池 端 Q Report of the Scientific Field-trip, 15th Annual
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池 端 Q Report of the Scientific Field-trip, 15th Annual
/* (,**/) 0 .3+ῌ.30 +/ Report of the Scientific Field-trip, +/th Annual V. M. Goldschmidt Conference Kei IKEHATA + \- ][043X\- -.^ C3 ,**/ / ,* ,/ +/ ,679/0f345&MN`(_ !"# ` a3<{D +*- fvw$% VbcY( $%&' ( )*+,-. 7T / h NcY( + hI{% /012345&,6789:;< &' NcYI{%& Kibbie Dome ( /F => +322 + ? @38 aM T /1* & m,U H3dT (A BC("#$%DE&' 4FG `R;' __( Me< &7( +223 8$%&H fM45D{%;M <7 IJ + KL FR;' g hi(_8r0 K!Q"8R; Dj $%&! klF MMNOMP + 8S#:; T$ +U' (%V! , &% N!¡mr¢£5&' B'(!79W)40XLM ~)n8¢<Xop!8(F0 M4.*$F+,YR;' Z[ &¤ q~)(aMT7r (Wallace 78-.:;( Palouse Hills 4\]%;/0 Complex) 8op5&' s¥( Web t (http : // 123F;^45!6E __(*7 8 www.the-conference.com/,**//gold,**//index.php) 8¦ `ab9c:!;dR;' -.:; +* (< Y$%D0;~u$%&0' 8(efM40XY3=g5&! _Y8(LM M>7!R;' , hY(?iY4\]%;j - k@6 lm noApB!;d YK8(a -ῌ+ P!qI5Drs 74LMM v'8(w$ 0/* km, +** km § >77C(DEFG!E;' xy¨ ©2zy¨!R;' B{|({© H4<C8(thIu!vw$%&' 2zy¨4\]% xyM(B}{8S J)( KL4 MNC8xyMO #:; T$ +U' {©2zy¨4xyM PzI{%&Iu |Extrusive A-type magmatism of (q~ª«¬!5D0;' _%( ®x the Yellowstone hot spot track} 8~5&' __(H yM¯8R;N89W5Dr 8 Q3RS5&C IuTU38V s ( {©2zy¨v°±M :;' +0./ Ma 8²G&' }e±!v³8Kn cm ´5D0;&¤ (}{³xy , M8³GD F; T$ +U' _%ª«¬q W3X4,0 ,T'YZ[043X ( A-type fµf67_3h' A-type fµf ¶++-ῌ**-- {·@·¸ ¹ 1ῌ-ῌ+ {·77º7)=>»,»7¼ Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 1ῌ-ῌ+ Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo ++-ῌ**--, Japan. e-mail : [email protected] £ ¤ 492 ¼ 5>?*+,- ABCDEF ( 5@ +1 Ma @Y +../ Ma $%& l*mA%nF (*+,- BCD +0 E km, FD +1 E km- * EGHIGH@@YoCCG pqrCG$@h0 sB5,- I(JK -** Lt, 7 Muv*+,- >?@.@NOP QR%0,- (AS*TU*+^ >w$; ,9:*V6 xyW%&Sun Valley XHz$ Y{|}~$123 &5SJKL*+,EGHIJKL iZ 1/ km +** kmj sB5,- STOP, *<'(>? 9:%&- >?5@Y[['(*+, 1}$\%& , ]E G ^_( (`9:*&- EGHIJKL!$ S-type, I-type '(*+,abch&Sun Valley *9:%&>de$!f* oG ; + =>;- µG¶ = >- ·¸"K=*3&s- *¹3&@Lt- ºX q\3g- + $² » ¡ ¢ 2 3 , > § } & K 1 o ~ iSmith and Siegel, ,*** $;,j- qLGCghi*+[&- jk} + l$m^ V"($;[0oGC n[&=ab , o`a3 )W(1* pa23&-ῌ- ῍ῌ , ῎῏ Sun Valley qHZ 0* km $r5, Little City of Rocks $g@[& (STOP-)- <sLt ?u$r5,- Lt. v ! "#$ w%&IL$x%&83 %&'(( + )*+, ; yD%0,- 7?]TJz(8* { I-type (igneous source type) S-type (sedimentary source |(*+,'(( type) A-type (anorogenic type) M-type (mantle source $ ,./ km, }&* +* km £*+,<l type)- A-type .