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円標点とメッシュ変形法を用いた 靴歩行時足変形の計測 西濵 里英
㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 ᶆⅬ䛸䝯䝑䝅䝳ኚᙧἲ䜢⏝䛔䛯㻌 㠐Ṍ⾜㊊ኚᙧ䛾ィ 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻞㻜㻝㻟 ᖺᗘ㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 すℊ㻌 㔛ⱥ㻌 㻌 㸦୰⾲⣬㸧 Ꮫㄽᩥ ༤ኈ㸦ᕤᏛ㸧 ᶆⅬ࣓ࢵࢩࣗኚᙧἲࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ 㠐Ṍ⾜㊊ኚᙧࡢィ 2013 ᖺᗘ ᠕⩏ሿᏛᏛ㝔⌮ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉ すℊ 㔛ⱥ 㸦ᵝᘧ⏥ 3㸧 ሗ࿌␒ྕ ㄽ ⏥ ➨ ྕ ᩥ せ Ặ ྡ ᪨ すℊ 㔛ⱥ ㄽ ᩥ 㢟 ┠㸸 ᶆⅬ࣓ࢵࢩࣗኚᙧἲࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㠐Ṍ⾜㊊ኚᙧࡢィ 㸦ෆᐜࡢせ᪨㸧 㠐Ṍ⾜ࡣ㸪➽άືࡼࡿ㛵⠇㐠ື㠐ࢆࡋࡓእຊࡢస⏝ࡼࡗ࡚㸪㊊ࡢ⾲㠃㌾⤌⧊ ࡀ」㞧ኚᙧࡍࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪㠐ࢆ㊊㐺ྜࡉࡏࡿࡣ㸪ࡇࡢኚᙧࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ ࡗࡓ㸬ືⓗ࡞ 3 ḟඖᙧ≧ࡢィ ࡣ㸪ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥගᢞᙳࡸከᶆⅬィ ࡞㸪ᵝࠎ࡞᪉ἲࡀᥦ ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪ࡇࢀࡽࡢ᪉ἲ࡛㠐そࢃࢀࡓ㊊ࡢືⓗኚᙧࢆィ ࡍࡿࡇࡣᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬 ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪ᚑ᮶ࡢືసィ ࡛⏝࠸ࡿᑕ⌫ᶆⅬࢆᑕᶆⅬ௦࠼㸪㏱᫂⏥⣲ᮦࡢᐇ㦂㠐 ࢆ⏝ࡋ࡚㠐Ṍ⾜୰ࡶ㊊㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬࡢ 3 ḟඖィ ࢆ⾜࠼ࡿࡼ࠺ࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪㊊ࡢせ㦵 ᱁ࣔࢹࣝ㟼Ṇ┤❧ࡢ㊊ᙧ≧࣓ࢵࢩࣗࣔࢹࣝࢆ⏝࠸㸪࣓ࢵࢩࣗࣔࢹࣝࡢ≉ᚩⅬ⨨ࢆィ ࡋࡓ㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬ⨨ྜࢃࡏࡿࡇ࡛㸪㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊㒊ࡢ㛵⠇㐠ື⾲㠃ఙ⦰ࡢྠ᥎ᐃࢆ ⾜࠺ᡭἲࢆ㛤Ⓨࡋࡓ㸬ࡉࡽ㸪ᥦᡭἲࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࣁࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧࢆィ ࡋ㸪ኚ ᙧࡢ≉ᚩࢆ♧ࡍࡶ㸪ᮏᡭἲࡢ㠐㛤Ⓨࡢᛂ⏝ࡢྍ⬟ᛶࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸬 ➨ 1 ❶࡛ࡣ㸪◊✲ࡢ⫼ᬒ⨨࡙ࡅ㸪࠾ࡼࡧ᪂つᛶ᭷⏝ᛶࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸬 ➨ 2 ❶࡛ࡣ㸪᪂ࡓ࡞ィ ᡭἲࢆᥦࡋࡓ㸬ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ㸪㊊㐠ື㛵ࢃࡿせ࡞㦵᱁ᵓ㐀ࢆ 4 ⠇ࡢࣜࣥࢡᵓ㐀༢⣧ࡋ㸪ྛࣜࣥࢡࡢືࡁࢆグ㏙ࡍࡿ㊊⾲㠃ୖࡢ㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬ 20 ⅬࢆᶆⅬ ⨨ᐃࡵ㸪ࡇࡢ⨨ཌࡉ 0.2 mm ┤ᚄ 5 mm ࡢᶆⅬࢆ㈞ࡿࡇ࡛㸪⏥ࢆ㏱᫂⣲ᮦ௦࠼ ࡓᐇ㦂㠐ࢆᒚࡅࡿࡼ࠺ࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪࠶ࡽࡌࡵ⏝ពࡋࡓ㟼Ṇ㊊ᆺ࣓ࢵࢩࣗࢆ㸪ィ ࡋࡓᶆ Ⅼ⨨ࣇࢵࢸࣥࢢࡍࡿࡇ࡛㸪Ṍ⾜୰ࡢྛⅬࡢ㊊⾲㠃ᙧ≧ᶆⅬ㛫ࡢఙ⦰㔞ࢆ᥎ᐃ ࡋࡓ㸬ࡉࡽ㸪㦵᱁䝰䝕䝹䜢⏝䛔䛶䠈ィ 䛧䛯ᶆⅬ⨨䛛䜙㛵⠇㐠ື䜢᥎ᐃ䛧䛯䠊࡞࠾㸪⿕㦂 ⪅ࡢ㊊ᆺ࣓ࢵࢩࣗࡣ㸪 ගᏛᘧ 3D ࢹࢪࢱࢨ࡛ྲྀᚓࡋࡓ㟼Ṇ❧ࡢ㊊ᙧ≧㔜࡞ࡿࡼ࠺ 㸪ࢸࣥࣉ࣮ࣞࢺ࣓ࢵࢩࣗࢆኚᙧࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡛సᡂࡋࡓ㸬 ➨ 3 ❶࡛ࡣ㸪ᥦᡭἲࡢ⢭ᗘᐇ⏝ᛶࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪㦵᱁⨨య⾲㠃ᶆⅬ⨨ࡢࡎ ࢀ㔞ࢆ㉸㡢Ἴ⏬ീィ ⨨࡛ィ ࡋ㸪ࡎࢀ㔞ࡀ㛵⠇ゅᗘ࠼ࡿᙳ㡪ࡣᑠࡉ࠸ࡇࢆ☜ㄆࡋ ࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪㏱᫂⏥⣲ᮦࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࡢᶆⅬࡢ 3 ḟඖィ ⢭ᗘࡣ㸪⌫ᶆⅬࡼࡾࡶᶆⅬࡢ᪉ࡀ㸪 ࡑࡢ୰ᚰࡀ㊊⾲㠃㏆࠸ࡓࡵ㸪ᑍἲ⢭ᗘࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿࡇࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓ㸬 3D 䝕䝆䝍䜲䝄䛻䜘䜛ィ ᙧ≧䛸ᮏᡭἲ䛻䜘䜛᥎ᐃᙧ≧䜢ẚ㍑䛧䛯⤖ᯝ䠈ᖜ᪉ྥࡢㄗᕪࡣ᭱ 2 mm㸪࿘㛗ㄗᕪࡣ㸪ኚᙧ ࡀࡁ࠸㊊㤳㏆࡛ࡶ᭱ 2.5 mm ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ᐇ⏝ୖ༑ศ࡞⢭ᗘࢆ᭷ࡍࡿࡇࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸬 ➨ 4 ❶࡛ࡣ㸪ᮏᡭἲࡢᛂ⏝ࡋ࡚㸪ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧࢆィ ࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡼࡾ㸪 ࣄ࣮ࣝ㧗ࡼࡗ࡚㦵᱁ጼໃࡣኚࡍࡿࡀ㸪ᒅఙ᪉ྥࡢ㛵⠇㐠ືࡸయ⾲㠃✚ኚ⋡ࡢኚഴྥ ࡣ〄㊊Ṍ⾜ࡰ➼ࡋ࠸ࡇࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪య⾲㠃ఙ⦰ศᕸࡑࡢ㛫ኚࢆ♧ࡋ㸪㊊ 㠐ࡢᅛᐃ᪉ἲࡸ㐺ྜᛶࡢྥୖᡭẁࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓ㸬ࡉࡽ㸪㋖㞳ᆅ┤๓࡛ࡣ㸪㊊࣮ࢳࡀపୗ ࡋ㸪୰㊊㦵ࡀᗈࡀࡗ࡚㊊ᅖࡀቑຍࡍࡿࡇࢆ⏝ࡋ࡚ᒚࡁཱྀࢆ⥾ࡵࡿᶵᵓࢆᥦࡋ㸪ᒚࡁཱྀ ࡀࡁࡃ㛤࠸ࡓ፬ே㠐࡛ࡶ㋖ࡎࢀࢆ㍍ῶ࡛ࡁࡿࡇࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸬 ➨ 5 ❶࡛ࡣ㸪ᮏᥦࡢࡲࡵࡶ㸪ᚋࡢㄢ㢟ᒎᮃࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸬 㸦ᵝᘧ⏥ 4㸧 SUMMARY OF Ph.D. DISSERTATION School Integrated Design Engineering Student Identification Number SURNAME, First name NISIHAMA, Rie Title Measurement of Dynamic Foot Deformation Using Circular Markers and Mesh Deformation Abstract Human feet deform greatly during walking because of muscle activity of the foot and pressure from shoes. To design well-fitting shoes, dynamic foot deformation must be quantified. Dynamic 3D foot shapes are measured using various methods such as using projection of pattern light or measuring multi-point markers on the foot. However these methods present difficulty when measuring a foot shape in shoes. Using circular markers and a transparent shoe with a motion-capture system, this study can record motions of anatomical landmarks of the foot surface during shoe walking. Using this method, this study proposes a process for simultaneous estimation of foot joint motions and foot-surface deformation during shoe walking from motions of anatomical landmarks, based on a foot segment model and mesh deformation. Furthermore, measuring foot deformation during high-heel walking using this method revealed features of deformation during walking and the potential for application of this method for shoe design. In chapter 1, the background, positioning, novelty, and usefulness of this study are described. Chapter 2 presents a summary of the proposed method. The principal skeletal structure related foot motions were simplified to a four-link model. Marker positions were set to 20 anatomical landmarks on the foot surface to construct the four-link model. After attaching small thin circular markers (t, 0.5 mm; r, 2.5 mm) to these positions, transparent shoes are worn. Foot joint motions are calculated from a foot segment model based on motions of the 20 markers recorded using a motion capture system. Foot-surface deformation was estimated by deforming a standing 3D foot mesh to fit landmarks of a standing foot mesh to 20 anatomical landmarks in walking. A standing foot mesh of each subject was made by deforming a template of a foot mesh to a standing foot shape using a 3D digitizer In chapter 3, the proposed technique is evaluated. Skin displacement of markers and anatomical landmarks are confirmed as small and not affecting the calculation of joint angles. Furthermore, the accuracy of recorded circular markers through a transparent shoe is higher than that of sphere markers because they are attached closer to the foot surface. To evaluate accuracy, two foot-surface deformation results were obtained using the proposed method and a 3D digitizer. Surface distances between the markers were calculated from the results. Calculated results show that the error of circumference was 2.5 mm maximum, even near the ankle. This method has sufficient accuracy for practical use. In chapter 4, as an example of an application, foot deformation was measured during high-heel walking. Foot deformation during the stance phase was similar during barefoot and high-heel walking: relative motion between the midfoot and forefoot segment was similar because of the change of the longitudinal arch, as was the pattern of highly deformed and slightly deformed foot surface regions. Using the measured data, a mechanism for reducing slippage of ladies’ pumps was proposed. Chapter 5 presents a summary of results along with challenges and prospects for the future. i ᶆⅬ࣓ࢵࢩࣗኚᙧἲࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ 㠐Ṍ⾜㊊ኚᙧࡢィ ┠ḟ ➨ 1 ❶ ᗎㄽ1 1㸬◊✲⫼ᬒ ········································································································1 2㸬㠐〇㐀ࡢᐇ㝿 ··································································································4 2.1 㠐ࡢ〇㐀᪉ἲ ·······························································································4 2.2 ㊊ኚᙧࡢᑐᛂ ···························································································7 3㸬㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ ࡢ⌧≧ㄢ㢟 ····································································8 3.1 㛵⠇㐠ື ···································································································8 3.2 ᑍἲ࣭⾲㠃ᙧ≧ኚ࣭⾲㠃ఙ⦰ ·····································································9 3.3 㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ ࡢㄢ㢟ゎỴ᪉㔪 ······················································· 10 4㸬ᮏ◊✲ࡢ┠ⓗ࠾ࡼࡧᵓᡂ ················································································· 12 4.1 ᮏ◊✲ࡢ┠ⓗ࠾ࡼࡧ≉ᚩ ············································································ 12 4.1.1 ᮏ◊✲ࡢ┠ⓗ ······················································································ 12 4.1.2 ᮏ◊✲ࡢ᪂つᛶ ··················································································· 12 4.1.3 ᮏ◊✲ࡢ᭷⏝ᛶ ··················································································· 13 4.2 ᮏ◊✲ࡢᵓᡂ ··························································································· 14 ➨ 2 ❶ ືⓗ㊊ኚᙧィ ᡭἲ15 1㸬ィ ᪉㔪 ······································································································ 15 2㸬ィ ᪉ἲࡢᴫせ ····························································································· 16 3㸬⏝ࡋࡓィ ᶵ ····························································································· 17 3.1 ィ ᶵᴫせ ······························································································ 16 3.2 ᶆⅬ ···································································································· 19 4㸬㦵᱁ࣔࢹࣝࡢᵓᡂ ·························································································· 20 5㸬㟼Ṇ❧ᙧ≧ࡢྲྀᚓ ······················································································· 24 5.1 ᴫせ ······································································································· 24 5.2 㟼Ṇ❧ᙧ≧ࡢィ ·················································································· 24 5.3 㟼Ṇ㊊࣓ࢵࢩࣗྲྀᚓ᪉ἲ ············································································ 27 6㸬Ṍ⾜୰ࡢᶆⅬ⨨ࡢྲྀᚓ ················································································· 30 6.1 ᴫせ ······································································································· 30 ii 6.2 ᶆⅬ⨨ィ ᪉ἲ ····················································································· 31 7㸬Ṍ⾜୰ࡢ㛵⠇㐠ື㊊ᙧ≧ࡢ᥎ᐃ ····································································· 36 7.1 ᴫせ ······································································································· 36 7.2 ㊊ᙧ≧ࡢ᥎ᐃ᪉ἲ ····················································································· 36 7.3 ᐇ㝿ࡢィ⟬᪉ἲ ························································································ 38 8㸬ィ ········································································································· 39 9㸬Ṍ⾜୰㊊ኚᙧ≉ᚩ㔞 ······················································································· 42 9.1 㛵⠇㐠ື ································································································· 42 9.2 ᩿㠃ᙧ≧ ································································································· 44 9.3 ࿘㛗ኚ ································································································· 45 9.4 ㊊⾲㠃ఙ⦰ ······························································································ 46 10㸬ᮏ❶ࡢࡲࡵ······························································································· 47 ➨ 3 ❶ ィ ᡭἲࡢጇᙜᛶࡢ᳨ド48 1㸬᪉㔪 ············································································································ 48 2㸬⓶ୖᶆⅬ㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬࡢࡎࢀࡢ☜ㄆ ···························································· 49 2.1 ┠ⓗ ······································································································· 49 2.2 ᪉㔪 ······································································································· 50 2.3 ᪉ἲ ······································································································· 50 2.4 ⤖ᯝ ······································································································· 54 2.5 ⪃ᐹ ······································································································· 54 3㸬ᶆⅬࣅࢽ࣮ࣝ㉺ࡋ࡛ࡢᶆⅬ⨨ィ ࡢ᳨ド ··················································· 56 3.1 ┠ⓗ ······································································································· 56 3.2 ᪉ἲ ······································································································· 56 3.3 ⤖ᯝ ······································································································· 57 4㸬ኚᙧ⢭ᗘࡢ᳨ド ····························································································· 59 4.1 ┠ⓗ ······································································································· 59 4.2 ᪉ἲ ······································································································· 59 4.3 ⤖ᯝ ······································································································· 60 4.4 ࡲࡵ ···································································································· 65 5㸬ࡲࡵ ········································································································· 68 ➨ 4 ❶ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ 69 1㸬᪉ἲ ············································································································ 69 1.1 ⿕㦂⪅ ···································································································· 69 1.2 ᪉ἲ ······································································································· 69 iii 1.3 ⟬ฟࡋࡓ㊊ኚᙧ≉ᚩ㔞 ··············································································· 69 2㸬⤖ᯝ ············································································································ 70 2.1 ㊊ᙧ≧ィ ··························································································· 70 2.2 㛵⠇ゅᗘ ································································································· 71 2.3 ᩿㠃ᙧ≧ ································································································· 79 2.4 ㊊⾲㠃ఙ⦰ศᕸ ························································································ 81 2.5 ࡲࡵ ···································································································· 83 3㸬ඛ⾜◊✲ࡢẚ㍑ ·························································································· 84 4㸬፬ே㠐㛤Ⓨࡢᛂ⏝ ······················································································· 86 4.1 ࣃࣥࣉࢫṌ⾜୰ࡢ㋖ࡎࢀ ············································································ 86 4.2 ㋖㞳ᆅࡢ㊊ኚᙧ ····················································································· 87 4.3 ፬ே㠐ࡢ㋖ࡎࢀ㍍ῶ᪉ἲ ············································································ 89 4.4 ヨస ······································································································· 91 4.5 ホ౯ ······································································································· 92 4.5.1 ᅛᐃຊቑຍࡢ☜ㄆ ················································································ 92 4.4.2 ࣛࣥࡼࡿᅛᐃຊ㠐ࡢᒅ᭤◳ࡉࡢ㛵ಀ··············································· 95 4.5.3 ㋖ࡢࡎࢀࡢホ౯ ··················································································· 97 5㸬ᮏ❶ࡢࡲࡵ ·······························································································105 ➨ 5 ❶ ⤖ㄽ106 ㅰ㎡107 ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩108 1 ➨ 1 ❶ ᗎㄽ ➨㸯❶ ᗎㄽ 㸯㸬◊✲⫼ᬒ ㊊ࡣ㸪ᅗ 1-1 ♧ࡍ 24 ಶࡢ㦵ࡽᵓᡂࡉࢀ㸪ᅗ 1-2 ࡢ㋖㦵❧᪉㦵㛫㸪㊥㦵⯚≧㦵㛫 ࡢ㛵⠇ࢆྜࢃࡏࡓᶓ㊊᰿㛵⠇㸪❧᪉㦵࠾ࡼࡧ 3 ࡘࡢᴂ≧㦵 5 ࡘࡢ୰㊊㦵㛫ࡢ୰㊊㊊᰿ 㛵⠇ࡼࡾ㸪ᚋ㊊㒊㸪୰㊊㒊㸪๓㊊㒊ࡢ 3 㒊ู࡛ࡁࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡽࡢ㦵᱁ࡼࡾࠊ㊊ࡣ ᅗ 1-3 ♧ࡍ⦪ᶓࡢ࣮ࢳࢆᙧᡂࡋࠊᗏഃ㋖⯚㠌ᖏ࡞ࡢ㊊ᗏࡢ㠌ᖏࡼࡾ㸪Ṍ⾜୰స⏝ ࡍࡿ➽ຊᗋຊࢆ࣮ࢳᵓ㐀ࡢኚᙧࡼࡗ࡚⦆⾪ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪Ṍ⾜୰ࡣ㸪㊊ 㛗㸪ᖜ㸪㧗ࡉ᪉ྥࡑࢀࡒࢀ 10 mm ኚࡋ 1-5㸧㸪㊊ࡢ᩿㠃ᙧ≧ࡶኚࡍࡿ 6㸧㸬 ➨୰⠇㦵 ➨୰㊊㦵 ❧᪉㦵 ➨୰㊊㦵 㢌 ➨୍ᴂ≧㦵 ➨୍୰㊊㦵 ∎ඛഃ ㋖㦵 ㊥㦵 ➨୍ᮎ⠇㦵 ➨୍ᇶ⠇㦵 ➨୕ᴂ≧㦵 ⯚≧㦵 ᗏ ㋖ഃ ➨ᴂ≧㦵 a. 