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Ⅱ．研究活動 - 国立極地研究所
Ⅱ㸣◂✪Ὡິ 1㸣 ᗆᩝ ᖲᠺ16ᖳᗐࡻࡽࠉᅗ❟ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜࡢࠉኬᏕභྜྷฺ⏕ᶭ㛭Ἢெሒ࣬ࢨࢪࢷ࣑◂✪ᶭᵋࢅᵋᠺࡌࡾ◂✪ ᡜ࡛ࡊ࡙ࢪࢰ࣭ࢹࡊࡒࠊᅗ❟ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜࡡᩅဤࡢࠉᑍ㛓ฦ㔕࡞ᚺࡋ࡙ࠉࡐࡿࡑࡿᏼ✭ᅥ◂✪ࢡ࣭ࣜࣈࠉ ẴỀᅥ◂✪ࢡ࣭ࣜࣈࠉᆀᅥ◂✪ࢡ࣭ࣜࣈࠉ⏍∸ᅥ◂✪ࢡ࣭ࣜࣈࠉᴗᆀᕝᏕ◂✪ࢡ࣭ࣜࣈࠉཀྵࡦࠉ㐅ࣈ ࣞࢩ࢘ࢠࢹ◂✪ࢡ࣭ࣜࣈ࡞ᒌࡊࠉ◂✪࡞ᚉࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ◂✪ࢡ࣭ࣜࣈࡢࠉᇱ┑◂✪ࡷභྜྷฺ⏕࣬භྜྷ ◂✪ࡡ᥆㐅ࠉኬᏕ㝌ᩅ⫩ࠉᴗᆀびῼ゛⏤ࡡ❟᱄࣬ᐁ᪃ࠉࢨࣤ࣎ࢩ࣑ࡷ◂✪㞗ఌࡡ㛜തࢅᐁ⾔ࡊ࡙ ࠷ࡾࠊ ᮇᖳᗐࡡᖳሒ࡚ࡢࠉᖲᠺ22ᖳᗐ࡞⾔ࢂࡿࡒ◂✪Ὡິࢅ◂✪ࢡ࣭ࣜࣈࠉࣈࣞࢩ࢘ࢠࢹ◂✪ࢡ࣭ࣜࣈࠉ⛁ Ꮥ◂✪㈕ࠉභྜྷ◂✪ࠉࢨࣤ࣎ࢩ࣑࡞༇ฦࡊཱི࡙ࡽࡱ࡛ࡴࡒࠊ◂✪ࢡ࣭ࣜࣈ࡚ࡢࠉᩅဤࡇ࡛࡞◂✪ ὩິࠉᏕఌὩິࠉ♣ఌⓏὩິࡡ◂✪ᴣこࢅࡱ࡛ࡴࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉᏕఌヽ࡞Ⓠ⾪ࡈࡿࡒㄵᩝࡷࠉᏕఌࠉࢨ ࣤ࣎ࢩ࣑࡚ࡡཾ㢄Ⓠ⾪ࡢࠉ◂✪ࢡ࣭ࣜࣈࡇ࡛࡞ཱིࡽࡱ࡛ࡴࡒࠊ◂✪ࣈࣞࢩ࢘ࢠࢹ࡚ࡢࠉࣈࣞࢩ࢘ࢠࢹ ◂✪ࡇ࡛࡞┘Ⓩࠉᠺᯕࢅཱིࡽࡱ࡛ࡴࡒࠊ ᅗ❟ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ࡚ࡢࠉᚉᮮࠉ༞ᴗ㝱▴ࠉᴗᇡᏼ✭ᅥࠉᴗᇡᆀᏕࠉᴗᇡ⏍∸ࠉᴗᇡẴỀᅥࡡ5ࡗࡡࢨࣤ ࣎ࢩ࣑ࢅื࡞㛜തࡊ࡙ࡀࡒࠉᆀ⌣ぜᶅࡡẴು࣬⎌ሾንࡢᴗࡴ࡙々㞟こᅄ࡞ᨥ㒼ࡈࡿ࡙࠽ࡽࠉ ᏋࡡᏕၡ㡷ᇡࡓࡄ࡚ࡢࡂࠉ々ྙ㡷ᇡ◂✪࠵ࡾ࠷ࡢሾ⏲㡷ᇡ◂✪㔔こ࡛ࡖ࡙ࡀ࡙࠷ࡾࡆ࡛࡞㚯ࡲࠉ ᖲᠺ22ᖳᗐࡢࠉᴗᇡ◂✪ࡡࡻࡽ࠷ࡖࡐ࠹ࡡ㐅ᒈࢅᅒࡾࡒࡴࠉ◂✪ฦ㔕ᶋ᩷ᆵࡡ◂✪ࢨࣤ࣎ࢩ࣑࡛ࡊ࡙ ࠔᴗᇡ⛁Ꮥࢨࣤ࣎ࢩ࣑ࠕࢅᚉᮮࡡᴗᇡᏼ✭ᅥ࣬ᴗᇡẴỀᅥ࣬ᴗᇡ⏍∸࣬ᴗᇡᆀᏕࢨࣤ࣎ࢩ࣑࡛ྜྷ 㛜തࡊࡒࠊࡆࡿࡼࢨࣤ࣎ࢩ࣑ࡡᴣこࢅ࡛ࡽࡱ࡛ࡴࡒࠊ ࡱࡒභྜྷ◂✪ཀྵࡦࣈࣞࢩ࢘ࢠࢹ◂✪ࡡୌ⎌࡛ࡊ࡙⾔ࢂࡿࡒ◂✪㞗ఌࠉびῼ◂✪㞗ఌࠉཀྵࡦ◂✪ㄧヨఌ ➴࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉࡐࡡ㢗┘➴ࢅཱིࡽࡱ࡛ࡴࡒࠊ 2㸣◂✪⤄⧂ୌぬ ᖲᠺ㸧㸨ᖳ㸨᭮㸨㸦⌟ᅹ ᡜ 㛏 ⌦ ༡ ⸠ ⌦ ⾔ ểἑẴುᏕ ᏼ✭ᅥ◂✪ ࢡࣜ䤢 ࣈ ᩅ ⌦ ༡ ఫ ⸠ ኚ 㞕 ☚Ẵᅥ∸⌦Ꮥ ᩅ ᕝ ༡ ᒜ ᓃ 㞕 ㉰㧏ᒒ∸⌦Ꮥ ᩅ ᕝ ༡ ୯ ᮟ ༜ ྒྷ ኬẴງᏕ ᩅ ⌦ ༡ ᐋ ᒱ Ᏻ ࣈࣚࢫ࣏∸⌦Ꮥ ᩅ ⌦ ༡ 㛓 ಲ ☚Ẵᅥ∸⌦Ꮥ ᩅ ᕝ ༡ ላ ᇱ ኬẴ∸⌦Ꮥ ᩅ ⌦ ༡ ⾔ ᮿ ᙪ ☚Ẵᅥ∸⌦Ꮥ ᩅ ᕝ ༡ ᒱ ⏛ 㞖 ᶖ ࣈࣚࢫ࣏∸⌦Ꮥ ㅦ ᖅ ⌦ ༡ ᑚ ᕖ ὀ ಘ 㞹㞫ᅥ∸⌦Ꮥ ຐ ᩅ ⌦ ༡ ෞ ᕖ ႌ ᘧ ୯ᒒኬẴ⛁Ꮥ ຐ ᩅ ⌦ ༡ Ờ ᑶ ┤ ㉰㧏ᒒኬẴ∸⌦Ꮥ 㞖 Ѹ 11Ѹ ― 12 ― ẴỀ ᅥ◂ ✪ ࢡࣜ䤢 ࣈ ᩅ ⌦ ༡ ᒜ හ ᩅ ⌦ ༡ ♼ ᒜ ᩅ ⌦ ༡ ⏛ ᩅ ⌦ ༡ ᮇ ᒜ ᩅ ⌦ ༡ ሲ ཋ ᩅ ᕝ ༡ ᮶ ᩅ ᕝ ༡ ⸠ ᩅ ⌦ ༡ ᩅ ⌦ ຐ ኬẴ∸⌦Ꮥ ྚ ᆀ⌣Ꮥ ㄌ ኬẴ∸⌦Ꮥ ⚵ ᪺ 㞯ểỀᩝᏕ ㈏ ኬẴ∸⌦Ꮥ Ꮟ ᆀ ᅥ◂ ✪ ࢡ ࣜ 䤢 ࣈ ⨶Ꮔ 㞯ểᏕ ⏛ ⚵ 㞯ểᏕ࣬ᚺ⏕∸⌦Ꮥ ∭ ᑹ ㍜ ᴗᇡᾇὊᏕ ༡ ᮇ ┷ ྒྷ ኬẴ∸⌦Ꮥ ᩅ Ꮥ⾙ಞ ᖲ Ἁ ᑠ ᙢ ẴುᏕ ຐ ᩅ ⌦ ༡ ཿ ᕖ ᬏ 㞕 㞯ểᏕ ຐ ᩅ ⌦ ༡ ᶣ ⏛ ඔ ᴗᇡኬẴ⛁Ꮥ ຐ ᩅ ⌦ ༡ ᕖ ᮟ ㈴ ཿẴುᏕ ᩅ ⌦ ༡ Ⓣ ▴ ⾔ ᆀ㈹Ꮥ ᩅ ⌦ ༡ ₽ ㆺ 㞕 ᅖమᆀ⌣∸⌦Ꮥ ᩅ ⌦ ༡ ᑚ ᓞ ⚵ ᗛ 㝱▴Ꮥ ᩅ ⌦ ༡ ᮇ ྚ Ὂ ୌ ᆀ㈹Ꮥ ᩅ ⌦ ༡ ⯢ ᮄ ᐹ ᒷ▴☚ẴᏕ ᩅ ⌦ ༡ 㔕 ᮄ ⩇ ྍ ᅖమᆀ⌣∸⌦Ꮥ ᩅ Ꮥ⾙༡ ⃕ ၤ ྒྷ ᏫᏼᏕ ᩅ ⌦ ༡ ᅰ ᾀୌ㑳 ῼᆀᏕ ᩅ ⌦ ༡ አ ⏛ ᬓ ༐ ᆀ㈹Ꮥ ᩅ ⌦ ༡ 㔘 ᑹ ᨳ ⣎ ᅖమᆀ⌣∸⌦Ꮥ ຐ ᩅ ⌦ ༡ ⱝ ᶖ ➠ᄿ⣎ᆀ㈹Ꮥ ຐ ᩅ ⌦ ༡ ᴷ ├ ஒ 㝱▴Ꮥ ຐ ᩅ ⌦ ༡ ᒜ ཾ ீ 㝱▴Ꮥ ຐ ᩅ ⌦ ༡ ᾇ ⏛ ༡ ྒྷ 㖌∸Ꮥ࣬㝱▴Ꮥ ຐ ᩅ ⌦ ༡ 㟯 ᒜ 㞕 ୌ ῼᆀᏕ ຐ ᩅ ⌦ ༡ Ⳛ ➠ᄿ⣎ᆀ㈹Ꮥ࣬ཿᆀ☚Ẵ࣬ᒷ▴☚ẴᏕ Ѹ 12Ѹ ― 13 ― ⏍∸ ᅥ◂✪ ࢡࣜ䤢 ࣈ ᴗ ᆀᕝ Ꮥ◂ ✪ ࢡࣜ䤢 ࣈ ≁௴ᩅဤ ᩅ Ề⏐༡ ⚗ ᆀ ක ⏠ ᾇὊ⏍ឺᏕ ᩅ Ề⏐༡ ᑚ 㐡 ᜇ ኰ ⏍∸ᾇὊᏕ ᩅ ㎨ ༡ ῳ 㑋 ◂ኯ㑳 ᾇὊ⏍ឺᏕ ᩅ ⌦ ༡ ᕝ ⸠ ᰜ Ềᅥ⏍ឺᏕ ᩅ ⌦ ༡ ᮟ ᬓ ᳔∸⏍ឺᏕ ᩅ ⌦ ༡ 㧏 ᶣ ࿔ ິ∸⏍ឺᏕ ຐ ᩅ Ꮥ⾙༡ හ ⏛ 㞖 ᕤ ᚜⏍∸⏍ឺᏕ ຐ ᩅ Ề⏐༡ 㣜 ⏛ 㧏 ኬ ⾠᫅ᾇὊᏕ ຐ ᩅ ㎨ ༡ ῳ ㎮ బ ᇱ ᾇὊິ∸Ꮥ ຐ ᩅ ⌦ ༡ 㧏 ᶣ 㑝 ኰ ᾇὊ⏍ឺᏕ ຐ ᩅ ⌦ ༡ ⳝ ờ 㞖 ⾔ ࣈࣚࢫ࣏∸⌦Ꮥ ≁௴ᩅ ⌦ ༡ ♼ ⏛ ၤ ྍ ᳔∸ฦ㢦Ꮥ ≁௴ᩅ ᕝ ༡ け ᕖ ┤ ྿ 㞹ງᕝᏕࠉ㞹ẴᶭჹᕝᏕ ≁௴ຐᩅ ⌦ ༡ ⏛ ୯ Ⰳ ᪸ ㉰㧏ᒒ∸⌦Ꮥ ≁௴ຐᡥ Ѹ ᮄ ᮟ Ⴢ ᑠ ᏼ✭ᅥびῼ Ѹ MS John Zepernick ᭯ᶭᏕ ≁௴◂ ✪ဤ ⌦ ༡ ⳝ ờ 㯖ᕵᏄ ᆀ⌣ᏫᏼᏕ ⌦ ༡ 㕝 ᮄ ⚵ ᙢ ㉰㧏ᒒኬẴ∸⌦Ꮥ ⌦ ༡ ᅢ ฦ ர ᙢ ᾇὊິ∸⾔ິᏕ ⌦ ༡ ඔ ሔ ူ 㑳 ㉰㧏ᒒ∸⌦Ꮥ ⌦ ༡ ᪡ ἑ ⚵ ❮ ῼᆀᏕࠉᅖమᆀ⌣∸⌦Ꮥ ⌦ ༡ ᇷ Ờ ㊨ ྜྷనమᆀ⌣Ꮥ ⌦ ༡ 㔕 ᮟ ኬ ᶖ ᾇὊ⏍∸ᆀ⌣Ꮥ ⌦ ༡ ⏛ 㑌 ඁ㈏Ꮔ ᳔∸⏍⌦⏍ឺᏕࠉ㝛ỀᏕࠉỀᅥ⏍ឺᏕ ⌦ ༡ ዚ 㔕 ῗ ୌ ᅖమᆀ⌣∸⌦Ꮥ ⌦ ༡ ಲ ඔ 㝧 㞯ểỀᩝᏕ ⎌ሾ༡ ኬᒷ᰷ ᑠ ᾇὊᆀ㈹Ꮥ ⌦ ༎ᔋ ㄌ 㞯ểᏕ ༡ Ѹ 13Ѹ ― 14 ― 㞯ểᏕ ≁௴◂ ✪ဤ ⌦ ༡ 㧏 ᮟ ㎾ Ꮔ ኬẴ∸⌦Ꮥ ⌦ ༡ 㕝 ᮄ 㤮ᑋᜠ ᴗᇡẴುᏕ Ꮥ⾙༡ Ꮹ 㝧 ⎌ሾᏕࠉ㞯ểᏕ ⌦ ༡ ᖲ ᯐ ᖷ ၤ ฦᯊᏕ ⌦ ༡ ᑚ ❻ ᢽ 㑳 ཿẴುᏕ Ph.D Dunkley Daniel ᆀ㈹Ꮥ ⌦ ⏛ ㉰㧏ᒒ∸⌦Ꮥ Passive microwave remote sensing, microwave snow emissivity modeling, interaction between microwave and the Antarctic snow-cover ༡ ᡜ ᗛ ⼝ ྙ ࣈ ࣞ ࢩ 䤙 ࢠࢹ ≁௴◂ ✪ဤ Ph.D Surdyk Sylviane Ph.D Kero Johan Ranold ㉰㧏ᒒ∸⌦Ꮥ ⌦ ༡ ℡ ᕖ 㧏 ᘧ 㞯ể᚜⏍∸Ꮥ ⌦ ༡ ୯ ⃕ ᩝ ⏠ 㞯ểᏕ ሒ༡ け ᮟ ⪌ ྒྷ ゛ῼᕝᏕ ⌦ ༡ ᳔ ➁ ῗ 㞯ể᚜⏍∸Ꮥ ⌦ ༡ ጭ 㔕 ူ ெ ᩐ⌦⤣゛Ꮥ Ꮥ⾙༡ ᑚ ᯐ ᚷ ฦᏄ⏍ឺᏕ ኬ 㔕 ⩇ୌ᭹ ༞ᴗ༈Ꮥ ├ ḿ ኮᩝᏕ ᐂဤᩅဤ ᐂဤᩅ Ѹ ᐂဤᩅ ⌦ ༡ ୯ ᐂဤᩅ ⌦ ༡ ఫ ⸠ ⷽ ኬẴງᏕࠉ୯ᒒኬẴ⛁Ꮥ ᐂဤᩅ ᕝ ༡ 㜷 ಕ ┷ ࣭ࣝࢧ࣭゛ῼ ᐂဤᩅ ㎨ ༡ ▴ ୷ 㝧 ᾇὊ⏍ឺᏕࠉᾃ ⏍∸Ꮥ ᐂဤᩅ ⌦ ༡ ᾇ⩹ཋ ඖ ฦᯊᏕࠉᏫᏼᆀ⌣Ꮥ ᐂဤᩅ ⌦ ༡ 㧏 ᶣ ಞ ᖲ 㞯ểᏕ ᐂဤᩅ Ph. D ᴦ ᮇ ᾀ ᐂဤᩅ Ѹ ᐋ ᮇ ொ ⨶ Ѹ 14Ѹ ― 15 ― 㞯ểᏕࠉᾇể࣬ᾇὊᏕࠉẴುᏕࠉ ࣓࣭ࣛࢹࢬࣤࢨࣤࢡᕝᏕ Ẵ㇗ᏕࠉẴ㇗びῼ 3. ◂✪ᇱ┑ࢡ࣭ࣜࣈ 1) ᏼ✭ᅥ◂✪ࢡ࣭ࣜࣈ ①ఫ⸠ ኚ㞕 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᩅ ☚Ẵᅥ∸⌦Ꮥࠉ࢛࣭ࣞࣚ∸⌦Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ (1) ࢛࣭ࣞࣚ⌟㇗ࡡᇱᆀ-ࢪࣚࣤࢺභᙲⅤびῼ◂✪㸯ᇱᆀ࡛ࢪࣚࣤࢺࡢ࢛࣭ࣞࣚᖈ ࡚။ୌᏋᅹࡌࡾᆀ☚ẴභᙲⅤࡡన⨠㛭౿࡞࠵ࡾࠊࡆࡡࣗࢼ࣭ࢠฺⅤࢅ᭩ኬ㝀ฺ⏕ࡊ࡙ࡡྜྷびῼ ࠾ࡼࠉ࢛࣭ࣞࣚࡡᙟ≟ࡷິࡀࡡභᙲᛮ࣬㟸භᙲᛮࡡ◂✪ࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ≁࡞ࠉ࠷ࡱࡓᮅゆỬ࡚ ࠵ࡾ⬞ິ࢛࣭ࣞࣚࡡⓆ⏍ᶭᵋࡷⓆ⏍㡷ᇡࡡ◂✪ࠉཀྵࡦࠉࢸࢪࢠ࣭ࣛࢹ࢛࣭ࣞࣚᙟ≟ࡡභᙲᛮ࣬㟸භ ᙲᛮࢅ⏍ࡲฝࡌⓆ⏍ᶭᵋࡡ◂✪ࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ (2) ᅗ㝷 SuperDARN ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࢅ⏕࠷ࡒ࢛࣭ࣞࣚ⌟㇗ࡡびῼ◂✪㸯ᇱᆀ࡞ 2 ᇱ࠵ࡾኬᆵ▯ἴ࣭ࣝ ࢱ࣭ࢅ୯ᚨ࡞ࠉ୦ᴗࢅᗀࡂ࢜ࣁ࣭ࡌࡾᅗ㝷 SuperDARN ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭⥑ࡡࢸѸ ࢰࢅ⏕࠷࡙ࠉྊち࢛࣭ࣞ ࣚࡡࢱࢻ࣐ࢠࢪ࡛㞹㞫ᅥᑊὮ࡛ࡡ㛭౿ࡷኯ㝟㢴ࡡ☚ሔຝᯕࠉཀྵࡦࠉࡐࡡ༞༖⌣ࡡẒ㍉◂✪ࢅ ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᆀ⌣㞹☚Ẵ࣬ᆀ⌣ᝠ᫅ᅥᏕఌࠉ⡷ᅗᆀ⌣∸⌦Ꮥ༝ఌ 4. ♣ఌὩິ࣬㈁⊡ ②ᒜᓃ 㞕 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ㅦⁿ㸯㛏㔕┬ㄮゴΰ㝘㧏ᰧ(2010.10) ᩅ ㉰㧏ᒒ∸⌦Ꮥࠉ㞹ἴ∸⌦Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ (1) ࣒࣭ࢩࣤࢡ࢛࣒࣭ࣛࢰ࡞ࡻࡾ࢛࣭ࣞࣚࡡ࣒࣭ࢩࣤࢡ㸯༞ᴗᇱᆀ࡛ࢪࣚࣤࢺࠉࢲࣘࣜ ࢾࢪࠉࣆࢦࣆ࢘ࣜ࡞㞹㞫ᒒ㞹ἴྺ࡚࢛࣭ࣞࣚࡡ࣒࣭ࢩࣤࢡࢅ⾔࠹びῼ⨠ࢅシ⨠ࡊࠉ༞ᴗࡡ ᆀ☚ẴභᙲⅤ࡚ࡡ࢛࣭ࣞࣚࡡභᙲᛮ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙びῼ࣬◂✪ࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡱࡒࠉኣ࿔ἴ࡚びῼ࡚ࡀ ࡾ࣒࣭ࢩࣤࢡ࢛࣒࣭ࣛࢰࢅ㛜Ⓠࡊࠉᩐ MeVࠤᩐ 10MeV ࡡ㧏࢙ࢾ࣭ࣜ࢟㜾ୖ⢇Ꮔ⌟㇗ࢅ᳠ฝࡌࡾ ࡆ࡛ࢅ┘ᣞࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ (2) Ὼ㸝Ѹ 40Υ㸞࡚ິషࡊࠉᾐ㈕㞹ງ㸝1W ௧ୖ㸞ࠉ㧏វᗐ(0.2nT)ࠉ⾠᫅㞹ヨ࡞ࡻࡾࢸ࣭ࢰఎ㏞ ᶭ⬗ࢅᣚࡗ↋ெびῼ⨠ࢅ㛜Ⓠࡊࠉᇱᆀ࿔㎮ࡡ༞ᴗኬ㝛୕࡞ᒈ㛜ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊびῼ࣬◂✪ᑊ㇗ࡢࠉ ᆀ☚Ẵ⬞ິࡷ㞹㞫ᒒ㞹Ὦࡡᩐ 10ࠤᩐ 100km ࢪࢢ࣭ࣜࡡ✭㛣ᵋ㏸࡚࠵ࡾࠊ↋ெびῼⅤ࡚ᚪこ࡛ ࡈࡿࡾ⮤↓࢙ࢾ࣭ࣜ࢟㞹″㸝㢴ງⓆ㞹࡛ኯ㝟㞹ờࡡࣀࣇࣛࢴࢺࢨࢪࢷ࣑㸞ࡡ㛜Ⓠࡵ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ (3) ࢛ࣤࣚࣤࢸ࣭ࢰ㞗࣬ゆᯊᶭ⬗ࢅങ࠻ࡒ ELF/VLF ⮤↓㞹ἴᆀ୕びῼࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࡡ㛜Ⓠ࡞ཱིࡽ⤄ ࢆ࡚࠷ࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᆀ⌣㞹☚Ẵ࣬ᆀ⌣ᝠ᫅ᅥᏕఌ 4. ♣ఌὩິ࣬㈁⊡ ᩝ㒂⛁Ꮥኬ⮟ࡻࡽ➠ 53 ḗᮇ༞ᴗᆀᇡびῼ㝪 㝪㛏ࡡጟვࢅུࡄࠉྜྷびῼ㝪 ࡡ⥽ᠺ࡞ཱིࡽ⤄ࡲࠉᖲᠺ 23 ᖳ 2 ᭮ 28 ࠾ࡼ 3 ᭮ 4 ࡱ࡚㠙㧏ཋ࡚びῼ㝪ィ⦆ࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊ ③୯ᮟ ༜ྒྷ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᩅ ᆀ⌣ኬẴ゛ῼࠉ㉰㧏ᒒ∸⌦Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ Ѹ 16Ѹ ― 16 ― (1) ක࣬㞹ἴびῼ࡞ࡻࡾᴗᇡ୯ᒒ࣬㉰㧏ᒒኬẴࡡ◂✪㸯࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࠉࣚࢱ࣭ࠉฦකびῼ࣒࣭ࢩࣔ ⛸ࠍࡡᆀ୕びῼ⨠ࢅ㥉ࡊ࡙ࠉ୯ᒒ࣬㉰㧏ᒒኬẴࡡኬẴ∸⌦࣬⤄ᠺࡷࡐࡡንິࢅびῼⓏ࡞◂✪ ࡌࡾࠊ࡛ࡂ࡞ࠉ୯࣬⦃ᗐ࡚㛜ⓆࡊࡒびῼἪࡷゆᯊᡥἪࢅᴗᇡ࡞ࡵᒈ㛜ࡌࡾࠊ (2) ኬᆵኬẴ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭࡞ࡻࡾᴗᇡ୯ᒒ࣬㉰㧏ᒒኬẴࡡ◂✪㸯༞ᴗᇡ။ୌࡡኬᆵኬẴ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭࡛ࡾ༞ ᴗᇱᆀኬᆵኬẴ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ (PANSY)ࢅ⏕࠷ࡒ⛸ࠍࡡびῼἪࢅ㛜Ⓠࡊࠉྜྷ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࢅὩ⏕ࡊࡒᴗᇡ ୯ᒒ࣬㉰㧏ᒒኬẴࡡᵋ㏸࡛ንິࠉㅎ⌟㇗ࡡゆ᪺ࢅ᥆㐅ࡌࡾࠊ࡛ࡂ࡞ࠉᴗῺ࡛ࡾ୯㛣ᅥ࠾ࡼୖ㒂 ⇍ᅥࢅ୯ᚨ࡛ࡌࡾ㡷ᇡࡡንິ࡛ງᏕ࣬Ꮥ㐛⛤ࢅ୯ᚨ࡞ࠉ୯ᒒ࣬㉰㧏ᒒኬẴࡡ┞பష⏕ࢅ◂✪ࡌࡾࠊ (3) ⛸ࠍࡡࣆ࣭ࣜࢺ࡞࠽ࡄࡾࢠࢷࣇ࣓࣭ࣛࢹࢬࣤࢨࣤࢡびῼ⨠ࡡ㛜Ⓠ㸯༞ᴗᇱᆀࡡ ⎌ሾࡡཚࡊ࠷㐪㝰ᆀ࡚ࡡびῼࠉ⛸ࠍࡡ⛛ິびῼࠉℾᒜ࡚ࡡᄂẴࡡびῼࠉࡈࡱࡉࡱびῼࣆ࣭ ࣜࢺ࡚ࡡࢠࢷࣇ࣓࣭ࣛࢹࢬࣤࢨࣤࢡࡡᚺ⏕びῼ⨠ࡡ㛜Ⓠࡷびῼᢇ⾙ࡡ◂✪ࢅ⾔࠹ࠊ (4) ᴗᇡࢅྱࡳࢡ࣭ࣞࣁࣜᆀ⌣ኬẴ୕ୖ⤎ྙࡡ◂✪㸯ᆀ⾪㎾ࡡẴ㇗⌟㇗࠾ࡼ㞹㞫ᅥ࣬㉰㧏ᒒኬẴ ࡡንິ࡞࠷ࡒࡾᗀ⠂ᅑࡡኬẴࡡ୕ୖ⤎ྙࢅᆀ୕びῼ࠽ࡻࡦ⾠᫅びῼ࠾ࡼ◂✪ࡌࡾࠊ≁࡞ᴗᇡኬẴ࡛ ୯⦃ᗐኬẴࡡ┞பష⏕ࢅྱࡳࢡ࣭ࣞࣁࣜᥝാࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࠊ (5) Ὦ᫅➴ᆀ⌣ኬẴአ࠾ࡼࡡ∸㈹࢙࣬ࢾ࣭ࣜ࢟Ὦථࡡᆀ୕びῼ㸯㔘ᒌඔ⣪ࡷὮ᫅㉫″ࢱࢪࢹࡡὮථ࡚ ᆀ⌣ኬẴ࡞ᑛ࠾ࡼࡉࡾᙫ㡢ࢅ࠻ࡾὮ᫅ࠉ࠵ࡾ࠷ࡢ㧏࢙ࢾ࣭ࣜ࢟ࡡᏫᏼ⥲ᆀ⌣አ࠾ࡼࡡ∸ ㈹࢙࣬ࢾ࣭ࣜ࢟Ὦථ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࡷකᏕ⛸ࠍࡡᡥἪ࡚ࡡびῼࢅ⾔࠹ࠊ≁࡞ᴗᇡ࡚ࡡびῼ ࡞㔔Ⅴࢅ⨠ࡂࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᆀ⌣㞹☚Ẵ㹺ᆀ⌣ᝠ᫅ᅥᏕఌࠉᮇẴ㇗ᏕఌࠉᮇኮᩝᏕఌࠉᮇᆀ⌣ᝠ᫅⛁Ꮥ㏻ྙࠉ ᮇ∸⌦Ꮥఌࠉ⡷ᅗᆀ⌣∸⌦㏻ྙ(AGU)ࠉᏫᏼ✭㛣◂✪ጟဤఌ(COSPAR)ࠉᅗ㝷ᆀ⌣㞹☚ẴᏕ࣬㉰㧏 ᒒ∸⌦Ꮥ༝ఌ(IAGA)ࠉኯ㝟ᆀ⌣⣌∸⌦Ꮥ⛁Ꮥጟဤఌ(SCOSTEP) 4. ♣ఌὩິ࣬㈁⊡ ᭽࢜ࣜࢲ࣭ࣔࢬࣤࢰ࣭ㅦᖅࠔ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭࡚ᣦࡳᆀ⌣ኬẴࡡንິࠕ2010 ᖳ 11 ᭮ 6 ࠉᶋὶᕰ ④ᐋᒱ Ᏻ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᩅ ☚Ẵᅥ࣬㞹㞫ᅥ∸⌦Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ (1) ࢛࣭ࣞࣚࡡ᚜⣵ᵋ㏸࡞㛭ࡌࡾ◂✪㸯࢛࣭ࣞࣚࡢᆀ⌣☚Ẵᅥᑹ㒂ࡷහ㒂☚Ẵᅥ࡚⏍㉫ࡌࡾᵕࠍࢪ ࢢ࣭ࣜࡡࣈࣚࢫ࣏㐛⛤ࡡୌ㒂☚Ẵᅥ-㞹㞫ᅥ⤎ྙ⣌ࢅࡊ࡙ᴗᇡ㞹㞫ᒒ࡞㞗⣑Ⓩ࡞ᢖᙫ࣬ྊち ࡈࡿࡒࡵࡡ࡛ᤂ࠻ࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࡀࡾࠊࡊࡒࡖ࡙ࠉࡐࡡ✭㛣ᵋ㏸ࡷ㛣ንິ࡞ࡢࠉ☚Ẵᅥහࡡ⢇Ꮔຊ ㏷ࡷᩋ㐛⛤ࠉࡈࡼ࡞ࡢ☚Ẵᅥ-㞹㞫ᅥ⤎ྙ⣌ࡡ∸⌦ࢅゆ᪺ࡌࡾ୕࡚ᮇ㈹Ⓩ࡞㔔こሒࢅྱࢆ࡚ ࠷ࡾࠊᴗ࠽ࡻࡦ༞ᴗᇡ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ≻ち㔕࢛࣭࣒࣭ࣞࣚࢩ࣭ࣔびῼཱི࡚ᚋࡊࡒ㧏ゆാᗐࡡ࢛࣭ࣞࣚ ࡡິ⏤ാゆᯊ࠾ࡼࠉ࢛࣭ࣞࣚࡡ᚜⣵ᵋ㏸㸝<1km㸞ࡡິឺࢅᏽ㔖Ⓩ࡞᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࠊ (2) ࣒ࢮࢪࢢ࣭ࣜࡡ࢛࣭ࣞࣚິឺ࡞㛭ࡌࡾ◂✪㸯ᇱᆀུ࡚ಘࡊࡒ DMSP ⾠᫅㸝⡷ᅗࡡẴ㇗⾠᫅㸞 ྊち⏤ാࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ㧏ḗฌ⌦࣬⥽㞗ࡊࠉࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪࢅషᠺࡌࡾࠊ≁࡞ࠉ࢛࣭ࣞࣚࢪࢹ࣭࣏࣭ࣛ ≁ᚡⓏ࣒ࢮࢪࢢ࣭ࣜᵋ㏸ࢅࡵࡗ࢛࣭ࣞࣚ⌟㇗࡞Ἰ┘ࡊࠉࡆࡿࡼࢅ⏍ᠺࡌࡾ㜾ୖ㞹Ꮔࡡ࢙ࢾ࣭ࣜ࢟ ࢪ࣋ࢠࢹࣜࢅྜྷᏽࡌࡾ࡛࡛ࡵ࡞ࠉᇱᆀࡡධኮ࢛࣭ࣞࣚ⏤ാ࡛ࡡẒ㍉ゆᯊ࠾ࡼࠉ☚Ẵᅥᑹ㒂ࡡ㧏 ㏷ࣈࣚࢫ࣏Ὦ㸝Bursty Bulk Flow㸞࡛ࡡᑊᚺ㛭౿࡞Ἰ┘ࡊ࡙ゆᯊࢅ㐅ࡴ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ (3) EISCAT ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭࡞ࡻࡾ࢛࣭ࣞࣚ࠽ࡻࡦ㞹㞫ᅥᨈ࡞㛭ࡌࡾ◂✪㸯EISCAT ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࡢࠉ࢛࣭ࣞ ࣚⓆක㧏ᗐࡡࣈࣚࢫ࣏ࡷ㞹ሔࢅ㧏⢥ᗐ࡞びῼ࡚ࡀࡾࡒࡴࠉ࢛࣭ࣞࣚࡡ᚜⣵ᵋ㏸ࡷࢱࢻ࣐ࢠࢪࠉ㞹 㞫ᅥᨈࢅ◂✪ࡌࡾ୕࡚⌦ⓏびῼᡥἪࡡୌࡗ࡛ゕ࠻ࡾࠊࢹ࣑ࣞࢮ࠽ࡻࡦࣞࣤࢡࣕࣄࣤࡡ Ѹ 17Ѹ ― 17 ― EISCAT ࢦࢹ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ IS ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭࡛කᏕびῼ⨠ࢅ⏕࠷࡙ࠉࢸࣆ࣭ࣖࢫ࢛࣭ࣞࣚ୯ࡡࣇࣚࢴࢠ ࢛࣭ࣞࣚࡡິឺࡷ☚Ẵᔋ࡞ఔ࠹ኬぜᶅ㞹㞫ᅥᨈ⌟㇗ࡡ◂✪ࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ ᆀ⌣㞹☚Ẵ࣬ᆀ⌣ᝠ᫅ᅥᏕఌࠉAmerican Geophysical Union 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ 4. ♣ఌὩິ࣬㈁⊡ ༞ᴗᴗ⛁Ꮥ㤃ࢦ࢙ࣤࢪ࣬࢜ࣆ࢘㸝2010.12.25㸞ࠉࣄࢩࢾࢪ␏ᴏ⛸ஹὮఌ ࢬ࣐ࢻ࣭࣏࣬ࣜࢲ࣒ࢸᣲ⮾ࢬࣤࢰ࣭㸝2010.12.15㸞ࠉ࡛ࡖ࡙࠽ࡀࡡኮᩝㅦᗑ࣬ኣඵ㒌⛁Ꮥ㤃 㸝2011.2.20㸞 ⑤㛓ಲ ᩅ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ☚Ẵᅥ∸⌦Ꮥࠉ࢛࣭ࣞࣚ∸⌦Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ (1) ࢛࣭ࣞࣚࢦࣇࢪࢹ࣭࣑ࡡ◂✪㸯ᆀ୕びῼࢸ࣭ࢰ࡛㣍⩟మࢸ࣭ࢰࡡゆᯊ࡞ࡻࡾ࢛࣭ࣞࣚࢦࣇࢪ ࢹ ࣭࣑ࡡ◂✪ࢅ࡞⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊᆀ୕びῼ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡢࠉධኮ࣒࢜ࣚࡷࣆ࢚ࢹ࣒࣭ࢰ࡞ࡻࡾකᏕび ῼ࡞ຊ࠻ࠉࣆࣚࢴࢠࢪࢣ࣭ࢹ☚ງ゛ࠉࣤࢱࢠࢨࣘࣤ☚ງ゛ࠉ࢛࣒࣭ࣛࢰࡡびῼᶭჹࡡびῼ ࢸ࣭ࢰࡵ⏕࠷࡙࠷ࡾࠊ㣍⩟మࢸ࣭ࢰ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡢࠉDMSP ⾠᫅㸡FAST ⾠᫅ࠉ࠵ࡄࡡ⾠᫅ࠉࡡ 㧏ᗐ⾠᫅ࠉPOLAR ⾠᫅ࠉGOES ⾠᫅ࠉGEOTALL ⾠᫅ࠉࡡ㧏㧏ᗐ⾠᫅ࠉࡱࡒኬẴ⌣びῼཱི࡚ ᚋࡈࡿࡒࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ⏕࠷࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡆࡿࡼࡡࢸ࣭ࢰゆᯊࢅඔ࡞ࡊࡒ◂✪ࢅ㐅ࡴࡾୌ᪁ࠉ᩺ࡒびῼ ࢸ࣭ࢰཱིᚋࡡࡒࡴࡡᆀ୕びῼ゛⏤ࠉ㣍⩟మ㸝࡛ࡊ࡙ኬẴ⌣㸞びῼ゛⏤࡞ࡵཤຊࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ≁࡞ ࢪࣚࣤࢺѸ ᇱᆀභᙲⅤびῼ࡞ࡢ୯ᚨⓏ❟ሔ࡚㛭ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ (2) ኬẴ㞹ሔびῼ࡞ࡻࡾࢡ࣭ࣞࣁࣜࢦ࣭࢞ࢴࢹࡡ◂✪㸯༞ᴗ࿔ᅂẴ⌣ኬẴ⌣࡞ࡻࡾᠺᒒᅥኬẴ㞹 ሔびῼࠉᆀ୕ࡡࣆ࣭ࣜࢺ࣐ࣜ⨠࡞ࡻࡾᆀ୕㞹ሔびῼ࡞ࡻࡽࠉ㞶Ὡິ࡞㉫ᅄࡊࡒࢡ࣭ࣞࣁࣜ ࢦ ࣭࢞ࢴࢹࡡ㛏ንິࡡ◂✪ࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ (3) ᏼ✭㛭㏻ࢸ࣭ࢰࡡ⥽㞗࡛ප㛜㸯࢛࣭ࣞࣚୠ⏲㈠ᩩࢬࣤࢰ࣭ࡡ Director ࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉ࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉᇱ ᆀ࡛ࢪࣚࣤࢺ࡞࠽ࡄࡾᏼ✭㛭㏻ࢸ࣭ࢰࡡ‵ࣛࣜࢰཱི࣑ᚋࠉ⥽㞗ࠉಕ⟮ࠉප㛜ࢅ୯ᚨⓏ࡞㐅 ࡴ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᆀ⌣㞹☚Ẵ࣬ᆀ⌣ᝠ᫅ᅥᏕఌࠉAmerican Geophysical Union 4. ♣ఌὩິ࣬㈁⊡ ❟ᕖᕰᕰẰఌ㤃㸝2010.6/5㸞ࠉ㔕ཾ㐺㢟ᙪఌ㸝2010.7/28㸞ࠉ♼ዄᕖ┬⥪ྙᩅ⫩ ࢬࣤࢰ࣭㸝2010.7㸞ࠉᮟ⏛ዥᏄ㧏➴Ꮥᰧ㸝2010.10/21㸞ࠉỜᡖᕖ༇⛁Ꮥᩅ⫩ࢬࣤࢰ࣭㸝2010.11/06㸞ࠉᓞ ᰷┬─⏛㧏➴Ꮥᰧ㸝2010.12/16ࠉᴗᆀ◂㸞 ⑥ላ 㞖ᇱ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᩅ ኬẴ∸⌦Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ (1) ᴗᇡࡡ MF ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࠉὮ࣭᫅ࣝࢱ࣭びῼ⥑ࢅ⏕࠷ࡒᴗᇡኬẴἴິࡡ◂✪㸯ᇱᆀࢅྱࡳᅗࡡ ༞ᴗびῼᇱᆀࡡ MFࠉὮ࣭᫅ࣝࢱ࣭びῼࠉࡈࡼ࡞ᴗᇡࡡࢹ࣑ࣞࢮࡡὮ࣭᫅ࣝࢱ࣭ࢅྙࢂࡎࡒ ༞୦ᴗࡡ୯㛣ᅥ࣬ୖ㒂⇍ᅥびῼ⥑ࢅᙟᠺࡊࠉኬẴ₳ốἴࠉኬẴ㔔ງἴࡡ◂✪ࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ (2) SuperDARN ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭࡞ࡻࡾ୯㛣ᅥ⏲㟻㡷ᇡࡡ◂✪㸯㞹㞫ᒒびῼ⥑࡚࠵ࡾ SuperDARN ࢅฺ⏕ࡊ ࡙ࠉ୯㛣ᅥ⏲㟻㡷ᇡࡡ୯ᛮኬẴࢅびῼࡌࡾᡥἪࢅ㛜ⓆࡊࠉኬẴびῼᑍ⏕࣭ࣝࢱ࣭࡛࠵ࢂࡎ࡙ࡻࡽᗀ ࡂ༞ᴗᇡࢅ࢜ࣁ࣭ࡌࡾኬẴびῼ⥑ࡡᙟᠺࢅ᥆㐅ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ (3) ᇱᆀኬᆵኬẴ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭࡞ࡻࡾᴗᇡኬẴࡡ⥪ྙ◂✪㸯ኬẴ◂✪ࡡࡒࡴ࡞ࡢ(1)ࠉ(2)ࡡࡻ࠹࡞㟻 Ⓩ࡞ᗀࡂኬẴびῼࢅ⾔࠹ࡆ࡛࡞ຊ࠻ࠉᆀ⾪㎾࠾ࡼ㧏ᗐ 500km ࡡ㞹㞫ኬẴࡱ࡚ࡡᗀ࠷㧏ᗐ㡷ᇡࢅ Ѹ 18Ѹ ― 18 ― 㧏࠷⢥ᗐ࡚⢥ᐠ࡞びῼࡊ࡙⣪㐛⛤࡞㏍ࡾࡆ࡛㔔こ࡚࠵ࡾࠊࡐࡡࡒࡴ࡞ࡢࠉ༞ᴗᇡ࡚ࡢิ࡛ࡾ VHF