prepa d個の介護者

PET⏕15O⿿㏸䛴䛥䜇䛴
ᑚᆵ䜹䜨䜳䝱䝌䝱䝷㛜Ⓠゝ⏤
⊞⫝̸䚭஼䚮㣜⏛⚵༡䚮஁ෞಘ஄䚭ᅗ❟ᚘ⎌ჹ⑋䜿䝷䝃䞀◂✪ᡜ䚭ᨲᑏ⥲༈Ꮥ㒂
⸠ཋ䚭Ꮼ䚮୔὾䚭ᒷ䚭ኬ㜨ኬᏕᰶ∸⌦◂✪䜿䝷䝃䞀
┘ḗ
┘Ⓩ䛮⫴ᬊ
ၡ㢗Ⅴ䠌PET O-15 ᳠ᰕ䛒ᬉཀྵ䛝䛰䛊⌦⏜
䛙䜒䜄䛭䛴ᠺᯕ



఩⥲㔖ᑚᆵ䜹䜨䜳䝱䝌䝱䝷
᳠ᰕ᫤㛣䛴⠾౼䝿▯⦨໩
ⷾ๠ྙᠺ᫤㛣䛴▯⦨໩
ἴཀྵຝᯕ
䜄䛮䜇
┘Ⓩ
䜹䜨䜳䝱䝌䝱䝷䛴ᑚᆵ໩䛱䜎䜑
䚭᛬ᛮ᭿⬳ᱶራ䛰䛯䛴PETチ᩷䛴ᬉཀྵ
⫴ᬊ
• ⷾ๠ྙᠺ(CO, CO2)䛐䜎䛹᳠ᰕ᪁Ἢ䛴㎷㏷໩
• ⾉ᰞ⁈よ๠(tPA)䛴἖㥺᭯ຝᛮ䟺䟽䟻
• PET᪃ス䛴ቌຊ䟺FDG䝋䝮䝔䝮䞀䟻
㎷㏷䝿⬳⾉Ὦ㓗⣪௥ㅨ⏤ാチ᩷䜻䜽䝊䝤
15O-PET᳠ᰕ
15O
2,
C15O2, C15O, H215O䛴౩⤝䜻䜽䝊䝤
• ⾉Ὦ㓗⣪௥ㅨ䛴㎷㏷チ᩷
• ථງ㛭ᩐ䛴᥆ᏽ
• మິ⿭ḿ
•
•
•
•
โᚒ䝿よᯊ䜻䜽䝊䝤
• 䜹䜨䜳䝱䝌䝱䝷, ྙᠺ⿞⨠,
PET䜘⤣ྙโᚒ
• ḿ☔䝿㎷㏷䛰⏤ാฌ⌦䝿よᯊ
㉰ᑚᆵ䟺䝝䝇䝍䜹䜨䝍ス
⨠䟻
⮤ᕤ㐵ⶰ䟺୯ᛮᏄᢒโ䟻
ᖏῺྙᠺ+㎷㏷౩⤝
ධ⮤ິ᧧ష
⬳ᱶራ䛮䛵
⬳ᱶራ䛮䛵䚮⬳⾉⟮⑄ᝀ䟺⬳༛୯䟻䛴ୌ⛸䛭䚮⬳
䛴⾉⟮䛴ୌ㒂䛒ラ䜄䛩䛥䜐㻋㛚ራ㻌䚮⣵䛕䛰䛩䛥䜐䛝
䛬㻋≻✵㻌䚮⬳⤄⧂䛾༎ฦ䛰㓗⣪䛮ᰜ㣬䛒⾔䛓ῳ䜏
䛰䛕䛰䛩䛥≟ឺ䟺⬳⹣⾉䟻䛱䛰䜐䚮䛣䛴⤎ᯕ䚮⬳⤄
⧂䛒Ṓ䜙䛦䜐⬳䛴഼䛓䛒఩ୖ䛝䛬䛝䜄䛌⑋Ẵ䛭䛈
䜑䚯⬳ᱶራ䛱䜎䛩䛬Ṓ䜙䛭䛝䜄䛩䛥⬳⣵⬂䛵්⏍
