝйлнѠ৫тљт̟ძќ ѿѝ҄рјћйџрјєѣќ̟౦ҬҤҫӘ̷ӞсᅶћњѾ ࿁҇౦ьє̠ьрь̟ђҁќѷࠋ൴Ѡಇҁћьѳл࿁с рјєќю̠ѷјѝᆖй࿁҇љфҀєѶѠѤшҁѾѣૉс зјєѣќ̟ђшѤқӐҠҪӄҹ҇ᅧᅀьћ౦҇৫јє̠ ྣᅆѝнѳю̠ਘݸѣࣅ҇෭ьћ̟єѫ҈ѹјћйџй ਘݸષєіѣརѤਠන҇ҹ̷ӑѠ࿁҇љфѿ̟ђѣඩќષ რचњфѿѠпйћ̟ೢрѾಈलђьћ౦ѝڵᇍѣᅻҁ Ѥ໙ႏѣҞӉһӓҪ҇౦ьє̠ਘѳќධڞьћҞӉһӓҪ ҇फ६юҀшѝсќтєѣќ̟шҁрѾ҈ѕшѝ҇ਘঞѠ ҇।єшѝсџф̟ਘݸѣӒҾҴӘҕњфѿќҞӉһӓҪѣ ߋрьћйтєйѝપйѳю̠)Ҭ̷ӄ̷ҬӐ̷ҷҞ̷*! ૄᆎ҇।ћйфліѠഒѣ࿌тၒѹѣౡнၒџўҞӉһ ͺ! шѣ৭ࡠќѤѷѣњфѿѣьъѝ໎ьъ҇ѫшѝ ӓҪѣളѣഉ҇එҀќӒҾҴӘҕ҇౦юҀшѝѤѝ сќтє̠ѳє̟ӝҕӝҹҖ҇෪ࡹюҀѣѤйрѠൌဦрѷ ћѷൌಃѕѝ߷эє̠ӒҾҴӘҕѣ౦Ѡзєѿ݄๘ѷᆎ ߷ьє̠ѷѣњфѿ҇ьћйфќ̟ᆎဦѤྣᅆ࿋݉ ҇ဦнћ̟ਘݸљфјєҞӉһӓҪсୟᅗсјє਼̠ڵ ूќ̟ჵ൏сљтҀшѝѤрјє̠ьрь̟ђѣခହ҄ј ѣೢѕцќлѳф࿁сљфҁҀшѝѷзҀѝપлс̟ єѝтѣ൦߷ѷюѥѾьрјє̠ခєіѣңӞ̷ӊѤђ ݄ݸѷુ৫੭দьћ࿁҇љфјћйфшѝѠڞႴсзҀ ҁѓҁс҇৫јєѣќᄃ߇ѣൌтъѠӓӜѤџрјє шѝ҇ਘݸѣࣅ҇෭ьћ߷ڵэєшѝѕјє̠)ਠන*! с̟зѳѿେѳҀшѝсџфңӞ̷ӊѝьћѴ҈џќљфј ͺ! шѣ৭ࡠ҇෭ьћѷѣ҇љфҀшѝѣьѴ҇߷эҀ єѝйлѣѤџрјєєѶ̟ѷьࡀݶсзҁѥңӞ̷ӊќڵ шѝсќтє̠ѳє̟ਘݸѤӒҾҴӘҕѝйлшѝќѰ҈ѣ љѣѷѣ҇љфҀшѝѷьћѴєйѝપјє̠)UWҮҶһ*! ྒџদਮќѷ̟ӒҾҴӘҕ҇љфҀќѤющйൌтџদ ͺ! ਘݸѣ৭ࡠѤ̟რचњфѿѝйлшѝќѶћଙѿ҈ ਮсќћтћьѳл̠џѣќ̟шҁрѾѷѣ҇љфҀѤ̟ ѕૉќзјє̠ୌ໐ოളѣ౦ѹไଇѣრचџў਼̟Ѥ ђлйлшѝѠධڞьћѹҁҁѥᆖйѝપјє̠ਘݸѤརѣ ўѣѽлѠљфҀрѝйлૉѷ҄рѾџрјєс̟౦юҀ ఘєіѕцќџф̟Ѱрѣརѣఘєіѣљфјєѷѣѹ̟љ шѝќᆎѹী࣮ѣછйၒ҇нҀшѝсќтє̠Ҵ̷ӓќ фҀݦน҇।Ҁшѝсќт̟ђ҈џљфѿၒѷзҀ҈ѕѝй ౦юҀѝйлшѝѕјєѣќ̟ўлџҀѣр࿋ڋѕјєс̟ лంьйнၒ҇එҀшѝсќтєѝપл̠ਘݸѣ৭ࡠќ ണѣఘѣнၒѹᄼ̴џѷѣѣљфѿၒ҇ѫшѝсќт ҈ѕ࡚ୠѹнၒ҇шҁрѾѠߋрьћйцєѾѝપл̠ є̠ષєіѣརќѤ̟࣮ݍѣ౦҇ьє̠ъџѷѣ҇љф )ݍ¦࣮ݍไ*! ҀѝйлૉѤ̟໎ьфѷзҀс̟ႏѠࣞњцҀшѝсќт ͺ! шѣࣅ҇෭ьћ̟ѷѣњфѿѣьъ҇߷юҀшѝ Ҁѝьйѝપјє̠Ҵ̷ӓඇॆс਼ᄔଷோ҇ѝҁєѣѤ̟ сќтє̠ခєіќ݄҇љфҀрѝйлѝш҂рѾҬҲ̷ Ѵ҈џѣᆜсзјєрѾѕѝપл̠ਘݸफ६ьєૉѤ̟ᆖй һьћ̟ўѣѽлџী࿎҇шѾьћӝҕӝҹҖ҇෪ࡹь̟ॶ шѝѕјєѣрџѝપл̠)ݍ¦࣮ݍไ*! ѭѝࣞњцћйфшѝѠѝћѷࣩᇖьє̠Ѵ҈џќҕҗҺ ͺ! шҁѳќѣࣅќ҈ѕшѝѠљйћнћѴє̠ڵљ Җҕ҇ୟь৾йџсѾљфјћйт̟ђҁсजѝџјћќт Ѥ̟ڵљѣѷѣ҇љфҀќѣુ৫੭দѣൌಃъќзҀ̠ў зсјћ̟ѝћѷлҁьф߷эҀшѝсќтє̠ѳєષєі лѹјєѾлѳфљфҁҀрнћ̟Ѡ৫ьєѾ૫༏ ѣརѤ̟ڵఘڵఘс࿁҇൷ь̟ڵљѣѷѣ҇љфѿзч ьћьѳјєшѝсзјє̠ьрь݄ѷняѠљф҂лѝ Ҁѝйлѹѿၒќзјє̠џѣќ̟ڵఘڵఘсခѣઘૉѠ ьє૫༏ќѤџф̟ಷষтџڞႴќѣ૫༏Ѥ̟ခѣफ६ඐ ౾ໟ҇ѷјћѹҀૉсќтєѝйлૉѷᆖйफ६Ѡџјє̠ Ѡџѿᆖйѷѣ҇љфҀќྣᅆџѷѣѕѝйлшѝс҄ ѳєќтҀѝપјћйћѷљфјћйфඍޏќ̟ќтџйѕ рјє̠ѷлڵљѤണѣఘѝѣࢣຎࣅ҇юҀќѣҦӒӘ ҂лѝйлဦ฿џўѷୟћтєѿьє̠џѣќ̟љфҀѳ ҾҤ̷ҪӚӦѣൌಃъќзҀ̠རۀќഒဗѴ҇ђ҂нџй ќѠнҀඍޏѣࣅѷᅆѕѝ߷эє̠)ҲӦҬ*! ѝҗӔ̷ҫ෭ѿџѷѣѤќтзсѾџй̠ђѣєѶѠѤьј ͺ! ઠოള̟ୌ໐ოള҇љфҀѝш҂рѾ̟ำຘѣრच̟ рѿҦӒӘҾҤ̷ҪӚӦ҇ѝҀྣᅆсзҀѝપл̠ષѣརѤ ҝӝҫҽӞѣრचѭѝҬҹҶӊҕҶӊьћйјєਘݸѣ ᅾౡс໐ఘйє̠ခѣ໙ႏথѤіѸ҈ѝเ҄јћйҀѣ ࣅѤ̟რचњфѿѠ߸ҁћйџйခєісђҁѾ҇ѫѣ рйљѷ࿋ڋѕјє̠ષѤརۀѠӔ̷Ӟ҇ьћେѳ҂лѝ ѠѤᆖрјєѝપйѳю̠ьрь̟რचњфѿଅќзҀ ҇рцҀᄃ߇ѕјєѣќ̟Ӕ̷ӞѣબௐѠѷࡃ҇࿌цє̠ шѝѠѤဦ҄ѿџйѣќ̟ҝӝҫҽӞѣრच҇љфјћйҀ шѣѽлѠҦӒӘҾҤ̷ҪӚӦѤਘঞઘૉѠфлнќѷ ఘѷйҀѽлџѣќ̟ђѣѽлџརѝѣਮ҇ъфюҀєѶ ྣᅆџҬҠӞќзҀѝપл̠шѣफ६҇ߋрѐєѾѝપл̠ Ѡѷ̟࠱ೊษџඑૢѹ࡚ୠ҇ѫࠗсзҁѥ̟ђѣঞѣ౦! )ࢄҮҶһ*! ! ! 36 大好直，京野成利，高橋護 ͺ! ਘݸѣࣅќષєіѣңӞ̷ӊѤӜӦӏӞҡ̷Ҿ̡Ҟҙ ͺ! ݄ѷџйѝш҂рѾო҇ྸйћၒၔ҇ခќ ӦҲҶҢ2035ѝйлଇѣӕҺӞ҇౦ьє̠ಷݸไଇ҇౦ нџсѾ̟ѷѣњфѿ҇ьєѣсѶћѕјєєѶ̟ႛݸй ьєс̟ѷлӢӦҬҹҶӊຄѴਕ҈ѕ࿁҇љф҂лѝપй̟ ҂й҂џ।сзѿьрјє̠љфјєѷѣѤृьћѰѶ ခєіќѷٷьѹюйଇ҇ಱ҈ѕ̠ҹ̷ӑѤ͑ܵѠ௫ ѾҁҀѷѣќѤџрјєс̟ѷѣњфѿѣьъѣంьйო јћптєйრच͒ќзҀ̠ңӞ̷ӊઠఘќڵљѣѷѣ҇љ ҇।Ҁшѝсќтє̠єѕڵљ̟ѷјѝңӞ̷ӊќࢥᆜьћ фҀѝйлшѝѠьєѣќ̟ڵఘڵఘљфҀӄ̷ҷ҇ृѶћ љфјћйцѥᆖрјєѝપлс̟ॆݑѳѝѳјє࿁сќ ౦ьћйјє̠ခс൷ьєѣѤଇѣӌ̷Ҭ͆ͅќ тєѣќᆖрјє̠)UW*! зҀ̠ѝѤ̟ଇѣѣடрѾသ̟Ҫ̷һ҇ф̟ ͺ! ៤᠈რचѠпцҀ࡚ୠษ߷ೢѤ൏ୟьє၈ਇ҇અவ Ӕ̷Ҳ̟ӂӦҼӞ̟ҕҢҮӞ̟Ӊӟ̷ҠџўќзҀ̠࠱ႏษ ьћෛфѝьћ̟ႏဍќѤ਼ହݢ൏Ѡљйћѣ߷ѝࣅ ѠѤҤӦһહќљфѿ̟டѤзҀน๘ъѠശнѾҁҀѽл ћ҇෭ьћ߷эєшѝࡃ࿌йєшѝ҇йћйшлѝપл̠ ѠӊӜҬҴҶҢќ̟ђѣѠଇѣடѣ࿒߷҇ୟюєѶѠ̟ӑ ਼ହݢ൏Ѡљйћ̢͑ໟڞѣრच݂͒ѝьћୟъҁєݢ൏ ҫҶҢҹ̷ӊ҇છјє̠ьрь̟டѤӊӜҬҴҶҢќҀѝ Ѡവьћ̟ҹ̷ӑ҇ृѶҀѠརේќзҀષѤ̟ѽѿᆖй йлшѝѕјєс̟ҤӦһહќѷୌခѠ࿎ѕјєєѶ̟ђ ᅵќརۀѠᄭलџ൷џфшҁ҇ҢӝҕюҀѠѤўлюҁ ѣѳѳҤӦһહќ౦ьє̠ࣩᇖьєѤ໐љзѿ̟ڵљѤ ѥᆖйрнє̠ॆ̟ݑઠఘќڵљѣѷѣ҇љфҀѽѿ̟ઠ ӏҺҖѣҨҗҭѝѣҨҗҭ҇йрѠ৾҄ѐҀрѕјє̠ ఘђҁѓҁсڵяљລᅶьєѷѣ҇љфѿ̟ђҁ҇ڵљѠѳ ݃ѣӏҺҖ҇౦ьћ̟ђҁ҇ѷѝѠѣౌၔ҇ѿ̟Ҥ ѝѶҀшѝѠѽѿڵ࿁ѝюҀнѠ৫тљйє̠ઠఘќڵ Ӧһહќ౦ьћйфѝйлၒၔ҇ѝјєсީ̴ќӄ̷ҷ љѣѷѣ҇େඩьћ౦ьє̟৾རۀຎડѣຎ࡚ڵୠᆜѝ ҇౦ьћйєєѶ̟݃ౌၔѝ߱ঞѣౌၔѠ҄ярџদਮ ৹йᇍणౖсᅆࢀъҁ̟རۀѠррҀ൷Ѥၷൌџѷѣѝџ сౡѳҁћьѳјє̠ѳє̟ҲҗӗѠєѾџйѽлѠ Ҁ̠ьрь̟ڵఘڵљѣລᅶьєѷѣ҇љфҀџѾѥ̟౦ ҇љфҀшѝѷࣩᇖьє̠໐љჭѤ̟рйӔ̷Ҳ̟Ӊӟ̷ ඩѠ݄рჵ൏сࡎтћѷ̟ђѣ౦ଅсюхѠവܥќтҀ̠ Ҡџўѣ౦ќзҀ̠шҁѠѤқӐҠҪӄҹ҇છᅀьє̠ѝ ષѤ̟ђѣခѠධჭь̟ঞଅѣၒၔ҇ಱൗьє̠ѳє̟ڵ ћѷрф̟ѥјєѷѣѹߍѾрџѷѣѳќᄼ̴ѕјєѣ ఘڵఘсລᅶ౦ьћѷӂ̷ҼӞс৹фџфߑљ̟ӃӜӃӜ ќ̟݄ݸѷआѿါь౦ь̟ࠗ҇ྊѹьє̠ਘݸѣ౦ၒ ѣѷѣ҇ѳѝѶєѠҹ̷ӑౖсќҀѷѣѝьћ̟རۀѣ ၔѰѝ҈ўᄬซ෭ѿѠќтє̠ҹ̷ӑѣ͑ܵѠ௫јћпт ܵѠзҀݍ̡࣮ݍไ҇ᅀьє̠шѣҹ̷ӑѠѤ̟ӃӜӃӜ єйრच͒ѠџјєѣќѤџйрѝપл̠ьрь̟ڵљѣѷ ѣѷѣͅར͆ۀсڵљѠџҀͅҴ̷ӓќзҀඇॆ҇ྴю͆ ѣ҇Ѵ҈џќљфҀѠѤ̟ѷлஜьࠗсзјєѰлсᆖр ѝйлڞႴсзѿ̟ષѤшѣҹ̷ӑ҇ࡃѠјћйҀ̠౦ јєѣќѤџйрѝપл̠ީ̴ѣࠗѤзјћѷେѳҁџй Ѥᄬซ෭ѿҬӓ̷ҭѠ৫҄ҁ̟ષѤརේѝьћ̟၈ѣߊ ѝўльѽѷџй̠ީ̴ڵљڵљѣ࿁҇љфѿ̟ђҁѾ҇ ࡹѨફ࠹Ѡటᆜьє̠ૉѠ࿁с߱ьєਘ̟ષѝࢣѠ౦ ৾҄ѐћڵљѣҹ̷ӑѝюҁѥѽѿᆖй࿁сୟᅗсј ѠࢥᆜьћфҁєརۀєіѠఇф߷ଆьћйҀ̠ࣅћ єѣќѤџйрѝપл̠ਘݸѣࣅќѤьй͑ѷѣњфѿ͒ ෭ьћ̢ౡѣᅶрѾગѿஜџйҬӍ̷Ҭѝџѿѳьєс̟ сќтѳьє̠зѿсѝлщыйѳю̠)Ҭ̷ӄ̷ҬӐ̷ҷ ڞ।҇ୡѮъѐћйєѕф̠ࣅѣҬҤҫӘ̷ӞѠљйћ̟ Ҟ̷*! ਼ѠไଇѣҠҶһѣ౦҇ь̟ગѿѣћ਼҇ହݢ൏ ͺ! ڵрѾခєіќѷѣњфѿ҇юҀૉѤьрјє̠ш ќзҀໟڞѣრच݂ѠьєѰлсᆖйѝપл̠ષєіс਼ ҁќར҇ݷઉюҀѝйлѣѤગѕ̠݈ীѠী࣮҇ൄьћ Ѡયьєതजѣ౦҇༌લь̟ҠҶһѣ౦ѣඩќ фҁєय़ࢅ૭ѝ࿚Ѡ߷ଆьєй̠ခڵఘќѤญᅬќ ಷୡѣҬҠӞ҇ްຝќтҀлѽлѠюҁѥ਼̟ହݢ൏Ѡവь зјєѕ҂лѝપл̠ར҇҈ќ৫лѠзєѿ̟ခѠѤџ ћതфѣࠗ҇ဲޱюҀшѝсќтҀѝપл̠ͅॶќў҈ йҕҗҺҖҕ҇ୟьћѷѾй̟ࡴѠခѠьррјєҕҗ ў҈ᄬซсआѿсјћ਼̟ହݢ൏౦Ѡފсൌဦђлѕ ҺҖҕ҇ୟьєѿѝйлফᅻѤѝћѷᄜࡠڞќзјє̠ਘݸ јє͆ѳѕѳѕઢѳјєѥрѿѣࣅџѣќ̟ђлйјє฿ љфјєѷѣѤзфѳќ͑ુ͒Ѡьєй̠шҁќѷѣњф ѣރಸ̟ࡘьфпࠫйьѳю̠0Q/T/ષѤ౷рѾӊӜӕҺӞ ѿ̟ຠѠਘݸѐјрфљфјєѷѣ҇шҁќпьѳйѠюҀ ҇љфҀѣс়тѕјєѣќшѣࣅѤѝћѷьрј ѣѤྌѠѷјєйџй̠ѳєзѣӔӦӃ̷ќ݄рљфѿє єќю̠зѿсѝлщыйѳьє̠)ݍ¦࣮ݍไ*! йќю̠)ਠන*! ! 秋田大学大学院工学資源学研究科研究報告，第31号，2010年10月 37 ⺰ ᢥ ർ㒽ޯർᣣᧄߦಽᏓߔࠆ ਛᣂ⛔⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹ጀᐨ 㧖㧖 ⮮ᤨᐘ ፒ ᅏጊ⾆↵㧖㧖㧖㧖ජઍᑧବ㧖㧖㧖㧖㧖 㧖㧖㧖 Calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy of the Miocene formations distributed in the Hokuriku to northern Japan Tokiyuki Sato㧖㧖, Yutaka Kanzaki㧖㧖㧖, Takao Okuyama㧖㧖㧖㧖, and Shun Chiyonobu㧖㧖㧖㧖㧖 Abstract We describe in detail the calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy of the Miocene formations distributed in Hokuriku to northern Japan. Helicosphgaera ampliaperta which indicates NN4 zone in early Miocene, is found in the Turikake, Tanosawa, Sunakobuchi, Kurosedani, Higashi-Innai and Kokozura Formations. The boundary between NN4/NN5 Zone is also traceable to the lower part of the Higashibessho and in the Sunakobuchi Formations. Although the Formations correlated to NN4 Zone are widely found in the Japan Sea side area, Sphenolithus belemnos, early Miocene marker species of NN3, is not found in these area. This indicates that the oldest marine sediments found in the Japan Sea side area are correlated to the interval between 14.91Ma and 17.71Ma. 㧚 ߪߓߦ ᣣᧄᶏၞߦಽᏓߔࠆᣂ╙ਃ♽ᶏᚑጀߩ⾰ ᐕઍߪ㧘⍹ᴤၸⓍ⋆ߩᒻᚑㆊ⒟ࠍ⸃ߔࠆߢ߽ ᭂߡ㊀ⷐߥ㗴ߢࠆ㧚․ߦ㧘ᣣᧄᶏߩᒻᚑߣ㑐 ㅪߒߚᦨ߽ฎᶏᚑጀߩᐕઍߦ㑐ߒߡߪ㧘ᷓᶏជ ⸘↹㧔1EGCP&TKNNKPI2TQITCO㧕ߦࠃࠆ⺞ᩏ߽ ᢙᄙߊߩ⺞ᩏߣ⼏⺰߇ߥߐࠇߡ᧪ߚ㧚 ߎߩࠃ߁ߥਛ㧘⍹ᴤត㋶ߩ⺞ᩏㅴዷߣ߽⋧߹ߞ ߡᓸൻ⍹ߩ⺞ᩏ⎇ⓥ߇㘧べ⊛ߦㅴዷߒ㧘ᣣᧄᶏ ၞߦಽᏓߔࠆᣂ╙ਃ♽ᶏᚑጀߩ⚦ߥ⾰ᐕઍ߇ ࠄ߆ߦߥࠅߟߟࠆ㧚ᧄ⎇ⓥߢߪ㧘ᣣᧄᶏၞ ߦಽᏓߔࠆᦨਅㇱᶏᚑጀߩᐕઍࠍ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ ⍹߆ࠄᬌ⸛ࠍⴕߞߚ߽ߩߢ㧘ߎࠇ߹ߢ⼏⺰ߐࠇߡ᧪ ߚᣣᧄᶏߩᒻᚑᤨᦼߣ㑐ㅪߔࠆᭂߡ㊀ⷐߥ⚿ᨐ ߇ᓧࠄࠇߚ㧚ᧄ⺰ߢߪ㧘ᣣᧄᶏၞࠍਛᔃߦ㧘ർ 㒽ޯ᧲ർᣣᧄၞߩਅㇱ̅ਛㇱਛᣂ⛔⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁ ൻ⍹⺞ᩏ⚿ᨐߩ⚦ࠍㅀߴ㧘ᓸൻ⍹ᐕઍጀᐨߦၮߠ ߊฦጀ⟲ߩ⾰ᐕઍߣኻᲧߦߟߡႎ๔ߔࠆ㧚 㧚⺞ᩏၞߩጀᐨߣ⹜ᢱ ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹⺞ᩏ⹜ᢱߪ㧘ᣣᧄᶏၞࠍਛ ᔃߦർᶏᅏዥፉ㧘㕍⋵ᷓᶆ㧘⑺↰Ꮢ᧲ㇱߩ ̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅ 㧖㧖 ⑺↰ᄢቇᄢቇ㒮Ꮏቇ⾗Ḯቇ⎇ⓥ⑼⾗Ḯቇኾ +PUVKVWVG QH #RRNKGF 'CTVJ 5EKGPEGU (CEWNV[ QH 'PIKPGGTKPICPF4GUQWTEG5EKGPEG#MKVC7PKXGTUKV[ 㧖㧖㧖 ਛᄩ㐿⊒ᩣᑼળ␠㧘%JWQ-CKJCVUW%QTRQTCVKQP 㧖㧖㧖㧖 ࠛࠛࠬⅣႺᩣᑼળ␠㧘05'PXKTQPOGPVCN5EKGPEG %QPUWNVCPV%QTRQTCVKQP 㧖㧖㧖㧖㧖 ᧲ർᄢቇᄢቇ㒮ℂቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㧘+PUVKVWVGQH)GQNQI[ CPF 2CNGQPVQNQI[ )TCFWCVG 5EJQQN QH 5EKGPEG 6QJQMW7PKXGTUKV[ ࿑ ⺞ᩏၞ߅ࠃ߮ᧄ⺰ߣߩ㑐ㅪၞ㧚 38 佐藤時幸，神崎裕，奥山貴男，千代延俊 ⍾ሶᷨၞ㧘ንጊ⋵የၞ㧘⢻⊓ඨፉ⃨ᵮၞ㧘 ߅ࠃ߮ᄥᐔᵗ㧘⨙ၔ⋵ർㇱߩᄢᵤၞߢណขߒߚ 㧔࿑ 㧕㧚 ർᶏᅏዥፉ ᅏዥፉߪࠊࠁࠆᣣᧄᶏࠣࡦ࠲ࡈၞߦ ߹ࠇ㧘ᣂ╙ਃ♽ߪਅࠃࠅ㕍⧣Ꮉጀ⟲㧘㊒ ጀ㧘ජ ⇥ጀࠃࠅߥࠆ㧔⒌ࠄ㧘 㧕㧚㕍⧣Ꮉጀ⟲ߪ࠺ࠗ ࠨࠗ࠻⾰߅ࠃ߮ጊጤ⾰ߩἫ⎈ጤ߿ṁጤࠃࠅߥࠅ㧘 ৻ㇱጀࠍ㒽ᚑጀߢࠆ㧚㊒ ጀߪ㕍⧣Ꮉጀ ⟲ࠍਇᢛวߢⷒ߁㧚ਅㇱߪ⍾ጤࠃࠅߥࠆ߇㧘ㇱߪ ർㇱߢ₵ᱞጤἫ⎈ጤ㧘ධㇱߢエ⾰ߥᵆጤࠃࠅߥࠆ㧚 ජ⇥ጀߪ⃯⾰ߥᵆጤࠃࠅߥࠅ㧘ਅߩ㊒ ጀࠍᢛว㧘 ৻ㇱਇᢛวߢⷒ߁㧚 ⹜ᢱߪᅏዥፉධㇱ㧘㕍⧣ߩ㕍⧣Ꮉᵹၞߩ㊒ ጀ߆ࠄ ⹜ᢱࠍណขߒߚ㧔࿑ 㧕㧚 ࿑ ᅏዥፉ㕍⧣ߢߩ⹜ᢱណข⟎㧔࿖ℂ㒮⊒ⴕ ᒻ࿑ޟ㕍⧣↪ޠ㧕㧚 㧚㕍⋵ᷓᶆၞ ᷓᶆၞߩᣂ╙ਃ♽ߪ㧘ਅࠃࠅᄢᚭἑጀ㧘↰㊁ ᴛጀ㧘ᄢ┬ሶጀ߆ࠄߥࠆ㧔⋓⼱㧘 㧧ዊ═ේ㧘 ߥߤ㧕㧚ᧄ⎇ⓥߢኻ⽎ߣߒߚߩߪ↰㊁ᴛጀߢ㧘 ਅߩᄢᚭἑጀࠍਇᢛวߢⷒ߁㧚↰㊁ᴛጀߩጤ⋧ߪ㧘 ᦨਅㇱ߇⚦☸߆ࠄᭂ☻☸ߢᶿ᳸ߩᖡ⍹Ἧ⾰⍾ጤ ߆ࠄߥࠅ㧘ᒙጀℂࠍ␜ߔ㧚ᶏጯᴪߩ৻ㇱጀḰߢ ߪᄢဳሹ⯻ߩ 1RGTEWNKPC ߇ኒ㓸ߒߡ↥ߔࠆ㧚ߘ ߩߪ႙⁁ߥࠪ࡞࠻ጤߢ㧘ዊဳ߆ࠄ⋥ᓘ EO ߦ߽ ㆐ߔࠆᄢဳߩ߽ߩ߹ߢ᭽∥↢ߥޘൻ⍹߇ᄙᢙ ࠄࠇࠆ㧚ㇱߪጊጤ⾰ಝἯጤ㧘ᦨㇱ߇⍾⾰ᵆጤ ࠃࠅߥࠅ㧘ᦨㇱߪ㘑ൻ߇⪺ߒ㧚 ᧄ⎇ⓥߢߪ⽴⦟ᧁ߆ࠄ↰㊁ᴛߦ⥋ࠆᶏጯ࡞࠻ߢ ᦨਅㇱߩ⍹Ἧ⾰⍾ጤ߅ࠃ߮ߘߩߩ႙⁁ࠪ࡞࠻ ጤਅㇱ߆ࠄ ⹜ᢱណขߒߚ㧚ߒ߆ߒ㧘ߘߩጀḰ ࿑ ᷓᶆၞߦ߅ߌࠆ⹜ᢱណขὐ㧔࿖ℂ㒮⊒ⴕ ᒻ࿑↰ޟ㊁ᴛޠ㧘ޟർ㊄ࡩᴛ↪ޠ㧕㧕㧚 ߢߪ㘑ൻߩᓇ㗀߇ᒝߊᣂ㞲ߥ⹜ᢱߩណข߇ߢ߈ߥ ߆ߞߚ㧔࿑ 㧕㧚 ⑺↰Ꮢ⍾ሶᷨၞ ⑺↰Ꮢ᧲ᣇߢᄥᐔጊධ✼ߦ⟎ߔࠆ㡻㙃ޯ⍾ሶᷨ ၞߪ㧘ࠊࠁࠆࠣࡦ࠲ࡈၞߣߒߡฎߊ߆ࠄ ᵈ⋡ߐࠇ㧘ᄙߊߩ⎇ⓥ߇߅ߎߥࠊࠇߡ߈ߚ㧔㧘 㧧ᄢᴛࠄ㧘 ߥߤ㧕㧚ᧄ⎇ⓥߢߪᄢᴛࠄ 㧔㧕 ߩጀᐨಽߦᓥ㧘⑺↰Ꮢ᧲ㇱጤਃౝ ᧲ᣇߢ⍾ሶᷨၞߩਃౝᎹߦᵹࠇㄟᨑᴛߣ㧘㡻㙃 ၞߩᄢᎹᵹၞߢ⍾ሶᷨጀࠍኻ⽎ߦ⺞ᩏߣ⹜ᢱ ߩណขࠍⴕߞߚ㧔࿑ 㧕㧚৻⥸ߦ⍾ሶᷨጀߪ₵ᱞጤ ṁጤߥߒ₵ᱞጤ⾰Ἣ⎈ጤࠍਥߣߒߡࠆ߇㧘⺞ᩏ ၞ⍾ሶᷨߩᨑᴛߢߪ㧘シ⍹⾰ಝἯጤ߅ࠃ߮ಝἯ⾰ ␕ጤࠍਥߦ⍾⾰ࠪ࡞࠻ጤޯࠪ࡞࠻⾰⍾ጤࠍᄙᢙ ߔࠆ㧚߹ߚ⽴ൻ⍹ ߇ᄙߊ㧘߆ߟ㧘ᣇ⚦☸ൻࠍ 㗫❥ߦ➅ࠅߔ߶߆㧘࠶ࡊࠕ࠶ࡊࠢࠬ࠻ࠍᄙᢙ ߦ㧚࠶ࡊࠕ࠶ࡊࠢࠬ࠻ߩᦨᄢߩ߽ߩߪ O એߦ߽㆐ߔࠆߥߤ㧘࠲ࡆ࠳ࠗ࠻ၸⓍ‛ߣߒߡߩ ․ᓽࠍߔࠆ㧚⍾ሶᷨၞߢߪ㧘⍾⾰ࠪ࡞࠻ጤߥ ߒࠪ࡞࠻⾰⍾ጤ㧘߅ࠃ߮⽴ൻ⍹ ࠍ␕⍾ጤߥ ߤ߆ࠄ ⹜ᢱࠍណขߒߚ㧚 ৻ᣇ㧘㡻㙃ၞߪ㧘ᢿጀ㑐ଥߢធߔࠆ₵ᱞጤ⾰Ἣ ጊ␕ಝἯጤߩߦ㡻㙃ᵆጤㇱጀߦኻᲧߐࠇࠆ⍹ Ἧ⾰ߥ⎬⾰ᵆጤ߇ಽᏓߔࠆ㧚ᵆጤㇱጀߪጀℂࠍ๒ߔ ࠆ߇㧘⍾ሶᷨጀࠃࠅߩ⃯⾰⎬⾰ᵆጤࠃࠅߥࠆᅚ Ꮉጀ߶ߤߩ㗼⪺ߥጀℂߪߒߥ㧚߹ߚ㧘ᅚᎹጀߩ නጀߩෘߐ߇ EO એਅࠍਥߣߔࠆߩߦኻߒ㧘㡻 㙃ᵆጤㇱጀߩනጀߩෘߐߪ EO એߢ㧘ߩᅚ Ꮉጀߣኈᤃߦߢ߈ࠆ㧚ᄢᎹᴪߦಽᏓߔࠆ㡻 㙃ᵆጤㇱጀߪ႙⁁ߢ㧘ਅㇱߢ⭯ಝἯጤࠍߔࠆ㧚 ㇱߢߪ㧘႙⁁ᵆጤߣ⚦☸ಝἯጤߣߩጀߣߥࠅ㧘 ಝἯጤߩෘߐߪෘߣߎࠈߢߪ O એߦ߽㆐ߔࠆ㧚 ߎߩࠃ߁ߥጀ⋧ߪ㧘ᓟㅀߩᧄၞߩධᣇߢᄢᏒ ධㇱㄝߦಽᏓߔࠆᄢጀߩጤ⋧ߦᭂߡ㘃ૃߔ 北陸∼北日本に分布する中新統石灰質ナンノ化石層序 ࠆ㧚⹜ᢱߪ㧘⍹Ἧ⾰⎬⾰ᵆጤࠍኻ⽎ߦว⸘ ⹜ᢱ ࠍណขߒߚ㧔࿑ 㧕㧚 ࿑ ⍾ሶᷨၞߩ⹜ᢱណขὐ㧔࿖ℂ㒮⊒ⴕ ᒻ࿑ޟᄥᐔጊ↪ޠ㧕㧚 ർ㒽የၞ 39 ንጊ⋵⎘ᵄᏒߦಽᏓߔࠆᣂ╙ਃ♽ߦߪ 8KECT[C ߥߤߩᾲᏪᕈ⽴ൻ⍹߇߹ࠇࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘ฎߊ߆ ࠄฎ↢‛ጀᐨቇ⊛⎇ⓥ߇ߥߐࠇߡ߈ߚ㧔ᵤ↰㧘 ߥߤ㧕㧚ᧄ⺞ᩏߢߪ㧘ዊ═ේࠄ㧔㧕 ߩ ጀᐨಽߦᓥ㧘㤥ἑ⼱ጀ߆ࠄ᧲ᚲጀࠍኻ⽎ߦ⺞ ᩏߣ⹜ᢱߩណขࠍⴕߞߚ㧔࿑ 㧕㧚 㤥ἑ⼱ጀߪਅㇱ߆ࠄਛㇱ߇⍾ጤߣᵆጤߩጀ߆ࠄ ߥࠅ㧘ㇱߪシ⍹⾰ಝἯጤߢᵆጤࠍߔࠆ㧚ㇱ ߩಝἯጤጀߪጊ↰ਛಝἯጤㇱጀߣߒߡਥㇱߩ⍾ ጤᵆጤ⋧ߣߐࠇߡࠆ㧚᧲ᚲጀߪ㤥ἑ⼱ ጀࠍᢛวߢⷒ㧘ਅࠃࠅጀℂ߇㗼⪺ߥ⎬⾰ᵆጤࠃ ࠅߥࠆᩔᵆጤㇱጀ㧘႙⁁⚦☸⍾ጤࠃࠅߥࠆႮ⼱⍾ ጤㇱጀ㧘႙⁁ࠪ࡞࠻ጤࠃࠅߥࠆᵻ⼱ࠪ࡞࠻ጤㇱጀ㧘 ߅ࠃ߮ਃ⼱ᵆጤㇱጀߢ᭴ᚑߐࠇ㧘ਛᣂ⛔ᄤ⁑ጊጀߦ ࠃߞߡਇᢛวߢⷒࠊࠇࠆ㧚 ⺞ᩏ⹜ᢱߪ⎘ᵄᏒ᧲ᚲၞ↰Ꮉ࡞࠻ߩ᧲ ᚲጀ߆ࠄ ⹜ᢱ㧘⼱ౝᎹ࡞࠻ߩ㤥ἑ⼱ጀ߆ࠄ ⹜ᢱណขߒߚ㧔࿑ 㧕㧚 ⢻⊓ඨፉ⃨ᵮၞ ᧄၞߦߪᴺኹ⃯⮺ᵆጤߣ߫ࠇࠆ⃯⮺߇․ ᓽ⊛ߦಽᏓߔࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘⃯⾰ᓸൻ⍹߿⍹Ἧ⾰ᓸൻ ⍹߆ࠄߘߩ⾰ጀᐨቇ⊛⎇ⓥ߇♖ജ⊛ߦⴕࠊࠇߡ ᧪ߡࠆ㧚ਛߢ߽㜞ጊ㧔㧕 ߩ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ ⍹⺞ᩏ⚿ᨐߪ㧘ᧄ㇌ߦਅㇱਛᣂ⛔߇ಽᏓߔࠆน⢻ᕈ ࠍᦨೋߦ␜ໂߒߚ⾆㊀ߥ⺰ᢥߣߥߞߡࠆ㧚ጀᐨߪ㧘 ⦁ጊ㧔㧕 ߦᓥߞߡ㧘㡻㘺ᣇߩ㠽ደየߢ⺞ᩏ ߣ⹜ᢱណขⴕߞߚ㧔࿑ 㧕㧚 ᧄၞߦߪ᧲ශౝጀߣ☿ୖጀ߇ᢛว㑐ଥߢಽᏓߔ ࠆ㧚᧲ශౝጀߪ⮮የ⍾ጤㇱጀ㧘ᴺኹ⃯⮺⾰ᵆጤㇱ ጀ㧘⿒ᵆጤㇱጀࠃࠅߥࠆ㧚⺞ᩏߩኻ⽎ߣߒߚߩߪ ߎߩ߁ߜᴺኹ⃯⮺⾰ᵆጤㇱጀߢ㧘エ⾰ߩ႙⁁ήጀ ℂߥᵆጤࠃࠅߥࠆ㧚⃯⮺⾰ߢᶏ✎㛽㊎ࠍᄙߊߺ㧘 ⍹Ἧ⾰߅ࠃ⃯߮⾰ᓸൻ⍹߇ᄙ↥ߔࠆ㧚⺞ᩏ⹜ᢱߪ㠽 ደየߢ ⹜ᢱណขߒߚ㧔࿑ 㧕㧚 ࿑ ⃨ᵮၞߩ⹜ᢱណขὐ㧔࿖ℂ㒮⊒ⴕ ᒻ࿑᧻ޟᵄ↪ޠ㧕㧚 ࿑ የၞߩ⹜ᢱណขὐ㧔࿖ℂ㒮⊒ⴕ ᒻ࿑ޟችᣂ↪ޠ㧕㧚 ⨙ၔ⋵ᄢᵤၞ ⨙ၔ⋵߆ࠄፉ⋵ߩᶏጯၞߢߪ㧘Ᏹ⏥↰߿Ᏹ ⏥ᴒࠟࠬ↰ߥߤߩΆᢱ⾗Ḯߩ⺞ᩏߣ⋧߹ߞߡฎߊ ߆ࠄጀᐨቇ⊛ᬌ⸛߇ⴕࠊࠇߡ᧪ߚ㧔㗇⽴᧻㧘 40 佐藤時幸，神崎裕，奥山貴男，千代延俊 ߥߤ㧕㧚ㄭᐕ㧘ᩉᴛ㧔㧕 ߪ㧘ᄢᵤ ၞߩḡ㐳⼱ጀ⟲߆ࠄᄙ⾐ጀ⟲߹ߢࠍ⚦ߦ⺞ᩏߒ㧘 ᄙ⾐ጀ⟲ߦኻᲧߐࠇࠆߣߐࠇߡ߈ߚ㕙ጀ߇㜞ਭ ጀ⟲ߦኻᲧߐࠇࠆࠍࠄ߆ߦߒߡࠆ㧚 ᧄ⎇ⓥߢߪ㧘ᩉᴛ㧔㧕ߩጀᐨಽߦᓥ㧘⨙ ၔ⋵ർㇱߩᶆᶏጯߦಽᏓߔࠆ㕙ጀߢ⺞ᩏߣ⹜ ᢱߩណขࠍⴕߞߚ㧔࿑ 㧕㧚 㕙ጀߪ㧘ਥߦシ⍹ࠍ⍹Ἧ⾰⚦☸ޯ☻☸⍾ጤ㧘 ߅ࠃ߮ᵆ⾰⍾ጤࠃࠅߥࠆ㧚↢‛ᡓੂࠍᒝߊฃߌᶿ᳸ ߪᖡ㧚ᧄὐߦߪ㕙ጀࠍਇᢛวߢⷒ߁ᐔẟጀ㧘 ߅ࠃ߮ᐔẟጀࠍਇᢛวߢⷒ߁ᄢᵤጀ߇ಽᏓߔࠆ㧚⺞ ᩏ⹜ᢱߪ㧘㕙ጀࠍኻ⽎ߦ ⹜ᢱណขߒߚ㧔࿑ 㧕㧚 ࿑ ᄢᵤၞߩ⹜ᢱណขὐ㧔࿖ℂ㒮⊒ⴕ ᒻ࿑ޟᄢᵤ↪ޠ㧕㧚 ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹ጀᐨߣ⾰ᐕઍ ⺞ᩏᣇᴺ ⹜ᢱߪᣂ㞲ㇱࠍขࠅߒ㧘ࠬࡒࠕࠬࠗ࠼ᴺߢ ࡊࡄ࠻ࠍᚑߒߚ㧚ߔߥࠊߜ㧘ᜰవᄢߩ⹜ᢱ ࠍߩ߁㋬ߦࠇ☳ᧃࠍᚑߔࠆ㧚ࠞࡃࠣࠬ ߦ☳ᧃࠍ⟎߈㧘᳓ࠍ৻ṢṢਅߔࠆ㧚Ὺᬢᨑߢᐢߊᑧ ߫ߒࡎ࠶࠻ࡊ࠻ߢੇ῎ߐߖశ⎬ൻߢኽߔ ࠆ㧚ߚߛߒ㧘⍾ጤߩ႐วߪᴉ㒠ᴺߢಣℂߒߚ㧚ᣇᴺ ߪห᭽ߦߩ߁㋬ߢ⚦߆ߊ⎈ߚᓟ㧘ዊဳࡆࠞ ߦࠇ᳓ࠍട߃ࠆ㧚ࠬ࠻ࡠߢᠣᜈߒߚᓟ ⑽ ߶ߤ⟎㧘ࠬ࠻ࡠߢẴߺࠍๆߍࠞࡃࠣ ࠬߦᐢߊṢਅߔࠆ㧚͠ߩૐ᷷ߢੇ῎ߐߖߚᓟ㧘శ ⎬ൻߢኽߒ㧘ࡊࡄ࠻ࠍቢᚑߐߖࠆ㧚 ⷰኤߦߪశⵝ⟎ࠍ߃ߚࠝࡦࡄࠬ↢‛㗼ᓸ ㏜ $: ࠍ↪㧘 ߢ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹⒳ߩ㐓 ቯࠍⴕߞߚ㧚⺞ᩏߢߪ㧘ቯ㊂⸃ᨆࠍⴕࠊߕ㧘ࡊࡄ ࠻ౝࠍ⺞ᩏߒߡ↥ߒߚ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹⒳ ࠍ⸥タߒߚ㧚 㐓ቯ⚿ᨐ ᅏዥፉ̅㊒ ጀ ⺞ᩏߒߚ ⹜ᢱߔߴߡ߆ࠄ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹߇↥ ߒߚ㧚↥ߒߚ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹ߪ ዻ ⒳㧔UR ࠍ㧕ߢࠆ 㧚ో⊛ߦሽ⁁ᘒ߇⦟ߊ㧘 ↥ᢙ߽ᄙ㧚ਛߢ߽ዊဳߩ 4GVKEWNQHGPGUVTC URR߅ࠃ߮ %QEEQNKVJWURGNCIKEWU ߇ᄙߊ㧘ਔ⒳ߢ 㧝 ㊒ ጀ߆ࠄ↥ߒߚ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹㧚 ోߩ 㧑એࠍභࠆ㧚⾰ᐕઍቯߦ㊀ⷐߥ⒳ ࠍߡߺࠆߣ㧘ฎ╙ਃ♿߆ࠄ೨ᦼਛᣂߦᄙ &KUEQCUVGTFGHNCPFTGK ߇↥ߔࠆ߶߆㧘ߘߩ↥ 㒢߇ਛᦼਛᣂߩ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹Ꮺ 0000 Ⴚ⇇ ࠍቯ⟵ߔࠆ 5RJGPQNKVJWUJGVGTQOQTRJWU ߇ ⹜ᢱ ߣ߽ߦ↥ߒߚ㧚߹ߚ㧘ߘߩ⛘Ṍ߇ 0000 Ⴚ⇇ࠍ ቯ⟵ߔࠆ *GNKEQURJCGTCCORNKCRGTVC ߪ ⹜ᢱ ߕࠇ߆ࠄ߽↥ߒߚ㧚ߎࠇࠄߩߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘࿁ߩ⺞ ᩏጀḰߪ㑆㆑ߥߊ೨ᦼਛᣂᧃߩ 00 ᏪߦኻᲧߐ ࠇࠆ㧚 ᷓᶆၞ̅↰㊁ᴛጀ ↰㊁ᴛጀᦨㇱߩ႙⁁ࠪ࡞࠻ጤ߆ࠄߪ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦ ࡁൻ⍹߇↥ߒߥ߆ߞߚ߽ߩߩ㧘࿑ ߦ␜ߒߚ↰㊁ ᴛጀਅㇱ߆ࠄㇱߩ ⹜ᢱߔߴߡ߆ࠄሽ⁁ᘒߩ⦟ ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹߇⼾ንߦ↥ߒߚ㧔࿑ 㧕㧚 ోߣߒߡߩࠣࡦࡦ࠼ㄝᶏၞߦᄙ↥ ߔࠆౖဳ⊛ߥኙᵹ♽⒳ %QEEQNKVJWURGNCIKEWU ߇⟲ 㓸ߩ 㧑એࠍභࠆᦨఝභ⒳ߣߥߞߡࠆ㧚৻ᣇ㧘 ㄭᐕ㧘ᶏᵗߩᚑጀ᭴ㅧࠍ␜ໂߔࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆࠃ߁ ߦߥߞߚ㧔⮮ජઍᑧ㧘 㧕&KUEQKCUVGT ዻ ߽ㅪ⛯ߢ↥ߒ㧘․ߦਅㇱਛᣂ⛔એਅߢᄙ &KUEQCUVGTFGHNCPPFTGK ߇Ყセ⊛⼾ንߦ↥ߔࠆ㧚 ⾰ᐕઍቯߦ㊀ⷐߥ⒳ࠍߡߺࠆߣ㧘ߘߩ↥ 㒢߇ਛᦼਛᣂߩ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹Ꮺ 0000 Ⴚ⇇ ߦࠆ %[ENKECTIQNKVJWUHNQTKFCPWU ߇ోጀḰࠍㅢ ߓߡ↥ߒߚ߶߆㧘ห᭽ߦߘߩ↥㒢߇ 0000 Ⴚ⇇ࠍቯ⟵ߔࠆ 5RJGPQNKVJWUJGVGTQOQTRJWU ߽ߔ ߴߡߩ⹜ᢱ߆ࠄ↥ߒߚ㧚↥ߒߚਛߢ․ߦ㊀ⷐߥ ⒳ߣߒߡ㧘ߘߩ⛘Ṍ߇೨ᦼਛᣂᧃߩ 0000 Ⴚ⇇ ࠍቯ⟵ߔࠆ *GNKEQURJCGTCCORNKCRGTVC ߪห᭽ߦߔ 北陸∼北日本に分布する中新統石灰質ナンノ化石層序 41 ࿑ ↰㊁ᴛጀ߆ࠄ↥ߒߚ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹⟲㓸㧚 ߴߡߩ⹜ᢱ߆ࠄ↥ߔࠆ㧚ߎࠇࠄߩ⒳ߩ↥ߪ㧘↰ ㊁ᴛጀ߇೨ᦼਛᣂᧃߩ 00 Ꮺߦ㑆㆑ߥߊኻᲧߐ ࠇࠆࠍ␜ໂߒߡࠆ㧚 ߥ߅㧘↰㊁ᴛጀਅㇱߩ⹜ᢱ ߦฎ╙ਃ♿߆ࠄਛ ᣂ߹ߢ↢ᕷߒߚ /KETCPVJQNKVJWURKPIWKU ߇ᢙ ↥ߒߚ㧚ߎߩ⒳ߪਛᣂߢ߽߆ߦႎ๔߇ࠆ ߽ߩߩ㧘৻⥸ߦߪฎ╙ਃ♿ߦᄙߊߩႎ๔߇ࠆ⒳ߢ ࠅ㧘ᵈ⋡ߐࠇࠆ㧚 ⍾ሶᷨၞ̅⍾ሶᷨጀ ⍾ሶᷨ࡞࠻㧘߅ࠃ߮㡻㙃࡞࠻ߩ⍾ሶᷨጀߕ ࠇ߆ࠄ߽⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹߇↥ߒߚ㧚㡻㙃ᨑᴛ࡞ ࠻ߢߪ㧘⹜ᢱߦࠃߞߡߪ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹↥ ߇ዋߥ߽ߩߩ㧘⍹Ἧ⾰⍾ጤ߿ࠪ࡞࠻ጤ߆ࠄߪ ሽ⁁ᘒߩ⦟Ყセ⊛ᄙߊߩ߇ࠄࠇߚ㧔࿑ 㧕㧚 ోࠍㅢߒߡኙᵹ♽⒳ߩ %QEEQNKVJWURGNCIKEWU ߅ ࠃ߮ዊဳߩ 4GVKEWNQHGPGUVTCURR߇ᦨ߽ᄙߊ㧘߆ ߟ 㧘 ߶ ߷ ㅪ ⛯ ߢ ↥ ߒ ߚ ઁ 㧘 5RJGPQNKVJWU ዻ ߿ *GNKEQURJCGTC ዻ߽ᄙߊࠄࠇߚ㧚⾰ᐕઍቯ ߦ㊀ⷐߥ⒳ࠍߡߺࠆߣ㧘ฎ╙ਃ♿߆ࠄ೨ᦼਛᣂ ߦᄙ &KUEQCUVGTFGHNCPFTGK ߇↥ߔࠆ߶߆㧘ߘߩ ↥㒢߇ਛᦼਛᣂߩ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹Ꮺ 00 00 Ⴚ⇇ࠍቯ⟵ߔࠆ 5RJGPQNKVJWUJGVGTQOQTRJWU ߇⹜ᢱ 7[ ߆ࠄ ߹ߢߔߴߡߢ↥ߒߚ㧚߹ߚ㧘 ߘߩ⛘Ṍ߇ 0000 Ⴚ⇇ࠍቯ⟵ߔࠆ *GNKEQURJCGTC CORNKCRGTVC ߪ 7[ ߆ࠄ 7[ ߩ⹜ᢱ߆ࠄ↥ߒߚ㧚 ߎࠇࠄߩ⚿ᨐ㧘ᧄ࡞࠻ߢߪᦨㇱߩ 7[ ࠍ㒰 ߚ⍾ሶᷨጀ߇೨ᦼਛᣂߩ 00 ᏪߦኻᲧߐࠇࠆࠍ ␜ໂߒߡࠆ㧚ᦨߩ⹜ᢱ 7[ ߪ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁ ൻ⍹ߩ↥߇ዋߥߚ㧘⏕ߥ⾰ᐕઍࠍ ቯߢ߈ߥ߇㧘5RJGPQNKVJWUJGVGTQOQTRJWU ߇↥ߔ ࠆ߆ࠄ㧘00 Ꮺ߆ 00 Ꮺߩߕࠇ߆ߦኻᲧߐࠇࠆ ߎߣߪ㑆㆑ߥ㧚 ࿑ ⍾ሶᷨၞߩ⍾ሶᷨጀ߆ࠄ↥ߒߚ ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹㧚 ࿑ 㡻㙃ၞ⍾ሶᷨጀ㡻㙃ᵆጤㇱጀ߆ࠄ↥ߒߚ⍹ Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹⟲㓸㧚 42 佐藤時幸，神崎裕，奥山貴男，千代延俊 ৻ᣇ㧘㡻㙃࡞࠻ߩ⍾ሶᷨጀ㡻㙃ᵆጤㇱጀߢߪ㧘 ৻ㇱ⹜ᢱࠍߩߙ߈㧘Ყセ⊛ᄙߊߩ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹ ߇↥ߒߚ㧔࿑ 㧕㧚ሽ⁁ᘒߪ⧯ᐓᖡ߽ߩߩ㧘 ਅㇱ㧘߅ࠃ߮ㇱߩ⹜ᢱߩᢙ⹜ᢱߢߪሽ⁁ᘒߩ⦟ ߇ࠄࠇߚ㧚ో⊛ߦዊဳߩ 4GVKEWNQHGPGUVTCURR߇ᦨ߽ᄙ↥ߒ㧘ᰴߢኙᵹ ♽⒳ߩ %QEEQNKVJWURGNCIKEWU ߇ᄙ㧚߹ߚ㧘ㇱ ߢߪᲧセ⊛ᄢဳߩ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹⒳ߢࠆ 4GVKEWNQHGPGUVTCRUGWFQWODKNKEWU ߇ᄙߊߥࠆ ะߦࠆ㧚⾰ᐕઍߩቯߦ㊀ⷐߥ⒳ࠍߡߺࠆߣ㧘 ↥㒢߇ਛᦼਛᣂߩ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹Ꮺ 00 00 Ⴚ⇇ࠍቯ⟵ߔࠆ 5RJGPQNKVJWUJGVGTQOQTRJWU ߇ᦨਅㇱߩ⹜ᢱ 7[ ߆ࠄ 7[ ߹ߢ߶߷ㅪ⛯ߦ↥ ߔࠆ߇㧘ߘࠇࠃࠅߦߪࠄࠇߥ㧚ߘߩ↥ 㒢߇ਛᦼਛᣂߩ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹Ꮺ 0000 Ⴚ ⇇ߦࠆ %[ENKECTIQNKVJWUHNQTKFCPWU ߪ߶߷ㅪ⛯ ߢᦨㇱߩ⹜ᢱ߹ߢ↥ߔࠆ㧚ߎߩ⚿ᨐ㧘㡻㙃࡞ ࠻ߩ⍾ሶᷨጀ㡻㙃ᵆጤㇱጀߪਛᦼਛᣂೋߩ 00 ߆ࠄ 00 ᏪߦኻᲧߐࠇ㧘0000 Ⴚ⇇ߪᵆጤߣಝἯ ጤߩጀ⋧ࠃࠅਅߦ⟎ߔࠆ㧚 ർ㒽የၞ̅㤥ἑ⼱ጀ㧘᧲ᚲጀ ᧲ᚲጀߢណขߒߚߕࠇߩ⹜ᢱ߆ࠄ߽ᄙߊߩ ሽ⁁ᘒߩ⦟⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹߇↥ߒߚ㧔࿑ 㧕㧚 ઁၞߣห᭽㧘ᦨ߽ᄙ↥ߔࠆߩߪዊဳߩ 4GVKEWNQHGPGUVTCURRߣߩࠣࡦࡦ࠼ᶏ ၞߥߤߦᄙ %QEEQNKVJWURGNCIKEWU ߢࠆ㧚ߘߩ ߶ ߆ ᷷ ᥦ ߥ Ⅳ Ⴚ ࠍ ␜ ໂ ߔ ࠆ 5RJGPQNKVJWU ዻ ߿ &KUEQCUVGT ዻ㧘%[ENKECTIQNKVJWUHNQTKFCPWU ߥߤ ߽ᄙ㧚⾰ᐕઍቯߦ㊀ⷐߥ⒳ࠍߡߺࠆߣ㧘ߘ ߩ↥㒢߇ਛᦼਛᣂߩ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹Ꮺ 0000 Ⴚ⇇ߦࠆ %[ENKECTIQNKVJWUHNQTKFCPWU ߇ోጀḰࠍㅢߓߡ↥ߒߚ㧚ห᭽ߦ㧘ߘߩ↥㒢 ߇ 0000 Ⴚ⇇ࠍቯ⟵ߔࠆ 5JGVGTQOQTRJWU ߽ߔߴ ߡߩ⹜ᢱߢࠄࠇࠆ㧚৻ᣇ㧘↥ߒߚਛߢ․ߦ㊀ ⷐߥ⒳ߢࠅ㧘ߘߩ⛘Ṍ߇ 0000 Ⴚ⇇ࠍቯ⟵ߔࠆ ࿑ የၞ᧲ᚲጀߩ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹ጀᐨ㧚 *GNKEQURJCGTCCORNKCRGTVC ߪਅ߆ࠄㅪ⛯ߢ↥ ߔࠆ߽ߩߩ㧘᧲ᚲጀਛㇱߩ⹜ᢱ ߩ㑆ࠍႺ ߦߘࠇࠃࠅߢߪోߊࠄࠇߥ㧚ߎࠇࠄߩ⒳ ߩ↥ߪ㧘ᧄ࡞࠻ߩ᧲ᚲጀਅㇱ߇೨ᦼਛᣂߩ 00 Ꮺ㧘ߘࠇࠃࠅ߇ਛᦼਛᣂ 00 Ꮺߢ㧘⹜ᢱ ߩ㑆ߦ 0000 Ⴚ⇇߇⟎ߔࠆߎߣࠍ␜ໂ ߔࠆ㧚৻ᣇ㧘᧲ᚲጀࠃࠅਅߩ㤥ἑ⼱ጀߦߟߡ ߪ㧘 ⹜ᢱߢࠆ߇⼱ౝᎹ࡞࠻ߢណขߒߚ⹜ᢱࠍ ⺞ᩏߒߚ㧚ߘߩ⚿ᨐ㧘 ߦ␜ߒߚ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ ⍹߇ࠄࠇߚ㧚ߔߥࠊߜ㧘᧲ᚲጀਅㇱߣห᭽ߦ㧘 % HNQTKFCPWU 5 JGVGTQOQTRJWU ߣ ߣ ߽ ߦ * CORNKCRGTVC ߇․ᓽ⊛ߦ↥ߒ㧘㤥ἑ⼱ጀ߽᧲ᚲጀ ਅㇱߣห᭽ߦ೨ᦼਛᣂ 00 ᏪߦኻᲧߐࠇࠆࠍ␜ ߒߡࠆ የၞ㤥ἑ⼱ጀ߆ࠄ↥ߒߚ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹㧚 ⃨ᵮၞ̅ᴺኹ⃯⮺ᵆጤ ᴺኹ⃯⮺ᵆጤ߆ࠄ↥ߒߚ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹㧚 北陸∼北日本に分布する中新統石灰質ナンノ化石層序 ណขߒߚ ⹜ᢱߕࠇ߆ࠄ߽ሽ⁁ᘒߩ⦟⍹Ἧ ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹߇ᄙ↥ߒߚ㧔 㧕㧚ᄙ↥ߒߚߩߪዊ ဳ ߩ 4GVKEWNQHGPGUVTC URR ߅ ࠃ ߮ %QEEQNKVJWU RGNCIKEWU ߢ 㧘 *GNKEQURJCGTC ECTVGTK ߿ 4 RUGWFQWODKNKEWU ߥߤ߽ᄙ㧚⾰ᐕઍቯߦ㊀ⷐ ߥ⒳߽ᄙߊ߹ࠇࠆ㧚ߔߥࠊߜ↥㒢߇ਛᦼਛᣂ ߩ 0000 Ⴚ⇇ߦࠆ %HNQTKFCPWU㧘หߓߊ↥ 㒢߇ 0000 Ⴚ⇇ࠍቯ⟵ߔࠆ 5RJGPQNKVJWU JGVGTQOQTRJWU㧘ߘߩ⛘Ṍ߇೨ᦼਛᣂᧃߩ 0000 Ⴚ⇇ࠍቯ⟵ߔࠆ *GNKEQURJCGTCCORNKCRGTVC ߥߤ߇ ߔߴߡߩ⹜ᢱ߆ࠄ↥ߒߚ㧚ߎߩߎߣߪ㧘᧲㒮ౝጀ ᴺኹ⃯⮺ᵆጤ߇೨ᦼਛᣂ 00 Ꮺߦ㑆㆑ߥߊኻ Ყߐࠇࠆࠍ␜ߔ㧚 ᄢᵤၞ̅㕙ጀ ⺞ᩏߒߚ ⹜ᢱߩ߁ߜ㧘 ⹜ᢱ߆ࠄሽ⁁ᘒߩ⦟ ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹߇ᄙ↥ߒߚ㧚ઁၞߣห᭽ߦኙ ᵹ ♽ ⒳ ߩ %QEEQNKVJWU RGNCIKEWU ߅ ࠃ ߮ ዊ ဳ ߩ 4GVKEWNQHGPGUVTCURR߇ᦨ߽ᄙ↥ߒߚ㧔࿑ 㧕㧚 ࿑ ᄢᵤၞ㕙ጀ߆ࠄ↥ߒߚ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹㧚 ⾰ᐕઍቯߢ㊀ⷐߥ⒳ࠍߡߺࠆߣ㧘↥㒢߇ 0000 ߦࠆ %HNQTKFCPWUหߓߊ↥㒢߇ ߘࠇߙࠇ 0000 Ⴚ⇇߅ࠃ߮ 0000 Ⴚ⇇ࠍቯ⟵ߔ ࠆ 5JGVGTQOQTRJWU ߅ࠃ߮ *CORNKCRGTVC ߇․ᓽ ⊛ߦߛߐࠇࠆ㧚ߎߩߎߣߪ㧘㕙ጀ߇೨ᦼਛᣂ ߩ 00 Ꮺߦ⏕ታߦኻᲧߐࠇࠆࠍ␜ໂߒߡࠆ㧚 ฦጀߩ⾰ᐕઍ ኻ Ყ ᧄ⺞ᩏ⚿ᨐߪ㧘/CTVKPK ߇⸳ቯߒߚ⍹Ἧ ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹Ꮺಽߩᜰᮡ⒳߇㧘ᧄ㇌ᣣᧄᶏߩ ਅㇱ̅ਛㇱਛᣂ⛔㤥ᴛ㓏ߦ⏕ߦㅊ〔น⢻ߢࠆ ࠍ␜ໂߒ㧘ฦጀߩ⚦ߥ⾰ᐕઍቯ߇น⢻ߢ ࠆࠍ␜ߒߡࠆ㧚ߔߥࠊߜ㧘ᣣᧄᶏၞ㧘ᅏ 43 ዥፉߩ㊒ ⋧㧘ᷓᶆၞߩ↰㊁ᴛጀ㧘⑺↰ၞߩ⍾ ሶᷨጀਅㇱ㧘⎘ᵄၞߩ㤥ἑ⼱ጀ߆ࠄ᧲ᚲጀਅㇱ㧘 ⃨ᵮၞ᧲㒮ౝጀᴺኹ⃯⮺ᵆጤ㧘߅ࠃ߮ᄥᐔᵗ㧘 ᄢᵤၞߩ㕙ጀߕࠇ߽߇೨ᦼਛᣂߩ 00 Ꮺߦ ⏕ታߦኻᲧߐࠇࠆࠍ␜ߔ㧔࿑ 㧕㧚߹ߚ㧘ਛᦼਛ ᣂೋ 00 ᏪߦኻᲧߐࠇࠆߩߪ⍾ሶᷨጀਛㇱ㧘᧲ ᚲጀㇱߥߤߢ㧘ਛᦼਛᣂਛᦼߩ 00 Ꮺߦߪ⑺ ↰ၞߩ⍾ሶᷨጀㇱ㧘㡻㙃ᵆጤㇱጀ߇ኻᲧߐࠇࠆ㧚 ߔߢߦ㧘᧲ർᣣᧄࠍਛᔃߦߎࠇ߹ߢᄙߊߩ⍹Ἧ⾰ ࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹⺞ᩏ߇ⴕࠊࠇߡ߈ߚ㧚ߎࠇ߹ߢႎ๔߇ ߞߚઍ⊛ߥጀࠍട߃ߡᡷߡኻᲧߔࠆߣ㧘ᰴߩ ࠃ߁ߦߥࠆ㧔࿑ 㧕㧚⑺↰⋵ධㇱߩ⠀ਐ㒺৻Ꮺߦ ಽᏓߔࠆ㗇ㇹ↰ጀߪ 00 Ꮺޯ00 ᏪߦኻᲧߐࠇ㧘ߘ ߩߩᄢጀ߇ 00 Ꮺߦ⋧ᒰߔࠆ㧔⮮ࠄ㧘 㧕㧚ห᭽ߦ㧘⑺↰⋵ߩ⑺↰߆ࠄੳ⾐ߦ⥋ࠆ ᶏጯ✢ㇱਅߢᄙߊߩ⍹ᴤតᩏߢ⏕ߐࠇߚ⑺ ↰̄ᐣౝᴤ↰♽₵ᱞጤߦߔࠆၸⓍጤ㘃ߪ 0000 Ꮺߦ㧘ߘߩ⋥ߢ㉄ᕈಝἯጤࠍߔࠆᵆ ጤ⋧߇ 00 ᏪߦኻᲧߐࠇࠆ㧔⮮ࠄ㧘 㧕㧚ጊ ᒻ⋵ർㇱߩᣂᐣ⋆৻ᏪߦෘߊಽᏓߔࠆᵆጤ⋧ߩ ㏜ᴛጀ߽ห᭽ߦ 00 Ꮺߢࠅ㧔㚍႐ࠄ㧘 㧕㧘 ߘߩർᣇߩหߓߊ⍹Ἧ⾰ᵆጤࠃࠅߥࠆᄢጀ㧘⍾ሶ ᷨጀㇱߩ㡻㙃ᵆጤㇱጀߣหߓ⾰ᤨઍߦኻᲧߐ ࠇࠆ㧚ߣߊߦ㧘00 ᏪߦኻᲧߐࠇࠆᄢጀ߿ߘߩർ ᣇߩ㡻㙃ᵆጤㇱጀ㧘߅ࠃ߮⍹ᴤតᩏߢ⏕ߐࠇߚ ⑺↰̄ᐣౝᴤ↰♽₵ᱞጤ⋥ߩᵆጤ⋧ߪ㧘ߕࠇ ߽㉄ᕈಝἯጤࠍߔࠆ㘃ૃߒߚጤ⋧ࠍ๒ߒߡ߅ ࠅ㧘ጤ⋧ኻᲧ߆ࠄߡ߽⑺↰ၞ৻Ꮺߩ 00 Ꮺߦ⋧ ᒰߔࠆၸⓍጤ㘃ߩ․ᓽߣ߃ࠆ㧚 ৻ᣇ㧘ᄥᐔᵗၞߢߪ㧘บ̅৻㑐ߦ߆ߌߡߩ 1FCGVCN ߩ⺞ᩏߦࠃࠆߣ㧘ᣛ┙ጀ߇ 00 0000 ߦኻᲧߐࠇࠆ㧚ධᣣᧄߩᐢፉ⋵ᐣේၞ ߢߪᤚ᧻ጀߣ᧼ᯅጀ߇ 00 Ꮺߦ⏕ታߦኻᲧߐࠇࠆ 㧔;COCOQVQCPF5CVQ 㧕㧚ߎࠇߣߪߦ㧘 ᣣᧄᶏߩ᭴ㅧ⊒㆐ࠍ⸃ߔࠆ⋡⊛ߢታᣉߐࠇߚ 1&2 .GI ߢߪᄙߊߩὐߢ⺞ᩏ߇ታᣉߐࠇߚ㧚ߘߩ ਛߢ߽ᣣᧄᶏਛᄩㇱߦ⟎ߔࠆ 5KVG ߢߪᲧセ ⊛⼾ንߥ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹߇↥ߒ㧘000000 Ꮺࠍ⏕ߒߚ㧔4CJOCP 㧕߇㧘ߘࠇࠃࠅฎ ᐕઍࠍ␜ໂߔࠆ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹ߪߡߥ㧚 ⾰ᐕઍ ᓸൻ⍹ጀᐨߦၮߠߊ⾰ᐕઍߩቯߪ㧘࿖㓙ᷓᶏ ជ⸘↹ߩㅴዷߦ㧘ฎ⏛᳇ᐕઍߣᓸൻ⍹ጀᐨ ߣߩ㑐ㅪ㧘߅ࠃ߮ⅣႺᄌേߩᦼᕈߦၮߠߊᐕઍ ᱜߥߤ߆ࠄ㧘߈ࠊߡᱜ⏕ߥ⾰ᐕઍ߇ᓧࠄࠇࠆࠃ ߁ߦߥߞߡࠆ㧚ߣߊߦ㧘⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹ߪᓸൻ ⍹ߩਛߢ߽⾰ᐕઍߩቯ㊀ⷐߥᜰᮡ⒳߇᳢ ⇇⊛ߦಽᏓߔࠆߎߣ㧘߅ࠃ߮ฎ⏛᳇ጀᐨߣߩ㑐ଥ ߇৻ቯߢࠆߥߤ߆ࠄ㧘߈ࠊߡ㊀ⷐߥᓸൻ⍹ߢ ࠆ߇ᜰ៰ߐࠇߡࠆ㧚ߎߩࠃ߁ߥᓸൻ⍹ᐕઍߪ㧘 ㄭᐕ )65㧔)TCFUVGKPGVCN 㧕ߣߒߡ 44 佐藤時幸，神崎裕，奥山貴男，千代延俊 ࿑ ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹ߦၮߠߊᧄ㇌ߩਅㇱ̅ਛㇱਛᣂ⛔ߩጀኻᲧ㧚 ✚ ߐࠇ㧘᳢⊛ߥᱧผ⊛ઙߩᐕઍ⸃ ߦ↪ࠄࠇߡࠆ㧚 ᧄ㇌ߦಽᏓߔࠆਅㇱ̅ਛㇱਛᣂ⛔ߩ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁ ൻ⍹⺞ᩏ⚿ᨐߪᔅߕߒ߽ᄙߊߪߥ㧚㜞ጊ߇ᴺኹ ⃯⮺ᵆጤߩ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹⺞ᩏߢ㧘ᧄ㇌ߦᦨೋߦ 00 Ꮺ߇ሽߔࠆน⢻ᕈࠍᦨೋߦႎ๔ߒߚߩߪ ᐕߩߢࠆ㧔㜞ጊ㧘 㧕㧚ߘߩᓟ㧘⮮㜞 ጊ㧔㧕 ߿⮮㧔㧕 ߥߤߢ㤥ᴛᦼߩ ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹⟲㓸ࠍ⺰ߓߚ߇㧘ߘߩ⚦ಽߩน⢻ ᕈߦߟߡߪ㧘ᧂߛ⏕ߢߪߥ߆ߞߚ㧚ߘߩᓟ⮮ ࠄ㧔㧕 ߪ㧘ᧄ㇌ߦ೨ᦼਛᣂ 00 ᏪߦኻᲧߐ ࠇࠆጀ߇ሽߔࠆࠍೋߡࠄ߆ߦߒߚ߫߆ ࠅߢߥߊ㧘⑺↰̅ᐣౝߩᴤ↰♽ਅߦ O એ ߩෘߐߢಽᏓߔࠆ₵ᱞጤ㘃߇ 0000 ᏪߦኻᲧߐࠇ㧘 ᣣᧄᶏᒻᚑߣኒធߦ㑐ㅪߔࠆἫጊᵴേߢࠆߎߣ㧘 ߘߩಽᏓߦ߈ࠊߡᄢ߈ߥ․ᓽ߇ࠆࠍᜰ៰ߒ ߚ㧚 ࿁ߩ╩⠪ࠄߩ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹⺞ᩏ⚿ᨐ߆ࠄ㧘 ᧄ㇌ߦಽᏓߔࠆਛᣂ⛔ጀ⟲ߩ⾰ᐕઍࠍ )65 ߦၮߠߡᡷߡߡߺࠆ㧔࿑ 㧕㧚ᣣᧄᶏၞ ߩᅏዥፉ߆ࠄᷓᶆ㧘⑺↰ർ㒽߅ࠃ߮ᐣේߢߪ㧘ߎࠇ ߹ߢႎ๔߇ዋߥ߆ߞߚਅㇱਛᣂ⛔ 00 ᏪߦኻᲧߐࠇ ࠆጀ⟲߇ᐢߊಽᏓߔࠆ㧚ߎࠇࠄߩጀ⟲ߢߪ 5 JGVGTQOQTRJWU ߅ࠃ߮ *CORNKCRGTVC ߇↥ߒ㧘5 DGNGOPQU ߇↥ߒߥ߆ࠄ /C ߆ࠄ /C ߩ㑆ߦ㑆㆑ߥߊኻᲧߐࠇࠆ㧚ߎߩߎߣߣ㧘࿖㓙ᷓ ᶏជ⸘↹ߩᚑᨐ߽ടߔࠆߣ㧘ᣣᧄᶏၞߦಽ Ꮣߔࠆᦨਅߩᶏᚑጀߪ㧘ᦨ߽ฎߊⓍ߽ߞߡ߽ /C ߢࠆߎߣࠍ␜ໂߒ㧘ߘߩಽᏓ▸࿐߽߈ࠊ ߡᐢࠍ␜ߔ㧚߹ߚ㧘⑺↰ၞ߅ࠃ߮ਅ ߦᐢߊಽᏓߔࠆ 00 Ꮺߩ㉄ᕈಝἯጤࠍߔࠆ⍹Ἧ ⾰ᵆጤ⋧ߪ㧘/C ߆ࠄ /C ߩ㑆ߦኻᲧߐࠇ㧘 ᴤ↰♽₵ᱞጤߩᵴേߪዋߥߊߣ߽ /C ߦ⚳ੌ ߔࠆ㧔⮮ࠄ㧘 㧕㧚ߚߛߒ㧘ᴤ↰♽₵ᱞ ጤߦኻᲧߐࠇࠆ⍾ሶᷨጀߩ₵ᱞጤ㘃ߩᵴേ⚳ੌᤨ ᦼߪᧄ⺞ᩏ⚿ᨐ߆ࠄࠆߣ /C ઃㄭߦផቯߐࠇ ࠆ㧚 ߅ࠊࠅߦ ᧄ⺰ߢߪ㧘ᣣᧄᶏၞߦಽᏓߔࠆਅㇱ̅ਛㇱਛ ᣂ⛔ߩ⾰ᐕઍߣኻᲧࠍ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹߆ࠄᬌ ⸛ߒߚ㧚⺞ᩏ⚿ᨐߪਅㇱਛᣂ⛔ 00 ᏪߦኻᲧߐࠇࠆ ጀ⟲߇ᐢߊಽᏓߔࠆࠍ␜ߒ㧘߆ߟߘߩ⾰ᐕઍ ߪᦨ߽ฎߊⓍ߽ߞߡ߽ /C ߢࠆߎߣࠍ␜ߔ㧚 ߎࠇࠄߩ⺞ᩏ⚿ᨐߪ㧘ᣣᧄᶏߩᒻᚑᤨᦼࠍ⠨ኤߔࠆ ߢ߈ࠊߡ㊀ⷐߢࠅ㧘ߘߩὐߩ⼏⺰ߦ㑐ߒߡߪ㧘 北陸∼北日本に分布する中新統石灰質ナンノ化石層序 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⮮ᤨᐘ㜞ጊବᤘ㧔㧕㧦⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁ ൻ⍹߆ࠄߺߚ㤥ᴛጀߩ⾰ᐕઍ㧚ᣣᧄ⾰ቇળ╙ ᐕቇⴚᄢળ⸛⺰ળ⾗ᢱޟ㤥ᴛᦼߦ㑐ߔࠆ⻉ 㗴ޠ㧘 㗁㧚 ⮮ᤨᐘ㧔㧕㧦⍹Ἧ⾰ᓸൻ⍹⟲㓸ߦၮߠ ߊ৾⼱ጀߣ㤥ᴛጀߩ↢ጀᐨቇ⊛⎇ⓥ㧚⍹ᴤᛛⴚද ળ㧘 Ꮞ㧘 㗁㧚 秋田大学大学院工学資源学研究科研究報告，第31号，2010年10月 47 ⎇ⓥႎ๔ ጤᚻ⋵ർㇱߩᄢⷙᮨ࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ߢ᷹ⷰߐࠇࠆḝ᳓ߩ ൻቇ⊛․ᓽߣߘߩḮ Ꮉේ⼱ᶈ㧘ਃᶆℂม㧘᧻⪲⼱ᴦ㧘⍹ጊᄢਃ Geochemical characteristics and origin of groundwater draining into a large-scale tunnel, northern part of Iwate Prefecture Hiroshi Kawaraya**, Hiroshi Miura***, Osamu Matsubaya**** and Daizo Ishiyama** Abstract The purpose of this study is to investigate sources and style of migration of spring water discharging from fracture zones in a large-scale tunnel occurring at 150 to 200 meters below the surface of the ground. The water samples collected were spring water 200 meters below the surface and subsurface water 100 meters below the surface in the tunnel, well water, river water and precipitations. The properties of the water samples are discussed on the basis of concentrations of the major chemical components, including Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, NO3-, SO42- and HCO3- and the oxygen and hydrogen isotopic ratios of those water. The oxygen and hydrogen isotopic ratios of the spring water in the tunnel have almost constant values of į18O= -11.0 ‰ and įD= -70 ‰, respectively, and the isotopic ratios are lower than those of subsurface water, well water, river water and precipitations. On the other hand, the oxygen and hydrogen isotopic ratios of subsurface water show weak seasonal variation. The residence time of the spring water in the tunnel is estimated to be about over 2years. Based on the results of concentration ratio for major chemical components of water in the area, river water and well water having a short residence time and spring water having a long residence time. The subsurface water is thought to have been formed by water/rock interaction between water of meteoric origin with Quaternary and Tertiary volcanics in a short time, while the spring water is thought to be water formed by reaction of subsurface water with Paleozoic㨪 Mesozoic to Quaternary strata over a long period. 㧝㧚ߪߓߦ ਅ᳓ߪ㒠᳓߇ਅߦᶐㅘߒ㧘ࠆᶩ㙃ၞߢᏪ᳓ ጀࠍᒻᚑߒ㧘৻ㇱߪᴡᎹ߳ᵹߔࠆ㧚ਅ᳓ߩൻቇ ⚵ᚑߩቯߦߪ㧘㒠᳓ਛߩᶏႮ߿ࠛࠕࡠ࠱࡞ᚑಽߩ ขࠅㄟߺ㧘ਅߦᶐㅘᓟߪੑ㉄ൻ⚛ߩṁ⸃߅ࠃ߮ ጤ⍹ᚑಽߩṁߥߤ߇ࠅ㧘ߘࠇߦട߃㧘ੱὑ⊛ᚑ ಽߩઃടߥߤ߇ⶄ㔀ߦ⚵ߺวࠊߐࠇࠆ (1)㧚ᐢၞਅ ᵹേ⺞ᩏߦ‛ℂ⊛ᚻᴺࠍㆡᔕߒ㧘ߘߩ․ᕈࠍ⹏ଔߔ ࠆߦߪ㧘᳓ℂ⾰᭴ㅧߩ⺞ᩏߦၮߠߊ᳓ಽᏓ߿ㅘ᳓ ᐕ ᣣฃℂ ⑺↰ᄢቇᄢቇ㒮Ꮏቇ⾗Ḯቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㒝ዻⅣႺ⾗Ḯቇ⎇ⓥࡦ࠲ Center for Geo-Environmental Science, Akita University ᴦࠦࡦࠨ࡞࠲ࡦ࠻ᩣᑼળ␠ Meiji Consultant Co. Ltd. ⑺↰ᄢቇฬᢎ Professor Emeritus of Akita University ଥᢙߥߤߩ‛ℂ㊂ࠍ᳞ࠆᔅⷐ߇ࠆ㧚ߎߩߚ㧘 ․ቯߩၞߦ㒢ቯߐࠇࠆ႐ว߇ᄙ㧚 ㉄⚛㨯᳓⚛ห Ყ߿ṁሽᚑಽࠍ↪ߒ㧘ਅ᳓ᵹേࠍ✚ว⊛ߦ⹏ ଔߔࠆൻቇ⊛ᚻᴺߪ㧘Ყセ⊛ኈᤃߦᴡᎹ᳓ߥߤ ߩ᳓⹜ᢱណข߇ߢ߈ࠆߚ㧘ጊ㣽߿ਐ㒺ၞߥߤᐢၞ ߩਅ᳓ᶩ㙃Ḯ߿⾂⇐᭽ᑼߩផቯ㧘 ᵹേㆊ⒟ߩ⹏ଔ㧘 ߐࠄߦᳪᨴ‛⾰ߩേࠍࠄ߆ߦߔࠆߦߪㆡߒߚᚻ ᴺߢࠆ㧚ߎߩࠃ߁ߥᚻᴺߦࠃࠆਅ᳓ᵹേߦ㑐ߔ ࠆ⎇ⓥߪ㧘1980 ᐕઍએ㒠ᆎ߹ࠅ߽♖ജ⊛ߦⴕࠊ ࠇߡࠆ(2)㧘(3)㧚 ⎇ⓥኻ⽎ߣߒߚ᧲ർᣂᐙ✢⋓ጟએർᑧિߦ ជߐࠇߚ⚂ 26km ߩ࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ߪ㧘߆ࠄᢙ⊖ࡔ ࠻࡞ߩᷓᐲߦ⟎ߒ㧘࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ౝߢߪਅ᳓㧔એ ਅ࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ౝḝ᳓㧕ߩḝ߇᷹ⷰߐࠇࠆ㧚ߘߩࠃ߁ ߥ㐳ᄢ࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ߩᑪ⸳߇㧘ᣉᎿߦઃㄭߩ᳃ߩ ↢ᵴߦᡰ㓚ࠍ᧪ߔ႐ว߇ࠆ㧚࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ㄝߢߪ㈼ ㄘ߿㊁⩿ᩱၭ߇⋓ࠎߢ㧘࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ౝḝ᳓ߩḮ߇ᣣ 川原谷浩，三浦理司，松葉谷治，石山大三 48 Ᏹ↪ߒߡࠆᚭ᳓߿ㄝᴡᎹ᳓ߢࠇ߫㧘ㄘᬺ ᵴേߦᄢ߈ߥᡰ㓚ࠍ↢ߓࠆ㧚ᧄ⎇ⓥߢߪ㧘࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ ౝḝ᳓ߣᴡᎹ᳓㧘ᚭ᳓㧘㒠᳓ߩਥൻቇᚑಽߣ㉄⚛ ᳓⚛ቯหᲧࠍᲧセߒ㧘࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ౝḝ᳓ߩ ൻቇ⊛․ᓽߣ⾂⇐᭽ᑼߩᛠីࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߚ㧚 㧞㧚⺞ᩏၞߩⷐ߮⺞ᩏ㨯ಽᨆᣇᴺ ⺞ᩏၞߪ⋓ጟᏒർᣇ⚂ 50km㧘ጪ᧲㣽ߦ⟎ ߒ㧘ᐔဋᮡ㜞ߪ⚂ 450m ߢࠆ㧚࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ߪ߆ ࠄ 150㨪200m ᷓᐲߩᮡ㜞 275m ೨ᓟߦ⟎ߔࠆ 㧔Figs. 1 and 2㧕 㧚⹜ᢱߩណขߪ㧘2000 ᐕ 5 ߆ࠄ 3 ࡩߏ ߣߦቯᦼ⊛ߦታᣉߒߚ㧚࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ౝḝ᳓ߩ߶߆㧘 ㄝᴡᎹ᳓ 17 ▎ᚲ㧘ᚭ᳓ 4 ▎ᚲ㧘㒠᳓ࠍߘࠇߙࠇណ ขߒߚ㧚 ࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ౝḝ᳓ߪဒᤨᦼ߇㒢ࠄࠇߚߚ㧘 2000 ᐕ 5 㧘2001 ᐕ 2 ߩ 2 ࿁ታᣉߒߚ㧚㒠᳓ߩណ ขߪ㧘౻ቄ㒠㔐ߩ㓸߇࿎㔍ߥߚ㧘ᤐቄ߆ࠄ⑺ቄ ߦታᣉߒߚ㧚ਥߥ 3 ߟߩᴡᎹߪ㧘ߔߴߡጪጊ㣽ߦ Ḯᵹၞࠍߔࠆ㧚ᐔ♰Ꮉ㧔Nos. 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17㧕ߪ⺞ᩏၞධߩಽ᳓Ꭸࠍ᧲ᣇะ߳ᵹ ࠇ㧘࿖ 4 ภ✢ࠍᮮಾࠅർᣇะ߳ᵹ〝ࠍᄌ߃ࠆ㧚ዊ ❬Ꮉ㧔Nos. 1, 4, 5, 6 and 7㧕ߪᐔ♰Ꮉߩർߦ⟎ߒ㧘 ጪጊ⣻ࠍ᧲߳ᵹਅߒ㧘࿖ߦᴪߞߡർ߳ᵹࠇ㧘 No.10 ߢᐔ♰Ꮉߣวᵹߔࠆ㧚ᅚ㣮Ꮉ㧔Nos. 2 and 3㧕 ߪ㧘ጪጊ⣻ࠍർ᧲ᣇะ߳ᵹਅߒ㧘⺞ᩏၞർㇱߩ Fig. 2 Geological cross section (A-A’ in Fig. 1) around the Sinkansen bullet train tunnel (Miyakita et. al., 1984). ᅚ㣮ญߢవߦㅀߴߚ 2 ᴡᎹߣวᵹߔࠆ㧚ߎࠇࠄਥⷐ 3 ᴡᎹߩ⺞ᩏၞߦ߅ߌࠆ㓸᳓㕙Ⓧߪ㧘⚂ 375km2 ߢࠆ㧚 ࠻ࡦࡀ࡞࿐ߩ⾰ߪ㧘ਅ߆ࠄਛฎ↢⇇ߩ⍾ጤ㧘 ࠴ࡖ࠻㧘⍹Ἧጤࠍߔࠆ☼᧼ጤ㧘⎕⎈Ꮺࠍ߁ ╙ਃ♽ߩಝἯጤ㘃㧘࠻ࡦࡀ࡞᧲ߪ㧘╙྾♽ߩἫጊ ྃ‛ߩ㗅ߢ㊀ߥࠆ㧚 ࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ߩጪጊ㣽ߦߪ㧘 వㅀߩἫጊྃ‛߇ෘߊಽᏓߔࠆ㧔4㧕㧔Fig. 2㧕㧚ਛฎ ↢⇇ߣ╙ਃ♽㧘╙ਃ♽ߣ╙྾♽ߪਇᢛวߢធߔࠆ㧚 ᧄၞߩၮᐙ↥ᬺߪ㧘ਐ㒺ၞߢⴕࠊࠇߡࠆ㈼ㄘ ߣ࠲ࠬߥߤߩ㊁⩿ᩱၭߢࠆ㧚 ߢ㓸ߒߚ᳓⹜ᢱߦߟߡ㧘ਥൻቇᚑಽỚᐲ 㧔Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl-, NO3-, SO42-㧕ߥࠄ߮ߦ㉄⚛㨯 ᳓⚛หᲧࠍ᷹ቯߒߚ㧚ਥൻቇᚑಽỚᐲߪ㧘᳓⹜ ᢱࠍ࡞ࡠࠬࠕ࠹࠻ 0.45Ǵm ࡈࠖ࡞࠲ߢࠈ ㆊߒ㧘ࠗࠝࡦࠢࡠࡑ࠻ࠣࡈᴺߢ᷹ቯߒߚ㧚㉄⚛㨯 ᳓⚛หᲧߩ᷹ቯߪ㧘㉄⚛หᲧߪᵈེࠍ↪ ߚ CO2-H2O ᐔⴧᴺ㧔5㧕㧘᳓⚛หᲧߪ㋦ㆶర ᴺ㧔6㧕ࠍ↪ߡ⹜ᢱࠍ⺞ߒ㧘⑺↰ᄢቇ⾗Ḯ⚛᧚ࠪ ࠬ࠹ࡓ⎇ⓥᣉ⸳㧔㧦ⅣႺ⾗Ḯቇ⎇ⓥࡦ࠲㧕ߩ VarianMAT ␠ MAT250 ⾰㊂ಽᨆ⸘ߢ᷹ቯߒߚ㧚᷹ ቯߐࠇߚหᲧߪ㧘ᮡḰᐔဋᶏ᳓ SMOW㧔Standard Mean Oceanic Water㧕ߣߩหᲧߩᏅࠍජಽᏅ 㧔̟㧕ߣߒߡ㧘ᰴߩᑼߢߔ㧚 Ɂ ൌ ሺ ୖ௦ ୖ௦௪ െ ͳሻ ൈ ͳͲଷ 㧔㧝㧕 ߎߎߢ R ߪ 18O/16O㧘D/H ߢ㧘Ǭ୯ߪǬ18O㧘ǬD ߢߔ㧚᷹ቯ♖ᐲߪ㧘Ǭ18O ߢr0.1̟㧘ǬD ߢr2̟ ߢࠆ㧚 Fig. 1 Map showing sampling points of river water, well water and tunnel spring water in the area studied 50km north of Morioka City in Iwate Prefecture. 