ᖈࡡኬᆵኬẴ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࢅᑙථࡊࠉ㕼├㢴ࢅྱࡳ 3 ḗඔ㢴㏷ࢅ㧏⢥ᗐ࡚びῼࡌࡾࡆ࡛ᚪこ࡛ ࡾࠊ◂✪ᑊ㇗ࡡරమࡡࡒࡴࡡᏽⓏ◂✪ఌࡡ㛜തࡷࠉ༞ᴗ࡛࠷࠹≁Ṟ⎌ሾ࡚ࡡᐁ⌟࡞ྊḖ ᢇ⾙㛜Ⓠࢅ⾔࠷ࠉ゛⏤ࡡ᥆㐅ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡱࡒࠉኬᆵኬẴ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭࡚ࡵびῼࡡᅏ㞬୕㒂ᠺᒒᅥ࠾ ࡼୖ㒂⇍ᅥᇡࡡびῼࢅ࠹ࡒࡴࠉࣚࢱ࣭࡞ࡻࡾびῼ゛⏤ᐁ⌟ࡵ୩⾔ࡊ࡙㐅ࡴ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ⑦⾔ᮿ ᙪ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᆀ⌣㞹☚Ẵ࣬ᆀ⌣ᝠ᫅ᅥᏕఌࠉᮇẴ㇗Ꮥఌ ᩅ ㉰㧏ᒒኬẴ∸⌦Ꮥ㞹㞫ᅥ࣬☚Ẵᅥ∸⌦Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ SuperDARN ▯ἴ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࢅ⏕࠷ࡒ㞹☚ᅥࢱࢻ࣐ࢠࢪࡡ◂✪ࢅ୯ᚨ࡞◂✪ࢅ㐅ࡴ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ1995 ᖳ ࡞ᴗᆀ◂ SuperDARN ▯ἴ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭びῼ⥑࡞ཤຊࡌࡾ࡞࠵ࡒࡽࠉࡐࡿ௧๑࠾ࡼ࡞ᢇ⾙Ⓩ‵ങ ࢅ㐅ࡴࠉᇱᆀ࡚ࡡ 2 ᇱࡡ▯ἴ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࡡびῼ㛜ጙࠉᅗහࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪࡡషᠺࠉභྜྷฺ⏕ࡡࢸ ࣭ࢰᥞ౩࡛භྜྷ◂✪ࡡ᥆㐅࡞ຑࡴ࡙ࡀࡒࠊ2 ᇱ㐘⏕మโ㌮㐠࡞ࡽฝࡊ࡙࠾ࡼࡢࠉᮇ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࢅ ⏕࠷ࡒ᩺ࡊ࠷びῼᡥἪࡡ㛜Ⓠࢅᇱ࡞ࠉ≁ᏽࣄ࣭࣑ࡡ㧏㛣ฦゆ⬗びῼ࡞ࡻࡽࠉ࢜ࢪࣈᇡ㎾എ࡚ࡡࠉ ☚Ẵᅥ☚Ẵ්⤎ྙ㐛⛤࡛㛭㏻ࡌࡾ࡛⩻࠻ࡼࡿࡾࠉFTE ⌟㇗ࡡびῼ࡞ᠺຉࡊࠉࡐࡡኯ㝟㢴ንິࡡᚺ ➽࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡡ᩺ࡒ▩ずࢅᚋࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉࡆࡿࡱ࡚ࡡ࣏ࣜࢲࣂࣜࢪἪࢅ⏕࠷ࡒࢺࢴࣈ࣭ࣚࢪ࣋ࢠࢹࣜ びῼ࡛ᖲ⾔ࡊ࡙ࠉධ⏍ IQ ⣌าࢸ࣭ࢰࢅཱིᚋࡊࠉ㣍㌅Ⓩ࡞㧏࠷㛣ฦゆ⬗࡞ࡻࡾࢸ࣭ࢰཱིᚋࢅ⾔ ࠹びῼᡥἪࢅ㛜ⓆࡊࠉࡆࡡᡥἪࢅ⏕࠷࡙ࠉὮ࢙᫅ࢤ࣭ࡡࡲࢅฝࡊࠉ୯㛣ᅥ⏲㟻㡷ᇡ࡚ࡡ୯ᛮ㢴ࡡ 㧏ᗐฦᕱ࡛ࡐࡡ㛣Ⓠᒈࢅ SuperDARN ࡚ิࡴཱི࡙ᚋࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡞ᠺຉࡊࡒࠊSuperDARN ࡢ࡞ౚࢅ ず࠷ᴗᇡධమࢅさ࠹࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࢾࢴࢹ࣭࣠ࢠ࡚࠵ࡾࡒࡴࠉࡆࡡฺⅤ࡛᩺ࡊ࠷びῼᡥἪࢅ⤄ྙࡎࡾࡆ ࡛࡚ࠉࡆࡡ㧏ᗐ㡷ᇡ࡞࠷ࡄࡾᆀ⌣ぜᶅࡡ୯ᛮ㢴びῼ⥑ࡡᵋ⠇ࢅムࡲ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡱࡒࠉ୕エ⏍⣌าཱི ᚋ࣓࣭ࢺࢅ㞹㞫ᒒびῼ࡞ᚺ⏕ࡊࠉ࢜ࢪࣈ㡷ᇡࡷࠉ㞹㞫ᅥຊ⇍⨠࡞ࡻࡾெᕝທ㉫ FAI ࠾ࡼࡡ࢙ࢤ࣭ ࢅᤂ࠻ࠉFAI ࡷ㡷ᇡࢅ≁ᚡࡄࡾ∸⌦⣪㐛⛤ࢅᤂ࠻ࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡊࡒ◂✪ࢅ㐅ࡴ࡙࠷ࡾࠊཧࠉ SuperDARN ▯ἴ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࡢࠉᇱᮇⓏ∸⌦㔖࡚࠵ࡾ㞹㞫ᅥ㞹ሔࡡᗀᇡ 2 ḗඔ࡚ࡡびῼྊ⬗࡚࠵ࡾⅥࠉ ࡡᆀ୕びῼࡷࠉ⾠᫅びῼ➴࡛ࡡẒ㍉⥪ྙゆᯊ◂✪࡞ࡵ㢎⦶࡞ᙲ❟࡙ࡼࡿ࡙࠽ࡽࠉභྜྷ◂✪ࡷࠉ ᅗࡡ SuperDARN ཤຊ◂✪ᶭ㛭࡛ࡡᅗ㝷භྜྷ◂✪ࡡᵕឺ࡚ࠉࡆࡿࡼࡡ◂✪ࢅ᥆㐅ࡌࡾࡻ࠹ຑࡴ࡙ࡀ ࡒࠊ ༞ᴗᇱᆀུಘシങ࡚ࢸ࣭ࢰཱིᚋࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡒࠉ⛁Ꮥ⾠᫅ࠔ࠵ࡄࡡࠕࡡᨲᑏ⥲࣓ࢼࢰ࣭ (RDM)ࢅ⏕࠷ࡒࠉᆀ⌣☚Ẵᅥࡡᨲᑏ⥲ᖈ⢇Ꮔࡡᣲ⯑࠷࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡡ◂✪ࡵࠉ࡞Ꮻᏼ⛁Ꮥ◂✪ᡜࡷ᮶ ாᕝᴏኬᏕ࡛ࡡභྜྷ◂✪ࡡᙟ࡚⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ≁࡞ࠉኬࡀ☚Ẵᔋࡷ SC ࡡ㝷࡞㉫ࡆࡾࠉᨲᑏ⥲ᖈአ ᖈࠉහᖈཀྵࡦࢪࣞࢴࢹ㡷ᇡࡡ㧏࢙ࢾ࣭ࣜ࢟⢇Ꮔࡡᣲࡾ⯑࠷ࢅิࡴࠉහ㒂☚Ẵᅥࡡࢱࢻ࣐ࢠࢪ࡞ࡗ ࠷࡙ࡡࠉ◂✪ࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᆀ⌣㞹☚Ẵ࣬ᆀ⌣ᝠ᫅ᅥᏕఌࠉAmerican Geophysical Union 4. ♣ఌὩິ࣬㈁⊡ ୠ⏛ㆺ༇ᩅ⫩ጟဤఌതࠔᡧ⬗ࡡⰾࢅ⫩࡙ࡾమ㥺Ꮥ⩞ࠖ༞ᴗ᥀⣬ᩅᐄࠗࠕㅦ ᖅ 2010 ᖳ 10 ᭮ 16 ࠉ᮶ா㒌ୠ⏛ㆺ༇ ⑧ᒱ⏛ 㞖ᶖ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᩅ ☚Ẵᅥࣈࣚࢫ࣏∸⌦Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ☚Ẵᅥࣈࣚࢫ࣏∸⌦ࡡ⣪㐛⛤࡛࢛࣭ࣞࣚⓆක⌟㇗➴ࡡኬぜᶅ⌟㇗ࡢࠉ々㞟㟸⥲ᙟࣈࣚࢫ࣏㐛⛤࡞ Ѹ 19Ѹ ― 19 ― ࡻࡖ࡙㛭㏻ࡘࡄࡼࡿࡾࠊࡆࡿࡱ࡚ࡡࠉびῼࢸ࣭ࢰࡷ゛⟤ᶭᐁ㥺ࡓࡄ࡚ࡢ༎ฦ࡚࠵ࡖࡒ㒂ฦࢅࡻࡽ リ⣵࠾ࡗ⢥ᐠ࡞びῼࠉᐁ㥺ࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡽ⮤ᕤ↋ᧈ╌☚Ẵᅥࡡᥝാ࡞㏍ࡾࡆ࡛┘ᵾ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ ක Ꮥびῼࡢࠉ㧏࠷ἴ㛏ࠉ✭㛣ฦゆ⬗ࢅᣚࡖࡒびῼࢅ⾔࠹ࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡽ࢛࣭ࣞࣚⓆක㐛⛤ࡡ◂✪࡞⤎ࡦࡗ ࡂࠊࡱࡒࠉ⾠᫅びῼ࡞ࡻࡖ࡙࢛࣭ࣞࣚᖈ୕✭࡞࠽ࡄࡾ࢛࣭ࣞࣚⓆකࡡཋᅄ࡛ࡾᣲࡽ㎰ࡲ⢇Ꮔ゛ῼ ࡛⤄ࡲྙࢂࡎࡾࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡽ࢛࣭ࣞࣚⓆකࡡᅄᯕ㛭౿ࢅࡻࡽࡂゆ᪺ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ྊ⬗࡛ࡾࠊࡆࡿࡼ ࡡびῼࢸ࣭ࢰࢅᨥ࠻ࡾ⫴ᬊ࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉࣈࣚࢫ࣏∸⌦⌟㇗ࡡ⣪㐛⛤ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾ゛⟤ᶭᐁ㥺࡞ࡻࡾ◂ ✪࠽ࡻࡦ⾠᫅ࡡࣈࣚࢫ࣏㞹☚⎌ሾࡡ◂✪ࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙ࡀࡒࠊࡆࡿࡼࡡ◂✪㛜Ⓠ࡞ࡻࡽᑑᮮࡡኬぜᶅ゛⟤ ᶭᐁ㥺ᢇ⾙ࡷᏫᏼ᥀ᰕᢇ⾙ࡡ㐅Ṅ࡞ᐞࡌࡾࡵࡡ࡛ᙽࡈࡿࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᆀ⌣㞹☚Ẵ࣬ᆀ⌣ᝠ᫅ᅥᏕఌࠉ㞹Ꮔሒ㏳ಘᏕఌࠉሒฌ⌦ᏕఌࠉAmerican Geophysical Union, Union