㦵ࡢྡ⛠ ᅗ1-2㊊ࢆᵓᡂࡍࡿ㦵 㠐ᆺ ᅗ 1-1 b. ୰㊊㦵ࡢᙧែ 2 ➨ 1 ❶ ᗎㄽ ୰㊊㊊᰿㛵⠇ ᶓ㊊᰿㛵⠇ ๓㊊㒊 ᚋ㊊㒊 ୰㊊㒊 ᅗ 1-2 ㊊ࡢせ㛵⠇ 㸦๓㸧ᶓ࣮ࢳ እഃ⦪࣮ࢳ ෆഃ⦪࣮ࢳ 㸦㸧ᶓ࣮ࢳ a. ࣮ࢳ⨨ ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌 ㋖㦵⤖⠇ b. ෆഃ⦪࣮ࢳ ㋖㦵⤖⠇ ➨୰㊊㦵㢌 c. እഃ⦪࣮ࢳ ᅗ1-2 㠐ᆺ ᅗ 1-3 ㊊࣮ࢳᵓ㐀 㠐ࡣ㸪㊊ࢆಖㆤࡋ㸪Ṍ⾜ࢆ⿵ຓࡍࡿᶵ⬟ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿࡀ㸪㊊㠐ࡢ㐺ྜᛶࡀᝏ࠸ሙྜࡣ㸪㊊ ࡢኚᙧࢆᣊ᮰ࡍࡿࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎ㸪ኚᙧࢆቑࡉࡏࡿሙྜࡶ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ㸪ࡁࡘࡵࡢ㠐ࡣ㸪 ᫂ࡽ㊊ࡢኚᙧࢆࡶࡓࡽࡍࡀ㸪ࡺࡿࡵ࡛ࡶ㸪㊊㠐ࡢᅛᐃຊࡀ㊊ࡋ㸪㊊ࡀ㠐ෆ࡛ࡿ ࡇࡼࡾ㸪㊊ᣦࡢኚᙧࡸ㊊ᗏࡢ⬞⬉࡞⮳ࡿࡇࡶ࠶ࡿ㸬≉፬ே㠐࡛ࡣ㸪⏥ࡀࡁ ࡃ✵࠸ࡓࣁࣄ࣮ࣝࡸ∎ඛࡢᑤࡗࡓࢹࢨࣥࡀከࡃ㸪㠐ෆࡢࡾࡼࡗ࡚㸪⏥ࡢཱྀ࿘ࡾࡢ 㣗࠸㎸ࡳ 7㸧ࡸ㊊๓᪉㒊ࡢᅽຊ㞟୰ࡀ㉳ࡇࡾࡸࡍ࠸ࡇ 8,9㸧ࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡋࡋ㸪⫋✀ ࡼࡗ࡚ࡣ㸪ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞㠐ࢆ㛗㛫ᒚࡁ⥆ࡅ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡇࡶ࠶ࡾ 10,11㸧 㸪ࣇࢵࢩ ࣙࣥᛶࢆಖࡗࡓࡲࡲ㐺ྜᛶࢆྥୖࡍࡿࡇࡀồࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ㸬 ⣽㛗ࡽࡣ㸪ᡂேዪᛶࡢ〄㊊㠐╔⏝ࡢ㊊๓᪉㒊ࡢ X ⥺┿ࢆᙳࡋ㸪㠐╔⏝࡛ࡣ ㊊ᖜ㊊ඛᖜࡀࡁࡃῶᑡࡋ㸪๓㊊㒊ࡢᙧ≧ࢆ⾲ࡍ㊊ᣦࡢゅᗘࡣ㠐ࡢᙧ≧ྜࢃࡏ࡚ⴭࡋ ࡃኚࡍࡿࡇࢆሗ࿌ࡋࡓ 12㸧 㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ሯࡽࡣ㸪㠐ࡢ㍯㒌⥺㊊ࡢ㍯㒌⥺ࢆẚ㍑ࡋ㸪⏨ᛶ ẚ࡚ዪᛶࡢ᪉ࡀ㸪㊊ᖜࡼࡾ⣽࠸㸪ࡁࡘࡵࡢ㠐ࢆᒚ࠸࡚࠸ࡿሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ 13㸧㸬 ࡉࡽ㸪ᅗ 1-4 ࡢࡼ࠺㸪㊊ᙧ≧ࡣࣄ࣮ࣝ㧗࡛ࡁࡃኚᙧࡋ㸪୰ᗏࡢᙧ≧ࡼࡗ࡚ࡶኚ ࡍࡿ㸬ሯࡽ 14㸧ࡣ㸪㊊ࡢ▼⭯ᆺࢆྲྀࡾ㸪ࣄ࣮ࣝ㧗ࡉ㊊ᑍἲࡢ㛵ಀࢆㄪࠊࣄ࣮ࣝࡀ㧗ࡃ 3 ➨ 1 ❶ ᗎㄽ ╔⏝๓ ╔⏝๓ ╔⏝ᚋ ╔⏝ᚋ a. ⏥ࡼࡿኚᙧ b. ୰ᗏࡼࡿኚᙧ ᅗ1-2 ᅗ 1-4㠐ࡢ╔⏝ࡼࡿ㊊ࡢኚᙧ 㠐ࡢ╔⏝ࡼࡿ㊊ࡢኚᙧ ࡞ࡿ㊊ᅖࡣῶᑡࡋ㸪㧗ࡉ᪉ྥࡢ㡯┠㸦ᴂ≧㦵Ⅼ㧗ࡉ࡞㸧ࡣቑຍࡍࡿሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 Kouchi ࡽ 15㸧ࡣ㸪㊊ࡢ㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬᗙᶆ 3 ḟඖᙧ≧ࡼࡾ㸪ࣄ࣮ࣝࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿ㸪ෆഃ࣮ ࢳ㛗ࡣ㊊ᖜࡣᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡾ㸪ࡲࡓ㸪㊊᩿㠃ࡣ㸪ᡥᖹᗘࡀᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚㸪㊊ࡀෆഃಽࢀ㎸ ࡴࡼ࠺ᅇෆࡍࡿࡇࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬୰ᗏࡢᙧ≧ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪Witana ࡽ 16㸧 ࡀ㸪ࣁࣄ࣮ ࣝࡢ୰ᗏゅᗘࢆኚ࠼ࡿࡇ࡛㸪ᛌ㐺࡞୰ᗏ᮲௳ࢆồࡵࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪㋖㦵㸪㊥㦵㸪❧᪉㦵㸪⯚≧ 㦵ࡀ୰ᗏࡢ㋖㒊ᩜࢀࡿࣄ࣮ࣝࢩ࣮ࢺୖ࠶ࡾ㸪ࣄ࣮ࣝࢩ࣮ࢺ➃ࡀ⯚≧ᴂ≧㦵㛵⠇㏆ ࡃࡿࡇࡀ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࢆ♧၀ࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪Lee ࡽ 17㸧 ࡣ㸪㏻ᖖࡢ፬ே㠐୰ᩜࡁࢆධ ࢀࡓṌ⾜ࡋࡓࡇࢁ㸪๓㊊㒊ࡿⲴ㔜ࡀᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡾ㸪㐺ྜឤࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡿሗ࿌ࡋ࡚ ࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪㠐ࡼࡿ㊊ᗏࡢᨭᣢ᮲௳ࡼࡗ࡚㸪㊊ጼໃࡀ␗࡞ࡾ㸪㐺ྜឤᙳ㡪ࢆ ࠼ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬 ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪㠐ࡢ㐺ྜᗘࢆ㧗ࡵࡿࡓࡵࡣ㸪ᚲせ࡞ᅛᐃຊࢆ⏥యศᩓࡉࡏ㸪㛵⠇ࡸ ➽ࡢ㈇ᢸࢆᑠࡉࡃࡍࡿࡇࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢᨵၿࡣ㸪㠐Ṍ⾜୰ࡢ㊊ࡢᣲືࢆヲ⣽ᢕ ᥱࡍࡿࡇࡀᇶᮏ࡞ࡿ㸬࠼ࡤ㸪Ṍ⾜୰ࡢ㊊ᙧ≧ࡸ⾲㠃ఙ⦰ศᕸࢆᢕᥱࡋ㸪㊊ᙧ≧ࡢኚ ࡸ⾲㠃ࡢఙ⦰ᛂࡌࡓ㠐ᆺタィࡸ⣲ᮦ㑅ᢥࡀᚲせ࡞ࡿ㸬 ௨ୖࡼࡾ㸪ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪ࣁࣄ࣮ࣝ࡞㊊ࢆኚᙧࡉࡏࡸࡍ࠸㠐ࢆᒚࡃࡇࡀከ࠸ዪᛶ ὀ┠ࡋ㸪㊊㠐ࡢ㐺ྜᛶࢆ㧗ࡵࡿࡓࡵ㸪㠐Ṍ⾜୰ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ ᡭἲࢆ㛤Ⓨࡋࡓ㸬 4 ➨ 1 ❶ ᗎㄽ 㸰㸬㠐〇㐀ࡢᐇ㝿 㸰.㸯 㠐ࡢ〇㐀᪉ἲ ᅗ 1-5 ୍⯡ⓗ࡞㠐ࡢ〇సᕤ⛬ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬⌧௦ࡢ㠐ࡣ㸪ࡰࡍ࡚ࡀ㔞⏘ࡉࢀࡓᕤᴗ〇ရ ࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ᅗ㠃࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪㠐ᆺࡤࢀࡿᅗ 1-5a ࡢ❧యࣔࢹࣝࢆᇶྛࣃ࣮ࢶࡀタィ࣭〇 సࡉࢀࡿ㸬ලయⓗࡣ㸪㠐ᆺྜࢃࡏ࡚⣬ᆺࢆタィࡋ㸪⏥ࡢ⣲ᮦࢆ᩿ࡍࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪⏥⣲ ᮦࡢ⿵ᙉᮦ࡛࠶ࡿࣄ࣮ࣝ࢝࢘ࣥࢱ࣮ࡸඛⰺࢆຍ࠼㸪❧యⓗ⦭࠸ྜࢃࡏ࡚ᒎ㛤ࡋࡓ⏥ࢆస ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ูᕤ⛬࡛㸪୰ᗏ⾲ᗏࢆ㈞ࡾࡅ㸪㠐ᆺ⏥ࢆࡪࡏࡿඹᗏ㒊ࢆᙜ࡚㸪୧ ⪅ࢆ㈞ࡾࡅࡲࡓࡣ⦭࠸ࡅࡿ㸬᥋ྜࡣ㸪⏥㒊ᮦ࿘ᅖᙇຊࢆຍ࠼㸪㠐ᆺᐦ╔ࡉࡏ ࡿ㸬ࡑࡢᚋ㸪ຍ ࡸࡘࡸฟࡋ࡞ࢆ⾜࠸㸪᭱ᚋ㠐ᆺࢆᢤ࠸࡚ᡂࡍࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡼ࠺㸪㠐 ࡢ୍㊊୍㊊ࡀ㸪㠐ᆺࢆ㗪ᆺࡢࡼ࠺ࡋ࡚సࡽࢀࡿ㸬 a. 㠐ᆺ b. 㠐ᆺྜࢃࡏ㸪ᮦᩱࢆ᩿ࡍࡿ ඛⰺ ⏥ 㠐 ᆺ ⏥ࡢ⦭࠸ࡘࡅ ୰ᗏ ࣄ࣮ࣝ࢝࢘ࣥࢱ࣮ c. ⏥ࢆᵓᡂࡍࡿᮦᩱࢆ⦭〇ࡍࡿ d. 㠐ᆺ⏥ࢆࡪࡏࡿ 㠐ᆺ ࣄ࣮ࣝ ⏥ e. 㠐ᆺ㏻ࡾ㸪㠉ࢆఙࡤࡋᅛᐃࡍࡿ f. ࣄ࣮ࣝࢆྲྀࡾࡅࡿ ᅗ 1-5 㠐ࡢ〇㐀ᕤ⛬㸦ᩥ⊩ 18㸧ࢆᨵ⦅㸧 5 ➨ 1 ❶ ᗎㄽ 㠐ᆺࡣ㸪㟼Ṇࡢ 20 㡯┠௨ୖࡢ㊊ᑍἲ㊊ᗏእ㒌ᙧ≧ࢆᇶ㸪ࣄ࣮ࣝ㧗ࡸࡘࡲඛᙧ≧࡞ ࡢࣇࢵࢩࣙࣥᛶ㸪࠾ࡼࡧ㸪ᚋ㏙ࡍࡿ㊊ࡢኚᙧࡸ⏥⣲ᮦࡢఙ⦰ᛶ࡞ࢆ⥲ྜⓗ⪃៖ࡋ ࡚㸪⤒㦂ⓗసࡽࢀࡿࡇࡀከ࠸㸬ࡇࢀࢆ࣐ࢫࢱ࣮ࣔࢹࣝࡧ㸪ࡇࢀࢆೌ࠸᪕┙࡛ᣑ ⦰ᑠࡋ㸪ࢧࢬᒎ㛤ࡋࡓ⏕⏘⏝㠐ᆺࢆ๐ࡾฟࡍ㸬 ௦⾲ⓗ࡞㊊ᑍἲࢆᅗ 1-6㸪⾲ 1-1 ♧ࡍ㸬㊊㛗㸪㊊ᖜ㸪㋖ᖜ㸪㊊ᅖ㸪ࣄ࣮ࣝᅖ࡞ࡢ㊊ᑍ ἲࡢィ ࡣ㸪୍⯡ⓗࡣ࣐ࣝࢳࣥᘧࡢ㌟యᑍἲィ ⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡿ⟶≧ィ㸪ືィࡸᕳᑻ ࡞ࡀ⏝࠸ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ 19㸧㸬㊊㛗ࡣ㸪ᅗ 1-7 ࡢࣇࢵࢺࢤ࣮ࢪࢆ⏝࠸ࡿሙྜࡸ㸪ᅗ 1-8 ࡢࢫࢡࣛ ࣂ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸࡚㊊ࢆᖹ㠃ୖᢞᙳࡋ㸪㊊ࡢእ㒌ᙧ≧ࡽ㛫᥋ⓗồࡵࡿ᪉ἲࡶ࠶ࡿ 19㸧 㸬ࡲ ࡓ㸪᭱㏆࡛ࡣ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢫ࢟ࣕࣥࡸ⏬ീฎ⌮ࡼࡿ 3 ḟඖィ ࡛㸪タィ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ㈍ಁ㐍⏝ ㊊ᙧ≧ࡸ㊊ᑍἲࢆồࡵࡿࡇࡶヨࡳࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ 20㸪21㸧㸬 ⭌ഃ୰㊊Ⅼ ⭌ഃ୰㊊Ⅼ ճ㊊ᖜ ղ㊊ᅖ ⬯ഃ୰㊊Ⅼ ձ㊊㛗 ㊊㍈ ⬯ഃ୰㊊Ⅼ մ㋖ᖜ ㊊㛗ࡢ16㸣 a㸬┤᥋ィ b㸬㛫᥋ィ ᅗ㸳 ㊊ᑍἲࡢᐃ⩏ ᅗ 1-6 ㊊ᑍἲࡢᐃ⩏ ⾲1-2 ⾲ 1-1㊊ᑍἲࡢᐃ⩏ ㊊ᑍἲࡢᐃ⩏ ྡ⛠ ᐃ⩏ ㊊㛗 ㋖Ⅼࡽ㊊ඛⅬࡲ࡛ࡢィ ჾࡢഃᯈᑐࡍࡿᢞᙳ㛗 ㊊ᖜ ㍯㒌ᅗୖ࠾ࡋࡓ⬯ഃ୰㊊Ⅼࡽ⭌ഃ୰㊊Ⅼࡲ࡛ࡢ┤⥺㊥㞳 ㊊ᅖ ⬯ഃ୰㊊Ⅼ⭌ഃ୰㊊Ⅼࢆ㏻ࡿ㊊ࡢ࿘㛗 ㍯㒌ᅗୖ࡛㊊㍈㸦㋖Ⅼ➨ᣦඛ➃ࢆ⤖ࡪ┤⥺㸧ἢࡗ࡚㸪 ㋖ᖜ ㋖Ⅼࡽ㊊㛗ࡢ16㸣ࡢ⨨࡛㊊㍈┤ࡍࡿࡼ࠺ᘬ࠸ࡓ┤⥺ ࡀ㸪㍯㒌ෆഃ࠾ࡼࡧእഃࢃࡿⅬࡢ㛫ࡢ㊥㞳㸬 6 ➨ 1 ❶ ᗎㄽ ࣮࣎ࣝ࣌ࣥⰺ ┠┒ࡾ ㊊㛗ྜࢃࡏ࡚ ࢫࣛࢻ ࢫࢡࣛࣂ࣮ ࣌ࣥඛ ᅗ1-2ࣇࢵࢺࢤ࣮ࢪ ࣇࢵࢺࢤ࣮ࢪ ᅗ 1-7 ᅗ1-2 ᅗ 1-8 ࢫࢡࣛࣂ࣮ ࢫࢡࣛࣂ࣮ ᣦࡢ㛗ࡉẚࡸ㋖ᣦࡢࡘࡅ᰿㒊ࡢᖜẚ࡞ࡣࡁ࡞ಶయᕪࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪እ㒌⥺ࡢ୰ኸ㍈㸦⏬ ീฎ⌮ࡢࢫࢣࣝࢺࣥ㸧ࡢ᭤ࡀࡾලྜࡶ‴᭤᪉ྥࡀ␗࡞ࡿಶయᕪࡀ࠶ࡿ 22,23㸧 㸬≉㸪ዪ ᛶࡢ㊊ࡢಶయᕪࡀࡁ࠸ 24)㸬 ㊊ᙧ≧ࡽ㠐ᆺࡢኚࡣ㸪࣮࢜ࢲ࣮࣓ࢻ㠐ࢆྵࡵ㸪⤒㦂ⓗ⾜ࢃࢀࡿ㸬ࡓࡔࡋ㸪᪤ 〇㠐࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪JIS つ᱁ࡼࡾ㸪ࢧࢬࣆࢵࢳࡀᐃࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ 25㸧㸪㠐ࡢࢹࢨࣥᛂࡌ ࡓᇶ‽㠐ᆺࢆᇶ㊊㛗㊊ᅖ࡛ࢧࢬᒎ㛤㸦ࢢ࣮ࣞࢹࣥࢢ㸧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᇶ‽㠐ᆺసᡂ ࢢ࣮ࣞࢹࣥࢢࡣ㸪ከ㔞ࡢ㊊ᙧ≧ࢆࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫࡋ㸪ࢧࢬࡈࡢ㊊ྛ㒊ࡢ┦ᑐᡂ 㛗ࢆ㸪㠐ᆺࡢࢢ࣮ࣞࢹࣥࢢᫎࡍࡿࡇ 26㸧 ࡞ࡶヨࡳࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪㏆ᖺ࡛ࡣ㸪 3 ḟඖィ ࡋࡓ㊊ᙧ≧ࢹ࣮ࢱࡽ㢮ఝ㠐ᆺࢆ㑅ᐃࡋ㸪ࡇࢀࢆಶே㐺ྜࡋࡓ㠐ᆺᙧ≧ኚ ࡍࡿᡭἲ 27㸧ࡶᥦࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 7 ➨ 1 ❶ ᗎㄽ 㸰㸰 ㊊ኚᙧࡢᑐᛂ 㠐ࡣ㸪Ṍ⾜୰ࡢ㊊ࡢ㛵⠇㐠ືࡸ㌾⤌⧊ࡢࡎࢀ⭾㝯࡞ࢆ྾࡛ࡁ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡀ㸪 ㊊ࡢᅛᐃࡶᚲせ࡞ࡓࡵ㸪⾰᭹ࡢࡼ࠺ࡺࡾ㔞ࢆࡁࡃࡍࡿࡇ࡛㸪ኚᙧࢆ྾ࡍࡿࡇ ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪㊊⣲ᮦࡢኚᙧࡘ࠸࡚ࡶከࡃࡢ◊✲ࡀ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓ㸬 ኳ↛⓶㠉ࡢ≀ᛶ್ࡣ㸪ື≀ࡢయ⾲㠃⨨ࡸ࡞ࡵࡋ᪉㸪Ỉศ㔞࡞ࡼࡗ࡚␗࡞ࡿ 28㸧 㸬ࡇ ࡢࡓࡵ㸪ᵝࠎ࡞᮲௳ୗ࡛ィ ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪⤒㦂ⓗ▱ぢࡢ✚ࡶከ࠸㸬༢⣧࡞ᮦᩱヨ㦂 ௨እࡶ㸪㠐ᆺࢆ⏝ࡋࡓᘬᙇࡾヨ㦂 29㸧 㸪⏥ࡢ㣭ࡾ⦭࠸ࡀ㠉ࡢ≀ᛶ್࠼ࡿᙳ㡪 30㸧 ࡸ㸪 ⾲㠉㠉ࢆ᥋╔ࡍࡿ᥋╔ࡢ㐪࠸ࡼࡿ⏥㠉ࡢఙࡧࡢィ 31㸧࡞ࡶ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 ୍᪉㸪㊊ࡢኚᙧࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪㠐ᆺࡢẁ㝵࡛㸪ᒅ᭤ࡼࡿ㊊㛗ኚᑐᛂࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪㟼Ṇ ❧ࡢ㊊㛗 8㹼20 mm ⛬ᗘࡢ㺀ᤞ࡚ᑍ㺁ࢆຍ࠼㸪㏫㊊ᅖ㒊ࡣ㸪㊊ࡢᅛᐃࡢࡓࡵ㸪ᐇ㝿ࡼ ࡾࡶ⣽ࡃタィࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪፬ே㠐ࡢሙྜ 10㹼20 mm ⛬ᗘࡢࠕẅࡋᑍἲࠖࢆῶࡌ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 ࡲ ࡓ㸪ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢩ࣮ࣗࢬ࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ᮦᩱヨ㦂⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡿ㠀᥋ゐ 3 ḟඖᮦᩱኚᙧ ᐃࢩࢫ ࢸ࣒ࢆ⏝࠸࡚㊊ࡢ⾲㠃ኚᙧࡦࡎࡳࢆィ ࡋ㸪⏥ࡢఙ⦰⣲ᮦࢆኚ࠼ࡿࡇࡀヨࡳࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ 32㸧 㸬 ࡑࡢ㸪⏥ࡀࡁࡃ✵࠸ࡓ፬ே㠐࡛ࡣ㸪ᅛᐃᛶࢆ㧗ࡵࡿࡓࡵࡢࢫࢺࣛࢵࣉ࡞ࡢ㒊ရ ࡶ࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ぢࡓ┠ࡀࡁࡃኚࢃࡿࡓࡵ㸪 ࠼࡞࠸ࡇࡶከ࠸㸬 ௨ୖ♧ࡋࡓࡼ࠺㸪㊊ኚᙧࡢᑐᛂࡣ㸪㊊ᅖࡸ㊊㛗ኚࢆ୰ᚰࡋ࡚⤒㦂ⓗ㠐ᆺᑍ ἲᫎࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡣ㸪ࡋ࡚㸪㊊ࡢືⓗኚᙧ㛵ࡍࡿࢹ࣮ࢱࡀ༑ศ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ 㸪ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࢹ࣮ࢱࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡋ࡚ࡶ㸪㠐タィࡢࡼ࠺ᛂ⏝ࡍࡁࢃࡽ࡞࠸ ࡇࡼࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪ࡇࢀࡽࡢၥ㢟ࢆゎỴࡍࡿᇶ♏࡞ࡿ㸪 ࡑࡶࡑࡶࡢ㠐Ṍ⾜୰ࡢ㊊ኚᙧࢆィ ࡍࡿᡭἲࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿ㸬㊊ኚᙧࡣ㸪㛵⠇ゅᗘኚࡼ ࡿ⢒ኚᙧ㸪㐠ືࡸ➽⭾㶾క࠺⾲㠃ᙧ≧㸦ᑍἲࡸ᩿㠃ᙧ≧ኚࢆྵࡴ㸧ࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪ḟ⠇ ♧ࡍࡼ࠺㸪ᵝࠎ࡞ィ ᡭἲࡀ㛤Ⓨࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓ㸬 8 ➨ 1 ❶ ᗎㄽ 㸱㸬㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ ࡢ⌧≧ㄢ㢟 㸱.㸯 㛵⠇㐠ື Ṍ⾜୰ࡢ㊊㛵⠇㐠ࡣ㸪X ⥺⏬ീࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ┤᥋ィ 33-35㸧ࡸ㸪ィ ࡋࡓ㊊⾲㠃ࡢ㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬ ⨨㦵᱁ࣜࣥࢡࣔࢹࣝࡽ᥎ᐃࡍࡿ᪉ἲ 36-38㸧࡛ゎᯒࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 Fukano ࡽ 33㸧ࡣ㸪 ᙳ᪉ྥࢆኚ࠼ࡓ X ⥺㐃⥆⏬ീࢆ⏝࠸࡚Ṍ⾜୰ࡢෆ࣮ࢳእ࣮ࢳ ࡢ୰㊊㦵ゅᗘኚࢆィ ࡋࡓ㸬་⏝᩿ᒙ⏬ീ࡛ࡶ㦵ࡢ⨨ࢆィ ࡛ࡁࡿࡀ㸪య㔜ࡀࡿ ≧ែ࡛ࡢືⓗ㊊ኚᙧࢆィ ࡍࡿࡇࡣᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ඹ㸪ᖖ⪅ᑐࡍࡿᨺᑕ⥺ࣜ ࢫࢡࢆ⪃៖ࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸㸬 ୍᪉㸪㊊㦵᱁ࢆ๛యࣜࣥࢡࣔࢹࣝࡋ࡚㸪ࡑࡢ┦ᑐゅᗘኚࢆయ⾲㠃ୖ⌧ࢀࡿ㦵➃㒊 ࡞ࡢ≉ᚩⅬ⨨ࡽ᥎ᐃࡍࡿ᪉ἲࡣ㸪⏕యくᛶࡀ࡞ࡃ㸪࣮ࣔࢩࣙࣥ࢟ࣕࣉࢳࣕࢩࢫࢸ ࣒࡞࡛ᐜ᫆ィ ࡛ࡁࡿࡓࡵ㸪ᗈࡃ⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ࡋࡋ㸪࣮ࣔࢩࣙࣥ࢟ࣕ ࣉࢳ࡛ࣕࡣ㸪୍⯡ⓗ⌫ᶆⅬࢆ࠺ࡓࡵ㸪㠐ෆࡢ㊊ィ ࡛ࡣ㸪㛵⠇Ⅼ⨨✰ࢆ✵ࡅ࡚㛵 ⠇Ⅼࢆ㟢ฟࡉࡏ㸪ࡑࡇᶆⅬࢆ㈞ࡾࡘࡅࡿᡭἲࡀྲྀࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ 39㸧 㸬ࡇࡢ᪉ἲ࡛ࡣ㸪㠐ࡢ୍ 㒊ࢆษࡾྲྀࡿࡓࡵ㸪ከᩘࡢᶆⅬࢆ㈞ࡾࡅࡿ㸪⏥ࡢఙ⦰≉ᛶࡸ㊊ࡢᅛᐃᛶࢆ⥔ᣢ࡛ࡁ࡞ ࡃ࡞ࡿ㸬≉㸪ࣃࣥࣉࢫࡢࡼ࠺࡞፬ே㠐ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪⏥ࡢ㠃✚ࡀᑠࡉ࠸ࡓࡵ㸪㠐ࡢධࡾ㒊 ࢆษࡾྲྀࡿࡇࡼࡿᅛᐃᛶࡢᙳ㡪ࡀࡁࡃ㸪㠐╔⏝࡛ࡢᶆⅬィ ࡀᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬ࡇ ࡢࡓࡵ㸪㠐ࡢ㧗㐺ྜタィࡣ㸪㠐╔⏝୰ࡢ㛵⠇㐠ືࡢィ ࢆ㠀くⓗ㸪ࡼࡾ⡆౽⾜࠺ ᪉ἲࡀồࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ㸬 9 ➨ 1 ❶ ᗎㄽ 㸱㸰 ᑍἲ࣭⾲㠃ᙧ≧ኚ࣭⾲㠃ఙ⦰ Ṍ⾜୰ࡢ㊊ࡢᑍἲኚࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪㊊㛗㸪㊊ᅖ㸪㊊ᖜኚࢆⷧ࠸᭤ࡀࡾᱱࡢ⾲㠃ࡦࡎࡳ ኚ࡛ィ 1,2,4㸧 ࡋࡓࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢ᪉ἲࡣ⡆౽࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪」ᩘಶᡤࢆྠィ ࡋࡼ࠺ ࡍࡿࢭࣥࢧࡀᖸ΅ࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ㧗࠸ࡓࡵ㸪㊊ኚᙧࡢయീࢆ▱ࡿࡣྥࡁ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ㊊ࡢ⾲㠃ఙ⦰ศᕸࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪⾲㠃➼㛫㝸ࢆᥥࡁ㸪ࡢኚᙧࢆほᐹࡍࡿࢹ࣐ࣝࢺ ࢢࣛࣇࡼࡿほᐹࡀ࠶ࡿࡀ 40㸧 㸪ᐃ㔞ࡀᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪㏻ᖖ㸪ᮦᩱࡢ㠀᥋ゐኚᙧ ヨ㦂⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡿࣛࣥࢲ࣒ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࢆ㊊ሬᕸࡋ㸪ࡑࡢኚᙧࢆ㧗㏿ࣅࢹ࣓࡛࢜࢝ࣛᙳࡋ ࡚㸪Ṍ⾜୰ࡢ㊊ኚᙧࢆィ ࡋࡓࡀ࠶ࡿ 32㸧ࡀ㸪㊊యࡢᙧ≧ࡸ㛵⠇㐠ືࡢྠィ ࡣ࡞ࡉ ࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸㸬 ㊊ࡢ⾲㠃ᙧ≧ࢆືⓗࡽ࠼ࡿ᪉ἲࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪ᑐ㇟ᢞᙳࡋࡓࣃࢱ࣮ࣥග➼ࡢṍࡳࡽ ❧యࡍࡿ᪉ἲ㸦ගᢞᙳ᪉ᘧ㸧41,42㸧㸪ᑐ㇟ከᩘࡢᶆⅬࢆ㈞ࡾࡅ㸪ᶆⅬ⨨࠶ࡽ ࡌࡵィ ࡋࡓ㟼Ṇࡢ 3 ḟඖ࣓ࢵࢩࣗࡼࡾ㸪㐠ື୰ࡢᙧ≧ࢆ⌧ࡍࡿ᪉ἲ㸦࣮ࣔࣇࣥࢢ㸧 43-45㸧 ࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ගᢞᙳ᪉ᘧࡣ㸪㟼Ṇᙧ≧ࢆ㧗⢭ᗘ࡛┤᥋ィ ࡛ࡁࡿࡀ㸪㠐╔⏝ࡢ㊊㐺⏝ ࡍࡿࡇࡣ࡛ࡁࡎ㸪ືⓗィ ࡶᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬 ୍᪉㸪࣮ࣔࣇࣥࢢࡣ㸪㛵⠇㐠ືྠィ ࡀ࡛ࡁ㸪࣓ࢵࢩࣗᙧ≧ࡢኚᙧࡽ㊊⾲㠃ࡢ ఙ⦰ศᕸࢆồࡵࡿࡇࡶྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡋࡋ㸪㝈ࡽࢀࡓᶆⅬ⨨ࡽᙧ≧ࢆ᥎ᐃࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪 ⢭ᗘࡀపࡃ࡞ࡿᜍࢀࡀ࠶ࡾ 44㸧 㸪㐺ษ࡞ᶆⅬ⨨ࡢ᳨ウኚᙧᡭἲࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪 ㊊ࡢィ ᡭἲࡋ࡚ࡢ⢭ᗘホ౯ࡶ༑ศ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬 10 ➨ 1 ❶ ᗎㄽ 㸱.㸱 㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ ࡢㄢ㢟ゎỴ᪉㔪 ⾲ 1-2 㸪ᚑ᮶ࡢ㐠ືィ ᪉ἲࡢⅬㄢ㢟ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬࠸ࡎࢀࡶᐇṌ⾜ࡢィ ࡣྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ ࡀ㸪㛵⠇㐠ືయ⾲㠃ᙧ≧ࢆྠィ ࡍࡿࡇ㸪㠐࡛そࢃࢀࡓ㊊ࡢືⓗኚᙧࢆィ ࡍ ࡿࡇࡣᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬 ᚋ⪅ࡢၥ㢟ࡢゎỴ⟇ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪࣮࢜ࢲ࣮࣓ࢻ㠐ࡸᩚᙧ㠐ࡢ〇స㸪㠐╔⏝ࡢ㠐ෆ ࡛ࡢ㊊ኚᙧࢆほᐹࡍࡿࡓࡵ⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡿ㸪ᅗ 1-9 ࡢࡼ࠺࡞㏱᫂࡞ࣅࢽ࣮ࣝ〇㠐ࡀ࠶ࡿ 46㸧 㸬 ࡞࠾㸪ࣅࢽ࣮ࣝࡣ㸪㢼ྜ࠸㸦ࡋࢃࡢࡼࡾࡸࡍࡉ㸧 㸪ఙ⦰ᛶ࡞㸪ᐇ㝿ࡢ㠐⣲ᮦࡣከࡃࡢⅬ ࡛␗࡞ࡿࡀ㸪ᙧ≧ࡢ㐪࠸ࡢࡳࢆᢳฟࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ྠ୍⣲ᮦ࡛␗࡞ࡿᙧ≧㛫࡛ࡢ㊊ኚᙧࡢẚ㍑ ࢆ⾜࠺ሙྜࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ኚᙧࡢᙳ㡪ࡀᑠࡉ࠸⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬㏆ᖺ㸪፬ே㠐࡛ࡣ㸪ࣅࢽ࣮ ࣝ⣲ᮦࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࣃࣥࣉࢫ࡞ࡀᕷ㈍ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬㊊ධࢀ㒊ࡀࡁࡃ㛤࠸࡚࠸࡚⏥ࡢ㠃✚ࡀ ᑠࡉ࠸㠐࡛ࡣ㸪ᒅ᭤ࡼࡿࡋࢃ࡞ࡢᙳ㡪ࡀᑡ࡞࠸ࡓࡵ㸪ኚᙧ࠼ࡿᙳ㡪ࡣᑠࡉ࠸⪃ ࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪⏥ࡢఙ⦰ᛶࡢ㐪࠸ࡼࡿ㊊ኚᙧࡢẚ㍑ࢆ⾜࠺ሙྜࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ࣅࢽ࣮ࣝ ⣲ᮦࡢཌࡉࡸ✀㢮ࢆኚ᭦ࡍࡿ࡞ࡋ࡚㸪ఙ⦰≉ᛶࢆኚ࠼ࡿࡇ࡛㸪ᑐᛂࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࢁ࠺㸬 ࡲࡓ㸪࣮ࣔࢩࣙࣥ࢟ࣕࣉࢳ࡛ࣕ㏻ᖖ⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡿ⌫ᶆⅬ᭰࠼࡚㸪ཌࡳࡢ࡞࠸ᶆⅬࢆ⏝ ࠸ࢀࡤ㸪ᶆⅬࢆࡘࡅࡓࡲࡲ㠐ࡢ୰㊊ࢆධࢀࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪㏱᫂㠐ᶆ Ⅼࢆ⏝࠸ࢀࡤ㸪ᚋ⪅ࡢၥ㢟ࢆゎỴࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡼ࠺㸬 ࡉࡽ㸪ィ ࡋࡓࡇࢀࡽࡢᶆⅬ⨨ྜ࠺ࡼ࠺㊊ࣔࢹࣝࢆኚᙧࡉࡏࢀࡤ㸪ࠎ้ࠎࡢ ㊊ᙧ≧ࢆ᥎ᐃࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁ㸪ࡲࡓ㸪ᶆⅬࡽ㦵᱁⨨ࢆ᥎ᐃࡍࢀࡤ㸪㛵⠇ゅᗘࡶྠ ồࡵࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁ㸪๓⪅ࡢၥ㢟ࡶゎỴࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬 ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪௨ୖࡢ᪉㔪ࢆᇶ㸪 ලయⓗ࡞ィ ࣔࢹࣝゎᯒᡭἲࡢ㛤Ⓨࢆヨࡳࡓ㸬 11 ➨ 1 ❶ ᗎㄽ ⾲ 1-2 ືⓗ㊊ኚᙧィ ᡭἲࡢẚ㍑ ィ ᡭἲ ィ 㡯┠ X⥺⏬ീ 㛵⠇㐠ື ࣭㦵᱁ࡢືࡁࢆ ࠉ┤᥋ィ ྍ ࣭ᖖ⪅ࡢくᛶ㧗࠸ ࣭Ṍ⾜ࡢᙳࡀᅔ㞴 ㊊㦵᱁ࣔࢹࣝ 㛵⠇㐠ື ࣭ᕤኵࡍࢀࡤ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡶ ࠉィ ྍ ࣭࣮ࣔࣇࣥࢢ ࠉྠィ ྍ ࣭ᶆⅬࡢ⨨ࡎࢀࡢ ࠉホ౯ࡀᚲせ ࡦࡎࡳࢤ࣮ࢪᘧ ࢭࣥࢧ ᑍἲኚ ࣭⡆౽ ࣭ྠ」ᩘ㒊ࡢ ࠉィ ࡀᅔ㞴 ගᢞᙳᘧ ㊊ᙧ≧ ࣭⢭ᗘⰋࡃィ ྍ ୍࣭㠃ࡢࡳࡢィ ㊊ᙧ≧ ࣭ᕤኵࡍࢀࡤ㠐Ṍ⾜ ࠉࡶィ ྍ ࣭㊊㦵᱁ࣔࢹࣝ ࠉྠィ ྍ ࣭㐺ษ࡞ᶆⅬ㓄⨨ ࠉኚᙧᡭἲࡀᚲせ ࣮ࣔࣇࣥࢢ Ⅼ ᅗ1-2 ᅗ 1-9 ㏱᫂㠐 ㏱᫂㠐 ㄢ㢟 12 ➨ 1 ❶ ᗎㄽ 㸲㸬ᮏ◊✲ࡢ┠ⓗ࠾ࡼࡧᵓᡂ 㸲.㸯 ᮏ◊✲ࡢ┠ⓗ࠾ࡼࡧ≉ᚩ 㸲.㸯.㸯 ᮏ◊✲ࡢ┠ⓗ 㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ࡣ㸪➽άື㠐ࢆࡋ࡚ࡢእຊࡼࡗ࡚㸪㛵⠇㌾⤌⧊ࡀ」㞧ኚᙧࡍࡿ㸬 ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪㠐ࢆ㊊㐺ྜࡉࡏࡿࡣ㸪㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊㒊ࡢ㛵⠇㐠ື⾲㠃ᙧ≧ࢆ᫂ࡽࡍ ࡿࡇࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪㏱᫂⏥⣲ᮦࡢᐇ㦂㠐㸪㊊ࡘࡅࡓࡲࡲ㠐ࢆᒚࡅࡿ ᶆⅬࢆ⏝࠸࡚㠐Ṍ⾜୰ࡢ㊊㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬࡢ 3 ḟඖィ ࢆ⾜࠺㸬ࡲࡓ㸪㊊㦵᱁ࣔࢹࣝ㊊⾲ 㠃ࡢ࣓ࢵࢩࣗࣔࢹࣝࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡛㸪㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊㒊ࡢ㛵⠇㐠ື⾲㠃ᙧ≧ࡢྠ᥎ᐃࢆ ⾜࠺ᡭἲࢆ㛤Ⓨࡍࡿ㸬 㸲.㸯.㸰 ᮏ◊✲ࡢ᪂つᛶ ᮏ◊✲࡛ᥦࡍࡿィ ฎ⌮ࡢᴫせࢆᅗ 1-10 ♧ࡍ㸬㊊⾲㠃ୖࡢ 20 Ⅼࡢ㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬ⨨ ᶆⅬࢆࡣࡾ㸦ᅗ 1-10a㸧 㸪㟼Ṇ❧㸦ᅗ 1-10b㸧ࡢ 3D ㊊ᙧ≧ᶆⅬ⨨ࢆ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᘧ㠀 ᥋ゐ 3D ࢹࢪࢱࢨ㸦ࢥࢽ࣑࢝ࣀࣝࢱ㸸vivid 910㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ྲྀᚓࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࡢ㊊ᙧ≧㸦ᅗ 1-10c㸧 㔜࡞ࡿࡼ࠺㸪බ㛤ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᅗ 1-10d ࡢࢸࣥࣉ࣮ࣞࢺ࣓ࢵࢩࣗ 47㸧ࢆኚᙧࡉࡏ㸪ࡇࢀࢆ ⿕㦂⪅ᅛ᭷ࡢᇶ‽࣓ࢵࢩࣗ㸦ᅗ 1-10e㸧ࡋࡓ㸬ḟ㸪ᇶ‽࣓ࢵࢩࣗࢆᅗ 1-10f ࡢࡼ࠺ග Ꮫᘧືసィ ⨨㸦Vicon Motion Systems㸸Vicon MX㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ィ ࡋࡓṌ⾜ࡢᶆⅬ⨨ 㸦ᅗ 1-10g㸧㔜࡞ࡿࡼ࠺ኚᙧࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡛㸪ᅗ 1-10h ࡢࡼ࠺Ṍ⾜୰ࡢ㊊ኚᙧࢆ᥎ᐃࡋ ࡓ㸬 ௨ୖࡢ୍㐃ࡢィ ฎ⌮ࡢ୰࡛㸪≉㸪ᶆⅬࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࡇࡀ㠐ෆࡢ㊊ࡢືⓗኚᙧィ ࢆ ྍ⬟ࡋࡓ᪂つᛶ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪㛵⠇㐠ື㊊⾲㠃ᙧ≧ࡢ᥎ᐃྠࡌᶆⅬ⨨ࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡇ ࡛㸪࣓ࢵࢩࣗኚᙧἲࡼࡿ㊊⾲㠃ᙧ≧ࢆྠ᥎ᐃ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺ࡋ㸪᥎ᐃ⢭ᗘࡘ࠸࡚ ホ౯ࡋࡓ㸬 13 ➨ 1 ❶ ᗎㄽ 㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬ a. ᙧᶆⅬ d. ࢸࣥࣉ࣮ࣞࢺ Hᇶ‽ࣔࢹࣝ f. Ṍ⾜ィ 㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬ b. 㟼Ṇᙧ≧ィ c. 㟼Ṇᙧ≧ 㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬ h. ᥎ᐃᙧ≧ g. Ṍ⾜୰ࡢ 㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬ⨨ ᅗ1-ە ᅗ 1-10 ᥦᡭἲࡢᴫせ ᥦᡭἲࡢᴫせ 㸲.㸯.㸱 ᮏ◊✲ࡢ᭷⏝ᛶ ⣲ᮦࡀ㝈ᐃࡉࢀࡿࡣゝ࠼㸪そࢃࢀࡓ㒊ศࡢ㌟యᣲືࢆືⓗᐃ㔞࡛ࡁࡿᡭἲࡣ㸪㠐 タィࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎ㸪⾰᭹ࡸ࣐ࢵࢺࣞࢫタィ࡞㸪ᵝࠎ࡞㌟య᥋ゐ〇ရ㛤Ⓨ㛵ࢃࡿᇶ♏ᢏ⾡ ࢆᥦ౪ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 14 ➨ 1 ❶ ᗎㄽ 㸲.㸰 ᮏ◊✲ࡢᵓᡂ ᮏ◊✲ࡢᵓᡂࢆ௨ୗ♧ࡍ㸬 2 ❶㸪ᥦᡭἲࡢヲ⣽ࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᥦࡋࡓ㊊ኚᙧ᥎ᐃᡭἲ㏱᫂࡞⏥⣲ᮦࡢᐇ㦂 㠐ࢆ⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡛㸪㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ ࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸬 3 ❶࡛ࡣ㸪ᥦᡭἲࡢጇᙜᛶࢆ᳨ドࡋࡓ㸬㊊㦵᱁ࣔࢹࣝࡽ᥎ᐃࡉࢀࡓ㛵⠇㐠ືࡘ࠸࡚ ࡣ㸪≉ᚩⅬ⨨ᶆⅬ⨨ࡢࡎࢀࢆホ౯ࡋ㸪ࡑࡢጇᙜᛶࢆ᳨ドࡋࡓ㸬᥎ᐃᙧ≧ᐇ㝿ࡢ 3D ࢹࢪࢱࢨྲྀᚓࡋࡓᙧ≧ࢆẚ㍑ࡋ࡚ࡑࡢ⢭ᗘࢆ᳨ドࡋࡓ㸬 4 ❶࡛ࡣ㸪ࣁࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧࢆィ ࡋ㸪㠐ࡢࣄ࣮ࣝ㧗㊊ኚᙧࡢ㛵ಀࢆ♧ࡋ ࡓࡲࡓ㸪ィ ࢹ࣮ࢱࡢᛂ⏝ࡋ࡚㸪㊊ኚᙧࢆᇶࡋࡓ፬ே㠐ࡢ㋖ࡎࢀ㍍ῶᶵᵓࢆᥦࡋ㸪 ᐇ㝿ヨసホ౯ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚㸪ᮏ◊✲ࡢ᭷⏝ᛶࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸬 5 ❶࡛ࡣ㸪ᮏ◊✲࡛ᚓࡽࢀࡓ⤖ㄽࢆ♧ࡍࡶ㸪ᚋࡢㄢ㢟ᒎᮃࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸬 15 ➨ 2 ❶ ືⓗ㊊ኚᙧィ ᡭἲ ➨㸰❶ ືⓗ㊊ኚᙧィ ᪉ἲ 㸯㸬ィ ᪉㔪 ௨ୗ㸪ᮏ◊✲࠾ࡅࡿィ ᮲௳ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬 (1) ィ ᑐ㇟ ࣭㠐㸸፬ே㠐㸦ẚ㍑ⓗ㸪⏥ࡢ㛤ᨺ㒊ࡀࡁ࠸㸧 ࣭ィ ᑐ㇟㸸ዪᛶ (2) ィ ⠊ᅖ ࣭Ṍ⾜୰ࡢ㋖᥋ᆅࡽ∎ඛ㞳ᆅࡲ࡛ࡢ❧⬮ᮇ (3) ࡑࡢࡢ᮲௳ ࣭㊊㛵⠇㐠ື㊊ᙧ≧ࡀྠィ ྍ⬟ ࣭㊊ᙧ≧ࡽᑍἲ㸪㊊᩿㠃ᙧ≧㸪⾲㠃ఙ⦰ศᕸࢆồࡵࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬 ࣭㠐╔⏝ࡶィ ྍ⬟ 㐺ྜᗘࡢ㧗࠸㠐タィᚲせ࡞㊊ኚᙧ≉ᛶ࡛࠶ࡿ㸪㠐Ṍ⾜୰ࡢ㊊㛵⠇㐠ື㸪㊊ᙧ≧ኚ㸦ᑍ ἲ㸪㊊᩿㠃ᙧ≧㸪⾲㠃ఙ⦰ศᕸྵࡴ㸧ࢆィ ࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪㊊ࡢኚᙧࡢ㒊ศ ࡣ㸪㊊㛵⠇㐠ື౫Ꮡࡍࡿ௬ᐃࡋ㸪㊊㛵⠇㐠ືࢆ⾲ࡍ㦵᱁ࣔࢹࣝࢆᇶ㊊ᙧ≧ࢆ᥎ᐃࡍ ࡿࡇࡋࡓ㸬 16 ➨ 2 ❶ ືⓗ㊊ኚᙧィ ᡭἲ 㸰㸬ィ ᪉ἲࡢᴫせ ᅗ 2-1 ᮏᡭἲࡢィ ࣓࣮ࢪࢆ♧ࡍ㸪㊊㛵⠇㐠ືࢆ㦵᱁ࣔࢹ࡛ࣝ⌧࡛ࡁࡿ⨨ཌࡳ ࡢᑡ࡞࠸ᶆⅬࢆ㓄⨨ࡋ㸪ࡇࢀࡽࡢᶆⅬ⨨ 3 ḟඖࢹࢪࢱࢨ࡛ྲྀᚓࡋࡓ㟼Ṇ❧ࡢ 3D ㊊ᙧ≧ࢆྲྀᚓࡍࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪〄㊊࠾ࡼࡧ㠐Ṍ⾜୰ࡢᶆⅬ⨨ࢆගᏛᘧືసゎᯒ⨨࡛ྲྀᚓ ࡋ㸪Ṍ⾜୰ࡢᶆⅬ⨨ࢆᇶ㊊㦵᱁ࣔࢹࣝࢆ⏝࠸࡚㊊㛵⠇㐠ືࢆ᥎ᐃࡍࡿ㸬ࡉࡽ㸪ࡇࢀ ࡽࡢᶆⅬ⨨࠶ࡽࡌࡵྲྀᚓࡋࡓ㟼Ṇ❧ࡢ 3D ㊊ᙧ≧ࢆᇶ㸪࣮ࣔࣇࣥࢢࡼࡾ㸪 ᶆⅬ㛫ࡢᙧ≧ࢆ⿵㛫ࡋ࡚㊊ࡢ⾲㠃ᙧ≧ࢆྲྀᚓࡍࡿ㸬 ኚᙧ ⟬ฟ ᑍἲኚ ⾲㠃ఙ⦰ศᕸ 㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬ 㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬ 㟼Ṇ❧ᙧ≧ ࡞ ᥎ᐃᙧ≧ ኚᙧ┠ᶆ ⟬ฟ 㛵⠇㐠ື 〄㊊࣭㠐Ṍ⾜୰ࡢ≉ᚩⅬ⨨ ᅗ 2-1 ィ ࣓࣮ࢪ 17 ➨ 2 ❶ ືⓗ㊊ኚᙧィ ᡭἲ 㸱⏝ࡋࡓィ ᶵ ᮏᡭἲ࡛ࡣ㸪㟼Ṇ❧ᙧ≧ࡣ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᘧ㠀᥋ゐ 3D ࢹࢪࢱࢨ(ࢥࢽ࣑࢝ࣀࣝࢱ㸸 Vivid910)࡛㸪Ṍ⾜୰ࡢᶆⅬ⨨ࡣගᏛᘧືసィ ⨨㸦Vicon Motion Systems㸸Vicon MX㸧 ࡛ྲྀᚓࡍࡿ㸬௨ୗ㸪⨨ࡢᴫせࢆ♧ࡍ㸬 (1) ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᘧ㠀᥋ゐ 3D ࢹࢪࢱࢨ㸸Vivid910㸦ᅗ 2-2㸧 ⾲ 2-1 ィ ᶵࡢᵝࢆ♧ࡍ㸬࣮ࣞࢨࣅ࣮࣒ࡼࡿගษ᩿᪉ᘧࢆ᥇⏝ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ࢫࣜࢵࢺ ≧ࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ග࡛ධຊᑐ㇟ࢆࢫ࢟ࣕࣥࡋ㸪ࡑࡢᑕගࢆ CCD ࣓࡛࢝ࣛཷගࡍࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡼ ࡾ㸪୕ゅ ㊥ࡢཎ⌮࡛⿕యࡢ㊥㞳ሗࢆᚓ࡚㸪3 ḟඖࢹ࣮ࢱࡍࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ཷගࢹ࣮ࢱ ࢆࣇࣝࢱ࡛ศගࡍࡿࡇ࡛㸪ྠ୍ࡢ CCD ࡼࡾ 640×480 Ⅼࡢ࣮࢝ࣛ⏬ീࢆྠྲྀᚓࡍ ࡿ㸬ィ ᚋ㸪3 ḟඖࢹ࣮ࢱࡣ㸪ᅗ 2-3b ࡢࡼ࠺⮬ືⓗ࣏ࣜࢦࣥࢹ࣮ࢱࡲࡓࡣⅬ⩌ࢹ࣮ࢱ ኚࡉࢀࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ྲྀᚓࡋࡓ⏬ീࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ࣏ࣜࢦࣥࡲࡓࡣⅬ⩌ࢹ࣮ࢱᢞᙳࡍࡿࡇ࡛㸪 ᅗ 2-3c ࡢࡼ࠺ఝⓗ࡞ 3 ḟඖ⏬ീࢆྲྀᚓࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬 ⾲ ⾲2-1 2-1 3 3ḟඖࢹࢪࢱࢨ࣭ᵝ ḟඖࢹࢪࢱࢨ࣭ᵝ ฟຊ⏬⣲ᩘ 640×480 ᐃ㊥㞳 [m] 0.6㹼1.2 X䠖±0.22 ☜ᗘ [mm] Y䠖±0.16 Z䠖±0.10 ᅗ ᅗ2-2 2-2 3 3ḟඖࢹࢪࢱࢨ㸦Vivid910㸧 ḟඖࢹࢪࢱࢨ㸦Vivid910㸧 a. ィ ᑐ㇟ b. ィ ࢹ࣮ࢱ 㸦࣏ࣜࢦࣥ⾲♧㸧 ィ 㛫 [s] 2.5 c. Ⅼ⩌ࢹ࣮ࢱ⏬ീࢹ࣮ࢱ ࡢ㔜ࡡྜࢃࡏ ᅗ 2-1 ᅗ 2-3 ィ ࣓࣮ࢪ ィ 18 ➨ 2 ❶ ືⓗ㊊ኚᙧィ ᡭἲ (2) ගᏛᘧືసィ ⨨㸸Vicon MX㸦ᅗ 2-4㸧 ㌟య㈞ࡾࡅࡓᑕᶆⅬࡢᑕගࢆ࣓࡛࢝ࣛᙳࡍࡿࡇ࡛㸪ᶆⅬࡢ 3 ḟඖᗙᶆࢆྲྀ ᚓࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬 㸺ィ ཎ⌮㸼 ᅗ 2-4a ࡢ࣓࢝ࣛ࿘ࡾ㓄⨨ࡉࢀࡓࢫࢺࣟ࣎ࡽ㉥እගࢆᖐᑕᛶࡢ㧗࠸ᶆⅬ㸦ᅗ 2-b㸧 ᑕࡉࡏ㸪ᑕගࢆ࣓࢝ࣛࡢཷගࢭࣥࢧ࡛ཷගࡍࡿ㸬ᅗ 2-4c ࡢࡼ࠺㸪ᶆⅬࡢᑕග ᑐࡋ࡚ࢧ࣮ࢡࣝࣇࢵࢸࣥࢢࢆ⾜࠸㸪ᶆⅬࡢ㔜ᚰ⨨ࢆྲྀᚓࡍࡿ㸬ྠ୍ࡢᶆⅬࢆ 2 ྎ ௨ୖࡢ࣓࡛࢝ࣛᙳࡍࡿࡇ࡛㸪୕ゅ 㔞ࡢཎ⌮ࡼࡾᶆⅬᗙᶆࢆィ⟬࡛ࡁࡿ㸬 㸺ィ ᪉ἲ㸼 ㏻ᖖ㸪ᶆⅬࡣ㸪ȭ5㹼20 mm ⛬ᗘࡢ⌫ᶆⅬࢆ⏝࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢᶆⅬࢆ㌟యࡢ㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬ㈞ ࡾࡅ㸪ືసࢆ࣓࡛࢝ࣛᙳࡍࡿࡇ࡛ 3 ḟඖᗙᶆࢆྲྀᚓࡍࡿ㸬࣓࢝ࣛ⨨ࢆᕤኵࡍࡿࡇ ࡛㸪㌟ࡢືࡁࡽᡭࡸ㊊㸪㢦࡞ࡢྛ㒊ࡢヲ⣽ࡢືࡁࢆィ ࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬 ࢹ࣮ࢱࡣ㸪ྛᶆⅬ⨨ࡢ 3 ḟඖᗙᶆࡋ࡚ฟຊࡉࢀࡿ㸬 ࢫࢺࣟ࣎ ࣞࣥࢬ 㔜ᚰ⨨ ȭ5㹼20 mm ཷගࡋࡓග a.