㧟㧚⚿ᨐ߮⠨ኤ 㧟㧙㧝㧚ṁሽൻቇᚑಽߩ․ᓽ ో⹜ᢱߩṁሽᚑಽ⚵ᚑࠍࡄࠗࡄ㨯࠳ࠗࠕࠣࡓ 㧔Fig. 3㧕ߦ㧘߹ߚ㧘ฦណขὐߩฦᚑಽỚᐲߩᐔဋ ୯ࠍ Table 1 ߦ␜ߒߚ㧚ฦᚑಽߩỚᐲ▸࿐ߪߘࠇߙࠇ Na+ =3.6-10.1ppm㧘K+ =0.4-5.2ppm㧘Mg2+ =1.3-5.9ppm㧘 Ca2+ =4.8-21.4ppm㧘Cl- =3.0-8.9ppm㧘SO42-= 1.4-8.1ppm㧘 岩手県北部の大規模トンネルで観測される湧水の地球化学的特徴とその起源 Table 1 49 List of the mean concentrations of major chemical components of each river, well and tunnel spring water. Fig. 3 Standard Piper Plot showing the types of groundwater. The types were divided into 3 groups: river and stream water, well and tunnel spring water. NO3- = 0.3-61.7ppm㧘HCO3-=23.4-68.6ppm ߢࠆ㧚 ࡄࠗࡄ㨯࠳ࠗࠕࠣࡓߪ㧘ൻቇ⊛ߥ᳓⾰ ಽߩᚻᴺߩ 1 ߟߢ㧘⾰⊛․ᓽߣߩ㑐ㅪࠍቯᕈ⊛ߦ ᛠីߔࠆߩߦലߢࠆ㧚࠳ࠗࠕࠣࡓߪ㧘㒶ࠗࠝ ࡦߣ㓁ࠗࠝࡦߩ㧞ߟਃⷺ࿑ߣ 1 ߟߩ⪉ᒻ࿑߆ࠄߥࠅ㧘 ฦゲߩ⋡⋓ࠅߪ㧘⍫ශߢ␜ߐࠇߚᚑಽߩᒰ㊂ 㧔meq/l㧕ߩഀว㧔㧑㧕ߢߐࠇࠆ㧚ߥ߅㧘HCO3-Ớ ᐲߪታ᷹୯ߢߪߥߊ㧘㓁ࠗࠝࡦᒰ㊂ߩ✚߆ࠄ Cl-㧘 SO42-㧘NO3-ߩᒰ㊂ߩࠍᏅߒᒁߡ᳞ߚផቯ୯ߢ ࠆ㧚ᴡᎹ᳓㧘ᚭ᳓߅ࠃ߮࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ౝḝ᳓ߩߕ ࠇ߽㓁ࠗࠝࡦਃⷺ࿑ߢߪ Ca2+㧘㒶ࠗࠝࡦਃⷺ࿑ߢߪ HCO3-ߩഀว߇ߘࠇߙࠇᄢ߈߈ߚ㧘 Ca2+㧙HCO3ဳߦዻߔࠆ㧚HCO3-ߩḮߪ㧘ਥߦਅᵻᚲߢߩ ᯏ‛ߩ㉄ൻߦࠃࠅ↢ߓߚ߽ߩߣផቯߐࠇ㧘ߘߩࠃ߁ ߥ HCO3-߇ਅߩფ߿ጤ⍹߆ࠄ Ca2+ߥߤߩ㓁ࠗࠝ ࡦࠍṁߐߖߡ߈ߚߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ㧚ߒ߆ߒ㧘ߎࠇࠄ ߩṁሽᚑಽࠍߐࠄߦߒߊࠆߣ㧘એਅߦ␜ߔࠃ߁ ߥᏅ⇣߇ࠄࠇࠆ㧚 ᴡᎹ᳓ߪ㧘Cl-ߣ SO42-Ớᐲ߇ૐ߽ߩߣߕࠇߩ Ớᐲ߽㜞㧞ߟߩࠣ࡞ࡊ߇ࠆ㧚 Cl-ߣ SO42-Ớᐲ ߇ߣ߽ߦૐะࠍ␜ߔᴡᎹ᳓ߪ㧘ᐔ♰Ꮉߢߪ㨪 ਛᵹ㧔Nos. 8, 9 and 15㧕ߣߘߩᡰᵹ㧔Nos. 11, 12 and 14㧕 㧘ዊ❬Ꮉߢߪ㨪ਛᵹߣߘߩᡰᵹ㧔Nos. 1, 4 and 7㧕 㧘ᅚ㣮Ꮉߢߪ㨪ਛᵹ㧔Nos. 2 and 3㧕ߢࠄࠇ ࠆ㧔Figs 1 and 4㧕 㧚Cl-ߣ SO42-Ớᐲߩ㜞ᴡᎹ᳓㧔Nos. 10, 13, 16 and 17㧕ߪ㧘ᚭ᳓ߦㄭᐔ♰Ꮉᡰᵹߩ৻ ㇱߣᧄᵹߢࠄࠇࠆ㧚ᚭ᳓ߪ㧘ߨ Ca2+㧙HCO3ဳߦዻߔࠆ߇㧘No. 21 ࠍ㒰ߊߣ NO3-Ớᐲ߇㜞㧔Fig. 4b, Table 1㧕 㧚⺞ᩏၞోၞߩᴡᎹ᳓ߩ NO3-Ớᐲ▸࿐ ߇㧘0.4-7.8ppm ߢࠆߩߦኻߒߡ㧘․ߦ No. 18 ߩ ᚭ᳓ߪ㧘NO3-Ớᐲ߇ 61.7ppm ߦ㆐ߒ㧘ᐕ㑆ࠍㅢߒߡ NO3-Ớᐲ߇㜞․ᓽࠍ߽ߟ㧚NO3-Ớᐲߩ㜞ᚭ ㄝߪ㧘㈼ㄘ⨲ߢ㧘‐⥢߿⽋⥢߇ὐߔࠆ㧚ߎߩࠃ ߁ߥၞߩᚭ᳓ߩ NO3-Ớᐲߪ㧘ዪᚲ⊛ߦ⪺ߒߊ㜞 ߊߥࠆߎߣ߇ႎ๔ߐࠇߡࠆ㧔7㧕㧚ᓥߞߡ㧘ᧄၞߩ 㜞 NO3-ỚᐲߩḮߪ㧘⇓↥ᑄ᫈‛ߣផቯߐࠇࠆ㧚߹ ߚ㧘ᚭ᳓ߪ㧘ߕࠇ߽ Cl-Ớᐲ߇㜞ߊ㧘No. 18 ߪ SO42-Ớᐲ߇㜞ߊ㧘ઁߩ߽ߩߪ No. 18 ߦᲧセߔࠆߣ SO42-Ớᐲ߇ૐ㧚ᧄၞߩ Cl-ߩḮߦߪ㧘㒠᳓ߦ ߹ࠇࠆᶏႮ߇⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ߇㧘No. 21 ࠍ㒰ߊᚭ᳓ 㧚ߎࠇࠄߩ ߪ㧘 Cl-Ớᐲ߽ NO3-Ớᐲ߽㜞㧔Fig. 4b㧕 ᚭ᳓ߪ㧘’⇓ߥߤߩੱ㑆ᵴേߩᓇ㗀ࠍฃߌߡࠆ น⢻ᕈ߇ࠆ㧚No. 21 ߪ㧘NO3-Ớᐲ߇ૐߊ㧘Cl-Ớᐲ ߇ᴡᎹ᳓߿㒠᳓ࠃࠅ㜞․ᓽ߇ࠆ㧚No. 21 ߩ NO3Ớᐲ߆ࠄߪ⏕ߢߪߥ߇㧘㜞 Cl-Ớᐲߩ․ᓽ߆ࠄ ߪ㧘No. 21 ߩᚭ᳓߽ੱ㑆ᵴേߩᓇ㗀ࠍฃߌߡࠆ น⢻ᕈ߇ࠆ㧚Nos. 10, 13, 16, 17 ߩ Cl-ߣ SO42-Ớᐲ ߇㜞ᴡᎹ᳓ߪ㧘ߘࠇߙࠇߩỚᐲ߇ No. 18 ߩ Cl-ߣ SO42-Ớᐲ߇㜞ᚭ᳓ߣ㘃ૃߔࠆ㧚ߎࠇࠄߩỚᐲߩ 㜞ᴡᎹ᳓ߪ㧘ਅߢ No. 18 ߩࠃ߁ߥᚭ᳓ߣᷙว ߒߚ᳓߇ᴡᎹ߳ᵹߒߚ߽ߩߣᕁࠊࠇࠆ㧚Nos. 19, 20, 21 ߩᚭ᳓ߪ㧘No. 5 ߩᴡᎹ᳓ߦ㘃ૃߒߡ߅ࠅ㧘 50 川原谷浩，三浦理司，松葉谷治，石山大三 Fig. 4 Diagram showing relation between major element concentrations. (a) Cl- and SO42-, (b) Cland NO3-, (c) Cl- and HCO3-, (d) Cl- and Na+ , (e) Cland K+ (f) Cl- and Ca2+, (g) Cl- and Mg2+. 岩手県北部の大規模トンネルで観測される湧水の地球化学的特徴とその起源 No. 5 ߩᴡᎹ᳓ߪ㧘Nos. 19, 20, 21 ߩᚭ᳓߇ᵹߒ ߚᴡᎹ᳓ߩน⢻ᕈ߇ࠆ㧚࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ౝḝ᳓ߪ㧘Ca2+ 㧙HCO3-ဳߦዻߔࠆ߇㧘ߘߩ㒶ࠗࠝࡦൻቇ⚵ᚑߪ㧘 ᴡᎹ᳓߿ᚭ᳓ߩߘࠇࠄߣᲧセߔࠆߣ㧘ࠄ߆ߦ 㧚 SO42-ߣ HCO3-Ớᐲ߇㜞㧔Figs. 4a and c, Table 1㧕 ࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ౝḝ᳓ߪ㧘NO3-߅ࠃ߮ Cl-Ớᐲ߇ૐߊ㧘SO42Ớᐲ߇㜞ߩߢ㧘’⇓ᵴേࠃࠆੱὑ⊛ߥᓇ㗀ࠍฃߌ ߕ㧘ጤ⍹ߣਅ᳓ߩᔕߦࠃࠅൻቇ⚵ᚑ߇ࠄࠇ ߡࠆߣᕁࠊࠇࠆ㧚࿁ᬌ⸛ߒߚ᳓ߩ Na+ߣ Cl-Ớᐲ ߩ㑐ଥࠍ Fig. 4 (d)ߦ␜ߔ㧚࿑ਛߩὐ✢ߪ㧘ᶏ᳓ߩ Na+/Cl-ỚᐲᲧࠍ␜ߔ㧚㒠᳓ࠍ㒰ߊߔߴߡߩ᳓⹜ᢱߪ㧘 㒠᳓ਛߩ Na+ ᶏ᳓ߩỚᐲᲧࠃࠅ㜞 Na+ߦ⟎ߔࠆ㧚 Ớᐲߩᐔဋߪ 0.3ppm ߣૐ߇㧘ᴡᎹ᳓㧘ᚭ᳓㧘 ࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ౝḝ᳓ߩ Na+Ớᐲߪ㜞ߊ㧘Na+ߪ㧘ფ߿ጤ ⍹߆ࠄߩṁ⣕ߒߚ߽ߩߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ㧚․ߦ㧘࠻ࡦࡀ ࡞ౝḝ᳓ߪ㧘ᴡᎹ᳓߿ᚭ᳓ߣᲧセߒߡ Na+Ớᐲ߇ ߐࠄߦ㜞㧚࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ౝḝ᳓ߢห᭽ߥะࠍ␜ߔ Na+એᄖߩ㓁ࠗࠝࡦṁሽᚑಽߪ㧘Ca2+ 㧔Fig. 4 (c)㧕߇ ࠆ㧚࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ߪ㧘ਛฎ↢⇇߇ሽߔࠆ߆ࠄᷓ ᐲ 150㨪200m ߦ⟎ߔࠆ㧚࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ౝḝ᳓ߪ㧘ᶐㅘ ߒߚ㒠᳓߇࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ㄝߩਅ᳓ᶩ㙃ၞߦ㆐ߔࠆ߹ ߢߦ╙྾♽㨪╙ਃ♽ߣᔕߔࠆ߶߆ߦ☼᧼ጤ㧘⍾ጤ ࠆߪ⍹Ἧጤ⾰ߥߎࠇࠄߩጤ⍹߆ࠄ᭴ᚑߐࠇࠆߣ ᕁࠊࠇࠆਛฎ↢⇇ߣᔕߒߚน⢻ᕈ߇ࠆ㧚 એߩߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘ᧄၞߩᚭ᳓ߪ㧘ੱὑ⊛ߥᓇ 㗀߇ࠄࠇࠆߎߣ㧘ᚭ᳓߇ੱὑ⊛ᓇ㗀ߩߥ ਅ᳓ߣਅߢᷙวߒ㧘ᴡᎹ᳓ߣߒߡᵹߒߡࠆߎ ߣ㧘࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ౝḝ᳓ߪ㧘㒠᳓㧘ᴡᎹ᳓㧘ᚭ᳓ߣߪ ⇣ߥࠆਅ᳓ߢࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ㧚 㧟㧙㧞㧚㉄⚛㨯᳓⚛ቯหᲧߩ․ᓽ ㉄⚛᳓⚛ቯหᲧߩ㑐ଥ࿑ࠍ Fig. 5 ߦ␜ߔ㧚 ࿑ਛߩ⋥✢ߪ㧘ᣣᧄߦ߅ߌࠆᄤ᳓ࠗࡦ㧔ǬD = 8 㧔8㧕 ࠍ␜ߔ㧚ណขߒߚߔߴߡߩ᳓⹜ᢱߪ㧘 Ǭ18O + 17㧕 ᄤ᳓ࠗࡦߦᴪಽᏓߔࠆ㧚ᓥߞߡ㧘ᧄၞߩᴡᎹ ᳓㧘ᚭ᳓㧘࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ౝḝ᳓ߪ㧘ߕࠇ߽ᶐㅘߒߚ 㒠᳓ࠍḮߣߔࠆਅ᳓ߢࠆ㧚ಾ ߣߥࠆ d ୯㧔d =ǬD㧙8Ǭ18O㧕ߪ㧘㉄⚛᳓⚛หᲧߣหߓࠃ߁ ߦ㒠᳓߿ਅ᳓ߩ․ᓽࠍߔᜰᮡߢࠆ㧚 ᤐቄ߆ࠄ⑺ቄߩ㒠᳓ߩ㉄⚛㨯᳓⚛หᲧߪ㧘Ǭ 18O ߇㧙6.4 ߆ࠄ㧙10.2̟ߦ㧘 ǬD ߇㧙45 ߆ࠄ㧙86̟ ߩ▸࿐ߢ߫ࠄߟ߈߇ᄢ߈ߊ㧘d ୯߽ 6 ߆ࠄ 23 ߩᄌേ ࠍᜬߟ㧚ᴡᎹ᳓ߪǬ18O ߇㧙10.2 ߆ࠄ㧙11.2̟ߦ㧘 ǬD ߇㧙55 ߆ࠄ㧙73̟ߩ▸࿐ߦࡊࡠ࠶࠻ߐࠇࠆ㧚 ฦᴡᎹߩ d ୯ߪ㧘ᐔ♰Ꮉߢ 14 ߆ࠄ 19㧘ዊ❬Ꮉߢ 13 ߆ࠄ 20㧘ᅚ㣮Ꮉߢ 16 ߆ࠄ 19 ߩ▸࿐ߢ㧘ᴡᎹߏߣ ߦᄙዋ⇣ߥࠆ㧚ᚭ᳓ߪǬ18O ߇㧙9.9 ߆ࠄ㧙10.7̟㧘 Fig. 5 51 Relationship between the į18O and the įD values of waters obtained from the area studied. ǬD ߇㧙61 ߆ࠄ㧙71̟ߩ▸࿐ߦࡊࡠ࠶࠻ߐࠇࠆ㧚 ᚭ᳓ߩ d ୯ߪ㧘No. 18 ߇ 14 ߆ࠄ 20㧘No. 19 ߇ 14 ߆ࠄ 21㧘No. 20 ߇ 15 ߆ࠄ 22㧘No. 21 ߇ 12 ߆ ࠄ 19 ߩ▸࿐ߢࠆ㧚ᚭ᳓ߪ㧘ᴡᎹ᳓ߩหᲧ ߣᲧセ⊛㘃ૃߒߚ▸࿐ߦࡊࡠ࠶࠻ߐࠇࠆ㧚࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ ౝḝ᳓ߪ㧘Ǭ18O ߇㧙10.8 ߆ࠄߦ㧙11.2̟㧘ǬD ߇ 㧙68 ߆ࠄ㧙75̟ߩ▸࿐ߢ㧘ᴡᎹ᳓߿ᚭ᳓ߩห ᲧߣᲧセߒߡ㧘㉄⚛หᲧߢ 0.5̟㧘᳓⚛ห Ყߢ 8̟⒟ᐲૐ㧚ᷓㇱߩਅ᳓ߩหᲧ߇ᵻㇱ ࠃࠅ߽ૐߎߣߪ㧘ࠃߊࠄࠇࠆะߢࠆ㧚߃ ߫㧘⺞ᩏὐࠃࠅർ⚂ 70km ߦ⟎ߔࠆᄢ㙚Ꮢ㉼ ㄸౝၞߩ㤥㋶㋶ጊߢߪ㧘᳓߿ᵻጀᚭ᳓ߩห Ყߪ㧘Ǭ18O ߇㧙8.9 ߆ࠄ㧙9.2̟㧘ǬD ߇㧙54 ߆ࠄ㧙56̟ߢࠆ߇㧘ߎࠇߦኻߒߡ㧘ဒౝ᳓㧔ᷓᐲ 300m㧕ߩหᲧߪ㧘Ǭ18O ߇㧙9.9 ߆ࠄ㧙10.6̟㧘 ǬD ߇㧙63 ߆ࠄ㧙67̟ߢ㧘㉄⚛หᲧߢ 1.3̟㧘 ᳓⚛หᲧߢ 10̟⒟ᐲૐ㧔9㧕㧚ߎߩࠃ߁ߥห Ყߩะߪ㧘 ᷓጀਅ᳓ߩ․ᓽߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇߡ߅ࠅ㧘 ࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ౝḝ᳓߽㉼ㄸౝߩဒౝ᳓ߣหߓࠃ߁ߥᷓጀ ਅ᳓ߩ․ᓽࠍߒߡࠆߣᕁࠊࠇࠆ㧚࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ౝ ḝ᳓ߩ㉄⚛᳓⚛หᲧߩ᷹ቯߪ㧘2000 ᐕ 5 㧘 2001 ᐕ 2 ߩ 2 ࿁㧘ว⸘ 21 ▎ᚲታᣉߒߚ㧚⹜ᢱណ ขᤨᦼߪ㧘౻ቄߣⲢ㔐ᦼߦ㒢ࠄࠇࠆ߇㧘d ୯ߪߕ ࠇߩᤨᦼ߽ߨ 16 ߆ࠄ 17 ࠍ␜ߔ㧚ߎߩ৻ቯߒߚ୯ ߪ㧘ਥⷐᴡᎹ߿ᚭ᳓ߩ d ୯߇ᄌേࠍ␜ߔߩߣߪ ኻᾖ⊛ߢࠆ㧚ߎߩ d ୯ߩᄌേߦߟߡߪ㧘ᰴ㗄ߢ ⼏⺰ߔࠆ㧚 㧟㧙㧟㧚࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ౝḝ᳓ߩᐔဋṛ⇐ᤨ㑆 㒠᳓ߩหᲧߪ㧘᳇࿅߿᳇⽎᧦ઙᄌൻߦ㧘 川原谷浩，三浦理司，松葉谷治，石山大三 52 ᐕ㑆ࠍㅢߓߡᄢ߈ߊᄌൻߔࠆߎߣ߇⍮ࠄࠇߡࠆ 㧔10㧕 㧚߃߫㧘2000 ᐕ⑺↰ᄢቇ᭴ౝ㧔એਅ⑺↰Ꮢ㧕 ߢߏߣߦណขߐࠇߚ㒠᳓ߩ㉄⚛㨯᳓⚛หᲧߪ㧘 Ǭ18O ߇㧙6.8̟߆ࠄ㧙11.2̟ߦ㧘ǬD ߇㧙42̟߆ࠄ 㧙73̟ߩ▸࿐ߢ㧘 d ୯߽ 6 ߆ࠄ 30 ߩᄌേࠍᜬߟ㧚 ߎߩࠃ߁ߥቄ▵ᄌൻࠍ␜ߔ㒠᳓߇ਅߦᶐㅘߒ㧘ᶩ 㙃ၞߢᷙวߐࠇࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ㧘㒠᳓ߩหᲧߪᐔ Ṗൻߐࠇࠆ㧚ߎߩหᲧߩ⚻ᤨᄌൻߪ㧘ਅ᳓ߩ ⾂⇐ጀ N㧔m3㧕ࠍ 1 ߟߩ▫ߣߔࠆࡏ࠶ࠢࠬࡕ࠺࡞ࠍ ↪ߡߔߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ㧔11㧕㧘㧔12㧕㧚ߎߩ⾂⇐ጀߦᵹ ㊂ J㧔m3/year㧕ߢǬi ߩหᲧߩ㒠᳓߇ᵹߒ㧘ߘ ࠇߣห㊂ J ߩਅ᳓߇⾂⇐ጀ߆ࠄᵹߔࠆቯᏱ⁁ᘒ ࠍᗐቯߒ㧘⾂⇐ጀਛߩਅ᳓߇චಽߦᷙวߐࠇဋ৻ ߣߔࠆߣ㧘⾂⇐ጀ N ߩหᲧǬw ߩ⚻ᤨᄌൻߪ㧘 એਅߩᡰߩᑼߢߔߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ㧚 ୢஔ୵ ୢ୲ ൌ Ɂ െ Ɂ 㧔㧞㧕 Fig. 6 Seasonal d-value variations of waters obtained from the area studied and Akita City precipitations. ⾂⇐ጀߦᵹߒߚࠆᤨᦼߩ㒠᳓ᚑಽ߇ᴡᎹ᳓߿ḝ ᳓ߣߒߡᵹߔࠆ߹ߢߩᤨ㑆ߪ㧘⾂⇐ጀਛߢᷙวߐ ࠇࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ᭽߇ࠆߢޘ㧘 ߘߩᐔဋ⊛ߥᤨ㑆ߪ㧘 ᐔဋṛ⇐ᤨ㑆Ǽߣߒߡ㧘ᰴᑼߢቯ⟵ߐࠇ㧘ᤨ㑆ߩන ߢߐࠇࠆ㧚 ɒ㧩 㧔㧟㧕 ߒߚ߇ߞߡ㧘 㧔㧞㧕ᑼߪ㧘ᰴᑼߩࠃ߁ߦߔߎߣ߇ߢ ߈ࠆ㧚 ɒ ୢஔ୵ ୢ୲ ൌ Ɂ െ Ɂ 㧔㧠㧕 ߹ߚ㧘 㧔㧠㧕ᑼߪ㧘หᲧǬߩઍࠊࠅߦ d ୯ࠍ↪ ߡ߽ోߊห᭽ߦߔߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ㧚ᧄ⎇ⓥߩ࠻ࡦࡀ ࡞ౝḝ᳓ߩᐔဋṛ⇐ᤨ㑆ߩⓍ߽ࠅߦ߽㧘ࡏ࠶ࠢࠬ ࡕ࠺࡞ߩㆡᔕࠍ⹜ߺߚ㧚ࡕ࠺࡞⸘▚ߩ㓙㧘⺞ᩏၞ ߩ㒠᳓ߩหᲧߩቄ▵ᄌൻࠍ᷹ⷰߔࠆᔅⷐ߇ࠆ ߇㧘౻ቄߩ⹜ᢱណขߪⴕࠊߕ㧘ᤐቄ߆ࠄ⑺ቄߩ㒠᳓ ⹜ᢱࠍណขߒ㧘㉄⚛߮᳓⚛หᲧߩ᷹ቯࠍታᣉ ߒߚ㧚ߘߎߢ㧘᷹ⷰߐࠇߚ⺞ᩏၞߩ㒠᳓ߩ d ୯ߩ ቄ▵ᄌൻ߇㧘⑺↰Ꮢߢߏߣߦ᷹ⷰߐࠇߡࠆ㒠᳓ ߩ d ୯ߩ 5 ᐕ㑆ߩട㊀ᐔဋ୯㧔1998 ߆ࠄ 2002 ᐕ㧕ߣ㘃ૃߔࠆ㧔Fig. 6㧕ߚ㧘⑺↰Ꮢߩ㒠᳓ߩ d ୯ ߩቄ▵ᄌൻࠍ⺞ᩏၞߩ㒠᳓ߩ d ୯ߩቄ▵ᄌൻߣߺ ߥߒ㧘ᰴᑼߢㄭૃߒߚ㧚 ൌ ͳ ͳͲ ʹɎ 㧔㧡㧕 㧔㧡㧕ᑼߩᦨᄢᝄ 10 ߪ㧘 d ୯ߩᐕ㑆ᄌേߩ 2 ಽߩ 1 ࠍ㧘ቯᢙ㗄 17 ߪ㧘 d ୯ߩᄌേ߇ዊߐߊ㧘 ᐕ㑆㒠᳓㊂ߩᐔဋ⊛ߥ d ୯ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ḝ ᳓ߩ 17 ࠍߘࠇߙࠇ↪ߚ㧚ਅ᳓ߩ d ୯ߩቄ▵ᄌ ൻ߇ᐔṖൻߔࠆ⒟ᐲߣਅ᳓ߩᐔဋṛ⇐ᤨ㑆ߩ㑐ଥ Fig. 7 Variation with time calculated d-value of the outflow water using the residence time as a parameter; variation of the inflow water is added for comparison. ߪ㧘 㧔㧠㧕 ᑼߩǬ୯ߩઍࠊࠅߦ d ୯ࠍ↪㧘 Ǭi ߦ 㧔㧡㧕 ᑼࠍઍߒߡⓍಽࠍⴕ߁ߣ㧘ቯᏱ⁁ᘒߦ߅ߡߪᰴ ᑼߩࠃ߁ߦ᳞ࠄࠇࠆ㧚 㧩ͳ ଵሺଶதୱ୧୬ଶ୲ାୡ୭ୱଶ୲ሻ ଵାସమ தమ 㧔㧡㧕 ߎߩᑼߩ㑐ଥࠍ Fig.7 ߦ␜ߔ㧚ᐔဋṛ⇐ᤨ㑆߇㐳ߊ ߥࠆ߶ߤਅ᳓ߩ d ୯ߩᄌേߪዊߐߊߥࠅ㧘2 ᐕએ ߩᐔဋṛ⇐ᤨ㑆ߢߪ d ୯ߩ୯ߪ߶߷৻ቯߦߥࠆ㧚 ᴡᎹ᳓ߩ d ୯ߩᄌൻߩߪ㧘ᐔ♰Ꮉߢ 5㧘ዊ❬Ꮉߢ 7㧘ᅚ㣮Ꮉߢ 3 ߣᴡᎹߦࠃࠅᏅ⇣߇ࠅ㧘ߘࠇߦ ᐔဋṛ⇐ᤨ㑆ߪ㧘 ዊ❬Ꮉߢᢙࡩ߆ࠄ 6 ࡩ⒟ᐲ㧘 ᐔ♰Ꮉߢ 6 ࡩ߆ࠄ 1 ᐕ⒟ᐲ㧘ᅚ㣮Ꮉߢ 1 ᐕ⒟ᐲߣ Ⓧ߽ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ㧚ᚭ᳓ߩᐔဋṛ⇐ᤨ㑆ߪ㧘 d ୯ߩᄌൻ߇ 6 ߆ࠄ 7 ߢࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘ᢙࡩ߆ 岩手県北部の大規模トンネルで観測される湧水の地球化学的特徴とその起源 ࠄ 6 ࡩ⒟ᐲߣⓍ߽ࠄࠇ㧘ᴡᎹ᳓ߩਛߢߪዊ❬Ꮉ ߣ㘃ૃߔࠆ㧚৻ᣇ㧘࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ౝḝ᳓ߩ d ୯ߪ㧘16 ߆ࠄ 17 ߢ߶߷৻ቯߩ୯ࠍ␜ߔ㧚࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ౝḝ᳓ߩ ᐔဋṛ⇐ᤨ㑆ߪ㧘d ୯ߩᄌേ߇⺋Ꮕߩ▸࿐ߦࠆ ߚᱜ⏕ߦⓍ߽ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߥ߇㧘ዋߥߊߣ߽ 2 ᐕએߩᐔဋṛ⇐ᤨ㑆ࠍߒߡࠆߣផቯߐࠇࠆ㧚 એߩߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ౝḝ᳓ߩḮߪ㧘ᴡᎹ ᳓߿ᚭ᳓ߩ⾂⇐ጀߣᲧセߒߡ㧘ᐕ㑆㒠᳓㊂ࠍචಽ ᶩ㙃ߢ߈ࠆᄢⷙᮨߥ⾂⇐ጀ߆ࠄߩḝߣផቯߐࠇࠆ㧚 㧠㧚߹ߣ ᄢⷙᮨ࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ౝߢ᷹ⷰߐࠇࠆḝ᳓ߩḮ߮ ൻቇ⊛․ᓽࠍ㉄⚛㨯᳓⚛หᲧ㧘 ṁሽൻቇᚑಽࠃ ࠅ⠨ኤߒߚ⚿ᨐ㧘એਅߩ⚿⺰ࠍᓧߚ㧚 㧝㧚ᴡᎹ᳓㧘ᚭ᳓߮࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ౝḝ᳓ߪ㧘ߕࠇ ߽ Ca2+㧙HCO3-ဳߦዻߔࠆ㧚ߩޘṁሽᚑಽࠍߐ ࠄߦߒߊࠆߣ㧘ᚭ᳓ߪ’⇓ߥߤߩੱ㑆ᵴേ ߩᓇ㗀ߦࠃࠅ㧘Cl-ߣ NO3-Ớᐲ߇㜞㧚ᚭ᳓ߩੱ ὑ⊛ߥᓇ㗀ฃߌࠆᴡᎹ᳓߽৻ㇱࠄࠇࠆ㧚 㧞㧚࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ౝḝ᳓ߩṁሽൻቇᚑಽߪ㧘㒶ࠗࠝࡦߢ ߪ SO42-ߣ HCO3-Ớᐲ㧘㓁ࠗࠝࡦߢߪ Na+ߣ Ca2+ Ớᐲ߇㜞㧚ߎࠇߪ㧘࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ㄝߩਛฎ↢ጀࠍ 㕖Ᏹߦ㐳ᦼ㑆ߩ᳓/ጤ⍹ᔕߦ࿃ߔࠆߣ ⠨߃ࠄࠇ㧘ᴡᎹ᳓߿ᚭ᳓ߣߪ⇣ߥࠆਅ᳓ߢ ࠆ㧚 㧟㧚࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ౝḝ᳓ߩ㉄⚛߮᳓⚛หᲧߪ㧘ᵻ ጀߩਅ᳓ߢࠆᴡᎹ᳓߿ᚭ᳓ߩหᲧࠃ ࠅૐߊߥࠆะࠍ␜ߔߚ㧘ᷓጀਅ᳓ߩ․ᓽࠍ ߽ߟ㧚 㧠㧚㒠᳓ߩ d ୯ߩቄ▵ᄌൻࠍ↪ߒߚࡏ࠶ࠢࠬࡕ࠺ ࡞߆ࠄ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ౝḝ᳓ߩᐔဋṛ⇐ᤨ 㑆ߪ㧘ዋߥߊߣ߽㧞ᐕએߣⓍ߽ࠄࠇࠆ㧚߹ߚ㧘 ࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ౝḝ᳓ߩḮߪ㧘ᴡᎹ᳓߿ᚭ᳓ߩ⾂⇐ ጀߣᲧセߒߡ㧘ᐕ㑆㒠᳓㊂ࠍචಽᶩ㙃ߢ߈ࠆᄢⷙ ᮨߥ⾂⇐ጀ߆ࠄߩḝߣផቯߐࠇࠆ㧚 ⻢ㄉ ᧄ⎇ⓥߦߚࠅ㧘 㧔⽷㧕ⅣႺ⑼ቇᛛⴚ⎇ⓥᚲߩ㐳⼱ Ꮉ⧷ዏ⎇ⓥຬߦߪਥൻቇᚑಽߩ᷹ቯ᷹߮ቯ⚿ᨐߦ 㑐ߔࠆࠦࡔࡦ࠻ࠍ㗂ߚ㧚ߎߩ႐ࠍ୫ࠅߡᷓ⻢⥌ߒ ߹ߔ㧚 ෳ⠨ᢥ₂ 㧔㧝㧕 Marcus L., Christina S. and Erik S. 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(2009) : Experimental investigation of selective flotation for removal of arsenic from copper resource, Proceedings of International Symposium on Earth Science and Technoloy (CINEST2009, Fukuoka, Japan), p.359-62. ⅣႺ⚛᧚⸳⸘Ꮏቇ⻠ᐳ ޟቇⴚ⺰ᢥ㓸 ቇදળޠ ᎑㓉㧘ᳰᐽਯ (2009)㧦ࠕ࡞ࠞṁⲢᴺࠍ↪ߚ⍾ጤ⎈⍹ድ߆ࠄߩ㨄ဳࠝࠗ࠻ߩวᚑ㧘ᣣᧄ㊄ዻ ቇળ㧘73 Ꮞ㧘2 ภ㧘124-30 㗁㧚 ᎑㓉㧘ᳰᐽਯ (2009)㧦ࡂࠗ࠼ࡠ࠲࡞ࠨࠗ࠻ࠍ↪ߚᾲ᳓ਛ߆ࠄߩ⎆⚛ࠪࠞߩหᤨ㒰㧘ᔕ↪ ⾰㧘50 Ꮞ㧘1 ภ㧘29-34 㗁㧚 ᎑㓉㧘ᳰᐽਯ (2009)㧦⚕ࠬ࠶ࠫළ㘧Ἧߩ㉄ᕈ㊀㊄ዻṁᶧᵺൻ⢻ߦ㑐ߔࠆၮ␆⊛ᬌ⸛㧘ᑄ᫈‛ ⾗ḮᓴⅣቇળ⺰ᢥ㧘20 Ꮞ㧘1 ภ㧘68-73 㗁㧚 ᎑㓉㧘ᔒ᳓୶ᕺ㧘ᄢᱞᒾ㧘ᳰᐽਯ (2009)㧦ᶏ᳓߆ࠄߩἠṴ↪᳓ㅧࠍ⋡ᜰߒߚᄤὼࠝࠗ࠻ߦ ࠃࠆ◲ᤃ⣕Ⴎಣℂߦ㑐ߔࠆၮ␆⊛⎇ⓥ㧘⚛᧚‛ᕈቇ㔀㧘22 Ꮞ㧘18-22 㗁㧚 Kawamura, Y., Iwai, Y., Hayashi, T., Yamanishi, T. and Munakata, K. (2009) : Adsorption capacity of tritium on mordenite at low temperature, Fusion Sci. Technol., Vol.56, p.168-72. Munakata, K., Takeishi, T., Kajii, S., Wajima, T. and Kawamura, Y. (2009) : Adsorption of hydrogen isotopes on various adsorbents at cryogenic temperature, Fusion Sci. Technol., Vol.56, p.153-7. 研究論文目録（2009） 60 Munakata, K., Shinozaki, T., Inoue, K., Kajii, S., Shinozaki, Y., Knitter, R., Bekris, N., Fujii, T., Yamana, H. and Okuno, K. (2009) : Tritium release from lithium orthosilicate pebbles deposited with palladium, J. Nucl. Mater., Vol.386-388, p.1091-4. Tanaka, M., Uda, T., Shinozaki, Y. and Munakata, K. (2009) : Hydrogen and methane oxidation performances of hybrid honeycomb catalyst for a tritium removal system, Fusion Eng. Des., Vol.84, p.1818-22. Wajima, T. and Ikegami, Y. (2009) : Synthesis of crystalline zeolite-13X from waste porcelain using alkali fusion, Ceram. Int., Vol.35, p.2983-6. Wajima, T. (2009) : Modification of Japanese natural diatomite to supply silica into alkali solution using thermal treatment and acid leaching, Clay Sci., Vol.14, p.55-60. ⩲ේ 㕏㧘⩲ේൎᐽ㧘⩲ේᜏ↵ (2009)㧦ᶐẃ⊒⧘Ꮏ⒟ឃᶧߦ߹ࠇࠆᓸ↢‛ߩ⭯ጀశ⸅ᇦߦࠃࠆਇᵴᕈൻ ߦ߷ߔశᒝᐲߩᓇ㗀㧘ൻቇᎿቇ⺰ᢥ㓸㧘35 Ꮞ㧘3 ภ㧘278-92 㗁㧚 ㊁ਛἑᒄ㧘⦁ጊ 㥱㧘⩲ේൎᐽ (2009)㧦⎬ࠬࠢ࠶ࡊਛ࠲ࡦ࠲࡞ߣ࠾ࠝࡉߩႮൻើ⊒േ㧘ൻቇᎿቇ ⺰ᢥ㓸㧘35 Ꮞ㧘4 ภ㧘403-10 㗁㧚 ਛ⾆ม㧘ᄢᎹᶈ৻㧘Ꮉᵗᐔ㧘㜞⇌㊀ᐘ㧘ਛ ⑲ᄦ㧘⩲ේൎᐽ (2009)㧦㖸ᵄࠍ↪ߒߚᲧౝ✛⦡ಝἯ ጤ ỘᶧߩᴉᲚಣℂߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ㧘ⅣႺ⾗ḮᎿቇ㧘56 Ꮞ㧘1 ภ㧘13-20 㗁㧚 Hu, H. and Sugawara, K. (2009) : Magnetic field-assisted synthesis of Ni nanoparticles: selective control of particle shape, Chemical Physics Letters, Vol.477, p.184-8. Hu, H. and Sugawara, K. (2009) : Ag-catalyzed synthesis of ultra-fine nickel nanoparticles: a facile way to size control, Material Letters, Vol.63, p.940-2. Hu, H. and Sugawara, K. (2009) : Preparation of sea-urchin like nickel particles under rapid wet chemical process, J. Chem. Eng. Jpn., Vol.42, p.s85-9. Mochizuki, Y. and Sugawara, K. (2009) : Effect of pre-treatment and additives on boron release during pyrolysis and gasification of coal, Energy Fuels, Vol.23, No.9, p.4502-6. Murakami, K., Wajima, T., Kato, T., Sugawara, K. and Sugawara, T. (2009) : Thermodynamic and kinetic studies on Cs+- and Sr2+-exchange in natural zeolite from Akita, Japan, Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry, Vol.91, No.6, p.1023-34. Sugawara, K., Suzuki, H., Kato, T., Sugawara, T., Otsuka, M. and Funayama, H. (2009) : Photo-oxidation of ethylene with hydrogen peroxide, J. Chem. Eng. Jpn., Vol.42, p.s50-5. 