of Radio Science International ⑨ᑚᕖ ὀಘ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ㅦᖅ ㉰㧏ᒒ∸⌦Ꮥࠉ㞹㞫ᅥ∸⌦Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ (1) ᴗᇡ㞹㞫ᅥ࢛ࣤ୕᪴ὮࡡⓆ⏍ᶭᵋࡡ◂✪㸯Ḛ࡞シ⨠ࡈࡿࡒḚᕗ㟸ᖱῦᩋ㸝EISCAT㸞࣭ࣝ ࢱ࣭ࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࡢࠉ㧏ᗐ⣑ 90-1000 km ࡡ㞹㞫ᅥࣈࣚࢫ࣏ࡡᐠᗐࡷῺᗐࠉ㏷ᗐࢅ㧏ᗐ࣬㛣ฦゆ⬗Ⰳ ࡂびῼ࡚ࡀࡾࠉᩐᑛ࠷びῼ⨠࡚࠵ࡾࠊࡆࡡ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭࡛ெᕝ⾠᫅ࡷࣞࢢࢴࢹࠉᆀ୕࣬⾠᫅කᏕᶭ ჹࢅ┞Ⓩ࡞⤄ࡲྙࢂࡎ࡙ࠉᴗᇡ㞹㞫ᅥ࢛ࣤࡡࡻ࠹ຊ⇍ࡷຊ㏷ࢅུࡄ࡙☚Ẵᅥ࣬Ꮻᏼ✭㛣 ࡞Ὦฝࡊ࡙࠷ࡾ࠾ࢅㄢ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ (2) ୯㛣ᅥ⏲㟻࣬⇍ᅥࡡ୯ᛮኬẴࢱࢻ࣐ࢠࢪࡡ◂✪㸯EISCAT ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࢅ୯ᚨ࡛ࡊࡒ⛸ ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࡷびῼ⏕ࣞࢢࢴࢹࢅ⤄ࡲྙࢂࡎࡾࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡽࠉ୯ᛮኬẴࢱࢻ࣐ࢠࢪཀྵࡦࣈࣚࢫ࣏Ѹ ୯ᛮ ኬẴ㛣┞பష⏕ࡡ◂✪ࢅࠉᡜහአࡡභྜྷ◂✪⩽࡛༝ງࡊ࡙㐅ࡴ࡙ࡀ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ (3) ࢛࣭ࣞࣚࡡᕠちⓏཀྵࡦ᚜⣵ᵋ㏸࡞㛭㏻ࡊࡒ 3 ḗඔ㞹Ὦ⣌ࡡ◂✪㸯EISCAT ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࢨࢪࢷ࣑࡞ຊ ࠻ࠉAurora Large Imaging System㸝ALIS㸞ࡷ☚ẴᏄ༔㟻࢛࣭ࣞࣚฦකჹ㸝ASG㸞ࠉ㧏វᗐධኮ/≻ち 㔕࣒࢜ࣚ➴ࢅ⏕࠷ࡒකᏕⓏᡥἪ࡞ࡻࡽࠉ㞹㞫ᅥѸ ☚Ẵᅥ㛣ࡡ㞹Ὦ⣌ཀྵࡦ㞹ሔฦᕱࡡᙟᠺࢅ⌦ゆࡌࡾ ୕࡚㔔こࠉ㞹㞫ᅥࡡ⬗ິⓏᙲࡡ⌦ゆࢅ┘ᣞࡌ࡛භ࡞ࠉ࢛࣭ࣞࣚ⌟㇗ࡡ࣏ࢠ࡛࣐ࣞࢠࣞࡡ┞பష ⏕࡞㛭ࡌࡾ᩺ࡒ▩ずࢅ┘ᣞࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ ࡐࡡ࡞ࠉEISCAT ≁ืᐁ㥺ࡡࡒࡴࡡᐁ㥺ࣈࣞࢡ࣑ࣚཀྵࡦゆᯊࣈࣞࢡ࣑ࣚࡡ㛜Ⓠࡷࠉ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭࢛ ࣭࣋ࣝࢨࣘࣤࠉࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪషᠺࠉකᏕᶭჹࢨࢪࢷ࣑㛜Ⓠࡷ㐘⏕ࢅᢰᙔࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ⑩ෞᕖ ႌᘧ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᆀ⌣㞹☚Ẵᆀ⌣ᝠ᫅ᅥᏕఌࠉAmerican Geophysical Union ຐᩅ ୯ᒒኬẴ⛁Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ 㸝1㸞ᴗῸሾ⏲㡷ᇡࡡᤍᤂἴ㸯Ḛᕗ୯ሒࢬࣤࢰ࣭15 ᖳ්ゆᯊࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ⏕࠷࡙ࠉᏒᠺᒒᅥࡡᴗῸ ሾ⏲㡷ᇡ࡞ずࡼࡿࡾ࿔ 12ࠤ24 㛣ࠉỀᖲἴ㛏 2000㹠㹢⛤ᗐࡡ▯࿔ᨈࡡ≁ᚡࢅ⤣゛Ⓩ࡞ㄢ ࡒࠊ᳠ฝࡈࡿࡒ▯࿔ᨈࡢࠉ㡨ᅸᵋ㏸࡛⫴ᬊ㢴࡞ᑊࡊ࡙けྡྷࡀࡡన┞㏷ᗐࢅᣚࡔࠉ༞࡞ ࡢῸన໖㒼ࡡᴗኬ㎾࡚᭩ኬᣲᖕࢅࡵࡗ⟿↋ࡊᵋ㏸ࢅࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࡆ࡛ࢂ࠾ࡖࡒࠊࡆࡿࡼࡡᛮ㈹ࡢࠉ ࡆࡡ▯࿔ᨈᴗῸሾ⏲㡷ᇡࡡኬࡀῸన໖㒼࡞ᤍᤂࡈࡿࡒἴິ࡚࠵ࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ♟ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ 㸝2㸞༞ᴗୖ㒂ᠺᒒᅥ࡚びῼࡈࡿࡒ୯❟ἴິ㸯2002 ᖳ 6 ᭮࡞➠ 43 ḗ㉲㝪༞ᴗᇱᆀ࡚⾔ࡖࡒࣚ Ѹ 20Ѹ ― 20 ― ࢩ࢛ࢯࣤࢸ㞗୯びῼ࡞࠽࠷࡙ࠉ㡨ᅸᵋ㏸ࢅᣚࡗ࿔ 12ࠤ15 㛣ࡡ▯࿔ᨈ㧏ᗐ 22km ௧ ୕ࡡ㡷ᇡ࡚びῼࡈࡿࡒࠊᐂびゆᯊࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ⏕࠷ࡒゆᯊ࠾ࡼࠉỀᖲἴ㛏 2000km ⛤ᗐࡡᨈῸనᴗ ᑚ㡷ᇡ࡛භ࡞⫴ᬊ㢴㏷࡞➴ࡊ࠷న┞㏷ᗐ࡚᮶ྡྷࡀ࡞ఎ᧓ࡊ࡙࠷ࡒࡆ࡛ࢂ࠾ࡖࡒࠊ‵ᆀ⾦Ὦ⌦ㄵ࡞ ᇱࡘࡂ⌦ㄵⓏ⩻ᐳ࠾ࡼࠉࡆࡡᨈࡢ㡨ᅸᏭᏽ⫴ᬊὮ୯ࡡ୯❟ἴ࡛ࡊ࡙ゆ㔐࡚ࡀࡾࡆ࡛ࢂ࠾ࡖ ࡒࠊ 㸝3㸞ᅗ❟ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ⢇㊟⥲࣓ࢸࣜࡡ㛜Ⓠ㸯⢇㊟⥲ゆᯊ࡛ࡢࠉኬẴ୯ࡡ㢴㏷ሔࢅ⏕࠷࡙௴ណࡡ✭Ẵምࡡ ㉫″ࠉࡱࡒࡢ⾔ࡂᮆࢅㄢࡾᡥἪ࡚࠵ࡽࠉỗኬẴࡡኬ㝛㛣㍲㏞➴ࢅㄢࡾ㝷ࡡᚪ㡪ࢵ࣭࡛ࣜࡊ࡙ࠉ ࡐࡡᚪこᛮ㧏ࡱࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ➱⩽ࡼࡢࠉሒ࣬ࢨࢪࢷ࣑◂✪ᶭᵋ᩺㡷ᇡ⼝ྙ◂✪ࢬࣤࢰ࣭ࡡ࢞ࢿ ^2 ࣈࣞࢩ࢘ࢠࢹࡡୌ⎌࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉᅗ❟ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ≺⮤ࡡ⢇㊟⥲࣓ࢸࣜࡡ㛜Ⓠࠉཀྵࡦ࢛ࣤࣚࣤࢅ㐅 ࡴ࡙ࡀࡒ㸝http://www.firp-nitram.nipr.ac.jp/㸞ࠊࡱࡒࠉࡆࡡ࣓ࢸࣜࡡ᳠チࢅࡠ࡙ࠉࡡ⢇㊟⥲࣓ࢸࣜ ࡛ࡡẒ㍉ࠉ࠽ࡻࡦ␏ࡾᐂびゆᯊࢸ࣭ࢰ㛣ࡡẒ㍉ࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ 㸝4㸞ᴗῸ㛣ⓆᒈࡡᨭⰃࣚࢡࣚࣤࢩࣖᖲᆍゆᯊ㸯ᨭⰃࣚࢡࣚࣤࢩࣖᖲᆍ࡛ࡢࠉ᩷⇍ಕᏋ㔖࡚࠵ࡾῸన࣬ Ὼనࢅ༞࣬㕼├ᗑᵾ࡞⏕࠷ࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࠉಕᏋ㐛⛤㸝ἴິఎ᧓➴㸞࡛㟸ಕᏋ㐛⛤㸝ᨲᑏ࣬᧷➴㸞ࢅ 㝟࡞ฦ㞫ࡌࡾᡥἪ࡚࠵ࡾࠊᮇ◂✪࡚ࡢࡈࡼ࡞ࠉ㟸ಕᏋ㐛⛤ࢅᨲᑏ➴࡞ఔ࠹㟸᩷⇍㐛⛤࡛ࣈࣚࢾࢰࣛ ἴ◃ἴ➴࡞㉫ᅄࡌࡾ᧷㐛⛤࡞ฦ㞫ࡊࠉᏒᠺᒒᅥᴗῸࡡ㛣Ⓠᒈ࡞ᑊࡌࡾࡐࡿࡑࡿࡡᐞ࡞ࡗ࠷ ࡙㆗ㄵࡌࡾࠊࡆࡿࡱ࡚ࡡゆᯊ࠾ࡼࠉ༞༖⌣ᴗῸࡡ㛣Ⓠᒈ࡞ᑊࡊ࡙ᨲᑏこᙲࢅᯕࡒࡌࡆ࡛ ᪺ࡼ࠾࡛ࡖࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉࣈࣚࢾࢰࣛἴ◃ἴ࡞ࡻࡖ࡙ࡵࡒࡼࡈࡿࡾỀᖲΊྙࡡຝᯕࢅᏽ㔖Ⓩ࡞ビ౮ ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ྊ⬗࡞ࡖࡒࠊ 㸝5㸞୯⦃ᗐୖ㒂ᠺᒒᅥ࢛ࢯࣤᒒ≟ᵋ㏸ࡡ⏍ᠺ࣒࢜ࢼࢫ࣑ 㸝6㸞୯⦃ᗐᑊὮᅥ⏲㟻୯㛣ぜᶅἴິࡡ⌦ㄵ 㸝7㸞༞ᴗ࢛ࢯ࣭ࣤ࣌ࣜහ࢛ࢯࣤᒒ≟ᵋ㏸ࡡゆᯊ 㸝8㸞㧏ゆാᗐ GCM ࢅ⏕࠷ࡒᏒல⇍ᖈᠺᒒᅥ⏲㟻ẴῺᴗኬࡡゆᯊ 㸝9㸞༞ᴗᇱᆀ MF ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ⏕࠷ࡒኬẴ₳ốἴࡡゆᯊ 㸝10㸞ᠺᒒᅥ✲↓᪴Ὼࡡ᮶㢴ᣚ⤾ᛮ 㸝11㸞ᴗᇡࡡᑊὮᅥ⏲㟻㏣㌷ᒒ 㸝12㸞ᠺᒒᅥ✲↓᪴Ὼࡡ୯㛣ᅥᚺ➽ 㸝13㸞㧏ゆാᗐẴು࣓ࢸࣜࢅ⏕࠷ࡒᴗῸሾ⏲㡷ᇡࡡᤍᤂἴࡡ◂✪ 