࣓࢝ࣛ b.ᶆⅬ c.ᶆⅬࡢㄆ㆑ ᅗ2-3 ගᏛᘧືసゎᯒ⨨㸦Vicon MX㸧MX㸧 ᅗ 2-4 ගᏛᘧືసィ ⨨㸦Vicon 19 ➨ 2 ❶ ືⓗ㊊ኚᙧィ ᡭἲ 㸱㸰 ᶆⅬ ᮏᡭἲ࡛ࡣ㸪㠐╔⏝Ṍ⾜୰ࡢ㊊ኚᙧࢆྲྀᚓࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪㈞ࡾࡅࡓࡲࡲ㠐ࢆ╔⏝ࡍࡿࡇ ࡢ࡛ࡁࡿᶆⅬࢆ⏝ࡍࡿ㸬ᶆⅬࡢཌࡳࡣ㸪㈞ࡾࡅࡓࡲࡲ㠐ࢆ╔⏝ࡋ࡚ࡶ㐪ឤࡢ࡞ ࠸ⷧࡉ࡛࠶ࡿ 1mm ௨ୗࡍࡿ㸬ᶆⅬ⨨ࢆගᏛᘧືసゎᯒ⨨࡛ྲྀᚓࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ᶆⅬ ⾲㠃ࡣ㸪㏻ᖖࡢ⌫ᶆⅬྠࡌᖐᑕᛶࡢ㧗࠸⣲ᮦࡍࡿ㸬 ࡇࢀࢆ‶ࡓࡍࡼ࠺㸪ᶆⅬࡣ㸪ཌࡉ 0.2 mm ࡢࣉࣛࢫࢳࢵࢡࢩ࣮ࢺ㈞ࡾࡅࡓᑕᮦ ࢆ㬀┠ࣃࣥࢳ࡛┤ᚄ 5 mm ᢤࡁྲྀࡗ࡚సᡂࡋࡓ㸬 ᶆⅬࡣ㸪ཌࡳࡀᑡ࡞࠸ࡓࡵ㸪⌫ᶆⅬࡼࡾࡶࡼࡾ⓶⾲㠃㏆࠸ᗙᶆࢆᚓࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁ㸪 ࡲࡓ㸪㈞ࡾࡅࡓࡲࡲ㠐ࢆ╔⏝࡛ࡁࡿ࠸࠺࣓ࣜࢵࢺࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬୍᪉࡛㸪ᶆⅬࡣ㸪ィ ⢭ ᗘࡀపୗࡍࡿᜍࢀࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬㏻ᖖ㸪ගᏛᘧືసィ ⨨࡛ࡣ㸪㉥እගࢆ↷ᑕࡋ࡚㸪⌫ᶆⅬࡢ ᑕගࢆ」ᩘྎࡢ࣓࢝ࣛෆࡢࢭࣥࢧ࡛ྲྀᚓࡍࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡁ㸪ࡢ࣓࡛࢝ࣛࡶ㸪ᶆⅬࡀᙧ ࡿࡇࡽ㸪ࡑࡢ㔜ᚰࢆィ⟬ࡋ࡚ᗙᶆⅬࢆᚓࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬୍᪉㸪ᅗ 2-5 ࡢࡼ࠺㸪 ᶆⅬ࡛ࡣ࣓࢝ࣛࡢゅᗘࡼࡗ࡚ᶆⅬᙧ≧ࡀ␗࡞ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪᭤㠃㈞ࡾࡅࡓሙྜࡣ༙ ≧࡞ぢ࠼ࡿࡇࡶ࠶ࡾ㸪┿ࡢ㔜ᚰ⨨␗࡞ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪ィ ⢭ᗘࡢ ホ౯ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ࡲࡓ㸪ࣅࢽ࣮ࣝ㉺ࡋ࡛ࡣ㸪ࣅࢽ࣮ࣝࡼࡿ㉥እගࡢᑕࡸࣅࢽ࣮ࣝࢆ㏱㐣ࡉࡏࡿࡓࡵග ࡢᒅᢡࡼࡾ㸪ᶆⅬࡽࡢᑕගࡀṇࡋ࠸⨨ㄆ㆑ࡉࢀ࡞࠸ྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬 ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪ᶆⅬ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶ⌫ᶆⅬྠ⛬ᗘ࡛ィ ࡀྍ⬟㸪ࡲࡓ㸪ࣅࢽ࣮ࣝ㉺ࡋィ ࡛ࡁࡿࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪3 ❶ 3 ⠇࡛ホ౯ࡋࡓ㸬 a.ṇ㠃 b.࣓࢝ࣛᑐࡋ࡚ 㠃ࢆ⣙30rᅇ㌿ ᅗ 2-5 ᶆⅬࡢㄆ㆑ c. ⣙60rᅇ㌿ 20 ➨ 2 ❶ ືⓗ㊊ኚᙧィ ᡭἲ 㸲㸬㦵᱁ࣔࢹࣝࡢᵓᡂ (1) ⠇ᩘ ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪㊊ࡢኚᙧࡢ㒊ศࡣ㸪㊊㛵⠇㐠ື౫Ꮡࡍࡿ௬ᐃࡋ㸪㊊㛵⠇㐠ືࢆ⾲ࡍ 㦵᱁ࣔࢹࣝࢆᇶ㊊ᙧ≧ࢆ᥎ᐃࡍࡿ㸬ࡇࡢ㦵᱁ࣔࢹࣝࢆᵓᡂࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪㊊ࢆ」ᩘ⠇ศ ࡋࡓ㸬 ௦⾲ⓗ࡞㊊㛵⠇㐠ື࡛࠶ࡿ㊊ࡢෆ࣮ࢳ㸪እ࣮ࢳᵓ㐀ࡢኚࡣ㸪㠐ࡢ㐺ྜᗘࡁ࡞ ᙳ㡪ࢆ࠼ࡿࡇࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ 48㸧 㸬ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞㊊ࡢ࣮ࢳᵓ㐀ࡢኚࢆ ⾲ࡍࡓࡵ㸪ᶓ㊊᰿㛵⠇୰㊊㊊᰿㛵⠇ࡢ㐠ືࢆィ ࡍࡿࡇࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࡢሙྜ㸪᭱ప࡛ ࡶ㸪ᚋ㊊㒊㸦㋖㦵㸪㊥㦵㸧㸪୰㊊㒊㸦⯚≧㦵㸪❧᪉㦵㸪➨୍ࡽ➨୕ᴂ≧㦵㸧㸪๓㊊㒊㸦➨ ୍ࡽ➨୰㊊㦵㸧ࡢ 3 ⠇ศࡅࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡓࡔࡋ㸪๓㊊㒊㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪ෆ࣮ࢳࡣ ➨୍୰㊊㦵㸦ẕᣦഃ㸧 㸪እ࣮ࢳࡣ➨୰㊊㦵㸦ᑠᣦഃ㸧࡛ᵓᡂࡉࢀࡿࡓࡵ㸪ẕᣦഃᑠᣦ ഃࡢ 2 ⠇ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬㏻ᖖ㸪㊊㍈ࡣ㸪➨ᣦඛ➃㋖Ⅼࢆ㏻ࡿ┤⥺࡛ᐃ⩏ࡉࢀࡿࡓࡵ㸪 ➨୰㊊㦵ࢆẕᣦഃᑠᣦഃࡢቃ┠ࡍࡿࡇࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡼࡾ㸪๓㊊㒊ẕᣦഃࡣ➨୍୰ ㊊㦵➨୰㊊㦵࡛㸪ᑠᣦഃࡣ➨୕୰㊊㦵➨ᅄ୰㊊㦵㸪➨୰㊊㦵࡛ᵓᡂࡋࡓ㸬 ᅗ 2-6 㸪ᮏ◊✲࡛⏝࠸ࡓ㦵᱁ࣔࢹࣝࡢ 4 ⠇ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ᐇ㛵⠇㐠ືࡣ㸪ࡇࢀࡽ 4 ⠇㛫ࡢ 3 ḟ ඖ࣮࢜ࣛゅࢆồࡵࡿ㸬 㸦ヲ⣽ࡣᮏ❶ 9 ⠇㸧࡞࠾㸪㊊ᣦࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ᶆⅬࡢࡁࡉࡢไ㝈 ࡼࡾ㸪1 ᮏࡢᣦ」ᩘࡢᶆⅬࢆ㈞ࡾࡘࡅࡿࡇࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸ࡓࡵ㸪ẕᣦ㸪➨ᣦ㸪ᑠᣦࡘ࠸࡚ ࡣ㸪ኚ㔞ࡢࡁ࠸ᒅఙෆእ㌿ࡢࡳ 2 ḟඖゅᗘ࡛ồࡵࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺ࡍࡿ㸬 ᑠᣦഃ๓㊊㒊 ᚋ㊊㒊 ẕᣦഃ๓㊊㒊 ୰㊊㒊 ᅗ 2-6 ศࡋࡓ4⠇ ศࡋࡓ 4 ⠇ ᅗ2-3 21 ➨ 2 ❶ ືⓗ㊊ኚᙧィ ᡭἲ (2) ᶆⅬ⨨ ᶆⅬࡣ㸪㛵⠇㐠ືࢆ᥎ᐃࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬୖ㸪ࡘ㸪ୖグ࡛ᐃࡵࡓ㦵᱁ࣔࢹࣝࢆ ᵓᡂྍ⬟࡞⨨㓄⨨ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪Ṍ⾜୰ࡢᶆⅬ⨨ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ࣮ࣔࣇ ࣥࢢࡼࡿ㊊ࡢ⾲㠃ᙧ≧ࡢ᥎ᐃ⢭ᗘࢆⰋࡃࡍࡿࡓࡵࡣ㸪࡛ࡁࡿ㝈ࡾ㊊ࢆᵓᡂࡍࡿྛ㦵ࡢ ୖᶆⅬࡀ㓄⨨ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀᮃࡲࡋ࠸㸬ࡋࡋ㸪ᶆⅬ㛫㊥㞳ࡀ㏆࠸㸪ᶆⅬᗙᶆィ ࡢィ ᶵࡢศゎ⬟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡣィ ࢚࣮ࣛࡀ㉳ࡇࡾࡸࡍࡃ࡞ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪ᶆⅬ⨨ࡋ ࡚⏝ྍ⬟࡞㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬࡽ㸪(1)ࡢ㦵᱁ࣔࢹࣝࡀᵓᡂ࡛ࡁ㸪ࡘ㸪㊊య࡛ࡁࡿࡔࡅ➼ 㛫㝸ᶆⅬࡀ㓄⨨ࡉࢀࡿࡼ࠺ᅗ 2-7 ࡢィ 20 Ⅼࡢ㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬࢆ㑅ᐃࡋࡓ㸬 ➨ᅄ୰㊊㦵ᗏⅬ ➨୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ ❧᪉㦵Ⅼ ➨୰㊊㦵ᗏⅬ ㋖㦵እ๓᪉Ⅼ እ㋖Ⅼ ➨ᣦඛ➃Ⅼ ➨୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ ㋖Ⅼ ➨ᣦඛ➃Ⅼ ➨୍ᣦඛ➃Ⅼ ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ ᴂ≧㦵Ⅼ ➨୰㊊㦵ᗏⅬ ➨୍୰㊊㦵ᗏⅬ 20 mm ෆ㋖Ⅼ ㋖㦵ෆ๓᪉Ⅼ ⯚≧㦵Ⅼ a. ᶆⅬ⨨(ᖹ㠃) 20 mm እᯝⅬ 30 mm ෆᯝⅬ ෆ㋖Ⅼ ㋖Ⅼ b. ᶆⅬ⨨(ᖹ㠃) ᅗ 2-7 ᶆⅬ⨨ እ㋖Ⅼ 22 ➨ 2 ❶ ືⓗ㊊ኚᙧィ ᡭἲ (3) 㦵᱁ࣔࢹࣝ 㸺ᗙᶆᐃ⩏㸼 ୖグ࡛ᐃࡵࡓᶆⅬ⨨ࡼࡾ㸪㊊㒊ࢆᅗ 2-8 ♧ࡍࡼ࠺ 4 ⠇ศࡅࡓ㸬௨ୗ㸪ᅗ 2-8 ࡢ グྕࢆ⏝࠸ࡓྛ⠇ࡢᗙᶆ⣔ᐃ⩏ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬 ࣭ᑠᣦഃ๓㊊㒊ᗙᶆ⣔ xFL㸸MD45C ࡽ MH5 ྥ࠺┤⥺ zFL㸸MH45C ࡽ MH4 ྥ࠺┤⥺ xFL ࡢእ✚ yFL㸸zFL xFL ࡢእ✚ ࣭ẕᣦഃ๓㊊㒊ᗙᶆ⣔ xFM㸸MD12C ࡽ MH12C ྥ࠺┤⥺ zFM㸸MH12C ࡽ MH1 ྥ࠺┤⥺ xFM ࡢእ✚ yFM㸸zFM xFM ࡢእ✚ ࣭୰㊊㒊ᗙᶆ⣔ xM㸸MC ࡽ CUN ྥ࠺┤⥺ zM㸸MC ࡽ NAV ྥ࠺┤⥺ xM ࡢእ✚ yM㸸zM xM ࡢእ✚ ࣭ᚋ㊊㒊ᗙᶆ⣔ xHL㸸HL ࡽ HLC ྥ࠺┤⥺ zHL㸸MLC ࡽ HLM ྥ࠺┤⥺ xHL ࡢእ✚ yHL㸸zHL xHL ࡢእ✚ 23 ➨ 2 ❶ ືⓗ㊊ኚᙧィ ᡭἲ ᑠᣦഃ๓㊊㒊 ➨୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ (MH5) xFL ➨୰㊊㦵ᗏⅬ (MD5) ẕᣦഃ๓㊊㒊 ᚋ㊊㒊 ୰㊊㒊 yFL MD4MD5ࡢ୰Ⅼ (MD45C) ᕥ㋖Ⅼ(HLL) ➨ᅄ୰㊊㦵ᗏⅬ(MD4) ❧᪉㦵(CUB) xHL ㋖Ⅼ(HL) ➨୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ(MH2) ➨୰㊊㦵ᗏⅬ x CUBNAV ᴂ≧㦵Ⅼ M MD1MD2 㹸(CUN) xFM yM ࡢ୰Ⅼ yHL MH1MH2 㸦MC㸧 ࡢ୰Ⅼ yFM ࡢ୰Ⅼ 㸦 MD12C 㸧 HLLHLM ྑ㋖Ⅼ ⯚≧㦵(NAV) 㸦 MH12C 㸧 ➨୍୰㊊㦵ᗏⅬ (MD1) ࡢ୰Ⅼ(HLC) (HLM) ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ (MH1) ᅗ 2-8 ᗙᶆᐃ⩏ 24 ➨ 2 ❶ ືⓗ㊊ኚᙧィ ᡭἲ 㸳㸬㟼Ṇ❧ᙧ≧ࡢྲྀᚓ 㸳㸯 ᴫせ ᅗ 2-7 ࡢ㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬᶆⅬࢆ㈞ࡾࡅ㸪㟼Ṇ❧ࡢ 3D ㊊ᙧ≧ᶆⅬ⨨ࢆ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ ᘧ㠀᥋ゐ 3D ࢹࢪࢱࢨ࡛ྲྀᚓࡍࡿ㸬ࡓࡔࡋ㸪3D ࢹࢪࢱࢨ࡛ྲྀᚓࡋࡓࢹ࣮ࢱࡣ㸪㛢ࡌࡓ ࣓ࢵࢩ࡛ࣗࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪㡬Ⅼᩘࡶ⿕㦂⪅㛫࡛␗࡞ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪⿕㦂⪅ࡼࡽࡎ㡬Ⅼᩘࡀ➼ࡋ ࡃ㸪㡬Ⅼࡢᐦᗘࡀࡰྠࡌࡢ㛢ࡌࡓ࣓ࢵࢩࣗࡋ࡚㊊ᙧ≧ࢆྲྀᚓ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺㸪ࣥࢱ࣮ ࢿࢵࢺୖබ㛤ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࢸࣥࣉ࣮ࣞࢺ࣓ࢵࢩࣗ 47㸧 ࢆ 3D ࢹࢪࢱࢨ࡛ྲྀᚓࡋࡓ㊊ᙧ≧ 㔜࡞ࡿࡼ࠺ኚᙧࡉࡏ㸪⿕㦂⪅ᅛ᭷ࡢ㟼Ṇ㊊࣓ࢵࢩࣗࢆᚓࡓ㸬 㸳㸰 㟼Ṇ❧ᙧ≧ࡢィ (1) ィ ᪉ἲ <ィ ‽ഛ> ᅗ 2-7 ࡢࡼ࠺⿕㦂⪅ࡢྑ㊊⾲㠃ୖࡢ㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬ⨨ 20 ⅬᶆⅬ㸦ཌࡉ 0.2 mm㸪┤ᚄ 5 mm㸧ࢆ㈞ࡾࡅࡓ㸬㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬࡣูᙳࡋࡓᙧ≧ࢆྜᡂࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ⨨ྜࢃࡏ⏝ ࡋ࡚㸪㊊య 20 Ⅼ⛬ᗘࡢⅬ㸦⨨ྜࢃࡏⅬ㸧ࢆ㊊⾲㠃ୖࣛࢼ࣮࡛᭩࠸ࡓ㸬 㸺ィ 㸼 ⿕㦂⪅ࡣ 400400 mm ࡢᯈࢆ㍕ࡏࡓᅇ㌿ᯈୖ㉳❧ࡉࡏ㸪ᅗ 2-9 ࡢࡼ࠺࣏࣮ࣝ ࢆᥱࡽࡏ㸪యࢆᨭ࠼ࡓ≧ែࡢࡲࡲ๓᪉ࢆぢࡓࡲࡲ┤❧ࡋࡓጼໃࢆಖᣢࡉࡏࡓ㸬ࡇࡢ≧ែࡢ ࡲࡲ㸪 4 ࡲࡓࡣ 5 ᪉ྥࡽ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᘧ㠀᥋ゐ 3D ࢹࢪࢱࢨ㸦ࢥࢽ࣑࢝ࣀࣝࢱ㸸vivid 910㸧 ࡛㊊ᙧ≧ࢆィ ࡋࡓ㸬 ࡞࠾㸪ࢹࢪࢱࢨࡢ↔Ⅼ㊥㞳࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ගࡢタᐃࡣ࣮࢜ࢺࡋࡓ㸬 25 ➨ 2 ❶ ືⓗ㊊ኚᙧィ ᡭἲ ๓᪉ࢆぢࡓࡲࡲ㟼Ṇ ࣏࣮ࣝࢆᢕᣢ ᶆⅬ ȭ4mm t0.2mm ㊊እഃࡽ 㔜ࡡྜࡏⅬ 㸦⣙20Ⅼ㸧 ๓᪉ࡽ ィ ᑐ㇟ ᅗ 2-9 ィ ጼໃ ㊊ෆഃࡽ ᚋ᪉ࡽ ᅗ 2-10 ィ ≉ᚩⅬ F1 F2 F5 㡬Ⅼ␒ྕ 11727 11859 12380 䞉䞉䞉 ≉ᚩⅬ CALL CAL ANKM ANKL 13262 13533 7263 846 ᅗ5 㡬Ⅼ␒ྕࡢྲྀᚓ ᅗ 2-11 㟼Ṇ❧ࡢィ ᙧ≧ (2) ᒓࢯࣇࢺࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࢹ࣮ࢱฎ⌮ ィ ࡋࡓࢹ࣮ࢱࡣ㸪」ᩘࡢ㡬Ⅼ㠃㸦୕ゅᙧ㸧ࡽ࡞ࡿ࣏ࣜࢦࣥࢹ࣮ࢱ㸦ᅗ 2-10㸧⏬ ീࢹ࣮ࢱ࡛ᵓᡂࡉࢀࡿ㸬 ྲྀᚓࡋࡓࢹ࣮ࢱࡣ㸪ᒓࡢ࣏ࣜࢦࣥ⦅㞟ࢯࣇࢺ㸦ࢥࢽ࣑࢝ࣀࣝࢱ㸸Polygon Editing Tool㸧 ࡛᫂ࡽ࡞ࣀࢬ㒊ศࢆ๐㝖ࡋ㸪ᑠࡉ࡞Ḟⴠࡀぢࡽࢀࡓሙྜࡣ㸪࣮࢜ࢺ࡛ᙧ≧ࢆ⿵㛫ࡋࡓ㸬 ḟ㸪ྛ᪉ྥࡽࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࢆྜᡂࡋ㸪㟼Ṇࡢ㊊ᙧ≧యࢆᚓࡓ㸬ྜᡂࡣ㸪ᒓࢯࣇࢺ ୖ࡛ྜᡂࡋࡓ࠸ 2 ᯛࡢ⏬ീࢹ࣮ࢱୖࡢࡕࡽࡶ⛣ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ⨨ྜࢃࡏⅬ 3 Ⅼࢆ㑅ࡧ㸪3 Ⅼ ࡀ㔜࡞ࡿࡼ࠺࣮࢜ࢺ࡛ྜᡂࡋࡓ㸬ྜᡂᚋ㸪࣏ࣜࢦࣥ⦅㞟ࢯࣇࢺୖ࡛㡬Ⅼᩘࢆ 20000 ⛬ᗘ ࡲ࡛๐ῶࡋ㸪࣓ࢵࢩࣗᐦᗘࢆᆒ୍ࡋ㸪ᅗ 2-11 ࡢ㟼Ṇ❧ᙧ≧ࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࡢⅬ࡛ࡢ⏬ ീࢹ࣮ࢱ࣏ࣜࢦࣥࢹ࣮ࢱࡢᑐᛂࡽ㸪ᶆⅬ୰ᚰ᭱ࡶ㏆࠸Ⅼࡢ㡬Ⅼ␒ྕ 3 ḟඖᗙᶆ ࢆྲྀᚓࡋࡓ㸬᭱ᚋ㸪࣏ࣜࢦࣥࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ obj ᙧᘧ࡛᭩ࡁฟࡋࡓ㸬 26 ➨ 2 ❶ ືⓗ㊊ኚᙧィ ᡭἲ (3) Matlab ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࢹ࣮ࢱฎ⌮ ᭩ࡁฟࡋࡓࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ Matlab㸦Mathworks㸸R2010a㸧ㄞࡳ㎸ࢇࡔ㸬 ࡲࡎ㸪ືసィ ⨨࡛ྲྀᚓࡋࡓᶆⅬᗙᶆࢹ࣮ࢱࡢᑐᛂࢆྲྀࡾࡸࡍࡃࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ㄞࡳ ㎸ࢇࡔ࣏ࣜࢦࣥࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ㸪ᚋ㏙ࡍࡿືసィ ⨨ࡼࡗ࡚ᐃ⩏ࡉࢀࡿ⤯ᑐᗙᶆ⣔ྜ࠺ࡼ ࠺ᅇ㌿ࡉࡏࡓ㸬࡞࠾㸪⤯ᑐᗙᶆ⣔ࡣ㸪㐍⾜᪉ྥ㸦㋖ࡽ∎ඛྥ࠺᪉ྥ㸧ࡀ X ㍈㸪ᆅ 㠃ࡢ㖄┤᪉ྥࡀ Z ㍈㸪Z ㍈ X ㍈ࡢእ✚ࡀ Y ㍈࡛ᐃ⩏ࡉࢀࡿ㸬 ḟ㸪ྲྀᚓࡋࡓ࣏ࣜࢦࣥࢹ࣮ࢱࡢ⾲㠃ࡣ⣽࠸พฝࡀぢࡽࢀࡓࡓࡵ㸪ࣛࣉࣛࢩࣥࢫ ࣒࣮ࢪࣥࢢ 49㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᖹࡋࡓ㸬 ࣛࣉࣛࢩࣥࢫ࣒࣮ࢪࣥࢢࡣ㸪᭤㠃ୖࡢ࠶ࡿ࣓ࢵࢩࣗ㡬Ⅼ i ࡢᗙᶆ㡬Ⅼ i 㞄᥋ࡍࡿ㡬 Ⅼࡢ㔜ᚰ⨨ࡢᕪศ࡛࠶ࡿᅗ 2-12 ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᚤศᗙᶆδ ࢆ⏝ࡋ㸪ᖹࡍࡿ᪉ἲ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 㡬Ⅼ 㸦iѮ1,2,…,n㸧 i ࡢ 3 ḟඖᗙᶆࢆ vi = (xi,yi,zi)㸪㡬Ⅼ i 㞄᥋ࡍࡿ㡬Ⅼࡢᩘࢆ di ࡍࡿ㸪 㡬Ⅼ i ࡢᚤศᗙᶆδ ࡣ㸪ᘧ(1)࡞ࡿ㸬 δi = ଵ ௗ σjѮN(i) (vi -vj ) (2-1) ࡇࡇ࡛㸪N(i)ࡣ㡬Ⅼ i ࡢ⤖ྜ㡬Ⅼ␒ྕࡢ㞟ྜ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ࡇࢀࡼࡾ㸪ᖹᚋࡢ㡬Ⅼ i ࡢ 3 ḟඖᗙᶆ vis ࡣḟᘧࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡿ㸬 vsi = vi +αδi (0<α≤1) (2-2) ࡇࡇ࡛ α ࡣᖹࡢᙉࡉࢆ⾲ࡍᣦᶆ࡛㸪ࡇࡢࡁ α㸻0.5 ࡋࡓ㸬 ࡲࡓ㸪࣏ࣜࢦࣥࢹ࣮ࢱࡽ㉥እගᑕࡼࡿᆅ⾲㏆ࡢࣀࢬࢆ㝖ཤࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ᆅ㠃 ࡽ㧗ࡉ 3 mm ௨ୖࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ᭷ຠࢹ࣮ࢱࡋ㸪㧗ࡉ 3 mm ௨ୗࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࡣ๐㝖ࡋࡓ㸬 㡬Ⅼ i㸸vi = (xi,yi,zi) δi 㡬Ⅼi㞄᥋ࡍࡿ㡬Ⅼ j㸸v 㡬Ⅼ i 㞄᥋ࡍࡿ㡬Ⅼ j㸸vj j ᅗ 2-12 ᚤศᗙᶆ 27 ➨ 2 ❶ ືⓗ㊊ኚᙧィ ᡭἲ 㸳.㸱 㟼Ṇ㊊࣓ࢵࢩࣗࡢྲྀᚓ᪉ἲ (1) ᴫせ 㟼Ṇ㊊࣓ࢵࢩࣗࢆྲྀᚓࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ᅗ 2-13 ࡢࢸࣥࣉ࣮ࣞࢺ࣓ࢵࢩࣗࢆᅗ 2-11 ࡢ㟼Ṇ❧ ࢹ࣮ࢱྜ࠺ࡼ࠺ኚᙧࡉࡏࡓ㸬࡞࠾㸪㊊ࡣኚᙧᚋࡢ┠ᶆ⨨ࡀᏑᅾࡋ࡞࠸ࡓࡵ㸪ᅗ 2-14 ࡢࡼ࠺ኚᙧᚋ㊊ᙧ≧ࡀ㧗ࡉ᪉ྥṍࡳࡀฟࡿഴྥࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪㟼Ṇ㊊࣓ ࢵࢩࣗ⏕ᡂࡢࡁࡢࡳ㸪㊊ไ⣙Ⅼࡋ࡚ᅗ 2-15 ࡢࡼ࠺㊊┠ᶆ⨨㸦㧗ࡉ 0㸸ィ 55 Ⅼ㸧ࢆ㏣ຍࡋࡓ㸬࡞࠾㸪㊊ไ⣙Ⅼࡣ㸪㟼Ṇ❧☜ᐇ㊊ࡀ᥋ᆅࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㒊ࢆ ᇶᐃࡵࡓ㸬 ࢸࣥࣉ࣮ࣞࢺࡣ㸪㡬Ⅼᩘ 13112㸪㠃ᩘ 26220 ࡢ㛢ࡌࡓ㊊ᆺࡢ࣓ࢵࢩࣗ 47㸧 ࢆ⏝ࡋࡓ㸬 ࡞࠾㸪ᅗ 2-13 ࡢࡼ࠺㸪ࢸࣥࣉ࣮ࣞࢺ࣓ࢵࢩࣗୖࡢ㡬Ⅼ⩌ࡽ㸪㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬᑐᛂࡍࡿ 20 Ⅼࢆ㑅ᐃࡋ㸪㡬Ⅼ␒ྕࢆྲྀᚓࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࡢ㡬Ⅼ␒ྕࡣ࡚ࡢ⿕㦂⪅࡛ඹ㏻ࡢࡶࡢࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㸬 ≉ᚩⅬ 㡬Ⅼ␒ྕ F1 7247 F2 55 F5 1023 䞉䞉䞉 CALL CAL ANKM ANKL ≉ᚩⅬ 4384 4733 11982 5839 ᅗ 2-13 ࢸࣥࣉ࣮ࣞࢺ ᅗ6 ࢸࣥࣉ࣮ࣞࢺ࣓ࢵࢩࣗ 㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬ ㊊┠ᶆⅬ a. ィ ᙧ≧ ➨୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ(MH5) ᕥ㋖㦵Ⅼ 1.2 1 0.7 ➨ᣦඛ➃Ⅼ ➨ᣦඛ➃Ⅼ X ➨୍ᣦඛ➃Ⅼ b. ㊊ไ⣙࡞ࡋ࡛ኚᙧ ᅗ 2-14 ㊊ไ⣙Ⅼࡀ࡞࠸ሙྜ ᅗ7 ㊊ไ⣙Ⅼࡀ࡞࠸ሙྜ ࡢኚᙧᚋᙧ≧ ࡢኚᙧ 0 MH1MH5 ࡢ୰Ⅼ(MHC) ㊊┠ᶆⅬ ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ(MH1) ྑ㋖㦵Ⅼ Y ኚᙧᚋࡢ┠ᶆ⨨ ᅗᅗ7 2-15 ㊊ไ⣙Ⅼ -1 -0.95 -0.7 -0.5 0.5 0.95 1 28 ➨ 2 ❶ ືⓗ㊊ኚᙧィ ᡭἲ (2) ኚᙧᡭἲ ᙧ≧ኚᙧᡭἲࡣ㸪FEM50㸧ࡸࣂࢿࣔࢹࣝ➼㸪㉁㔞ࡸ๛ᛶ࡞ࡢ≀⌮㔞ࢆ⪃៖ࡍࡿຊᏛࣔ ࢹࣝࡶ࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ࡇࢀࡽࡣィ⟬㔞ࡀࡁࡃ㸪Ᏻᐃⓗゎࡀᚓࡽࢀ࡞࠸ሙྜࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ᮏ◊✲࡛ ࡣ㸪ィ ࢹ࣮ࢱࡢࣇࢵࢸࣥࢢࢆ┠ⓗࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ᗄఱᏛⓗ࡞ሗࡢࡳࢆᢅ࠺࣓ࢵࢩ ࣗኚᙧἲࡢ୍ᡭἲ࡛࠶ࡿ Sorkine ࡽࡢ Laplacian surface editing ἲ 51㸧ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㸬 2-12㸧 ࡇࡢ᪉ἲࡣ㸪࣓ࢵࢩࣗୖࡢ࠶ࡿ㡬Ⅼࢆ┠ᶆ⨨ไ⣙ࡍࡿࡶ㸪ᚤศᗙᶆδ㸦ᅗ ࢆኚᙧ๓ᚋ࡛ಖᏑࡍࡿࡇ࡛㸪せ࡞พฝࢆ⥔ᣢࡋࡓࡲࡲ࣓ࢵࢩࣗࢆኚᙧ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬ኚᙧᚋ ࡢ࣓ࢵࢩࣗࡢ㡬Ⅼࡣ㸪⥺ᙧࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆゎࡃࡇ࡛ᚓࡽࢀࡿࡓࡵ㸪㧗㏿ࡘᏳᐃⓗኚᙧࢆ ᐇ⌧࡛ࡁࡿ㸬 ࢸࣥࣉ࣮ࣞࢺ࣓ࢵࢩࣗࡣ㸪n ಶࡢ㡬Ⅼࡽᵓᡂࡉࢀࡿ㸬㡬Ⅼ i㸦iѮ1,2,…,n㸧ࡢ 3 ḟඖᗙᶆ ࢆ vi = (xi,yi,zi)ࡍࡿ㸪㡬Ⅼ i ࡢᚤศᗙᶆδ ࡣ㸪ᘧ(2-3)࡞ࡿ㸬㡬Ⅼ⩌ࡢᚤศᗙᶆࢆ n 3 ⾜ิδ࡛࠶ࡽࢃࡍ㸪௨ୗࡢ⾜ิ✚࡛᭩ࡁ┤ࡍࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬 δ = L v (2-3) ܮ ࡣ㸪㡬Ⅼ i ⤖ྜࡍࡿ㡬Ⅼࡢᩘࢆ di ࡍࡿ㸪ᘧ(2-4)࡛⾲ࢃࡉࢀࡿ㸬 1 Lij = ൝- 1Τdi 0 i= j ሺi,jሻѮE otherwise. (2-4) ࡇࡇ࡛㸪E ࡣࢸࣥࣉ࣮ࣞࢺ࣓ࢵࢩࣗෆࡢ࢚ࢵࢪ㸦㎶㸧ࡢ㞟ྜ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ᚤศᗙᶆδࡀኚࢃࡽ࡞ ࠸ࡼ࠺ኚᙧࡉࡏࢀࡤ㸪ኚᙧ๓ᚋ࡛⾲㠃ࡢพฝࢆ⥔ᣢ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬ࡋࡋ㸪ᚤศᗙᶆࡣኚᙧ ࡼࡿᅇ㌿㸪ᣑ⦰ࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅࡿࡓࡵ㸪33 ࡢኚᙧ⾜ิ Ti ࡼࡗ࡚ᚤศᗙᶆࢆᅇ㌿㸪ᣑ⦰⿵ ṇࡍࡿ㸪ኚᙧᚋࡢᚤศᗙᶆδ'ࡣ㸪ᘧ(2-5)ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡿ㸬 δ'i = Ti δi (2-5) ࣓ࢵࢩࣗࢆᵓᡂࡍࡿ㡬Ⅼࡢ࠺ࡕ㸪p ಶࡢ㡬Ⅼࡢኚᙧᚋࡢᗙᶆ⨨ ck㸦Ѯ1,2,…,㸧ࡀ᪤▱ ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡑࡢ㡬Ⅼ␒ྕࢆ idx(i)ࡋࡓࡁ㸪ኚᙧᚋࡢ㡬Ⅼv'୧ୢ୶ሺሻ ࡣ㸪ḟᘧ࡛⾲ࢃࡉࢀࡿ㸬 v'୧ୢ୶ሺሻ = ck (2-6) ᘧ(2-3)㸪(2-5)㸪(2-6)ࡼࡾ㸪㡬Ⅼ⩌ࢆ n3 ⾜ิ V ࡛⾲ࢃࡍ㸪ኚᙧᚋࡢ㡬Ⅼ⩌v'ࡣ㸪ḟࡢ ⥺ᙧࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆゎࡃࡇ࡛ᚓࡽࢀࡿ㸬 ' L δ ൫ωM ൯v' = ቀωc ቁ (2-7) 29 ➨ 2 ❶ ືⓗ㊊ኚᙧィ ᡭἲ M ࡣ㡬Ⅼ⩌ࡽไ⣙Ⅼࢆ㑅ᢥࡍࡿ pn ⾜ิ㸪 Mkl 㸻 ቄ 1 0 l=idx(i) otherwise. (2-8) ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪c ࡣ┠ᶆ⨨ࢆ㐃⤖ࡋࡓ p3 ⾜ิ㸪Ȱࡣ⨨ไ⣙ࡢ┦ᑐⓗᙉࡉࢆ⾲ࡍ㔜ࡳ࡙ࡅಀ ᩘ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ᘧ(2-7)ࡣ㸪Av=b ⨨࠸ࡓሙྜ㸪ṇつ᪉⛬ᘧ (ATA)v=ATb ࢆゎࡃࡇ࡛ᚓࡽࢀࡿ㸬 (3) ኚᙧࡢᡭ㡰 㟼Ṇ❧ࢹ࣮ࢱࡢࣇࢵࢸࣥࢢࡣ㸪ᶆⅬࡢࡲ࡞ࣇࢵࢸࣥࢢࢹ࣮ࢱⅬ ⩌ࡢヲ⣽࡞ࣇࢵࢸࣥࢢࡢẁ㝵࡛⾜ࡗࡓ㸬 ࡲࡎ㸪ࢸࣥࣉ࣮ࣞࢺࢆࡲ⿕㦂⪅ࡢ㊊ᙧ≧ࣇࢵࢸࣥࢢࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ᘧ(2-6)ࡢ┠ ᶆ⨨ c 㟼Ṇ❧ࢹ࣮ࢱࡢᶆⅬ⨨ࢆ௦ධࡋ㸪࣓ࢵࢩࣗኚᙧࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࡢࡁ㸪ᚤศ ᗙᶆࡣኚᙧ๓ᚋ࡛ኚࡋ࡞࠸㸦ᘧ(2-5)Ti ࢆṇつ⾜ิࡍࡿ㸧௬ᐃࡋ࡚㸪ࡍ࡚ࡢ㡬Ⅼ ࡘ࠸୍࡚ᵝኚࡋࡓ㸬࡞࠾㸪㊊ไ⣙Ⅼࡶ┠ᶆ⨨௦ධࡋࡓ㸬ᚓࡽࢀࡓ࣓ࢵࢩࣗࣛ ࣉࣛࢩࣥࢫ࣒࣮ࢪࣥࢢ㸦α=1㸧ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࡢⅬ࡛ࡢ㊊ᙧ≧ࢆᅗ 2-16 ♧ࡍ㸬 ḟ㸪ࡼࡾ⣽࠸㊊ᙧ≧ࢆ⌧ࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ኚᙧᚋࡢ┠ᶆ⨨ࢆ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺ቑࡸࡋࡓ㸬 ࣓ࢵࢩࣗ㡬Ⅼ㛫ࢹ࣮ࢱⅬ㛫㊥㞳ࡀ 5 mm ௨ୗࡢ᭱ࡶ㏆࠸ࢹ࣮ࢱⅬࡢᗙᶆ⨨ࡑࡢࡁ ࡢ࣓ࢵࢩࣗ㡬Ⅼ␒ྕࢆྲྀᚓࡋ㸪ࡑࡢ࣓ࢵࢩࣗ㡬Ⅼࡢ┠ᶆ⨨ࡋ࡚㔜ࡡྜࢃࡏࡓ㸬㔜ࡡྜ ࢃࡏᚋ㸪ࡧ㸪ࣛࣉࣛࢩࣥࢫ࣒࣮ࢪࣥࢢ㸦α=1㸧ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬 ࡇࡢ㐣⛬ࢆ 2 ᅇ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡍࡇ࡛㸪ྛ⿕㦂⪅ࡢ㟼Ṇ㊊࣓ࢵࢩࣗࢆᚓࡓ㸬 ᅗ 2-16 1 ᅇ┠ࡢኚᙧᚋ 㸦㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬ 20 Ⅼ㸩㊊Ⅼ 55 Ⅼ㸧 30 ➨ 2 ❶ ືⓗ㊊ኚᙧィ ᡭἲ 㸴㸬Ṍ⾜୰ࡢᶆⅬ⨨ࡢྲྀᚓ 㸴㸯 ᴫせ ᶆⅬࢆ㈞ࡾࡘࡅࡓࡲࡲ㸪〄㊊ࡲࡓࡣᅗ 2-17 ࡢࡼ࠺࡞㏱᫂㠐ࢆ╔⏝ࡋࡓ≧ែࡢṌ⾜୰ࡢ ᶆⅬ⨨ࢆගᏛᘧືసゎᯒ⨨࡛ྲྀᚓࡍࡿ㸬ィ 㢼ᬒࢆᅗ 2-18 ♧ࡍ㸬 ⏥ࡀ㏱᫂࡞ ᐇ㦂㠐 ᶆⅬ ᅗ 2-17 ᶆⅬᐇ㦂㠐 Vicon MX ࣓࢝ࣛ8ྎ ィ ᑐ㇟࠶ 㸦ṌࡁጞࡵࡽṌ┠௨㝆㸧 ᅗ 2-18 ィ 㢼ᬒ 31 ➨ 2 ❶ ືⓗ㊊ኚᙧィ ᡭἲ 㸴㸰 ᶆⅬ⨨ィ ᪉ἲ Ṍ⾜୰ࡢ㊊ᙧ≧ࢆྲྀᚓࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ᅗ 2-7 ࡢᶆⅬ⨨ࢆගᏛᘧືసィ ⨨㸦Vicon MX㸪 ࣓࢝ࣛ 8 ྎ㸪ࢧࣥࣉࣜࣥࢢ࿘Ἴᩘ㸸100Hz㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ィ ࡋࡓ㸬 (1) ィ ‽ഛ ㉥እගࡢᑕ㜵Ṇࡢࡓࡵ㸪ཌࡉ 2 mm ࡢࣃࣥࢳ࣮࢝࣌ࢵࢺࢆᘬ࠸ࡓᅗ 2-19 ࡢ㛗 7 m ࡢ Ṍ⾜㊰ࢆ‽ഛࡋࡓ㸬Ṍࡁጞࡵࡽ 4 Ṍ┠௨㝆ࡢྑ㊊ࡢ㋖᥋ᆅࡽ∎ඛ㞳ᆅࡀィ ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ ࠺㸪Ṍ⾜㊰ୖ 300300mm ⛬ᗘࡢ㡿ᇦ࣐࣮࢟ࣥࢢࡋ㸪ࡇࡢ⠊ᅖ࡛ィ ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺ 㸪ගᏛᘧືసィ ⨨㸦Vicon MX㸧ࢆㄪ⠇ࡋࡓ㸬 ⣙ 1000 mm Vicon ࣓࢝ࣛ y 900 mm ࢫࢱ࣮ࢺᆅⅬ 㹶 ィ ⠊ᅖ 7000 mm ᅗ 2-19 ィ ✵㛫 ࣓࢝ࣛ⨨ ィ ⠊ᅖ ⣙300mmᅄ᪉ ᅗ 2-20 ࣓࢝ࣛ⨨ 32 ➨ 2 ❶ ືⓗ㊊ኚᙧィ ᡭἲ ィ ࡣ㸪࣓࢝ࣛ 8 ྎࢆ⏝ࡋࡓ㸬ᶆⅬ㏱᫂ࣅࢽ࣮ࣝ〇ࡢ㠐ࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡓࡵ㸪ᶆⅬࡢ ṍࡳࡸࣅࢽ࣮ࣝࡼࡿᑕගࡼࡾ㸪ィ ⢭ᗘࡀపୗࡍࡿᠱᛕࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡓࡵ㸪࣓࢝ࣛ㓄⨨ ࣓࢝ࣛタᐃࢆ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺ㄪ⠇ࡋࡓ㸬 8 ྎࡢ࣓࡚࢝ࣛࢆᅗ 2-20 ࡢࡼ࠺ィ 㡿ᇦ୰ኸࡽ 1 m ⛬ᗘ㓄⨨ࡋ㸪࣓࢝ࣛゅᗘ࠾ ࡼࡧ㧗ࡉࡣ㸪Ṍ⾜ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚࡛ࡁࡿࡔࡅᶆⅬࢆṇ㠃ࡽᤊ࠼ࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺㸪ྛ᪉ ྥࡽࡢ⏬ീࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ☜ㄆࡋ࡞ࡀࡽㄪ⠇ࡋࡓ㸬ㄪ⠇ࡢ㝿㸪ィ ᑐ㇟࡛࠶ࡿ㊊ࢆ๓ᚋᕥྑ ࡢ 4 㠃༊ษࡾ㸪ྛ㠃ᑐࡋ࡚࣓࢝ࣛ 2 ྎࢆࡾࡾ㸪ࡾࡗࡓ㠃௨እ࠶ࡿᶆⅬࡀ࡛ ࡁࡿࡔࡅࡾ㎸ࡲ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺㓄⨨ࢆᚤㄪ⠇ࡋࡓ㸬㓄⨨ᚋ㸪ᶆⅬ௨እࡢᑕග࡞ࡀࡾ㎸ ࡲ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺㸪࣓࢝ࣛࡢ↔Ⅼ⤠ࡾࢆㄪ⠇ࡋ㸪࣓࢝ࣛ࿘ࡾࡢࢫࢺࣟ࣎ගࡢᙉࡉ㸦㏻ᖖࢆ 10 ࡋ࡚ 4 ⛬ᗘࡢᙉࡉ㸧ࡸࢧ࣮ࢡࣝࣇࢵࢸࣥࢢࡢᙉᗘࢆㄪ⠇ࡋࡓ㸬࡞࠾㸪ࢧࣥࣉࣜࣥࢢ ࿘Ἴᩘࡣ 100Hz ࡋࡓ㸬ཧ⪃㸪ᅗ 2-21 Ṍ⾜ィ ୰ࡢࣅࢹ࣓࢜࢝ࣛࡢ⏬ീࢆ♧ࡍ㸬 a. ࣓࢝ࣛ⏬ീ b. ࣓࢝ࣛ⨨ c. ᶆⅬ㏆ࡢᣑᅗ ᅗ 2-21 Ṍ⾜ィ ୰ࡢ࣓࢝ࣛ⏬ീ 33 ➨ 2 ❶ ືⓗ㊊ኚᙧィ ᡭἲ ࣓࢝ࣛ⨨ㄪ⠇ᚋ㸪ࢩࢫࢸ࣒యࡢ࢟ࣕࣜࣈ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࢆࡋࡓ㸬ィ ᶵᗙᶆ⣔㸦⤯ᑐᗙ ᶆ⣔㸧ࡣ㸪ᅗ 2-19 ࡢࡼ࠺㸪㐍⾜᪉ྥ㸦㋖ࡽ∎ඛྥ࠺᪉ྥ㸧ࡀ X ㍈㸪ᆅ㠃ࡢ㖄┤᪉ ྥࡀ Z ㍈㸪Z ㍈ X ㍈ࡢእ✚ࡀ Y ㍈࡛ᐃ⩏ࡉࢀࡿ㸬ཎⅬࡣ㸪ィ 㡿ᇦᚋ᪉ࡢ㐍⾜᪉ྥྥ ࡗ࡚ྑഃࡢ➃ࡋࡓ㸬 ᭱ᚋ㸪ィ ✵㛫ෆࡢᶆⅬᗙᶆࡢィ ⢭ᗘࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ィ ✵㛫ෆࡢᆅ㠃ୖࡢᅄ㝮 ୧➃ȭ5mm ࡢ⌫ᶆⅬࢆྲྀࡾࡅࡓ࣡ࣥࢻࢆ⨨࠸ࡓࡁィ ✵㛫ෆࢆືࡋࡓࡁࡢ㸪 2 Ⅼ㛫ࡢ㊥㞳ࢆồࡵࡓ㸬ືసィ ⨨ࡼࡿィ ್ࢆࣀࢠࢫ࡛ィ ࡋࡓ 2 ᶆⅬ㛫ࡢᐇ ್ ẚ㍑ࡋ㸪ᐇ ್ࡢᕪࡀ 0.2 mm ௨ୗ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓ㸬 (2) ᐇ㦂᪉ἲ ᅗ 2-18 ࡢࡼ࠺㸪⿕㦂⪅ᅗ 2-19 ࡢṌ⾜㊰ୖࢆ⮬↛Ṍ⾜ࡉࡏ㸪Ṍࡁጞࡵࡽ 4 Ṍ┠௨㝆 ࡢྑ㊊ࡢ㋖᥋ᆅࡽ∎ඛ㞳ᆅࡲ࡛ࡢᅗ 2-7 ࡢᶆⅬ⨨ᗙᶆࢆྲྀᚓࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪Ṍ⾜ィ ࡢ๓ ᚋ࡛㸪㟼Ṇ❧ࡢᶆⅬ⨨ᗙᶆࢆྲྀᚓࡋࡓ㸬ヨ⾜ᅇᩘࡣ 5 ᅇࡋࡓ㸬 ࡞࠾㸪⿕㦂⪅ࡣ㸪Ṍࡁጞࡵࡽ 4 Ṍ┠ࡢྑ㊊ࡀィ ྍ⬟⠊ᅖ╔ᆅ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺㸪ィ ๓⦎⩦ࡉࡏࡓ㸬 㠐Ṍ⾜ࡣ㸪ᅗ 2-22 ࡢࡼ࠺⏥ࡢ⣲ᮦࡀཌࡉ 0.8 mm ࡢ㏱᫂࡞ࣅࢽࣝࢩ࣮ࢺࡢࣃࣥࣉࢫ ࡲࡓࡣࢧࣥࢲࣝࢆ⏝ࡋࡓ㸬⿕㦂⪅ࡣ㸪࠶ࡽࡌࡵᐇ㦂๓ヨࡋᒚࡁࢆࡉࡏ㸪㐺ᗘ࡞㐺 ྜឤࡀᚓࡽࢀࡿࢧࢬ㸦ᕷ㈍ 22.5 cm㸪23.5 cm ┦ᙜ㸧ࢆ㑅ࡤࡏ㸪ࡺࡿ࠸ሙྜࡣ㠐ෆ๓᪉㒊 ࡢࡳཌࡉ 1㹼2 mm ࡢ୰ᩜࡁࢆᩜࡁ㸪ࢧࢬࢆᚤㄪ⠇ࡋࡓ㸬࡞࠾㸪⿕㦂⪅ࡣࢫࢵࢺ࢟ࣥࢢ ➼ࡣ╔⏝ࡉࡏࡎ㸪〄㊊࡛㠐ࢆ╔⏝ࡉࡏࡓ㸬 ㏱᫂ࣅࢽࣝ ㏱᫂ࣅࢽࣝ a. ࢧࣥࢲࣝ b. ࣃࣥࣉࢫ ᅗᅗۑ 2-22 ᐇ㦂⏝ࡍࡿ㠐 ᐇ㦂㠐ࡢ 34 ➨ 2 ❶ ືⓗ㊊ኚᙧィ ᡭἲ ࣛ࣋ࣝྡ a. ࣛ࣋ࣝࡅ๓ 㸦ィ ┤ᚋࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ㸧 b. ࣛ࣋ࣝࡅᚋ ᅗ 2-23 ᶆⅬࡢ㆑ู ࢧࣥࣉࣜࣥࢢ ᶆⅬᗙᶆ㸸x,y,z ᶆⅬᗙᶆ㸸x,y,z ␒ྕ 㸦F1㸸➨୍ᣦඛ➃Ⅼ㸧 㸦F2㸸➨ᣦඛ➃Ⅼ㸧 㻲㼕㼑㼘㼐 㻝 㻞 㻟 㻠 㻡 㻢 㻣 㻤 㻥 ᶆⅬᗙᶆ㸸x,y,z 㸦F5㸸➨ᣦඛ➃Ⅼ㸧 㻲㻝㻦㼄 㻲㻝㻦㼅 㻲㻝㻦㼆 㻲㻞㻦㼄 㻲㻞㻦㼅 㻲㻞㻦㼆 㻲㻡㻦㼄 㻲㻡㻦㼅 㻲㻡㻦㼆 㻹㻼㻝㻦㼄 㻝㻤㻢㻚㻜㻢 㻤㻣㻚㻡㻡㻞 㻞㻞㻚㻜㻜㻟 㻞㻜㻜㻚㻤㻡 㻣㻜㻚㻡㻥㻥 㻝㻞㻚㻥㻝㻣 㻝㻣㻠㻚㻥㻠 㻝㻠㻚㻞㻤㻠 㻝㻠㻚㻟㻝㻢 㻝㻟㻞㻚㻢㻤 㻝㻤㻢㻚㻜㻣 㻤㻣㻚㻡㻡㻣 㻞㻞㻚㻜㻜㻞 㻞㻜㻜㻚㻤㻢 㻣㻜㻚㻡㻥㻤 㻝㻞㻚㻥㻝㻟 㻝㻣㻠㻚㻥㻡 㻝㻠㻚㻞㻣㻥 㻝㻠㻚㻟㻝㻤 㻝㻟㻞㻚㻢㻤 㻝㻤㻢㻚㻜㻣 㻤㻣㻚㻡㻡 㻞㻝㻚㻥㻥㻤 㻞㻜㻜㻚㻤㻢 㻣㻜㻚㻡㻥㻤 㻝㻞㻚㻥㻝 㻝㻣㻠㻚㻥㻡 㻝㻠㻚㻞㻣㻢 㻝㻠㻚㻟㻝㻣 㻝㻟㻞㻚㻢㻥 㻝㻤㻢㻚㻜㻣 㻤㻣㻚㻡㻡 㻞㻞 㻞㻜㻜㻚㻤㻢 㻣㻜㻚㻡㻥㻣 㻝㻞㻚㻥㻜㻤 㻝㻣㻠㻚㻥㻡 㻝㻠㻚㻞㻣㻢 㻝㻠㻚㻟㻝㻞 㻝㻟㻞㻚㻢㻥 ࣭ ࣭࣭ 㻝㻤㻢㻚㻜㻣 㻤㻣㻚㻡㻡㻞 㻞㻞㻚㻜㻜㻝 㻞㻜㻜㻚㻤㻣 㻣㻜㻚㻡㻥㻣 㻝㻞㻚㻥㻜㻣 㻝㻣㻠㻚㻥㻢 㻝㻠㻚㻞㻣㻠 㻝㻠㻚㻟㻜㻣 㻝㻟㻞㻚㻢㻥 㻝㻤㻢㻚㻜㻤 㻤㻣㻚㻡㻡㻢 㻞㻞 㻞㻜㻜㻚㻤㻣 㻣㻜㻚㻡㻥㻤 㻝㻞㻚㻥㻜㻣 㻝㻣㻠㻚㻥㻢 㻝㻠㻚㻞㻢㻥 㻝㻠㻚㻟㻜㻢 㻝㻟㻞㻚㻢㻥 㻝㻤㻡㻚㻥㻣 㻤㻣㻚㻞㻢 㻞㻝㻚㻥㻢㻞 㻞㻜㻜㻚㻤㻣 㻣㻜㻚㻡㻥㻤 㻝㻞㻚㻥㻜㻢 㻝㻣㻠㻚㻥㻢 㻝㻠㻚㻞㻢㻣 㻝㻠㻚㻟㻜㻢 㻝㻟㻞㻚㻢㻥 㻝㻤㻡㻚㻥㻟 㻤㻣㻚㻝㻣㻥 㻞㻝㻚㻥㻣㻝 㻞㻜㻜㻚㻤㻣 㻣㻜㻚㻡㻥㻣 㻝㻞㻚㻥㻜㻢 㻝㻣㻠㻚㻥㻢 㻝㻠㻚㻞㻢㻢 㻝㻠㻚㻟㻜㻡 㻝㻟㻞㻚㻢㻥 㻝㻤㻡㻚㻤㻤 㻤㻣㻚㻞㻠㻤 㻞㻞㻚㻝㻜㻟 㻞㻜㻜㻚㻤㻤 㻣㻜㻚㻡㻥㻤 㻝㻞㻚㻥㻜㻣 㻝㻣㻠㻚㻥㻢 㻝㻠㻚㻞㻢㻢 㻝㻠㻚㻟㻜㻠 㻝㻟㻞㻚㻢㻥 ࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ᅗ 2-24 ฟຊࡋࡓࢹ࣮ࢱ (3) Vicon MX ࡢୖ࡛ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱฎ⌮ ィ ᚋࡣ㸪ᅗ 2-23a ࡢࡼ࠺㸪ᐃ⩏ࡋࡓ⤯ᑐᗙᶆ⣔ୖ࡛ࡢᶆⅬ⨨ࡀ⮬ື࡛ィ⟬ࡉࢀ㸪 ⾲♧ࡉࢀࡿ㸬Vicon MX ࡢࢯࣇࢺୖ㸦Workstation㸧࡛ᶆⅬࡢ㆑ูࡸḞᦆࢹ࣮ࢱࡢ⿵㛫ࢆࡋࡓ㸬 ᅗ 2-23b ࡢࡼ࠺㸪ィ ᚋࡢྛᶆⅬ㸪ᶆⅬ㆑ู⏝ࡢࣛ࣋ࣝࢆࡅ㸪㋖᥋ᆅࡽ∎ඛ㞳ᆅ ࡲ࡛ࡢᮇ㛫࡛㸪ṇࡋࡃᶆⅬࢆࢺࣛࢵ࢟ࣥࢢ࡛ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᕥ㊊ྑ㊊ࡀ ᕪࡍࡿṌ⾜࿘ᮇ 20㹼30㸣㏆࡛㸪ẕᣦഃᶆⅬࡢ࠸ࡃࡘ୍㒊ࢹ࣮ࢱࡢḞᦆࡀぢࡽࢀ ࡓࡓࡵ㸪ࢹ࣮ࢱࡢḞᦆ⟠ᡤࢆ Fill gap ࢥ࣐ࣥࢻ㸦3 ḟࡢࢫࣉࣛࣥ⿵㛫㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚⿵㛫ࡋࡓ㸬 ᭱ᚋ㸪ィ ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ ASCI ᙧᘧ࡛ฟຊࡋࡓ㸬ฟຊࡋࡓࢹ࣮ࢱࡣ㸪ᅗ 2-24 ࡢࡼ࠺㸪ࣛ ࣋ࣝࡅࡋࡓᶆⅬࡈࡢ 3 ḟඖᗙᶆࡢ⣔ิࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࡋ࡚⾲ࡉࢀࡿ㸬 35 ➨ 2 ❶ ືⓗ㊊ኚᙧィ ᡭἲ (4) Matlab ࡛ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱฎ⌮ ᚓࡽࢀࡓ⣔ิࢹ࣮ࢱࡣ㸪 Matlab ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ኚᙧ๓ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱฎ⌮ࢆࡋࡓ㸬 ࢹࢪࢱ࣮ࣝࣟࣃࢫࣇࣝࢱ࣮52㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ 10 Hz ࡛ᖹࡋࡓᚋ㸪3 ḟࡢࢫࣉࣛࣥ⿵㛫࡛ 㛫㍈ࢆᅗ 2-25 ࡢ 1 ࿘ᮇ%㸦㋖᥋ᆅࡽḟࡢ㋖᥋ᆅࡲ࡛㸧つ᱁ࡋࡓ㸬௨ᚋ㸪㋖᥋ᆅࢆ Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 0%㸪∎ඛ㞳ᆅࢆ 60%ࡍࡿ㸬 ❧⬮ ㋃ࡳ㎸ࡳ ㋖᥋ᆅ 㸦 H.C. 㸧 ∎ඛ᥋ᆅ 㸦 T.C. 㸧 ㋖㞳ᆅ 㸦 H.O. 㸧 20 㸣 0㸣 ㋾ࡾฟࡋ ∎ඛ㞳ᆅ 㸦 T.O. 㸧 ㋖᥋ᆅ 㸦 H.C. 㸧 40 㸣 ィ ᑐ㇟ 60 % ᅗ 2-25 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇᐃ⩏ 㐟⬮ 100 㸣 36 ➨ 2 ❶ ືⓗ㊊ኚᙧィ ᡭἲ 㸴㸬Ṍ⾜୰ࡢ㛵⠇㐠ື㊊ᙧ≧ࡢ᥎ᐃ 㸴㸯 ᴫせ ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪㛵⠇㐠ື㊊ኚᙧࡢྠ᥎ᐃᡭἲࢆᥦࡍࡿ㸬ࡲࡎ㸪ィ ࡋࡓᶆⅬ⨨ ࡽ㛵⠇㐠ືࢆ᥎ᐃࡍࡿ㸬ḟ㸪㟼Ṇ㊊࣓ࢵࢩࣗࢆṌ⾜ࡢྛⅬ࡛ࡢᶆⅬ⨨㔜࡞ࡿࡼ ࠺ኚᙧࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡛㸪Ṍ⾜୰ࡢ㊊ᙧ≧ࢆ᥎ᐃࡍࡿ㸬 ࡓࡔࡋ㸪ᮏᡭἲ࡛ࡣ㸪㊊ࡢ⾲㠃ኚᙧࡣ㛵⠇㐠ືࡼࡿࡶࡢ⪃࠼㸪⓶ୖࡢ࣐࣮࢝ࡽ 㦵᱁⨨ࢆィ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡋࡋ㸪⓶ୖࡢᶆⅬࡣṌ⾜୰ࡢ⓶ࡢఙ⦰ࡼࡗ࡚㸪ᙜึࡢ 㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬ⨨ࡽࡎࢀࡿࡇࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪⓶ୖࡢᶆⅬࡀ㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬ⨨ ࡽ㸪ᐇ㝿ࡢ⛬ᗘࡎࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࢆィ ࡋ㸪㛵⠇㐠ືࡢゎᯒ࠼ࡿᙳ㡪ࡀᑠࡉ࠸ࡇ ࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪3 ❶ 2 ⠇࡛ホ౯ࡋࡓ㸬 ࡞࠾㸪㊊ᙧ≧ࡢ᥎ᐃ࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪⓶ୖᶆⅬ⨨㛵⠇⨨ࡎࢀࡀ⏕ࡌ࡚ࡶ㸪ᐇ㝿ࡢ ⓶ኚᙧక࠺ࡓࡵ㸪ᙳ㡪ࡣ࡞࠸㸬 Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧࡢ᥎ᐃࡣ㸪㊊ࡢ⾲㠃ኚᙧࡀ㛵⠇㐠ືࡼࡿࡶࡢ௬ᐃࡋ㸪ィ ࡋࡓ 20 Ⅼ ࡢ≉ᚩⅬ⨨ࢆ┠ᶆ⨨ࡋ࡚㸪㟼Ṇ㊊࣓ࢵࢩࣗࢆⅬࡈኚᙧࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡛ᐇ⌧ࡍࡿ㸬 ࡇࢀࡣ㸪࡛ࡁࡿࡂࡾඖࡢᙧ≧ࢆ⥔ᣢࡋ㸪➼㛗ኚ㏆࠸ኚᙧࢆᐇ⌧࡛ࡁࡿ As-rigid-as possible ἲ 53㸧ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㸬 㸴㸰 ㊊ᙧ≧ࡢ᥎ᐃ᪉ἲ As-rigid-as possible ἲࡣ㸪Laplacian Surface Editing ἲࡢⓎᒎᡭἲ࡛㸪ᘧ㸦2-5㸧ࡢᚤศᗙᶆ ࡢኚࢆ๛యᅇ㌿࡛⾜࠺ࡇࡼࡗ࡚㸪ࡏࢇ᩿ࡸᣑኚᙧࢆ㝖࠸࡚㸪࡛ࡁࡿࡂࡾඖࡢพ ฝࢆ⥔ᣢࡋࡓኚᙧࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿ㸬 ࡇࡇ࡛ࡢᑟฟࡣ㸪ᚤศᗙᶆδi࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ࢚ࢵࢪ࣋ࢡࢺࣝ vi -v ࢆ⏝࠸ࡿ㸬㡬Ⅼ i ࡛ࡢ๛యᅇ ㌿ࢆ Ri㸪ኚᙧᚋࡢ㡬Ⅼ i ࢆ vi’ࡍࡿ㸪࣓ࢵࢩࣗࡀ๛యᅇ㌿ࡍࡿሙྜࡣ㸪㎶ ij ࡘ࠸࡚ ᘧ(2-9)ࡀᡂࡾ❧ࡘ㸬 v'i -v'j 㸻 Ri ൫vi -vj ൯ (2-9) 37 ➨ 2 ❶ ືⓗ㊊ኚᙧィ ᡭἲ ࡋࡋ㸪ᅇࡣ㸪⣧⢋࡞๛యᅇ㌿࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡓࡵ㸪௨ୗࡢ᭱ᑠၥ㢟ࢆゎࡁ㸪ᒁᡤⓗ࡞ኚᙧ ࢆᚎࠎ๛యኚᙧ㏆࡙ࡅ࡚࠸ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬 2 argmin wij ฮ൫v'i -v'j ൯-Ri (vi -vj )ฮ (2-10) Ri ,vi jאN(i) ࡞࠾㸪wij ࡣ㸪㡬Ⅼ i 㞄᥋ࡍࡿ㡬Ⅼ⩌࠾࠸࡚㸪㠀ᆒ୍ᛶࢆ⿵࠸㸪㞳ᩓࢆ㜵ࡄࡓࡵࡢ㔜ࡳ ࡅಀᩘ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ᘧ(2-10)ࡢ᭱ᑠࡣ㸪௨ୗࡢ 2 ẁ㝵ࢆ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡍࡇ࡛ᐇ⌧࡛ࡁࡿ㸬 ➨㸯ࢫࢸࢵࣉ࡛ࡣ㸪Ri ࢆᅛᐃࡋ㸪ᘧ(2-10)ࢆ᭱ᑠࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞ vi ࢆồࡵࡿ㸬࢚ࢵࢪ࣋ࢡࢺ ࣝ vi -vj ࢆ㡬Ⅼࡲࢃࡾ㊊ࡋྜࢃࡏࡿ㸪ᚤศᗙᶆδi ࡞ࡿ㸦ᘧ(2-1)㸧ࡇࡽ㸪⤖ᒁ㸪ࡇ ࡢၥ㢟ࡣ㸪ᘧ(2-7)ࢆゎࡃࡇࡼࡗ࡚ᐇ⌧࡛ࡁࡿ㸬 ➨ 2 ࢫࢸࢵࣉ࡛ࡣ㸪vi ࢆᅛᐃࡋ㸪ᘧ(2-10)ࢆ᭱ᑠࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞ Ri ࢆồࡵࡿ㸬ࡇࡇ࡛㸪vi -vj =eij ࡋ㸪ᘧ(2-10)ࢆᒎ㛤ࡋࡓࡁ㸪ḟᘧ࡞ࡿ㸬 2 ' 'T T wij ฮ൫v'i -v'j ൯-Ri (vi -vj )ฮ = wij ൫e'T ij eij -2eij Ri eij +eij eij ൯ (2-11) j jѮN(i) ᭱ᑡࡢ㐣⛬࠾࠸࡚㸪ᘧ(2-11)ࡢ Ri ࢆྵࡲ࡞࠸㡯ࡣ୍ᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵ㸪↓ど࡛ࡁࡿ㸬ࡑࡇ࡛㸪 ᘧ(2-11)➨ 2 㡯ࡼࡾ㸪ḟᘧࢆᑟࡃࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬 'T argmin ൫-2wij e'T ij Ri eij ൯= argmax Tr ቌ wij eij eij ቍ (2-12) Ri Ri j j ࡇࡇ࡛㸪ᘧ(2-12)ྑ㎶㸦㸧ෆࡣ㸪ඹศᩓ⾜ิ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡇࢀࢆ Si ࡍࡿ㸪 'T Si = wij eij e'T ij =Pi Di Pi (2-13) jѮN(i) ࡞࠾㸪Di ࡣ㸪㔜ࡳࡅಀᩘ wij ࢆᑐゅ᪉ྥ㓄⨨ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪Pi ࡣ eij ࢆิ᪉ྥ㓄⨨ࡋ ࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ୍⯡㸪RiSi ࡀ༙ᐃ್⾜ิ࡞ࡿࡁ㸪Tr(RiSi)ࢆ᭱ᑡࡍࡿᅇ㌿⾜ิ Ri ࢆྲྀᚓ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬ࡇ ࡇ࡛㸪≉␗್ศゎ㸸 㸸Si = Ui Σi VTi ࡼࡾ㸪 Ri =Vi UTi ࡛ồࡵࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬 (2-14) 38 ➨ 2 ❶ ືⓗ㊊ኚᙧィ ᡭἲ 㸵㸱 ᐇ㝿ࡢ᪉ἲ ࡲࡎ㸪ᘧ(2-7)ࡢ┠ᶆ⨨ c ≉ᚩⅬ⨨ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ௦ධࡋ㸪Ti ࢆṇつ⾜ิࡋ࡚㟼Ṇ㊊࣓ࢵ ࢩࣗ V ࢆኚᙧࡋ㸪ࡇࢀࢆึᮇ᥎ᐃᙧ≧ V0 ࡍࡿ㸬V0 ࡢ࢚ࢵࢪ࣋ࢡࢺࣝࢆᇶ㸪ᘧ(2-14) ࡽ Ri ࢆồࡵࡿ㸬ḟ㸪Ti =Riࡋ࡚㸪ᗘኚᙧࢆ⾜࠸㸪᥎ᐃᙧ≧ V1 ࢆྲྀᚓࡍࡿ㸬ྲྀᚓࡋࡓ V1 ᘧ㸦2-14㸧ࡽࡧ Ri ࢆồࡵࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࢆ༑ศ࡞⢭ᗘࡀᚓࡽࢀࡿࡲ࡛⧞ࡾ㏉ࡍࡇ࡛㸪 ᘧ(2-10)ࢆ᭱ᑠࡍࡿ Ri ࢆ㏆ⓗồࡵࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ ᅇᩘࡀ 10 ᅇ┠௨㝆ࡣ㸪ฟຊᙧ≧ࡁ࡞ᕪࡀぢࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࡇࡽ㸪ᅇᩘࡣ 10 ᅇࡋࡓ㸬࡞࠾㸪ィ⟬ࡣ㸪Matlab ࢆ⏝࠸㸪3.0 GHz ࡢ PC ࡛Ṍ⾜ࡢ 1 Ⅼࡢᙧ≧ࢆᚓࡿ ࡢ㸪30 ⛊⛬ᗘࢆせࡋࡓ㸬࡞࠾㸪୍㒊ࡢᶆⅬࢹ࣮ࢱࡢḞⴠࡀぢࡽࢀࡓࡓࡵ㸪ࡇࡢ༊㛫 ࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ィ ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡗࡓᶆⅬࢆኚᙧᚋࡢ┠ᶆ⨨ࡽ㝖እࡋ㸪ィ ࡛ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿᶆⅬࡢ ࡳࢆ┠ᶆ⨨ࢆࡋ࡚タᐃࡋ㸪ኚᙧࡋࡓ㸬 ௨ୖࡢ᪉ἲࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪1 Ṍ⾜ࡘࡁṌ⾜୰ࡢ㋖᥋ᆅࡽ∎ඛ㞳ᆅࡲ࡛ࡢṌ⾜࿘ᮇ 0㹼60㸣 ࡲ࡛ࡢ 1㸣ࡈィ 61 ᙧ≧ࢆồࡵࡓ㸬 39 ➨ 2 ❶ ືⓗ㊊ኚᙧィ ᡭἲ 㸶㸬ィ ᮏ⠇࡛ࡣ㸪ィ ᡭἲࡼࡾྲྀᚓࡋࡓ㊊ᙧ≧ィ ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪㊊ᙧ≧ࢆྠ୍⿕㦂⪅ࡢ ࣁࢫࣆ࣮ࢻື⏬⡆༢ẚ㍑ࡋࡓ㸬 (1) ᪉ἲ ᥦᡭἲࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᐇ㝿Ṍ⾜୰ࡢ㊊ᙧ≧ࢆィ ࡋࡓ㸬 ィ ᪉ἲࡣ 2 ❶ 2 ⠇ྠᵝ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ࡲࡓ㸪ྠࢹࢪࢱ࣓ࣝ࢝ࣛ㸦EX-F1㸸CASIO㸪300fps㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪Ṍ⾜ࡢᵝᏊࢆࣁࢫ ࣆ࣮ࢻ࡛ᙳࡋࡓ㸬 ࣓࢝ࣛࡣ㸪 ᅗ 2-19 ࡢィ 㡿ᇦࡽ⣙ 1000 mm 㞳ࢀࡓ⨨ࡽィ ࡋࡓ㸬 ⿕㦂⪅ࡣ㸪⮬↛࣓࢝ࣛࡢᙳ⠊ᅖෆṌࡁጞࡵࡽ 4 Ṍ┠ࡢྑ㊊ࡀࡅࡿࡼ࠺㸪 ๓Ṍ⾜⦎⩦ࡉࡏࡓ㸬 (2) ᐇ㦂᮲௳ ᐇ㦂᮲௳ࡣ㸪〄㊊㠐╔⏝Ṍ⾜ࡢ 2 ᮲௳࡛࠶ࡿ㸬࡞࠾㸪㠐╔⏝Ṍ⾜࡛⏝ࡋࡓ㠐ࡣ㸪 ᅗ 2-22b ࡢ 235 mm ┦ᙜࡢࣃࣥࣉࢫ㸦ࣄ࣮ࣝ㧗 45 mm㸧࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 (3) ⿕㦂⪅ ⿕㦂⪅ࡣ㸪ᡂேዪᛶ 1 ྡ㸦㊊㛗㸸236 mm㸪㊊ᅖ㸸224 mm㸧࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ௨㝆㸪࡚ࡢᐇ㦂࠾࠸࡚㸪⿕㦂⪅๓ᐇ㦂ࡢ┠ⓗࡸಶேࢹ࣮ࢱࡢྲྀᢅ᪉ἲ࡞ࢆ ㄝ᫂ࡋ㸪࠸ࡘ࡛ࡶ୰Ṇ࡛ࡁࡿࡇࢆఏ࠼࡚ࡽ㸪ྠពࡢୖ㸪ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬 (4) ⤖ᯝ ᅗ 2-26 〄㊊ࡢሙྜࡢィ ࢆ㸪ᅗ 2-27 ࣃࣥࣉࢫ╔⏝ࡢィ ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬 ࡇࡢࡼ࠺㸪 ᥦᡭἲࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡛㸪Ṍ⾜୰ࡢ㊊ᙧ≧ࢆ⌧ࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬ᅗ 2-26 ࡢࡼ࠺㸪࢝ ࣓ࣛ⏬ീࡽ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺㸪〄㊊ࡢࡁࡣ㸪∎ඛࡀᣲࡀࡗ࡚㋖᥋ᆅࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ィ ࡋ ࡓ㊊ᙧ≧ࡶྠᵝ∎ඛࡀᣲࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀࢃࡿ㸬 ୍᪉㸪ࣃࣥࣉࢫ╔⏝ࡣ㸪ࣄ࣮ࣝ㧗ࡀ࠶ࡿࡓࡵ㸪ᅗ 2-27 ࡢࡼ࠺㸪∎ඛࡀୖࡀࡽࡎ❧ 40 ➨ 2 ❶ ືⓗ㊊ኚᙧィ ᡭἲ ㏆࠸≧ែ࡛᥋ᆅࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡞ࡢ≉ᚩࡀぢࡽࢀ㸪ィ ࡋࡓ㊊ᙧ≧ྠࡌࡼ࠺ኚᙧࡋ࡚࠸ ࡿࡇࡀࢃࡿ㸬 a. ࣁࢫࣆ࣮ࢻື⏬ࡼࡾษࡾฟࡋ b. Ṍ⾜୰ࡢ㊊ᙧ≧ ᅗ 2-26 〄㊊ィ 41 ➨ 2 ❶ ືⓗ㊊ኚᙧィ ᡭἲ a. ࣁࢫࣆ࣮ࢻື⏬ࡼࡾษࡾฟࡋ b. Ṍ⾜୰ࡢ㊊ᙧ≧ ᅗ 2-27 ࣃࣥࣉࢫ╔⏝ィ 42 ➨ 2 ❶ ືⓗ㊊ኚᙧィ ᡭἲ 㸷㸬Ṍ⾜୰㊊ኚᙧ≉ᚩ㔞 1 ❶ 2 ⠇࡛♧ࡋࡓ㏻ࡾ㸪㐺ྜᛶࡢ㧗࠸㠐タィࡣᵝࠎ࡞㊊ኚᙧ≉ᚩ㔞ࡀᚲせ࡞ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢ ࡓࡵ㸪ᮏᡭἲࢆ⏝࠸࡚ྲྀᚓࡋࡓṌ⾜୰ࡢ㊊ᙧ≧ࡽ㸪㠐タィ᭷⏝࡞ࢹ࣮ࢱࡋ࡚㸪㛵 ⠇㐠ື㸪᩿㠃ᙧ≧㸪࿘㛗ኚ㸪㊊⾲㠃ఙ⦰ࡢ 4 㡯┠ࡢ⟬ฟ᪉ἲᴫせࢆ♧ࡍ㸬 㸷.㸯 㛵⠇㐠ື 㛵⠇㐠ືࡣ㸪4 ⠇࡛ᐃ⩏ࡋࡓᗙᶆ⣔ࢆඖྛ⠇ᗙᶆ㛫࡛ 3 ḟඖ࣮࢜ࣛゅ 53-55㸧ࢆồࡵࡓ㸬 3 ḟඖᗙᶆ⣔࠾࠸࡚㸪2 ࡘࡢᗙᶆ⣔㛫ࡢ┦ᑐゅᗘࢆồࡵࡿሙྜ㸪୍᪉ࡢᗙᶆ⣔ࢆ∦᪉ࡢᗙ ᶆ⣔ࡢ┤㠃ᢞᙳࡉࡏࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡁ㸪1 ㍈㎶ࡾ㸪ᢞᙳゅࡣ 3 ࡘᏑᅾࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪㒊࡛ 9 ࡘ ࡢᢞᙳゅࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿ㸬ࡇࡢ࠺ࡕ㸪⊂❧ࡋࡓᢞᙳゅࡣ 3 ࡘࡢࡳ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ᅇ㌿ࡣ≉ᐃࡢ㡰ᗎ࡛ ⾜࠺ᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬 ୍⯡㸪ࣂ࣓࢜࢝ࢽࢡࢫࡢศ㔝࡛ࡣ㸪ゎ๗Ꮫⓗ㛵⠇㐠ືࢆᐃ⩏ࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ᒅఙ㸪 ෆእ㌿㸪ෆእ᪕ࡢ㡰ᅇ㌿ࡉࡏࡿࡇࡀከ࠸㸬ࡑࡇ࡛㸪ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪ྛ⠇㛫࠾࠸࡚㸪y ㍈ ࿘ࡾࡢᅇ㌿ࢆᒅఙ㸪x ㍈࿘ࡾࡢᅇ㌿ࢆෆእ㌿㸪z ㍈࿘ࡾࡢᅇ㌿ࢆෆእ᪕ࡋ㸪ᒅఙ㸪ෆእ㌿㸪 ෆእ᪕ࡢ㡰ᅇ㌿ࡉࡏࡓ㸬ᅗ 2-28 ᅇ㌿᪉ྥࡢࢆ♧ࡍ㸬 እ᪕(-) ෆ㌿(+) ఙᒎ(-) ෆ᪕(+) ᒅ᭤(+) a. ᒅఙ እ㌿(-) b. ෆእ㌿ c. ෆእ᪕ ᅗ 2-28 ゅᗘᐃ⩏ 㸦㊊᰿㒊ࢆᇶ‽ࡋࡓࡁࡢẕᣦഃ๓㊊㒊㸧 43 ➨ 2 ❶ ືⓗ㊊ኚᙧィ ᡭἲ ୍⯡㸪3 ḟඖᗙᶆ⣔࠾࠸࡚㸪x ㍈࿘ࡾȘᅇ㌿ࡋࡓሙྜ㸪ᅇ㌿⾜ิ Rx ࡣ 1 0 0 Rx = ൭0 cosα -sinα൱ 0 cosα cosα (2-15) y ㍈࿘ࡾșᅇ㌿ࡋࡓሙྜ㸪ᅇ㌿⾜ิ Ry ࡣ cosβ Ry = ቌ 0 -sinβ 0 sinβ 1 0 ቍ 0 cosβ (2-16) z ㍈࿘ࡾȚᅇ㌿ࡋࡓሙྜ㸪ᅇ㌿⾜ิ Rz ࡣ cosγ -sinγ Rz = ቌ sinγ cosγ 0 0 0 0ቍ 1 (2-17) ⾲ࡍࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬 ㏆⠇࿘ࡾࡢᅇ㌿ࢆ⪃࠼ࡓሙྜ㸪ᅇ㌿⾜ิ R ࡣḟᘧࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡿ㸬 R=Rz Rx RY (2-18) ࡲࡓ㸪ࡇࡢࡁ㸪R ࡣ㸪⤯ᑐᗙᶆ㍈࿘ࡾࡢ㏆⠇ࡢᅇ㌿⾜ิ Rp ⤯ᑐᗙᶆ㍈࿘ࡾࡢ㐲⠇ ࡢᅇ㌿⾜ิ Rd ࡽ㸪ḟᘧࡢࡼ࠺ᐃ⩏࡛ࡁࡿ㸬 R㸻Rd T Rp (2-19) ᘧ(2-18)㸪(2-19)ࡼࡾ㸪ྛゅᗘࡣ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺ồࡵࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬 α= sin-1 ሺr32 ሻ r31 β= sin-1 ቀr (2-20) ቁ cos α (2-21) r ࡞࠾㸪cos31α <0 ࡢࡁ β㸻π-β㸪 cos31α >-π ࡢࡁ β㸻β-2π r 22 γ= sin-1 ቀ- cosα ቁ ࡞࠾㸪 r22 cos α r <0 ࡢࡁ γ㸻π - γ㸪 cos22α >-π ࡢࡁ γ㸻γ-2π (2-22) 44 ➨ 2 ❶ ືⓗ㊊ኚᙧィ ᡭἲ 㸷.㸰 ᩿㠃ᙧ≧ ィ ࡋࡓ㊊ᙧ≧ࡽ᩿㠃ᙧ≧ࢆồࡵࡓ㸬㏻ᖖ㸪㊊ࡢ᩿㠃ᙧ≧ࡣ㸪㟼Ṇ❧ྲྀᚓࡍࡿ ࡓࡵ㸪᩿㠃ࢆᐃ⩏ࡍࡿᗙᶆ⣔ࡣィ ᶵ⏤᮶ࡢ⤯ᑐᗙᶆ⣔࡞ࡿ㸬୍᪉࡛㸪㊊ࡣ㸪Ṍ⾜୰ ㋖ࡀᣙୖࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪㋖ࡀᣙୖࡋࡓᚋ⤯ᑐᗙᶆ⣔ࢆᇶ‽ࡋ࡚᩿㠃ᙧ≧ࢆồࡵࡿ㸪㟼Ṇ ᩿㠃ࡢᐃ⩏ࡀ␗࡞ࡿࡓࡵ㸪ẚ㍑ࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪ᮏㄽᩥ࡛ࡣ㸪⤯ᑐᗙᶆ⣔ୖ㊊ ㍈ࡽᐃ⩏ࡉࢀࡿ㊊ᗙᶆ⣔ୖ㸦┦ᑐᗙᶆ⣔㸧ࡢ 2 ࡘࡢᗙᶆ⣔ୖ࡛᩿㠃ᙧ≧ࢆྲྀᚓࡍࡿ㸬 (1) ⤯ᑐᗙᶆ⣔ୖ㸦ᆅ㠃ࢆᇶ‽㠃㸧ࡢ᩿㠃ᙧ≧ ⤯ᑐᗙᶆ⣔ୖࡢ X ㍈㋖Ⅼࡽ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ➨୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼࡢ୰Ⅼࢆ⤖ࡪ┤⥺ࡀྠ ࡌྥࡁ࡞ࡿࡼ࠺㸪㊊ᙧ≧యࢆ XY ᖹ㠃ୖ࡛ᅇ㌿⛣ືࡍࡿ㸬⤯ᑐᗙᶆ⣔ୖ࡛㸪㊊ᅖ┦ ᙜࡍࡿ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ࡛ࡢ YZ ᩿㠃ᙧ≧ࢆồࡵࡿሙྜ㸪ྛⅬࡢ X ᗙᶆs1mm ௨ෆ࠶ࡿ࣓ ࢵࢩࣗୖࡢⅬ⩌ࢆ᩿㠃ᙧ≧ࡋ࡚ྲྀᚓࡍࡿ㸬 (2) ㊊㍈ࡽᐃ⩏ࡉࢀࡿ㊊ᗙᶆ⣔ୖࡢ᩿㠃ᙧ≧ ᅗ 2-29 ♧ࡍࡼ࠺㸪㋖ⅬࢆཎⅬࡋ㸪➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ➨୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼࡢ୰Ⅼࢆ⤖ࡪ ┤⥺ࢆ x ㍈㸦ᅇෆእ㸧㸪x ㍈➨୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼࡽ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼࡢ┤⥺ࡢእ✚ࢆ z ㍈㸦ෆ እ㌿㸧 㸪z ㍈ x ㍈ࡢእ✚ࢆ y ㍈㸦ᒅఙ㸧ᐃ⩏ࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࡢᗙᶆୖ࡛㸪㊊ᅖ┦ᙜࡍࡿ➨୍ ୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ㸪ࣥࢫࢸࢵࣉᅖ┦ᙜࡍࡿᴂ≧㦵Ⅼ࠾ࡼࡧྑ㊥㦵Ⅼࡢ x ㍈ୖࡢྛ⨨࡛ࡢ yz ᩿㠃ᙧ≧ࢆồࡵࡓ㸬ྛⅬࡢ x ᗙᶆs1mm ௨ෆ࠶ࡿ࣓ࢵࢩࣗୖࡢⅬ⩌ࢆ᩿㠃ᙧ≧ࡋ࡚ྲྀ ᚓࡍࡿ㸬 ⯚≧㦵Ⅼ᩿㠃 ྑ㋖Ⅼ᩿㠃 ᴂ≧㦵Ⅼ᩿㠃 z x ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ ➨୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼࡢ୰Ⅼ ᅗ 2-29 ㊊ᗙᶆ⣔ᐃ⩏ ㋖Ⅼ 45 ➨ 2 ❶ ືⓗ㊊ኚᙧィ ᡭἲ 㸷.㸱 ࿘㛗ኚ ᮏᡭἲ࠾ࡅࡿ࿘㛗ኚࡢྲྀᚓࡋ࡚㊊ᅖኚࢆ௨ୗ♧ࡍ㸬 ᮏィ ᡭἲ࡛ࡣ㸪㊊ᙧ≧ࡢṇ☜࡞ᙧ≧ࢆ⌧࡛ࡁ࡞࠸㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪Ṍ⾜୰ࡢ㊊ᅖኚ ࢆồࡵࡿࡓࡵ㸪ᅗ 2-30 ࡢࡼ࠺㸪㊊ᅖィ ࣛࣥୖ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌ୗ᪉Ⅼ➨୰㊊㦵㢌 ୗ᪉Ⅼࡢ 2 Ⅼࢆᐃ⩏ࡋ㸪㊊ᅖ㒊㊊ࡣᖹ㠃࡛࠶ࡾ㸪➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌ୗ᪉Ⅼ➨୰㊊㦵㢌ୗ ᪉ⅬࡢṌ⾜୰ࡢ㧗ࡉኚࡣᑠࡉ࠸௬ᐃࡋ㸪௨ୗࡢᘧࡼࡾṌ⾜୰ࡢ㊊ᅖࢆồࡵࡿ㸬 ㊊ᅖ 㸻㸦➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌ୗ᪉Ⅼ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ㛫ࡢ㊊⾲㠃ୖ᭱▷㊥㞳㸧 㸩㸦➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ➨୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ㛫ࡢ㊊⾲㠃ୖ᭱▷㊥㞳㸧 㸩㸦➨୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ➨୰㊊㦵㢌ୗ᪉Ⅼ㛫ࡢ㊊⾲㠃ୖ᭱▷㊥㞳㸧 㸩㸦➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌ୗ᪉Ⅼ➨୰㊊㦵㢌ୗ᪉Ⅼ㛫ࡢ┤⥺㊥㞳㸧 㸩㸦㟼Ṇ❧ࡢ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌ୗ᪉Ⅼ➨୰㊊㦵㢌ୗ᪉Ⅼࡢᆅ㠃ࡽࡢ㧗ࡉ㸧 ẕᣦഃ Ѝ 㧗ࡉ᪉ྥ Ѝ Ћᑠᣦഃ ➨୰㊊㦵Ⅼ ➨୍୰㊊㦵Ⅼ ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌ୗ᪉Ⅼ ➨୍୰㊊㦵Ⅼ ➨୰㊊㦵Ⅼ ➨୰㊊㦵㢌ୗ᪉Ⅼ ی㸸ィ ᙧ≧ a. ㊊ᅖ ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌ୗ᪉Ⅼ ㊊ᅖ┦ᙜ b. ㊊ᅖᐃ⩏ ᅗۑ㊊ᅖࡢ⟬ฟ᪉ἲ ㊊ᅖᐃ⩏ ᅗ 2-30 46 ➨ 2 ❶ ືⓗ㊊ኚᙧィ ᡭἲ 㸷.㸲 ㊊⾲㠃ఙ⦰ ㊊⾲㠃ఙ⦰ࡋ࡚㸪࣓ࢵࢩࣗୖࡢ୕ゅᙧࡢ㠃✚ኚ⋡ࢆồࡵࡓ㸬୕ゅᙧ㠃✚ኚ⋡ࡣ㸪 ྛṌ⾜࿘ᮇ࠾ࡅࡿ 3 Ⅼࡢ㡬Ⅼࡽᡂࡿྛ୕ゅᙧࡢ࣓ࢵࢩࣗ㠃✚ࡽ㟼Ṇ❧ࡢྛ࣓ࢵ ࢩࣗ㠃✚ࢆᘬ࠸ࡓ್ࢆ㟼Ṇ❧ࡢ࣓ࢵࢩࣗ㠃✚࡛ࡗࡓ್ࡋࡓ㸬 ࡇࢀࢆᇶ㸪ࡋ࡚㸪㠃✚ኚ⋡ࡢᖜ㸦࣓ࢵࢩࣗኚ⋡ࡢ್̺᭱᭱ᑠ್㸧ࡢࡁ ࡉࢆᅗ 2-31 ♧ࡍ㸬࡞࠾㸪㠃✚ኚ⋡ࡢศᕸࢆ⃰ᗘ㸦⃰࠸ῶᑡ㸪ⷧ࠸ቑຍ㸧࡛♧ ࡋࡓ㸬 ࡇࢀࡣ㸪Ṍ⾜୰㊊⾲㠃ࡢఙ⦰ࡋࡸࡍ࠸㒊ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ࡇࡢࡼ࠺㸪㠃✚ኚ⋡ࡽ㸪 Ṍ⾜୰ࡢ㊊⾲㠃ఙ⦰ࢆồࡵࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬 㠃✚ኚ⋡ 0.8 0.4 0 㸸㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬ ᅗ 2-31 ㊊⾲㠃ࡢఙ⦰ศᕸ ᅗ10 ኚࡢࡁࡉࡢศᕸ 47 ➨ 2 ❶ ືⓗ㊊ኚᙧィ ᡭἲ 㸯㸮㸬ᮏ❶ࡢࡲࡵ ᮏ❶࡛ࡣ㸪㠐Ṍ⾜୰ࡢືⓗ㊊ኚᙧィ ᪉ἲࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸬௨ୗᴫせࢆࡲࡵࡿ㸬 ㊊⾲㠃ୖࡢ 20 Ⅼࡢ㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬ⨨ᶆⅬࢆࡣࡾ㸦ᅗ 2-32a㸧 㸪㟼Ṇ❧㸦ᅗ 2-32b㸧 ࡢ 3D ㊊ᙧ≧ᶆⅬ⨨ࢆ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᘧ㠀᥋ゐ 3D ࢹࢪࢱࢨ㸦ࢥࢽ࣑࢝ࣀࣝࢱ㸸vivid 910㸧 ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ྲྀᚓࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࡢ㊊ᙧ≧㸦ᅗ 2-32c㸧㔜࡞ࡿࡼ࠺㸪ᅗ 1-11d ࡢࢸࣥࣉ࣮ࣞࢺ࣓ࢵ ࢩࣗࢆኚᙧࡉࡏ㸪ࡇࢀࢆ⿕㦂⪅ᅛ᭷ࡢ㟼Ṇ㊊࣓ࢵࢩࣗ㸦ᅗ 2-32e㸧ࡋࡓ㸬ḟ㸪㟼Ṇ㊊࣓ ࢵࢩࣗࢆᅗ 2-32f ࡢࡼ࠺ගᏛᘧືసィ ⨨㸦Vicon Motion Systems㸸Vicon MX㸧ࢆ⏝࠸ ࡚ィ ࡋࡓṌ⾜ࡢᶆⅬ⨨㸦ᅗ 2-32g㸧㔜࡞ࡿࡼ࠺ኚᙧࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡛㸪ᅗ 2-32h ࡢࡼ ࠺Ṍ⾜୰ࡢ㊊ኚᙧࢆ᥎ᐃࡋࡓ㸬ᐇ㝿ࡢィ ࢆ♧ࡋ㸪᥎ᐃࡋࡓ㊊ᙧ≧ࡽ㊊ኚᙧ≉ᚩ㔞 ࡢ⟬ฟ᪉ἲࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸬 ࡲࡓ㸪௨ୗࡢ 3 㡯┠ࡘ࠸࡚㸪᳨ドࡀᚲせ࡞ࡇࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸬 (1)࣐࣮࢝ࡢ㦵᱁㏣ᚑᛶࡢ☜ㄆ (2)ᶆⅬ࠾ࡼࡧࣅࢽ࣮ࣝ㉺ࡋࡢ୕ḟඖ⨨ィ ࡢ☜ㄆ (3)㊊⾲㠃ࡢᙧ≧᥎ᐃ⢭ᗘࡢ☜ㄆ ḟ❶࡛㸪ࡇࢀࡽ 3 㡯┠ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ドࢆ⾜࠸㸪ィ ᡭἲࡢጇᙜᛶࢆホ౯ࡋࡓ㸬 㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬ a. ᙧᶆⅬ d. ࢸࣥࣉ࣮ࣞࢺ H㟼Ṇ㊊࣓ࢵࢩࣗ f. Ṍ⾜ィ 㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬ b. 㟼Ṇᙧ≧ィ c. 㟼Ṇᙧ≧ 㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬ h. ᥎ᐃᙧ≧ ᅗ1-ە ᅗ 2-32 ᥦᡭἲࡢᴫせ ᥦᡭἲࡢᴫせ g. Ṍ⾜୰ࡢ 㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬ⨨ 48 ➨ 3 ❶ ィ ᡭἲࡢጇᙜᛶࡢ᳨ド ➨㸱❶ ィ ᡭἲࡢጇᙜᛶࡢ᳨ド 㸯㸬᪉㔪 ᮏ❶࡛ࡣ㸪௨ୗࡢ 3 㡯┠ࡘ࠸࡚ 2 ❶࡛ᥦࡋࡓṌ⾜୰ࡢ㊊ᙧ≧ィ ᡭἲࡢጇᙜᛶࢆ᳨ ウࡋࡓ㸬 (1)࣐࣮࢝ࡢ㦵᱁㏣ᚑᛶࡢ☜ㄆ ᮏᡭἲ࡛ࡣ㸪㊊ࡢ⾲㠃ኚᙧࡣ㛵⠇㐠ືࡼࡿࡶࡢ⪃࠼㸪⓶ୖࡢ࣐࣮࢝ࡽ㦵᱁⨨ ࢆィ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡋࡋ㸪⓶ୖࡢᶆⅬࡣṌ⾜୰ࡢ⓶ࡢఙ⦰ࡼࡗ࡚㸪ᙜึࡢ㦵᱁≉ᚩ Ⅼ⨨ࡽࡎࢀࡿࡇࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪ᐇ㝿ࡢ⛬ᗘ⓶ୖࡢᶆⅬࡀ㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬ ⨨ࡽࡍࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࢆィ ࡋ㸪㛵⠇㐠ືࡢゎᯒ࠼ࡿᙳ㡪ࡀᑠࡉ࠸ࡇࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓ㸬 (2)ᶆⅬ࠾ࡼࡧࣅࢽ࣮ࣝ㉺ࡋࡢ 3 ḟඖ⨨ィ ࡢ☜ㄆ ගᏛᘧືసィ ⨨࡛ᚑ᮶⏝ࡉࢀࡿ⌫ᶆⅬ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ཌࡳࡢ࡞࠸ᶆⅬࢆ⏝࠸㸪ࡑࢀ ࢆࣅࢽ࣮ࣝ㉺ࡋィ ࡛ࡁࡿ☜ㄆࡋࡓ㸬 ㏻ᖖ㸪ගᏛᘧືసィ ⨨࡛ࡣ㸪㉥እගࢆ↷ᑕࡋ࡚㸪⌫ᶆⅬࡢᑕගࢆ」ᩘྎࡢ࣓࢝ࣛ ෆࡢࢭࣥࢧ࡛ྲྀᚓࡍࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡁ㸪ࡢ࣓࡛࢝ࣛࡶ㸪ᶆⅬࡀᙧࡿࡇࡽ㸪ࡑࡢ㔜 ᚰࢆィ⟬ࡋ࡚ᗙᶆⅬࢆᚓࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬୍᪉㸪ᶆⅬ࡛ࡣ࣓࢝ࣛࡢゅᗘࡼࡗ࡚ࡣ㸪ᶆ Ⅼᙧ≧ࡣኚࢃࡿࡇࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀ㸪᭤㠃㈞ࡾࡅࡓሙྜࡣ༙≧ぢ࠼ࡿࡇࡶ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇ ࡢࡓࡵ㸪ᶆⅬ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶ⌫ᶆⅬྠ⛬ᗘ࡛ィ ࡀྍ⬟☜ㄆࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ࣅࢽ࣮ࣝ㉺ࡋ ࡛ࡣ㸪ࣅࢽ࣮ࣝ⮬యࡼࡿ㉥እගࡢᑕࡸࣅࢽ࣮ࣝࢆ㏱㐣ࡉࡏࡿࡓࡵගࡢᒅᢡࡼࡾ㸪ᶆ Ⅼࡽࡢᑕගࡀṇࡋ࠸⨨ㄆ㆑ࡉࢀ࡞࠸ྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬 (3)㊊⾲㠃ࡢᙧ≧᥎ᐃ⢭ᗘࡢ☜ㄆ ᥦᡭἲࡢ⥲ྜ⢭ᗘࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪⿕㦂⪅Ṍ⾜ࢆᶍᨃࡋࡓ㋖ᣲୖጼໃࢆྲྀࡽࡏ㸪 ࡇࡢࡁࡢᮏᡭἲࡼࡿ᥎ᐃ㊊ᙧ≧ࢆ 3 ḟඖࢫ࢟ࣕࢼ࡛┤᥋ィ ࡋࡓᙧ≧ẚ㍑ࡋࡓ㸬 49 ➨ 3 ❶ ィ ᡭἲࡢጇᙜᛶࡢ᳨ド 㸰㸬⓶ୖᶆⅬ㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬࡢࡎࢀࡢ☜ㄆ 㸰.㸯 ┠ⓗ ᮏᥦィ ᡭἲ࡛ࡣ㸪ගᏛᘧືసィ ⨨ࢆ⏝࠸㸪Ṍ⾜୰ࡢ㦵᱁㐠ືࢆ᥎ᐃࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪 ㊊⾲㠃⓶ୖ⾲ࢀࡿ㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬᶆⅬࢆ㈞ࡿ㸬ࡋࡋ㸪Ṍ⾜୰ࡣ⓶ࡀఙ⦰⭾㝯ࡍࡿࡓ ࡵ㸪Ṍ⾜୰ᶆⅬ㦵᱁⨨ࡀࡎࢀࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬 ືస୰ࡢ㦵᱁⨨⾲㠃ୖᶆⅬࡢࡎࢀࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪⭸㛵⠇ࡢ◊✲ࡀ࠶ࡿ 57㸪58) 㸬 Cappozo ࡽ 59)ࡣ㸪ୗ⫥ࡢ⓶ୖ࣐࣮࢝ࡢ⨨ィ ࢆ⾜࠸㸪Ṍ⾜୰ࡣ㟼Ṇ࡛ࡢ⨨ࡽ 10㹼30mm ⛬ᗘࡢኚࡀ⏕ࡌ㸪㛵⠇ゅᗘㄗᕪࢆ࠼࡚࠸ࡿࡇࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪⫪㛵⠇ࡘ࠸ ࡚㸪୰ᮧࡽ 60) ࡣ㸪࣮ࣔࢩࣙࣥ࢟ࣕࣉࢳࣕࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆ⏝ࡋ㸪㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬୖ㈞ࡾࡅࡓ࣐ ࣮࢝ 8 Ⅼࡽ⫪ࣔࢹࣝࢆ⏝࠸࡚⫪⏥㦵ࡢືࡁࢆ᥎ᐃࡋࡓሙྜ࡛ࡣ㸪openMRI ࢆ⏝࠸࡚┤᥋ ⫪⏥㦵ࡢືࡁࢆィ ࡋࡓሙྜẚ㍑ࡋ࡚㸪᭱ࡶ᮲௳ࡢࡼ࠸ሙྜ࡛ࡶ 10.1r⛬ᗘࡢㄗᕪࡀ⏕ ࡌࡿࡇࢆሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 ㊊ࡢሙྜ㸪┤᥋㦵᱁⨨⓶ୖࡢᶆⅬ⨨ࢆィ ࡋࡓࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪Nester ࡽ 61) ࡣ㸪㦵 ᑕᶆⅬࢆ㈞ࡾࡅࡓࣆࣥࢆ┤᥋ᤄࡋィ ࡋࡓ㛵⠇㛫ࡢ┦ᑐゅᗘ㸪⓶⾲㠃ୖᶆⅬࡼ ࡗ࡚ᵓᡂࡉࢀࡿ㊊ࣔࢹࣝࡼࡿ㛵⠇㛫ࡢ┦ᑐゅᗘࢆẚ㍑ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡋࡋ㸪㦵ࣆࣥࡼࡿ 㛵⠇ᗙᶆ㊊ࣔࢹ࡛ࣝࡣ㛵⠇ᐃ⩏ࡀ␗࡞ࡾ㸪య⾲㠃ᶆⅬ㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬࡢ㛫ࡢ⛬ᗘᕪ ࡀ࠶ࡿ᫂☜࡛ࡣ࡞࠸㸬 ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪⓶ୖ㈞ࡗࡓᶆⅬࡀ㸪Ṍ⾜୰㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬࡽࡢ⛬ᗘࡎࢀࡿࢆㄪࡿ ࡓࡵ㸪Ṍ⾜ࡢጼໃࢆᶍᨃࡋࡓ≧ែ࡛㉸㡢Ἴィ ⨨㸦Samsung Medison㸸sonoace R3㸧࡛ ᶆⅬ㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬࡢ⨨ࢆ┤᥋ィ ࡋ㸪ẚ㍑ࡋࡓ㸬࡞࠾㸪㊊ᙧ≧ࡢ᥎ᐃࡣ㸪ᶆⅬ⨨ 㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬࡢ⨨ࡀࡎࢀࡓሙྜ࡛ࡶ㸪㊊⾲㠃ఙ⦰ࡼࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵ㸪ᙳ㡪ࡣ࡞࠸㸬 50 ➨ 3 ❶ ィ ᡭἲࡢጇᙜᛶࡢ᳨ド 㸰.