61 Wajima, T., Kiguchi, O., Sugawara, K. and Sugawara, T. (2009) : Synthesis of zeolite-A using silica from rice husk ash, J. Chem. Eng. Jpn., Vol.42, p.s61-6. Wajima, T., Umeta, Y., Narita, S. and Sugawara, K. (2009) : Adsorption behavior of fluoride ions using a titanium hydroxide-derived adsorbent, Desalination, Vol.249, p.323-30. Wajima, T., Murakami, K., Kato, T. and Sugawara, K. (2009) : Heavy metal removal from aqueous solution using carbonaceous K2S-impregnated adsorbent, J. Environ. Sci., Vol.21, p.1730-4. ޟ࿖㓙ળ⼏ႎ๔㓸╬ޠ Wajima, T. and Sugawara, K. (2009) : Synthesis of hydrocalumite from coal fly ash with addition of CaO, International Symposium on Zeolites and Microporous Crystals 2009 (ZMPC2009, Tokyo, Japan), P2-64. Wajima, T., Katekari, K., Munakata, K., Takeishi, T., Hara, K., Wada, K., Inoue, K., Shinozaki, Y., Mochizuki, K., Tanaka, M. and Uta, T. (2009) : Adsorption characteristics of water vapor on honeycomb adsorbent, 14th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-14, Sapporo, Japan), P3-147. Mochizuki, K., Munakata, K., Wada, K., Wajima, T., Hara, K., Shinozaki, T., Takeishi, T., Knitter, R., Bekris, N., Fujii, T., Yamana, H. and Okuno, K. (2009) : Tritium release from ceramic breeder materials deposited with noble metals, 14th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-14, Sapporo, Japan), P1-078. Munakata, K., Wajima, T., Hara, K., Wada, K., Shinozaki, Y., Katekari, K., Mochizuki, K., Tanaka, M. and Uta, T. (2009) : Oxidation of hydrogen isotopes over honeycomb catalysts, 14th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-14), P3-149. Wajima, T., Katekari, K., Munakata, K., Takeishi, T., Hara, K., Wada, K., Inoue, K., Shinozaki, Y., Mochizuki, K., Tanaka, M. and Uta, T. (2009) : Adsorption characteristics of water vapor on honeycomb adsorbent, 9th International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology (ISFNT-9), 03-039. Mochizuki, K., Munakata, K., Hara, K., Wajima, T., Wada, K., Shinozaki, T., Takeishi, T., Knitter, R., Bekris, N., Fujii, T., Yamana, H. and Okuno, K. (2009) : Study of isotope exchange reactions on ceramic breeder materials deposited with nobel metal, 9th International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology (ISFNT-9), 02-024. 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(2009) : Conversion of rice straw into valuable products by hydrothermal treatment and steam gasification, The 10th Japan-China Symposium on Coal and C1 Chemistry (Tsukuba, Japan, 2009), P-18. Nakamura, T., Okawa, H., Kawamura, Y. and Sugawara, K. (2009) : The application of sonication for purifying soil contaminated with microorganism, USE2009. Sugawara, K., Ohta, M., Kato, T., Sugawara, T., Otsuka, M. and Funayama, H. (2009) : Photo-oxidation of methanethiol with hydrogen peroxide, 8th World Congress of Chemical Engineering (WCCE8, Montreal, Canada, 2009), No.0034. Wajima, T. and Sugawara, K. (2009) : Synthesis of zeolitic material from paper sludge ash using diatomite, 8th World Congress of Chemical Engineering (WCCE8, Montreal, Canada, 2009), No.371. Wajima, T., Ikegami, Y. and Sugawara, K. (2009) : Treatment of Geothermal Water from Geothermal plant using Hydrotalcite for Removal of Harmful Anions, Proceedings of the 19th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference (ISOPE, Osaka, Japan, 2009), p.263-8. Wajima, T. and Sugawara, K. (2009) : Material conversion from various incinerated ashes using alkali fusion method, Proceedings of International Conference of Materials for Resources (ICMR, Akita, Japan, 2009), p.282-8. ൻቇࠪࠬ࠹ࡓቇ⻠ᐳ ޟቇⴚ⺰ᢥ㓸 ቇදળޠ Gotoh, T., Awa, H., Kikuchi, K.-I. and Takahashi, S. (2009) : Expression and in situ processing of human prorenin to active human renin by baculovirus-infected Sf-9 insect cells, Biochem. Eng. J., Vol.43, No.3, p.216-20. Gotoh, T., Kagaya, A. and Kikuchi, K.-I. (2009) : Reactivity of Rhizopus niveus lipase immobilized on silica gels in o/w emulsion, Jpn. J. Food Chem. Safety, Vol.16, No.1, p.34-8. 㜞ᯅ ඳ㧘ጊᥓ㧘⩵⾫৻ (2009)㧦ࠗࠝࡦ឵⤑ࠍ↪ߚ㔚᳇ㅘᨆᴺߥࠄ߮ߦᢔㅘᨆᴺߦࠃࠆ㉂⚛ ᔕṁᶧ߆ࠄߩ Ȗ㧙ࠕࡒࡁ㈼㉄ߩಽ㔌㧘J. 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Otaka, M., Odashima, M., Izumi, Y., Nagahara, A., Osada, T., Sakamoto, N., Takada, M., Takahashi, T., Shimada, Y., Tamaki, K., Asaoka, D., Itoh, H. and Watanabe, S. (2009) : Target molecules of molecular chaperone (HSP70 family) in injured gastric mucosa in vivo, Life Sci., Vol.84, p.664-7. Mezaki, Y., Yamaguchi, N., Yoshikawa, K., Miura, M., Imai, K., Itoh, H. and Senoo, H. (2009) : Insoluble speckled cytosolic distribution of retinoic acid receptor alpha protein as a marker of hepatic stellate cell activation in vitro, J. Histochem. Cytochem., Vol.57, p.687-99. Tsuji, T., Kato, A., Yasuda, H., Miyaji, T., Luo, J., Sakao, Y., Itoh, H., Fujigaki, Y. and Hishida, A. (2009) : The dimethylthiourea-induced attenuation of cisplatin nephrotoxicity is associated with the augumented induction of heat shock proteins, Toxicol. Appl. Phramacol., Vol.234, p.202-8. Ishida, Y., Yamamoto, A., Kitamura, A., Lamande, S. R., Yoshimori, T., Bateman, J. F., Kubota, H. and Nagata, K. (2009) : Autophagic elimination of misfolded procollagen aggregates in the endoplasmic reticulum as a means of cell protection, Mol. Biol. Cell, Vol.20, p.2744-54. Ikeda, M., Naitoh, M., Kubota, H., Ishiko, T., Yoshikawa, K., Yamawaki, S., Kurokawa, M., Utani, A., Nakamura, T., Nagata, K. and Suzuki, S. (2009) : Elastic fiber assembly is disrupted by excessive accumulation of chondroitin sulfate in the human dermal fibrotic disease, keloid, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., Vol.390, p.1221-8. Kubota, H. (2009) : Quality control against misfolded proteins in the cytosol: a network for cell survival, J. Biochem., Vol.146, p.609-16. Kampinga, H. H., Hageman, J., Vos, M. J., Kubota, H., Tanguay, R. M., Bruford, E. A., Cheetham, M. E., Chen, B. and Hightower, L. E. (2009) : Guidelines for the nomenclature of the human heat shock proteins, Cell Stress Chaperones, Vol.14, p.105-11. ޟ࿖㓙ળ⼏ႎ๔㓸╬ޠ Itoh, H. (2009) : The induction mechanism of the molecular chaperone HSP70 in the gastric mucosa by geranylgeranylacetone (HSP-inducer), The 4th International Congress on Stress Responses in Biology and Medicine (Sapporo, Japan), p.126. 65 Kubota, H., Yamamoto, S., Yamamoto, Y. and Itoh, H. (2009) : Increased expression of HOP and chaperone complex formation in human colonic carcinoma, The 4th International Congress on Stress Responses in Biology and Medicine (Sapporo, Japan), p.169. Ishida, R., Takaoka, Y., Yamamoto, S., Miyazaki, T., Otaka, M., Watanabe, S., Komatsuda, A., Wakui, H., Sawada, K., Kubota, H. and Itoh, H. (2009) : Cisplatin differently affects amino terminal amd carboxyl terminal domains of HSP90, The 4th International Congress on Stress Responses in Biology and Medicine (Sapporo, Japan), p.186. Yamamoto, S., Nakano, S., Kubota, H. and Itoh, H. (2009) : The antibiotic gentamicin (GM) was specifically bound to HSP70 C-domain and inhibited HSP40/HSC70 chaperone activity, The 4th International Congress on Stress Responses in Biology and Medicine (Sapporo, Japan), p.187. Kubota, H., Kitamura, A., Itoh, H., Kinjo, M. and Nagata, K. (2009) : Fluorescently labeled proteins as a tool for analyzing the dynamics of protein quality control in living cells, The Sixth Conference on Materials Engineering for Resources (Akita, Japan), p.12. ᔕ↪↢ൻቇ⻠ᐳ ޟቇળ⺰ᢥ㓸 ቇදળޠ Matsumura, N., Kagaya, M., Kondo, Y., Akagami, Y. and Hamada, F. (2009) : Synthesis and its DNA detecting ability of fluorescent modified E-cyclodextrins having long chain connected by pyrene unit, Int. J. of the Soc. of Mat. Eng. for Resources., Vol.16, p.16-21. Shiku, H., Takeda, M., Murata, T., Akiba, U., Hamada, F. and Matsue, T. (2009) : Development of electrochemical reporter assay using Hela cells transfected with vector plasmids encoding various responsive elements, Anal. Chim. Acta, Vol.640, p.87-92. Hasegawa, T., Kondo, Y., Koizumi, Y., Sugiyama, T., Takeda, A., Ito, S. and Hamada, F. (2009) : A highly sensitive probe detecting low pH area of HeLa cells based on rhodamine B modified E-cyclodextrins, Bioorg. Med. Chem., Vol.17, p.6015-9 . ⿒㑆ਃᶈ㧘ጊ↰ ቇ㧘ፉᎹ⦟ᢥ㧘દ⮮ᘕ৻㧘᧘ ᤐᢩ㧘ᩊጊ ᢕ㧘ㄭ⮮⦟ᒾ㧘ự↰ᢥ↵㧘(2009)㧦ࠞ࡞ࡏ ࡦ㉄ୃ㘼࠴ࠕࠞ࠶ࠢࠬ[6]ࠕࡦ⺃ዉࠍ↪ߚᏗዋ㊄ዻṁᇦߦ߅ߌࠆ pH ߮ኻࠗ ࠝࡦߩᓇ㗀㧘⚛᧚‛ᕈቇ㔀㧘22 Ꮞ㧘13-7 㗁㧚 Amatatsu, Y. (2009) : Potential energy surfaces for the S1-S0 relaxation of trans-diphenyldiphosphene in the P=P rotation-restricted condition, J. Phys. Chem. A, Vol.113, p.9667-74. Kikuchi, R., Oba, M., Yoshimura, K., Ozeki, T., Kajikawa, M. and Ogawa, N. (2009) : Summer ionic pollution of easterly cold wind (Yamase) fog at the Hachimantai mountain range in northern Japan, Int. J. Soc. Mater. Eng. Resour., Vol.16, p.1-4. 研究論文目録（2009） 66 Fujiwara, K., Kasaya, H. and Ogawa, N. (2009) : Gold nanoparticle monolayer formation on a chemically modified glass surface, Anal. Sci., Vol.25, p.241-8. Kikuchi, R., Takada, M., Hifumi, K., Yoshimura, K., Ozeki, T., Kimoto, T., Kajikawa, M. and Ogawa, N. (2009) : The degree of Cl-loss for the particle matter (PM) and Fog water sampled at the same air mass at the Hachimantai mountain range in northern Japan, Atmos Res., Vol.94, p.501-9. ⩵ᳰ⦟ᩕ㧘የ㑐 ᔀ㧘Ꮉା (2009)㧦㔵ߣ㔵ߩࠛࠕࡠ࠱࡞᳓ṁᕈᚑಽߣਇṁᕈᚑಽߩขࠅㄟߺᯏ᭴㧘 ಽᨆൻቇ㧘58 Ꮞ㧘197-209 㗁㧚 ┻ጊ⥰ሶ㧘⩵⦟ᩕ㧘ᾢ⼱ᱜೣ㧘ᄤ㊁ᢅ↵㧘የ㑐 ᔀ㧘⮮ේ৻ᒾ㧘ዊᎹା (2009)㧦ࡐ࠲ࡉ࡞ㄭ⿒ᄖಽ శಽᨆⵝ⟎ࠍ↪ࠆᲫ㜬ߩḨജߩ᷹ቯ㧘ಽᨆൻቇ㧘58 Ꮞ㧘667-73 㗁㧚 Li, H., Takahashi, Y., Kumagai, M., Fujiwara, K., Kikuchi, R., Yoshimura, N., Amano, T., Lin, J. and Ogawa, N. (2009) : A chemometrics approach for distinguishing between beers using near infrared spectroscopy, J. Near Infrared Spectrosc., Vol.17, p.69-76. ޟ࿖㓙ળ⼏ႎ๔㓸╬ޠ Li, C., Yamada, M., Itoh, S., Kondo, Y. and Hamada, F. (2009) : A hexameric wheel-shaped assembly based on upper and lower rim modified thiacalix[6]arene derivative, 10th International Conference on Calixarene Chemistry (Seoul, Korea), SL-2. Kondo, Y., Akama, M., Yamada, M., Shibayama, A. and Hamada, F. (2009) : High selective extraction of Pd and Zr cations based on thiacalix[6]arene derivatives, 10th International Conference on Calixarene Chemistry (Seoul, Korea), P-67. Yamada, M., Shimakawa, Y., Kondo, Y. and Hamada, F. (2009) : Supramolecular architecture based on rubidium complex of thiacalix[4]arene as a versatile S-donor, 10th International Conference on Calixarene Chemistry (Seoul, Korea), p-109. Shimakawa, Y., Yamada, M., Kondo, Y. and Hamada, F. (2009) : Supramolecular architecture of thiacalix[4]arene complex with cesium ion (Cs+), 10th International Conference on Calixarene Chemistry (Seoul, Korea), p-110. Hashitani, Y., Yamada, M., Kondo, Y., Shibayama, A. and Hamada, F. (2009) : The extractability of rare metals with diethylphosphatethiacalix[6]arene, 10th International Conference on Calixarene Chemistry (Seoul, Korea), p-123. Kondo, Y., Akama, M., Yamada, M., Shibayama, A. and Hamada, F. (2009) : Extraction behavior of Pd and Zr in the mix metal solution with thiacalix[6]arene derivatives, 1st International Conference on Cucurbiturils (Pohang, Korea), p-16. 