アフリカのマスク

平成 27 年度
（リハビリテーション体育学科）入学試験問題
英
試
験
時
語
9 ： 3 0 ～ 1 0 ： 3 0
間
（注意）
１ 係員の指示があるまで、問題用紙及び解答用紙に触れないで下さい。
２ 問題は 2 頁～12 頁に印刷されています。
３ 解答用紙に氏名，受験番号及び受験科目名を記入して下さい。
４ 解答方法は次のとおりです。
例
〔１〕埼玉県の県庁所在地として、正しいのはどれか。
①
前橋市
〔１〕の正答は「③
②
甲府市
③
さいたま市
④
１
横浜市
⑤
千葉市
さいたま市」ですから解答用紙の解答番号 1 の横に並んでいる
マーク欄の中の「③」を鉛筆またはシャープペンシルで「●」のように塗りつぶして
下さい。
５ 机の上には鉛筆、シャープペンシル、消しゴム、時計（計算機能のついていないもの
に限る）、英語辞書、受験票以外は置かないで下さい。
６ 受験票は番号札の手前に置いて下さい。
７ マスクを着用している者は、試験官が本人を確認する間、マスクを外して下さい。
８ ハンカチ、ティッシュペーパーを使用する者は、静かに挙手をして、係員の指示に
従って下さい。
９ 試験中に気分が悪くなったり、トイレへ行きたくなった者は静かに挙手をして、係員
の指示に従って下さい。
10 試験問題に関する質問は一切受け付けません。
11 途中で退室する者は、解答用紙を机の上に置き、静かに挙手をして、係員の指示に従
って退出して下さい。ただし、試験開始後 30 分間及び試験終了前 10 分間の退出は認め
られません。
12 試験終了後、試験問題は持ち帰って結構です。
第１問
次の英文を読み、各問い（問１～問１５）の答えとして最も適切なものを、
それぞれ ① ～ ④ から一つずつ選んで、記号で答えよ。
1
～
15
Rainforests are perhaps the most important places on earth. And yet we
destroy thousands of square kilometres of rainforest every year. In 1950,
rainforests covered 15 per cent of the earth's land. Fifty years later we have
destroyed more than half of these rainforests. Will there still be any
rainforests in the year 2050? No one knows the answer to that question. We
must learn about the rainforests and try to protect them. We can use the
rainforests and save them, too.
Rainforests are home to about fifty million people and millions of species
of animals, plants, and insects. In one square kilometre of rainforest there
can be more than 75,000 different species of trees. In all of Britain there are
only 1,443 different species of plants. （１）when we destroy the rainforests
thousands of species of plants and animals disappear, and forest people lose
their homes.
The leaves of rainforest trees make about 40 per cent of the earth's
oxygen. Can the earth live without the oxygen of the rainforests? What will
happen to us when there arc no more rainforests? We do not know - and
（２）let's hope that we never find out the answer!
※この部分については、著作権上の理由により公開できません。
The weather in a rainforest is hot all the year round － usually between
20℃ and 28℃ every day. The weather is always wet, too: rainforests have
´
more than 200 millimetres of rain in a month. In Bele m, in Brazil, it rains
on about 243 days each year. And the rain is heavy! On a rainy day in a
rainforest 20 millimetres of rain can fall. On a rainy day in London, about 5
millimetres of rain falls.
The largest rainforest in the world is the Amazon rainforest which grows
in nine different countries in Latin America. The Amazon rainforest is
about a hundred million years old, and has more species of animals and
plants than （３）place on earth. You can find 20 per cent of all the bird
species in the world here. The great Amazon River, which runs through the
Amazon rainforest, is the second longest river in the world. It runs 6,400
´
kilometres from the Andes Mountains to the Atlantic Ocean at Bele m, in
Brazil,（４）it is more than 300 kilometres across. There are more than 2,000
species of fish in the Amazon River, more than in all the Atlantic Ocean.
But this big rainforest is（５）. Between 1978 and 2004, more than half a
million square kilometres of the Amazon rainforest disappeared.
- 2 -
The second largest rainforest is in Central Africa, and the world's ninth
longest river, the Congo River, runs through （６）it. There are also some
rainforests in West Africa.
One part of the Central African rainforest is in Madagascar, which was
once part of Africa. About 160 million years ago it moved away from Africa,
and since （７）that time it has been an island. Its animals and plants have
※この部分については、著作権上の理由により公開できません。
changed very little in those years, and most of them live in no other place on
earth. About fifty different species of lemur ＊ １ live in Madagascar and
scientists are still finding new species. In Andohahela＊２ , there are twelve
species of lemurs living in 760 square kilometres. The sifaka, a lemur with
very long legs, can jump from one tree to another and travel a long way
without touching the ground.
(Rowena Akinyemi “Rainforests” Oxford University Press より)
問１
空欄（１）に最も適切なものを ① ～ ④ から選べ。
①
But
②
Though
③
So
④
Because
問２
1
下線部（２）が述べていることの説明として最も適切なものを ① ～ ④ から
選べ。
2
①
将来答えが見つかることを望むこと
②
将来我々の身に何が起こるかがわかることを望むこと
③
将来酸素なしでも暮らせるようになることを望むこと
④
将来熱帯雨林がなくなることがないことを望むこと
- 3 -
問３
下線部が「地上で最も多くの動植物種をもつ」という意味になるよう、空
所（３）に入る最も適切なものを ① ～ ④ から選べ。
①
any other
②
no more
③
no other
④
most of
問４
空欄（４）に入る最も適切なものを ① ～ ④ から選べ。
①
which
②
that
③
when
④
where
問５
空欄（５）に入る最も適切なものを ① ～ ④ から選べ。
①
got smaller
②
got the smallest
③
getting smaller
④
getting the smallest
問６
下線部（６）の it が指すものを ① ～ ④ から選べ。
①
the second largest rainforest
②
West Africa
③
the Amazon rainforest
④
the Andes Mountains
問７
3
4
5
6
下線部（７）が具体的に指し示していることの説明として最も適切なもの
を ① ～ ④ から選べ。
7
①
マダガスカルが中央アフリカの一部になったとき
②
マダガスカルに熱帯雨林ができたとき
③
マダガスカルがアフリカから切り離されたとき
④
マダガスカルが島になったとき
- 4 -
問８
次の問いに対する答えとして最も適切なものを ① ～ ④ から選べ。
8
What is this passage mainly about?
①
History of rainforests
②
How to save rainforests
③
the present of rainforests
④
Animals and plants in rainforests
次の問いに対する答えとして最も適切なものを ① ～ ④ から選べ。
問９
9
By 2000, what has happened to rainforest?
①
More than half of rainforests of 1950 have been destroyed.
②
Rainforests have covered 15 per cent of the earth's land.
③
Rainforests have disappeared and forest people lost their homes.
④
Rainforests have become hot all the year round.
問 10
次の問いに対する答えとして最も適切なものを ① ～ ④ から選べ。
10
According to this passage, how many people do live in rainforests?
①
about 75,000
②
about 1,500
③
about 5,000,000
④
about 50,000,000
問 11
次の問いに対する答えとして最も適切なものを ① ～ ④ から選べ。
What do the leaves of rainforest trees?
①
They live without the oxygen of the rainforests.
②
They grow in nine different countries in Latin America.
③
They make about 40 per cent of the earth's oxygen.
④
They find new species.
- 5 -
11
問 12
次の問いに対する答えとして最も適切なものを ① ～ ④ から選べ。
12
How much rain does London have on a rainy day?
①
London has about 20 millimetres of rain.
②
London has about 200 millimetres of rain.
③
London has about 5 millimetres of rain.
④
Loddon has always heavy rain.
問 13
次の問いに対する答えとして最も適切なものを ① ～ ④ から選べ。
13
What is indicated about the Amazon rainforests?
It runs 6,400 kilometres from the Andes Mountains to the Atlantic
①
Ocean.
②
It is about a hundred million years old.
③
It was once part of Africa.
④
It moved away from Africa About 160 million years ago.
問 14
次の問いに対する答えとして最も適切なものを ① ～ ④ から選べ。
14
How many species of fish are there in the Amazon River?
①
More than 2,000
②
More than 75,000
③
About fifty
④
More than 6,400
問 15
次の問いに対する答えとして最も適切なものを ① ～ ④ から選べ。
What is mentioned about lemurs in Madagascar?
①
You can find 20 per cent of all the lemur species in the world.
②
They live in no other place on earth.
③
Scientists are still finding new species of them.
④
Only twenty different species of lemurs live in Madagascar.
- 6 -
15
第２問
次の英文を読み、各問い（問１～問１５）の答えとして最も適切なものを、
それぞれ ① ～ ④ から一つずつ選んで、記号で答えよ。（なお，本文中の＊印の
語（句）は，（注）を参照すること）
16
～
30
I began my study of Japanese at university in Canada. (1)Little did I
realize how many linguistic difficulties were waiting to ambush*1 me!
(2)The first challenge my classmates and I faced was how to memorize
Japanese conversational expressions. They were all so long! For “Hi!” we
had to learn “Konnichi wa.” “Thanks!” was “Arigato gozaimashita.” “Take
care!” was “O ki o tsukete kudasai.” So many syllables!
To help us memorize these kinds of phrases, we created English sentences
that sounded similar to the original Japanese. To remember the Japanese
numbers 1, 2 (ichi, ni), we used the English phrase “（
３
）.” To memorize
“Itadakimasu” (Let’s eat!), we used “Eat a duck and a mouse.” It sounded
pretty close! To learn “Do itashimashite” (You’re welcome), we used “Don’t
touch my moustache.” It was almost the same!
Speaking Japanese was hard. But writing was harder! We spent the first
part of our Japanese course learning the hiragana alphabet. It （
４
）
forever to memorize the lines and curves of each letter. When we’d finally
mastered hiragana, our teacher said, “Well done! Now, here’s the next
alphabet you have to learn ― katakana.” “Another alphabet?” we groaned.
“Isn’t one enough?”
Two weeks later, we’d mastered katakana and were ready to relax. “Not
yet!” said the teacher. “Now you have to learn kanji. It has 2,000
characters.” 2,000 characters! We couldn’t believe it. (5)Was he trying to
torture us?
After studying Japanese in Canada for a year, I was ready to fly to Kobe
and try out my new language skills in Japan. I’d been a conscientious
student and had worked hard to learn proper Japanese. We’d only been
taught the polite “desu/masu” forms, but I was confident that I’d do OK.
As a newcomer to Kansai, I asked a lot of questions. For many
questions, I kept getting the word shiran as an answer. “If people use shiran
so often, it must be an important word,” I thought. （
6
）, when I looked
for shiran in the dictionary, it wasn’t listed. Strange!
As a new English teacher in Kobe, I heard many rumors. When I
checked to see if they were true, my Japanese students cried out “ciao, ciao.”
“Why are they speaking Italian?” I asked myself. It was all very odd!
Finally, I managed to find a Japanese friend who solved these two
-7-
mysteries for me. “The colloquial Japanese that people speak here is
different from the textbook Japanese that you learned in Canada,” he
explained. “Shiran is a contraction*2 of shirimasen. It means ‘I don’t know.’
Ciao is a contraction of chigaimasu, which means ‘That’s wrong.’ ”
After a year in Kobe, I finally began to understand what people around
me were saying. But I still felt strongly that people should only use words
listed in the dictionary and should avoid (7)using Italian when speaking
Japanese!