㸰 ᪉㔪 (1) ィ Ⅼࡢ㑅ᐃ ⓶ࡢఙ⦰ࡣ㸪㛵⠇㐠ືకࡗ࡚Ⓨ⏕ࡍࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪㊊ࡢ୰࡛ࡶ㛵⠇㐠ືࡀࡁ࠸ ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㊊ᣦࡢᒅఙ㸪㊊㤳ࡢᗏ⫼ᒅࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅࡿ㒊ࢆィ ࡍࡿࡇࡋࡓ㸬ィ Ⅼ ࢆᅗ 3-1 ♧ࡍ㸬㊊ᣦࡢᒅఙࡢ௦⾲Ⅼࡋ࡚㸪5 ᣦࡢ୰࡛᭱ࡶ㛵⠇ྍືᇦࡀࡁ࠸ẕᣦ㛵⠇ 62) 㞄᥋ࡍࡿ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼࢆ㑅ᐃࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪㊊㤳ࡢᗏ⫼ᒅక࠺ఙ⦰ࡢ௦⾲Ⅼࡋ࡚㸪 ᴂ≧㦵Ⅼࢆ㑅ᐃࡋࡓ㸬ᴂ≧㦵Ⅼࡣ㸪㊊㤳ࡢᗏ⫼ᒅకࡗ࡚㊊ࡢ⏥ୖࡢ⓶ࡀఙ㛗ࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪 ㊊㤳㞄᥋ࡍࡿࡢⅬẚ࡚ኚ㔞ࡀࡁ࠸⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬 (2) ィ ᪉ἲ ⓶ୖᶆⅬ㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬࡢ⨨ࡢࡎࢀࡣ㸪ᶆⅬ⨨㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬ⨨ࢆྠ㉸㡢Ἴィ ⨨࡛ᙳࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬Arampatzis ࡽࡼࡾ㸪㉸㡢Ἴィ ⨨࡛⓶ୖ㈞ࡗࡓ⣬〇 ࡢ࣐࣮࢝ࢆᙳࡍࡿⷧ࠸ᙳ࡞ࡿࡇࡀ♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ 63) 㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡶ⓶ୖ ⣬〇ࡢ࣐࣮࢝ࢆ㈞ࡾࡅ㸪㉸㡢Ἴィ ⨨࡛ྠᙳࡍࡿࡇࡋࡓ㸬 㸰.㸱 ᪉ἲ (1) ᐇ㦂᪉ἲ ᐇ㦂ࡢὶࢀࢆᅗ 3-2 ♧ࡍ㸬ᐇ㦂㛤ጞ๓㸪㊊ࡢởࢀࢆỈ࡛㍍ࡃⴠࡋࡓᚋ㸪⿕㦂⪅୧ ㊊࡛⮬↛❧ࢆྲྀࡽࡏ㸪ࡑࡢ≧ែ࡛ᅗ 3-1 ࡢ㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬ 2 Ⅼ┤ᚄ 6 mm ࡢ⣬〇ࢩ࣮ࣝࢆᙇ ࡾࡅࡓ㸬ࡑࡢᚋ㸪ỈࢆᙇࡗࡓỈᵴෆྑ㊊ࢆධࢀࡓ≧ែ࡛㸪๓᪉ࢆぢࡓࡲࡲ❧ࢆྲྀࡽ ࡏࡓ㸬❧ࡣ㸪ᖹ㠃࡛ࡢ⮬↛❧㸪Ṍ⾜ࢆᶍᨃࡋࡓᅗ 3-3 ♧ࡍഴᩳᯈ㸦45r㸧ࡢୖ㋖ ࢆࡏࡓጼໃࡋࡓ㸬ᶆⅬ㦵⏬ീࡣ㸪㉸㡢Ἴ⏬ീデ᩿⨨㸦Samsung Medison㸸sonoace R3㸪 ࣜࢽࣞࣉ࣮ࣟࣈ㸪ᅗ 3-6㸧࡛㸪ྛጼໃࡘࡁᅗ 3-5 ࡢ㦵㍈᪉ྥࢆࡑࢀࡒࢀ 3 ᅇᙳࡋ ࡓ㸬ィ ࡣ㸪ᅗ 3-4 ࡢࡼ࠺㉸㡢Ἴィࡢᙳゅᗘࡀ㦵᱁⓶⾲㠃ᖹ⾜࡞ࡿ ࡼ࠺ࡋ࡚㸪ᙳࡋࡓ㸬⏬ീෆࡢ㦵ࡣ㉸㡢Ἴ⏬ീデ᩿᭩ 64) ࢆཧ⪃ุ᩿ࡋࡓ㸬࡞࠾㸪㉸㡢 Ἴ⏬ീデ᩿⨨ࡣ㸪➽㦵᱁࣮ࣔࢻ࡛㸪↔Ⅼ㊥㞳ࡣ 40 mm ࡛⏝ࡋࡓ㸬 51 ➨ 3 ❶ ィ ᡭἲࡢጇᙜᛶࡢ᳨ド ㊊ࡢởࢀࢆⴠࡍ 3ศ ᶆⅬ㈞ 2ศ ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ ᴂ≧㦵Ⅼ ᅗ 3-1 ᶆⅬ⨨ ィ ⟠ᡤ ᅗ3-3 ᖹᯈୖ❧࡛ࡢᙳ 5ศ ࣭๓㢠㠃᪉ྥ3ᅇ ࣭▮≧㠃᪉ྥ3ᅇ 45rഴᩳ㠃࡛ࡢᙳ 5ศ ࣭๓㢠㠃᪉ྥ3ᅇ ࣭▮≧㠃᪉ྥ3ᅇ 45㼻 ⤊ 㸦15ศ㸧 ᅗ3-1 ᐇ㦂ࡢὶࢀ ᅗ 3-2 ィ ࡢὶࢀ ᅗ 3-3 ഴᩳྎ ᅗ3-3 ㉸㡢Ἴィࣉ࣮ࣟࣈ ᶆⅬ ỈࢆᙇࡗࡓỈᵴ ഴᩳྎ ᅗ 3-4 ィ 㢼ᬒ 52 ➨ 3 ❶ ィ ᡭἲࡢጇᙜᛶࡢ᳨ド (2) ゎᯒ᪉ἲ ᅗ 3-7 ᙳࡋࡓ⏬ീࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ᙳ⏬ീࢆࢹࢪࢱࢬࡋ㸪௨ୗࡢᐃ⩏Ⅼࢆồࡵࡓ㸬 <ᶆⅬ୰ᚰ⨨> ᅗ 3-7 ୰♧ࡍࡼ࠺㸪ᶆⅬ⨨ࡣᙳࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡓࡵ㸪ࡇࡢᙳࡢ୰ᚰࢆᶆⅬ୰ᚰⅬࡋࡓ㸬 ୰ᚰ⨨ࡣᶆⅬᙳࡢ୧➃⨨ࡢ୰Ⅼࡋࡓ㸬 <㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬ⨨> ᅗ 3-7 ࡢࡼ࠺㸪㦵㢌㒊ࡢ᭱ฝⅬࡋࡓ㸬 ࡇࢀࡽࡢ 2 Ⅼࡼࡾ㸪ᶆⅬ୰ᚰ⨨ࡽ㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬ⨨㛫ࡢ⓶⾲㠃ୖᖹ⾜࡞┤⥺ୖࡢ ㊥㞳ࢆồࡵࡓ㸬ࡉࡽ㸪ྛഴᩳྎୖ❧ࡢᶆⅬ㛫㊥㞳ࡽ㟼Ṇ❧ࡢᶆⅬ㛫㊥㞳ࢆᘬ ࠸ࡓ್ࢆồࡵ㸪ࡇࢀࢆጼໃኚక࠺ᶆⅬࡢ⨨ࡎࢀᐃ⩏ࡋࡓ㸬ྛጼໃࡘࡁ 3 ᅇศࡢ ᖹᆒ್ࢆồࡵࡓ㸬 ࡞࠾㸪⿕㦂⪅ࡣ⾲ 3-1 ♧ࡍᡂேዪᛶ 2 ྡ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ィ ᑐ㇟ࡣ㸪࡚ྑ㊊ࡋࡓ㸬࡞࠾㸪 ⾲ 3-1 ࡢ㊊ᑍἲࡣ㸪1 ❶⾲ 1-1 ࡢᐃ⩏ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㸬 53 ➨ 3 ❶ ィ ᡭἲࡢጇᙜᛶࡢ᳨ド 40 mm 10 mm 㸸ࣉ࣮ࣟࣈ a. ᮏయ ᅗ3-4 ᅗ 3-5 ィ ᪉ྥ ィ ᪉ྥ b. ࣉ࣮ࣟࣈ ᅗ ᅗ3-4 3-6 ⏝ࡋࡓィ ჾ ⏝ࡋࡓィ ჾ ᶆⅬ୰ᚰ ≉ᚩⅬࡢ᭱ฝⅬ ᶆⅬ≉ᚩⅬ㛫㊥㞳 ᶆⅬࡢᙳ ᅗ 3-7 ᶆⅬ≉ᚩⅬ㛫㊥㞳ࡢᐃ⩏ ᅗ3-4 ᐃ⩏ ⾲ 3-1 ⿕㦂⪅ ⾲3-ۑ ⿕㦂⪅㊊ᑍἲ ⿕㦂⪅ ㊊ᑍἲࠉ[mm] ㊊㛗 ㊊ᅖ ㊊ᖜ ㋖ᖜ A 225 236 91 57 B 236 224 94 66 C 243 235 97 61 54 ➨ 3 ❶ ィ ᡭἲࡢጇᙜᛶࡢ᳨ド 㸰.㸲 ⤖ᯝ (1)➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ ᅗ 3-8a ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌㏆ࡢ㛗㍈᪉ྥࡢ⏬ീࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ᅗ୰ࡢ⦪ࡢᙳࡀᶆⅬ⨨ࢆ⾲ࡋ ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᶆⅬ୰ኸ⨨㦵ࡢ᭱ฝⅬ⨨㛫ࡢ㊥㞳ࢆồࡵࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌࡛ࡣ㊊ྎ❧ ᶆⅬࡀ⾲ 3-2 ♧ࡍࡼ࠺⿕㦂⪅ A ࡛ 0.7 mm㸪⿕㦂⪅ B ࡛ 1.5 mm ∎ඛഃ⛣ືࡋ ࡓ㸬 (2)ᴂ≧㦵Ⅼ ᅗ 3-8b ᴂ≧㦵㏆ࡢ㛗㍈᪉ྥࡢ⏬ീࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ᴂ≧㦵࡛ࡣ⿕㦂⪅ A ࡛ 3.9 mm㸪⿕㦂⪅ B ࡛ 6.0 mm ㋖ഃ㦵㍈ᖹ⾜⛣ືࡋࡓ㸬 㸰㸳 ⪃ᐹ ௨ୖࡼࡾ㸪➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼࡣ㦵㍈᪉ྥ 1.5 mm㸪ᴂ≧㦵Ⅼࡣ 6.0 mm ኚࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀ ࢃࡗࡓ㸬2 ❶ 2.3 ࡛ᐃ⩏ࡋࡓ㛵⠇ゅᗘࡣ 3 ḟඖゅᗘ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡓࡵ㸪ᅗ 3-9 ࡢࡼ࠺࡞▮≧㠃 ୖゅᗘࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪ࡇࡢࡎࢀࡀ 2 ❶ 2.3 ࡛ᐃ⩏ࡋࡓ㛵⠇ゅᗘ࠼ࡿᙳ㡪ࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓ㸬 ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼᴂ≧㦵Ⅼࢆ⤖ࢇࡔ┤⥺Ỉᖹ㠃ࡀ࡞ࡍゅᗘɅ 8.4 mm 7.7 mm 10.3 mm 6.7 mm 45r㊊ྎ ᖹᆅ 㸪➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼᴂ≧ 45r㊊ྎ ᖹᆅ a. ➨୍୰㊊㦵 b. ᴂ≧㦵 ᅗ 3-8 ㉸㡢Ἴ⏬ീ ⾲ 3-2 ᶆⅬ⛣ື㔞 [mm] ⿕㦂⪅ ᴂ≧㦵Ⅼ ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ A 3.9 0.7 B 6.0 1.5 55 ➨ 3 ❶ ィ ᡭἲࡢጇᙜᛶࡢ᳨ド ᴂ≧㦵Ⅼ ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ θ H ᅗ 3-92ḟඖ㊊ࣔࢹࣝ ᐃ⩏ ᅗ3-4 㦵Ⅼ㛫ࡢ▮≧㠃ୖࡢ㊥㞳ࢆ L㸪➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼࢆᇶ‽ࡋࡓࡁࡢᴂ≧㦵Ⅼࡢ㧗ࡉࢆ ࡋ ࡓࡁ㸪➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼࡀ๓᪉ ο୫ ࡔࡅ⛣ືࡋࡓሙྜ㸪㛵⠇ゅᗘࡣḟᘧࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡿ㸬 ሺɅ οɅ୫ ሻ ൌ Τሺ ο୫ ሻ (3-1) ࡇࢀ⾲ 2-4 ࡢዪᛶࡢᖹᆒ㊊㛗㏆࠸⿕㦂⪅ࡢᗙᶆ⨨ࡼࡾồࡵࡓ L= 70 mm H = 30mm ࢆ㸪ο୫ ⾲ 2-3 ࡢ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ࡛ࡢᶆⅬ≉ᚩⅬ㛫ࡢࡎࢀࢆ௦ධࡋࡓࡁ㸪ᶆⅬࡎࢀ ࡼࡗ࡚Ⓨ⏕ࡍࡿゅᗘ೫ᕪοɅ୫ ࡣ 0.4r㠀ᖖᑠࡉࡃ㸪ࡇࡢࡎࢀࡀ㛵⠇ゅᗘ࠼ࡿᙳ㡪ࡣ ᑠࡉ࠸⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ྠᵝᴂ≧㦵Ⅼࡢሙྜࡣ㸪οɅୡ ࡣ 1.8rᑠࡉ࠸㸬 ௨ୖࡼࡾ㸪Ṍ⾜୰ࡢ⓶ୖࡢᶆⅬ㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬ㛫ࡢࡎࢀࡀ㛵⠇㐠ື࠼ࡿᙳ㡪ࡣᑠࡉ ࠸ࡇࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓ㸬 56 ➨ 3 ❶ ィ ᡭἲࡢጇᙜᛶࡢ᳨ド 㸱㸬ᶆⅬࣅࢽ࣮ࣝ㉺ࡋ࡛ࡢᶆⅬ⨨ィ ࡢ᳨ド 㸱.㸯 ┠ⓗ ᶆⅬࢆయ⾲㠃ୖ㈞ࡗࡓሙྜ㸪᭤㠃ኚᙧࡍࡿࡇࡸ㸪ࡋࢃࡀᐤࡿࡇࡶ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡓ ࡵ㸪࣓࢝ࣛࡢᶆⅬ⏬ീࡢ㔜ᚰ⨨ࡶ┿ࡢ୰ᚰࡽࡎࢀࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ࣅࢽ࣮ࣝ㉺ ࡋගᏛᘧືసィ ⨨ࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡓࡵ㸪ࣅࢽ࣮ࣝࡼࡿᑕࡸᒅᢡࡀ⏕ࡌ㸪ㄗᕪࡀࡁࡃ ࡞ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪ගᏛᘧືసィ ⨨㸦Vicon MX㸧࡛㸪ᶆⅬ࡛ࡢィ ࣅ ࢽ࣮ࣝ㉺ࡋ࡛ࡢィ ࡀྍ⬟ࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓ㸬 㸱.㸰 ᪉ἲ ᅗ 3-10a ࡢ㠐ᆺ┤ᚄ 5mm㸪ཌࡉ 0.2 mm ࡢᶆⅬ࠾ࡼࡧȭ4 mm ⌫ᑕᶆⅬࢆ㈞ࡾ㸪ᶆ Ⅼ㛫㊥㞳ࢆගᏛᘧືసィ ⨨㸦Vicon MX㸪࣓࢝ࣛ 8 ྎ㸧࡛ィ ࡋࡓ㸬࣓࢝ࣛ⨨ࡣ 2 ❶ ➨୰㊊㦵㢌┦ᙜⅬ ᚋ㊊㒊 ๓㊊㒊 ᶆⅬ㛫㊥㞳 ᶆⅬ㛫㊥㞳 ∎ඛⅬ ᚋ㊊㒊 እഃⅬ ㏱᫂㒊ศ ∎ඛⅬ ㋖Ⅼ ᚋ㊊㒊ෆഃⅬ ࢧࣥࢲࣝ ⿕そ㒊 ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌┦ᙜⅬ ᖜ40 mm a. ᶆⅬ⨨ ㋖Ⅼ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㧗50 mm ࢧࢬ23 cm b. 㠐ᆺゅᗘࢧࣥࢲࣝ ᅗ 3-10 ⢭ᗘホ౯Ⅼ Წࢆᣢࡕ㸪 ∎ඛ㏆ࢆ୰ᚰ ୖ᪉ྥ⛣ື ᅗᅗ3-1 3-11 Ṍ⾜ࡢᶍᨃ Ṍ⾜ᶍᨃ 㠐ᆺ ゅᗘ 57 ➨ 3 ❶ ィ ᡭἲࡢጇᙜᛶࡢ᳨ド 6 ⠇ྠᵝ㸪㋖᥋ᆅࡽ∎ඛ㞳ᆅࡲ࡛ࡀィ ࡛ࡁࡿ 300300300mm ⛬ᗘࡢ⠊ᅖࢆィ ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺㓄⨨ࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ࢆᶍᨃࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ᅗ 3-11 ࡢࡼ࠺㠐ᆺࡢ㋖㒊 㔠ᒓᲬࢆྲྀࡾࡅ㸪࣓࢝ࣛᫎࡽ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺Წࢆᣢࡕ㸪ୖ᪉ྥືࡍࡇ࡛㸪Ṍ⾜ ࡢࡼ࠺㠐ᆺゅᗘࢆኚ࠼࡚ィ ࡋࡓ㸬ヨ⾜ᅇᩘࡣ 5 ᅇ㸪ࢧࣥࣉࣜࣥࢢ࿘Ἴᩘࡣ 100 Hz ࡛࠶ ࡿ㸬 ᶆⅬィ ࡣ㸪㠐ᆺࡢࡳࡢሙྜ㠐ᆺᅗ 3-10b ࡢࡼ࠺㏱᫂ࡢࣅࢽ࣮ࣝ㸦ཌࡉ 0.8 mm㸧〇ࡢࢧࣥࢲࣝࢆᒚࡏࡓሙྜࡢ 2 ᮲௳ࢆィ ࡋࡓ㸬࡞࠾㸪㠐ᆺࢧࣥࢲࣝࢆᒚࡏࡿ ࡓࡵ㸪⌫ᶆⅬ࡛ࡢィ ࡣྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡾ㸪⾜ࢃ࡞ࡗࡓ㸬 ᶆⅬ㛫㊥㞳ࡣ㸪ᅗ 3-10a ࡢࡼ࠺๓᪉ᶆⅬ㊥㞳ࡣ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌┦ᙜⅬ➨୰㊊㦵㢌┦ᙜ Ⅼࡢ┤⥺㊥㞳㸪ᚋ᪉ᶆⅬ㊥㞳ࡣᚋ㊊㒊ෆഃⅬᚋ㊊㒊እഃⅬࡢ┤⥺㊥㞳࡛ᐃ⩏ࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪 㠐ᆺゅᗘࡣ㸪ᅗ 3-10b ࡢࡼ࠺㸪➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌┦ᙜⅬ➨୰㊊㦵㢌┦ᙜⅬࡀ࡞ࡍ┤⥺ࡢ㟼 Ṇࡽࡢኚ㔞࡛ᐃ⩏ࡋࡓ㸬 ࡉࡽ㸪ࣀࢠࢫ࡛๓᪉ᶆⅬ㛫㊥㞳࠾ࡼࡧᚋ᪉ᶆⅬ㛫㊥㞳ࢆ 10 ᅇ ᐃࡋ㸪ࡑࡢᖹᆒ್ࢆᐇ ್ࡋࡓ㸬 㸱.㸱 ⤖ᯝ ࣀࢠࢫ࡛ࡢィ ⤖ᯝࡣ㸪๓᪉㒊ᶆⅬ㛫㊥㞳ࡀ 75.8s0.1 mm㸪ᚋ᪉㒊ᶆⅬ㛫㊥㞳ࡀ 48.5s 0.11 mm ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪㠐ᆺゅᗘࢆᶓ㍈ࡋࡓࡁࡢᶆⅬ㛫㊥㞳ィ ⤖ᯝࢆᅗ 3-12 ♧ ࡍ㸬ᶆⅬࡢሙྜ㸪ᶆⅬ㛫㊥㞳ࡣ㸪ࣀࢠࢫᐇ ್ࡰྠࡌ࡛㸪๓᪉㒊ᶆⅬ㛫㊥㞳ࡀᖹᆒ 75.5s0.2 mm㸪ᚋ᪉㒊ᶆⅬ㛫㊥㞳ࡀᖹᆒ 48.4s0.2 mm ࡛㸪ィ ್ࡣ㠐ᆺゅᗘࡼࡽࡎ୍ᐃ ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ࣅࢽ࣮ࣝ㉺ࡋᶆⅬࢆィ ࡋࡓሙྜ࡛ࡶ㸪ゅᗘࡼࡽࡎ㸪ࡰ୍ᐃ࡛ ࠶ࡿࡇࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓ㸬⌫ᶆⅬࡢሙྜ㸪ᶆⅬ㛫㊥㞳ࡣ㸪⌫ࡢ୰ᚰ㛫㊥㞳࡞ࡿࡓࡵ㸪ᶆ Ⅼࡼࡾࡶ⣙ 4 mm ⛬ᗘࡁࡃ࡞ࡾ㸪๓᪉㒊ᶆⅬ㛫㊥㞳ࡀᖹᆒ 79.0s0.2 mm㸪ᚋ㊊㒊ᶆⅬ㛫㊥ 㞳ࡀᖹᆒ 52.9s0.2 mm ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬ᕷ㈍㠐ࡢ㊊ᅖ࣭㊊ᖜࡢࢧࢬࡣ 6 mm ࣆࢵࢳ 25㸧࡛ኚࢃࡿ ࡓࡵ㸪4 mm ࡢᕪࡣࡁ࠸㸬 ௨ୖࡼࡾ㸪ᶆⅬ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶṌ⾜୰ࡢィ ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡲࡓ㸪ࣅࢽ࣮ࣝ㉺ࡋ࠾࠸࡚ ࡶィ ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࡇࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᶆⅬࡣ⌫ᶆⅬẚ࡚ཌࡳࡀ࡞࠸ࡓࡵ㸪ࡼ ࡾᐇ ್㏆࠸್ࢆᚓࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡇࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸬 58 80 ᶆⅬ㛫㊥㞳 [mm] ᶆⅬ㛫㊥㞳 [mm] ➨ 3 ❶ ィ ᡭἲࡢጇᙜᛶࡢ᳨ド 78 76 74 72 0 20 40 51 49 47 20 40 60 ㊊ゅᗘ [deg] b. ᚋ㊊㒊ᶆⅬ㛫㊥㞳 a. ๓㊊㒊ᶆⅬ㛫㊥㞳 㸸ᶆⅬ 53 0 60 ㊊ゅᗘ [deg] 㸸ࣀࢠࢫᐇ ್ 55 㸸ࢧࣥࢲࣝ╔⏝ᶆⅬ ᅗ3-1 ᅗ 3-12 ィ ⤖ᯝ ィ ⤖ᯝ 㸸࣮࣎ࣝᶆⅬ 59 ➨ 3 ❶ ィ ᡭἲࡢጇᙜᛶࡢ᳨ド 㸲㸬ኚᙧ⢭ᗘࡢ᳨ド 㸲.㸯 ┠ⓗ Ṍ⾜୰ࡢ㊊ኚᙧࡢ᥎ᐃ⢭ᗘࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪㟼Ṇࡋࡓ≧ែ࡛㋖ࢆᣲୖࡋ㸪3 ḟඖࢹࢪࢱ ࢨࡼࡿィ ᙧ≧ᮏᡭἲࡼࡿ᥎ᐃᙧ≧ࢆẚ㍑ࡋࡓ㸬ᅗ 3-13 ᐇ㦂ᴫせࢆ♧ࡍ 㸲.㸰 ᪉ἲ (1) ⿕㦂⪅ ⿕㦂⪅ࡣ⾲ 3-3 ࡢᡂேዪᛶ 5 ྡ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ⾲ 3-3 ⿕㦂⪅㊊ᑍἲ ㏻ᖖ❧ ィ ㊊ᙧ≧ ࢸࣥࣉ࣮ࣞࢺ ࣓ࢵࢩࣗ ㋖ᣲୖ❧ ᶆⅬᗙᶆ(20Ⅼ) ㊊ᑍἲ ⿕㦂⪅ ᇶ‽࣓ࢵࢩࣗ ᥎ᐃ㊊࣓ࢵࢩࣗ ẚ㍑ A B C D E ㊊㛗 ㊊ᅖ ㊊ᖜ ㋖ᖜ 218 226 228 236 238 224 212 236 224 235 94 88 91 94 97 ๓ࢆྥ࠸ࡓࡲࡲ 㟼Ṇ ᣦࡢࡅ᰿ࡀᩳ㠃 ࡢ➃ࡀ᮶ࡿࡼ࠺ ㊊ࢆ⨨ࡃ ㋖ᣲୖ❧ ィ ㊊ᙧ≧ ㊊ྎ㸸ഴᩳ㠃50r ᅗ3-1 ᅗ 3-13 ᐇ㦂ᴫせ ᐇ㦂ᴫせ 56 56 57 66 61 ᅗ3-1 ィ 㢼ᬒ ィ 㢼ᬒ ᅗ 3-14 60 ➨ 3 ❶ ィ ᡭἲࡢጇᙜᛶࡢ᳨ド (2) ᐇ㦂᪉ἲ ⿕㦂⪅ࡢྑ㊊ୖ 2 ❶ 4 ⠇ࡢ㏻ࡾᶆⅬࢆᙇࡾࡅỈᖹ࡞㠃ୖ㸦㏻ᖖ❧㸧࡛ィ ࡋ ࡓ㸬ḟ㸪Ṍ⾜ࢆᶍᨃࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ᕥ㊊ࢆ๓᪉ࡘࡁ㸪ᅗ 3-14 ࡢ㊊ྎࡢୖྑ㊊ࢆࡢࡏࡓ ≧ែ࡛యࡀᏳᐃࡍࡿࡼ࠺๓᪉タ⨨ࡋࡓ࣏࣮ࣝࢆᣢࡓࡏ㸪㟼Ṇࡉࡏࡓ㸦㋖ᣲୖ❧㸧㸬ࡇ ࡢࡁ㸪ᣦࡢࡅ᰿ࡀഴᩳ㠃ࡢ➃ྜ࠺ࡼ࠺㊊ࢆ⨨ࡏࡓ㸬ࡇࡢ≧ែ࡛ 2 ❶ 5 ⠇ྠᵝ ㊊ᙧ≧ࢆ㠀᥋ゐᘧ 3 ḟඖࢹࢪࢱࢨ㸦Vivid910㸧࡛ 4 ᪉ྥࡽィ ࡋࡓ㸬 (3) ゎᯒ᪉ἲ ┤᥋ィ ࡋࡓ㏻ᖖ❧࣓ࢵࢩࣗ㋖ᣲୖ❧࣓ࢵࢩࣗࡣ㸪ᒓࢯࣇࢺ㸦Polygon㸧ୖ ࡛ 4 ᪉ྥࡽࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ 1 ᙧ≧⤫ྜࡋ㸪࣓ࢵࢩࣗᐦᗘࢆᆒ୍ࡋࡓ㸬ࡑࡢᚋ㸪㏻ᖖ❧ ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱⅬ⩌ࡽ 2 ❶ 5 ⠇ྠᵝ⿕㦂⪅ᅛ᭷ࡢึᮇ࣓ࢵࢩࣗࢆồࡵࡓ㸬ḟ㸪㋖ᣲୖ ❧ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱⅬ⩌ࡽ 20 ⅬࡢᶆⅬᗙᶆࢆᢤࡁฟࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࡢᶆⅬᗙᶆࢆ┠ᶆ⨨ࡋ࡚ึ ᮇ࣓ࢵࢩࣗࢆᥦᡭἲ࡛ኚᙧࡉࡏ㸪㋖ᣲୖࡢ㊊᥎ᐃᙧ≧ࢆྲྀᚓࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࡢ᥎ᐃ࣓ࢵࢩࣗ ᙧ≧┤᥋ࢹࢪࢱࢨ࡛ィ ࡋࡓ㋖ᣲୖ❧ࡢ࣓ࢵࢩࣗᙧ≧ࢆẚ㍑ࡋࡓ㸬 2 ࡘࡢᙧ≧㛫ࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪᩿㠃ᙧ≧㊊⾲㠃ୖࡢᶆⅬ㛫㊥㞳ࢆࡑࢀࡒࢀ࡛ồࡵࡓ㸬 㸺᩿㠃ᙧ≧㸼 ᅗ 3-15 ♧ࡍࡼ࠺㸪㋖ⅬࢆཎⅬࡋ㸪➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ➨୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼࡢ୰Ⅼࢆ⤖ࡪ ┤⥺ࢆ x ㍈㸦ᅇෆእ㸧㸪x ㍈➨୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼࡽ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼࡢ┤⥺ࡢእ✚ࢆ z ㍈㸦ෆ እ㌿㸧 㸪z ㍈ x ㍈ࡢእ✚ࢆ y ㍈㸦ᒅఙ㸧ᐃ⩏ࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࡢᗙᶆୖ࡛㸪㊊ᅖ┦ᙜࡍࡿ➨୍ ୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ㸪ࣥࢫࢸࢵࣉᅖ┦ᙜࡍࡿᴂ≧㦵Ⅼ࠾ࡼࡧྑ㊥㦵Ⅼࡢ x ㍈ୖࡢྛ⨨࡛ࡢ yz ᩿㠃ᙧ≧ࢆồࡵࡓ㸬ྛⅬࡢ x ᗙᶆs1mm ௨ෆ࠶ࡿ࣓ࢵࢩࣗୖࡢⅬ⩌ࢆ᩿㠃ᙧ≧ࡋ࡚ྲྀ ᚓࡋࡓ㸬 61 ➨ 3 ❶ ィ ᡭἲࡢጇᙜᛶࡢ᳨ド ➨୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ ᴂ≧㦵Ⅼ z ㋖Ⅼ x x y ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ ㊥㦵Ⅼ ᅗᅗ3-1 3-15 ᗙᶆ⣔ᐃ⩏ ⭢ڤȧ䙊Ƞ ᴰ⸝㍼䐟 ⤊Ⅼ ጞⅬ ㊊⾲㠃᭱▷㊥㞳 ᅗᅗ3-1 3-16 ㊊⾲㠃ୖ᭱▷㊥㞳 ᅗᅗ3-1 3-17 ᭱▷㊥㞳࣓࣮ࢪ ᭱▷㊥㞳࣓࣮ࢪ 㸺⾲㠃ୖᶆⅬ㛫㊥㞳㸼 ᅗ 3-16 ࡢࡼ࠺㸪➨୍ᣦඛ➃Ⅼ㸪➨ᣦඛ➃Ⅼ㸪➨ᣦඛ➃Ⅼ㸪㋖Ⅼ㸪ෆᯝⅬ㸪እᯝⅬ ࢆ㝖࠸ࡓィ 15 ⅬࡢྛᶆⅬ㛫ࡢ㊊⾲㠃ୖࡢ᭱▷㊥㞳ࢆồࡵࡓ㸬⾲㠃ୖࡢ㊥㞳ࡣ㸪ᅗ 3-17 ࡢࡼ ࠺㸪࣓ࢵࢩࣗୖࡢྛ୕ゅᙧࢆᶓษࡾ㸪࣓ࢵࢩࣗ⾲㠃ୖࡢ᭱▷⤒㊰ࢆồࡵࡿࡼ࠺㸪㊊ࡢ ⏥ഃࢆ㏻ࡿ ᆅ⥺ࡢ㛗ࡉࢆồࡵࡓ㸬࡞࠾㸪 ᆅ⥺ࡢィ⟬ࡣ㸪 Peyré ࡽࡀ⪃ࡋࡓ㸪Fast Marching algorithm65)ࣄ࣮ࣗࣜࢫࢸࢵࢡ㛵ᩘࢆ⏝࠸࡚㧗㏿ࡋࡓᡭἲࢆ⏝ࡋࡓ 66㸪67㸬 62 ➨ 3 ❶ ィ ᡭἲࡢጇᙜᛶࡢ᳨ド 㸲.㸱 ⤖ᯝ ᅗ 3-18 3-19 ィ ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬 (1)᩿㠃ᙧ≧ ⿕㦂⪅ࡢィ ⤖ᯝࢆᅗ 3-18 3-19 ♧ࡍ㸬ࡇࢀࡼࡾ㸪᥎ᐃᙧ≧ࡢ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼࡢ᩿ 㠃ᙧ≧ࡣ㸪⿕㦂⪅ a㸪b㸪c ࡣ㸪⏥㒊ࡢ⭝࡞ࡢᒁᡤⓗ࡞พฝࢆ㝖࠸࡚ࡣィ ᙧ≧ࡰ୍⮴ ࡋ㸪1 mm ⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬ࡋࡋ㸪⿕㦂⪅ e ࡣ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼࡢ᩿㠃ᙧ≧ࡣィ ᙧ≧ 10 mm ⛬ᗘ␗࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡣ㸪ᅗ 3-19e ࡢࡼ࠺㸪➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼࡢ⨨ࡀ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌ࡢୖ㒊 ᮶࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ᶆⅬ⨨ࡢ㈞ࡾࡅ⨨ࡢ㐪࠸ࡼࡿ㸬ᮏ᮶㸪➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼࡣ㸪➨୍୰㊊㦵 㢌ࡢ᭱✺ฟⅬ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪ࡢ 4 ྡࡢࡼ࠺ṇࡋ࠸⨨ᶆⅬࢆ㈞ࡾࡅࡿࡇ࡛㸪 ࡇࡢᙧ≧ᕪࡣゎᾘࡉࢀࡿ㸬 ᴂ≧㦵Ⅼ㏆ྑ㊥㦵Ⅼ㏆ࡢ᩿㠃ᙧ≧ࡣ㸪ィ ᙧ≧ᐃᛶⓗࡼࡃ୍⮴ࡋ㸪≉ᚩⅬࡀ ࡞࠸㊊㏆ࡃࢆ㝖࠸࡚᭱ㄗᕪࡣ㸪2 mm ⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬 ࡞࠾㸪⿕㦂⪅ e ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼࡢ㈞ࡾࡅ⨨ࡀࡎࢀࡓࡓࡵ㸪㊊᩿㠃㸦zx ᖹ㠃㸧ࢆ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ➨୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ⨨࡛ᐃ⩏ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪ࡢ 4 ྡẚ࡚㸪3 ࡘࡢ ᩿㠃ᙧ≧ࡀ㊊㍈ࢆ୰ᚰィᅇࡾഴ࠸ࡓᙧ≧࡞ࡗࡓ㸬 63 ➨ 3 ❶ ィ ᡭἲࡢጇᙜᛶࡢ᳨ド ͤ1┠┒㸸20 mm 㸸ィ ᙧ≧ 㸸᥎ᐃᙧ≧ ➨୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ ←ᑠᣦഃ ẕᣦഃ→ ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ᩿㠃 ←ᑠᣦഃ ẕᣦഃ→ ᴂ≧㦵Ⅼ᩿㠃 ←ᑠᣦഃ ẕᣦഃ→ ㊥㦵Ⅼ᩿㠃 a.⿕㦂⪅a ͤ1┠┒㸸20 mm 㸸ィ ᙧ≧ ➨୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ ←ᑠᣦഃ 㸸᥎ᐃᙧ≧ ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ ẕᣦഃ→ ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ᩿㠃 ←ᑠᣦഃ ẕᣦഃ→ ᴂ≧㦵Ⅼ᩿㠃 b.⿕㦂⪅b ᅗ 3-18 ᩿㠃ᙧ≧ ←ᑠᣦഃ ẕᣦഃ→ ㊥㦵Ⅼ᩿㠃 64 ➨ 3 ❶ ィ ᡭἲࡢጇᙜᛶࡢ᳨ド ͤ1┠┒㸸20 mm 㸸ィ ᙧ≧ ➨୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ 㸸᥎ᐃᙧ≧ ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ ←ᑠᣦഃ ẕᣦഃ→ ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ᩿㠃 ←ᑠᣦഃ ẕᣦഃ→ ᴂ≧㦵Ⅼ᩿㠃 ←ᑠᣦഃ ẕᣦഃ→ ㊥㦵Ⅼ᩿㠃 c.⿕㦂⪅c ͤ1┠┒㸸20 mm 㸸ィ ᙧ≧ ➨୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ 㸸᥎ᐃᙧ≧ ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ ←ᑠᣦഃ ẕᣦഃ→ ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ᩿㠃 ←ᑠᣦഃ ẕᣦഃ→ ᴂ≧㦵Ⅼ᩿㠃 ←ᑠᣦഃ ẕᣦഃ→ ㊥㦵Ⅼ᩿㠃 d.⿕㦂⪅d ͤ1┠┒㸸20 mm 㸸ィ ᙧ≧ ➨୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ ←ᑠᣦഃ 㸸᥎ᐃᙧ≧ ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ ẕᣦഃ→ ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ᩿㠃 ←ᑠᣦഃ ẕᣦഃ→ ᴂ≧㦵Ⅼ᩿㠃 e.⿕㦂⪅e ᅗ 3-19 ᩿㠃ᙧ≧ ←ᑠᣦഃ ẕᣦഃ→ ㊥㦵Ⅼ᩿㠃 65 ➨ 3 ❶ ィ ᡭἲࡢጇᙜᛶࡢ᳨ド (2) ྛᶆⅬ㛫ࡢ㊊⾲㠃ୖࡢ᭱▷㊥㞳 ⾲ 3-4 ⿕㦂⪅ࡢᶆⅬ㛫㊥㞳ࡢ⤯ᑐ್ᖹᆒࢆ㸪ᅗ 3-20 ᶆⅬ⨨⤖ᯝࡢᑐᛂࢆ ♧ࡍ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪⾲ 3-5 3-6 ⿕㦂⪅ࡢ᥎ᐃᙧ≧࡛ࡢྛᶆⅬ㛫㊥㞳ࡽィ ᙧ≧ࡢྛᶆⅬ㛫 ㊥㞳ࢆᘬ࠸ࡓ್ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬⦪㍈ᶓ㍈ࡀࢃࡿḍࡢ್ࡀ⦪㍈ᶓ㍈グࡉࢀࡓᶆⅬ㛫㊥㞳ࡢ ᕪ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࢆ♧ࡍ㸬+ࡣ᥎ᐃᙧ≧࡛ᶆⅬ㛫㊥㞳ࡀ㛗࠸ࡇࢆ♧ࡋ㸪-ࡣ᥎ᐃᙧ≧࡛ᶆⅬ㛫㊥ 㞳ࡀ▷࠸ࡇࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪2 ᮲௳㛫ࡢᕪࡀ 1mm ௨ୖ࠶ࡗࡓᶆⅬ㛫㊥㞳ࢆ⅊Ⰽ࡛ሬࡾࡘࡪ ࡋࡓ㸬᭱ࡶᕪࡢࡁࡗࡓ⿕㦂⪅࡛ࡶ㸪⾲㠃ୖ㊥㞳ࡢ⤯ᑐ್ᖹᆒࡣ 0.6 mm ࡛㸪⾲ 3-6 ࡼࡾ㸪 ᶆⅬ㛫࡛ᕪࡀࡁࡗࡓࡢࡣ㸪್᭱ࡣ㸪እ㋖Ⅼࡽෆ㋖Ⅼྥ࠺๓㊊㤳ࢆ㏻ࡿ㊥㞳࡛ 2.5 mm㸦1.4%㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡣ㸪㊊㤳ࡢఙᒎక࠺➽⫗ࡸ㠌ᖏࡢኚᙧࡼࡿ㸬ࡇࡢ㒊 ࡛ࡣ㸪㛵⠇㐠ືࡼࡾࡶ➽⫗ࡸ㠌ᖏ࡞ࡢ㌾㒊⤌⧊ࡢኚࡼࡿ㊊ኚᙧࡀࡁࡃ㸪ᮏᡭἲࡢ ࡼ࠺㸪㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬୖࡢࡳᶆⅬࢆ㓄⨨ࡋࡓࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ㸪ኚᙧࢆ⌧ࡍࡿࡇࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸㸬፬ ே㠐ࡢከࡃ࡛ࡣ㸪ࡇࡢ㒊ศࡣ㛤ᨺࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵ㸪㠐タィࡢᙳ㡪ࡣᑠࡉ࠸⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ ࡀ㸪ࡇࡢ㒊ࡢィ ⢭ᗘࢆྥୖࡉࡏࡿࡓࡵࡣ㸪㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬୖ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡀ㸪㊊㤳๓᪉ࡢ⓶ ୖᶆⅬࢆ㏣ຍࡍࡿࡇࡀ᭷ຠ࡛࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬 㸲.㸲 ࡲࡵ ᮏᡭἲࡼࡿㄗᕪࡣ㸪ᖜ᪉ྥ࡛᭱ 2 mm ⛬ᗘ㸪࿘㛗᪉ྥ࡛᭱ 2.5mm ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬 Kouchi ࡽ 67)ࡼࡾ㸪ྠ୍ィ ⪅ࡀྠ୍⿕㦂⪅ࡢ㊊ᑍἲࢆ 2 ᅇィ ࡋࡓሙྜ㸪 ㊊ᖜ࡛ࡣ 1mm ⛬ᗘ㸪ࣄ࣮ࣝᅖ࡛ࡣ 2 mm ⛬ᗘࡢᕪࡀ⏕ࡌࡿࡇࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪ᡭィ ࡛ࡣ㸪 ᖜ᪉ྥ࡛ 1mm ⛬ᗘ㸪࿘㛗᪉ྥ࡛ 2mm ⛬ᗘࡢᕪࡀ⏕ࡌࡿ࠸࠼ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪JIS つ᱁࡛ࡣ㸪㊊ 㛗࡛ 5 mm ้ࡳ㸪㊊ᅖ࡛ 6 mm ้ࡳࡢࢧࢬᒎ㛤ࡀ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ 25㸧㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ㄗᕪࡀࡁࡗ ࡓࡢࡣ㸪㊊㤳㏆㠐ࡢ㛤ᨺ㒊ᙜࡓࡿࡓࡵ㸪㠐タィ┤᥋࠼ࡿᙳ㡪ࡣᑠࡉ࠸⪃࠼ࡽ ࢀࡿ㸬 ௨ୖࡼࡾ㸪ᮏᡭἲࡼࡿィ ㄗᕪࡣ㸪ᡭィ ࡛⏕ࡌࡿࡤࡽࡘࡁẚ࡚ࢃࡎࡁ࠸ ࡀ㸪ㄗᕪࡀࡁ࠸⟠ᡤࡣ㠐タィࡢᙳ㡪ࡀᑠࡉ࠸㒊࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵ㸪㠐タィୖ༑ศ࡞⢭ᗘ࡛ ࠶ࡿ࠸࠼ࡿ㸬 66 ➨ 3 ❶ ィ ᡭἲࡢጇᙜᛶࡢ᳨ド ⾲ 3-4 ⿕㦂⪅ูᶆⅬ㛫㊥ ⾲3-1 ⿕㦂⪅ูᶆⅬ㛫㊥㞳 ⤯ᑐ್ᖹᆒ ⤯ᑐ್ᖹᆒ ⿕㦂⪅ A B C D E ᖹᆒ 0.50 0.57 0.49 0.81 0.38 ᕥ㊥㦵Ⅼ㛫 㛗ࡉ㸸131.7 mm ᕪ㸸-2.4 mm ➨୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ㛫 㛗ࡉ㸸140.9 mm ᕪ㸸-1.8 mm ᶆ‽೫ᕪ 0.50 0.50 0.45 0.71 0.32 ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ㛫 㛗ࡉ㸸110.8 mm ᕪ㸸-0.5 mm ᅗᅗ3-1 3-20 ィ ィ ⾲ 3-5 ⿕㦂⪅ูᶆⅬ㛫㊥㞳 a.⿕㦂⪅ A MH1 MH2 MH5 MB1 MB2 MB4 MB5 CUN NAV CUB T ALM T ALL CALM CALL MH1 MH2 1.2 MH5 1.2 0.4 MB1 0.1 0.7 MB2 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.7 MB4 0.3 0.1 0.5 0.2 MB5 0.1 0.0 0.3 -0.8 -0.2 -0.1 CUN 0.0 0.3 -0.3 -0.1 -0.3 -0.5 -0.8 NAV -0.1 0.4 -0.6 -0.4 -0.4 -0.8 -1.2 -0.3 CUB 0.1 -0.2 0.6 -1.1 0.0 -0.3 -0.3 -1.0 -0.7 T ALM -0.3 0.4 -0.2 -0.5 -0.3 -0.5 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0.3 T ALL 0.1 -0.2 0.6 -1.0 0.0 -0.3 -0.3 -0.8 -0.4 -0.1 1.1 CALM -0.5 0.2 -0.6 -0.4 -0.6 -0.8 -0.5 -0.5 -0.1 0.3 -0.1 1.0 CALL 0.0 -0.1 0.4 -1.2 -0.1 -0.2 0.4 -1.0 -0.5 -0.1 1.1 -0.2 CUB T ALM T ALL CALM CALL 0.6 -0.1 0.7 b. ⿕㦂⪅B MH1 MH2 MH5 MB1 MB2 MB4 MB5 CUN NAV -0.4 -0.1 -0.4 0.0 -0.6 -0.1 -0.6 -0.1 -0.6 0.3 -0.4 -0.9 -0.1 -0.7 -0.3 -0.9 0.0 -0.6 -1.0 0.2 -1.1 0.1 -1.1 0.1 -0.4 -0.9 -0.2 -0.9 -0.5 -1.0 -1.5 -0.4 -1.2 0.0 -1.3 MH1 MH2 MH5 MB1 MB2 MB4 MB5 CUN NAV CUB T ALM T ALL CALM CALL 0.9 0.8 -0.1 0.2 0.1 0.5 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.3 -0.2 -0.7 0.0 -0.1 1.4 0.