スキーマを足場とする研究プレゼンテーションドキュメント作成支援環境

The 29th Annual Conference of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence, 2015
1E5-OS-11b-5
ĴįŋŀĬÄ7Ĕĉĩ‘˜ĿņĶňĹŋijńňļįŃłňĻVa_†8
A Scaffolding Environment for Creating Presentation Documents with Presentation Schema
q%â i$*1
Akihiro Kashihara
*1â
r‰â J‡*1
ÒÂDâ R*2
Yasuo Shibata
Shinobu Hasegawa
Ú{É:<:<Ö¢*T6<Abâ â â
Dept. of Informatics, University of Electro-Communications
*2â
"ך•<Z²:<Ö:<
JAIST
Creating presentation documents is important as research activity in a lab, but it is not so easy for the novice researchers
since it requires them to segment and sequence the research contents. We have designed and developed a scaffolding
framework for them to compose the presentation structure (P-structure) representing what to present and how to sequence the
contents presented. This framework provides them with presentation schema (P-schema) as a scaffold, which is a typical Pstructure in the lab. The novice researchers are allowed to compose the P-structure with the P-schema in the context of
learning various documents accumulated in the group and in the context of creating their own documents. This paper reports
the effectiveness and issues of the framework from the results of the case studies conducted.
1. ›©ħĚŎ‘˜>ĔüýNKĖ†8ēę<§ŌLearning in
LabōėŽćŎČęa_ėĐüĒt¸ĬÌģĒĂč[q% 2011,
2012]ŏ‘˜>ēĚŎ®ė£IęáüłňĽĬPė‘˜
} ę5“ĔĖĩĦýĖÀĥĴįŅā4īĪŎ£Ięü
P©ĬĚĈģNKĖÔėûĩłňĽęÓĞĔ
YĆĪĒ
üăŏąýćč àĖĥĴįŅ̑˜>2jęĤęēûĨŎ
Čę
Y̑˜>ęŒCĬaþĩēQ´)yēûĩŏ
eŎ£IęüP©ėĔďĒĚŎ£IęáüłňĽ
ĔꑘŁŋĹĮňıĥÁ¿ĖĕfÝę} ĬÉćĒŎ­ē
ŊĴįŅĬ<Ĝ'ĩąĔālMĆĪĩāŎ
ÍĆĪĩğÐÀ
ĥĴįŅāØė³„ĆĪĩąĔĚÛHėGēûĩčģŎ<Ĝ'Ĩ
Ě?hēĚĖüŏČęčģŎ‘˜} ęwøĖ7ÜēP©
ā+ĈĦýĖ±Ă»ĠĨĥ;cĬ¥ĨÇćĥĉăŎČęIė£
©Āħ+wę]`Ĭ(ĄĩąĔėĖĩŏąýćč¥ĨÇćĬÉĆĖ
ĄĪěÆėĐĀĖüĔüý¨þeĤûĩāŎLearning in Lab Ĕ
üýd¬ėÿüĒĦĨijĴĹŀĹĮĸİėÀĥĴįŅę§OĬ
a_ĉĩe|Ĭ’™ćŎĦĨpė<§ĬĉąĔākĠĪ
ĩ [Wenger 98]ŏ
ČąēŎ›©ħĚŎ‘˜} ęēĤ‘˜ĿņĶňĹŋijńň
ė€ĬLĒŎĿņĶňĹŋijńňļįŃłňĻŌP-ļįŃłňĻĔ
ŠĉōVėQ´Ė5“ĴįŅę§OĬt¸ćĒĂč[q%
2011, Shibata 2013]ŏ‘˜ĿņĶňĹŋijńňēĚŎª°©ė
þĩčģėùĬúŊùĕęĦýĖÞēú‘˜?Ĭ³„ĉĩĀĬ
¨þĩąĔāÑ´ēûĩŏąęĦýėŎ‘˜?Ĭœ!ŊŸ
!ćĒnāĩvÊĬĿņĶňĹŋijńňvÊŌP-vÊōĔ/
ĭēüĩŏeŎ‘˜?ęœ!ŊŸ!ĬÉćĒŎûĩüĚ
ª°©ĀħęľĮŋļĽĸİĬÉćĒŎ‘˜?ę#ŊÎ
ĖÏāg’ėĖĨŎćěć쑘?āž¤!ĆĪĩĂď
ĀĄĔĖĩŏČęU.ēŎP-ļįŃłňĻVĚŎ‘˜?ę
ÍęġĖħĊŎ‘˜ĬÌCĆċĩēĤÑ´Ė} Ĕüþĩŏ
m‘˜ēĚŎąĪħęĬÅĠþĒŎP-ļįŃłňĻVėĔď
Ē5mėQ´ĔĖĩĴįŅę§OĬa_ĉĩčģėŎ£I
ęáüłňĽāvVĉĩ P-ļįŃłňĻ¦ėÉćĒ3ćĒü
ĩ P-vÊĬ P-ĴįŋŀĔćĒ\ć[Hasegawa 2013]ŎąĪĬ PË¡Őq%i$ŎÚ{É:<ŎoоFE¾Fʼn åã
çãåŎåèæãèçèçŎêñïîïõóäñêöîïîêõêéïòíä÷ìëäêëäðôâ
ļįŃłňĻVęWmĔćĒ‘˜?Āħ P-vÊĬ-ĢļįŃ
łňĻĬvVĉĩĿŇĵĴėÄ7ĬăW|Ĭ^sćĒĂčŏm
–ēĚŎąęĦýĖ P-Ĵįŋŀė5đăļįŃłňĻVa_Ĭ
uµćŎIJŋĴĴķĺĮēgħĀėĖďčma_W|ęjS
ėĐüĒĠĔģĩĔĔĤėŎW|ę0ßĬ¿Ĉĩŏ
2. P-
2.1 ‘˜P©ā‘˜?ĬĿņĶňĹŋijńňļįŃłňĻĔć
Ē³„ĉĩÙŎ«´ĖÏā³„ĆĪĖĀďčĨŎ‘˜ĿņĶ
ňĹŋijńňĔćĒ·&ĉğĂŌXÿýĔćĒüĩ0ßĚĀŎ
‘˜ęŽĚĀĖĕōā[Ą¯ĎĩąĔāćěćěÃąĩŏČ
ęčĜė£©Āħ]`Ĭ(ĄĩąĔēzĉĩąĔėĖĩāŎ
£IāüP©ę7*ŎąýćčĬ¥ĨÇĉąĔĤƒć
ăĖüŏąĪĚŎ‘˜?ĔćĒĬ³„ćĖĄĪěĖħĖüĀ
ā#ėĀďĒüĖüąĔĬ”ĉēûĩāŎąęėĤ
¼ĉÞāĬOĖü7*ĤBĖăĖüŏ
ąýćčP©ėĚŎ‘˜ĿņĶňĹŋijńňĔćĒùĬúŊ
ùĕęĦýĖÞēú‘˜?Ĭ³„ĉĩĀĬ”ĉWmāQ´Ĕ¨
þħĪĩŏm‘˜ēĚŎ½NKę<§µ[Collins 2006]
ė5đĂŎ£IāáüłňĽŋāVćčļįŃłňĻ¦ė
ÉćĒġħĪĩ P-vÊĬ P-ĴįŋŀĔćĒ\ćŎąĪĬWm
ė­ę‘˜ĿņĶňĹŋijńňę P-vÊĥļįŃłňĻĬvV
ĆċĩąĔēŎP-ļįŃłňĻVĴįŅę,Ĭ1ĩŏ
eŎ‘˜P©ėĔďĒŎP-ļįŃłňĻVĴįŅĬáģ
ĩčģėĚŎP-ļįŃłňĻVŎ‚ė P-vÊĬvVĉĩ àĬ
—ĢQ´āûĩŏćĀćĖāħŎP©ā­ħꑘĿņĶňĹ
ŋijńňĬ±ýxĚÕħĪĒüĩŏČąēŎmW|ēĚŎP
©ā­ħęĿņĶňĹŋijńňĬùĩúd¬ėþĒŎ£I
āĦĨáüłňĽā@9ĖŒ³ēˆüč P-ļįŃłňĻĬP
©āù<ĝŌ…¶ĉĩōúd¬Ĭº=ćŎ‘˜?Ĭ¹Èćč¿
d%–Ĕ P-ļįŃłňĻĀħŎČęļįŃłňĻė3ĉĩ P-vÊ
ĬvVĆċĩąĔēŎ àĬ—ġÑĘĆċĩ[Shibata 2013]ŏąą
ēĚŎ‘˜?Āħĉēėœ!ā~ĭēüĩ P-ļįŃłňĻĬ
ˆüĩąĔĀħŎ­ħꑘĿņĶňĹŋijńňęčģęļįŃł
ňĻVĔ̋ĖĩāŎP-vÊĥČęvVė€ĬLĒĒ<ĝ
ąĔāēĂĩŏ
-1-
The 29th Annual Conference of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence, 2015
スライド
メタデータ
セグメント
メタデータ
%&+
$
(
%&/
ファイル
メタデータ
4
リレーション
メタデータ
."*
2
"*'
%&$#
4,
$#5!.
5
!.#
)#
30%&
1"
-
ðåêăĜąæčāēĒĚČ II Òõí III ê P-l»Ô¡ÏçêÔJöùàĠ
êØçÓöğP-ąāĜĐÔõ÷¡Ï P-l»êlRé³x
Üø&žOԄÙùàç›ÑöùøĠ
Ë néğ(2)ê®iæëğ‚‹=æw—EÔÏ 5 (û?
²çÚåğ2 ^ÁÓ×åĄąĊđ|êóçĢãê P-čāēĒĚČ
û|Ïå;ìÞàĠßÚåğ3 ^€éğWVĄąĊđû|Úè
ÔöğÎø‚‹>éÂÜø P-čāēĒĚČûRÙÞàĠßÚåğ
RÙùàģãêčāēĒĚČé?Úåğw—œé P-l»Ô¡Ï
ç›ÑöùøÆéÆûã×ÙÞàĠ
Ë ®iê”fğP-čāēĒĚČûÌ;îÍYŸæğP-l»û½
élRæÕà¥ÈœÔRÚà P-čāēĒĚČÔÉÖ¬Ùùø
)Ô§ÏáÙùàĠØùöêØçÓöğÌ;îÍYŸæê P-l
»lR“ÈÔğÌøÍYŸæê P-l»lRé³xÜø&žO
ԄÙùàç›ÑöùğeWVSsêb OԄ,ÙùàĠ
\ğÌ;îÍYŸæ½é P-l»ûlRæÕèÏăĜąÔ§%
×öùğlRWVûk©ÜøL¦ÔÎøĠ
4. # !"!
2.2
Scaffolding /ġéğÎø P-čāēĒĚČê P-l»ê¾û„ÜĠP-l»ëğ
P-čāēĒĚČûlRÜøąĕÿčêĒĈċĜĈû|Ïå¤yÙù
åÏøĠĒĈċĜĈëğąĕÿčĒĈċĜĈğĆĂĒĚČĒĈċĜĈğ
ĖĘĜĄĔĚĒĈċĜĈğĎüÿėĒĈċĜĈê 4 ‰ÇælRÙù
åÏøĠ­’ëğYxû$vÙùàÏ[g# 2011, Shibata 2013]Ġ
ñàğMicrosoft … PowerPoint êýčÿĚçÚå P-l»êl
RWVz7ûÀ~ÚàĠeĄąĊđæëğ;™œë P-ąāĜĐ
û$vÚèÔöğPPT ĎüÿėûÌøÍÎøÏëÌ;îÍYŸé
ÒÏåğąĕÿč‘é1ÜðÕĝÎøÏë1ÚåÏøĞP-l
»ûøØçÔæÕøõÐéèâåÏøĠñàğÌ;îÍYŸéÒ
ÏåëğétÙùà P-l»êo¨l»çğ;™œÔl
RÚà P-l»çêq·ûºÚå«[û£ÏğP-l»lRûĀÿ
čÜømžóbÚåÏøĠ
3. P "
Ë e‚‹æëğØùñæné„Ü€êóçéăĜąąĈċþ
û<]ÚåğP-ąāĜĐûµ5çÜø P-čāēĒĚČRWVê
b OéãÏåk©ÚåÕàĠ
(1) ÌøÍYŸéÒÏå P-ąāĜĐԂ‹>êŽ!ě
‘!ûÜÓ[h} 2012]
(2) Ì;îÍYŸæê P-l»lR“ÈÔÌøÍYŸæê Pl»lR鶈ÜøÓ[Shibata 2013]
ñÝğ(1)ê®iæëğ‚‹Kœ 4 (û?²çÚåğaé
P-ąāĜĐèÚé öꂋďĘćĚĊĜĄĔĚçÚå P-čāē
ĒĚČĝčāēĒĚČ IĞûRÙÞğßêI P-ąāĜĐû$vÙÞ
èÔöL¦éNÛåčāēĒĚČ I û 2 pÄæoÙÞàĠßÚ
åğoÙùà P-čāēĒĚČûčāēĒĚČ IIğčāēĒĚČ III ç
ÚàĠèÒğoê 1 pĀæëğąĕÿčÆDçąĕÿčê•
'ěêòûªÚğ2 pĀæëąĕÿčê¹ěÃíé
ąĕÿč>ê8`ûªÚàĠ
®iê”fğčāēĒĚČ I Óö III ïêďęĆąæğÜðåê
¥ÈœÔąĕÿčêÆD8`ğąĕÿčêû£Ïğ3 (ê¥
ÈœÔąĕÿčê•'û£âåÏàĠñàğÜðåê¥ÈœÔğ
ąĕÿčê¹Òõíąĕÿč>ê8`û£âåÏàĠÙöéğ
w—œ 2 (éčāēĒĚČ I ç IIěIII ûq·¬ÙÞàçØúğÜ
eŠæëğ‚‹ďĘćĚĊĜĄĔĚčāēĒĚČRê3ƒ
èąāėê™JûWVÜøSsçÚåğP-ąāĜĐûµ5çÚà
P-l»lRz7éãÏå¸ðàĠñàğP-ąāĜĐԂ‹K
œê P-l»lRé³xÜø&žOéãÏå¯ÛàĠP-ąāĜ
Đëğ‚‹>êŽ!ě‘!êĀÿčçÚåêGûTÐç
çóéğ‚‹>û˜!ÜøæêÕâÓ×ôräÕûÑ
øØçódHÙùøĠIğõ÷C.éeSsû½|ÜøØçû
ºÚåğP-ąāĜĐé3äÖ P-čāēĒĚČRWVê&žOğ
í邋>ꐘ!ĉĜėçÚåêb OéãÏåó®
iÚåÏÕàÏç›ÑåÏøĠ
[Collins 2006] Collins, A.: Cognitive apprenticeship: The
Cambridge Handbook of the Learning Sciences, R.Keith
Sawyer (Ed.), Cambridge University Press, pp.47-60 (2006).
[Hasegawa 2013] Hasegawa, S., and Kashihara, A.: A Mining
Technique for Extraction of Presentation Schema from
Presentation Documents Accumulated in Laboratory,The
Journal of Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced
Learning (RPTEL), Vol. 8 No.1, pp.153-169(2013).
[g# 2011]g#_", Ê¢2†, ¿±AM: ‚‹ĂėĜďéÒ
×øďĘćĚĊĜĄĔĚčāēĒĚČRWVz7, Bž
;
¼;™‡;çB;‚‹
´ SIG-ALST-B003-01,
pp.1-6 (2011).
[g# 2012] g#_", 96@Z: ‚‹êU–bě;í
ÎÏûWVÜø Hyperblog ĄąĊđ, XĄąĊđP4;
‚‹4*, Vol.27, No.2, pp.103-106 (2012).
[h} 2012] h}F{, jš:c, g#_", ¿±AM: ďĘ
ćĚĊĜĄĔĚčāēĒĚČêQ+l»RWVĄąĊđ
êÀ~, XĄąĊđP4;
Π34 -09
°u¯Y
Å, pp.146-147 (2012).
[Shibata 2013] Shibata, Y., Kashihara, A., and Hasegawa, S.:
Skill Transfer from Learning to Creating Presentation
Documents, ITHET2013 (International Conference on
Information Technology Based Higer Education and
Training), ISBN: 978-1-4799-0086-2 (2013).
[Wenger 98] Wenger, E.: Communities of Practice: Learning,
Meaning, and Identity, Cambridge University Press (1998).
-2-