㸝14㸞࣏ࢠࣞࣂࣜࢪࣚࢱ࣭ࢅ⏕࠷ࡒᴗᠺᒒᅥ㞴ࡡ◂✪ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᮇẴ㇗ᏕఌࠉAmerican Geophysical Unionࠉᆀ⌣㞹☚Ẵ࣬ᆀ⌣ᝠ᫅ᅥᏕఌࠉᮇᆀ⌣ᝠ ᫅⛁Ꮥ㏻ྙ 4. ♣ఌὩິ࣬㈁⊡ ⑪Ờᑶ ┤ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ࠻ࡂ࡙ࡦ࠵ࢆ 2010 ᖳ 6 ᭮ྒࠔ࢛ࢯ࣭ࣤ࣌ࣜ࡞Ꮥࡩࠕ ຐᩅ ㉰㧏ᒒኬẴ⛁Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ (1) ୯㛣ᅥ࣬ୖ㒂⇍ᅥ㡷ᇡࡡῺᗐ࣬ᐠᗐንິࡡびῼ◂✪㸯୯㛣ᅥ࣬ୖ㒂⇍ᅥ㸝Mesosphere Lower Thermospehre: MLT㸞㡷ᇡࡢࠉῺᗐࡷኬẴ᚜㔖ᠺฦࡡ㕼├ฦᕱࢅ㛣Ⓩ࡞㏻⤾࡞びῼࡌࡾࡆ࡛ᴗ ࡴ࡙㞬ࡊ࠷㡷ᇡ࡚࠵ࡽࠉ㔘ᒌཋᏄභ㫾ᩋࣚࢱ࣭ࡢࡆࡿࡼࢅびῼ࡚ࡀࡾᩐᑛ࠷ῼჹࡡୌࡗ࡚࠵ ࡾࠊMLT 㡷ᇡ࡞ᒒ≟࡞Ꮛᅹࡌࡾ㔘ᒌཋᏄࡡୌࡗ࡚࠵ࡾࢻࢹ࣑ࣛཋᏄࡡභ㫾ᩋࢅฺ⏕ࡊ࡙ࠉࡆ ࡡ㡷ᇡࡡῺᗐࡷࢻࢹ࣑ࣛᐠᗐࡡ㕼├ฦᕱࢅびῼࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡽࠉኬẴἴິ࡞ᑊࡌࡾῺᗐሔࡡᙫ㡢ࠉ Ѹ 21Ѹ ― 21 ― ኬẴἴິ࡞ࡻࡾῺᗐࡷࢻࢹ࣑ࣛᐠᗐࡡንࠉࡈࡼ࡞ኬẴࡡ㕼├㐘ິࡷ∸㈹ࡡ㍲㏞ࡡ◂✪ࢅ ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ (2) ୯㛣ᅥ⏲㟻㎾ࡡኬẴ㔔ງἴࡡびῼ◂✪㸯୯㛣ᅥࡡኬẴኬᚘ⎌ࢅ㥉ິࡌࡾ࢙ࢾ࣭ࣜ࢟ࢅ㐘ࡦ㎰ࡳ ᙲࢅᢰࡖ࡙࠷ࡾኬẴ㔔ງἴ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉධኮᆵኬẴක࣒࣭ࢩ࣭ࣔࢅ⏕࠷࡙ࡆࡿࢅびῼࡊࠉ࣭ࣝ ࢱ࣭びῼ࡞ࡻࡾ㢴㏷ࢸ࣭ࢰࠉࣚࢱ࣭びῼ࡞ࡻࡾῺᗐࢸ࣭ࢰ࡛ྙࢂࡎ࡙ゆᯊࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡽࠉࡐࡡ ఎᦑ≁ᛮࡷ࢙ࢾ࣭ࣜ࢟㍲㏞㐛⛤ࢅ◂✪ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ (3) ᴗᇡ୯ᒒ࣬㉰㧏ᒒኬẴࡡකᏕ࣬㞹ἴ々ྙびῼ◂✪㸯ᴗᇡࠉ≁࡞༞ᴗᇱᆀ୕✭ࡡᠺᒒᅥ࠾ࡼୖ 㒂⇍ᅥࡱ࡚ࡡᗀ࠷㧏ᗐ㡷ᇡࢅ⥪ྙⓏ࡞びῼࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉ⌟ᅹࠉ㧏ᶭ⬗ࣚࢱ࣭࡛ኬᆵኬ Ẵ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࡡ㛜Ⓠ㐅ࡴࡼࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡆࡿࡼࡡ࠹ࡔ≁࡞ࠉῺᗐࡷኬẴ᚜㔖ᠺฦᐠᗐࡡ㕼├ฦᕱࡡ 㛣ንࢅ㧏࠷㛣࣬㧏ᗐฦゆ⬗࡚リ⣵࡞びῼࡌࡾࡒࡴࡡࣚࢱ࣭ࡡ㛜Ⓠ࡞こ࣒ࣤࣁ࣭ࡡୌெ࡛ࡊ ࡙ཤຊࡊࠉ◂✪ࢅ᥆㐅ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᆀ⌣㞹☚Ẵ࣬ᆀ⌣ᝠ᫅ᅥᏕఌࠉᮇẴ㇗ᏕఌࠉAmerican Geophysical Union 4. ♣ఌὩິ࣬㈁⊡ ዥᏄ୯㧏⏍ኚࡡᏕᰧ 2010ࠤ⛁Ꮥ࣬ᢇ⾙⩽ࡡࡒࡱࡇࡒࡔࠤ ᐁ⾔ጟဤ ཱིᮞ㸯㥬ྋങᏕᰧ ADVANCEࠔᮅᮮࡡịெᗀ࿈ࠕ㸝2010 ᖳᗐ VOLUME.3㸞 ㅦⁿ㸯♼ዄᕖ┬ᩅဤ◂ಞ㸝2010.6.28ࠉᴗᆀ◂㸞 2) ẴỀᅥ◂✪ࢡ࣭ࣜࣈ ①ᒜහ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᩅ ኬẴ∸⌦ᏕࠉᴗᇡẴುᏕ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ᴗᇡኬẴࡡᨲᑏᨥࠉኬẴ࣬∸㈹ᚘ⎌࠽ࡻࡦ㞴࣬ᾇểẴುࡡ◂✪ࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ㞯ể㟻୕ࡡኬẴࡡ ᨲᑏ≁ᛮࠉᾇể-ኬẴ┞பష⏕ࠉῺᐄຝᯕẴమࡷ࢛ࢯࣤࠉ࢙ࣞࢯࣜ࣬㞴ࡡንິ࡛ኬẴᚘ⎌࡛ࡡ࠾࠾ ࢂࡽࠉࡐࡡᨲᑏຝᯕࠉẴುᙫ㡢ࢅࡈࡃࡾびῼⓏ◂✪ࢅ༞ᴗࠉᴗ࡚ࡡᆀ୕びῼࠉẴ⌣ࠉ⯗✭ᶭࠉ⯢ ⯟➴ࢅࡖࡒびῼࠉẴ㇗ᐂびゆᯊࢸ࣭ࢰࡷெᕝ⾠᫅࡞ࡻࡾ࣓࣭ࣛࢹࢬࣤࢨࣤࢡࢸ࣭ࢰࡡゆᯊ࡞ࡻࡽ 㐅ࡴ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ᩺ࡊ࠷びῼࢨࢪࢷ࣑࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉ㢴ࡡ㸨ḗඔฦᕱࢅびῼࡌࡾኬᆵኬẴ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭㸝PANSY㸞 ࢅᇱᆀ࡞シ⨠ࡌࡾࡡ࡞㈁⊡ࡊࡒࠊࡐࡡࢸ࣭ࢰࢅࡖࡒゆᯊ࡞ྡྷࡄࠉᠺᒒᅥ-ᑊὮᅥ⤎ྙ࣬ஹᥦ 㛭㏻ࡡ◂✪ࢅ㐅ࡴࡾࠊࡈࡼ࡞ࠉ↋ெ⯗✭ᶭࡷᑚᆵኬẴཱིࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࡡ㛜Ⓠࢅ㐅ࡴࠉࡱࡒᗀᇡࡡ㞴 ࡡ㕼├ฦᕱࢅびῼࡌࡾࡒࡴࡡࣚࢱ࣭࣬㞴࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ᦒ㍍⾠᫅ࡡᐁ⌟࡞ࡗ࡛ࡴࡾࠊᴗᇡኬẴ⌟㇗࣬Ẵ ುࡡ⌦ゆࡡࡒࡴ࡞Ẵು࣓ࢸࣜࡡ༞ᴗ࣬ᴗᇡࡡ㐲⏕࡞ࡵ㛭ᚨࢅࡵࡗࠊ᩺ࡊࡂࠉ࢛࣭ࣜࢩࣔࣂࣤమ โ࡞ࡻࡾᴗῺᬦ◂✪゛⏤ࢅ᳠ゞࡊࡒࠊ ᖲᠺ 22 ᖳ 11 ᭮ࡻࡽࠉ➠ 52 ḗ༞ᴗᆀᇡびῼ㝪㛏ኚ㝪㛏ࢅຸࡴࡒࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ 㸝♣㸞ᮇẴ㇗Ꮥఌࠉ㸝♣㸞ᮇ㞯ểᏕఌࠉ࣒ࣛ࢜ᆀ⌣∸⌦Ꮥ㏻ྙ㸝American Geophysical Union㸞 4. ♣ఌὩິ࣬㈁⊡ ②♼ᒜ Ꮟྚ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᮅᮮ࢙ࢾ࣭ࣜ࢟༝ఌㅦⁿ㸝2010.5.27㸞ࠉࢿࣜ࢘ኬ㤃ㅦⁿ㸝2010.4.26㸞 ᩅ 㝛ỀᏕࠉᆀ⌣Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ (1) ༞ᴗểᗃ୕࡚ࡡ∸㈹ᚘ⎌㸯ኬ㝛ểᗃ୕࡞ኬẴ୯࠾ࡼᇼ✒ࡌࡾ∸㈹ࡡ㍲㏞࣬ን㈹㐛⛤ࡡ◂✪ࠉᇼ✒ Ѹ 22Ѹ ― 22 ― ᚃểᗃහ㒂࡚ࡡ⛛ິ࣬ን㈹㐛⛤ࡡ◂✪ (2) ࢸ࣭ࢰࡡຝ⋙Ⓩ✒࣬ප㛜᪁Ἢࡡ᳠ゞ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ③⏛ ㄌ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᮇ㞯ểᏕఌࠉᮇᆀ⌣Ꮥఌࠉᮇ㝛ỀᏕఌࠉAmerican Geophysical Union ᩅ ኬẴ∸⌦Ꮥࠉ㞴∸⌦Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ◂✪ㄚ㢗ࡢ㞴ཀྵࡦ㜾Ềࡡᙟᠺࡡ࣒࢜ࢼࢫ࣑࡚࠵ࡾࠊࡱࡒᐨ෫ᇡ࡚ࡢ㜾Ềࡡኣࡂ㞯࡛ࡊ࡙ⴘࡔ࡙ ࡂࡾࠊ㢴ᙁࡂᆀྻ㞯㉫ࡀࡾࠊࡆࡡࡒࡴ㜾Ề㔖ࡡびῼ㞬ࡊࡂ⢥ᗐࡡ㧏࠷㜾Ề㔖ࡡῼᏽἪࢅ᳠ゞ ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊኬẴ୯ࡡỀ㸝H2O㸞ࡢỀⵠẴࠉỀࠉ㞯࡞┞ንࡌࡾࠊỀⵠẴ࠾ࡼ㞴⢇ࡷểᬏᙟ ᠺࡌࡾ࡛ࡀኬẴ୯ࡡ࠵ࡾ⛸ࡡ࢙ࣞࢯࣜ㸝㞴ᰶࠉểᬏᰶ㸞㛭ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊᴗᇡࡡ㞴ࡢࠉῺ࡚ࡢ ࠵ࡾࠉ㐛෫༴ࡡ㞴⢇ࡡኣ࠷㞴Ꮛᅹࡌࡾࠊࡱࡒ≁࡞ᐨ࠷༞ᴗහ㝛㒂࡚ࡢể࡞ᑊࡊ࡙㐛㣤࡞ࡾ ᮪௲࡚ࡀࡾᵕ࡚ࠉểᬏ㛏㛣Ꮛᅹࡌࡾ≟ឺ࡛ࡾྊ⬗ᛮࡆࡿࡱ࡚࡞♟ြࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡆࡿࡼ ࡡࡆ࡛ࢅࠉኬẴ୯ࡡỀⵠẴ㔖ࠉ㞴Ề㔖ࠉểỀ㔖ࠉ࢙ࣞࢯࣜࡡ⢇ᙼฦᕱࢅびῼࡊࠉᚋࡼࡿࡒࢸ ࣭ࢰࢅゆᯊࡊ࡙◂✪ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ ࡱࡒ 2008 ᖳ࡞ࡢ⏍∸㉫″࢙ࣞࢯࣜ㞴ࡡᙟᠺ࡞ཀྵࡌᙫ㡢ࢅ⩻ ࠻ࡾࡒࡴ࡞ࠉ༞ኬὊࠉể⦍ᇡ࡞࡙◪ࢩ࣒ࢲࣜࡡびῼࢅびῼ⯢ࢅฺ⏕ࡊ࡙㛜ጙࡊࡒࠊᖲᠺ 22 ᖳᗐࡢ 2008 ᖳ 1 ᭮࠾ࡼ 2 ᭮ࡡびῼ⤎ᯕࢅࡱ࡛ࡴࡒࠊᾇὊ୯ࡡ◪ࢩ࣒ࢲࣜ㔖ኣ࠷㡷ᇡ࡛ኬẴ୯ࡡ◪ࢩ ࣒ࢲࣜኣ࠷㡷ᇡࡢ㔔ࡽࠉ⏍∸㉫″ࡡ◪ࢩ࣒ࢲࣜኬẴ୯࡞ᨲฝࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ☔ヾࡊࠉ ሒ࿈ࡊࡒ㸝༞ᴗ㈠ᩩ㸞ࠊࡱࡒᖲᠺ 21 ᖳᗐᮆ࡞ࡢࠔࡊࡼࡎࠕ࡞◪ࢩ࣒ࢲࣜびῼ⏕ࢤࣤࢷࢻࢅᦒ㍍ࡊࠉ ༞ኬὊࡡኚࡡびῼࢅびῼ㝪ဤ࡛භྜྷ࡚ᐁ⾔ࡊࡒࠉࡐࡡ⤎ᯕ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡢ᳠ゞ୯࡚࠵ࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᮇẴ㇗Ꮥఌࠉᮇ㞯ểᏕఌࠉᮇ࢙ࣞࢯࣜᏕఌࠉAmerican Meteorological Societyࠉ 㛜Ⓠᢇ⾙◂✪ఌࠉኬᏕビ౮Ꮥఌ ④ᮇᒜ ⚵᪺ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᩅ 㞯ểỀᩝᏕࠉ㞯ểᏕࠉཿẴುᏕ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ (1) ᅗහࡡᏒ⟿✒㞯ᆀᖈࡡ⼝㞯࣬Ὦฝ㐛⛤࡞㛭ࡌࡾ◂✪࡛ࢩ㧏ᒜᇡࡡỀᚘ⎌࡞㛭ࡌࡾ◂✪㸯ᾇ 㐠ẍᏄ㔓Ὦᇡ࡚ࡡẴ㇗࣬Ềᩝびῼ࡞ᇱࡘࡀࠉὮᇡ⼝㞯㐛⛤࡞⇍ᨥἪࠉὮฝ㐛⛤࡞ࢰࣤࢠ࣓ࢸࣜࢅ 㐲⏕ࡊࠉཚ࠾ࡼ⼝㞯ࡡỀᚘ⎌ᶭᵋࡡ◂✪࠽ࡻࡦ⼝㞯Ὦฝࡡῼࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊࡈࡼ࡞ࠉ㜾Ề㔖࡛ ẴῺ࠾ࡼ✒㞯ንࢅ්⌟ࡌࡾ᪁Ἢࢅ⩻᱄ࡊࡒࠊᅗහ࡚ࡡびῼ࣬◂✪࡛ᖲ⾔ࡊࠉࢾࣂ࣭ࣜࣃ࣏ࣚࣕ ࡡࣚࣤࢰࣤểἑὮᇡ࡞࠽࠷࡙㏳ᖳࡡỀᩝ࣬Ẵ㇗びῼࢅ࠽ࡆ࠷ࠉểἑὮᇡ࡚ࡡỀᚘ⎌ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡊ ࡒࠊ㏳ᖳࡡびῼࢅࡵ࡛࡞ࠉểἑὮᇡධమࡡ⼝㞯࣬Ὦฝ࣓ࢸࣜࢅషᠺࡊࡒࠊ (2) ᴗᇡࡡỀᚘ⎌࡞㛭ࡌࡾ◂✪㸯ᆀ⌣ぜᶅ㞯ểᅥࡡỀᚘ⎌ゆ᪺ࢅ୯ᚨ࡞◂✪ࢅ㐅ࡴ࡙ࡀࡒࠊ୦ᴗ࡚ὰ ᒒཀྵࡦᒒᤸ๎ࢤࢅཱིࡊࠉࢤゆᯊ࠾ࡼཿ⎌ሾሒࢅᣚࡗࢨࢡࢻࣜࢅฝࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࡷểᗃᙟᠺ ᶭᵋࡡ◂✪ࡵ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡱࡒ㜾㞯୯࡞ྱࡱࡿࡾ⣟∸✒㞯୯ን㈹ࡊࡼཱིࡽ㎰ࡱࡿࡾ㐛⛤ ࡞Ἰ┘ࡊ࡙◂✪ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡌࢂࡔᴗ࡚ࡢࢪࣁ࣭ࣜࣁࣜ᮶ᓞểἑࡡࢤᤸ๎࠾ࡼ㐛ཡ 600 ᖳ㛣 ࡡẴು࣬⎌ሾንິࡡᚗඔ࡛ࠉᴗᇡࡡᵕࠍᆀⅤ࡚ࡡびῼ࠾ࡼ⌟ᅹࡡᇼ✒⎌ሾࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡊࡒࠊ༞ ᴗ࡚ࡢἚᓃ࠾ࡼࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋᇱᆀࡱ࡚ 1000km ࡡ㍲㏞࣭ࣜࢹἚ࠷࡞㈹㔖ᨥびῼࡷ✒㞯ࢦࣤࣈࣛࣤࢡ ࡞ࡻࡾểᗃࡡ∸㈹㍲㏞◂✪ࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊࡱࡒࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋᇱᆀ࡚ࡡ㜾㞯ࡷ✒㞯ࡡ㏳ᖳびῼࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࠉ Ẵು࣬⎌ሾࢨࢡࢻࣜểᗃහ࡞ಕᏋࡈࡿࡾ㐛⛤ࢅ◂✪ࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࠉࢤゆᯊ࠾ࡼᚋࡼࡿࡾず࠾ࡄࡡ Ѹ 23Ѹ ― 23 ― ࢸ࣭ࢰ࠾ࡼࠉඔࡡẴು࣬⎌ሾࢨࢡࢻࣜࢅฝࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘ᣞࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ (3) 㞯ểࢤᤸ๎ᢇ⾙ࡡ㐅ᒈ࡛ᤸ๎Ὡິ㸯ᴗᇡ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ㐛ཡᩐ༐ᖳ࠾ࡼᩐⓊᖳࡡẴು࣬⎌ሾንິࢅゆ ᪺ࡌࡾࡒࡴࡡ 100-200m ⣥ࡡὰᒒᤸ๎ࡢࠉᴗࢪࣁ࣭ࣜࣁࣜ᮶ᓞ㸝1995ࠉ1999㸞ࠉ༞ᴗහ㝛ᇡࢺ࣭ ࣑ࡨࡋᇱᆀ㸝1994ࠉ1997ࠉ2001㸞ࠉࢺ࣭࣑㎾എ㸝2010ࠉ2011)ཀྵࡦࢺ࣭࣑༞ᆀⅤ㸝1997㸞ࠉ୯Ὦᇡ MD364 ᆀⅤ㸝2001㸞ཀྵࡦ YM85 ᆀⅤ㸝2002㸞࡚ᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊᒒࢤᤸ๎ࡢࢡ࣭ࣛࣤࣚࣤࢺ࡚ NGRIP ゛⏤ ࡞ཤຊࡊ㸝1996ࠉ1999ࠉ2003㸞ࠉᤸ๎ࢅᢰᙔࡌࡾ࡛࡛ࡵ࡞ᤸ๎ᢇ⾙ࢅ㧏ࡴࡒࠊࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋ࡚ࡡᒒ ᤸ๎࡞㛭ࡊ࡙ࡢࠉࢬ࣭ࣜࣞࣤࢱ࣭ࢾᒜᆀểἑࢷࢪࢹᤸ๎㸝1990㸞ࠉࢡ࣭ࣛࣤࣚࣤࢺ࡚ࡡᐁ㥺㸝1991㸞ࠉ ࣂࣞࢴࢹᏇᤸ๎࡛ࢢ࣭ࢨࣤࢡ㸝1993㸞ࠉ㉲ࡊ࡙ࡡࢺࣛࣜᅂషᴏ㸝1997㸞ࠉ➠ 2 ࣂࣞࢴࢹᏇ ᤸ๎࡛ࢢ࣭ࢨࣤࢡ㸝2001㸞࡛⤾ࡀࠉểᗃධᒒᤸ๎ࢅ┘ᣞࡊ࡙ 2003/2004 ࠾ࡼ 2006/2007 ࡡ 4 ࢨ࣭ࢫ ࡚ࣤ 3035.22m ࡱ࡚ࡡᒒᤸ๎࡞ᠺຉࡊࡒࠊ (4) ểᗃࢤ◂✪㸯ᴗᇡࡡểᗃࢤ◂✪ࡷ㞯ểびῼ࠾ࡼᩐ 100 ᖳࠤᩐ༎ᖳ๑ࡱ࡚ࡡẴು࣬⎌ሾንິ ࡡᚗඔࡷࡐࡡẴುንິ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡡ◂✪ࢅ㐅ࡴ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᮇ㞯ểᏕఌࠉᮇỀ㈠″࣬ỀᩝᏕఌࠉᮇᆀ⌣ᝠ᫅⛁Ꮥ㏻ྙࠉᅗ㝷㞯ểᏕఌࠉ࣒ࣛ ࢜ᆀ⌣∸⌦Ꮥ㏻ྙ 4. ♣ఌὩິ࣬㈁⊡ ࠔ༞ᴗびῼ࡛㞯ểびῼ࡛⚶ࠕࠉ㞯ểㄧヨఌࠉずᕝᴏኬᏕኣ┘Ⓩㅦ⩇ᐄࠉ2010 ᖳ 5 ᭮ 19 ࠔ༞ᴗびῼ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠕࠉけ㒋ᮟ⎌ሾᏕ⩞ㅦⁿఌ㸝ᑚᏕᰧ 5,6 ᖳ⏍ᑊ㇗㸞ࠉ⚗ᓞ┬け㒋ᮟᩅ ⫩ጟဤఌࠉけ㒋ᮟᩝࢬࣤࢰ࣭ኬ◂✪ᐄࠉ⚗ᓞ┬け㒋ᮟࠉ2010 ᖳ 10 ᭮ 7 ⑤ሲཋ ㈏ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᩅ ኬẴ∸⌦Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ (1) ᴗᇡ࢙ࣞࢯࣜࡡᨲᑏ≁ᛮ࡛Ẵುᙫ㡢࡞㛭ࡌࡾびῼⓏ◂✪㸯࣓࣭ࣛࢹࢬࣤࢨࣤࢡᡥἪ࡛⌟ሔびῼ ᡥἪ࡞ࡻࡽࠉ࢙ࣞࢯࣜࡡ∸⌦≁ᛮࠉᏕ≁ᛮࢅㄢࠉ࢙ࣞࢯࣜᨲᑏ㐛⛤ࢅ㏳ࡊ࡙ᴗᇡࡡẴು ᙟᠺ࡞ཀྵࡌᙫ㡢ࢅㄢࡾࠊ (2) ᴗᇡ࢙ࣞࢯ࡛ࣜ㞴ࡡ┞பష⏕࡞㛭ࡌࡾ◂✪㸯༞ᴗ࣬ᇱᆀ࠽ࡻࡦᴗ࣬ࢼ࣭࢛ࣜࢪࣤ࡞࠽ࡄ ࡾ㞴࢙࣬ࣞࢯࣜࡡ࣓࣭ࣛࢹࢬࣤࢨࣤࢡびῼ࡞ᇱࡘࡀࠉ࢙ࣞࢯࣜࡡ㛣ຝᯕ࡛ࡊ࡙ࡡ㞴ࡡකᏕ≁ ᛮࡡ⤊ᖳንࡷᏒ⟿ንິ≁ᛮ➴ࡡᐁឺࢅㄢࡾࠊ 3. ᡜ ᒌ Ꮥ ఌ ᮇ Ẵ ㇗ Ꮥ ఌ ࠉ ᮇ ࢙ ࣞ ࢯ ࣜ Ꮥ ఌ ࠉ American Meteorological Societyࠉ American Geophysical Union 4. ♣ఌὩິ࣬㈁⊡ ⑥᮶ ⨶Ꮔ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ♼ዄᕖ┬⌦⛁ᩅဤ◂ಞㅦᗑ㸝2010.7㸞 ᩅ 㞯ểᏕ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ᴗᇡࡷ㧏ᒜᇡࡡểᗃ࣬ểἑ࡞ࡢ㐛ཡ࠾ࡼ⌟ᅹ࡞⮫ࡾࡱ࡚ࡡኬẴ࡛✒㞯෫ಕᏋࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࠊᴗᇡ ࡷ㧏ᒜᇡࡡểᗃࡷểἑ࡞࠽࠷࡙㞯ểࢤࡷ✒㞯ࢅཱི࣬ゆᯊࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡽࠉ㐛ཡࡡẴು࣬⎌ሾን ິࡡゆ᪺ࢅࡌࡌࡴ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡆࡿࡱ࡚ᴗᇡࡡኣⅤ࡚ᤸ๎ࡈࡿࡒ㞯ểࢤࡡゆᯊࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࠉᴗᇡ࡞ ࠽ࡄࡾᆀᇡᕣ࡞╌┘ࡊࡒ◂✪ࢅ㐅ࡴ࡙ࡀࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉ༞ᴗびῼ㝪࡞ࡵཤຊࡊࠉ✒㞯୯ࡡ࢙ࣞࢯࣜࡡ ᗀᇡฦᕱࡷࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋᒒࢤ࡞㛭ࡌࡾ◂✪ࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ≁࡞ࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋᒒࢤ࡛ࢡ࣭ࣛࣤࣚ ࣤࢺᒒࢤࢅ⏕࠷ࡒ୦ᴗẒ㍉࡞ࡻࡽࠉểѸ 㛣ểࢦࢠࣜࡡ࣒࢜ࢼࢫ࣑ࠉ༐ᖳࢪࢢ࣭࡚ࣜ⏍ࡋ Ѹ 24Ѹ ― 24 ― ࡾ᛬⃥Ẵುንິࡡ࣒࢜ࢼࢫ࣑➴࡞╌┘ࡊ࡙◂✪ࢅᐁ᪃ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᮇ㞯ểᏕఌࠉInternational Glaciological SocietyࠉAmerican Geophysical Unionࠉᮇ➠ ᄿ⣎Ꮥఌ 4. ♣ఌὩິ࣬㈁⊡ ⑦⸠⏛ ⚵ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ♼ዄᕖ┬◂ಞㅦᗑ㸝2010.7.30㸞 ᩅ 㞯ể∸⌦Ꮥࠉ㞹ἴ࣓࣭ࣛࢹࢬࣤࢨࣤࢡࠉᚺ⏕∸⌦Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ᅖమ⤎ᬏ࡛ࡊ࡙ࡡểࡡ∸⌦ᏕⓏㅎᛮ㈹ࡡ⌦ゆ࡛ゆ᪺࡞Ⅴࢅ࠵࡙࡙ࠉฦᏄࢪࢢ࣭ࣜࡡ࣐ࢠࣞ ᵋ㏸ࡡ∸ᛮࠉểᗃࢪࢢ࣭ࣜࡡᕠኬểమࡡᣲࡾ⯑࠷࡛࠹ࡗࡖ࡙࠷ࡾ࠾ࡡゆ᪺࡞㍀㊂ࢅ࠽࠷࡙ ࠷ࡾࠊᐁ㥺ᐄ⣌࡚ࡡ∸ᛮ∸⌦ᐁ㥺◂✪࡛ࠉᴗᆀểᗃびῼࢅ୦㍧࡛ࡌࡾ◂✪ࢅࡌࡌࡴ࡙࠷ࡾࠊᴗᇡࡡ ểᗃࡢࠉᆀ⌣ࡡ୕࡚ࡡᕠኬࡈᨶ࡞㔔こ࡚࠵ࡽࠉࡐࡡ࣏ࢠࣞᛮ㈹ࡡ⌦ゆ࡞ࡢࠉࡐࡵࡐࡵểࡡ∸⌦ ᏕⓏᛮ㈹ࡡ▩ㆉ㔔こ࡚࠵ࡾ࡛ࡡ⩻࠻࡞ࡻࡾࠊᖲᠺ 13 ᖳᗐࡱ࡚ࠉᾇ㐠ኬᏕኬᏕ㝌ᕝᏕ◂✪⛁࡚ࡢࠉ ≁࡞∸ᛮ∸⌦ᐁ㥺◂✪ࢅࡌࡌࡴࡒࠊࡆࡡ㛣ࡡ◂✪࡚ࡢࠉể⤎ᬏࡡ㧏࿔ἴ࡚ࡡㄇ㞹␏᪁ᛮࡡⓆずࠉ ể⤎ᬏࡡ㧏࿔ἴ࡚ࡡ々⣪ㄇ㞹⋙ᩐ㒂ࡡྜྷᏽࠉểᗃࢤゆᯊࡡ᩺ᢇἪ AC-ECM ࡡ㛜Ⓠ࡛ 2503m ࢺ ࣭࣑ࡨࡋᒒࢤࡡᚺ⏕ࠉ࣭ࣝࢱびῼ࡞ࡻࡾểᗃහ㒂∸⌦ᒒᵋ㏸ࡡゆ᪺ࠉểᗃࢤ࣐ࣛἴㄇ㞹ࢷ ࣤࢮࣜ㏻⤾゛ῼࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࡡ㛜Ⓠ➴ࢅࡌࡌࡴࡒࠊᖲᠺ 14 ᖳᗐࡻࡽࠉᅗ❟ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ࡚ࠉểᗃᒒࢤ ࢦࣤࣈࣜࡡᤸ๎࣬゛ῼฌ⌦ࡷࠉࡐࡡࡒࡴࡡࣀ࣭ࢺ࣬ࢮࣆࢹࢨࢪࢷ࣑࡞ᚉࡊ࡙ࡀࡒࠊྜྷ࡞ểᗃහ 㒂ࡡ㐪㝰᥀ᰕ⨠⣌࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉኣ࿔ἴᩐ࣬ኣ೩ἴࡡểᗃ᥀ᰕ⏕㧏࿔ἴ࣏࣬ࢠࣞἴ࣭ࣝࢱࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࡡ 㛜Ⓠ࣬ᵋ⠇࡞ᚉࢅࡊ࡙ࡀࡒࠊ࣭ࣝࢱ゛ῼ࡞ᇱࡘࡂびῼࣈࣞࢱࢠࢹ࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉ༞ᴗහ㝛㒂ࡡểୖᆀᙟ ᅒ⥽⧡㸝≁࡞ࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋᆀᇡ࠽ࡻࡦࢺ࣭࣑㸶ᆀᇡ㸞࡞ᦘࢂࡖ࡙ࡀࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉểᗃᒒࢤࡡධᅗභ ྜྷฺ⏕࡞࠾࠾ࡾ⤄⧂షᴏࡡ࣒ࣤࣁ࣭ࡡୌெ࡛ࡊ࡙Ὡິࡊࠉ≁࡞ᒒࢤࡡᖳỬᏽࢡ࣭ࣜࣈࡡᖷ ࠉࡐࡿ࡞∸⌦ゆᯊ◂✪ࢡ࣭ࣜࣈࡡᖷ࡛ࡊ࡙Ὡິࢅ࠽ࡆࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊᖲᠺ 19 ᖳᗐ࡞ࡢࠉ➠ 49 ḗ ᮇ༞ᴗᆀᇡびῼ㝪㸝2007.10-2008.2㸞࡞࡙ᮇࢪ࣭࢘ࢸࣤභྜྷࢹࣚࣁ࣭ࢪࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊࡆࡿࡢࠉ ༞ᴗහ㝛㒂ࡡểᗃ⎌ሾࢅᗀᇡ࡚᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࡒࡴࡡࢪ࣭࢘ࢸࣤᅗࡡࢲ࣭࣑࡛ࡡභྜྷびῼ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ ᖲᠺ 20 ᖳᗐ௧㜾ࡢࠉࡆࡡびῼ࡞ࡻࡖ࡙ᚋࡒࢸ࣭ࢰฌ⌦ࡷࢦࣤࣈࣜฌ⌦ࠉࡐࡿ࡞ểᗃࢤゆᯊࡡ୦㍧ ࡡ◂✪ࡡ㐅ᤎࢅࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ᭩㎾ࡢࠉểᗃ⾪ᒒ㒂࡚Ⓠ⏍ࡌࡾ∸⌦࣬Ꮥࣈࣞࢬࢪ࡛ểᗃࢤࢨࢡࢻ ࣜࡡ⦽ࡽࡡゆ᪺ࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ⌟ᅹࡢࠉ≁࡞㞯࡛ểࡡ୯㛣≟ឺ࡚࠵ࡾࣆࣜࣤࡡᇼ✒࣬ንឺ࣬ ንᙟᶭᵋࡡゆ᪺◂✪ࢅࡌࡌࡴ࡙࠷ࡾࠊᖲᠺ 20 ᖳᗐ࡞ࠉᅗ❟ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜࡡ◂✪㛜Ⓠࣈࣞࢩ࢘ࢠࢹ࡛ࡊ ࡙ࠉࠔểኣ⤎ᬏ࠽ࡻࡦࣆࣜࣤムᩩࡡࠉ⤎ᬏ᪁న࣬⢇ᙼࡡኬ㔖⮤ິゆᯊ⨠ࡡ㛜Ⓠ◂✪ࠕࢅࡌࡌࡴࡒࠊ ࡆࡿ࡞ࡻࡽ⤎ᬏ⤄⧂ᵋ㏸◂✪ࡡኬᖕຝ⋙࡛ฝሒࡡᣉኬࢅࡢ࠾ࡽࡗࡗ࠵ࡾࠊᮇᏕ⾙ᣲ⮾ఌ ᅗ㛣ஹὮᴏ࣬ࢺࢵ࡛ࡡභྜྷ◂✪㸝ᖲᠺ 20-21 ᖳᗐ㸞࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉࠔ༞ᴗểᗃᒒࢤểࡡ⏍ᠺ࣬ን ឺ࣬ንᙟࡡ∸⌦ᶭᵋࡡゆ᪺ࠕࢅ᥆㐅ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡆࡿࢅ⏕࠷ểᗃࢤࡡ∸⌦ゆᯊ◂✪ࡡὩᛮࢅࡢ࠾ ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡱࡒࠉ⛁Ꮥ◂✪㈕ຐ㔘ᇱ┑◂✪㸝㸶㸞㸝ᖲᠺ 20-22 ᖳᗐ㸞ࡡຐࢅ࠹ࡄ࡙ࠉࠔ༞ᴗểᗃ හ㝛⾪ᒒ㒂ࡡᒒనᙟᠺࡡ∸⌦ᶭᵋ࡛ࡐࡡ㞹ἴ࣓࣭ࣛࢹࢬࣤࢨࣤࢡࠕࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊࢰࢹࣜࡡࡇ࡛ࡂࠉ ⾪ᒒ㐛⛤࡛ᒒ㒂ࡡሒࡡࣛࣤࢠࠉࡐࡿ࡞ࡐࡡᗀᇡ᥀ᰕࢅ┘ᣞࡊࡒࠊࡆࡿ࡞࠾࠾ࡾ➠㸦ሒㄵᩝࡡฝ ∟ࢅࠉᖲᠺ 23 ᖳ࡞ࡌࡌࡴ࡙࠷ࡾࠊリ⣵ࡢࠉᴏ⦴-ᰕㄖࡀㄵᩝࡡࣛࢪࢹ࡞エ㍍ࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᮇ㞯ểᏕఌࠉInternational Glaciological SocietyࠉAmerican Geophysical UnionࠉEuropean Geosciences Union Ѹ 25Ѹ ― 25 ― ⑧∭ᑹ ㍜ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᩅ ᴗᇡᾇὊᏕ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ᴗᇡࡡࡲࡼࡍࠉᆀ⌣ぜᶅࡡẴುