WFIRST and Subaru in Middle 2020`s

WFIRST and Subaru in Middle 2020’s
Euclid
0.4‐1.8μm
WISH
1‐5μm
Wide‐field Space Missions in 2020’s
WFIRST
0.6‐2μm (option ‐2.4μm)
Wide-field Imaging Surveyor
for High-redshift
超広視野初期宇宙探査衛星計画
ISAS Call for Proposals
was issued (deadline Feb.16)
Toru Yamada on behalf of
JAXA/ISAS WISH Working Group
with the contribution to
WISH Science Workshop
DISCUSSION TODAY
● Sharing Scientific Complementarity and Synergy between
Subaru optical Wide-field Capabilities and WFIRST
(and WISH, Euclid…)
● HSC and PFS SSPs and WFIRST
● Collaborative Survey Strategies toward/in 2020’s
What is the strongest synergy ?
Uniqueness of Subaru (e.g., LSST….)
What is OUR desire ?
● Development of Coronagraph Instrument
Subaru/JAXA heritage and future plan
WFIRST-AFTA
-
NASA ‘s future Flagship Mission in Astronomy
in middle 2020’s after JWST
Wide-area surveys focused, 25%Guest Observations 1.5yrs
- Dark Energy (Precision Cosmology) 2.5yrs
Micro-lensing Exoplanet Survey 1yr
Deep and Wide-field NIR Survey 1yr
High-Contrast Instrument (Coronagraph) 1yr
for Exoplanets
- Current Baseline Model: 2.4m TMA telescope 0.4-2μm
- Instruments
Wide Field Instrument (Imager,grism,IFU) / Coronagraph
- Potential International Interests
Japan (JAXA) / Canada (CSA) / Europe (ESA) / Korea (KASI)
WFIRST-AFTA
● WFIRST is the top-ranked large space mission in the New
Worlds, New Horizon (NWNH) Decadal Survey of Astronomy
and Astrophysics in US (2010).
● It was started with the Design Reference Model (DRM)
with 1.3m diameter telescope (JDEM-like), but in 2012,
the two 2.4m NRO wide-field telescopes (nearly completed)
are given to NASA
 WFIRST Astrophysics Focused Telescope Assets
● High-Contrast Coronagraph Instrument has been
added to the payload for direct imaging of exoplanets
and debris disks (2013)
 step toward future exoplanet-optimized mission
WFIRST-AFTA
Time Line
2013 WFIRST-AFTA SDT started / NASA WFIRST-AFTA Office
2014 Coronagraph Instrument Architectures down selected
(Hybrid Liyot primary / PIAA as backup)
WFIRST-AFTA SDT Interim Report
2015 - Jan WFIRST-AFTA-SDT Final Report
- Feb CATE (cost appraisal and technical evaluation)
- ~ US WFIRST-AFTA Science Team Formulation
(International potential partners will participate)
Maturing key technologies to TRL 5 by FY17
and TRL 6 by FY19
2017 Start of Formulation
2023-25: Launch
WFIRST
DRM1
1.3m
DRM2 1.1m Cost‐down
NRO
2.4m
2012
NASA
に供与
US Astro2010 Decadal survey
“JDEM” の衛星案に基づく
DRM=Design Reference Model
●米国 Decadal Survey で宇宙論、系外惑星（マイクロレンズ）、サーベイの複合計画
●WFIRST‐SDT による検討 (DRM1 / DRM2)
●2012 NASA がNROから2.4m 望遠鏡を供与される。
●WFIRST‐AFTA として2.4m 版を検討
●系外惑星直接観測コロナグラフ装置を加えた案を検討
JWST につづく戦略ミッション
2015/1/15
8
WFIRST-AFTA Instruments
Current Plan for Surveys
A fraction of the survey area
may be located in Northern sky !
D.Spergel in WFIR meeting 2014 Nov
WFIRST: activities in Japan
■ T. Sumi was a member of WFIRST-SDT
■ In 2013, WFIRST-AFTA SDT was formed and JAXA was
invited to send a representative as an observer (T. Yamada)
■ WFIRST Preparative Consortium (連絡会) ~25 members
Great interests of Japanese astronomers, in the field of
cosmology / galaxy formation / Galactic bulge /
microlensing / astrometry / exoplanets
■ Contribution in developing Coronagraph Instrument
(Tamura, Enya, Murakami, Nishikawa, Kotani, ….)