67 Kondo, Y. and Hamada, F. (2009) : A highly sensitive probe detecting low pH area of living cell based on modified E-cyclodextrin, The 6th International Conference on Materials Engineering for Resources (Akita, Japan), p-105. Kondo, Y., Akama, M., Yamada, M., Itoh, S., Li, C., Shibayama, A. and Hamada, F. (2009) : Extractability of PGM from mixed metal solution with New Derivative of Thiacalix[6]arene, The 6th International Conference on Materials Engineering for Resources (Akita, Japan), p-288. Yamada, M., Shimakawa, Y., Kondo, Y. and Hamada, F. (2009) : Supramolecular assembly based on thiacalix[4]arene complex with rubidium ion (Rb+), The 6th International Conference on Materials Engineering for Resources (Akita, Japan), p-356. Shimakawa, Y., Yamada, M., Kondo, Y. and Hamada, F. (2009) : Synthesis and crystal structure of thiacalix[4]arene complex with cesium ions (Cs+), The 6th International Conference on Materials Engineering for Resources (Akita, Japan), p-361. Takeda, A., Matsumura, N., Kondo, Y., Akimoto, K. and Hamada, F. (2009) : Double stranded DNA discrimination by novel di-pyrene modified J-cyclodextrins, The 6th International Conference on Materials Engineering for Resources (Akita, Japan), p-364. Hashitani, Y., Yamada, M., Kondo, Y., Shibayama, A. and Hamada, F. (2009) : Extraction ability of rare metals with diethylphosphatethiacalix[6]arene, The 6th International Conference on Materials Engineering for Resources (Akita, Japan), p-368. 研究論文目録（2009） 68 ᧚ᢱᎿቇ⑼ ᧚ᢱ‛ᕈቇ⻠ᐳ ޟቇⴚ⺰ᢥ㓸 ቇදળޠ ⩲ේ⨃ᄦ㧘㎨↰⋥ᴦ (2009)㧦nဳGaP⚿᥏(111)㕙ߩNaOH᳓ṁᶧߦ߅ߌࠆࠕࡁ࠼ṁ⸃㧘ᣣᧄ㊄ዻቇળ㧘 73Ꮞ㧘8ภ㧘613-7㗁㧚 ⩲ේ⨃ᄦ㧘㜞ᯅਭᄦ㧘⍹၂ᱜ㧘ᓟ⮮ᄢテ㧘ዊᄢテ (2009)㧦Si(100)߅ࠃ߮(111)ၮ᧼ߦᕆㅦ⫳⌕ߐߖߚ Al ⭯⤑ߩ㈩ะᚑ㐳㧘ᣣᧄ㊄ዻቇળ㧘73 Ꮞ㧘12 ภ㧘906-12 㗁㧚 Wang, D. and Kodama, N. (2009) : Visible quantum cutting through downconversion in GdPO4:Tb3+ and Sr3Gd(PO4)3:Tb3+, J. Solid State Chem., Vol.182, p.2219-24. Tsujiuchi, Y., Furuya, K., Matsumoto, J., Makino, Y., Ito, M., Masumoto, H. and Goto, T. (2009) : Layer by layer composite film of dimyristoyl-phosphatidylcoline and bacteriorhodopsin fabricated by multilayer molecular thin film method using fatty acid and lipid, Thin Solid Films, Vol.518, p.600-5. ⎇ޟⓥᯏ㑐ႎ๔╬ޠ Tsujiuchi, Y., Furuya, K., Masumoto, H. and Goto, T. (2009) : Hydrogenated amorphous silicon film and electron transfer and its control in interface between the hydrogenated amorphous silicon film and organic color molecular thin film for design of bio molecular device, Annual Report on Collaborative Researches Advanced Research Center of Metallic Glasses, Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, p.15-6. ⍮⢻᧚ᢱቇ⻠ᐳ ޟቇળ⺰ᢥ㓸 ቇදળޠ Fu, Y., Ishio, S., Wang, T., Pei, W., Hasegawa, T., Yamane, H. and Saito, H. (2009) : Tuning interlayer coupling and domain structure in [Co/Pd]n Co/Ru [Co/Pd (x)]m multilayer by controlling the thickness x of the weak-ferromagnetic Pd layers in the lower Co/Pd multilayer, J. Appl. Phys., Vol.105, p.07C307. Wang, T., Wang, Y., Fu, Y., Hasegawa, T., Li, F. S., Saito, H. and Ishio, S. (2009) : A magnetic force microscopy study of the magnetic reversal of a single Fe nanowire, Nanotechnology, Vol.20, p.105707. Hasegawa, T., Miyahara, J., Narisawa, T., Ishio, S., Yamane, H., Kondo, Y., Ariake, J., Mitani, S., Sakuraba, Y. and Takanashi, K. (2009) : Study of ferro-antiferromagnetic transition in [001]-oriented L10 FePt1-xRhx film, J. Appl. Phys., Vol.106, p.103928. Fukumoto, M., Suzuki, T., Hara, M. and Narita, T. (2009) : Effect of the electrodeposition temperature on the cyclic-oxidation resistance of Ni aluminide containing Zr formed by molten-salt electrodeposition, Mater. Trans., Vol.50, p.335-40. 69 ޟ࿖㓙ળ⼏ႎ๔㓸╬ޠ Ishio, S., Hasegawa, T., Wang, T. and Pei, W. (2009) : In-coherent magnetization reversal in CoPt nano-dots studied by magnetic force microscopy, Digests of 20th International Colloquium on Magnetic Films and Surfaces (ICMFS 2009, Berlin, Germany), p.567-8. Hasegawa, T., Miyahara, J., Narisawa, T., Kondo, Y., Yamane, H., Ariake, J. and Ishio, S. (2009) : Fabrication of nano dot array by using ferro-antiferromagnetic transition in L10 FePtRh film, Digests of 20th International Colloquium on Magnetic Films and Surfaces (ICMFS 2009, Berlin, Germany), p.525-6. Yokota, T., Fukumoto, M. and Hara, M. (2009) : Formation of Ni-aluminide coating containing Zr by synchronous electrodeposition of Al and Zr and cyclic-oxidation resistance, The Sixth International Conference on Materials Engineering for Resources (Akita, Japan), p.452-5. ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ᧚ᢱቇ⻠ᐳ ޟቇળ⺰ᢥ㓸 ቇදળޠ Taimatsu, H., Sugiyama, S. and Komatsu, M., (2009) : Effect of Cr3C2 and VC on the microstructure and mechanical properties of WC-SiC whisker ceramics, Materials Transactions, Vol.50, p.2435-40. ᧖ጊ㊀ᓆ㧘ᵏ᧻ ᢧ (2009)㧦ࡄ࡞ࠬㅢ㔚႐ࡊࡠ࠶ࠪࡦࠣΣ㧙ታ↪᧚ᢱ࠺ࡃࠗࠬ߳ߩᔕ↪㧘⎬⾰᧚ᢱΤ 㧔ࡒ࠶ࠢࠬၮ᧚ᢱ㧕 㧔⸃⺑㧕㧘ࡑ࠹ࠕ࡞ࠗࡦ࠹࡚ࠣࠪࡦ㧘22 Ꮞ㧘11-8 㗁㧚 Lu, X. Y., Nagata, A., Sugawara, K., Watanabe, K., Nojima, T. and Chen, H. (2009) : Effect of the magnetic fields on microstructure and critical current properties of the Bi-2223 tapes, Physica C, Vol.469, p.1505-8. ⎇ޟⓥᯏ㑐ႎ๔╬ޠ Lu, X. Y., Sugawara, K., Watanabe, K. and Nojima, T. (2009) : Effect of the magnetic fields on microstructure and critical current properties of the Bi-2223 tapes, Annual Report on High Field Laboratory for Superconducting Materials, Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, p.38-41. ޟ࿖㓙ળ⼏ႎ๔㓸╬ޠ Taguchi, M. (2009) : High current-high capacity lead acid battery by using PbO2 nanoparticles and high conductive polymer, JST Guide Book of International Nanotechnology Exhibition & Conference, nano tech 2009 (Tokyo, Japan), p.37-38. Taguchi, M. and Nakayama, J. (2009) : Effect of partial reduction on methanol oxidation activities of Pt oxide catalyst, Proceedings of the sixth international Conference on Materials Engineering for Resources (Akita, Japan), p.386-391. Lu, X. Y., Yi, D., Chen, H., Nagata, A. and Sugawara, K. (2009) : Microstructure and superconducting properties of Bi-2223/Ag tapes fabricated in the pressing-melting-sintering process, 22nd International Symposium on Superconductivity (Tsukuba, Japan), p.221. 研究論文目録（2009） 70 Chen, H., Men, H., Kang, K. and Lu, X. Y., (2009) : Influence of microstructure on oxidation behavior of TiAl based alloys prepared by spark plasma sintering, Proceeding of 4th Asian Conference on Heat Treatment and Surface Engineering (Beijing, China), p.257-61. ᧚ᢱ㐿⊒Ꮏቇ⻠ᐳ ޟቇળ⺰ᢥ㓸 ቇදળޠ Ohsasa, K. and Miura, S. (2009) : Modeling of microstructure evolution in Nb-Si eutectic alloy using cellular automaton method, Materials Research Society, Vol.1128, p.1128-U07-02. Sasaki, M., Matsura, K., Ohsasa, K. and Ohno, M. (2009) : Refinement of As-cast austenite grain in carbon steel by addition of titanium, ISIJ International, Vol.49, p.1362-6. Sasaki, M., Matsura, K., Ohsasa, K. and Ohno, M. (2009) : Effect of addition of titanium and boron on columnar austenaite grain in carbon steel, ISIJ International, Vol.49, p.1367-71. Ohsasa, K. and Shirosawa, H. (2009) : Heat transfer analysis for solidifying ferrous multi-component alloys using computational thermodynamics, ISIJ International, Vol.49, p.1715-21. Ohguchi, K., Sasaki, K. and Aso, S. (2009) : Evaluation of time-independent and time-dependent strains of lead-free solder by stepped ramp loading test, Transactions of ASME, Journal of Electronic Packaging, Vol.131, p.021003-1 - 021003-7. ᄢญஜ৻㧘ᧁశᒾ (2009)㧦ᒁᒛࠅ߭ߕߺᜬ⹜㛎ߦࠃࠆ BAg8 ࠈ߁᧚ߩᒢ႟ᕈࠢࡊ․ᕈ⹏ଔ㧘 ṁធቇળ⺰ᢥ㓸㧘27 Ꮞ㧘1 ภ㧘96-103 㗁㧚 71 ᖱႎᎿቇ⑼ ੱ㑆ᖱႎᎿቇ⻠ᐳ ޟቇળ⺰ᢥ㓸 ቇදળޠ ᩊ↰ வ㧘ḡᎹ ፏ㧘ᶏ⾐ቁ㧘ᮮጊᵗਯ㧘₹ᧄ⧷ᄦ (2009)㧦りേ⸃⺑ࠦࡦ࠹ࡦ࠷ᚑࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ㧘ᣣ ᧄࡃ࠴ࡖ࡞ࠕ࠹ࠖቇળ⺰ᢥ㧘14 Ꮞ㧘3 ภ㧘265-74 㗁㧚 દ⮮᩶ઍ㧘↰ ⋿㧘⧣⢒㇢ (2009)㧦Balloon models ࠍ↪ߚ⍮∝⸻ᢿᡰេߩߚߩ⣖㗔ၞᴺ㧘 㔚᳇ቇળ⺰ᢥ C㧘129 Ꮞ㧘7 ภ㧘1435-43 㗁㧚 ᥊ጊ㓁৻㧘⮮㇚⏴㧘↰ ⋿ (2009)㧦ࡒࠢ࡞ࠍ⠨ᘦߒߚ NOAA-AVHRR ࠺࠲ߩࠢࠬಽ㘃ࠕ࡞ࠧ ࠭ࡓ㧘ᤋᖱႎࡔ࠺ࠖࠕቇળ㧘63 Ꮞ㧘3 ภ㧘339-48 㗁㧚 ᥊ጊ㓁৻㧘ᩊ↰ᥓᕺሶ㧘↰ ⋿㧘ዊ₹⧷ᐘ (2009)ࡦ࠼ࠨ࠶࠻ ETM+࠺࠲ࠍ↪ߚ㠽ᶏጊᴪጯᶏၞ ߦ߅ߌࠆਅ᳓ḝὐߩᬌ㧘ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓᓮᖱႎቇળ⺰ᢥ㧘22 Ꮞ㧘5 ภ㧘169-76 㗁㧚 ᥊ጊ㓁৻㧘ᚭႦᐽ⊥㧘⮮ℰⓄ㧘↰ ⋿㧘⊕Ỉᵗ৻㧘ᄢἏஜᄥ (2009)ੱ‛↹ߦ߅ߌࠆ㊀ⷐᐲ್ቯࠕ ࡞ࠧ࠭ࡓ㧘ᤋᖱႎࡔ࠺ࠖࠕቇળ㧘63 Ꮞ㧘9 ภ㧘1314-7 㗁㧚 ⮮ᘮᐘ㧘᥊ጊ㓁৻㧘↰ ⋿ (2009)ญໃߩേ߈․ᓽࠍ↪ߚ㕖ធ⸅ࠦࡑࡦ࠼ജࠗࡦ࠲ࡈࠚࠬߩឭ ᩺㧘㔚᳇ቇળ⺰ᢥ C㧘129 Ꮞ㧘10 ภ㧘1865-73 㗁㧚 ޟ࿖㓙ળ⼏ႎ๔㓸╬ޠ Shibata, T., Yukawa, T., Kaiga, T., Yokoyama, H. and Tamamoto, H. (2009) : A CG contents production system for explaining human motions in a digital museum, Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Materials Engineering for Resources (Akita, Japan), AP-27, p.334-9 (CD-ROM). Ito, M., Nishida, M. and Namura, I. (2009) : Extraction method of brain regions with balloon models for imaging diagnosis support of Alzheimer-type dementia, Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Materials Engineering for Resources (Akita, Japan), AP-25, p.324-7 (CD-ROM). Sato, Y., Kageyama, Y. and Nishida, M. (2009) : Proposal of command input interface using lip motion features, Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Materials Engineering for Resources (Akita, Japan), AP-24, p.318-23 (CD-ROM). Ishizawa, C. and Nishida, M. (2009) : Method for displaying false colors on the liquid crystal display by switching two colors, Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Materials Engineering for Resources (Akita, Japan), AP-20, p.298-301 (CD-ROM). ޟቇⴚ㑐ଥޠ ⍹㓷᮸㧘↰ ⋿ (2009)㧦㗻ᖱࠍኻ⽎ߣߒߚᗵᖱ․ᓽⓨ㑆ߩ↢ᚑ㨪ޟᔟ-ਇᔟޠ߮㉕ⷡޟᐲࠍޠᜰ ᮡߣߒߚᗵᖱߩቯ㊂ൻᚻᴺ㨪㧘↹ࡏ㧘20 Ꮞ㧘8 ภ㧘11-6 㗁㧚 研究論文目録（2009） 72 ↥ᬺᖱႎᎿቇ⻠ᐳ ޟቇળ⺰ᢥ㓸 ቇදળޠ Nyang, D. and Yamamura, A. (2009) : More efficient threshold signature scheme in gap Diffie-Hellman group, IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences, Vol E92-A, p.1720-3. ౝᶏንඳ㧘㊁ ା㧘⩲㊁テ㧘ⴕ᧻ஜ৻㧘ዊᨋ⌀ੱ㧘ᯅᧄ ੳ (2009)㧦࠺ࠖࡈ࡚ࠢࠪࡦ࡞࠴ࡦࠣࠍ ↪ߚࡃ࠶ࡈࠔࠬ࡞࠴ࡦࠣࡀ࠶࠻ࡢࠢߩታน⢻ᕈߦ㑐ߔࠆᬌ⸛㧘㔚ሶᖱႎㅢାቇળ⺰ ᢥ㧘92 Ꮞ㧘11 ภ㧘1741-9 㗁㧚 ޟ࿖㓙ળ⼏ႎ๔㓸╬ޠ Yamamura, A. (2009) : Quasicrystals and tiling semigroups, Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Materials Engineering for Resources (Akita Japan), B3-4, p.183-8 (CD-ROM). Takahashi, A., Igarashi, R., Ueda, H., Iwaya, Y. and Kinoshita, T. 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(2009) : Sweep-out flow of film condensation on vertical plates with horizontal grooves, Heat Transfer-Asian Research, Vol.38, p.135-40. ޟ࿖㓙ળ⼏ႎ๔㓸╬ޠ Hasegawa, H. and Takahashi, K. (2009) : Behavior of synthetic jet in a crossflow, Proc. of the 7th Pacific Symposium on Flow Visualization and Image Processing (Kaohsiung, Taiwan) (CD-ROM). ⎇ޟⓥᯏ㑐ႎ๔㓸╬ޠ ᄢᅢ ⋥ (2009)㧦ഃㅧ⢻ജߩ⢒ᚑߦߟߡ㧘⑺↰ᄢቇᎿቇ⾗Ḯቇㇱ⎇ⓥႎ๔㧘30 ภ㧘41-4 㗁㧚 ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ⸳⸘⻠ᐳ ޟቇળ⺰ᢥ㓸 ቇදળޠ Tanaka, M., Ono, J., Sakashita, M. and Kato, R. (2009) : Fractal dimension of grain-boundary fracture for characterization of high-temperature fracture in heat-resistant alloys, ISIJ International, Vol.49, No.8, p.1229-38. 