䛝䛰䛊䚯
Ṓᅄ
Ṓஷᩐ䛮⬳⾉⟮⑄ᝀṒ
ஷ䛱༥䜇䜑๪ྙ
Ṓஷᩐ㸝Ṓஷ⥪ᩐ࡞༥ࡴࡾ๪ྙ㸞
⥪Ṓஷᩐ
982379ெ(100.0%)
➠1న ᝇᛮ᩺⏍∸㸝⒬㸞
304568ெ(31.0%)
➠2న ᚨ⑄ᝀ
152518ெ(15.5%)
➠3న ⬳⾉⟮⑄ᝀ㸝⬳༛୯㸞
130257ெ(13.3%)
㧏㱃⩽༈⒢㈕䜊ᚃ㐿⑍䛴௒㆜㈕䛴ཋᅄ䛴䠃న
⮣ᗃ䛭䛴⏤ാチ᩷䛴ᚪさᛮ䇮ᑑᮮ
ᝀ⩽
἖⒢
チ᩷
⬳⾉Ὦ䝿㓗⣪௥ㅨ
⏤ാ᳠ᰕ
ᏽ㔖໩䛮よᯊ
䝞䝎䝷䝚䝭䟺἖䜑䛑἖䜏䛰䛊䛑䛴ሾ⏲㡷ᇡ䟻
䠏἖⒢ྊ⬗䛰㡷ᇡ
䠏⬳⾉Ὦ䛴୯➴ᗐ఩ୖ
䠏⬳㓗⣪௥ㅨ䛵⥌ᣚ䛛䜒䛬䛊䜑
⬳ᱶራ䛱㝏䛩䛥㡷ᇡ
⬳⾉Ὦ䛮㓗⣪௥ㅨ䛴㎷㏷ῼᏽ
!"
%.3456#$7
stage(I) stage(II)
#$
CPP
%1/2
CBV
%.0-
CBF
%./-
OEF
%&'()*
CMRO2
%&'+,(Powers et al. Ann Int Med 1987)
15Oᵾㆉ䜰䜽䛴ᣪິ䛮
⬳ᚘ⎌௥ㅨ㔖ῼᏽ䛮䛴㛭౿
⬳ᚘ⎌ㅎ㔖
ᣉᩋ
⬳⾉Ὦ㔖
䟺CBF䟻
ᣉᩋ䝿௥ㅨ
㓗⣪ᦜཱི⋙
䟺OEF䟻
㟸ᣉᩋ
⬳⾉ᾦ㔖
䟺CBV䟻
⬳㓗⣪௥ㅨ⋙
䟺 CMRO2 䟻
CBF: Cerebral Blood Flow
OEF: Oxygen Extraction
Fraction
CBV: Cerebral Blood Volume
CMRO2:Cerebral Metabolic
Rate of Oxygen
PET⿞⨠䛴ཋ⌦
ᢖᙫ䝋䞀䝃䛴షᠺ
!!
㏣ᢖᙫἪ䛱䜎䜑⏤ാ්ᵋᠺ
よ๕ᏕⓏ
䟽
⏍໩ᏕⓏ
PET䛭⏕䛊䜏䜒䜑ᨲᑏᛮྜྷనඔ⣪
ᰶ⛸
15O
13N
11C
18F
༖΅᭿
2ฦ
䠃䠂ฦ
䠄䠂ฦ
䠃䠃䠂ฦ
⏕㏭
㓗⣪௥ㅨ䛰䛯
ᑻᡜ⤄⧂⾉Ὦ䛰䛯
ᑻᡜ⾉ᾦ㔖䛰䛯
䝚䝍䜪⢶௥ㅨ䛰䛯
*▯༖΅᭿ⷾ๠䛴≁ᚡ
ᩐ⛸䛴ⷾ๠ᢖ୙䚭⧖䜐㏁䛝᳠ᰕ䛒ྊ⬗
㝌හ䜹䜨䜳䝱䝌䝱䝷䛒ᚪさ䚭▯䛊ྙᠺ᫤㛣
15Oᵾㆉ䜰䜽䜘⏕䛊䛥⬳ᚘ⎌௥ㅨ㔖ῼᏽ䛴ౚ
⾉ᰞ⁈よ๠䟺㼗㻳㻤䟻䛴
ኬぞᶅ⮣ᗃモ㥺䛴ᐁ᪃≟Ἓ
PET O-15 ᳠ᰕ䛒ᬉཀྵ䛝䛰䛊⌦⏜
䠃䠀㝀䜏䜒䛥䜹䜨䜳䝱䝌䝱䝷᪃スᩐ
䠄䠀ᨲᑏᛮⷾ๠䟺H215O, C15O2, C15O,
15O 䟻ྙᠺ䛴↱㞟䛛
2
䠅䠀᳠ᰕ䛴↱㞟䛛, 㛏䛊᳠ᰕ᫤㛣
඼ᆵⓏ䛰PET᪃ス ᅗ❟ᚘ⎌ჹ⑋䜿䝷䝃䞀඙㐅༈ᕝᏕ䜿䝷䝃䞀
෫༴Ề
ⷾ๠ྙᠺ
㞹″⣌
䜰䜽⣌
㐵ⶰባ
ⷾ๠ྙᠺ
PET
䜹䜨䜳䝱䝌䝱䝷
PETᑍ⏕䜹䜨䜳䝱䝌䝱䝷䝿䜻䜽䝊䝤
RF㞹″
䜷䝷䝁䞀䝯
୹☚ሔ㞹″
䜹䜨䜳䝱䝌䝱䝷ᮇమ
18F
13N
11C
15O
㐵ⶰᡤ
䜘⏍ᠺ
ྙᠺ⿞⨠䟺䝟䝇䝌䜿䝯䟻
䜹䜨䜳䝱䝌䝱䝷䛴ᑚᆵ໩
1. ຊ㏷᭩ኬ䜬䝑䝯䜲䞀䜘ୖ䛘䜑䟼
(䝗䞀䝤䜬䝑䝯䜲䞀)䌨㻋ᘤ䛓ฝ䛝༖ᙼ)2
50 μA 䊲㻃500 mCi
15O
(2 min)
䚭䚭䚭䚭䚭䚭䚭䚭䚭䚭*㣤࿰☚ሔ䛱䛐䛊䛬
2. ⮤ᕤ㐵ⶰ䛴㔖䜘΅䜏䛟
<;
3;
;
;
=
3
>
<
?.&5@*A8
2;
2=
http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/nndc/exf
or/
(1)䝗䞀䝤䛒ᙔ䛥䜑ሔᡜ䛑䜏䛴ᨲᑏ⥲䜘΅䜏䛟
1. 䝗䞀䝤䛒ᙔ䛥䜏䛰䛊䜎䛌䛱㞹☚▴䝿RF䛴᭩㐲スゝ
2. 㒂ဗ䛱ᨲᑏ⥲䛒Ⓠ⏍䛝䛱䛕䛊䜈䛴䜘౐䛌
(2) 㐵ⶰమ䛴ᵋ㏸䜘᭩㐲໩䛟䜑
29
2=;
BC#DEF
Ed=3.5 MeV ⛤ᗐ䛭
チ᩷ྊ⬗䛰཭㔖䛒ᚋ䜏䜒䜑
23
!"#$%&!'()*+&,#*-./&01(& 45.678 :
23
䜹䜨䜳䝱䝌䝱䝷䛑䜏Ⓠ⏍䛟䜑ᨲᑏ⥲
㐵ⶰ䛒ᐖ᪾䛭䛰䛊ᨲᑏ⥲䛮㐵ⶰᮞᩩ
1. ୯ᛮᏄ
2. 䜰䝷䝢⥲
䊲䚭䝕䝭䝙䜧䝷+ boron+…
䊲䚭㕼䛰䛯
ᨲᑏ⥲䛒Ⓠ⏍䛟䜑ሔᡜ䟺୹䛰ᮞᩩඔ⣪䟻




䝃䞀䜶䝇䝌䚭(N2)
䝃䞀䜶䝇䝌䜿䝯䚭(Al, Ti)
䝋䝙䝰䜳䝃䞀䚭(Cu etc.)
䝅䜫䝷䝔䞀 (Al)
etc.
ప㔔HM-18⏕䜰䜽䝃䞀䜶䝇䝌䜿䝯
Experimental Setup
Targets mounted at
the center of the chamber
!"!"#$
$"%%#!
#""%#$
!"!"#$
@Kyoto Univ. Tandem Accelerator Facility
&&!!#%$ '!'(#
Ⓠ⏍୯ᛮᏄ⥲㔖ᙔ㔖䛴䝗䞀䝤䜬䝑䝯䜲䞀䛮
䝃䞀䜶䝇䝌ᮞᩩ䛱ᑊ䛟䜑౪Ꮛᛮ
㔔㝟Ꮔ䜬䝑䝯䜲䞀䠅䠀䠇MeV䛭䛵ཋᏄ␊ྒ䛴ኬ䛓䛊ᮞᩩ䛱䝗䞀䝤䜘↯ᑏ䛟䜑䛮䚮⅛⣪䛰䛯䛱Ẓ䛿䚮
䠅᰾⛤ᗐⓆ⏍୯ᛮᏄ⥲㔖ᙔ㔖䛒ᑛ䛰䛕䚮ྜྷᵕ䛱ྜྷ䛞ᮞᩩ䛱䠃䠂MeV䝗䞀䝤䜘↯ᑏ䛝䛥ሔྙ䛮䛱Ẓ䛿䚮
䠅᰾⛤ᗐᑛ䛰䛊䚯䝗䞀䝤䛒ᙔ䛥䜑䛮䛙䜓䛱䛙䛴䜎䛌䛰ཋᏄ␊ྒ䛴ኬ䛓䛊ᮞᩩ䜘⏕䛊䜑䛙䛮䛱䜎䛩䛬Ⓠ⏍୯
ᛮᏄ䜘΅䜏䛟䛙䛮䛒䛭䛓䜑䚯
✽⣪䝃䞀䜶䝇䝌䛑䜏Ⓠ⏍䛟䜑
1ḗ㏷୯ᛮᏄ䛮䜰䝷䝢⥲
!3
&$'+
&$!*
!""
,@-)/5"&+)=5F&
,%-./"012
!""
!""
!""
!%
,@-3&+!=5E&
,%-5/6012
!""
;%<=%>?1@A++ $9B=CD(
!33
!""
!)
#$%&'( *+,%-./"+012
#$#
!"
&%
'#
%$'(
%$&&
)$()
)$%*
)$!(
,@-4/!6&+.=5E&
,%-./"012
,@-4/GH&+)=5F&
,%-./"012
!
,@-G/56&+G=5F&
,%-./"012
IJ0
3/!
3
43
!53
!63
"
O
䝃䞀䜶䝇䝌䜰䜽䛭䛈䜑✽⣪䜰䜽䛱㔔㝟Ꮔ䝗䞀䝤䜘↯ᑏ䛟䜑䛮䚮
䜬䝑䝯䜲䞀 1.7 MeV 䛴䠃ḗ୯ᛮᏄ䛮6.8 MeV 䜰䝷䝢⥲䛒ኣ䛕Ⓠ⏍䛝䚮
༎ฦ䛰㐵ⶰ䛒ᚪさ䛮䛰䜑
78/9/+$%1:(
(Q=5.07 MeV)
Nucl. Phys. A140, 609(1970)
!&
䝃䞀䜶䝇䝌㒂ฦ䛴㐵ⶰゝ⟤
୯ᛮᏄ䚮䜰䝷䝢⥲䛴΅⾮
䚭䚭ゝ⟤䜷䞀䝍MCNP4C 䟼1 䛮ᐁຝ⥲㔖ᙔ㔖ᥦ⟤౿ᩐ䟼2䛑䜏
䚭䚭ᐁຝ⥲㔖䜘ị䜇䛥
ゝ⟤᮪௲
⠾༟䛴䛥䜇➴᪁Ⓩ䛰1
ḗඔⓏゝ⟤
㍇㔖໩䛴䛥䜇㕼䛵䛰䜑
䛿䛕හഁ䛱㒼⨠䟺➠1᱄䟻
⤎ᯕ䠌10 MeV୯ᛮᏄẎ⛂䠃಴ᙔ䛥䜐䛴ᐁຝ⥲㔖
0
53cm
R=30 cm
pSv/Bq
R=30 cm
R=53 cm
R=53 cm
䟼1
୯ᛮᏄ
䠄ḗ䜰䝷䝢⥲
䟼2
OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY
ᨲᑏ⥲䛴䛝䜉䛾䛊ゝ⟤ᐁຸ䝢䝏䝩䜦䝯䠄䠂䠂䠂
ᮇᥞ᱄䜹䜨䜳䝱䝌䝱䝷䛮᪜Ꮛ䛴䜈䛴䛮䛴Ẓ㍉
ᗃ
2400
㻋ዚ⾔䛓㻙㻓㻓㻃㼐㼐㻌
mm
᩺䜹䜨䜳䝱䝌䝱䝷䛮䜻䞀䝯䝍䛴䜷䝷䜿䝛䝌
䟺䜻䞀䝯䝍᭩㐲໩୯䟻
IBA䛭㛜Ⓠ䛛䜒䛥䜹䜨䜳䝱䝌䝱䝷
㛜Ⓠ䜽䜵䜼䝩䞀䝯䛮మโ
BA!
CA!
@A!
" # $ % " # $ % " # $ %
!!
&'()
*+,-.-/"#
*+,-0123
*+,-.-/01
*+,-.-/$4
5678"#
567801
5678$4
9:78"#
9:7801
;<=>?$4
◂✪㛜Ⓠ
⿿㏸
㈅኉
௙䛴ⷾ๠ྙᠺ䛴ྊ⬗ᛮ
Ed=3.5 MeV䜹䜨䜳䝱䝌䝱䝷(K=7)
Ep=7.0 MeV E3He=9.3 MeV
䚭䚭䚭䚭䚭
䞀䊲⿭ຐ䜷䜨䝯➴
18F
䚭䚭18O(p,n)18F
20Ne(d,α)18F
16O(3He,p)18F
Int. J. App. Radiat. Isotopes, 25 393 (1974)
䟺䠃䠃䠂ฦ䟻 䚭䚭䚭20Ne(d,α)18F
䚭䚭16O(3He,p)18F
13N
䚭䚭13C(p,n)13N
䟺䠃䠂ฦ䟻
http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/exfor
᳠ᰕ䛴⠾␆໩
⾉୯௥ㅨ⏐∸䟺㻫㻕㻔㻘㻲䟻⏍ᠺ䛴䝦䝋䝯໩
Iida et al., 1994
Kudomi et al., 2003
᳠ᰕ䛴㎷㏷໩
㉰㎷㏷㻳㻨㻷㻐㻦㻰㻵㻲㻕䟺㻲㻨㻩㻌ᏽ㔖よᯊἪ
! PET = ! A # f • exp(" f / Vd • t ) + OEF ! A # f • exp(" f / Vd • t )
PET " ! A # f • exp(" f / Vd • t ) " Vb • Hct ! A
!
OEF =
! A # f • exp(" f / Vd • t ) " Vb • Hct • Fv ! A
W
W
w
W
O
O
W
O
w
O
O
O
O
O
• BG䜘⩻៎䛝䛥よ
ᯊ䝦䝋䝯
• ΅⾮䜘ᙽ䛥䛠䛱
⧖䜐㏁䛝䜽䜱䝧䝷
ྊ⬗
PET
ᢖ୙
15O
2
3500MBq
H215O
555MBq
஁ෞ䜏䚭䝡䜽䝃䞀䠂䠉䠈
㎷㏷ PET-⬳㓗⣪௥ㅨ⋙䟺CMRO2) ᳠ᰕ
༈ᏕⓏᚺ⏕ (೸ᖏ⩽䝠䝭䝷䝊䜧䜦)
15 ฦ
10 ฦ
Transmission
8ฦ
4ฦ
C15O
15O
2
H215O
⬳⾉Ὦ
㓗⣪௥ㅨ
㓗⣪ᦜཱི
CBF
CMRO2
OEF
15Oᵾㆉ䜰䜽PET᳠ᰕ
⮤ᐓ⾉⾉ᰞ⬳ራᰞ䝦䝋䝯 䟿䜯䝏䜳䜨䜺䝯䟿
CBF
⬳⾉Ὦ
OEF
㓗⣪ᦜཱི⋙
CMRO2
㓗⣪௥ㅨ⋙
ᱶራ㒂న
㎷㏷PET-CMRO2 (OEF) 䛴᳠ッ(1)
䜯䝏䜳䜨䜺䝯
S≟㟴⬞ὕ
᭯ណᕣ䛰䛝
!"*
!")
!"(
!"&
!"%
!"$
!"#
! ິ㟴⬞㍉ᕣἪ
+,-./00"
0.579+/-0.076
!"'
⾉⟮㏸ᙫ⏤ാ
0.574+/-0.066
OEF䟺㓗⣪ᦜཱི⋙䟻
㯖㓁ୖᏭ㟴
PET
123
Background
The measurement of oxygen metabolism by PET using
oxygen-15 gases ([15O]O2, [15O]CO and [15O]CO2) is useful
for the detection of penumbra in acute stroke.
The conventional synthesis of [15O]CO and [15O]CO2 are not
suitable for rapid supply of oxygen-15 gases in clinical use,
because they require time to raise the temperature of charcoal
to optimal values.
Conventional synthesis of [15O]CO and [15O]CO2
14N
14N
2
2
containing 0.3% O2
containing 3% CO2
14N(d,n)15O
14N(d,n)15O
15O
15O
C
2
1000 °C
C
400 °C
C15O
C15O2
Rapidly supply system of [15O]CO and [15O]CO2
[15O]CO
[15O]CO
N2 + CO
Charcoal-soda lime
Target box
[15O]CO2
Silica gel
O2
MnO2-CuO
Silica gel
Filter
Inhalation
Mass Flow meter
Solenoid valve
Purity analyzer
Radioisotope calibrator
Time required to standby of [15O]CO and [15O]CO2
production
Item
Rapidly supply system
Cyclotron standby
0
Time required (min)
10
20
8 min
[15O]CO preparation standby
1 min
[15O]CO2 preparation standby
1 min
Conventional method
Cyclotron standby
[15O]CO preparation standby
[15O]CO2 preparation standby
30
8 min
Raised to 1000°C
Raised to 400 °C
14 min
26 min
15Oⷾ๠ྙᠺ⿞⨠
ᑚᆵ䚮⮤ິ䚮⠾༟໩
チ᩷䝛䝱䝌䜷䝯䛱ᇱ䛫䛊䛥䜰䜽⣌⤣โᚒ⏤㟻䛮䜻䞀䜵䝷䜽
ⷾ๠㛜Ⓠ䛱䛐䛗䜑PET
䛈䜑⤄⧂䛾䛴ⷾ๠㞗୯
 ᵾㆉⷾ๠
ᶭ⬗ຝᯕ
 ℲὮ
 ௥ㅨ
⾔ິ䛴ᶭᵋ
 Enzyme activity䚭䟺㓕⣪Ὡᛮ䟻
 Receptor occupancy䚭䟺ུᐖమ༥ᣈ䟻
ⷾ๠㛜Ⓠ
ⷾ๠䛴ು⿭ᩐ
ⷾ䛴Ⓠぜ
๑⮣ᗃモ㥺
⿿ⷾ
⮣ᗃモ㥺
◂✪㛜Ⓠ㈕
䜄䛮䜇
15O䜰䜽PET䛴ᬉཀྵ䛱䛈䛥䛩䛬
α䜹䜨䜳䝱䝌䝱䝷ᑚᆵ໩
 ᨲᑏ⥲Ⓠ⏍䜘ᑛ䛰䛕䛟䜑ᕝኰ
α᳠ᰕ᫤㛣䛴▯⦨໩
 よᯊ᪁Ἢ䛴ᕝኰ
αⷾ๠ྙᠺ᫤㛣䛴▯⦨
 ᖏῺ䛭䛴᩺ྙᠺἪ䛴㛜Ⓠ
௙䛴ἴཀྵຝᯕ

ⷾ๠㛜Ⓠ䛰䛯