*/%0123& ~¤¥¦C ¤$;[0@[0,- < ¡¢ G@ A-type '(!45,&6$ 7*+ Jz(8 +0./ Ma @Y^ pqr ,8(9:%;<=*+ CG@YGMBLC$@h0Z 1** km >§ ,- =>$<?@$ABCDEF yW*, i; +j- IL\3%0J ( EGHIJKL GMBLCN!OP" z(8%&} <z1F #$ Butte Q%RSTU&'- ¡L}$S[&&6 '$1 V"( Carol Frost (University of Wyoming) Mike 23 F ( iLtF (j McCurry (Idaho State University) Bob Christiansen &- <;SJGH>83 5¨ (USGS) Keith Putirka (California State University) Mel ©5,}&**+,- Kuntz (USGS) *+,- )W( *+,-X)W Lt.$©5,'Jz(8 (*+,.(6 +* N@YZ ,/ /*+[&- ) F ($a30>%0S- Little City of W('((* 0 - /*+,- 1*2 Rocks * 3.+/ Ma $%&{ /* m Lt,J \3?]T /* ,4^5_JL*`a3&* ªQR%&G ¡C« G>%0,- <3 6b7\3*+[&cdSefS@[&- ¬ $;,k® $;, -ῌ, ῍ῌ + ῎῏ ¯ch0 F ({°23&&6*+,- =) =8*EGHI5@Y9: Sun Valley $ W( ¯I®@9:% u$3,±)² gh0?]T\3S[&- STOP+ i; +j 30tO$S[0,yW%&- R Lewiston <=k$UY3,ABCDEF Z -*ῌ V6* 7$p³´G ( +/ ¶·u¸¹qM5xº».U9:@¼ 493 z*F'8GH\$I&3 { |{JK<PK.Q0LJK1I \7} $< PK.Q/T~8H&<#Y M'N\OIH?"P7 North Crater Flow <QR'().)M& QS7"T 8 z$ Uz! $I < V'97"8 7 W$ |+ +)M IX$K "7 $IY'<N) )$8# <KF"Zt1[ \]:}..$^7 ) )$_<PK.Q`&3PK.+LM C , North Crater Flow ^_H.U9:; a&\ .U9:;< 45&$I PK. /0b K $]# ^_ FC ,G 7< ,*** ()A"<#7 Little City of Rocks &7 ,* Arco +** km @ North Crater Cone d<H Inferno !" #$% Cone c_d ??8< Craters of the Moon &'()*+,-./012&3 456/ 50WXeH?"f& 1;<sCb 0#7589:;< =>7 ? gH$I /0]hir Inferno < &<@A7B Great Cone < Great Rift Zone C]9Z Rift Zone CD$7 aQa&\ b #$I< Great Rift Zone < E F῍G Green Dragon Flows " Devils Orchard Flow &9Z H12 !I"77 #J$<% 3* km, & 7 $MiDj7'&< Mi <% / km & ?KLM'<% +/*** ( kl]9Z)+)M?" 8% ,*** ()ND$ Craters of the Moon &\ Devils Orchard Flow <'().)M Lava Field 3 #*+<% +,0** km, & ,/ OP `a)M8#I SiO, mn< 0. wt.ῌ jH K.Q 2 R,S-/T8# KLM ?$I< Craters of the Moon Lava Field &@A '<% ,*** ()D$ King’s Bowl 7 < % 0*** ()]9Z Big Lava Field " Wapi Lava Field 3 .U&< Craters Cinder Butte " $¡ - km, o¡ + km, *8 of the Moon Lava Field +3,. (/V8 Craters ¢Z ,.* m PK.Q?"&\ ? of the Moon 50WX (STOP.) WX1< PK.Q< UpD$PK.Q"<£_ 1Y23Z45/V8[I ?.? &@ ¤q&3 "& D$/0[7?"&\ " 6] 7^_H?"&\ D$< Craters of the Moon 50WX ¥r& 3 Arco Arco <.)¦'d< '8D$ HsT% +,*** s"72 tZ7§&3 8# Craters of the Moon Lava Field 8$ ?