㐳✽ᄢ㧘ᐔరᒾ㧘ฎ⼱ੱ㧘ᷦ⼱ ༹㧘 ⧷ቄ(2009)㧦࠽ࡁࡕ࡚ࠪࡦࠕࠢ࠴ࡘࠛ࠲ߦኻߔࠆ PID ᓮེߩ⸳⸘㧘ᣣᧄᯏ᪾ቇળ⺰ᢥ㓸 C ✬㧘75 Ꮞ㧘754 ภ㧘1770-6 㗁 ⍹Ꮉኡሶ㧘ጟ ẖ㧘㐳✽ᄢ㧘⧐㊁⚐ᴦ㧘⧯ᨋ⾆ᄦ㧘ᷰㆻ⌀㧘ౝ⮮ጪੱ (2009)㧦ࠗ࠙ࠬ࠴ࡘࡉࠍ↪ ߚዊ⣺ౝ⸘᷹ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩ㐿⊒㧘ᣣᧄᯏ᪾ቇળ⺰ᢥ㓸 C ✬㧘75 Ꮞ㧘756 ภ㧘2359-61 㗁㧚 Seki, T., Oka, K., Naganawa, A., Yamashita, H., Kim, K. and Chiba, T. (2009) : Blood flow measurement system for fetoscopic laser photocoagulation of chorionic plate anastomosing vessels (FLPC), Minimally Invasive Therapy and Applied Technologies, Vol.18, Issue 6, p.350-5. Mori, S., Sato, Y., Sakurada, A., Naganawa, A., Shibuya, Y. and Obinata, G. (2009) : Nano-motion stage for high speed and precision positioning on an X-Y plane, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol.45, No.11, p.4972-8. Takahashi, M., Harada, Y., Kamiya, O. and Ohyoshi, T. (2009) : A new method to prevent delamination of diamond films synthesized by the three-step method using combustion flame, Journal of Solid Mechanics and Materials Engineering, Vol.3, No.6, p.853-64. 75 ዊ᧻༑⟤㧘⩲ේᓕᵗ㧘⮮ኡᚽ㧘⮮↰ ᔘ (2009)㧦⚿ࠕ࡞ࡒ࠾࠙ࡓ❫⛽ࡅ࠻ࠪࡦࠢߩવᾲᕈ⢻ታ㛎㧘 ᣣᧄ಄ಓⓨ⺞ቇળ⺰ᢥ㓸㧘26 Ꮞ㧘3 ภ㧘217-24 㗁㧚 ޟ࿖㓙ળ⼏ႎ๔㓸╬ޠ Tanaka, M., Kato, R., Nakagawa, Z. and Sasaki, K. (2009) : Microstructure control by heat treatments and creep-rupture properties in a wrought nickel-base heat-resistant alloy, Proceedings of 17th International Federation for Heat Treatment and Surface Engineering Congress 2008, Journal of the Japan Society for Heat Treatment, Vol.49, Special Issue 2009, p.537-40. Mori, S., Sato, Y., Sakurada, A., Naganawa, A., Shibuya, Y. and Obinata, G. (2009) : Nano-motion stage for high speed and precision positioning on an X-Y plane, Asia-Pacific Magnetic Recording Conference 2009 (APMRC2009), Digest of APMRC 2009 DA-1. Mori, S., Sato, Y., Sakurada, A., Naganawa, A., Shibuya, Y. and Obinata, G. (2009) : 2D nano-motion actuator for precise track follow, The 2009 ASME/JSME Joint Conference on Micromechatronics for Information and Precision Equipment (MIPE 2009), p.293-94. Seki, T., Oka, K., Naganawa, A. and Chiba, T. (2009) : Development of minimally invasive laser device using composite-type optical fiberscope of 1.1mm in diameter, World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Vol.25, p.79-82. Miura, K. (2009) : Reflection response from a finite plane crack lying in elastic half-space subjected to SH periodic impact load, Proc. of Int. Conf. on Mater. Eng. for Resources ICMR 2009 AKITA (Akita, Japan) (CD-ROM). Takahashi, M., Kamiya, O. and Ohyoshi, T. (2009) : Synthesis of diamond films on tungsten carbide surface by step synthesis method using combustion flame, Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Materials Engineering for Resources (Akita, Japan), p.502-7. ޠᦠ⪺ޟ Tanaka, M. and Kato, R. (2009) : Chapter 5: A novel fractography for investigation of the fatigue fracture process in materials, Fatigue crack growth: mechanics, behavior and prediction, edited by Alphonse F. 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(2009) : Vacuum evaporation of CdTe thin films on Ni-deposited sapphire single crystal substrates and effects of the Cd/Te ratio on their properties, 19th International Photovoltaic Science and Engineering Conference (Jeju, Korea), p.114. Yamaguchi, R. (2009) : Security applications of liquid crystal film with plural latent images (Invited), SPIE Photonics West 2009-OPTO (San Jose, USA), Vol.7232, p.72320Q-1-8. Yamaguchi, R. and Ogura, M. (2009) : Photo-degradation and detection in liquid crystal cells using focused laser beam (Invited), The 17th Active-Matrix Flatpanel Displays and Device (Nara, Japan), 4-1, p.53-4. Yamaguchi, R. and Ogura, M. (2009) : Photostability evaluation of liquid crystal cell under a focused blue-violet laser beam, The 26th Conference on Photopolymer Science and Technology (Chiba, Japan), B4-09, 81 p.533-6. Yamaguchi, R. and Ogura, M. (2009) : Real time detection of photo degradation in liquid crystal cells (Invited), The 13th JPN-KOREA Int. Symp. on Advanced Display Materials and Devices 2009, ADMD 2009 (Hiroshima, Japan), SII-8, P.51. Yamaguchi, R. and Xiong, L. (2009) : Enhanced optical properties in reverse mode polymer dispersed liquid crystals with super twisted nematic orientation, The 13th Topical Meeting on the Optics of Liquid Crystals (Erice, Italy), O30. Yamaguchi, R. and Xiong, L. (2009) : Reverse mode polymer dispersed liquid crystals with twisted orientation, 16th International Display Workshops (Miyazaki, Japan), LCTp4-5L, p.1034. Kawamura, M., Goto, H. and Sato, S. (2009) : Transient properties of a liquid crystal lens with multiple divided circularly hole patterned electrodes, International Symposium on Optomechatronics Technologies ISOT 2009 (Istanbul), 978-1-4244-4210-2/09/, p.1-4. Kawamura, M. (2009) : Applications of a liquid crystal lens with functions of a variable focal length and beam steering (Invited), 2009 Annual Meeting of ROC Taiwan Liquid Crystal Society (Hsinchu, Taiwan), OP01, p.13. ⍮⢻ᖱႎㅢାᎿቇ⻠ᐳ ޟቇળ⺰ᢥ㓸 ቇදળޠ Imano, K. and Kondou, M. (2009) : Detecting pipe wall reduction using air-coupled MHz range ultrasonic wave, IEICE Electronics Express, Vol.6, p.613-7. ↰ਛరᔒ㧘 ᶈ㧘ᣂጊ༑༹ (2009)㧦⽎㑐ㅪ㔚ߦࠃࠆ↹ຠ⾰⹏ଔߩߚߩ⺖㗴ߦ㑐ߔࠆታ㛎⊛ᬌ ⸛㧔⎇ⓥㅦႎ㧕㧘 ᤋᖱႎࡔ࠺ࠖࠕቇળ㧘63 Ꮞ㧘2 ภ㧘222-4 㗁㧚 ↰ਛరᔒ㧘ਛፉᕺሶ㧘 ᶈ㧘ᣂጊ༑༹ (2009)㧦⽎㑐ㅪ㔚ߦࠃࠆ↹ຠ⾰⹏ଔߩߚߩ⺖㗴ߦ㑐ߔ ࠆታ㛎⊛ᬌ⸛㧔ߘߩ㧞㧕 㧔⎇ⓥㅦႎ㧕 㧘ᤋᖱႎࡔ࠺ࠖࠕቇળ㧘63 Ꮞ㧘12 ภ㧘1815-7 㗁㧚 ↰ਛరᔒ㧘ਛፉᕺሶ㧘 ᶈ㧘ᣂጊ༑༹㧘㜞ᯅ ᔀ㧘ᾢ⼱ೣ㧘⑺ጊ⟤ዷ (2009)㧦ERP ࠍᜰᮡߣߒߚ㘩 ຠ⹏ଔߦ㑐ߔࠆታ㛎⊛ᬌ⸛ ̆ኼม↹ࠍ↪ߚᅢߺ⹏ଔ̆㧔⎇ⓥㅦႎ㧕㧘↢කᎿቇ㧘47 Ꮞ㧘 6 ภ㧘623-7 㗁㧚 Kayano, Y. and Inoue, H. (2009) : Prediction of EM radiation from a PCB driven by a connected feed cable, IEICE Transactions on Communications, Vol.E92-B, No.6, p.1920-8. Fukuda, M. and Imano, K. (2009) : Detection of a second harmonic ultrasonic component generated from a fastened bolt using a double-layered piezoelectric transducer, IEICE Electronics Express, Vol.6, p.1438-43. 研究論文目録（2009） 82 Miyanaga, K., Kayano, Y., Takagi, T. and Inoue, H. (2009) : Effect of heating value on contact diameter at low speed breaking contact (L.), IEICE Transactions on Electronics, Vol.E92-C, No.8, p.1020-2. ޟቇⴚ㑐ଥޠ ㊁ᒾ (2009)㧦᧼ᵄ(Lamb ᵄ)ࠍ↪ߚႣ⤑ᒻᚑㆊ⒟ߩ৻⹏ଔᴺ㧘ႣⵝᎿቇ㧘44 Ꮞ㧘8 ภ㧘292-300 㗁㧚 ㊁ᒾ (2009)㧦㖸ᵄࠍ↪ߚࡄࠗࡊਛߢߩࠟࠗ࠼ᵄߩ⊒↢ 㧩MHz Ꮺⓨਛ㖸ᵄߩ㕖⎕უ⹜㛎߳ߩᔕ ↪㧩, 㖸ᵄ TECHNO㧘21 Ꮞ㧘6 ภ㧘95-9 㗁㧚 㜞ᯅᄥ㧘 ᶈ (2009)㧦ᔃᜉᄌേߦࠃࠆ VDT ᬺ⠪ߩࠬ࠻ࠬ∋ഭߩቯ㊂⊛ᬌ⸛㧘Ꮏቇ⾗Ḯቇㇱ ⎇ⓥႎ๔㧘30 ภ㧘1-7 㗁㧚 ޟ࿖㓙ળ⼏ႎ๔㓸╬ޠ Obara, H. (2009) : Extended class of reduced crossbar switches, International Conference on Advanced Technologies for Communications (Hanoi, Vietnam). Kayano, Y. and Inoue, H. (2009) : Prediction of EM Radiation from a Printed Circuit Board Driven by Differential-Signaling, Proceedings of International Conference on Electronic Packaging (ICEP2009, Kyoto, Japan), 16B-1-5-4, p.144-9. Kayano, Y. and Inoue, H. (2009) : Transmission and Coupling Characteristics of Transmission Lines in IC Chip, Proceedings of International Symposium on EMC (EMC'09/ Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan), 23Q2-4, p.591-4 (CD-ROM). Kayano, Y. and Inoue, H. (2009) : EM radiation from interconnected surface-microstrip line structures by a coaxial cable, Proceedings of 2010 IEEE EMC Symposium (Austin, USA), WE-AM-2-4, p.51-6 (CD-ROM). Kayano, Y. and Inoue, H. (2009) : Characteristics of EM radiation from a PCB driven by feed-cable, Proceedings of 2009 Korea-Japan Joint Conference on AP/EMC/EMT (Incheon, Korea), p.219-22. Fukuda, M. and Imano, K. (2009) : Second harmonic detection generated from fastened bolt, 30th International Symposium on Acoustical Imaging (AI30, Monterey, USA), No.24, p.24. Fukuda, M. and Imano, K. (2009) : A novel detection system for second harmonic ultrasonic pulse waves using bonded ring type double-layered piezoelectric transducer, The 6th International Conference on Materials Engineering for Resources (ICMR2009, Akita, Japan), AP-28, p.36. Fukuda, M., Yoshida, K. and Imano, K. (2009) : Detection of second harmonic ultrasonic components generated from fastened bolts, The 13th Asia-Pacific Conference on Non-Destructive Testing (APCNDT2009, Yokohama, Japan), PS7-3, p.149. 83 Kai, Y., Hamada, K., Miao, Y. and Obara, H. (2009) : Design of partially-asynchronous parallel processing elements for setting up Benes networks in O(logN) time, International Conference on Photonics in Switching, Pisa, Italy. Hayashi, Y., Sugawara, T., Kayano, Y., Homma, N., Mizuki, T., Satoh, A., Aoki, T., Minegishi, S., Sone, H. and Inoue, H. (2009) : An analysis of information leakage from a cryptographic hardware via common-mode current, Proceedings of International Symposium on EMC (EMC'09/ Kyoto, Kyoto Japan), 21-P1-5, p.17-20 (CD-ROM). Komakine, T., Kurosawa, T. and Inoue, H. (2009) : A novel method of electric field estimation by using spherical dielectric scatterer, Proceedings of the 2009 International Symposium on EMC (EMC'09/ Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan), 21R3-2, p.173-6 (CD-ROM). Kiso, T., Iwaki, T., Kasuga, T. and Inoue, H. (2009) : Modification of FDTD-MAS method for EMI estimation with surrounding large objects in analytical space, Proceedings of the 2009 International Symposium on EMC (EMC'09/ Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan), 23P1-1, p.509-11 (CD-ROM). Yanagisawa, R., Kayano, Y. and Inoue, H. (2009) : Left-handed transmission line characteristics made by F-SIR structure on PCB, Proceedings of International Symposium on EMC (EMC'09/ Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan), 23P3-3, p.645-8 (CD-ROM). Miyanaga, K., Kayano, Y., Takagi, T. and Inoue, H. (2009) : A study on length and diameter of bridge related with holder heat capacity, Proceedings of 9th International Session on Electro-Mechanical Devices (Tokyo, Japan), EMD2009-70, p.5-8. Hanawa, S., Miyanaga, K., Kayano, Y. and Inoue, H. (2009) : Current fluctuation measurement for breaking contact at transient period from bridge to arc, Proceedings of 9th International Session on Electro-Mechanical Devices (Tokyo, Japan), EMD2009-103, p.145-8. Miyanaga, K., Kayano, Y., Takagi, T. and Inoue, H. (2009) : A study on relationship between contact temperature and bridge shape at low speed breaking contact, Proceedings of 3rd International Conference on Reliability of Electrical Products and Electrical Contacts 2009 (Wenzhou, China), p.58-62. ޠᦠ⪺ޟ ᶈ㧘⪟㊁⦟᮸ (2009)㧦EMC 㔚⏛ⅣႺቇࡂࡦ࠼ࡉ࠶ࠢ㧔ಽᜂၫ╩㧕 㧘ਃ᧻㧚 ᓮࠪࠬ࠹ࡓᎿቇ⻠ᐳ ޟቇળ⺰ᢥ㓸 ቇදળޠ Miura, T., Matsuo, K. and Taniguchi, T. (2009) : Prevention of missteps in stopping process of a stepping motor on high-speed drive, IEEJ Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Vol.4, No.4, p.581-3. 