（Kip Cates “Learning Japanese”The Japan Times ST: October 10, 2014 より）
（注）
＊１
＊２
問１
ambush：待ち伏せする
contraction：省略
下線部（１）の説明として、最も適切なものを ① ～ ④ から選べ。
①
よくわかっていたということ
②
ほとんどわかっていなかったということ
③
わかろうと努力していたということ
④
わかろうとしなかったということ
問２
16
下線部（２）の具体的な説明として、最も適切なものを ① ～ ④ から選べ。
17
①
発音しにくいこと
②
音節が少ないこと
③
長すぎること
④
聞き取りにくいこと
問３
空欄（
３
）に入る最も適切なものを ① ～ ④ から選べ。
①
itchy knee
②
passing bell
③
depressed feeling
④
first second
-8-
18
問４
下線部が「一字一字の線と曲線を覚えるのに延々と時間がかかった」とい
う意味になるよう空欄（
４
）に入る最も適切なものを ① ～ ④ から選べ。
19
①
passed
②
spent
③
gave
④
took
問５
下線部（５）のように筆者が考えた理由として、最も適切なものを ① ～ ④
から選べ。
20
①
教え方が厳しかったから
②
習字の練習もさせられたから
③
覚えなくてはならない文字が次々でてきたから
④
何度も反復練習させられたから
問６
①
②
③
④
問７
空欄（
６
）に入る最も適切なものを ① ～ ④ から選べ。
21
So
Indeed
For
However
下線部（７）のように筆者が考えた理由として、最も適切なものを ① ～ ④
から選べ。
22
①
日本人のイタリア語の使用が腹立たしかったから
②
日本人の省略表現の使用がわかりにくかったから
③
日本人の和製外来語の使用が腹立たしかったから
④
日本人の辞書的表現の使用がわかりにくかったから
-9-
問８
次の問いに対する答えとして、最も適切なものを ① ～ ④ から選べ。
23
Where did the author begin his study of Japanese?
①
Kobe
②
Italia
③
Kansai
④
Canada
問９
次の問いに対する答えとして、最も適切なものを ① ～ ④ から選べ。
24
How did the author memorize Japanese conversational expressions?
To look for Japanese conversational expressions in the dictionary.
①
To create English sentences that sounded similar to the original
②
Japanese.
To try out the author’s new language skills in Japan
③
To find a Japanese friend who can teach the author Japanese
④
conversational expressions.
問 10
次の問いに対する答えとして、最も適切なものを ① ～ ④ から選べ。
25
What Japanese letter did the author master first?
①
Hiragana
②
Katakana
③
Kanji
④
Alphabet
- 10 -
問 11
次の問いに対する答えとして、最も適切なものを ① ～ ④ から選べ。
26
How long has the author studied Japanese in Canada?
①
The author has studied it for a year.
②
The author has studied it for two years.
③
The author has studied it for three years.
④
The author has studied it for four years.
問 12
次の問いに対する答えとして、最も適切なものを ① ～ ④ から選べ。
27
How many weeks did mastering katakana occupy?
①
a week
②
two weeks
③
three weeks
④
four weeks
問 13
次の問いに対する答えとして、最も適切なものを ① ～ ④ から選べ。
28
What does Shiran mean in English?
①
It means ‘Hi.’
②
It means That’s wrong.’
③
It means ‘Thanks.’
④
It means ‘I don’t know.’
- 11 -
問 14
次の問いに対する答えとして、最も適切なものを ① ～ ④ から選べ。
29
What did the author’s Japanese friend do?
①
To understand what Japanese people were saying.
②
To use Italian when speaking Japanese.
③
To solve two questions about Japanese conversational expressions.
④
To use words listed in the dictionary exclusively.
問 15
次の問いに対する答えとして、最も適切なものを ① ～ ④ から選べ。
30
What is this passage mainly about?
①
Leaning Japanese in Canada.
②
Living as a new English teacher in Kobe.
③
Great difficulty of leaning Japanese.
④
Memorizing Japanese conversational expressions.
- 12 -
リハビリテーション体育学科 英語 正答
問題番号
第１問
正答
1
3
2
問題番号
正答
16
2
4
17
3
3
1
18
1
4
4
19
4
5
3
20
3
6
1
21
4
7
3
22
2
8
3
23
4
9
1
24
2
10
4
25
1
11
3
26
1
12
3
27
2
13
2
28
4
14
1
29
3
15
3
30
3
第２問