§< +3/* (u¨&:}©v1D < '().)M8`a)M"&b789Ac w&§wvª«Zx,"my&3 %¬ @:WX;Td<Hefaghia= &A.)¦5z®¯,# ©vn{®¯°/ ?jI7 >k ?@<lm[I P7 /0nHAo<@B&3 efaghia -ῌ. ῍ῌ - ῎῏ <lmpqhia3I C USGS Arco 8 ,* 8YH" ±|D DrsC st)upqEv;H?"& $}2_N²~|e \ w North Crater Trail 5\#8 mx/ M" ] 0 c% ?³< Arco Rift 0]y7^_ North Crater Flow < % Zone &3 eM"72´< ,*** ()]9ZPK.Q (North Crater Cone) 1]9ZcµzQkH ?³ c d 494 - p n¸:1RS& Mike McCurry. ^ $ r P Big Southern Butte < Cedar Butte. ¼ . '#_`d$ 3J a¹ Smith and Braile, +32. º$b» RMG - +`$1/J Big South- yHt3<ngl47;: ern Butte - !"#$% &' I + ` ,.+ Ma $ 3 Huckleberry Ridge #()* + + ,-./ Tu# 3J ,/**km- Huckleberry Ridge ngl 10* m 01*2$ 3/0* km I , ` +.- Ma $3 -** Ka $34 5$ Mesa Falls Tu# 3J ,2* km- Henry’s Fork !"84 (Island Park) ngl K +0 km I - 9:1* ;;< =>*,-?,-@ ` *.0. Ma $3 Lava Creek Tu# 3J ) AB Big Southern Butte $% & +,*** km- RMngl (2/./ km) Cedar Butte (STOP/) $C .** Ka 3 ;J-L33MJ +22- 6$*7 DEF (G$ Cedar Butte 5 N$!lq43M ,** O $H,:4 4IJ1*K L,- $) '# , PQN$7;: 0 .WD LM$NCOP LMQRSTU! V,-"W/J V#4X$1* ;% B( . AB Island Park $% & Lower Mesa &0'4()YZEF&;<4) Falls < Upper Mesa Falls (STOP0) $*1 R = [=*\]=4 & MD .* N¡#¢:1*£A~ ^_M`=+1* ,a-b$cd*4ef Bob Christiansen (USGS) RST)d4- ghM ijklR m `noM QpqR, <3MEF¢: ;¤¥ 014 -d ./01 '20'4() 3MUJ Huckleberry Ridge nglV 4r-J s3t0'u1* ;01vM ngl¦r;<4) /-$ ;§I w4Z<x,Z5y6$t 7./ , `L/J Henry’s Fork ng Dz8$Y:1/J{9:;4 l¦CW¨d0'1* Henry’s ©ª C |}~-b$<*{9&;<4) $ «1XY&()RfM¬lR =>$t44 ?@ /J (Mesa Falls Tu#) ./4Z*1* #0$I 1A00'4-$d:014C B,- - `$3 Lava Creek Tu# @) C$\SR!4+,r-J SR!': ª$ RMngl¡ *.,Ma $ 1* <D , E4 3XY&() Gerrit Basalt 4r-J ;J Cedar Butte wwFC4 , ;0' ;%RM®!¯°±C 1*K Cedar Butte rV R AB²¢ ,* ³[´$ 0* km \]µV8¶· M$H,: (West Yellowstone) ,-¯°A$: +/ W ?A©(¶·¸¹º»¼ 495 -ῌ/ ῍ῌ . ῎῏ / Madison Junction Tu# 89& Lava Creek \] (STOP2) EQR7,' H \] +3/3 LD7,@A 1./ ^NoG2,\ $ \] BiC_7,`EaIo QR$J,' \] b7cdefLg7 M&' b$'f2&`2 h` CoM,' ' `2i jdCoM& <k12h` CoMCM' \] 7.Kb7MCMl mEC n57,$%&>o p$J,' 4 / #E6J7X& Old Faithful Geyser. qr2,s (STOP3) $ _ 3.m Artist Point Lower Falls Ist !4 0# E5&HI$J,' s ¡?¢£{Q¤ ! .2* Ka# 57, 2,32* km- !" # $%&' ()* +%, - ,,*** m -$%&' +21, Canyon Flow Eu¥v9&HI$ {Q12 -* km V,o-1 .