研究論文目録（2009） 84 ޟቇⴚ㑐ଥޠ Miura, T., Matsuo, K. and Taniguchi, T. (2009) : Analysis of affective factors of colored three-dimensional shapes, Electronics and Communications in Japan, Vol.92, No.5, p.41-54. ޟ࿖㓙ળ⼏ႎ๔㓸╬ޠ Miura, T., Mitobe, K., Kaiga, T., Yukawa, T., Taniguchi, T. and Tamamoto, H. (2009) : Extraction of characteristic postures in a dance by statistical analysis of a database of motion data, ACM SIGGRAPH2009 (New Orleans, USA), Posters, 17A. Miura, T., Mitobe, K., Kaiga, T., Yukawa, T., Taniguchi, T. and Tamamoto, H. (2009) : Qualitative evaluation of quantitative dance motion data, ACM SIGGRAPH ASIA 2009 (Yokohama, Japan), Posters, Article No.9. Miura, T., Yukawa, T., Kaiga, T., Taniguchi, T. and Tamamoto, H. (2009) : Analysis of dancing motion using the human-body model with skeletal structure, International Symposium: Human Body Motion Analysis with Motion Capture (Kyoto, Japan), p.65-78. Matsuo, K., Miura, T. and Taniguchi, T. (2009) : An implementation of IP network-based speed control of a small DC motor using a partial model matching method, 2009 CACS International Automatic Control Conference (Taipei, Taiwan), SaC07, 00230. ޠᦠ⪺ޟ ਃᶆ ᱞ (2009)㧦ዊᒻࡕ࠲ߩ↪ㅜᕈ⢻ะ߅ࠃ߮⹏ଔᛛⴚ㧔2.2 ࠬ࠹࠶ࡇࡦࠣࡕ࠲ߩ࿁ォሶᝄേᛥ 㧕㧔ಽᜂၫ╩㧕㧘㔚᳇ቇળዊᒻࡕ࠲ߩ↪ㅜᕈ⢻ะ߅ࠃ߮⹏ଔᛛⴚ⺞ᩏኾ㐷ᆔຬળ✬㧘 14-7 㗁㧚 85 ᧁⅣႺᎿቇ⑼ ⅣႺᎿቇ⻠ᐳ ޟቇળ⺰ᢥ㓸 () ቇදળޠ ↰ญ⑲↵㧘ᧁ৻㧘ᣣ㊁ ᥓ㧘ᧁౝ ⍓ (2009)㧦ᣇㇺᏒߦ߅ߌࠆࠞࠪࠚࠕࡦࠣ↪ߩᓇ㗀ⷐ࿃ߣ ዉน⢻ᕈߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ㧘ㇺᏒ⸘↹⺰ᢥ㓸㧘44-3 ภ㧘517-22 㗁㧚 ↰ญ⑲↵㧘ᧁ৻㧘ᣣ㊁ ᥓ (2009)㧦ⷰశࡏࡦ࠹ࠖࠕࠟࠗ࠼ߦࠃࠆኻဳᖱႎឭଏߩ⹏ଔߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ ⓥ㧘ⅣႺᖱႎ⑼ቇ⺰ᢥ㓸㧘23 ภ㧘379-84 㗁㧚 Hagiwara, T., Hamaoka H., Yaegashi, T., Miki, K, Ohshima, I. and Naito, M. (2009) : Estimation of time lag between right-turning vehicles and pedestrians approaching from the right side, Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No.2069, p.65-76. Hamaoka, H. and Shikanai, T. (2009) : Characteristics based on the slippery road information system by utilizing the taxi probe data, Technical Papers of the Conference of Intelligent Transport Systems, Vol.16 No.3297, 8 pages (CD-ROM). ᵿጟ⑲ൎ㧘↰ஜ (2009)㧦⥄ォゞߩⴕ⟎ᄌᦝߦࠃࠆోᕈะߩലᨐ⸘᷹㧘ㅢᎿቇ⎇ⓥ⊒ળ⺰ ᢥ㓸㧘29 ภ㧘9-12 㗁㧚 ㋈ᧁ ℂ㧘ᵿጟ⑲ൎ (2009)㧦ାภಾᦧᖱႎߩ₪ᓧߦࠃࠆࠫࡦࡑ࠱ࡦ࿁ㆱߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ㧘ᧁ⸘↹ቇ ⎇ⓥ⺰ᢥ㓸㧘26 Ꮞ㧘5 ภ㧘855-64 㗁㧚 ⪤ේ ੧㧘ᵿጟ⑲ൎ㧘ਛᨋᤘ৻㧘ᵿญ㓷ᤐ㧘↰⇌ⷐテ㧘㋈ᧁൎ⟤ (2009)㧦ᮮᢿᱠⴕ⠪㧙ฝ᛬ゞ㑆ߩ DSRC ㅢାᕈ⢻⹏ଔߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ㧘╙ 8 ࿁ ITS ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ⺰ᢥ㓸㧘4 ภ㧘163-8 㗁㧚 ޟ࿖㓙ળ⼏ႎ๔㓸╬ޠ Hamaoka, H. (2009) : Evaluation of the speed reduction features by the road surface condition at the expressway, Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Freeway Operations (Hawaii, USA). ޠᦠ⪺ޟ ᄢᯅஜ৻㧘ᩉỈศ㧘㜞ጯ▵ᄦ㧘ᧁޘᕺ৻㧘ᣣ㊁ ᥓ㧘᛬↰ੳౖ㧘ች⣶ᒄ㧘Ỉㄖ↵ (2009)㧦ㅢࠪ ࠬ࠹ࡓᎿቇ㧔ಽᜂၫ╩㧕 㧘ࠦࡠ࠽␠㧚 ⅣႺ᭴ㅧᎿቇ⻠ᐳ ޟቇળ⺰ᢥ㓸 () ቇදળޠ ┻ᤩ㧘Ꮉ ᵰ㧘ੑ⼱ᢎᴦ㧘᧻ጟ ᥓ (2009)㧦㜞ᒝᐲ❫⛽ᒝࡕ࡞࠲࡞ߩၒ⸳ဳᨒ↪ߣࠬ࠻ ࠶ࡊ᧚ߦ㍑᧼߹ߚߪ CFRP ᧼ࠍ↪ߚή㋕╭ࠦࡦࠢ࠻ᐥ ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ㧘ࡔࡦ࠻ࠦࡦ ࠢ࠻⺰ᢥ㓸㧘62 ภ㧘476-84 㗁㧚 研究論文目録（2009） 86 ട⾐⼱⺈㧘ේᐽᄦ㧘ၔ㐷⟵༹ (2009)㧦⎬✵ࠅࠦࡦࠢ࠻ߩⓨ᳇ㅪⴕ․ᕈߣಓ⚿Ⲣ⸃ᛶ᛫ᕈߦ㑐ߔࠆ ታ㛎⊛⎇ⓥ㧘ࠦࡦࠢ࠻Ꮏቇ⺰ᢥ㓸㧘20Ꮞ㧘3ภ㧘21-31㗁㧚 ᓼ㊀⧷ା㧘ฎ ፏ㧘Ꮉ ᵰ (2009)㧦㉄ൻ࠴࠲ࡦᷙࡕ࡞࠲࡞߅ࠃ߮ࡐࠬࠦࡦࠢ࠻ߩࡔ࠴ࡦ ࡉ࡞Ḩᑼಽ⸃ᕈ⢻ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ㧘ࠦࡦࠢ࠻Ꮏቇᐕᰴ⺰ᢥ㓸, 31 Ꮞ㧘1753-58 㗁(CD-ROM)㧚 ᄢ㤥ደା⧷㧘ᓟ⮮ᢥᒾ㧘⾆ᧁޘା㧘㐳⼱ㇱ⮍ (2009)㧦㍑᧼ᝌ㓸ᚑ᧚ߩߖࠎᢿᕈ⢻㧘᭴ㅧᎿቇ⺰ᢥ㓸㧘 55A Ꮞ㧘925-31 㗁 (CD-ROM)㧚 ජ↰⍮ᒄ㧘⾆ᧁޘା㧘ᓟ⮮ᢥᒾ㧘⭯ᧁᓕਃ㧘㘵ፉᵏ↵ (2009)㧦㍑᧼ᝌ㓸ᚑ᧚ߩߖࠎᢿᔕജߦ㑐ߔࠆ ታ㛎ߣ FEM ⸃ᨆ㧘᭴ㅧᎿቇ⺰ᢥ㓸㧘55A Ꮞ㧘932-42 㗁 (CD-ROM)㧚 ජ↰⍮ᒄ㧘⾆ᧁޘା㧘⭯ᧁᓕਃ㧘ᓟ⮮ᢥᒾ㧘◉ේ⟵ೣ (2009)㧦ᡰ㑆ਛᄩߦ⛮ᚻㇱࠍᜬߟⷺᒻ㍑▤ࡂࠗࡉ ࠶࠼ᧁᩴߩ FEM ߦࠃࠆᕈ⢻੍᷹㧘╙ 8 ࿁ᧁᯅᛛⴚߦ㑐ߔࠆ⺰ᢥႎ๔㓸㧔ోᢥክᩏㇱ㐷㧕㧘 149-60 㗁㧚 ၔ㐷⟵༹㧘ട⾐⼱⺈㧘㥲⮮ᙗኼ (2009)㧦ḨẢᦼ㑆ߩ⇣ߥࠆࠦࡦࠢ࠻ߩ࠾ࠝࠗࡦࠨߦࠃࠆ㙃↢ലᨐߩ ⹏ଔ㧘ࠦࡦࠢ࠻Ꮏቇᐕᰴ⺰ᢥ㓸㧘31Ꮞ㧘1ภ㧘1669-74㗁 (CD-ROM)㧚 ၔ㐷⟵༹㧘ട⾐⼱⺈㧘㥲⮮ᙗኼ㧘Ꮣᣉ㓁 (2009)㧦᥉ㅢ߅ࠃ߮㜞Ἱࠬࠣᓸ☳ᧃࠍ↪ߒߚࠦࡦࠢ࠻ ߩ࠾ࠝࠗࡦࠨࠍ↪ߚ㙃↢ലᨐߩ⹏ଔ㧘ࡔࡦ࠻ࠦࡦࠢ࠻⺰ᢥ㓸㧘63 ภ㧘212-8 㗁㧚 ޟቇⴚ㑐ଥޠ ട⾐⼱⺈㧘ၔ㐷⟵༹㧘㘵 ᒎ (2009)㧦Ἣጊ␕ࠍ↪ߚࠦࡦࠢ࠻ߩⅣႺ⺞․ᕈߣᣉᎿ㧘ࠦࡦࠢ ࠻Ꮏቇ㧘47Ꮞ㧘3ภ㧘32-8㗁㧚 ⎇ޟⓥᯏ㑐ႎ๔ޠ Bier, T., Stolte, B., Tokushige, H. and Kawakami, M. (2009) : Anwendung von mörtel und beton mit zeolith, Baustoffe Steine und Erden, Umweilt - Neue Aspekte zu Produkten, Genehmigungen, Technik und Bewertung, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, p.43-52. ޟ࿖㓙ળ⼏ႎ๔㓸╬ޠ Kawakami, M., Omata, F. and Ono, S. (2009) : The advanced countermeasures of prevention for concrete pieces falling at concrete structures in Japan, Proceedings of the 6th Asian Symposium on Polymers in Concrete (Shanghai, China), p.177-82. Matsuoka, S., Hoshida, N, Ohtomo, H. and Kawakami, M. (2009) : Structural characteristics of resin concrete ditch cover plate, Proceedings of the 6th Asian Symposium on Polymers in Concrete (Shanghai, China), p.466-71. Tokushige, H., Kameshima, H., Kawakami, M. and Bier, T. A. (2009) : Effect of use of natural zeolite as a mineral admixture and an aggregate on physical properties of cement mortar and porous concrete, Proceedings 87 of the 4th International Conference on Construction Materials: Performance, Innovations and Structural Implications (Nagoya, Japan), p.1231-36. Tokushige, H., Kawakami, M. and Bier, T. A. (2009) : Physical and mechanical properties of porous concrete using natural zeolite, Proceedings of the 17th International Baustofftagung - ibauil (Weimar, Germany), Vol.2, p.483-8. Shirokado, Y., Kagaya, M. and Saito, N. (2009) : Experimental studies on evaluation of curing effect of blast-furnace slag cement concrete by using odor sensor, Proceedings of International Conference on Materials Engineering for Resources ICMR 2009 AKITA (Akita, Japan), p.456-61(CD-ROM). ޠᦠ⪺ޟ ട⾐⼱⺈ (2009)㧦ࠦࡦࠢ࠻⸻ᢿ჻วᩰᔅ៤㧘2009 ᐕ 㧔ಽᜂၫ╩㧕 㧘ᛛⴚᦠ㒮㧚 ᓟ⮮ᢥᒾ (2009)㧦⦟ࡊࡦ ᖡࡊࡦ㧘ࠞ࠶࠻ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ㧚 ၞⅣႺᎿቇ⻠ᐳ ޟቇળ⺰ᢥ㓸 () ቇදળޠ ኻ㚍㓷Ꮖ㧘ਃ↰ਯ㧘Ꮉ ᵗ㧘⩆㊁ବኡ㧘⧎↰ᥓ⑺㧘⮮ ဋ (2009)㧦ࠧࡒṁⲢࠬࠣߣጤ࠭ߩᷙ วߦࠃࠆᣂߚߥ⋚߅ࠃ߮〝⋚᧚ᢱߦߟߡ㧘╙ 8 ࿁ⅣႺ⋚Ꮏቇࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ⺰ᢥ㓸㧘 297-302 㗁㧚 ጟᧄᙗഥ㧘᧻౷⧷ᄦ (2009)㧦ᵤᵄ᳚Ửᵹㅦߩ◲ᤃផቯᴺߦ㑐ߔࠆၮ␆⊛⎇ⓥ㧘ᧁቇળ⺰ᢥ㓸 B2㧔ᶏጯ Ꮏቇ㧕㧘B2-65 Ꮞ㧘1 ภ㧘296-300 㗁㧚 ᧻౷⧷ᄦ (2009)㧦ᵤᵄ᳚Ửᵹߦࠃࠆᵹജ߳ߩേߩነਈߣṫᵹ‛ߩⴣ⓭ജߩ⏕₸ಽᏓ㧘ᧁቇળ⺰ᢥ㓸 B2㧔ᶏጯᎿቇ㧕㧘B2-65 Ꮞ㧘1 ภ㧘836-40 㗁㧚 Matsutomi, H. (2009) : Method for estimating collision force of driftwood accompanying tsunami inundation flow, Journal of Disaster Research, Vol.4, No.6, p.435-40. ᅏਈᔒᒄ㧘ේ↰⾫ᴦ㧘Edison Gica㧘㜞ᯅᥓᐘ㧘ବ৻㧘㋈ᧁㅴ๋㧘ᴡ↰ᗆᤘ (2009)㧦1994 ᐕࡈࠖࡇ ࡦࡒࡦ࠼ࡠ㔡ᵤᵄἴኂߦ߅ߌࠆᓳ⥝ኻ╷ߩ㐳ᦼ⊛ലᨐߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ㧘㔡Ꮏቇ⺰ᢥ㓸㧘30 Ꮞ㧘637-44 㗁㧚 ₹↰ ፏ㧘↰ 㧘㜞ᯅᥓᐘ㧘ᧁޘర (2009)㧦ᴡᎹߢߩᵤᵄ㒐ἴᬌ⸛ߦ߅ߌࠆᵤᵄ⒖േᐥࡕ࠺࡞ߩㆡ ↪ᕈߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ㧘ᶏጯᎿቇ⺰ᢥ㓸㧘56 Ꮞ㧘301-5 㗁㧚 Takahashi, T., Koshimura, S., Harada, K., Suzuki, S., Okumura, Y. and Kawata, Y. (2009) : Tsunami disaster assessment in the southwestern pacific countries due to giant earthquakes near Japan, Safety and Security Engineering III, WIT Press, p.495-516, doi:10.2495/SAFE090611. 研究論文目録（2009） 88 ⩆㊁ବኡ㧘㜞ᯅ⾆ਯ㧘Ꮉ ᵗ㧘ਃ↰ਯ㧘ኻ㚍㓷Ꮖ (2009)㧦ࡌࡦ࠳ࠛࡔࡦ࠻⹜㛎߅ࠃ߮➅ߒタ ⩄⹜㛎ߦࠃࠆ㜞ᯏ⾰ߩߖࠎᢿᒢᕈଥᢙ㧘⋚Ꮏቇࠫࡖ࠽࡞㧘4 Ꮞ㧘1 ภ㧘125-33 㗁㧚 ⎇ޟⓥᯏ㑐ႎ๔ޠ ᧻౷⧷ᄦ (2009)㧦2007ᐕ917ᣣᵩ᳓ߩ㒙ੳ೨↰ߢߩ᳚Ửߦߟߡ㧘⑺↰ᄢቇᎿቇ⾗Ḯቇㇱ㒝ዻၞ㒐ἴ ജ⎇ⓥࡦ࠲ႎ๔㧘3ภ㧘13-20㗁㧚 ޟ࿖㓙ળ⼏ႎ๔㓸╬ޠ Tsushima, M., Mitachi, T., Oikawa, H. and Ogino T. (2009) : Ground improvement material obtained by mixing waste melting slag with slaked lime, Proceedings of the Twin Coimbra International Conferences on Civil Engineering and the Concrete Future, p.CE-129-32. Matsutomi, H., Fujii, M. and Yamaguchi, T. (2009) : Experiments and development of a model on the inundated flow with floating bodies, Proceedings of the 31st Intl. Conf. on Coastal Engineering, ASCE (Hamburg, Germany), Vol.2, p.1458-70. Takahashi, T. and Kumagai, Y. (2009)㧦Hydraulic experiment on shoaling process of navigation channel in port due to tsunamis, AOGS 6th Annual General Meeting (Singapore) (CD-ROM). Nishihata, T., Goto, K, Tajima, Y., Takahashi, T. and Imamura, F. (2009) : A study for the sediment transport due to tsunami along the natural coast, Coastal Dynamics (Tokyo, Japan) (CD-ROM). Takahashi, T. (2009)㧦Tsunami hazard assessment by using numerical simulation, The Second International Conference on Asian Catastrophe Insurance (Beijing, China) (CD-ROM). ޠᦠ⪺ޟ 㜞ᯅᥓᐘ (2009)㧦ᵤᵄ߆ࠄ↢߈ᱷࠆ ߘߩᤨ߹ߢߦ⍮ߞߡ߶ߒߎߣ㧔ಽᜂၫ╩㧕 㧘ᧁቇળ㧚 Takahashi, T. (2009)㧦TSUNAMI to survive from tsunami, World Scientific, Advanced Series on Ocean Engineering, (ಽᜂၫ╩), Singapore. 89 㒝ዻⅣႺ⾗Ḯቇ⎇ⓥࡦ࠲ ޟቇળ⺰ᢥ㓸 ቇදળޠ Kato, S., Fujimaki, R., Ogasawara, M., Wakabayashi, T., Nakahara, Y. and Nakata, S. (2009) : Oxygen storage capacity of CuMO2 (M= Al, Fe, Mn, Ga) with a delafossite-type structure, Applied Catalysis B, Vol.89, p.183-8. ጊၔ ፏ㧘⮮ኡᰴ㧘㊁ᱜᐘ㧘ਛ↰⌀৻ (2009)㧦Mg2+ࠗࠝࡦ឵ࠢࡁࡊ࠴ࡠࠗ࠻ߦࠃࠆ 1,4-ࠫࡅ࠼ ࡠࡇࠫࡦ㘃ߩ H2O2 ㉄ൻ߮ήṁᇦ࿕⋧ࠛࠬ࠹࡞㉄ಽ⸃ߦࠃࠆ 3,5-ࡇࠫࡦࠫࠞ࡞ࡏࡦ㉄ߩ วᚑ㧘YAKUGAKU ZASSHI㧘129 Ꮞ㧘10 ภ㧘1249-54 㗁㧚 ㊁ᱜᐘ㧘⮮ኡᰴ㧘ਛ↰⌀৻㧘ାᄦ (2009)㧦ࡈࠠዻᬀ‛ߩࠬࠠ࠹࡞ࡍࡦ㘃㧘⚛᧚‛ᕈቇળ㧘36 Ꮞ㧘1/2 ภ㧘1-7 㗁㧚 ᧻⪲⼱ᴦ㧘ጤ↰ ፋ㧘㜞㗇৻ᑝ㧘㋈ᧁ ൎ㧘Ꮉේ⼱ᶈ㧘⍹ጊᄢਃ (2009)㧦᳓⚛㧘㉄⚛หᲧ߆ࠄߺߚ ߩጨᾲ⊒㔚ᚲᾲ᳓ߩ․ᓽߣਅߢߩേ㧘ᣣᧄᾲቇળ㧘31 Ꮞ㧘95-106 㗁㧚 ⍹ේ⥮ਃ㧘⍹ጊᄢਃ㧘⮮Ყᄹሶ㧘ᶈᐽ (2009)㧦⪇ධ㧘ᣣᧄ㧘ࡏࡆࠕߦ߅ߌࠆ⧯ᐓߩၸⓍጤ㧘Ἣᚑ ጤ㘃ߩᓸ㊂ࠗࡦࠫ࠙ࡓ㊂ߦߟߡ㧘⾗Ḯ⾰㧘59 Ꮞ㧘219-22 㗁㧚 Saito, H., Ikeya, H., Egawa, G., Ishio, S. and Yoshimura, S. (2009) : Magnetic force microscopy of alternating magnetic field gradient by frequency modulation of tip oscillation, Journal of Applied Physics, Vol.105, p.07D524-1-3. Jha, V. K. and Hayashi, S. (2009) : Modification on natural clinoptilolite zeolite for its NH4+ retention capacity, J. Hazard. Mater., Vol.169, p.29-35. Hayashi, S., Onoe, J., Ebina, K. and Kodama, N. (2009) : Electrophoretic deposition/infiltration of natural zeolite particles on/into various substrates, Key Engineering Materials., Vol.412, p.119-23. ⇐㜞 (2009)㧦ኻ⥄ὼߦ߅ߌࠆޛり⊛ਥᕈߩޜ㗴̆̆ࠨࡉࠪࠬ࠹ࡦࠬഭߣߩ㑐ㅪߦ߅ߡ㧘ࠛ ࡦ࠻ࡠࡇቇળ㧘╙ 67 ภ㧘1-7 㗁㧚 Yamamoto, O., Ohira, T., Alvarez, K. and Fukuda, M. (2009) : Antibacterial characteristics of CaCO3-MgO composites, Materials Science and Engineering B, DOI: 10.1016/j.mseb.2009.12.007. Yamamoto, O., Alvarez, K., Kikuchi, T. and Fukuda, M. (2009) : Fabrication and characterization of oxygen-diffused titanium for biomedical applications, Acta Biomaterialia, Vol.5, p.3605-15. Hiroi, M., Rokkaku, T., Matsuda, K., Hisamatsu, T., Shigeta, I., Ito, M., Sakon, T., Koyama, K., Watanabe, K., Nakamura, S., Nojima, T., Nakano, T., Chen, L., Fujiwara, T., Uwatoko, Y., Manaka, H. and Terada, N. (2009) : Ferromagnetism and spin-glass transitions in the Heusler compounds Ru2-xFexCrSi, Physical 研究論文目録（2009） 90 Review B, Vol.79, p.224423-1-10, 10 pages. ޟቇⴚ㑐ଥޠ ਛ↰⌀৻㧘ട⮮⚐㓶㧘ዊ═ේᱜ (2009)㧦ಽᨆ⹏ଔᛛⴚ㐷㧘NMR Ԙ ේℂߣⵝ⟎᭴ᚑ㧘PETROTECH㧘 32 Ꮞ㧘2 ภ㧘143-6 㗁㧚 ਛ↰⌀৻㧘ട⮮⚐㓶㧘ዊ═ේᱜ (2009)㧦ಽᨆ⹏ଔᛛⴚ㐷㧘NMR ԙ ࿕ NMR ᴺ㧘PETROTECH㧘 32 Ꮞ㧘3 ภ㧘217-24 㗁㧚 ศ ື (2009)㧦ࠬࡄ࠶࠲ࡦࠣᴺࠍ↪ߡߒߚ⭯⤑ߦ߅ߌࠆᚑ⤑㔓࿐᳇ࡊࡠࠬߩᓮߦࠃࠆ⭯ ⤑ᓸ⚦᭴ㅧߩᓮ㧨⸃⺑㧪㧘⌀ⓨࠫࡖ࠽࡞㧘126 ภ㧘14-21 㗁㧚 ޟ࿖㓙ળ⼏ႎ๔㓸╬ޠ Ogasawara, M., Amamoto, Y., Horiuchi, H., Kato, S. and Nakata, S. (2009) : Synthesis of Nb-containing mesoporous materials with bimodal pores from layered perovskite type potassium niobium oxyfluoride, International Symposium on Zeolites and Microporous Crystals (ZMPC2009), p.1-17. Kato, S., Sato, H., Ogasawara, M., Nakata, S., Wakabayashi, T. and Nakahara, Y. (2009) : Oxygen storage behavior of delafossite-type CuLnO2 (Ln=La, Y), The 6th International Conference on Materials Engineering for Resources (ICMR2009, Akita, Japan), Proceedings, p.406-7. Wakabayashi, T., Nakahara, Y., Ogasawara, M., Kato, S. and Nakata, S. (2009) : Mechanism of deactivity in Rh catalysts, The 6th International Conference on Materials Engineering for Resources (ICMR2009, Akita, Japan), Proceedings, p.408-9. Ogasawara, M., Amamoto, Y., Horiuchi, H., Kato, S. and Nakata, S. (2009) : Synthesis and Characterization of Nb-containing mesoporous materials from layered perovskite type potassium niobium oxyfluoride, The 6th International Conference on Materials Engineering for Resources (ICMR2009, Akita, Japan), Proceedings, p.410-1. Yamashiro, T., Sato, K., Nomura, M., Ogasawara, M., Kato, S. and Nakata, S. (2009) : H2O2 oxidation of 1,-dihydropyridines over Mg2+ ion exchanged clinoptilolite and solventless solid state acid decomposition of ester to 3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid, The 6th International Conference on Materials Engineering for Resources (ICMR2009, Akita, Japan), Proceedings, p.371-2. Egawa, G., Yoshimura, S., Miyazawa, T., Li, G. Q. and Saito, H. (2009) : High resolution MFM imaging of in-plane magnetic field gradients using transient oscillation for perpendicular magnetic recording media, The 6th International Conference on Materials Engineering for Resources (ICMR2009, Akita, Japan), Proceedings, p.345-9. Yamamoto, O. (2009) : Development of ITO ink for ink-jet printing: evaluation of the novel ink, Proceedings of the 16th International Display Workshops, FMC4-1, 4 Pages (CD-ROM). 