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.1 0.9 -0.2 0.7 -0.3 0.8 -0.1 0.5 -0.3 -0.2 0.5 -0.7 -0.9 0.0 -0.9 0.2 -1.1 0.5 1.0 0.4 0.1 -0.1 -0.4 -0.8 -0.5 -1.3 -0.2 -1.4 -1.9 -0.4 -1.8 -0.2 -2.0 0.2 -1.9 -1.8 0.4 -1.4 67 ➨ 3 ❶ ィ ᡭἲࡢጇᙜᛶࡢ᳨ド ⾲ 3-6 ⿕㦂⪅ูᶆⅬ㛫㊥㞳 c. ⿕㦂⪅C MH1 MH2 MH5 MB1 MB2 MB4 MB5 CUN NAV CUB T ALM T ALL CALM CALL MH1 CALM -1.2 0.0 0.1 -0.4 -0.8 -0.6 -0.1 0.0 -0.5 -0.3 -0.5 0.2 CALL -0.6 MH2 MH5 MB1 MB2 MB4 MB5 CUN NAV CUB T ALM T ALL 1.2 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.7 0.2 0.7 0.6 0.2 -0.1 0.4 -0.5 -0.2 -0.7 -0.2 -1.0 0.0 -0.3 -0.2 0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.4 0.0 0.1 -0.4 -0.3 0.1 -0.4 -0.4 -0.7 -0.4 -0.6 0.3 -0.6 -1.8 -0.3 -1.7 -0.1 -2.1 -0.5 -1.5 0.1 -1.2 -0.1 -1.5 -0.8 -0.6 -1.0 -0.4 -1.1 -1.2 -0.4 -0.8 0.4 -1.3 -0.5 -1.6 -0.6 -0.2 -0.8 -0.1 -0.1 -0.4 0.0 -0.3 -0.5 -0.4 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.6 d. ⿕㦂⪅D MH1 MH2 MH5 MB1 MB2 MB4 MB5 CUN NAV CUB T ALM T ALL CALM CALL MH1 1.8 1.2 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.3 -0.5 -0.7 -0.3 0.1 0.1 -0.2 -0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.3 -0.8 -0.8 -0.2 -0.2 0.4 -0.2 -0.3 -1.1 0.2 -1.8 -0.1 0.0 -0.5 -0.6 0.2 -0.2 -0.7 -0.8 -1.2 -0.6 -0.5 -0.2 -0.6 -0.5 -1.3 -1.2 -0.1 -0.7 -1.9 -0.3 -2.3 -0.7 -0.5 -1.9 0.4 -1.9 0.4 -0.6 -0.6 -1.2 -1.2 -2.2 -0.8 -2.4 -2.3 -0.7 -2.5 0.4 CALL -0.6 0.7 -0.7 -1.7 -0.3 0.6 -0.8 -0.4 -1.2 -2.3 -0.6 -1.9 -0.2 -0.5 -0.9 0.9 -1.8 -2.3 -0.6 0.2 -2.0 CUB T ALM T ALL CALM CALL MH2 MH5 MB1 MB2 MB4 MB5 CUN NAV CUB T ALM T ALL CALM -2.5 -0.1 -1.8 e. ⿕㦂⪅E MH1 MH2 MH5 MB1 MB2 MB4 MB5 CUN NAV MH1 MH2 MH5 MB1 MB2 MB4 MB5 CUN NAV CUB T ALM T ALL CALM CALL 0.9 1.8 0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 0.1 -0.6 0.2 -0.5 1.2 0.2 -0.5 0.1 0.3 -0.4 0.0 -0.3 0.0 -0.4 0.7 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.3 -0.3 0.1 0.5 0.2 -0.5 0.3 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 0.4 -0.6 -0.8 -0.1 0.1 -0.6 0.0 -0.5 -0.3 -0.5 -0.7 -0.3 -0.5 -0.5 -0.8 -0.5 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.7 -0.3 0.1 -0.4 -0.2 0.7 0.4 -0.4 0.5 -0.2 -0.6 0.5 -0.1 0.3 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.7 -0.6 -0.1 -0.4 0.3 0.1 0.3 -0.3 0.7 0.5 0.8 -0.4 0.4 0.3 1.4 0.3 1.4 68 ➨ 3 ❶ ィ ᡭἲࡢጇᙜᛶࡢ᳨ド 㸳㸬ᮏ❶ࡢࡲࡵ ィ ᡭἲࡢᐇ⏝ᛶࡢ᳨ドࡢࡓࡵ㸪௨ୗࡢ 3 㡯┠ࡘ࠸࡚☜ㄆࡋࡓ㸬 (1)࣐࣮࢝ࡢ㦵᱁㏣ᚑᛶࡢ☜ㄆ ⓶ୖ㈞ࡗࡓᶆⅬࡀ㸪Ṍ⾜୰㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬࡽࡢ⛬ᗘࡎࢀࡿࢆㄪࡿࡓࡵ㸪Ṍ⾜ ࡢጼໃࢆᶍᨃࡋࡓ≧ែ࡛㉸㡢Ἴィ ⨨࡛ᶆⅬ㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬࡢ⨨ࢆ┤᥋ィ ࡋࡓ㸬⤖ ᯝ㸪Ṍ⾜୰ࡢ⓶ୖࡢᶆⅬ㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬ㛫ࡢࡎࢀࡀ㛵⠇㐠ື࠼ࡿᙳ㡪ࡣ᭱ 1.8rᑠ ࡉ࠸ࡇࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓ㸬 ᮏィ ᡭἲ࡛ࡣ㸪Ṍ⾜୰⓶ୖࡢᶆⅬ㦵᱁≉ᚩⅬ㛫ࡢ⨨ࡎࢀࡀ⏕ࡌࡿ㸬ࡇࡢㄗᕪ ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ᶆⅬ⨨ࢆᕤኵࡍࡿ࡞ࡋ࡚ࡶゎᾘࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸ࡓࡵ㸪㛵⠇㐠ືࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪᭱ 1.8r⛬ᗘࡢㄗᕪࡀ࠶ࡿࡇࢆㄆ㆑ࡋ࡚࠾ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬 (2)ᶆⅬ࠾ࡼࡧࣅࢽ࣮ࣝ㉺ࡋࡢ 3 ḟඖ⨨ィ ᶆⅬ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶṌ⾜୰ࡢィ ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡲࡓ㸪ཌࡉ 0.8 mm ࡢࣅࢽ࣮ࣝ㉺ࡋ࠾࠸ ࡚ࡶィ ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࡇࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓ㸬 ᮏㄽᩥ࡛ࡣ㸪ࣃࣥࣉࢫ࣭ࢧࣥࢲࣝࢱࣉࡢᐇ㦂㠐ࢆ⏝ࡋࡓࡀ㸪ࡑࢀ௨እࡢࢱࣉࡢᐇ 㦂㠐࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶ㸪ཌࡉ 0.8 mm ⛬ᗘࡢ㏱᫂ࣅࢽ࣮ࣝࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㠐࡛࠶ࢀࡤ㸪ィ ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ ᥎ ࡉࢀࡿ㸬ࡓࡔࡋ㸪ᶆⅬ㈞ࡾࡅ⨨⦭࠸┠ࡀ࡞࠸ࡇࡸ㸪ࣅࢽ࣮ࣝࡢ㔜࡞ࡾࡀ࡞ ࠸ࡇࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬 (3)᥎ᐃ᪉ἲࡢ⢭ᗘ 3D 䝕䝆䝍䜲䝄䛻䜘䜛ィ ᙧ≧䛸ᮏᡭἲ䛻䜘䜛᥎ᐃᙧ≧䜢ẚ㍑䛧䛯⤖ᯝ䠈᩿㠃ᙧ≧࠾ࡅࡿᖜ ᪉ྥࡢㄗᕪࡣ᭱ 2 mm㸪࿘㛗ㄗᕪࡣ㊊㤳㏆࡛᭱ 2.5 mm ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀ㸪 㠐ࡢ㛤ᨺ㒊࡛࠶ ࡿࡓࡵ㸪፬ே㠐タィ࠼ࡿᙳ㡪ࡣᑠࡉ࠸⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓ㸬 ࡓࡔࡋ㸪㊊㤳㏆ࡲ࡛そ࠺ࡼ࠺࡞㠐ࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿ㝿ࡣ㸪ᮏィ ᡭἲ࡛ࡣ㸪㊊㤳㏆ࡢᙧ ≧⌧ᛶࡀప࠸ࡓࡵ㸪༑ศ࡞⢭ᗘ࡛ࡢィ ࡀᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬 69 ➨ 4 ❶ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ ➨㸲❶ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐╔⏝ࡣ㸪㦵᱁ጼໃࡢኚࡀࡁ࠸ࡇࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪ᮏ❶࡛ ࡣ㸪ᥦᡭἲࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ ࢆࡋࡓ㸬 㸬᪉ἲ 㸯㸯 ⿕㦂⪅ ⿕㦂⪅ࡣ⾲ 4-1 ࡢ 20 ௦ዪᛶ 10 ྡ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ィ ᑐ㇟ࡣ⿕㦂⪅ࡢྑ㊊ࡋࡓ㸬 ࡞࠾㸪ᐇ㦂ࢆጞࡵࡿ๓ࡣ㸪๓ᐇ㦂ࡢ┠ⓗࡸಶேࢹ࣮ࢱࡢྲྀᢅ᪉ἲ࡞ࢆㄝ᫂ࡋ㸪 ࠸ࡘ࡛ࡶ୰Ṇ࡛ࡁࡿࡇࢆఏ࠼࡚ྠពࢆᚓࡓ㸬 㸯㸰 ᪉ἲ ⿕㦂⪅ࡢྑ㊊ࡢᅗ 2-7 ࡢ⨨ᶆⅬࢆ㈞ࡾࡅ㸪2 ❶ࡢ᪉ἲ࡛Ṍ⾜୰ࡢ㊊ኚᙧࢆィ ࡋ ࡓ㸬⿕㦂⪅ࡣ㸪〄㊊ຍ࠼㸪ᅗ 4-1 ࡢࣄ࣮ࣝ㧗 50 㸪85 mm ࡢࢧࣥࢲࣝࢆ╔⏝ࡉࡏ㸪3 ᮲ ௳ࡢṌ⾜୰ࡢ㊊ኚᙧࢆィ ࡋࡓ㸬ヨ⾜ᅇᩘࡣ 5 ᅇࡋࡓ㸬 ྛ᮲௳࡛ࡢィ ࢆ㛤ጞࡍࡿ๓㸪⿕㦂⪅ࡣ㸪༑ศṌ⾜カ⦎ࢆࡉࡏ㸪ᐇ㦂㠐࡛ࡢṌ⾜ ័ࢀ࡚ࡽ㸪ィ ࢆጞࡵࡓ㸬 㸯㸱 ⟬ฟࡋࡓ㊊ኚᙧ≉ᚩ㔞 ྲྀᚓࡋࡓ㊊⾲㠃ᙧ≧ࡽ㸪㛵⠇㐠ື㸪㊊᩿㠃ᙧ≧㸪㊊⾲㠃ఙ⦰ศᕸࢆồࡵࡓ㸬 (1)㛵⠇㐠ື 2 ❶ 9.1 ⠇ࡢ᪉ἲ࡛㸪ྛ⠇㛫ࡢ㛵⠇ゅᗘ㊊㍈୰㊊㒊ࡢゅᗘኚࢆồࡵࡓ㸬 (2)᩿㠃ᙧ≧ ᩿㠃ᙧ≧ࡣ㸪2 ❶ 9.2 ྠᵝ㊊ᗙᶆ⣔ࢆᐃ⩏ࡋ㸪ᴂ≧㦵Ⅼࡢ x ᗙᶆ㸪⯚≧㦵Ⅼࡢ x ᗙᶆ㸪 ྑ㋖Ⅼࡢ x ᗙᶆ࡛ࡢ yz ᩿㠃ࢆồࡵࡓ㸬⯚≧㦵Ⅼ࡛ࡢ᩿㠃ᙧ≧ࡣ㸪㊊㤳㏆ࡀྵࡲࢀ࡚ࡋࡲ ࠺ࡓࡵ㸪㧗ࡉ᪉ྥ࡛ᴂ≧㦵Ⅼࡢ᭱㧗Ⅼ㏆ࡢ್௨ୗࡢ್ࢆྲྀᚓࡋࡓ㸬 70 ➨ 4 ❶ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ (3)㊊⾲㠃ఙ⦰ศᕸ 2 ❶ 9.4 ࡢ㊊⾲㠃ኚᙧఙ⦰ศᕸࢆồࡵࡓ㸬 ⾲ 4-1 ⿕㦂⪅㊊ᑍἲ ㊊ᑍἲ ⿕㦂⪅ A B C D E F G H I ㊊㛗 ㊊ᅖ ㊊ᖜ ㋖ᖜ 218 226 225 228 232 236 236 243 256 224 212 236 215 223 224 233 235 240 94 88 91 92 91 94 95 97 96 56 56 57 60 61 66 61 61 67 〄㊊ ୰ 㧗 Ṍ⾜ ࣄ࣮ࣝ ࣄ࣮ࣝ 䕿 䕿 䕿 䕿 䕿 䕿 䕿 䕿 䕿 ᅗ2-ྠەᵝࡢᶆⅬ⨨ 7 ᐇ㉁ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㧗 45 mm a.〄㊊ ༢㸸mm ィ 㡯┠ b.୰ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐╔⏝ ᅗ 4-㸯 ᐇ㦂᮲௳ 䕿 䕿 䕿 䕿 䕿 䕿 䕿 - 䕿 䕿 䕿 䕿 䕿 䕿 - ᐇ㉁ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㧗 85mm c.㧗ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐╔⏝ 71 ➨ 4 ❶ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ 㸰㸬⤖ᯝ 㸰㸯 ㊊ᙧ≧ィ ᅗ 4-2 ㊊ᙧ≧ࡢィ ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬〄㊊࡛ࡣ㸪㋖ࡽ᥋ᆅࡋ㸪∎ඛࡣᣙୖࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬୰ࣄ࣮ ࡛ࣝࡣ㸪〄㊊ྠᵝ㸪㋖ࡽ᥋ᆅࡍࡿࡀ㸪∎ඛࡣ〄㊊࠶ࡀࡽࡎ㸪㠐ᗏἢࡗࡓࡲࡲ࡛࠶ ࡿ㸬㧗ࣄ࣮࡛ࣝࡣ㸪㋖∎ඛࡀࡰྠ᥋ᆅࡍࡿ㸬ࣄ࣮ࣝ㧗ࡼࡽࡎ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 20㸣⛬ ᗘ࡛㋖∎ඛࡀ᥋ᆅࡋ㸪య㔜ࡀ㊊ࡿ㸬Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 40㸣⛬ᗘࡽ㋖ࡀᆅ㠃ࡽ㞳 ࢀ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 60㸣⛬ᗘ࡛∎ඛࡀᆅ㠃ࡽ㞳ࢀࡿ㸬 0% 20% 50% 60% Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] a. 〄㊊ 0% 20% 50% 60% Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] b. ୰ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐╔⏝ 0% 20% 50% 60% Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] c. 㧗ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐╔⏝ ᅗ12ᅗṌ⾜୰ࡢ㊊ᙧ≧ࡢᵝᏊ 4-2 ㊊ᙧ≧ィ 72 ➨ 4 ❶ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ 㸰㸰 㛵⠇ゅᗘ ᅗ 4-3~5 㛵⠇ゅᗘࡢྛࣄ࣮ࣝ᮲௳࠾ࡅࡿ⿕㦂⪅ศࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ㸪ᅗ 4-6 ྛࣄ࣮ࣝ᮲ ௳࠾ࡅࡿ⿕㦂⪅ᖹᆒ್ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ྛࣄ࣮ࣝ᮲௳࠾࠸࡚㸪ࡑࡢࣄ࣮ࣝ᮲௳࡛ࡢṌ⾜࿘ᮇ 20㸣࡛ࡢ್ࢆᇶ‽㸦Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 20㸣ࡢゅᗘ㸻0°㸧ࡋࡓ㸬 (1)〄㊊Ṍ⾜ ࣭୰㊊㒊㸫ᚋ㊊㒊㛫 ᅗ 4-3 ࡼࡾ㸪〄㊊Ṍ⾜ࡢ୰㊊㒊㸫ᚋ㊊㒊㛫ࡢᒅఙ᪉ྥ࡛ࡣ㸪⿕㦂⪅㛫࡛ࡢࡤࡽࡘࡁࡀ ࡁࡃ㸪୍ᐃࡢഴྥࡀᚓࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ෆእ᪕᪉ྥ࡛ࡣ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 40㸣⛬ᗘࡲ࡛ࡣ㸪ࡰ୍ ᐃࡢ್ࢆྲྀࡾ㸪40㸣௨㝆࡛ᖹᆒ 5°ෆ᪕ࡋࡓࡀ㸪ෆ᪕ࡢࡁࡉࡤࡽࡘࡁࡀぢࡽࢀࡓ㸬ෆෆ እ㌿᪉ྥ࡛ࡣ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 10㸣⛬ᗘ࡛ 3°⛬ෆ㌿ࡋ㸪ࡑࡢᚋ㸪40㸣ࡲ࡛ࡰ୍ᐃࡢ್ࢆྲྀࡾ㸪 40㸣ࡽ 60㸣࡛ࡣ㸪እ㌿ࡍࡿሙྜෆ㌿ࡍࡿሙྜࡢ 2 ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥศࢀࡓ㸬 ࣭ẕᣦഃ๓㊊㒊㸫୰㊊㒊㛫 ẕᣦഃ๓㊊㒊㸫୰㊊㒊㛫ࡢᒅఙ᪉ྥ࡛ࡣ㸪3°⛬ᗘᒅ᭤ࡋࡓ≧ែࡽ㋖᥋ᆅࡋ㸪ࡑࡢᚋṌ⾜ ࿘ᮇ 50㸣⛬ᗘࡲ࡛⦆ࡸ 5°⛬ᗘఙᒎࡋ㸪ࡑࡢᚋ㸪60㸣ࡲ࡛ 5°⛬ᗘᒅ᭤ࡋࡓ㸬ෆእ᪕᪉ ྥ࡛ࡣ㸪10°⛬ᗘෆ᪕ࡋࡓ≧ែ࡛㋖᥋ᆅࡋ㸪10㸣ࡲ࡛ 10°እ᪕ࡋ㸪ࡑࡢᚋ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 40㸣 ⛬ᗘࡲ࡛㸪ࡰ୍ᐃࡢ್ࢆྲྀࡾ㸪ࡑࡢᚋ 60㸣ࡲ࡛ 4°እ᪕ࡋࡓ㸬࡞࠾㸪⿕㦂⪅ࡼࡗ࡚㸪 40㸣௨㝆ࡢእ᪕ࡢࡁࡉࡀ␗࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ෆእ㌿᪉ྥ࡛ࡣ㸪0㸣ࡽṌ⾜࿘ᮇ 40㸣⮳ࡿࡲ࡛ ࢇኚࡀ࡞ࡃ㸦ෆእ㌿ඹ 0°㸧 㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 40㸣௨㝆ࡽᛴ⃭ෆ㌿ࡋ㸪60㸣࡛ࡣ࡛⣙ 12°ෆ㌿ࡋࡓ㸬 ࣭ᑠᣦഃ๓㊊㒊㸫୰㊊㒊㛫 ᑠᣦഃ๓㊊㒊㸫୰㊊㒊㛫ࡢᒅఙ᪉ྥ࡛ࡣ㸪 8°⛬ᗘᒅ᭤ࡋࡓ≧ែ࡛㋖᥋ᆅࡋ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 20㸣⮳ࡿࡲ࡛㸪0°ࡲ࡛ᡠࡾ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 40㸣ࡲ࡛ࡢ㛫ࡣ⦆ࡸ 4°⛬ᗘఙᒎࡋ㸪ࡑࡢᚋ ᒅ᭤ࡋ㸪60㸣࡛ࡣ 5°⛬ᗘᒅ᭤ࡋࡓ㸬ෆእ᪕᪉ྥ࡛ࡣ㸪10°⛬ᗘෆ᪕ࡋࡓ≧ែ࡛㋖᥋ᆅࡋ㸪10㸣 ࡲ࡛ 10°እ᪕ࡋ 0°࡞ࡾ㸪ࡑࡢᚋ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 40㸣⛬ᗘࡲ࡛㸪୍ᐃࡢ್ࢆྲྀࡾ㸪ࡑࡢᚋ 60㸣 ࡲ࡛ 20°እ᪕ࡋࡓ㸬ෆእ㌿᪉ྥ࡛ࡣ㸪5°⛬ᗘእ㌿ࡋࡓ≧ែ࡛㋖᥋ᆅࡋ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 10㸣ࡲ࡛ እ㌿ࡋ 0°࡞ࡾ㸪ࡑࡢᚋṌ⾜࿘ᮇ 40㸣ࡲ࡛ 5°⛬ᗘእ㌿ࡋ㸪40㸣௨㝆ࡶእ㌿ࡋ⥆ࡅ㸪60㸣 ࡛ࡣ 10°⛬ᗘእ㌿ࡋࡓ㸬 73 ➨ 4 ❶ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ ୰㊊㒊 ᚋ㊊㒊 ẕᣦഃ๓㊊㒊 xHL xM ᑠᣦഃ๓㊊㒊 xFL xM xFM yHL ୰㊊㒊 ୰㊊㒊 yFL xM yM yM yFM 60 -5 -10 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] 20 10 0 0 20 40 60 -10 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] 10 5 0 -5 -10 0 20 40 60 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] 0 -5 0 20 40 60 -10 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] 20 10 0 -10 0 20 40 60 -20 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] 30 20 10 0 -10 0 20 40 60 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] ఙᒎЋ[deg]Ѝᒅ᭤ 40 5 እ᪕←[deg]→ෆ᪕ 20 10 እ㌿Ћ[deg]Ѝෆ㌿ 0 ఙᒎЋ[deg]Ѝᒅ᭤ 0 እ᪕←[deg]→ෆ᪕ 5 እ㌿Ћ[deg]Ѝෆ㌿ እ㌿Ћ[deg]Ѝෆ㌿ እ᪕←[deg]→ෆ᪕ ఙᒎЋ[deg]Ѝᒅ᭤ yM 15 10 5 0 -5 0 20 40 60 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] 20 0 0 20 40 60 -20 -40 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] 20 10 0 -10 0 20 40 60 -20 -30 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] ͤ Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ20㸣ࢆᇶ‽ ᅗ 4-3 〄㊊㛵⠇㐠ື ௨ୖࡼࡾ㸪〄㊊Ṍ⾜࡛ࡣ㸪୰㊊㒊㸫ᚋ㊊㒊㛫ࡢᒅఙ᪉ྥ㸪ෆእ㌿᪉ྥ࡛ࡣ㸪⿕㦂⪅㛫࡛ ࡢࡤࡽࡘࡁࡀࡁࡃ㸪୍ᐃࡢഴྥࡀᚓࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ෆ᪕᪉ྥ࡛ࡣ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 40㸣௨㝆ࡢ ෆ᪕㔞ࡤࡽࡘࡁࡀぢࡽࢀࡓ㸬 ẕᣦഃ๓㊊㒊㸫୰㊊㒊㛫࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ᒅఙ᪉ྥ㸪ෆእ㌿᪉ྥ࡛ࡣ㸪⿕㦂⪅㛫࡛ࡢࡤࡽࡘ ࡁࡀᑠࡉࡃ㸪8 ྡဨ୍࡛ᐃࡢഴྥࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓ㸬ෆእ᪕᪉ྥ࡛ࡣ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 40㸣௨㝆ࡢኚ ഴྥࡤࡽࡘࡁࡀぢࡽࢀࡓ㸬 ᑠᣦഃ๓㊊㒊㸫୰㊊㒊㛫࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ᒅఙ᪉ྥ㸪ෆእ᪕᪉ྥ㸪ෆእ㌿᪉ྥࡢ࠸ࡎࢀ࠾ 74 ➨ 4 ❶ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ ࠸࡚ࡶ㸪ࡢ 2 ⠇㛫ࡼࡾࡶኚ㔞ࡀࡁࡗࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 40㸣ࡲ࡛ࡣࡰ୍ᐃࡢഴ ྥࡀぢࡽࢀࡓࡀ㸪40㸣௨㝆ࡢኚഴྥ⿕㦂⪅㛫࡛ࡤࡽࡘࡁࡀぢࡽࢀࡓ㸬 (2)୰ࣄ࣮ࣝṌ⾜ ࣭୰㊊㒊㸫ᚋ㊊㒊㛫 ᅗ 4-4 ࡼࡾ㸪ᒅఙ᪉ྥ࡛ࡣ㸪ᒅఙ 0°࡛᥋ᆅࡋ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 20㸣ࡲ࡛ࡣኚࡏࡎ㸪20㸣௨㝆 ࡶኚࡋ࡞࠸ሙྜ㸪60㸣ࡲ࡛ᒅ᭤ࡍࡿሙྜࡢ 2 ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡀぢࡽࢀࡓ㸬ෆእ᪕᪉ྥ࡛ࡣ㸪 ୰㊊㒊 ᚋ㊊㒊 ẕᣦഃ๓㊊㒊 xHL xM ᑠᣦഃ๓㊊㒊 xFL xM xFM yHL ୰㊊㒊 ୰㊊㒊 yFL xM yM yM yFM 40 60 -5 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] 10 5 0 -5 0 20 40 60 -10 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] 10 5 0 -5 0 20 40 60 -10 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] 0 -5 0 -10 20 40 60 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] 5 0 0 20 40 60 -10 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] 30 20 10 0 -10 15 10 5 0 -5 0 -10 20 40 60 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] 20 10 -5 ఙᒎЋ[deg]Ѝᒅ᭤ 20 5 0 20 40 60 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] ͤ Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ20㸣ࢆᇶ‽ ᅗ 4-4 ୰ࣄ࣮ࣝ㛵⠇㐠ື እ᪕←[deg]→ෆ᪕ 0 10 እ㌿Ћ[deg]Ѝෆ㌿ 0 ఙᒎЋ[deg]Ѝᒅ᭤ 5 እ᪕←[deg]→ෆ᪕ 10 እ㌿Ћ[deg]Ѝෆ㌿ እ㌿Ћ[deg]Ѝෆ㌿ እ᪕←[deg]→ෆ᪕ ఙᒎЋ[deg]Ѝᒅ᭤ yM 10 0 -10 0 20 40 60 -20 -30 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] 10 5 0 -5 -10 0 20 40 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] 60 75 ➨ 4 ❶ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ ෆእ᪕ 0°࡛᥋ᆅࡋ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 20㸣௨㝆࡛㸪ኚࡋ࡞࠸ሙྜ 60㸣ࡲ࡛እ᪕ࡍࡿሙྜࡢ 2 ࣃ ࢱ࣮ࣥࡀぢࡽࢀࡓ㸬ෆእ㌿᪉ྥ࡛ࡣ㸪3°⛬ᗘእ㌿ࡋࡓ≧ែ࡛᥋ᆅࡋ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 20㸣ࡅ ࡚ෆ㌿ࡋ㸪0r࡞ࡾ㸪ࡑࡢᚋ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 40㸣ࡅ࡚⦆ࡸ 4°⛬ᗘෆ㌿ࡋ㸪60㸣ࡅ ࡚ኚࡋ࡞࠸ሙྜ㸪60㸣ࡲ࡛ 4°⛬ᗘෆ㌿ࡍࡿሙྜࡢ 2 ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡀぢࡽࢀࡓ㸬 ࣭ẕᣦഃ๓㊊㒊㸫୰㊊㒊㛫 ᒅఙ᪉ྥ࡛ࡣ㸪ᒅ᭤ 2°࡛᥋ᆅࡋ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 50㸣ࡲ࡛ 4°ఙᒎࡋ⥆ࡅ㸪ࡑࡢᚋ㸪ࢃࡎ ᒅ᭤ࡋࡓ㸬ෆእ᪕᪉ྥ࡛ࡣ㸪4°ෆ᪕࡛᥋ᆅࡋ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 20㸣ࡲ࡛እ᪕ࡋ㸪ෆእ᪕ 0°࡞ ࡾ㸪ࡑࡢᚋ㸪ኚࡋ࡞࠸ሙྜ⦆ࡸ 3°⛬ᗘእ᪕ࡍࡿሙྜࡢ 2 ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡀぢࡽࢀࡓ㸬 ෆእ㌿᪉ྥ࡛ࡣ㸪ෆ㌿ 5°࡛᥋ᆅࡋ㸪ࡑࡢᚋ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 20㸣ࡲ࡛⦆ࡸእ㌿ࡋ㸪ෆእ㌿ 0°࡞ࡾ㸪ࡑࡢᚋ㸪50㸣ࡲ୍࡛ᐃࡢ್ࢆྲྀࡿሙྜࡉࡽእ㌿ࡍࡿሙྜࡢ 2 ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡀぢࡽࢀ㸪 ඹ 50㸣௨㝆࡛ࡣෆ㌿ࡋࡓ㸬 ࣭ᑠᣦഃ๓㊊㒊㸫୰㊊㒊㛫 ᒅఙ᪉ྥ࡛ࡣ㸪ᒅ᭤ 7°࡛᥋ᆅࡋ㸪ࡑࡢᚋṌ⾜࿘ᮇ 50㸣⛬ᗘࡲ࡛ఙᒎࡋ⥆ࡅ㸪50㸣௨㝆࡛ ࡣ 3°⛬ᗘᒅ᭤ࡋࡓ㸬ෆእ᪕᪉ྥ࡛ࡣ㸪ෆ᪕ 10°࡛᥋ᆅࡋ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 20㸣ࡲ࡛ෆ᪕ࡋ㸪ෆ እ᪕ 0°࡞ࡗࡓᚋ㸪40㸣ࡲ࡛ࡣኚࡏࡎ㸪40㸣௨㝆࡛ᛴ⃭እ᪕ࡋ㸪60㸣࡛ࡣ⣙ 18°እ᪕ ࡋࡓ㸬ෆእ㌿᪉ྥ࡛ࡣ㸪ෆ㌿ 3°࡛᥋ᆅࡋ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 10㸣ࡲ࡛ෆእ㌿ 0°࡞ࡾ㸪ࡑࡢᚋṌ ⾜࿘ᮇ 30㸣⛬ᗘࡲ࡛ኚࡏࡎ㸪30㸣ࡓ 60㸣ࡲ࡛ 5°እ㌿ࡋࡓ㸬 (3)㧗ࣄ࣮ࣝṌ⾜ ࣭୰㊊㒊㸫ᚋ㊊㒊㛫 ᅗ 4-5 ࡼࡾ㸪ᒅఙ᪉ྥ࡛ࡣ㸪Ṍ⾜ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ᒅఙ 0°୍ᐃࡢ್ࢆྲྀࡗࡓ㸬ෆእ᪕᪉ྥ࡛ࡣ㸪 እ᪕ 2°࡛᥋ᆅࡋ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 10㸣ࡲ࡛ෆ᪕ࡋ㸪ෆእ᪕ 0°࡞ࡗࡓᚋ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 30㸣~40㸣 ࡽእ᪕ࡋጞࡵ㸪50㸣௨㝆ෆ᪕ࡋࡓ㸬ෆእ㌿᪉ྥࡣ㸪⿕㦂⪅㛫ࡤࡽࡘࡁࡀぢࡽࢀࡓࡀ㸪 Ṍ⾜ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ෆ㌿ 2°⛬ᗘ୍ᐃࡢ್ࢆྲྀࡗࡓ㸬 ࣭ẕᣦഃ๓㊊㒊㸫୰㊊㒊㛫 ᒅఙ᪉ྥ࡛ࡣ㸪ᒅ᭤ 2°࡛᥋ᆅࡋࡓᚋ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 50㸣ࡲ࡛ఙᒎࡋ⥆ࡅ㸪50㸣࡛ࡣఙᒎ 4° ࡞ࡾ㸪ࡑࡢᚋ 60㸣ࡅ࡚ᒅ᭤᪉ྥኚࡋࡓ㸬ෆእ᪕᪉ྥ࡛ࡣ㸪⿕㦂⪅㛫ࡤࡽࡘࡁ 76 ➨ 4 ❶ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ ୰㊊㒊 ẕᣦഃ๓㊊㒊 ᚋ㊊㒊 xHL xM ᑠᣦഃ๓㊊㒊 xFL xM xFM yHL ୰㊊㒊 ୰㊊㒊 yFL xM yM yM yFM 40 60 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] 8 4 0 0 -4 20 40 60 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] 8 4 0 0 -4 20 40 60 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] 0 -5 0 -10 20 40 60 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] 10 5 0 0 -5 20 40 60 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] 15 10 5 0 -5 -10 0 20 40 60 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] ఙᒎЋ[deg]Ѝᒅ᭤ -4 20 5 እ᪕←[deg]→ෆ᪕ 0 10 እ㌿Ћ[deg]Ѝෆ㌿ 0 ఙᒎЋ[deg]Ѝᒅ᭤ 4 እ᪕←[deg]→ෆ᪕ 8 እ㌿Ћ[deg]Ѝෆ㌿ እ㌿Ћ[deg]Ѝෆ㌿ እ᪕←[deg]→ෆ᪕ ఙᒎЋ[deg]Ѝᒅ᭤ yM 20 10 0 -10 0 -20 20 40 60 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] 10 0 0 20 40 60 -10 -20 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] 20 10 0 -10 -20 0 20 40 60 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] ͤ Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ20㸣ࢆᇶ‽ ᅗ 4-5 㧗ࣄ࣮ࣝ㛵⠇㐠ື ࡀぢࡽࢀࡓࡀ㸪ᖹᆒࡍࡿ㸪Ṍ⾜ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ෆእ᪕ 0°࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬ෆእ㌿᪉ྥ࡛ࡣ㸪እ㌿ 5°࡛ ᥋ᆅࡋ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 10㸣ࡲ࡛ᛴ⃭ෆ㌿ࡋ㸪10㸣࡛ෆ㌿ 3°࡞ࡗࡓ㸬20㸣ࡲ࡛ࡧእ㌿ ࡋ㸪ෆእ㌿ 0°࡞ࡾ㸪ࡑࡢᚋṌ⾜࿘ᮇ 30㸣ࡲ࡛ࡣኚࡋ࡞ࡗࡓ㸬30㸣௨㝆࡛ࡣ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ ᮇ 50㸣ࡲ࡛ 5°⛬ᗘእ㌿ࡋࡓᚋ㸪ෆ㌿ࡍࡿሙྜ 50㸣ࡲ࡛ኚࡏࡎ㸪ࡑࡢᚋෆ㌿ࡍࡿሙྜࡢ 2 ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡀぢࡽࢀࡓ㸬 ࣭ᑠᣦഃ๓㊊㒊㸫୰㊊㒊㛫 ᒅఙ᪉ྥ࡛ࡣ㸪ᒅ᭤ 10°࡛᥋ᆅࡋ㸪ࡑࡢᚋṌ⾜࿘ᮇ 60㸣ࡲ࡛⦆ࡸఙᒎࡋ⥆ࡅࡓ㸬ఙᒎ 77 ➨ 4 ❶ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ 30 እ㌿Ћ[deg]Ѝෆ㌿ ఙᒎЋ[deg]Ѝᒅ᭤ እ᪕←[deg]→ෆ᪕ 20 10 0 -10 -20 -30 -40 ෆእ᪕ ᒅఙ ෆእ㌿ ᚋ㊊㒊ࢆᇶ‽ࡋࡓࡢ ୰㊊㒊ࡢゅᗘ ෆእ᪕ ᒅఙ ෆእ㌿ ෆእ᪕ ୰㊊㒊ࢆᇶ‽ࡋࡓࡢ ẕᣦഃ๓㊊㒊ࡢゅᗘ ୰ࣄ࣮ࣝ╔⏝sȪ ᒅఙ ෆእ㌿ ୰㊊㒊ࢆᇶ‽ࡋࡓࡢ ᑠᣦഃ๓㊊㒊ࡢゅᗘ 㧗ࣄ࣮ࣝ╔⏝sȪ ᅗ 4-6 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 20㸣Ⅼࡢ㛵⠇ゅᗘ 㔞ࡢࡁࡉ⿕㦂⪅㛫࡛ࡤࡽࡘࡁࡀぢࡽࢀࡓ㸬ෆእ᪕᪉ྥ࡛ࡣ㸪ෆ᪕ 5°࡛᥋ᆅࡋ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ ᮇ 10㸣ࡲ࡛እ᪕ࡋ㸪ෆእ᪕ 0°࡞ࡾ㸪ࡑࡢᚋ 50㸣ࡲ࡛ኚࡏࡎ㸪50㸣௨㝆࡛ࡁࡃእ ᪕ࡋࡓ㸬ෆእ㌿᪉ྥ࡛ࡣ㸪ෆ㌿ 10°࡛᥋ᆅࡋ㸪ࡑࡢᚋ 60㸣ࡲ࡛⦆ࡸእ㌿ࡋ⥆ࡅࡓ (4) ᇶ‽ጼໃࡢࣄ࣮ࣝ㧗ࡼࡿ㐪࠸ ᅗ 4-6 㛵⠇㐠ືࡢṌ⾜࿘ᮇ 20㸣ࡢ୰ࣄ࣮ࣝ㸪࠾ࡼࡧ㧗ࣄ࣮ࣝࡢ㛵⠇ゅᗘࡽ㸪〄㊊ ࡢ್ࢆᘬ࠸ࡓࡁࡢ 6 ྡศࡢᖹᆒࢆ♧ࡍ㸬 ୰㊊㒊㸫ᚋ㊊㒊㛫࡛ࡣ㸪ෆእ᪕࣭ᒅఙ࣭ෆእ㌿ඹ㸪୰ࣄ࣮ࣝ㸪㧗ࣄ࣮ࣝඹኚ㔞ࡀ ᑠࡉࡃ㸪2 ࡘࡢ㛫ᕪࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓ㸬 ẕᣦഃ๓㊊㒊㸫୰㊊㒊㛫࡛ࡣ㸪3 ᪉ྥࡢゅᗘඹ㸪୰ࣄ࣮ࣝࡼࡾࡶ㧗ࣄ࣮ࣝࡢ᪉࡛ኚ㔞 ࡀࡁࡗࡓ㸬୰ࣄ࣮࡛ࣝࡣ㸪〄㊊ࡽ㸪2°እ᪕㸪2°ᒅ᭤㸪5°ෆ㌿ࡋࡓ㸬୍᪉㸪㧗ࣄ࣮࡛ࣝ ࡣ㸪〄㊊ࡽ㸪14°እ᪕ࡋ㸪10°ᒅ᭤㸪16°ෆ㌿ࡋࡓ㸬 ᑠᣦഃ๓㊊㒊㸫୰㊊㒊㛫࡛ࡣ㸪ẕᣦ๓㊊㒊㸫୰㊊㒊ྠᵝ 3 ᪉ྥࡢゅᗘඹ㸪୰ࣄ࣮ ࣝࡼࡾࡶ㧗ࣄ࣮ࣝࡢ᪉࡛ኚ㔞ࡀࡁࡗࡓ㸬୰ࣄ࣮࡛ࣝࡣ㸪〄㊊ࡽ㸪9°እ᪕㸪5°ᒅ᭤㸪 5°እ㌿ࡋࡓ㸬୍᪉㸪㧗ࣄ࣮࡛ࣝࡣ㸪〄㊊ࡽ㸪25°እ᪕ࡋ㸪18°ᒅ᭤㸪11°ෆ㌿ࡋࡓ㸬 ࡇࢀࡼࡾ㸪ẕᣦഃ๓㊊㒊㸫୰㊊㒊㛫ᑠᣦഃ๓㊊㒊㸫୰㊊㒊㛫࡛ࡣ㸪୰ࣄ࣮ࣝ㸫〄㊊㛫 ࡢኚࡼࡾࡶ㸪୰ࣄ࣮ࣝ㸫㧗ࣄ࣮ࣝ㛫ࡢኚ㔞ࡀࡁ࠸ࡇࡀࢃࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ẕᣦഃ๓㊊ 78 ➨ 4 ❶ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ 㒊㸫୰㊊㒊㛫ᑠᣦഃ๓㊊㒊㸫୰㊊㒊㛫࡛ࡣ㸪ᑠᣦഃ๓㊊㒊㸫୰㊊㒊㛫ࡢ᪉ࡀẕᣦഃࡼࡾ ࡶኚ㔞ࡀࡁ࠸ࡇࡀࢃࡿ㸬୍᪉࡛㸪୰㊊㒊㸫ᚋ㊊㒊㛫࡛ࡣ㸪2 ᮲௳ࡶ㸪〄㊊ࡽ ࡢኚ㔞ࡀᑠࡉࡃ㸪ࡲࡓኚࡢഴྥࡶಶே㛫࡛ࡢࡤࡽࡘࡁࡀከࡃ㸪୍ᐃࡢኚഴྥࡀぢࡽ ࢀ࡞ࡗࡓ㸬 (5) Ṍ⾜୰㊊ኚᙧࡢࣄ࣮ࣝ㧗ࡼࡿ㐪࠸ ᅗ 4-7 ྛࣄ࣮ࣝ㧗࠾ࡅࡿᖹᆒ್ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬 ࣭୰㊊㒊㸫ᚋ㊊㒊㛫 ୰㊊㒊㸫ᚋ㊊㒊㛫࡛ࡣ㸪ྛࣄ࣮ࣝ㧗࠾࠸࡚㸪⿕㦂⪅ࡈഴྥࡀ␗࡞ࡾ㸪ࡤࡽࡘࡁࡀ ࡁࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡼࡾ㸪ࣄ࣮ࣝ㧗ࡢᙳ㡪ࡣᑠࡉࡃ㸪⿕㦂⪅ࡢึᮇࡢ㊊ጼໃࡸṌࡁ᪉ࡼࡿ ᙳ㡪ࡀࡁ࠸⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᐇ㦂⏝ࡋࡓ㠐ࡣࣄ࣮ࣝ࢝࢘ࣥࢱ࣮ࡀ࡞ࡗࡓࡓ ࡵ㸪ᚋ㊊㒊㏆ࡢᏳᐃᛶࡀᐇ㝿ࡢ㠐ࡼࡾࡶపࡃ㸪㠐╔⏝࠾࠸࡚ࡶࡤࡽࡘࡁࡀࡁࡗ ࡓྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬 ࣭ẕᣦഃ๓㊊㒊㸫୰㊊㒊㛫 ෆእ᪕᪉ྥ࡛ࡣ㸪ྛࣄ࣮ࣝ㧗࠾࠸࡚㸪㋖㞳ᆅ┤ᚋࡽ∎ඛ㞳ᆅࡅ࡚⿕㦂⪅ࡼࡗ ࡚ഴྥࡀ␗࡞ࡾ㸪ࡤࡽࡘࡁࡀぢࡽࢀࡓ㸬୍᪉࡛㸪ࣄ࣮ࣝ㧗ࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿࡘࢀ㸪ࡤࡽࡘࡁࡢ ࡁࡉࡣᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡗࡓᒅఙ᪉ྥ࡛ࡣ㸪ึᮇጼໃࡣ␗࡞ࡿࡀ㸪ࣄ࣮ࣝ㧗ࡼࡽࡎࢇྠ ୍ࡢኚഴྥࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸬ẕᣦ๓㊊㒊㸫୰㊊㒊㛫ࡢᒅఙ᪉ྥࡢ㐠ືࡣ㸪⦪࣮ࢳࡢኚࢆ⾲ ࡍࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪Ṍ⾜ࢆᨭ࠼ࡿ㔜せ࡞㛵⠇㐠ື࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵ㸪ࣄ࣮ࣝ㧗ࡼࡽࡎ㸪ྠ୍ࡢഴྥ ࢆ♧ࡋࡓ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬 ෆእ㌿᪉ྥ࡛ࡣ㸪㋖㞳ᆅ┤ᚋࡽ∎ඛ㞳ᆅࡅ࡚ࡢኚ㔞ࡢࡁࡉࢆ㝖࠸࡚㸪ࡰྠ ୍ࡢኚഴྥࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸬㋖㞳ᆅ┤ᚋࡽ∎ඛ㞳ᆅࡅ࡚ࡣ㸪ࣄ࣮ࣝ㧗ࡀ㧗࠸ኚ㔞 ࡀᑠࡉࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡣ㸪ࣄ࣮ࣝ㧗ࡀ㧗࠸㸪ᇶ‽ጼໃ࡛ࡣ㸪ෆ㌿ഴྥ࠶ࡿࡓࡵ㸪ࡑࡢ ศṌ⾜୰ࡢኚ㔞ࡀᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡗࡓ㸪ࡲࡓࡣ㸪㠐ᖜࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅ࡚㸪ኚ㔞ࡀᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡗࡓ ࡇࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬 79 ➨ 4 ❶ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ ࣭ᑠᣦഃ๓㊊㒊㸫୰㊊㒊㛫 ෆእ᪕࣭ᒅఙ࣭ෆእ㌿᪉ྥࡢ࠸ࡎࢀ࠾࠸࡚ࡶ㸪㋖㞳ᆅ┤ᚋࡽ∎ඛ㞳ᆅࡅ࡚ࡢኚ 㔞ࡢࡁࡉࢆ㝖࠸࡚㸪ࡰྠ୍ࡢኚഴྥࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸬㋖㞳ᆅ┤ᚋࡽ∎ඛ㞳ᆅࡅ࡚ࡣ㸪 ࣄ࣮ࣝ㧗ࡀ㧗࠸ኚ㔞ࡀᑠࡉࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡣ㸪ࣄ࣮ࣝ㧗ࡀ㧗࠸㸪ᇶ‽ጼໃ࡛ࡢኚ 㔞ࡀࡁ࠸ࡓࡵ㸪ࡑࡢศṌ⾜୰ࡢኚ㔞ࡀᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡗࡓ㸪ࡲࡓࡣ㸪㠐ᖜࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅ࡚㸪 ኚ㔞ࡀᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࡇࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬 ୰㊊㒊 ẕᣦഃ๓㊊㒊 ᚋ㊊㒊 xHL xM ᑠᣦഃ๓㊊㒊 xFL xM xFM yHL ୰㊊㒊 ୰㊊㒊 yFL xM yM yM yFM 2 0 0 20 40 60 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] -1 0 -3 -5 20 40 60 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] 10 5 0 -5 0 0 20 40 60 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] 4 2 0 0 20 60 40 -4 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] 5 0 0 20 40 60 -5 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] 20 15 10 5 0 -5 0 -10 40 60 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] 0 20 40 60 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] 0 -10 0 ୰ࣄ࣮ࣝ ᅗ 4-7 ⿕㦂⪅ᖹᆒ 20 40 60 -20 -30 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] 10 5 0 -5 0 20 40 -10 -15 ͤ ྛࣄ࣮ࣝ᮲௳ࡢṌ⾜࿘ᮇ20㸣ࢆᇶ‽ 〄㊊ 20 10 እ᪕←[deg]→ෆ᪕ 2 -2 1 እ㌿Ћ[deg]Ѝෆ㌿ 4 -2 3 10 6 እ᪕←[deg]→ෆ᪕ -2 5 ఙᒎЋ[deg]Ѝᒅ᭤ 4 ఙᒎЋ[deg]Ѝᒅ᭤ 6 እ㌿Ћ[deg]Ѝෆ㌿ እ㌿Ћ[deg]Ѝෆ㌿ እ᪕←[deg]→ෆ᪕ ఙᒎЋ[deg]Ѝᒅ᭤ yM 㧗ࣄ࣮ࣝ Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] 60 80 ➨ 4 ❶ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ 㸰㸱 ᩿㠃ᙧ≧ ᩿㠃ᙧ≧ࡢィ ࢆᅗ 4-8 ♧ࡍ㸬 (1) 〄㊊Ṍ⾜ ᅗ 4-8a ࡼࡾ㸪㊊ᅖ㒊࡛ࡣ㸪Ṍ⾜ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚㸪ᖜ᪉ྥࡁࡃኚࡋࡓ㸬Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 0㸣࡛᭱ ࡶᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡾ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 40㸣࡛㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 0㸣ࡽ⣙ 12 mm ᗈࡀࡾ㸪᭱࡞ࡾ㸪ࡑࡢᚋ ࡧᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ᴂ≧㦵㒊࡛ࡣ㸪Ṍ⾜ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚㸪㊊㍈ࢆ୰ᚰࡋࡓᅇ㌿㸦ᅇෆ㸧ࡸᖹ⾜ ⛣ື㸦ෆ㌿㸧ࡀぢࡽࢀࡓ㸬Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 20㸣ࡽṌ⾜࿘ᮇ 40㸣ࡅ࡚ẕᣦഃ᭱ࡶᗈࡀࡾ㸦Ṍ ⾜࿘ᮇ 0㸣ࡽ 5 mm㸧㸪㧗ࡉࡶ⣙ 4 mm పୗࡋࡓ㸬Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 60㸣࡛ࡣ㸪ᖜ᪉ྥࡣṌ⾜࿘ ᮇ 0㸣➼ࡋࡃ࡞ࡗࡓ㸬㋖㒊࡛ࡣ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 20㸣࡛᭱ࡶẕᣦഃᗈࡀࡾ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 40㸣࡛ ᭱ࡶᑠᣦഃࡀẕᣦഃ⛣ືࡋࡓ㸬 (2) ୰ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ ᅗ 4-8b ࡼࡾ㸪୰ࣄ࣮࡛ࣝࡣ〄㊊Ṍ⾜ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚㸪ኚഴྥࡣఝ࡚࠸ࡓࡀ㸪ኚ㔞ࡀ యⓗᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡣ㸪ࢧࣥࢲࣝࡢ⏥ࡸࣄ࣮ࣝ㧗ࡼࡿไ⣙ࡢࡓࡵ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬㊊ᅖ㒊 ࡛ࡣ㸪ᖜ᪉ྥࡣ 3 mm ኚࡋࡓ㸬ᴂ≧㦵㒊࡛ࡣ㸪ẕᣦഃ 3 mm㸪ᑠᣦഃ 1 mm㸪㧗ࡉ᪉ ྥ 3 mm ኚࡋࡓ㸬㋖㒊࡛ࡣ㸪 (3) 㧗ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ 㧗ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜࡛ࡣ㸪〄㊊࣭୰ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ኚഴྥࡣྠࡌࡔࡀ㸪୰ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐 ࡼࡾࡶኚ㔞ࡀᑠࡉࡗࡓ㸬 ௨ୖࡼࡾ㸪㋖㞳ᆅ┤๓࡛ࡣ㸪ࣄ࣮ࣝ㧗ࡼࡽࡎ㸪㟼Ṇ❧ẚ㍑ࡋࡓሙྜ㸪ᴂ≧㦵 ㏆࠾࠸࡚㊊㍈ᑐࡋ࡚యⓗẕᣦഃ✺ฟࡋ㸪㧗ࡉࡶపୗࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪㋖㒊࡛ࡣ㸪 ᑠᣦഃࡀእഃഴ࠸࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀࢃࡿ㸬 81 ➨ 4 ❶ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ 㸸0% 㸸20% 㸸40% 㸸60% 1┠┒㸸20 mm ←ᑠᣦഃ ẕᣦഃ→ ㊊ᅖ㒊 ←ᑠᣦഃ ẕᣦഃ→ ᴂ≧㦵Ⅼ ←ᑠᣦഃ ẕᣦഃ→ ྑ㋖Ⅼ a. 〄㊊ 1┠┒㸸20 mm ←ᑠᣦഃ ẕᣦഃ→ ㊊ᅖ㒊 ←ᑠᣦഃ ẕᣦഃ→ ᴂ≧㦵Ⅼ ←ᑠᣦഃ ẕᣦഃ→ ྑ㋖Ⅼ b. 〄㊊ 1┠┒㸸20 mm ←ᑠᣦഃ ẕᣦഃ→ ㊊ᅖ㒊 ←ᑠᣦഃ ẕᣦഃ→ ᴂ≧㦵Ⅼ c. 㧗ࣄ࣮ࣝ╔⏝ ᅗ 4-8 ᩿㠃ᙧ≧ィ ᅗە ᩿㠃ᙧ≧ィ 㸦⿕㦂⪅A㸧 㸦⿕㦂⪅ B㸧 ←ᑠᣦഃ ẕᣦഃ→ ྑ㋖Ⅼ 82 ➨ 4 ❶ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ 㸰㸲 ㊊⾲㠃㠃✚ኚศᕸ ㊊⾲㠃㠃✚ኚศᕸࡢィ ࢆᅗ 4-9 ♧ࡍ㸬 (1) 〄㊊Ṍ⾜ 㠃✚ኚࡀࡁ࠸ࡢࡣ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ➨୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼࡢ㛫㸪⯚≧㦵ࡸෆ㋖๓᪉Ⅼ㏆㸪 ᴂ≧㦵Ⅼࡽ➨୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼࡅ࡚࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬୍᪉㸪㋖᥋ᆅ∎ඛ㞳ᆅ࡛ࡣ㸪㊊ᅖ 㒊ࡀ᭱ࡶ⦰ࡳ㸪ẕᣦഃ࡛ࡣ➨୍୰㊊㦵ᗏⅬࡽෆ㋖๓᪉Ⅼࡅ࡚㸪ᑠᣦഃ࡛ࡣ➨୍୰㊊ 㦵㢌Ⅼࡽእ㋖๓᪉Ⅼࡅ࡚ࡢኚࡀࡁࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡣ㸪Ṍ⾜୰ࡢ࣮ࢳኚᙧక࠸㸪 2.2㸪2.3 ⠇ࡢࡼ࠺㸪୰㊊㒊̿ẕᣦഃ๓㊊㒊ࡸ୰㊊㒊̿ᑠᣦഃ๓㊊㒊࡛ࡢືࡁࡀ⏕ࡌ㸪≉ ㊊ᅖ㒊ࡣᖜ᪉ྥࡁࡃᗈࡀࡾ㸪ᖜ㸪㧗ࡉ᪉ྥࡶኚࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ࡇࡢ㒊࡛ࡢ㊊⾲㠃 ኚࡀぢࡽࢀࡓ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ኚࡀᑠࡉࡗࡓࡢࡣ㸪ྛ୰㊊㦵ᗏ㏆㋖࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬୰ ㊊㦵ࡣ㊊㍈᪉ྥ㛗ࡃ㸪ືࡁࡣ㦵㢌ഃ࡛㉳ࡇࡿࡓࡵ㸪㊊᰿⠇᥋ࡍࡿ㦵ᗏഃ࡛ࡣ㸪⾲㠃ኚ ࡀぢࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓ㸬 Ṍ⾜ ࿘ᮇ 0% 20% 40% 60% ྛ᮲௳ࡢ 㟼Ṇ❧ ࢆᇶ‽ ㊊ 〄㊊ ఙࡧ ୰ ࣄ࣮ࣝ ࣝ ᇶ‽ 㧗 ࣝ ࣄ࣮ࣝ ⦰ࡳ ᅗ 4-9 ㊊⾲㠃ఙ⦰ศᕸ 83 ➨ 4 ❶ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ (2) ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ ᅗ 4-9 ࡼࡾ㸪〄㊊ࡰྠᵝࡢ㒊ࡀኚࡋࡓ㸬ࣄ࣮ࣝ╔⏝ࡣ㸪㊊ጼໃࡀኚࢃࡿࡔࡅ ࡛㸪㦵᱁㐠ືࡢࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡣ〄㊊ኚࢃࡽ࡞࠸ࡓࡵ㸪㊊⾲㠃ୖࡢኚศᕸࡣ㛵⠇ゅᗘྠ ᵝ〄㊊ࡰ୍⮴ࡋࡓ㸬㧗ࣄ࣮ࣝ࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ࣄ࣮ࣝ㧗ࡢᙳ㡪ࡼࡾ㸪ඖࠎ㊊㤳ࡀ⫼ ᒅࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵ㸪ࡢ 2 ᮲௳ẚ࡚㸪㊊㤳࿘ࡾࡢ㠃✚ኚࡀᑠࡉࡗࡓ㸬 (3)㠃✚ኚ⋡ࡢᑠࡉ࠸㒊 ᅗ 4-10 Ṍ⾜୰ࡢ㠃✚ኚ⋡ࡢᖜࢆ♧ࡍ㸬Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 20㸣ࢆᇶ‽ࡋࡓࡁࡢṌ⾜୰ࡢ 㠃✚ኚ⋡ࡢ್᭱ࡽ᭱ᑠ್ࢆᘬ࠸ࡓ್ࢆᖜࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡼࡾ㸪ࣄ࣮ࣝ㧗ࡼࡽࡎ㸪 Ṍ⾜యࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚㸪ኚ⋡ࡀᑠࡉ࠸㒊ࡣ㸪5 ࡘࡢ୰㊊㦵ᗏୖ㸪㋖㏆࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬 ᅗ 4-11 ࡢࡼ࠺㸪ኚᙧࡢᑡ࡞࠸ࡇࢆ⏝ࡋ࡚㸪ࡇࢀࡽࡢ㒊ᅛᐃ⏝ࡢ࣋ࣝࢺࢆ㓄⨨ ࡍࡿࡇࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ᐇ㝿㸪ࡇࢀࡽࡢ㒊ࡣ㸪ࢧࣥࢲࣝࡸࣃࣥࣉࢫࡢᅛᐃ࣋ࣝࢺࡀ 㓄⨨ࡉࢀࡿࡇࡀ࠶ࡾ㸬≉㸪⏥ࡢᙧ≧㛵ࡋ࡚㸪㠐ᗏࢆ㊊ᅛᐃࡍࡿࡓࡵࡔࡅࢆ⪃៖ࡋ ࡚࠸ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸪ఏ⤫ⓗ࡞ࢧࣥࢲ࡛ࣝࡣ㸪ࡇࡢ㒊࡛ᅛᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀ ࡓ 68-70㸧㸬 㠃✚ኚ 㠃✚ኚ ࡞ࡋ a. 〄㊊ b. ୰ࣄ࣮ࣝ c. 㧗ࣄ࣮ࣝ ᅗ 4-10 Ṍ⾜୰ࡢ㠃✚ኚ⋡ࡢࡁࡉ㸦⿕㦂⪅ C㸧 84 ➨ 4 ❶ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ ᅛᐃ࣋ࣝࢺࡢࣛࣥ ᅗ 4-11 ᅗ 4-10 ࡼࡾ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ࣋ࣝࢺ㓄⨨ 㸰㸳 ࡲࡵ ௨ୖࡼࡾ㸪ᇶᮏⓗ࡞㛵⠇㐠ືࡣ㸪ࣄ࣮ࣝ㧗ࡼࡗ࡚ࡣ㸪㋖㞳ᆅࡽ∎ඛ㞳ᆅ㛫࡛ࡢኚ 㔞ᕪࡀぢࡽࢀࡓࡀ㸪ྠ୍ࡢኚഴྥࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡣ㸪᩿㠃ᙧ≧ࡸ㠃✚ኚ⋡࠾࠸࡚ ࡶྠ୍ഴྥ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࡢࡇࡽ㸪㠐㛤Ⓨࡢ㝿㸪㊊ࡢኚᙧࡣ㸪ࣄ࣮ࣝ㧗ࡼࡽࡎ㸪 ࠶ࡿ୍ᐃࡢ᪉ἲࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᑐᛂࡍࡿࡇࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓ㸬 85 ➨ 4 ❶ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ 㸱㸬ඛ⾜◊✲ࡢẚ㍑ ィ ࡢጇᙜᛶࢆ᳨ドࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ඛ⾜◊✲ࡼࡿィ ࢹ࣮ࢱẚ㍑ࡋࡓ㸬ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ ࡢ㛵⠇㐠ື࣭㊊ᙧ≧ィ ࡣᑡ࡞࠸ࡓࡵ㸪〄㊊Ṍ⾜ࡢ᩿㠃ᙧ≧ኚࡘ࠸࡚ࡢࡳ㸪Kouchi ࡽ 71㸧ࡢィ ⤖ᯝẚ㍑ࡋࡓ㸬 (1)ඛ⾜◊✲ࡢᴫせ 㸺᪉ἲ㸼 Kouchi ࡽࡣ㸪㏱᫂࡞Ṍ⾜㊰ࣁࢫࣆ࣮ࢻ࣓࢝ࣛࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪㟼Ṇ❧ྑ㊊⾲㠃ୖ ᘬ࠸ࡓ 4 ᮏࡢ⥺ࢆ㸪㊊⏥ഃࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ㸪㊊ࡽࡶࢫࢸࣞ࢜ィ ࡋ㸪Ṍ⾜୰ࡢ᩿㠃ᙧ≧ࢆ ィ ࡋࡓ㸬ィ 㒊ࡣ㸪 ➨୍୰㊊㦵㦵㢌➨୰㊊㦵㦵㢌ࢆ㏻ࡿ᩿㠃㸦Foprefoot-CS㸧 㸪㊊ 㛗ࡢ 50㸣Ⅼ⨨ࡢ᩿㠃㸦Instep-CS㸧 㸪⯚≧㦵ࡢ᭱✺ฟⅬࢆ㏻ࡿ᩿㠃㸦Navicular-CS㸧 㸪እᯝⅬ ᚋ᪉Ⅼࢆ㏻ࡿ᩿㠃㸦Heel-CS㸧ࡢ 4 㒊࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 㸺⤖ᯝ㸼 ࣇࢵࢺࣇࣛࢵࢺࡽ㋖㞳ᆅࡅ࡚㸪Heel-CS Navicular-CS ࡣෆഃഴࡁ㸪Instep-CS ࡣᅇෆࡋ㸪 Foprefoot-CS ࡣᖹᆠ࡞ࡿ㸬 (2)ẚ㍑ ୖグࡢ⤖ᯝ〄㊊ࡢ㊊᩿㠃ᙧ≧ࡘ࠸࡚㸪ẚ㍑ࡋࡓ㸬ẚ㍑ࡋࡸࡍࡃࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪 Kouchi ࡽࡢᐃ⩏㏆࠸ᅗ 4-12 ࡢᗙᶆࢆ᪂ࡋࡃᐃ⩏ࡋ㸪ࣇࢵࢺࣇࣛࢵࢺ┦ᙜࡢṌ⾜࿘ᮇ 20㸣ࡽ㋖ 㞳ᆅ┦ᙜࡢṌ⾜࿘ᮇ 40㸣ࡲ࡛ࡢ᩿㠃ᙧ≧ࢆồࡵࡓ㸬ᗙᶆ⣔ࡣ㸪ᕥྑ᪉ྥ(y)㖄┤᪉ྥ(z)ࡣ ගᏛᘧືసィ ⨨㸦Vicon MX㸧ࡢᗙᶆ⣔➼ࡋࡃ㸪㊊㍈᪉ྥ(x)ࡣ㸪㋖Ⅼࡽ➨୍୰㊊㦵 㢌Ⅼ➨୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼࡢ୰Ⅼࢆ㏻ࡿ┤⥺ࡋࡓ㸬 ⤖ᯝࢆᅗ 4-13 ♧ࡍ㸬ඛ⾜◊✲ྠᵝ㸪ࣇࢵࢺࣇࣛࢵࢺ㸦Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 20㸣㸧ࡽ㋖㞳ᆅ ࡅ࡚㸪㊊ᅖ㒊࡛ࡣᖹᆠ࡞ࡾ㸪Instep-CS ㏆࠸ᴂ≧㦵㏆࡛ࡣ㸪ᅇෆࡋ㸪ෆഃ⛣ື ࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪Heel-CS ㏆࠸㋖㒊࡛ࡣ㸪ඛ⾜◊✲ྠᵝෆഃഴ࠸ࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡼࡾ㸪ᥦᡭ ἲࢆ⏝࠸ࡓィ ⤖ᯝඛ⾜◊✲ࡢィ ⤖ᯝࡣࡰ➼ࡋ࠸ࡇࡀࢃࡿ㸬 86 ➨ 4 ❶ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ ➨୰㊊㦵 㢌Ⅼ ㋖Ⅼ ㋖Ⅼ ᆅ㠃 ➨୍୰㊊㦵 㢌Ⅼ ➨୍୰㊊㦵 㢌Ⅼ ➨୰㊊㦵 㢌Ⅼࡢ ୰Ⅼ ᅗ 4-12 ᐃ⩏ࡋࡓᗙᶆ⣔ 㸸20% 㸸30% 㸸40% ͤ1┠┒10mm ㊊ᅖ㒊 ᴂ≧㦵Ⅼ ᅗ 4-13 ᩿㠃ᙧ≧㸦〄㊊Ṍ⾜㸧 ㋖㒊 87 ➨ 4 ❶ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ 㸲㸬፬ே㠐㛤Ⓨࡢᛂ⏝ ᐇ㝿ࡢ㠐㛤Ⓨ࠾ࡅࡿ㊊ኚᙧࡢᑐᛂ᪉ἲࡣ㸪㠐ᆺ࣭⣲ᮦ࣭ࢹࢨࣥ࡞ࡀὶ࡛࠶ ࡗࡓ㸬ᮏ❶࡛ࡣ㸪」ᩘ㡯┠ࢆྠィ ࡛ࡁࡿᥦᡭἲࡢ࣓ࣜࢵࢺࢆ⏕ࡋ࡚㸪࠶ࡿᮇ Ⓨ⏕ࡍࡿ」ᩘࡢ㒊ࡢኚᙧࢆ⏝ࡋࡓ㸪᪂ࡋ࠸㊊ኚᙧࡢᑐᛂ᪉ἲࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸬 㸲.㸯 ࣃࣥࣉࢫṌ⾜୰ࡢ㋖ࡎࢀ ᅗ 4-14 ࡢ፬ே㠐ࡢ௦⾲࡛࠶ࡿࣃࣥࣉࢫࡣ㸪⏥ࡢᅛᐃຊ㊊ࡼࡾ㸪㋖ࡀᣲୖࡍࡿࡇࡢ ᮇ㸪㋖ࡀ⬺ࡆࡸࡍࡃ࡞ࡿ㸬4.1 ⠇ࡢ㊊ኚᙧྠᮇࡢࣃࣥࣉࢫṌ⾜ࡢ⏬ീࢆᅗ 4-15 ♧ࡍ㸬ᅗ 4-15 ࡼࡾ㸪㋖ࡢࡎࢀࡣ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 40㸣࠶ࡓࡾࡢ㠐ࡢࣄ࣮ࣝඛ➃ࡀᆅ㠃ࡽ㞳ࢀࡿ ๓㉳ࡇࡾጞࡵ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 50㸣ࡽ 60㸣ࡢ㛫࡛ᴟ್ࢆྲྀࡿ㸬 ᮏ⠇࡛ࡣ㸪ࡇࡢ㋖ࡢࡎࢀᑐࡋ࡚㸪ྠᮇⓎ⏕ࡍࡿୖグࡢ㊊ኚᙧࣃࣥࣉࢫࡢ⏥ࡢὸ ࡉࢆ⏝ࡋࡓ㸪㋖ࡢࡎࢀ㍍ῶᶵᵓࡘ࠸࡚㏙ࡿ㸬 ࣃࣥࣉࢫ ᅗ 4-14 ࣃࣥࣉࢫ Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 40㸣 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ50㸣 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ60㸣 ᅗ 4-15 ࡎࢀࡢᵝᏊ 88 ➨ 4 ❶ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ 㸲.㸰 ㋖㞳ᆅࡢ㊊ኚᙧ ㋖㞳ᆅ㸦Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 40㸣㸧㏆࡛ࡣ㸪≉ᚩⓗ࡞㊊ኚᙧࡀ㉳ࡇࡿ㸬ᅗ 4-16a ࡢࡼ࠺㸪୰㊊ 㒊᩿㠃࡛ࡣ㸪㋖㞳ᆅ᭱ࡶෆഃ✺ฟࡍࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡣ㸪㊊㍈୰㊊㒊㛫ࡢືࡁࡽࡶ☜ㄆ ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬 ㋖ⅬࢆཎⅬࡋ㸪➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ➨୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼࡢ୰Ⅼࢆ⤖ࡪ┤⥺ࢆ x ㍈㸦ᅇෆእ㸧 㸪 x ㍈➨୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼࡽ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼࡢ┤⥺ࡢእ✚ࢆ z ㍈㸦ෆእ㌿㸧 㸪z ㍈ x ㍈ࡢእ ✚ࢆ y ㍈㸦ᒅఙ㸧ᐃ⩏ࡋࡓࡁࡢ㸪୰㊊㒊ࡢ㊊ᗙᶆ⣔ࡽࡢᅇෆእ᪉ྥෆእ㌿᪉ྥࡢ ゅᗘኚࢆᅗ 4-16b ♧ࡍ㸬 〄㊊࡛ࡣ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 0㸣ࡽ 40㸣ࡅ࡚⦆ࡸᅇෆࡋ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 40㸣࡛᭱ࡶᅇෆ ࡋ㸪ࡑࡢᚋࡁࡃᅇእࡋࡓ㸬୰ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐࡛ࡣ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 10㸣ࡽṌ⾜࿘ᮇ 40㸣ࡲ࡛⦆ࡸ ᅇෆࡋ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 45㸣㏆࡛᭱ࡶᅇෆࡋ㸪ࡑࡢᚋ㸪ᅇእࡋࡓ㸬ኚഴྥࡣ㸪〄㊊ ࡰྠࡌ࡛㸪〄㊊ẚ㍑ࡍࡿ㸪Ṍ⾜ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ᖖ 10°⛬ᗘᅇෆࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ㸬㧗ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐 ࡛ࡣ㸪୰ࣄ࣮࣭ࣝ〄㊊ࡰྠࡌഴྥ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ᖖ〄㊊ࡽ 5°⛬ᗘᅇෆࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ㸬 ࡲࡓ㸪ᅗ 4-16c ࡢࡼ࠺㸪୰㊊㒊ࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ㸪๓㊊㒊≉㊊ᅖ㒊࡛ࡶኚࡀࡁ࠸㸬ᅗ 4-16d 㟼Ṇ❧ࢆᇶ‽ࡋࡓ㊊ᅖኚ㔞ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬㊊ᅖࡣ㸪᥋ᆅ┤ᚋᛴ⃭ቑຍࡋ㸪ࡑ ࡢᚋ୍ᐃ࡛㸪య㔜ࡀ๓ࡾጞࡵࡿṌ⾜࿘ᮇ 30㸣࠶ࡓࡾ࡛ࡧቑຍࡋ㸪㋖㞳ᆅᚋࡢṌ⾜ ࿘ᮇ 50㸣⛬ᗘ࡛᭱࡞ࡗࡓ㸬᭱ቑຍ㔞ࡣ㸪4 mm ⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬 89 ➨ 4 ❶ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ 㸸0% 㸸20% 㸸40% 㸸60% ←ᑠᣦഃ ẕᣦഃ→ ෆ㌿→ a. ୰㊊㒊㸦ᴂ≧㦵㸧ࡢ᩿㠃ᙧ≧ኚ㸦୰ࣄ࣮ࣝ╔⏝㸧 ←እ㌿ [deg] እ㌿ ୰㊊㒊ᗙᶆ⣔ ㊊㍈ ᗙᶆ⣔ ෆ㌿ 2 0 0 -2 20 40 60 -4 -6 㸸6ྡࡢᖹᆒ 㸸ᖹᆒsσ b. ୰㊊㒊㸦ᴂ≧㦵㸧ࡢ᩿㠃ᙧ≧ኚ㸦୰ࣄ࣮ࣝ╔⏝㸧 ఙࡧ ᇶ‽ ㊊ᅖ㒊 ⦰ࡳ Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ20% 40% 30% 㸦ᇶ‽㸧 㟼Ṇ❧ࢆᇶ‽ࡋࡓ ㊊ᅖኚ [mm] c. Ṍ⾜୰ࡢ㊊⾲㠃ఙ⦰ศᕸ 10 0 0 -10 20 40 60 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ[%] d.㊊ᅖ㒊ኚ ᅗ 4-16 ㋖㞳ᆅࡢ௦⾲ⓗ࡞㊊ኚᙧ 50% 60% 90 ➨ 4 ❶ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ ୖ᪉ྥࡢᦶ᧿ຊ࣭ᑠ 㠐ࡢᢲࡋࡅຊ࣭ᑠ 㝽㛫Ⓨ⏕ 㝽㛫Ⓨ⏕ ๛ᛶ࣭ᑠ ᒚࡁཱྀࡢ 㛤ࡁ ㊊᩿㠃 పୗ ✺ฟ ᑠᣦഃ ẕᣦഃ a. ୰㊊㒊࡛ࡢኚᙧ ㊊᩿㠃 ẕᣦഃ ᑠᣦഃ b. ㋖㏆࡛ࡢኚᙧ ᅗ 4-17 ࡎࢀࡢཎᅉ 㸲.㸱 ፬ே㠐ࡢ㋖ࡎࢀ㍍ῶ᪉ἲ ᅗ 4-17 ㋖ࡢࡎࢀࡢせᅉࢆ♧ࡍ㸬㋖ࡢࡎࢀࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࡿṌ⾜࿘ᮇ 40㸣࡛ࡣ㸪㊊࣮ࢳࡢప ୗࡼࡗ࡚㸪ᅗ 4-16 ♧ࡋࡓࡼ࠺⯚≧㦵㏆ࡢ㧗ࡉࡀపୗࡍࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪ẕᣦഃࡢᒚ ࡁཱྀࡀ㸪Ṍ⾜୰ᢲࡋᗈࡆࡽࢀ㸪ୖ᪉ྥࡢᅛᐃຊࡀᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᑠᣦഃ࡛ࡣ㸪ᒚ ࡁཱྀࡀᗈࡀࡿ㸬௨ୖࡼࡾ㸪⏥ࡢὸ࠸ࣃࣥࣉࢫ࡛ࡣ㸪ඖࠎᗈࡃ㸪๛ᛶࡢప࠸㒊ࡢᒚࡁཱྀࡀ ㊊ኚᙧࡼࡗ࡚ᗈࡀࡾ㸪ᢲࡋࡅຊࡀᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡾ㸪ࡎࢀࡀⓎ⏕ࡋࡸࡍࡃ࡞ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬 ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪ࡎࢀࢆపῶࡍࡿࡣ㸪㠐ࡢᢲࡋࡅຊࢆ㧗ࡵࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪㋖ࡣ๓᪉ 㒊ᑐࡋ࡚ᅇእࡋ࡞ࡀࡽᣲୖࡍࡿ 72㸧ࡓࡵ㸪ẕᣦഃᒚࡁཱྀࡽࡎࢀࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࡿࡇࡀணࡉ ࢀࡿ㸬୍᪉㸪ᑠᣦഃ࡛ࡣ㸪㊊㠐ࡀ㋖㒊࡛᥋ゐࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪㋖ᣲୖᒚࡁཱྀ➃ᘬࡗ ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ㧗࠸㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪ࡎࢀࢆ㍍ῶࡍࡿࡣ㸪≉㸪ẕᣦഃࡢ㠐ࡢᢲࡋࡅຊࢆ㧗ࡵ ࡿࡇࡀ᭷ຠ࡛࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬 ୍᪉࡛㸪ࣃࣥࣉࢫࡣ⏥ࡢὸࡉࡀࢹࢨࣥୖࡢ≉ᚩ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ከࡃࡢዪᛶࡣࢹࢨࣥࢆᇶ‽ 㠐ࢆ㑅ࡪᶵࡀከ࠸ 10,73-76㸧 ࡓࡵ㸪⏥ࢆ῝ࡃࡍࡿࡇࡸࢫࢺࣛࢵࣉࢆ᪂ࡋࡃྲྀࡾࡅࡿ࡞ ࡢࢹࢨࣥ㠃࡛ࡢኚ᭦ࡣᮃࡲࡋࡃ࡞࠸㸬⏥ࡀὸ࠸࠸࠺ࣃࣥࣉࢫࡢ≉ᚩࢆ⥔ᣢࡋ㸪㠐ࡢ ᢲࡋࡅຊࢆྥୖࡉࡏࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡑࡇ࡛㸪ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪⏥ࡢὸࡉࢆ⥔ᣢࡋࡓࡲࡲ㸪㠐 ࡢᢲࡋࡅຊࢆྥୖࡉࡏࡿ᪉ἲࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓ㸬 ᒚࡁཱྀࢆ⥾ࡵࡿࡓࡵ㸪࠶ࡽࡌࡵ㠐ᒚࡁཱྀᖜࢆᑠࡉࡃࡍࡿࡇࡸ㸪ᅗ 4-18a ࡢࡼ࠺㸪 ࣄ࣮ࣝ࢝࢘ࣥࢱ࣮ࢆ㏻ᖖࡼࡾ㛗ࡃࡋ࡚㸪⯚≧㦵㏆࡛ࡢᢲࡋࡅຊࢆࡁࡃࡍࡿࡇࡶ⪃ ࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡋࡋ㸪ࡇࢀࡽࡢ᪉ἲ࡛ࡣ㸪ᖖᒚࡁཱྀᖜࡀ⊃ࡲࡿࡓࡵ㸪㊊ධࢀࡀᅔ㞴࡞ࡾ㸪 91 ➨ 4 ❶ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ ⯚≧㦵㏆࡛ࡢ✺ฟ ᘏ㛗ࡋࡓ ࣄ࣮ࣝ࢝࢘ࣥࢱ࣮ ᖹ⾜⛣ື ᚑ᮶ 㸸ኚᙧ๓ D㸬ࣄ࣮ࣝ࢝࢘ࣥࢱ࣮ 㸸ኚᙧᚋ E㸬ᙉࣛࣥ ᅗ 4-18 ࡎࢀࡢᑐ⟇ ᒚࡁཱྀࡢᢲࡋࡅ ㊊㍈ ᕪ⨨ ㊊ᅖቑຍࡼࡿᘬࡁ⥾ࡵ ᅗ 4-19 α ≧ࣛࣥ ᒚࡁཱྀࡢ㊊ࡢ㣗࠸㎸ࡳ࡞ࡢၥ㢟ࡀ⏕ࡌࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᒚࡁཱྀࡢኚᙧࢆᑠࡉࡃࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪 ᅗ 4-18b ࡢࡼ࠺ᒚࡁཱྀࡀఙࡧ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺ࡋࡓሙྜࡣ㸪ᅗ 4-18b ࡢࡼ࠺ᑠᣦഃᒚࡁཱྀ 㝽㛫ࡀ࠶ࡿࡓࡵ㸪ẕᣦഃᒚࡁཱྀࡀᖹ⾜⛣ືࡍࡿࡔࡅ࡛㸪ᢲࡋࡅຊࡢቑຍࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸㸬 Ṍ⾜୰ᒚࡁཱྀࢆ⥾ࡵ㸪⭜㠉ࡢᢲࡋࡅᅽࢆቑࡉࡏࡿࡣ㸪ࡎࢀⓎ⏕ྠᮇ㉳ࡇ ࡿ㊊ᅖࡢኚᙧࢆ⏝ࡍࡿࡇࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ㸪ᅗ 4-19 ࡢࡼ࠺ẕᣦഃᒚࡁཱྀᑠ ᣦഃ㊊ᅖ㒊࠾ࡼࡧᑠᣦഃᒚࡁཱྀẕᣦഃ㊊ᅖ㒊⣣ࢆ㏻ࡋ㸪㊊ᅖቑຍࢆ⏝ࡋ࡚ᒚࡁཱྀ࿘ ࡾࡢ⣣ࢆᘬࡁ㎸ࡵࡤ㸪ᒚࡁཱྀ࿘ࡾࡢ⣣ᙇຊࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࡿ㸬ࡇࡢᙇຊࡣ㸪ẕᣦഃ⯚≧㦵㒊࡛ ᢲࡋࡅຊࢆⓎ⏕ࡍࡿࡇࡀᮇᚅ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬 92 ➨ 4 ❶ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ 㸲.㸲 ヨస ᅗ 4-20 ヨసࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ࢧࢬࡀ 22.5 cm㸪࢘ࢬࡣ EE㸪ࣄ࣮ࣝ㧗ࡉࡣ 30 mm ࡋࡓ㸬ࣛ ࣥࡣ㸪ᅗ 4-20 ࡢࡼ࠺➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌㒊➨୰㊊㦵㢌ࢆᅛᐃ➃ࡋ㸪2 ࡘࡢᅛᐃ➃ࡽ ┤⥺ⓗ⏥ࡲ࡛❧ࡕୖࡆ㸪ᒚࡁཱྀࢆ୍࿘ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬α ≧㐃⤖ࡍࡿࡣ㸪ᒚࡁཱྀ๓᪉࡛ࣛ ࣥࢆᕪࡉࡏࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪ᅽ㏕ឤࢆ⏕ࡌࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪㊊ᅖ㒊ࡀ㊊㍈ᑐ ࡋ࡚ᖹᆒ࡛ 76°⛬ᗘഴ࠸࡚࠸ࡿ 77㸧 ࡇࢆ⏝ࡋ㸪ᕪ⨨ࢆ⏥㠉ࡢవ⿱ࡀ࠶ࡿᑠᣦഃ 㓄⨨ࡍࡿࡇ࡛㸪⏥㒊ࡢ㐪ឤࢆ࡞ࡃࡋࡓ㸬 ᐇ㝿ࡢࣛࣥࡣ㸪➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌㸫ᑠᣦഃᒚࡁཱྀ㸫㋖ࢆ㏻ࡿࣛࣥ➨୰㊊㦵㢌㸫ẕᣦ ഃᒚࡁཱྀ㸫㋖ࢆ㏻ࡿࣛࣥࡢ 2 ᮏࡽ࡞ࡾ㸪㸰ᮏࡢࣛࣥ➃ࡀඹ㋖㒊ࡢࣁࢺ࣓ࡽ㠐እ 㟢ฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࣛࣥᮦࡣ φ0.6 mm ࡢࣔ࢝⣒࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࣔ࢝⣒ࡣ㸪㠐ࡢ⦭〇ࢃࢀ㸪ᙉ 㠌࡛ఙࡧࡃࡃ㸪ࡾࡸࡍ࠸㸬ࣛࣥ➃ࢆ㋖㒊࡛㥖⤖ࡧࡋᅛᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡛㸪㸯ᮏࡢࣛࣥ ࡋࡓ㸬ᮏ᮶㸪ࣛࣥ㛗ࡢㄪ⠇┠ⓗ࡛ࣛࣥ➃ࢆ㟢ฟࡉࡏࡓࡀ㸪㠐ࡀ◳࠸ࡓࡵ㸪ࣛࣥ㛗 ࡢㄪ⠇ࡣྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪㠐ࡢኚᙧࢆጉࡆ࡞࠸⛬ᗘ㋖㒊࡛ᅛᐃࡋ㸪⏝ࡋࡓ㸬 㠐ࡢ⾲㠉㠉ࡢ㛫ࡣ㸪ⷧ࠸㠉࡛࡛ࡁࡓㄏᑟ㊰ࢆ㓄⨨ࡋ㸪ࡇࡢ୰ࣛࣥࢆ㏻ࡋࡓ㸬 ㄏᑟ㊰ࡣ㠉࣑ࢩ࡛ࣥ⦭࠸ࡅࡽࢀ㸪⾲㠉㠉ࡢ㛫ࡣ㸪㏻ᖖࡢࣃࣥࣉࢫྠᵝ᥋ ╔࡛ᅛᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬࡞࠾㸪ࣄ࣮ࣝ࢝࢘ࣥࢱ࣮ࡣຠᯝࢆᚓࡸࡍࡃࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ᅗ 4-21 ࡢࡼ ࠺㏻ᖖࡼࡾࡶ▷ࡵ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᒚࡁཱྀࡢᑍἲࢆᅗ㸲-22 ♧ࡍ㸬 ㄏᑟ㊰ ⏥⾲ᗏࡢ 㛫ᅛᐃ ┤⥺ⓗ࡞ࣛࣥ ➨୍୰㊊㦵㢌㸦ᅛᐃ➃㸧 ㋖㒊ࡽࣛࣥ➃ࡢ㟢ฟ ᅗ ۑヨసእほ ᅗ 4-20 ヨస㠐 ➨୰㊊㦵㢌Ⅼ┦ᙜ 30 mm ࣄ࣮ࣝ࢝࢘ࣥ ࢱ࣮ 173 mm a. ヨస b. ᚑ᮶ ᅗ࣮ࢱ࣮ࣥ࢘࢝ࣝࣄۑ ࣄ࣮ࣝ࢝࢘ࣥࢱ࣮ ᅗ 4-21 61 mm 31 mm ᅗ ᅗۑ 4-22 ᑍἲ ᑍἲ 93 ➨ 4 ❶ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ 㸲.㸳 ホ౯ 㸲.㸳.㸯 ᅛᐃຊቑຍࡢ☜ㄆ (1) ┠ⓗ ⣣ࡼࡿᒚࡁཱྀࡢ⥾ࡵࡅຠᯝࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ヨస㠐ࡢ⣣ࢆᅛᐃࡋࡓሙྜ㸦ᅛᐃ࠶ ࡾ㸧⮬⏤ᘬࡁ㎸ࡲࢀࡿࡼ࠺ࡋࡓሙྜ㸦ᅛᐃ࡞ࡋ㸧ࡘ࠸࡚㸪Ṍ⾜୰ࡢ㊊㠐㛫ᅽຊኚ 㠐ᒅ᭤ゅᗘࢆィ ࡋࡓ㸬࡞࠾㸪ᅛᐃ࠶ࡾࡣ㸪㠀╔⏝ 2 ᮏࡢࣛࣥ➃ࢆ㠐ࡀኚᙧࡋ ࡞࠸⛬ᗘᅛ⤖ࡧࡋ㸪ࡉࡽ୍㔜⤖ࡧࢆࡋࡓ㸬Ṍ⾜୰⦆ࡳࡀ࡞࠸ࢆẖヨ⾜ࡈ☜ㄆ ࡋ㸪⦆ࡳࡀ࠶ࡗࡓሙྜࡣ㸪ᗘ⤖ࡧ┤ࡋࡓ㸬 (2) ⿕㦂⪅ ⿕㦂⪅ࡣ㸪⾲ 4-2 ࡢᡂேዪᛶ 3 ྡ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬㠐㊊ࡢࢧࢬࡀྜࢃ࡞࠸ሙྜࡣ㸪๓㊊㒊ࡢ ࡳ୰ᩜࢆᩜࡁ㸪㐺ྜឤࢆྥୖࡉࡏࡓ㸬 (3) ᪉ἲ ㊊㠐㛫ᅽຊࡣ㸪ᅗ 4-23 ࡢࡼ࠺㸪┤ᚄ 6 mm㸪ཌࡉ 1.5 mm ࡢᅽຊィ㸦ඹ㟁ᴗ㸸PS-5KA㸧 ࢆ⯚≧㦵ୗ㒊㈞ࡾࡅィ ࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪㠐ୖ㈞ࡾࡅࡓᶆⅬ್ࢆගᏛᘧືసィ ⨨㸦Vicon MX㸧࡛ィ ࡋࡓ㸬⿕㦂⪅ࡣ㸪7m ࡢṌ⾜㊰ୖࢆ⮬⏤Ṍ⾜ࡉࡏ㸪4 Ṍ┠ࡢྑ㊊㋖ ᥋ᆅᚋࡽ 6 Ṍ┠ࡢྑ㊊㋖᥋ᆅࡲ࡛ィ ࡋࡓ㸬ィ ࡋࡓࢹ࣮ࢱࡣ 10Hz ࡛ᖹࡋ㸪ᶆⅬ ⨨ࡽᅗ 4-24a ᐃ⩏ࡉࢀࡿṌ⾜୰ࡢ㠐ᒅ᭤ゅᗘࢆồࡵࡓ㸬 ࡲࡓ㸪⾲ 4-2 ࡢᡂேዪᛶ 2 ྡ㸦B㸪C㸧ࡘ࠸࡚㸪ᅛᐃ࠶ࡾࡢẕᣦഃ࡛ࡢ᥋ゐ㒊ࢆィ ࡋ㸪᥋ゐ㠃✚ࢆᴫ⟬ࡋࡓ㸬 ⾲ 4-2 ⿕㦂⪅≉ᛶ ⿕㦂⪅ A B C ㊊㛗 217 218 224 ㊊ᑍἲ[mm] ㊊ᅖ ㊊ᖜ 215 92 218 94 229 97 ㋖ᖜ 61 59 62 94 ➨ 4 ❶ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ ⿕㦂⪅ࡢ㊊ࣁࣥࢻࢡ࣮࣒ࣜࢆሬࡾ㸪Ἔࡾ⣬ࢆ㠐ෆഃ㠃㈞ࡾࡅࡓ㠐ࢆ╔⏝ࡉࡏ㸪 ᩘṌ⮬⏤Ṍ⾜ࡉࡏࡓ㸬Ἔࡾ⣬ࡣ㸪㋖ࡽ 10 mm 150 mm㸦➨୰㊊㦵㢌┤๓㏆㸧ࡢ 㛫㈞ࡾࡅࡓ㸬Ἔࡾ⣬ࡣ㸪ࣁࣥࢻࢡ࣮࣒ࣜྵࡲࢀࡿἜศ࡛ⓎⰍࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ⓎⰍࡋࡓ 㒊ศࢆṌ⾜୰ࡢ㊊㠐ࡢ᥋ゐ㒊ࡋࡓ㸬ᐇ㦂ᚋ㸪Ἔࡾ⣬ࢆྎ⣬㈞ࡾࡅ㸪ࢫ࢟ࣕࢼ ࡛ PC ㄞࡳ㎸ࡳ㸪⏬ീ⦅㞟ࢯࣇࢺࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪Ἔࡾ⣬ࡢኚⰍ๓ࡢⰍㄪ㒊ࢆྲྀࡾ㝖࠸ࡓ㸬 (4) ⤖ᯝ ᅽຊࡢィ ࢆᅗ 4-23c㸪㠐ᒅ᭤ゅᗘࡢ⿕㦂⪅ᖹᆒࢆᅗ 4-24b ♧ࡍ㸬ᅽຊࡣ㸪ࡎࢀࡀ Ⓨ⏕ࡋጞࡵࡿṌ⾜࿘ᮇ 40㸣⛬ᗘࡽቑຍࡋጞࡵ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 50㸣࡛᭱࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪㠐 ᒅ᭤ゅᗘࡣ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 40㸣⛬ᗘࡽᅛᐃ࠶ࡾ࡛ᅛᐃ࡞ࡋࡼࡾࡶࡁࡃ࡞ࡾ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 50㸣 ࡛ࡣ 2.5°ࡁࡃ࡞ࡗࡓ㸬࡞࠾㸪㠐ࡢᒚࡁཱྀኚᙧ㔞ࡣ㸪2 ᮲௳࡛ᕪࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓ㸬௨ୖ ࡼࡾ㸪ᅛᐃ࠶ࡾ࡛ࡣ㸪ᢲࡋࡅຊࡀቑຍࡋ㸪㊊㠐ࡀ㏣ᚑࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠸࠼ࡿ㸬 ᅽຊィ 60 ȭ6 mm ᅽຊィ ⨨ 90 mm ᅽຊ [kPa] t:0.6 mm ᅛᐃ࡞ࡋ 20 0 -20 ⯚≧㦵ୗ㒊 ᅛᐃ࠶ࡾ 40 0 20 40 60 80 100 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ [㸣] a㸬ᅽຊィ⨨ c㸬ィ b㸬㈞ࡾࡅࡢᵝᏊ ㋖୰ኸⅬ (+) ᒚࡁཱྀ୰ኸⅬ ∎ඛⅬ a㸬㠐ᒅ᭤ゅᗘ 㠐ᒅ᭤ゅᗘ [deg] ㊊㠐㛫ᅽຊࡢィ ᅗᅗ㸲40 4-23 ㊊㠐㛫ᅽຊࡢィ 40 ᅛᐃ࡞ࡋ 30 ᅛᐃ࠶ࡾ 20 10 2.5r 16 0 -1010 20 30 40 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ [㸣] b㸬⤖ᯝ ᅗ 4-24 㠐ᒅ᭤ゅᗘࡢィ 50 60 95 ➨ 4 ❶ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ ࡲࡓ㸪᥋ゐ㠃✚ࡢィ ⤖ᯝࢆᅗ 4-25 ♧ࡍ㸬⿕㦂⪅ࡈ᥋ゐ㒊ࡀ␗࡞ࡗࡓࡀ㸪⯚≧ 㦵ࢆ୰ᚰࡋࡓ㊊㍈᪉ྥ⣙ 40 mm ࡢ⠊ᅖᒚࡁཱྀୖ➃ࡽ⣙ 15 mm ୗࡢ⠊ᅖࡣ㸪୧⿕㦂⪅ ࡶ᥋ゐࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪᭱ᑠ᥋ゐ㠃✚ࡣ 40×15 mm2 ࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࡢ㠃✚࡛㸪ᅽຊࡀᅗ 4-23c ࡢᅛᐃ࠶ࡾࡽᅛᐃ࡞ࡋࢆᘬ࠸ࡓศࡔࡅቑຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡍࡿ㸪ᦶ᧿ಀᩘ 0.5 ࡢࡁ ࡢヨస㠐╔⏝ࡢṌ⾜୰ࡢᦶ᧿ຊቑຍ㔞ࡣ㸪ᅗ 4-26 ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡿ᥎ᐃࡉࢀࡿ㸬 150 mm 10 mm ୗ➃ ୖ➃ ྠ୍⿕㦂⪅ ୗ➃ ᅛᐃ࠶ࡾ ୖ➃ 8 ⯚≧㦵㒊 6 ຊ [N] ᅛᐃ࡞ࡋ ୗ➃ ู⿕㦂⪅ ᅛᐃ࠶ࡾ ୖ➃ ᅗ 4-25 ᥋ゐ㠃✚ ⣙15 mm ⣙40 mm 4 2 0 -2 10 20 30 40 50 60 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ [㸣] ᅗ 4-26 ᦶ᧿ຊቑຍ㔞 96 ➨ 4 ❶ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ 㸲.㸳.㸰 ࣛࣥࡼࡿᅛᐃຊ㠐ࡢᒅ᭤◳ࡉࡢ㛵ಀ (1) ᪉ἲ ᅗ 4-26 ࡢᦶ᧿ຊቑຍ㔞ࡼࡾࡶ㠐ࡢᒅ᭤ᚲせ࡞ຊࡀᑠࡉࡅࢀࡤ㸪ࣛࣥࡼࡿᦶ᧿ຊቑ ຍศ࡛㠐ࢆࡼࡾᒅ᭤ࡉࡏ㸪ࡎࢀࢆ㍍ῶ࡛ࡁࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪ࣃࣥࣉࢫࡢᒅ᭤๛ ᛶࢆィ ࡋࡓ㸬 ᅗ 4-27a ࡢࡼ࠺㋖ࡽỈᖹ㠃ୖ 120 mm ࡢ⨨࡛ࣃࣥࣉࢫ๓᪉㒊ࢆᅛᐃࡋ㸪ࣄ࣮ࣝ㒊 ୰ኸࢆᢲࡋ㎸ࡳ◳ࡉィ㸦≉Ṧィ 㸸TK03C㸪ᅗ 4-29㸧࡛ࣄ࣮ࣝᗏᑐࡋ࡚ᆶ┤ᢲࡋࡓ ࡁࡢⲴ㔜ࢆィ ࡋࡓ㸬ኚࡣ㸪ᅗ 4-28 ࡢ㛗ࡉኚィ ჾ 78㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪ࣄ࣮ࣝ㒊ࢸ࣮ࣉඛ ➃ࢆᅛᐃࡋ࡚ィ ࡋࡓ㸬ᚓࡽࢀࡓኚࡣ㸪ᅗ 4-29a ࡢࡼ࠺ᅛᐃ୰ᚰⅬ㋖Ⅼࡢ⨨ࡼࡾ㠐 ᗏゅᗘ⟬ࡋࡓ㸬ヨ⾜ᅇᩘࡣ 5 ᅇ㸪ࢧࣥࣉࣜࣥࢢ࿘Ἴᩘࡣ 100 Hz ࡋࡓ㸬 40 Ⲵ㔜 [N] ኚ Ⲵ㔜 ゅᗘ ᅛᐃྎ 1.1 N 20 12 2.5r 0 0 16 120 mm 20 40 ゅᗘ [deg] b㸬⤖ᯝ a㸬ィ ᪉ἲ ᅗ 4-27 㠐ࡢᒅ᭤๛ᛶ ࢸࢢࢫ ࣉ࣮ࣜ ࣏ࢸࣥࢩࣙ ࣓࣮ࢱ Ⲵ㔜ィෆⶶ ȭ12mm ᢲࡋ㎸ࡳᲬ ㄏᑟࢳ࣮ࣗࣈ ࢦ࣒ ᥋⥆Ⅼ ᅗ 4-28 㛗ࡉኚィ ჾ ㉳Ⅼᯈ ᅗ 4-29 ᢲࡋ㎸ࡳ◳ࡉィ 97 ➨ 4 ❶ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ (2) ⤖ᯝ ᅗ 4-27b 㸪5 ᅇศࡢ⤖ᯝࢆ᭱ᑠἲ࡛ 3 ḟᘧ㏆ఝࡋࡓ㸦R2 = 0.9774㸧⤖ᯝࢆ♧ࡍ㸬 ࡇࢀ㸪ᅗ 4-24b ࡢ㠐ᒅ᭤ゅᗘࢆᑐᛂࡉࡏࡿ㸪࠼ࡤ㸪ᅛᐃ࠶ࡾࡢṌ⾜࿘ᮇ 50㸣࠾ ࡅࡿ㠐ᒅ᭤ゅᗘ 16°ᚲせ࡞ຊࡣ 12 N ࡞ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡼ࠺ࡋ࡚㸪ᅛᐃ࠶ࡾᒅ᭤Ⲵ㔜ࡽ ᅛᐃ࡞ࡋᒅ᭤Ⲵ㔜ࢆᘬ࠸ࡓ್࡛ᚲせᅛᐃຊࢆᐃ⩏ࡍࡿ㸪ᅗ 4-30 ࡢ◚⥺ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡾ㸪 ᅛᐃ࠶ࡾ࡛ࡣ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 40㸣ࡽ 50㸣࡛ᚲせᅛᐃຊ௨ୖࡢᦶ᧿ຊࡀⓎ⏕ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀࢃ ࡿࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪ヨస㠐࡛ࡣ㸪ࣛࣥࡼࡾẕᣦഃࡢᦶ᧿ຊࡀቑຍࡋ㸪ࡑࢀక࠸㠐ࡀ㊊ࡢ ືࡁ㏣ᚑࡋ㸪ࡎࢀࢆ㍍ῶ࡛ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬 8 ຊ [N] 6 4 2 0 -2 10 20 30 40 50 60 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ [㸣] 㸸ᦶ᧿ຊቑຍ㔞 㸸ᚲせᅛᐃຊ ᅗ 4-30 ᚲせᅛᐃຊࡢ㛵ಀ 98 ➨ 4 ❶ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ 㸲.㸳.㸱 ㋖ࡢࡎࢀࡢホ౯ (1) ┠ⓗ ᶵᵓࢆෆໟࡋࡓヨస㠐࡛㋖ࡢࡎࢀ㔞ࡀ㍍ῶࡍࡿࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪⣣ࢆᅛᐃࡋࡓヨస㠐 ࣛࣥ࡞ࡋࡢྠᆺࡢࣃࣥࣉࢫ㸦ࢧࢬ㸸22.5 cm㸪࢘ࢬ㸸EE㸪ࣄ࣮ࣝ㧗ࡉ㸸30 mm㸧 ࡘ࠸࡚㋖ࡢࡎࢀ㔞ࢆィ ࡋࡓ㸬 (2) ⿕㦂⪅ ⿕㦂⪅ࡣ㸪⾲ 4-3 ࡢᡂேዪᛶ 9 ྡ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬㠐㊊ࡢࢧࢬࡀྜࢃ࡞࠸ሙྜࡣ㸪๓㊊㒊ࡢ ࡳ୰ᩜࢆᩜࡁ㸪㐺ྜឤࢆྥୖࡉࡏࡓ㸬࡞࠾㸪ᕥྑ࡛㊊ᆺࡀࡁࡃ␗࡞ࡿ⿕㦂⪅ H ࡢࡳ㸪ᕥ ㊊ࡶィ ࡋࡓ㸬 ⿕㦂⪅㊊ᑍἲ [mm] ⾲⾲4-2 4-3 ⿕㦂⪅㊊ᑍἲ [mm] A B C D E F G H(ྑ) H(ᕥ) I ㊊㛗 217 218 218 218 220 222 224 226 226 226 ㊊ᅖ 215 196 218 224 210 210 229 212 208 224 ㊊ᖜ 92 87 94 92 91 89 97 88 90 94 ㋖ᖜ 61 55 59 59 54 57 62 56 60 60 ୰ᩜࡢཌࡉ 2.00 3.00 1.40 3.00 3.00 䛺䛧 䛺䛧 (1)ヨ䠖1.4䠈ᚑ䠖2.1䠈(2)1.4 1.40 䛺䛧 ╔⏝࣭ᶆⅬ㈞ࡾࡅ 5ศ Ṍ⾜㊰ ᐁ⬟᳨ᰝ 5ศ 㐃⥆Ṍ⾜ 5ศ Ṍ⾜ィ 7ศ ᐁ⬟᳨ᰝ 5ศ 㸦ࣃࣥࢳ࣮࢝࣌ࢵࢺ㸧 ィ ჾ ࣈࣜࢵࢪ ࣎ࢵࢡࢫ ືṍࣥࣉ 㧗㏿ࣅࢹ࣓࢜࢝ࣛ 5ศ ⤊㸦60ศ㸧 ᅗᅗ㸲 4-31ᐇ㦂ᡭ㡰 ᐇ㦂ᡭ㡰 ADኚ࣮࣎ࢻ ᅗ㸳 Vicon MX ᐇ㦂㢼ᬒ ᅗ 4-32 ᐇ㦂㢼ᬒ 99 㠀ఙ⦰ᛶࡢ⣒ ィ ࡉࢀࡿኚ ࡾࢇ㟷㖡ᯈ ୖୗ ࡎࢀ㔞 ࡦࡎࡳࢤ࣮ࢪ ⨨ ᅛᐃල 㠐ࣄ࣮ࣝ a. ࡎࢀ㔞ィ ჾ ึᮇࡽࡢኚ 㸦mm㸧 ➨ 4 ❶ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ b. ࡎࢀ㔞ࡢᐃ⩏ 25 25 20 20 15 15 10 10 5 0 y y=4.2512x-0.4169 = 4.2512x - 0.4169 r=0.999 00 22 44 㟁ᅽ㸦V㸧 6 6 c. ᰯṇ⤖ᯝ ᅗ 4-33 ィ ᶵ≉ᛶ (3) ᪉ἲ ィ ࡢᡭ㡰ࢆᅗ 4-31 㸪ᅗ 4-32 ᐇ㦂㢼ᬒࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ィ 㛫ࡣ୍ேᙜࡓࡾ⣙ 1 㛫࡛࠶ ࡗࡓ㸬⿕㦂⪅⣣ࢆᅛᐃࡋࡓヨస㠐㸦ᥦ㸧ヨస㠐ྠᆺࡢࣃࣥࣉࢫ㸦ᚑ᮶㸧ࡢ 2 ᮲௳ ࢆ╔⏝ࡉࡏࡓ㸬ィ ࡢ๓ィ ᑐ㇟㠐ࢆ╔⏝ࡋ㸪ᗯୗࢆ 5 ศ㛫㐃⥆࡛Ṍ⾜ࡉࡏ㸪㊊㠐ࢆ ࡞ࡌࡲࡏ࡚ࡽィ ࢆ㛤ጞࡋࡓ㸬⿕㦂⪅ࡢྑ㊊ᅗ 4-33 ࡢ㋖ࡎࢀ㔞ィ ჾࢆྲྀࡾࡅ㸪╔ ᆅࡽ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺ᗋࣃࣥࢳ࣮࢝࣌ࢵࢺ㸦ཌࡉ㸸2 mm㸧ࢆᩜ࠸ࡓ㛗 7 m ࡢṌ⾜㊰ୖ ࢆ⮬⏤Ṍ⾜ࡉࡏ㸪Ṍ⾜ࡀᏳᐃࡍࡿ 4 Ṍ┠ࡢ㋖᥋ᆅ㸦HC㸧Ⅼࡽ 6 Ṍ┠ࡢ HC ࡲ࡛ࡢ 1 ࿘ ᮇࢆィ ࡋࡓ㸬ヨ⾜ᅇᩘࡣ㸪1 ィ ࡈ 5 ᅇࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪Ṍ⾜ィ ࡢ๓㸪ᇶ‽ጼໃ ࡞ࡿ㟼Ṇ┤❧ࢆ 5 ⛊㛫ィ ࡋࡓ㸬 ㋖࡛ࡢୖୗࡎࢀࢆᐃ㔞ࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ᅗ 4-33a ࡢࡼ࠺࡞㸪ࡣࡾࡢඛ➃ࡓࢃࡳ㔞ࢆࡦࡎࡳࢤ ࣮ࢪ᳨࡛ฟࡍࡿኚィࢆ〇సࡋ㸪ࣃࣥࣉࢫ╔⏝ࡢ㋖ࡢୖ᪉ྥࡢࡎࢀ㔞ࢆィ ࡋࡓ㸬ࡣ ࡾࡣ㸪㛗ࡉ 80 mm㸪ᖜ 7.5 mm㸪ཌࡉ 0.8 mm ࡢࡾࢇ㟷㖡ᯈࢆ⏝ࡋ㸪ࡦࡎࡳࢤ࣮ࢪࢆࡣࡾ ࡢ୧㠃㈞ࡾࡅࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡼࡾ㸪25 mm ࡲ࡛ࡢኚィ ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡇࡢ⠊ᅖෆ࡛༑ 㸬ࡣࡾࡢୗ➃ࡣ㸪㠐ࡢࣄ࣮ࣝྲྀ ศ࡞⥺ᙧᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࡇࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓ㸦ᅗ 4-33c㸪R2 = 0.9994㸧 ࡅࡓཌࡉ 2 mm ࡢ⇕ྍረᛶᶞ⬡ᅛᐃࡋ㸪ࡣࡾࡢඛ➃⣒ࢆྲྀࡾࡅ࡚㋖Ⅼ⢓╔ࢸ࣮ࣉ ࡛ᅛᐃࡋࡓ㸬⣒ࡢືࡁࡣ㠐ෆ࡛ࡢ㊊ࡢࡾ㠐ࡢ㋖࿘ࡾࡢኚᙧࡶᙳ㡪ࡉࢀࡿࡀ㸪㠐ࡢ㋖ ୖ➃ࡽ㊊ࡢ㋖Ⅼࡲ࡛ࡢ⣒ࡢ㛗ࡉᑐࡋ࡚㸪ࡾࡼࡿ㊊ࡢ๓ᚋ᪉ྥࡢືࡁࡣᑠࡉࡃ㸪ⰺ ᮦࡢ࠶ࡿ㋖㒊ࡢኚᙧࡶ↓ど࡛ࡁࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪⣒ࡢᙇຊࡣ㊊㐠ືẚ࡚༑ศᑠࡉࡃ㸪Ṍ⾜୰ ࡢ㊊㋖㒊ࡢືࡁࢆጉࡆ࡞࠸㸬௨ୖࡼࡾ㸪ᅗ 4-33b ࡢࡼ࠺ࡣࡾࡢࡓࢃࡳ㔞࡛ィ ࡋࡓኚࢆ ㋖ࡢୖୗࡎࢀ㔞ࡋࡓ㸬 100 ➨ 4 ❶ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ ឤぬ ᑠ -3 ዲࡳ 0 3 ㋖ࡢࡎࢀឤ ᒚࡁཱྀഃ㠃 ࡢ⥾ࡵឤ ᎘ -3 ዲ 0 㸨 3 㸨 㸨 㸨 ᣦ㒊࡛ࡢᶓࡽ ࡢᅽ㏕ឤ : ᚑ᮶ss : ヨసss 㸨㸸p<0.05 ᅗ 4-34 ᐁ⬟᳨ᰝ⤖ᯝ Ṍ⾜ィ ⤊ᚋ㸪ࣁࢫࣆ࣮ࢻ࣓࢝ࣛ㸦FASTCAM-ultima㸸ࣇ࢛ࢺࣟࣥ㸪750 ࢥ࣐/sec㸧ࢆ ⏝࠸࡚Ṍ⾜୰ࡢࡎࢀࡢᵝᏊࢆᙳࡋࡓ㸬ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ㠐ࡢィ ⤊ᚋ㸪㋖ࡢࡎࢀឤ㸪ᒚࡁ ཱྀࡢ⥾ࡵឤ㸪ᣦ㒊ࡢᅽ㏕ឤࡘ࠸࡚ 7 ẁ㝵ࡢᐁ⬟᳨ᰝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬 (4) ⤖ᯝ 㸺ᐁ⬟᳨ᰝ㸼 ᅗ 4-34 ᐁ⬟᳨ᰝࡢ⤖ᯝࢆ♧ࡍ㸬࡞࠾㸪2 ⩌㛫ࡢẚ㍑ࡢࡓࡵ㸪Wilcoxon ᳨ᐃࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬 ࡇࢀࡼࡾ㸪㋖ࡢࡎࢀឤࡀῶᑡࡋ㸪ᒚࡁཱྀഃ㠃ࡢ⥾ࡵឤࡣࡁࡃ࡞ࡗࡓ㸬⪺ࡁྲྀࡾ࡛ࡣ㸪≉ ẕᣦഃ࡛⥾ࡵឤࡀࡁࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࡀ㸪⥾ࡵឤࡢቑຍࢆᛌឤࡌࡿࡇࡣ࡞ࡗࡓ㸬⣣ࡀ ㏻ࡿ୰㊊㦵㢌㒊࡛ࡢᅽ㏕ឤࡶᚑ᮶ኚࢃࡽ࡞ࡗࡓ㸬 ㋖ࡢࡎࢀឤᕪࡀぢࡽࢀ࡞࠸ᅇ⟅ࡋࡓࡢࡣ㸪⿕㦂⪅ 10 ୰ 4 㸦B㸪G㸪H ྑ㸪H ᕥ㸧 ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬⿕㦂⪅ G ࡣ㸪㏻ᖖ㠐╔⏝ࡎࢀឤࡀ࡞ࡗࡓࡓࡵ㸪ࡎࢀឤࡢᕪࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞ ࡗࡓ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡋࡋ㸪⪺ࡁྲྀࡾㄪᰝ࡛ࡣ㸪 ࠕ㠐ࡀ㊊ࡘ࠸࡚ࡃࡿࠖ࠸࠺ᅇ⟅ࡀᚓࡽ ࢀࡓࡓࡵ㸪ࣛࣥࡢຠᯝࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬⿕㦂⪅ H ྑࡣ㸪2 ᅇ┠ࡢᐁ⬟᳨ᰝ࡛ࡣ㸪ࡎ ࢀឤࡀῶᑡࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ㸬1 ᅇ┠ࡣヨస࡛ⷧ࠸୰ᩜࢆ⏝ࡋࡓࡓࡵ㸪ຠᯝࡀ࡞ࡗࡓࡀ㸪2 ᅇ┠ ࡣ㸪㏻ᖖヨస࡛୰ᩜࡢཌࡉࢆ⤫୍ࡋࡓࡓࡵ㸪ࣛࣥࡢຠᯝ࡛ࡎࢀឤᕪࡀぢࡽࢀࡓ⪃ ࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬⿕㦂⪅ B㸪H ᕥࡣᐁ⬟᳨ᰝ㸪⪺ࡁྲྀࡾㄪᰝࡽࡣຠᯝࡣ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡗࡓ㸬 101 ➨ 4 ❶ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ 㸺ࣁࢫࣆ࣮ࢻ࣓࢝ࣛ㸼 ᅗ 4-35 ࣁࢫࣆ࣮ࢻ࣓࢝ࣛࡢ⏬ീࡢィ ࢆ♧ࡍ 㸦⿕㦂⪅ F ࡢࡳᙳ࡞ࡋ㸧㸬 ࡇࢀࡼࡾ㸪 ヨస㏻ᖖ࡛ᕪࡀぢࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࡢࡣ㸪⿕㦂⪅ C㸪H ᕥ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬⿕㦂⪅ H ྑࡣ㸪2 ᅇ┠ࡢ ィ ࡛ࡣ㸪ヨస࡛ࡎࢀࡀῶᑡࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓ㸬 (1) ㏻ᖖ (2) ヨస (1) ㏻ᖖ a㸬⿕㦂⪅A (1) ㏻ᖖ (2) ヨస (1) ㏻ᖖ (2) ヨస e㸬⿕㦂⪅E d㸬⿕㦂⪅D (1) ㏻ᖖ (2) ヨస b㸬⿕㦂⪅B (1) ㏻ᖖ (2) ヨస (1) ㏻ᖖ (2) ヨస h㸬⿕㦂⪅G f㸬⿕㦂⪅F (1) ㏻ᖖ (2) ヨస (2) ヨస i㸬⿕㦂⪅Hᕥ i㸬⿕㦂⪅Hྑ ᅗ44-35 11 ࣁࢫࣆ࣮ࢻ⏬ീ ᅗ ࣁࢫࣆ࣮ࢻ⏬ീ ⾲4-12 ⿕㦂⪅ᖹᆒ್ ⾲ 4-4 ⿕㦂⪅ᖹᆒ್ ヨస ᭱ࡎࢀ㔞[mm] ㏻ᖖ 7.5 ± 4.1 9.5 ± 4.1 p<0.01 102 ➨ 4 ❶ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ 㸺ࡎࢀ㔞㸼 ⾲ 4-4 ⿕㦂⪅ࡢṌ⾜࿘ᮇ 40~60㸣࡛ࡢ್᭱ࡢᖹᆒ್ࢆ㸪ᅗ 4-36 ⿕㦂⪅ࡢィ ⤖ ᯝࢆ♧ࡍ㸬2 ⩌㛫ࡢẚ㍑ࡢࡓࡵ㸪ᑐᛂࡢ࠶ࡿ t ᳨ᐃࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬⿕㦂⪅య࡛ࡣ㸪ᖹᆒ 23㸣⛬ ᗘ㋖ࡢࡎࢀࡀῶᑡࡋࡓ㸬 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 40㹼50%࡛ࡢࡎࢀ㔞ᕪࡀぢࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࡢࡣ㸪 ⿕㦂⪅ C㸪 I㸪H ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬 ⿕㦂⪅ C ࡣ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 60%௨㝆ࡢ㋾ࡾฟࡋᚋᮇ࠾ࡼࡧ㐟⬮ᮇ࡛ᕪࡀぢࡽࢀࡓ㸬⿕㦂⪅ I ࡣ㸪㏻ᖖヨస࡛❧⬮ᮇࡢࡍࢀ㔞ࡀ␗࡞ࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡣ㸪㏻ᖖ㠐ෆ๓᪉㊊ࡀࡗࡓࡓࡵ㸪 ࡎࢀ㔞ࡀ㈇ࡢ᪉ྥࡁࡃ࡞ࡗࡓ㸪ᇶ‽ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㟼Ṇ❧ࡢࡎࢀ㔞ࡀఱࡽࡢཎᅉ ࡛ࢩࣇࢺࡋࡓࡇࡼࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬⿕㦂⪅ H ࡢྑ㊊ࡢ 1 ᅇ┠ࡢィ ࡣ㸪Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 40㹼 60㸣࡛ࡣࡁ࡞ᕪࡀぢࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡣ㸪ヨస╔⏝୰ᩜࢆⷧ࠸ࡶࡢኚ᭦ࡋࡓࡓ ࡵࡔ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ᕥ㊊࡛ࡣ㸪ᕪࡀぢࡽࢀࡓࡀ㸪⿕㦂⪅ I ྠᵝ㸪㏻ᖖࡎࢀ㔞ࡀࢩࣇࢺ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ 60㸣௨㝆࡛㋖ࡢࡎࢀࡀῶᑡࡍࡿሙྜࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡵ㸪㏻ᖖࡎࢀ㔞ࡽヨసࡎࢀ 㔞ࢆᘬ࠸ࡓ್ࡢṌ⾜࿘ᮇ 40㹼80㸣ࡢ㛫࡛ࡢ್᭱ࢆຠᯝࡢࡁࡉᐃ⩏ࡋ㸪௨㝆࡛ຠᯝࡢ ࡁࡉ㛵ࡋ࡚⪃ᐹࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬 (5) ຠᯝࡢ᭷↓ ⤖ᯝࡢࡲࡵࢆ⾲ 4-5 ♧ࡍ㸬ᐁ⬟᳨ᰝ㸪ࣁࢫࣆ࣮ࢻ⏬ീ㸪ࡎࢀ㔞ࡢ࠸ࡎࢀ࠾࠸࡚ࡶ ຠᯝࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡢࡣ㸪⿕㦂⪅ A㸪E㸪D㸪F㸪G ࡢ 5 ྡ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬⿕㦂⪅ C ࡣ㸪ࣁࢫࣆ࣮ࢻ ⏬ീ࡛ࡢ☜ㄆࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡣ㸪ࡎࢀ㔞ࡢィ ⤖ᯝࡼࡾ㸪ࡎࢀࡀᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ ࡢࡀ㋾ࡾฟࡋᚋᮇ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡓࡵ㸪ᙳ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡗࡓࡇࡼࡿ㸬ᐇ㝿ࡣ㸪ᐁ⬟᳨ᰝࡎ ࢀ㔞ࡢィ ⤖ᯝࡼࡾ㸪ຠᯝࡀ࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬 ⿕㦂⪅ I ࡣ㸪ᐁ⬟᳨ᰝ࡛ࡣ㸪㋖ࡢࡎࢀឤࡣῶᑡࡋࡓᅇ⟅ࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓࣁࢫࣆ࣮ࢻ࣓࢝ࣛ ࡛ࡶഹ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ヨస╔⏝ࡢ᪉࡛ࡎࢀࡀᑠࡉࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪⿕㦂⪅ I ࡶヨసࡼ ࡿຠᯝࡀ࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬⿕㦂⪅ B ࡣ㸪㊊ࡀ⣽ࡃࡲࡓᑠࡉࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪㏻ᖖ㠐╔ ⏝㸪ヨస㠐╔⏝ඹࡎࢀࡀࡁࡃ㸪ࡎࢀឤᕪࡀぢࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡋ ࡋ㸪ࡎࢀ㔞ࡸࣁࢫࣆ࣮ࢻ࣓࢝ࣛࡢ⏬ീ࡛ࡣ㸪ࢃࡎヨస࡛ࡎࢀ㔞ࡀῶᑡࡋࡓࡓࡵ㸪ຠ ᯝࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ᐁ⬟᳨ᰝ㸪ࣁࢫࣆ࣮ࢻ⏬ീࡢࡳ࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪⿕㦂⪅ H ྑࡶຠᯝ 103 10 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 5 0 0 20 -5 20 40 60 80 100 5 0 0 20 60 80 100 ࡎࢀ㔞 [mm] ࡎࢀ㔞 [mm] 0 40 40 60 80 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ [%] 100 f㸬⿕㦂⪅F 5 20 100 10 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ [%] 10 5 0 -5 0 20 40 60 80 100 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ [%] h㸬⿕㦂⪅G i㸬⿕㦂⪅Hྑ 10 10 5 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 ࡎࢀ㔞 [mm] 15 ࡎࢀ㔞 [mm] 80 15 -5 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ [%] 10 -5 60 d㸬⿕㦂⪅D e㸬⿕㦂⪅E -5 40 c㸬⿕㦂⪅C 0 100 10 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ [%] 5 0 80 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ [%] 10 -5 60 b㸬⿕㦂⪅B 5 0 40 a㸬⿕㦂⪅A 10 0 20 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ [%] 15 -5 25 20 15 10 5 0 -5 0 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ [%] ࡎࢀ㔞 [mm] ࡎࢀ㔞 [mm] ヨస 5 -5 ࡎࢀ㔞 [mm] ᚑ᮶ ࡎࢀ㔞 [mm] 15 ࡎࢀ㔞 [mm] ࡎࢀ㔞 [mm] ➨ 4 ❶ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ 5 0 -5 0 20 40 60 80 Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ [%] Ṍ⾜࿘ᮇ [%] i㸬⿕㦂⪅Hᕥ j㸬⿕㦂⪅I ᅗ 4- 36 ࡎࢀ㔞ࡢィ ⤖ᯝ 100 104 ➨ 4 ❶ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ ࡀ࠶ࡿゝ࠼ࡿ㸬⿕㦂⪅ H ᕥࡣ㸪ᐁ⬟᳨ᰝ㸪ࡎࢀ㔞㸪ࣁࢫࣆ࣮ࢻ࣓࢝ࣛࡢ⏬ീࡢ࠸ࡎࢀ ࡽࡶࡎࢀ㔞ࡢᕪࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀ࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ྠィ ࡋࡓྑ㊊࡛ࡣ㸪ຠᯝࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡇࡽ㸪 Ṍ⾜㏿ᗘࡸ㋾ࡾฟࡋࡢᙉࡉ࡞ࡢṌࡁ᪉ࡢ㐪࠸ࡼࡗ࡚ຠᯝᕪࡀฟࡓࡣ⪃࠼ࡃ࠸㸬 ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪ḟ⠇࡛ຠᯝ㊊ࡢ≉ᚩ㔞ࡢ㛵ಀࢆ⪃ᐹࡋࡓ㸬 ௨ୖࡼࡾ㸪ຠᯝࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࡢࡣ㸪⿕㦂⪅ H ᕥ 1 ࢆ㝖ࡃ 9 ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪๓㏙ࡢ ㏻ࡾ㸪ຠᯝࡢ࠶ࡗࡓ⿕㦂⪅ࡢከࡃࡣ㸪ᐁ⬟᳨ᰝ㸪࠾ࡼࡧ⪺ࡁྲྀࡾㄪᰝ࠾࠸࡚ヨస╔⏝ Ṍ⾜୰ࡢᒚࡁཱྀࡢ⥾ࡵឤࡀቑຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡼࡾ,ࣛࣥࡼࡗ࡚ᒚࡁཱྀࡀ⥾ࡵࡽࢀ࡚ ࠸ࡿࡇࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓ㸬 ⾲ 4-5 ᐇ㦂⤖ᯝࡲࡵ ⿕㦂⪅ A B C D E F G H(ྑ) H(ᕥ) I ࡎࢀឤ ۑ × ۑ 㸫 ۑ ۑ ۑ ۑ × ۑ ᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ ⥾ࡵឤ ⏬ീ ۑ ۑ ۑ 㸫 ۑ ۑ ۑ ۑ × ۑ ۑ ۑ 㸫 ۑ ۑ ۑ ۑ ۑ × 㸫 ຠᯝ [mm] 4.0 2.7 3.4 3.0 2.7 2.2 5.1 㸫 0.6 㸫 105 ➨ 4 ❶ ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧィ 㸳㸬ᮏ❶ࡢࡲࡵ ᮏ❶࡛ࡣ㸪ᥦᡭἲࡢᛂ⏝ࡋ࡚㸪ࣄ࣮ࣝ㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢ㊊ኚᙧࢆィ ࡋࡓ㸬 ⤖ᯝ㸪ࣄ࣮ࣝ㧗ࡼࡗ࡚㦵᱁ጼໃࡣኚࡍࡿࡀ㸪⦪࣮ࢳኚᙧక࠺ᒅఙ᪉ྥࡢ㛵⠇㐠 ືࡸయ⾲㠃✚ኚ⋡ࡢኚഴྥࡣ〄㊊Ṍ⾜ࡰ➼ࡋ࠸ࡇࡀࢃࡗࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ࣄ࣮ࣝ 㧗ࡼࡽࡎ㸪Ṍ⾜୰ࡢ㠃✚ኚࡀᑠࡉ࠸㒊ࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪ࡇࡢ㒊ࡣ⤒㦂ⓗᑟࢀࡓࢫࢺࣛ ࢵࣉ⨨ࡰ୍⮴ࡋࡓ㸬 ㋖㞳ᆅ┤๓࡛ࡣ㸪㊊࣮ࢳࡀపୗࡋ㸪⯚≧㦵ࡀᙇࡾฟࡍඹ㸪୰㊊㦵ࡀᗈࡀࡗ࡚㊊ᅖ ࡀቑຍࡍࡿࡇࡀࢃࡗࡓ㸬ࡑࡇ࡛㸪ࡇࡢ㊊ኚᙧࢆ⏝ࡋࡓ፬ே㠐ࡢ㋖ࡎࢀ㍍ῶᶵᵓࢆᥦ ࡋ㸪ホ౯ࡋࡓ㸬 106 ➨ 5 ❶ ⤖ㄽ ➨㸳❶ ⤖ㄽ ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪㠐ࡢ㐺ྜᛶྥୖࡢᇶᮏ࡞ࡿ㸪㠐Ṍ⾜㊊ኚᙧࡢィ ᡭἲࢆ㛤Ⓨࡋ࡚㊊㒊 ࡢ㛵⠇㐠ື㊊ᙧ≧ࡢྠ᥎ᐃࢆ⾜࠺ࡇࢆ┠ⓗࡋ㸪௨ୗࡢ⤖ㄽࢆᚓࡓ㸬 㸯㸬࣮ࣔࢩࣙࣥ࢟ࣕࣉࢳ୍࡛ࣕ⯡ⓗ࡞⌫ᶆⅬ௦࠼࡚㸪ཌࡳࡢ࡞࠸ᶆⅬࢆከᩘࡢ㦵᱁≉ ᚩⅬ㈞ࡾ㸪⿕㦂⪅⏥ࡀ㏱᫂࡞ᐇ㦂㠐ࢆᒚࡏࡿࡇ࡛㸪㠐Ṍ⾜୰ࡢᶆⅬ⨨ࢆ㸪ᐇ⏝ ୖ༑ศ࡞⢭ᗘ࡛ィ ࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬 㸰㸬㊊㦵᱁ࢆᶍᨃࡋࡓࣜࣥࢡࣔࢹࣝ㸪㊊ᙧ≧ࡢ࣓ࢵࢩࣗࣔࢹࣝࢆィ ࡋࡓᶆⅬ⨨ࣇ ࢵࢸࣥࢢࡍࡿࡇ࡛㸪㊊㒊ࡢ㛵⠇㐠ືᙧ≧ኚࢆ㸪ᐇ⏝ୖ༑ศ࡞⢭ᗘ࡛ྠ᥎ᐃ ࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬 㸱㸬ࣄ࣮ࣝ㧗ࡼࡗ࡚㦵᱁ጼໃࡣኚࡍࡿࡀ㸪⦪࣮ࢳኚᙧక࠺ᒅఙ᪉ྥࡢ㛵⠇㐠ືࡸ ㊊⾲㠃ఙ⦰ศᕸࡢኚഴྥࡣ〄㊊Ṍ⾜ࡰ➼ࡋ࠸㸬 㸲㸬ࣄ࣮ࣝ㧗ࡼࡽࡎ㸪Ṍ⾜୰ࡢఙ⦰ࡀᑡ࡞࠸㒊ࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪⤒㦂ⓗᑟࢀࡓ㠐ࡢ࣋ࣝࢺ ⨨ࡰ୍⮴ࡍࡿ㸬 㸳㸬㋖㞳ᆅ┤๓࡛ࡣ㸪㊊࣮ࢳࡀపୗࡋ㸪⯚≧㦵ࡀᙇࡾฟࡍඹ㸪୰㊊㦵ࡀᗈࡀࡗ࡚㊊ ᅖࡀቑຍࡍࡿ㸬ࡇࡢ㊊ኚᙧࢆ⏝ࡍࢀࡤ㸪፬ே㠐ࡢ㋖ࡎࢀ㍍ῶࡀྍ⬟࡞ࡿ㸬 ᥦᡭἲࡼࡗ࡚ከேᩘィ ࢆ⾜࠸㸪㊊ࡢኚᙧ≉ᛶࡢศ㢮ࡸ≉ᛶ್ࡢศᕸ࡞ࡢタィᇶ ┙ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ☜❧࡛ࡁࢀࡤ㸪㠐㛤Ⓨࡢ┤᥋ⓗ㈉⊩ࡀᮇᚅ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬 ୍᪉㸪ᥦᡭἲ࡛ࡣ㸪㠐Ṍ⾜ࡣ㸪㊊ࢆ㏱᫂࡞ࣅࢽ࣮࡛ࣝそ࠺ࡇࡀ๓ᥦ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ ࡿ㸬ࡋࡋ㸪ࣅࢽ࣮ࣝࡣ᫂ࡽኳ↛⓶㠉ࡸᕸ࡞ᮦᩱ≉ᛶࡀ␗࡞ࡿࡓࡵ㸪そ࠺㒊ศ ࡀከࡃ࡞ࡿ㸪㌟యᣲືࡶ⣲ᮦࡢᙳ㡪ࡀᫎࡉࢀࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢⅬ㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪 ከࡃࡢ࣮ࣔࢩࣙࣥ࢟ࣕࣉࢳࣕ⨨ࡀ㉥እᑕගࢆ᳨ฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࢆά⏝ࡋ㸪ࡼࡾᐇ⏝ ⣲ᮦ≉ᛶ㏆࠸㉥እග㏱㐣⣲ᮦࢆ᥈ࡍࡇࡶᚲせ࡞ࢁ࠺㸬 107 ㅰ㎡ ㅰ㎡ ᮏ◊✲ࡣ㸪➹⪅ࡀ᠕⩏ሿᏛᏛ㝔 ⌮ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉ ⥲ྜࢹࢨࣥᕤᏛᑓᨷ ᚋᮇ༤ኈㄢ ⛬࠾࠸࡚㸪ᮏᏛ⌮ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉ ⥲ྜࢹࢨࣥᕤᏛᑓᨷࡽ㛤ᨺ⎔ቃ⛉Ꮫᑓᨷ⛣⡠ࡋࡓ ᒣᓮಙᑑ ᩍᤵ㸦⌧ ᮏᏛྡᩍᤵ㸧ࡢࡈᣦᑟࢆཷࡅ࡚⾜࠸ࡲࡋࡓ㸬Ꮫ㒊 4 ᖺࡽ༤ኈㄢ⛬ ༢ྲྀᚓ㏥Ꮫᚋࡢ♫ே࡞ࡗ࡚ࡲ࡛㸪㛗ࡁΏࡾ㸪ࡈᣦᑟ㸪ࡈ㠴᧡㈷ࡾࡲࡋࡓࡇ㸪 ᚰࡽᚚ♩ࢆ⏦ࡋୖࡆࡲࡍ. ᮏㄽᩥࡢᑂᰝᙜࡓࡗ࡚ࡣ㸪ᰝࡋ࡚㸪ᮏᏛ ⌮ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉ 㛤ᨺ⎔ቃ⛉Ꮫᑓᨷ ᒸ⏣᭷ ⟇ ᩍᤵࡈᨭ㡬ࡁ㸪ࡲࡓ㸪ᰝࡢ㛤ᨺ⎔ቃ⛉Ꮫᑓᨷ 㛛ᶞ ᩍᤵ㸪⥲ྜࢹࢨࣥᕤᏛᑓ ᨷ ᒸ⏣ⱥྐ ᩍᤵ㸪㛤ᨺ⎔ቃ⛉Ꮫᑓᨷ Ⲷཎ┤㐨 ᩍᤵࡢⓙᵝࡣࠊከᵝ࡞どⅬࡽࡢ㈗ 㔜࡞ࡈຓゝࢆ㡬ࡁࡲࡋࡓ㸬ᑀࡘⓗ☜࡞ࡈᣦ㸪῝ࡃឤㅰ⏦ࡋୖࡆࡲࡍ㸬 ࡲࡓ㸪፬ே㠐ࡢヨసࡣ㸪ᰴᘧ♫ࢩ࢚ࣥࡢᐑୗ㝯୍ẶᴋᮏᙬẶ㸪ࣂࣞࣜࣥࢩ ࣮ࣗࢬᰴᘧ♫ࡢ⬥⏣ెஓẶࡈຓຊ㡬ࡁࡲࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࡇグࡋ࡚ㅰពࢆ⾲ࡋࡲࡍ㸬 ࡉࡽ㸪㠐Ṍ⾜ࡢᐇ㦂ࡣ㸪ே࣭▱ேࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎ㸪ᮏᏛ⫋ဨࡢⓙᵝࡶࡈ༠ຊࢆᚓࡿ ࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡲࡋࡓ㸬ⓙᵝࡢ㠐ࡢ⯆ࡣࡁࡃ㸪ᨵࡵ࡚ᇶ♏◊✲ࡢ㔜せᛶࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿඹ 㸪ⓙᵝ㠐ࡘ࠸࡚࠾ヰࡋࡍࡿࡇࡣ㸪◊✲άືࡢࡁ࡞ບࡳ࡞ࡾࡲࡋࡓ㸬ࡈ༠ຊ㸪 ㄔ࠶ࡾࡀ࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓ㸬 ◊✲άື⯡࠾࠸࡚㸪㧗ᶫ༟ஓྩ㸪ᕝᕧᶞྩࢆࡣࡌࡵࡍࡿ◊✲ᐊࡢⓙᵝࡣ㸪ከ ࡃࡢࡈᨭࡈ༠ຊࢆ࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡋࡓ㸬ᕝᮏ㈗ᚿྩྜྷᏳ♸ྩࡣ㸪༤ኈㄢ⛬ࡢඛ㍮ ࡋ࡚㸪㛗࠸㛫㸪ከࡃࡢࡈຓゝࢆ㡬ࡁࡲࡋࡓ㸬ྠᮇࡢ㞵ᐑ⪽⨾ྩ㸪ཎ⏣ᜨྩ㸪ᚋ㍮ࡢ⏣ᖾ ዉྩ㸪ຍ⸨㯞Ꮚྩ㸪Ⲩᮌ᱈Ꮚྩ㸪⸨ཎ⫱ᾏྩࡣ㸪ఱᗘࡶணഛᐇ㦂ࡈ༠ຊ࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡋ ࡓ㸬ඛ㍮ࡢ㇂ගྖྩ㸪᳃ఀ⧊ྩ㸪ྜྷ⃝㞞ேྩ㸪⋢ᑜྩ㸪㔝⏣ಟᖹྩ㸪⛅ⴥᩔྩ㸪ྠ ᮇࡢ⛅ᅬᆂ୍ྩ㸪㰺⸨┿ཌྩ㸪∦᱒ᫀᘺྩ㸪ᚋ㍮ࡢᖹᖾྩ㸪ఀ⸨ㄔஅྩ㸪᳃୍ᖹྩ㸪 బ⸨ṇᑲྩ㸪ኴ⏣㞝ྩ㸪ᮃ᭶᠇அྩ㸪㧗ᶫ♸୍㑻ྩ㸪ᯇᑿᣅ☻ྩ㸪Ᏻ୰ᡂᶞྩ㸪᭷ᮌ ேྩ㸪୰ᇉ♸୍ྩ㸪▼ၨ⾜ྩ㸪ᮧୖ㈼࿃ྩ㸪᳃⏣ᾈ᫂ྩ㸪┦ཎ㯞⾰Ꮚྩ㸪ᒾ℩ᜨᏊྩ㸪 すᕝᝅྐྩ㸪୰ᮧᶞ⏕ྩ㸪బ⸨ᙲ⣖ྩ㸪ఀ⸨ᖾኴྩ㸪ᑠᯘ㈼࿃ྩ㸪㏿Ỉྩ㸪ෆ㔝ᆂྩ㸪 ⠛ᓮ⿱Ẏྩ㸪ᮏᙜ࠶ࡾࡀ࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓ㸬ⓙᵝࡢ࠾ࡆ࡛㸪ᐇࡋࡓ◊✲⏕άࢆ㏦ࡿ ࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡲࡋࡓ㸬 ࡑࡋ࡚㸪⌧ົඛࡢᰴᘧ♫ࣔࣜࢱ࣮࣍ࣝࢹࣥࢢࢫࡢⓙᵝࡣ㸪༤ኈㄽᩥᇳ➹ࡢ῝ ࠸ࡈ⌮ゎከ࡞⃭ບࢆ࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡋࡓ㸬≉㸪ᢏ⾡◊✲ᡤ ᡤ㛗 ᆏᮏ┤ஂẶ㸪ᯇᓥ⮳ಇ Ặ㸪㏆⸨୍Ặ㸪⛅ᒣ⨾ዉᏊẶࡣ㸪ᴗົࡢㄪᩚ࡞㸪ከࡃࡢࡈ㓄៖ࢆ࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡋࡓ㸬 ⓙᵝࡢࡈ 㸪ᨵࡵ࡚ឤㅰ࠸ࡓࡋࡲࡍ㸬 ᭱ᚋ㸪༤ኈㄢ⛬ࡢ㐍Ꮫࢆチࡋ㸪㛗࠸Ꮫ⏕⏕άࢆᬮࡃぢᏲࡗ࡚ࡃࢀࡓ୧ぶ῝ㅰ࠸ ࡓࡋࡲࡍ㸬 2013 ᖺ 5 ᭶ 12 ᪥ 108 ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ ➨1❶ 1) ᯇᆏㄔᛂ㸪ᑎᮏྖ㸪∾㔝ెᮁ㸪Rabbi M E㸪㕥ᮌⰋᖹ㸸እẕࡋⓎ⏕㛵ࡍࡿືసᏛⓗ◊ ✲ 㠐ࣄ࣮ࣝ㧗ࡢᙳ㡪ࡘ࠸࡚㸪᪥ᮏ㊊ࡢእ⛉Ꮫ㞧ㄅ㸪16㸪149-152㸪1995㸬 2) ᒣᓮಙᑑ㸪⏣♸㸸㊊㠐ࡢࣂ࣓࢜࢝ࢽࢬ࣒㸪ࣂ࣓࢜࢝ࢽࢬ࣒㸪6㸪80-88㸪1982㸬 3) ୰ᮧᾈ㸪ຍ࿘୍㸸㟼ⓗ࠾ࡼࡧືⓗⲴ㔜࠾ࡅࡿ㊊ෆഃ⦪࣮ࢳࡢືࡁᶵ⬟㸪⌮ Ꮫ⒪ἲ⛉Ꮫ㸪17(4)㸪 253-258㸪2002㸬 4) ᒣཱྀၿஂ㸸ṇᖖᡂேṌ⾜࠾ࡅࡿ㊊ᶓ࣮ࢳࡢኚ㸪㛗ᓮ་Ꮫ㞧ㄅ㸪67(4)㸪223-235㸪 1992㸬 5㸧ᮡᮏྐᮁ㸪ཎ⏣୍㸸㊊ࡢືసక࠺㊊㠐ࡢ㊊㛗ኚ㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲㸸᪥ᮏே㛫ᕤᏛ࣭ 㛵ᮾᨭ㒊➨ 47 ᅇㅮ₇㞟, 412-413㸪2006㸬 6㸧Makiko Kouchi, Makoto Kimura, Masaaki Mochimaru: Deformation of foot cross-section 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