** m y@ w ./ 012 +312 .34 txK' H @ yyQEP#Iz<l 12,./ $%&' /567, {|EEW|7,,q$% 89& Upper Geyser Basin (STOP1) IMz3T $%&' $ :; Upper Geyser Basin ¦§ < =>? @( }~ICoM&' u AB(ACD + !E"F&#G$E5&HI$J& z'%&# %KH L&'7M&' NK()12 u ©©(ªuE«}7¬)©l2&' ® ,*+,E + -9&HI$ OIPD. #G$E l25&¯lu_uIxl7 QR9&HIS/$%&' *+, 0T%&.$ jl2&' + 123C:;IUV2& Old Faithful Geyser !4 /# + W 5$ . ! l #E 0* m 6J7X&' E¨lI7 n Norris Geyser Basin (STOP+*) 8 7 '$/\7K#°± H :;YZ +** : OIPD+ :[ ! 3* Ho,L$%&' ,q # =U/\-K # $6J57 7M:;qiI{Q12M&' H NzC %&' :; 58: -1CD\9WO]+$ 5:8^ _`abc d;CDe<12M&' H = >=9 1* m f$ -²³´2M,' Steamboat Geyser . / :;$ 2 + UU µx$ 5% 59& Giant Geyser EgNK5&HI$ J,' *+, h%& Morning Glory Pool - ? @ 2,A7M=>?$%&' BiC @ >?Cj9& H2 @OIPDkl mnNop512M&' -= =$DE FG$JCM,qr H ffs& I=C &IJKIklmnLD9&' pH \tuEM NFvwO xP@ J 'O xy@ J LD9&' H Nz7BiC@ >?{Q1 2&' Morning Glory Pool R |Fading Glory} IMz ~S%o,' T =UIN'V HP@ y@W7,XNEYZ7M&' H2 Q >? CDE[XP$= 5TEM ,q$%&' 4 0 sI Lower Falls. ¨ 496 ¼ XY*ZK Z[[*\ ] ^S Chico ]^ _: c`ab5 -ῌ0 / \I ]^ Chico YcS= 8] dR ^]ef$ Butte Berkeley Pit (STOP+-) 345ghij k*r Butte +20. ElGX g {m*`n+ \ojp5$ Berkeley Pit d,.. km+.1 km, q //* me 5j + q r \Asgj +3// E +32, EXt ; 1 Terrace Mountain 21a8b]:c 5 \uS*vwt5 @ tx2y2*Nzhi{ |t .* +,* m / +. t *#E } ~A (12 Ma) ^]/2 d898at&=e A ! " (0, Ma, #$ %&'() S 5 A I-type AS *+,- ./01/2345 j¡Q¢J> J*]F 6789%&'5 Obsidian Cli# (STOP++) :;$ .2 Ma) D5Ag} £#¤$ ¥@]F*Wo W¦ `/JA §$S¨5) *< : - =>8? hi*kD5 © @ *.+2 Ma !A"ABCD E,D . m $ Jª2 (pH ,./) 5 :; +* m *#E $FGH g '«¬yw a92{m %I8&H?5 J$%&'()* `/"®$o 34.S m $ : K+, !A"AL-MD J£#¤C(®5$ 5NE5$ MO;$"A :D5P5 Obsidian . Cliff : SiO, Q./ 11 wt.ῌ *#E Q / I,$O$S/u¯8=28] ./ + wt.ῌ RJS MO SiO, Q./T +.r,mC*r+ Q./0$UVU 1234T AK.°±S *(Y+ 5-W6C7X$Y8S OE\$8=*²³J´9 Z[9\@<U]^=_`H2=F |µX+ ¶· &]V= Terrace Mountain (STOP+,) 21a8b ¸ ¹º¡¢q$£¤»]2*$ ]:c d; 1e *< /6] )$ L*¥¦§¤X+ *Q()< JfA*"Ygh= > 5?i.=*@+j f* k:lA:c*B $ mCD 2*** EFGX HI ,t R fnh5o + J,pqD KC+LMS Z[9rmCRs a/t] u9v w8 = xv2yz%{N|OPQ* Z[9*}QRa/t]~5ST*U a=VW+$O44S Z[9 Smith, R. B. and Braile, L. W. (+32.) Crustal structure and evolution of an explosive silicic volcanic system at Yellowstone National Park. In Explosive Volcanism : Inception, Evolution, and Hazards, National Academy Press, 30῍+++. Smith, R. B. and Siegel, L. (,***) The geologic story of Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks. In Windows into the Earth, Oxford University Press, New York, ,.1 pp.