91 ⎇ޟⓥᯏ㑐ႎ๔╬ޠ ਛ↰⌀৻㧘ട⮮⚐㓶㧘ዊ═ේᱜ㧘ᅏේᢅᄦ㧘ᓮ↢⺈ (2009)㧦࿕ NMR ߦࠃࠆࡋ࠹ࡠࡐ㉄⸅ᇦߩ᭴ ㅧᔕ႐⸃ᨆ㧘⑺↰ᄢቇ㋶ᬺඳ‛㙚㧘42 ภ㧘4-16 㗁㧚 ਛ↰⌀৻㧘ട⮮⚐㓶㧘ዊ═ේᱜ㧘ᘕ৻ (2009)㧦シᴤߩᷓᐲ⣕ᵹࡊࡠࠬ↪࠴࠲࠾ࠕ♽⸅ᇦߩ㐿⊒, ⑺↰ᄢቇ㋶ᬺඳ‛㙚㧘42 ภ㧘17-33 㗁㧚 ⍹ጊᄢਃ (2009)㧦ભᑄᱛ㋶ጊㄝߩ㊀㊄ዻ╬ኂర⚛ߩಽᏓߣ⒖േ࿕ቯᯏ᭴ߩ⸃㧘ᣣᧄ㋶ᬺᝄ⥝ળഥ ᚑ⎇ⓥᚑᨐႎ๔ᦠ㧘21-5 㗁㧚 Jha, V. K. and Hayashi, S. (2009) : Utilization of Akita’s clinoptilolite zeolite for the production of cation exchangers and geopolymers, Scientific and Technical Reports of Faculty of Engineering and Resource Science, Akita University, No.30, p.35-40. Sakon, T., Nagashio, H., Endo, K., Kanomata, T. and Nojiri, H. (2009) : High field magnetism of novel functional transition alloys, 2009 Annual Report of High Field Laboratory for Superconducting Materials, Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, p.84-6. ⧷᮸㧘ዊ↰㊁⋥శ㧘ㄭౝ♿ሶ㧘Ỉ↰ஜ৻㧘ᵻశผ (2009)㧦ᄙሹ⾰⃯⾰⚛᧚ࠍ↪ߚኻේሶജᣉ⸳ ἴኂ↪✢ㆤ⭁᧚ߩ㐿⊒㧘ᶖ㒐㒐ἴ⑼ቇᛛⴚ⎇ⓥ㐿⊒㓸 II㧘✚ോ⋭ᶖ㒐ᐡ㧘91-8 㗁㧚 ޠᦠ⪺ޟ ᨋ ṑ↢ (2009)㧦ࡒ࠶ࠢࠬߩౖ㧘VIII ⹏ଔᛛⴚ㧦ኒᐲ㧘᳇ሹ₸㧔ಽᜂၫ╩㧕 㧘ᦺୖᦠᐫ㧚 研究論文目録（2009） 92 ኾㅢ ⎇ޟⓥᯏ㑐ႎ๔╬ޠ ဝ߭ࠈߺ (2009)㧦ࠬࡍࠗࡦߩࡑࠗࠢࡠࠢࠫ࠶࠻ߪ“ᚻᲑ”߆“⋡⊛”߆㧘⑺↰ᄢቇᎿቇ⾗Ḯቇㇱ⎇ⓥႎ๔㧘 30 ภ㧘9-14 㗁㧚 ဝ߭ࠈߺ㧔↳⩄㤀㧘ਛ࿖⺆⸶㧕(2009)㧦ࠣࡒࡦ㌁ⴕࠍ⍮ߞߡ߹ߔ߆㧘ዊ㗵ା⾉ᛔ⽺㧘60 ᦼ㧘6-8 㗁㧚 ဝ߭ࠈߺ㧘ࡁ࠭࡞ࠗࠬࡓ࠴࡚࠙࠼㧔↳⩄㤀㧘ਛ࿖⺆⸶㧕(2009)㧦⽺࿎Ꮺߩ⾂⫾ߣㆮ↥㧦ᅚᕈ ߩᗧ⼂ߣⴕേ㧘ዊ㗵ା⾉ᛔ⽺㧘61 ᦼ㧘30-8 㗁㧚 ޠᦠ⪺ޟ ဝ߭ࠈߺ (2009)㧦ࠊࠇࠄኅᣖ 㨪৻ᐲߪ⚻㛎ߒߚ࿖㓙㛎㐷✬㨪㧔✬⪺㧕㧘ㆆⴕ␠㧚 93 ᐔᚑ ᐕᐲඳ჻⺰ᢥ㗴⋡ࠬ࠻ ⾗Ḯቇኾ ⮮Ყᄹሶ 㧦 Ἣጊᕈᒝ㉄ᕈᾲ᳓ߩᾲ᳓ᓴⅣࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߣర⚛ߩḮ㧘ㆇ៝㧘ᴉᲚᯏ᭴ ᯏ⢻‛⾰Ꮏቇኾ ᄢᐔ ବ 㧦 ࡒ࠶ࠢࠬߩ⚿᥏ቇ⊛․ᕈ߇᛫⩶ᵴᕈߦ߷ߔᓇ㗀ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ ጊ↰ ቇ 㧦 Supramolecular assembly formation and its functionality based on thiacalix[n]arene complexes with metal cations㧔࠴ࠕࠞ࠶ࠢࠬ[n]ࠕࡦ-㊄ዻ㍲ࠍၮߦߒߚಽሶ 㓸วᒻᚑ߮ᯏ⢻․ᕈ㧕 ጊᧄ ⡡ 㧦 ಽሶࠪࡖࡍࡠࡦⶄวߩ↢ℂᯏ⢻ߩ⸃ ᷰㄝ 㓉ᐘ 㧦 ࡈࠠࡁ࠻࠙ߩ᛫⢈ḩലᨐߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ ↢↥ᑪ⸳Ꮏቇኾ ዊ᧻ ༑⟤ 㧦 ᳖ጀߩ᷷ᐲỚᐲⶄวⲢ⸃ߦ㑐ߔࠆવᾲቇ⊛⎇ⓥ 㔚᳇㔚ሶᖱႎࠪࠬ࠹ࡓᎿቇኾ દ⮮ ᩶ઍ 㧦 MR ⣖↹ߩ⪜❗₸ߦ⌕⋡ߒߚ⍮∝↹⸻ᢿᡰេᚻᴺߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ ች᳗ 㧦 㔚᳇ធὐߩᾲ↪ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ ⮮ ᘮᐘ 㧦 ญໃߩേ߈․ᓽࠍ↪ߚജࠦࡑࡦ࠼ߩ⼂ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ 94 ᐔᚑ ᐕᐲୃ჻⺰ᢥ㗴⋡ࠬ࠻ ⾗Ḯቇኾ 㕍ᩉ ብ 㧦 ࿖ౝᱷሽᴤ↰ߦ߅ߌࠆࠟࠬᴺ߅ࠃ߮ WAG ᴺࠍ↪ߚᴤჇㅴ࿁ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ ᳰ↰ ⦟ᐔ 㧦 ᣂߒ㔚⏛តᩏⵝ⟎ߩ㐿⊒ ᐙᶈ 㧦 ᡆૃ⸥㍳ᴺߦࠃࠆ᪉ፉἫጊߩᵻㇱ᭴ㅧࠗࡔࠫࡦࠣ የᒻ テ 㧦 ⑺↰⋵ᴪጯㇱߦಽᏓߔࠆᦝᣂ⛔ߩጀᐨߣᐕઍ ጊ ⋥᮸ 㧦 ୃᱜ Wasp ᴺߦၮߠߊᷙว☸ሶᓘࠬߩャㅍ⸳⸘ 㜟ᧁ ᴰ⟤ 㧦 ࠝࠬ࠻ࠕߩጀࠍኻ⽎ߣߒߚࠦ࡞ࡌ࠶࠼ࡔ࠲ࡦࠟࠬߩჇㅴ࿁ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ ⓥ Ṛญ ᖘᄥ 㧦 ⭯ጀ▤ℂኈᤃဳደ✛ൻࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩᢿᾲ಄ළᯏ⢻ߦ߷ߔ᳇⽎ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ․ᕈߩᓇ 㗀 ┻ౝ ┨ੱ 㧦 ጤᚻ⋵ችฎᏒ㐷ጤߩࠕ࠳ࠞࠗ࠻⾰ᵹ⚉ጤἫᚑᵴേߦ߁ Fe-Cu ㋶ൻ↪ߣ↢ᚑⅣ Ⴚ ↰ጊ ᜏ 㧦 ⇣⒳☸ሶࠬᵹേߩ↹⸃ᨆ࠺࠲ࠍ↪ߚ Hunt ᴺߩᬌ⸽ ወ㚍 Ꮧ 㧦 ੱᎿ㔡តᩏߦࠃࠆᆨ⦟ࠞ࡞࠺ߩ᭴ㅧߩ⎇ⓥ ਛᎹ ᕡᐔ 㧦 ㆊ 1800 ਁᐕ㑆ߩᶋㆆᕈሹ⯻ൻ⍹⟲㓸ߦ߽ߣߠߊᄥᐔᵗߩฎᶏᵗⅣႺᄌㆫ ᐔỈ 㧦 㛽᧚ߩࠕ࡞ࠞࠪࠞᔕᕈߦ㑐ߔࠆጤ⋚ౝಽᏓߣᔕଦㅴ߅ࠃ߮ᛥ‛⾰ߩ․ቯ ⮮ୖ ⽕↵ 㧦 ࡉ࠶ࠢࠝࠗ࡞ࡕ࠺࡞߅ࠃ߮ࠦࡦࡐࠫ࠶࡚ࠪ࠽࡞ࡕ࠺࡞ߦࠃࠆ᳓ṁᕈᄤὼࠟࠬ↰㐿 ⊒ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ ☨Ỉ ᣂ 㧦 ᴉ㒠ᕈࠬᵹേ⸃ᨆࡕ࠺࡞ߩ᭴▽ߣャㅍ⸳⸘ ᧁ ⋥ผ 㧦 ᴺ㔡តᩏࠍ↪ߚ᪉ፉἫጊߩਅ᭴ㅧតᩏ 95 ⅣႺ‛⾰Ꮏቇኾ દ⼺ේผሶ 㧦 Mizoribinen ߩࡅ࠻ HSP60 ߦ߅ߌࠆ㒖ኂᯏ᭴ߩ⸃ ᄥ 㧦 Ǫ-PbO2 ࠍᒻᚑߒߚ㋦㔚⸃ណข↪ Pb-Ag ว㊄ࠕࡁ࠼ߩ㔚⸃․ᕈ ᳯญ ᜏિ 㧦 ࿕⋧ᴺߦࠃࠆ BaTiO3 ᓸ☸ሶߩ⺞ࡊࡠࠬ⸃ᨆ ᄢਅ ື↢ 㧦 ࠪࡘࡌ࡞࠻ࡑ࠽ࠗ࠻ߩࡦ㉄ๆ⌕߳ߩᔕ↪ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ ᄢ㜞 ᒄⴕ 㧦 N-ࠕ࡞ࠠ࡞⟎឵ࠕࡒ࠼ߩᷙว‛߅ࠃ߮㊀วߩ᳓߳ߩṁ⸃േ ዊ㊁ኹⷡผ 㧦 ࠬ࡞ࡎࡦ㉄ࠗࠝࡦ࡛߮࠙ൻ‛ࠗࠝࡦࠍߔࠆ╙྾⚖ࠝ࠾࠙ࡓႮࡅ࠼ࡠࠥ࡞ߩ⤘Ả ᕈ የᒛ ஜ 㧦 ູ㘃ಽሶࠪࡖࡍࡠࡦ HSP70 ߩᯏ⢻⸃ᨆ ৻ᧁޘ᮸ 㧦 ጀ⁁ࡍࡠࡉࠬࠞࠗ࠻ဳ K2 NbO3 F ߆ࠄᓧࠄࠇࠆࡔ࠰᭴ㅧࠍ⸅ᇦߣߒߡ↪ߚࡊࠦ ࡦ I ߩวᚑ ⮮ 㚅ᄹ 㧦 HuH7 ⚦⢩߳ߩ㖸ᵄᾖߦࠃࠆ HO-1 ߮ HSP72 ߩ⺃ዉ ፉᎹ ⦟ᢥ 㧦 ࠴ࠕࠞ࠶ࠢࠬࠕࡦࠪ࠙ࡓ㊄ዻ㍲ߩ⚿᥏᭴ㅧ⸃ᨆ ᐣม ┨ 㧦 Ⴎൻㆶరើ⊒ᴺߦࠃࠆᏗዋర⚛ߩಽ㔌࿁ᛛⴚߩ㐿⊒ ᱞ↰ ⨒ 㧦 ੑ⟎឵ࡇࡦୃ㘼ǫ-ࠪࠢࡠ࠺ࠠࠬ࠻ࡦߩੑᧄ㎮ DNA ⋧↪ ┻ጊ ⥰ሶ 㧦 ࡐ࠲ࡉ࡞ㄭ⿒ᄖಽశಽᨆⵝ⟎ࠍ↪ߚ㜬ߩᲫ⡼☨⩻ߩ◲ᤃ᳓ಽ᷹ቯ ↰ ትኼ 㧦 ࡍࡊ࠴࠼ߦࠃࠆ㊄࠽ࡁ☸ሶߩࠠ࠹ࠖߩ⊒ߣߘߩࠠࡖࠢ࠲࡚ࠪࡦ ᳗ଐ㉿ሶ 㧦 MCM-41 ࠍᜂߣߔࠆࠦࡃ࡞࠻⸅ᇦߩ⺞ߣ FT ᔕ߳ߩㆡᔕᕈ ⧐⾐ ৻ኼ 㧦 ᶋㆆㆬ㋶ᴺࠍ↪ߒߚ㌃㋶⍹ਛ Enargite ߩㆬᛯ㒰 ┵⼱ 㓶 㧦 ࡦ㉄ࠫࠛ࠴࡞ࠛࠬ࠹࡞࠴ࠕࠞ࠶ࠢࠬ[6]ࠕࡦߩࠕࡔ࠲࡞ᝒ⢻ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ ⓥ ᤊ㊁ ᤩม 㧦 ࡐ㧔N-ࠗ࠰ࡊࡠࡇ࡞ࠕࠢ࡞ࠕࡒ࠼㧕㊀ว᳓ṁᶧߩṁ⸃ᕈߦኻߔࠆ㊀ว᭴ㅧ ߩᓇ㗀 ᧻Ꮉ 㓷⑲ 㧦 ᷷ߥಣℂߦࠃࠆૐຠߩᶧൻߣߘߩࠟࠬൻ߳ߩᔕ↪ ੫ 㧦 Ⱟశ࠲ࡦࡄࠢ⾰Ⲣวนṁൻ GP64 ߩ᭴▽ ㊤ テ 㧦 ⚦⢩ౝ߳ዉߒߚᯏ⢻ൻ㊄࠽ࡁ☸ሶߩ㡆శᢔੂߩࠗࡔࠫ ᄢ㊁ శᓼ 㧦 ᶖἫེߣ㒐Ἳ‛ຠߩࠨࠗࠢ࡞ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⺞ᩏ⎇ⓥ ዊ㊁ኹቁ৻ 㧦 ⑺↰⋵ߩᄢ᳇ⅣႺࠍᒻᚑߔࠆⷐ࿃ߦߟߡ ᨰፒን⾆ሶ 㧦 ㇢ẟߩ᳓⾰ోߦ㑐ߔࠆ⺞ᩏ⎇ⓥ Ꮏ⮮ ൎ 㧦 ᷷ᥦൻࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ㗴ߩኻ╷ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⺞ᩏ ⩲ේ ᒄഥ 㧦 㔐ਛ⾂⬿ߩᷡ㈬ຠ⾰ߣ⋭ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡߦਈ߃ࠆലᨐߩ⎇ⓥ 平成21年度修士論文題目リスト 96 ᧚ᢱᎿቇኾ દ⮮ ⦟ᖗ 㧦 ᳓⚛ൻࠕࡕ࡞ࡈࠔࠬࠪࠦࡦߦⓍጀߒߚ 7-ࡅ࠼ࡠࠠࠪ-4-ࡔ࠴࡞ࠢࡑࡦࠬ࠹ ࠕࡦ㉄ⶄว⭯⤑ߩቯᕈߣಽሶᢙᲧߩ⋧㑐 દ⮮ 㧦 㔚᳇ൻቇ⣣㘩ࠢࡊ⹜㛎ߦࠃࠆ⚐ Pb ࠣ࠶࠼ߩࠣࡠࠬേߩ⸃ ఽ₹ ዏਯ 㧦 TiC ߅ࠃ߮ TiN ࡒ࠶ࠢࠬߩ㜞᷷㉄ൻ 㥲⮮ ⡡ 㧦 ࡄ࡞ࠬ⏛႐ශട⏛᳇ജ㗼ᓸ㏜ߩ⹜ ᧁޘᤘ༑ 㧦 ⎬⾰☸ሶలߡࠎṁធߢᒻᚑߒߚ⎬ൻ⡺⋓ጀߩ⹏ଔ ⊕ ஜᄥ 㧦 ㋦⫾㔚ᳰ↪ Pb ၮว㊄ࠣ࠶࠼ߩࠣࡠࠬേߦ߷ߔว㊄ర⚛ߥࠄ߮ߦ⚿᥏⚵❱ߩ ᓇ㗀 ㋈ᧁ ਗ਼ 㧦 ⁁ࠨࡔ࠶࠻☸ሶ㍌ߋࠆߺ᧚ߩ 4 ὐᦛߍ⹜㛎ߦࠃࠆᒝᐲ⹏ଔ ౷ᮯ Ꮧ 㧦 Ni ၮว㊄߳ߩ Ni ࠕ࡞ࡒ࠽ࠗ࠼㧛Ni-Hf ൻว‛ 2 ጀࠦ࠹ࠖࡦࠣߩߣߘߩ⠴ ㉄ൻᕈ ౷⼱ ᱜ 㧦 ṁⲢႮ㔚ᨆᴺߦࠃࠆ Y㧘Ce ࠍ Ni ࠕ࡞ࡒ࠽ࠗ࠼⤑ߩߣߘߩ⠴ࠨࠗࠢ࡞㉄ൻᕈ ችỈ ⠢ 㧦 ⏛᳇ജ㗼ᓸ㏜ߦ߅ߌࠆ㜞ᰴ⏛႐൨㈩⸘᷹ߣ FePt ߩត㊎߳ߩ৻ᣇะᕈᚑ⤑ߦࠃࠆ㜞ಽ ⸃⢻ൻ ੫ テ 㧦 Ti-W-C ♽ࡒ࠶ࠢࠬߩวᚑߣߘߩᯏ᪾⊛ᕈ⾰ ጊญ ม 㧦 WB ⎬⾰ࡒ࠶ࠢࠬߩวᚑߣߘߩᯏ᪾⊛ᕈ⾰ ᮮ↰ ᔒ 㧦 Al ߣᵴᕈ㊄ዻߩหᤨ㔚ᨆߦࠃࠆᵴᕈ㊄ዻࠍ Ni ࠕ࡞ࡒ࠽ࠗ࠼㕙ጀߩᒻᚑߣߘߩ ⠴ࠨࠗࠢ࡞㉄ൻᕈ ഏ 㧦 ㅢ㔚ട⚿ߦࠃࠆ W-Mo-C ⶄวߩวᚑߣߘߩᯏ᪾⊛ᕈ⾰ 97 ᖱႎᎿቇኾ 㒙ㇱ ⺬ᐔ 㧦 ࠕࠬࡍࠢ࠻ᜰะࠍ↪ߚࠗࡦ࠲ࠢ࠹ࠖࡉߥࠕ࠾ࡔ࡚ࠪࡦߦࠃࠆࡊࡠ࠻࠲ࠗࡇࡦ ࠣ ᧲ ↱⟤ 㧦 ⚻ᤨ߅ࠃ߮ᔃℂᄌൻߦ࿃ߔࠆญໃߩേ߈․ᓽ⸃ᨆߣߘߩᬌߦ㑐ߔࠆᬌ⸛ ⍹Ꮉ ᮸ 㧦 ࠺࠲❗ࠕ࡞ࠧ࠭ࡓࠍ↪ߚᢥᦠߩ㘃ૃᐲ᷹ቯ ᄢ⥪⾫ผ㇢ 㧦 ↹․ᓽࠍ⠨ᘦߒߚᖱ᥊↹ߦ߅ߌࠆ⋴᧼ౝᢥሼ㗔ၞߩࠕ࡞ࠧ࠭ࡓߦ㑐ߔ ࠆᬌ⸛ ㊁ ஜ 㧦 ㄭ〒㔌ή✢ㅢାࠍ↪ߚࡈࠠࠪࡉ࡞ㅢࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩ⹏ଔࠪࡒࡘ࡚ࠪࡦߩ ᬌ⸛ 㥲⮮ ᶈม 㧦 ᐢၞ႐↪᳓〝ߦ߅ߌࠆή✢ LAN ࠍᵴ↪ߒߚ᳓ᖱႎขᓧࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ᭴▽ߦ㑐ߔࠆᬌ ⸛ ⮮ ℰⓄ 㧦 ᭴࿑ᖱႎߦࠃࠆሽᗵࠍ⠨ᘦߒߚ․ቯੱ‛್ߦ㑐ߔࠆᬌ⸛ ᩊ↰ᥓᕺሶ 㧦 ࡕ࠻ࡦࠪࡦࠣ࠺࠲ߦࠃࠆ㠽ᶏጊᴪጯᶏၞߦ߅ߌࠆਅ᳓ḝὐߩᬌߣ ․ᓽ⸃ᨆ ⥪ ᴺቁ 㧦 ࠙ࠚࡉࡉ࠙ࠩࡌࠬߩࡏࡦ࠹ࠖࠕࠦࡦࡇࡘ࠹ࠖࡦࠣࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩឭ᩺ ⊕ ᨰ 㧦 ࠬࠠࡖࡦ࠹ࠬ࠻ߦ߅ߌࠆࠪࡈ࠻േߩᛥߦࠃࠆᶖ⾌㔚ജᷫ 98 平成21年度修士論文題目リスト ᯏ᪾Ꮏቇኾ ᵻ ㊁ 㧦 บᒻಳಲࠍߔࠆᐔⴕᐔ᧼㑆ᵹ〝ᵹࠇߦ߅ߌࠆജ៊ᄬߣᾲવ㆐ ⍹ᴛ ᓼ⑲ 㧦 ಓ⚿Ⲣ⸃㗴ߩᢙ୯⸃ᴺ ጤᷨ ᐙ 㧦 FES ࠍ૬↪ߒߚࡄࡢࠕࠪࠬ࠻ⵝౕߩ㐿⊒ 㥱⮮ ືᦶ 㧦 㕖ធ⸅ࡦࠨߣ࠾ࡘ࡞ࡀ࠶࠻ࡢࠢࠍ↪ߚਅု⿷↪ FES ⵝ⟎ߩ㐿⊒ ⮮ ⋥ 㧦 ࿁ォߔࠆߔߩᄖ㕙ࠍߔࠆᶧ⤑ᵹࠇߩᵹേ․ᕈ ㊁ ๋ 㧦 ゲဳਛᾲ឵ེߩᾲߦ߁ਃᰴరવᾲ⸃ᨆ 㑐ญ 㧦 ࿕ቯ⎎☸ဳ࠳ࠗࡗࡕࡦ࠼࠰ࡢࠗࡗߩ㐿⊒ߣฦ⒳⚛᧚ߩಾᢿ․ᕈ ⼾↰ ᜏ 㧦 ࠗࡦ࠺ࡘࠨઃ߈ᵹ〝ߩᏗ⭯᳇ᵹࠦࡦ࠳ࠢ࠲ࡦࠬ ਛ ື 㧦 3 ゲടㅦᐲࡦࠨࠍ↪ߚࠧ࡞ࡈࠬࠗࡦࠣ⸻ᢿࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩ᭴▽ 㦮 㓷ੱ 㧦 ᄙ▤ဳਛᾲ឵ེᣇᑼߩណᾲᕈ⢻ Ⴅ ⑲ 㧦 ↢ᐳࡃࡦࠬᜬࡔࠞ࠾࠭ࡓߩࡕ࠺࡞ൻ㧦ᓮೣߣりࡄࡔ࠲୯ߩหᤨផቯ ධ ᔒ 㧦 ᬀ‛ᩮߩ⸘᷹ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ ችਅ⌀৻ᦶ 㧦 ዉ㔚ᕈ☸ሶಽᢔ᮸⢽ߩ㔚᳇ᯏ᪾ㅪᚑ․ᕈߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ ↰ ᶈ 㧦 ᳓ᵒࠢࡠ࡞ᵒᴺߦ߅ߌࠆㆇേ⸃ᨆߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ ᴰ 㧦 ⇣ߥࠆ〝㕙⁁ᴫࠍㆇォߒߚ࠼ࠗࡃߩᔃᜉ⸘᷹ߣ⸃ᨆ ጊ㦮 ৻↢ 㧦 ⊒㔚ᑼᝄേᛥⵝ⟎ߩታ↪ൻߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ ศේ ᧂ⚓ 㧦 ✂⤑ߩࡕ࠺࡞ߦࠃࠆᗵᕈߩ⹏ଔ ೨↰ ᕺ 㧦 ዊဳࡠࠤ࠶࠻ߩ 3 ᰴరㆇേ⸘᷹ߦ㑐ߔࠆၮ␆⎇ⓥ ᧲ᶏᨋዏੱ 㧦 ⏛႐ᔕ᧚ᢱߩേ․ᕈߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ ᳗Ỉ ᕺℂ 㧦 ⑺↰ᄢቇᎿቇ⾗Ḯቇㇱㅴቇߦ߅ߌࠆᄖ⊛ⷐ࿃ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⺞ᩏ⎇ⓥ 99 㔚᳇㔚ሶᎿቇኾ ᾢ ┙ဗ 㧦ࡃࠬ࠲ࠗࡊ㜞ಽሶಽᢔဳᶧ᥏⚛ሶߩ․ᕈᡷༀߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ ⿷┙ ⌀ 㧦 ࿕ࡊ࠭ࡑ⭯᧼ߦ߅߆ࠇߚ TE ࡕ࠼ࠨࡉࡒᵄ⺃㔚✢〝ߩવ៝․ᕈ દ⮮ 㓶ᐔ 㧦 ੑጀᒻࡄ࠲ࡦ㔚ᭂ᭴ㅧࠍߔࠆᶧ᥏ࡦ࠭ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ ⾆㓶 㧦 ࠨࡉࡒᵄᏪߦ߅ߌࠆ⺃㔚✢〝ߩવ៝ᵄ㐳ߩ᷹ቯ ᄢጤ ብ 㧦 ࠬ࠹࠶ࡇࡦࠣࡕ࠲ߩᕆᱛᤨߦ߅ߌࠆࡒࠬࠬ࠹࠶ࡊ㒐ᱛߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ ↲㓶৻㇢ 㧦 ਗࡂ࠼࠙ࠚࠕᓮߦࠃࠆ Benes ࠬࠗ࠶࠴✂ߩ㜞ㅦᓮᣇᑼߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ ㎨↰ ᵏቁ 㧦 㖸ჿࠟࠗ࠼ࠍ↪ߚὐሼജ✵⠌࠰ࡈ࠻࠙ࠛࠕߩ㐿⊒⎇ⓥ ᴡౝ㤗⟤ሶ 㧦 ᭂ⭯ SOI MOSFET ߩ㔚᳇․ᕈߦኻߔࠆǬ㑐ᢙဳಽᏓਇ⚐‛ߩലᨐߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ Ꮏ⮮ ⦟ᄥ 㧦 વ៝〝ਛߦᰳ㒱߇ሽߔࠆ႐วߩ Lamb ᵄવ៝․ᕈߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ ਭᴛౖ 㧦 MHz Ꮺⓨਛ㖸ᵄࠍ↪ߚࠟࠗ࠼ᵄߩ⊒↢ߣᔕ↪ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ ๓ ⎮ፄ 㧦 ࡂࠗࡄࠨࡒࠕߩߚߩࡢࠗࡗ᷷ࠬᐲ⸘᷹ߣ⺃ዉടᾲߩ㜞ല₸ൻߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ ⻞ᧁޘᖗ 㧦 ⚻〝Ⓧಽࠍ↪ߒߚ⺃ዉ㔚േᯏߩ᷵㔚ᵹߣ࠻࡞ࠢߩਃᰴర⸃ᨆ ᧁޘቁ৻ᦶ㧦ធ⸅㕖✢ᒻ㖸ᵄߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ ⮮ 㧦 㕙శḮߦࠃࠆቶౝߩᾖᐲಽᏓࠪࡒࡘ࡚ࠪࡦ ⮮ 㓉 㧦 ࡉࠪࠬ DC ࡕ࠲ߩࠦࠡࡦࠣ࠻࡞ࠢߩૐᷫ ⩲ᴧ↰⌀ਯ 㧦 ࿕ࡊ࠭ࡑ᧚ᢱࠍ↪ߒߚࠨࡉࡒᵄᏪဳࠕࠗ࠰࠲ ㋈ᧁ ᷡ⾆ 㧦 ࿕ࡊ࠭ࡑߩࠨࡉࡒᵄᏪ⚿วဳࠗࡔࠫ✢〝ߩવ៝․ᕈ 㜞 ᐔ 㧦 ᐔ᧼ਛࠍવ៝ߔࠆࠟࠗ࠼ᵄߩવ៝⸃ᨆߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ 㒸 㓁 㧦 ᱠⴕⅣႺࠪࡒࡘ࠲ࠍ↪ߚᏅὐߦ߅ߌࠆㅢ⺃⊒ࠬࠢߩ⎇ⓥ ⪤ේ ᱜၮ 㧦 FPGA ࠍ↪ߚࠬ࠹࠶ࡇࡦࠣࡕ࠲ߩㅴߺⷺᓮߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ 㐳⼱Ꮉ㖸 㧦 ⇣ㅦᐲࡄࠤ࠶࠻࠻ࠗࡦࠍ↪ߚㅢା〝น↪Ꮺၞߩࠕࠢ࠹ࠖࡉ᷹ቯᣇᑼߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ ⓥ ⇌ ᵗ〝 㧦 IP ࡀ࠶࠻ࡢࠢࠍߒߚ DC ࡕ࠲ߩ⚵ㄟߺᓮࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩ᭴▽ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ ࡃ࠻ࡓࡦࠢ ࠼࠙ࠫࡃ࠙࠘㧦3 ᰴర╬ଔ࿁〝ࡕ࠺࡞ߦࠃࠆ᳓࠻ഠൻિዷ߅ࠃ߮ᬌߩࠪࡒࡘ ࡚ࠪࡦ ⠀㠽 ବ 㧦 ⌀ⓨ⫳⌕ CdTe ⭯⤑ߦ߅ߌࠆ Cd/Te ଏ⛎Ყ߮ਅዉ㔚ጀଐሽ∝ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ ⧣ቝ 㐣 㧦 ࡑ࡞࠴ࡈࠔࠗࡃဳᵄ㐳ᄙ㊀ࡀ࠶࠻ࡢࠢߦ߅ߌࠆ྾శᵄᷙว㔀㖸ߩᛥߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ ⓥ ᐔ㊁ ᢘᵗ 㧦 ᛠᜬหᤨ⸘᷹ᯏ⢻ࠍ߃ߚᚻᜰ↪ࡕ࡚ࠪࡦࠠࡖࡊ࠴ࡖߦࠃࠆ╩⸥േ⸘᷹ࠪࠬ ࠹ࡓߩ᭴▽ߣ⸃ᨆ ᐔᨋ ℉⏴ 㧦 ᄤὼࠝࠗ࠻ࠍ↪ߚࠗࠝࡦๆ⌕㔚ᭂߩߣേ㔚ಣℂ߳ߩᔕ↪ ጊ ⚐ 㧦 ࠗࠝࡦࡑ࡚ࠗࠣࠪࡦߦ߅ߌࠆ࠺ࡦ࠼ࠗ࠻ߩᚑ㐳ߣ㔚⇇ಽᏓߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ ⮮ ⾆ਯ 㧦 ᳇ਛࡉ࠶ࠪࡦࠣਛߩ ZnO ☸ሶߩ㔚᳇․ᕈߦ㑐ߔࠆၮ␆․ᕈ 平成21年度修士論文題目リスト 100 ᧁⅣႺᎿቇኾ ᦺୖ ႗ 㧦 ࠞ࡞ࡑࡦ᷵ࠍ↪ߒߚዊဳ᳓ജ⊒㔚ߦ㑐ߔࠆ᳓ℂታ㛎߅ࠃ߮ᢙ୯⸘▚ ᄢἏ ᷕม 㧦 ࡌࡦ࠳ࠛࡔࡦ࠻⹜㛎ⵝ⟎♽ߩવ㆐㑐ᢙߩหቯ߅ࠃ߮ฃାᵄᒻߩౣߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ ⓥ ፉ ඳਯ 㧦 ᄤὼࠝࠗ࠻ᷙࡐࠬࠦࡦࠢ࠻ߩജቇ⊛․ᕈߣߘߩᔕ↪ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ 㣮ౝ ᜏੱ 㧦 ౻ᦼ〝㕙ߦ߅ߌࠆ〝㕙᷷ᐲߣゞਔߩߔߴࠅߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ ේ↰ ඳ 㧦 ਃゲ➅ߒタ⩄⹜㛎ߦࠃࠆ㜞ᯏ⾰ߩᄌᒻ․ᕈ⹏ଔߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ ᷓ⼱ ❥⾆ 㧦 ᧁ⾰♽ࡐࡑࡕ࡞࠲࡞ߩ‛ℂ⊛․ᕈߣ⠴ᕈߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ Ꮣᣉ 㓁 㧦 ࠾ࠝࠗࡦࠨࠍ↪ߚࠦࡦࠢ࠻ߩ㙃↢ലᨐߩ⹏ଔߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ EDITORIAL COMMITTEE Hideo TAMAMOTO (Chairperson) Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Kyosuke ONISHI Dept. of Earth Science and Technology Kenji MURAKAMI Dept. of Engineering in Applied Chemistry Kazuhiko FUJIWARA Dept. of Engineering in Applied Chemistry Michihisa FUKUMOTO Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering Akihiro NAGANAWA Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Kazutaka MITOBE Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Hidenobu TOKUSHIGE Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering Satoru YOSHIMURA Center for Geo-Environmental Science SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL REPORTS OF GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND RESOURCE SCIENCE, AKITA UNIVERSITY No. 31 OCTOBER 2010 Contents Original Papers Settlement of Juvenile Fishes for a Seeding Production by Using Several Color Light Emitting Diodes … Marenori KAWAMURA, Junichi YAMADA, Kazuyoshi SAITO, Masato SATO, Ryota KOMOTO, Osamu SHIBATA １ The Social Construction of Literacy - A Case Study of Literacy Practices in the UK ……………………………………………………………………………………… Kolawole Waziri OLAGBOYEGA ９ Safe Drinking-Water for the Poor - Initiative of Grameen Veolia Water Ltd - ………………………………… Hiromi TSUBOI 21 Common Practical Rules of the Class for MONOZUKURI Education ………………………………………………… Tadashi OHYOSHI, Shigetoshi KYOUNO, Mamoru TAKAHASHI 29 Calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy of the Miocene formations distributed in the Hokuriku to northern Japan ………………………………… Tokiyuki SATO, Yutaka KANZAKI, Takao OKUYAMA, Shun CHIYONOBU 37 Geochemical characteristics and origin of groundwater draining into a large-scale tunnel, northern part of Iwate Prefecture ……………………………… Hiroshi KAWARAYA, Hiroshi MIURA, Osamu MATSUBA, Daizo ISHIYAMA 47 List of Original Papers (2009) …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 55 List of Theses of Doctor's Degree (2009) ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 93 List of Theses of Master's Degree (2009) ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 94 Graduate School of Engineering and Resource Science, Akita University Akita, Japan 平 成 22 年 10 月 25 日 印 刷 平 成 22 年 10 月 29 日 発 行 編集兼 秋田大学大学院工学資源学研究科 発行者 〒010-8502 秋田市手形学園町１番１号 電話（018）889-2305 印 刷 有限会社 三 浦 印 刷 〒010-0925 秋田市旭南三丁目７番５号 電話（018）862-2792 （非 売 品） 秋田大学大学院工学資源学研究科研究報告 第三十一号 秋田大学大学院工学資源学研究科 〒010-8502 秋田市手形学園町1- 1 http://www.eng.akita-u.ac.jp/ 㧔㑐ㅪ⎇ⓥႎ๔㧦⮮ ઁ㧘pp.00-00㧕 秋 田 大 学 大学院工学資源学研究科 研 究 報 第 31 号 ハイパーダイアグラムによるトンネル内湧水，河川水，井戸水， ࡂࠗࡄ࠳ࠗࠕࠣࡓߦࠃࠆ࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ౝḝ᳓㧘ᴡᎹ᳓㧘ᚭ᳓㧘㒠᳓ߩ᳓⾰ಽ㧚 降水の水質区分．（関連研究報告：川原谷 他，pp.47-53） 㧔㑐ㅪ⎇ⓥႎ๔㧦Ꮉේ⼱ ઁ㧘pp.00-00㧕 (a) (b) (c) 男鹿市椿地先の海上筏・ハタハタ網生簀． (a)日中 （関連研究報告：河村 他，pp.1-8） (b)耐震白熱電球区（夜間・点灯時） (c)青色LED区（夜間・点灯時） 平成 二十二 年 平成22年10月発行 ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹ߦၮߠߊᧄ㇌ߩਅㇱ̅ਛㇱਛᣂ⛔ߩጀኻᲧ 石灰質ナンノ化石に基づく本邦の下部̶中部中新統の地層対比 ⍹Ἧ⾰࠽ࡦࡁൻ⍹ߦၮߠߊᧄ㇌ߩਅㇱ̅ਛㇱਛᣂ⛔ߩጀኻᲧ （関連研究報告：佐藤 他，pp.37-45） 㧔㑐ㅪ⎇ⓥႎ๔㧦⮮ ઁ㧘pp.00-00㧕 告