 JAXA/ISAS Space Science Steering Committee
WACO Working Group for Small/International Program
JAXA ISAS WACO Working Group started in 2014
(WG for small/international‐collaboration projects)
Possible hardware contributions for WFIRST/AFTA have been discussed mainly on coronagraph instruments so far in Japan. We call the Japanese contribution part
in WFIRST/AFTA Coronagraph
as “WACO=和光”
“To soften light” in Japanese
Or Japanese pirates （倭寇）
or a Japanese restaurant in Pasadena (WAKO=和光) ??
Possible Japanese Contributions to WFIRST
Coronagraph Instrument
Hardware/development contribution
- polarization module
- innovative masks and analysis techniques
- vacuum testbeds at JAXA/ISAS
- a PIAA module using reflective elements
Wide-field Survey
- Collaborative/Coordinated Ground-based Survey
with PFS (calibration of photo-z)
HSC (optical band)
in northern hemisphere
- HSC/PFS SSPs (to be public by middle 2020’s)
+ Coordinated Survey in 2020’s w/ community support
Micro-lensing survey / Galactic bulge science
- preparative survey / field selection (HSC)
DISCUSSION TODAY
● Sharing Scientific Complementarity and Synergy between
Subaru optical Wide-field Capabilities and WFIRST
(and WISH, Euclid…)
● HSC and PFS SSPs and WFIRST
● Collaborative Survey Strategies toward/in 2020’s
What is the strongest synergy ?
Uniqueness of Subaru (e.g., LSST….)
What is OUR desire ?
● Development of Coronagraph Instrument
Subaru heritage and future plan
Wide-field Surveys
WFIRST High Latitude Survey
Y<26.7 J<26.9 H<26.7 F180<26.2AB
2400deg2 (total)
Northern Hemisphere
- Early observations at HSC/PFS field
- Coordinated New Survey at Pole?
~50-100 deg2
~ 2-4 x HSC SSP Deep (a few100 nights)
~ coordinated with WISH-UDS Survey
27-28AB 1-5μm 100deg2
HSC SSP Survey Depth
WFIRST High Latitude Survey (HLS)
Y<26.7 J<26.9 H<26.7 F180<26.2
2400deg2 (total) HSC‐Wide / WISH‐UWS
HSC‐Deep/ WISH‐UDS
Hubble
0.1‐1.8μm
Spitzer IRAC 3‐10μm
（特に3.6 & 4.5μm バンド）
Akari IRC NIR 2‐5μm
Euclid
0.4‐1.8μm
可視広視野撮像分光＋近赤外測光
精密宇宙論（暗黒エネルギー）
WFIRST
0.6‐2μm (option ‐2.4μm)
WISH
1‐5μm
WFIRST Wide-Field Imager: Filters (Plan)
WFIRST Capabilities and Surveys
+6.3”x6”
点源
5σ
7σ
Guest Observer Capability and
Coronagraph Capabilities
●
コロナグラフ装置について
・太陽系外惑星の直接観測によるキャラクタリゼーションを行うため
これに特化した装置の搭載を検討する。
・ミッションの寿命を５年６年とし、１年間の観測時間を割り当てる。
・NASA Astrophysics 部門では、並行して Probe Class の系外惑星ミッションを
２方式で検討するSTDTを立ち上げていたが、WFIRST‐AFTA コロナグラフが
可能な場合、これに収束する見込み。
・WFIRST は高コントラスト観測に最適化されたミッションではないが、将来の
地球型惑星の直接観測が可能なミッションへの技術的ステップとも位置づける。
・科学目標：
近傍の200個程度の系のサーベイ、~10‐20個の4地球半径以上の惑星の多色撮像
~6‐10個の巨大惑星の分光、最大4個程度の4地球半径以下の惑星の直接検出
・13年12月にコロナグラフ装置のアーキテクチャを選定、~2016 までに
TRL5~TRL6のレベルでの技術実証を目指す（IWG~0.2”, 10‐9コントラスト、広帯域）
・National Research Council のレビュー(2014/03) では、コスト・スケジュールを
含むリスクに対する強い関心／早期の技術的実証の必要性が指摘されている
2015/1/15
22
Large Scale Structure
2000 sq deg High latitude Survey
Theory HLS Euclid
MW halo
Bullet clusters
CLASH: Cluster lenses
Z > 8 galaxies
Quad lenses: DM sustructure
QSO LF faint end and LF high‐z
Proto‐clusters
Rare galaxy‐galaxy lenses WFIRST Exoplanet Study
2015/1/15
25
WFIRST マイクロレンズ系外惑星研究
Kepler
WFIRST
2015/1/15
26
WFIRST Coronagraph Instrument
2015/1/15
27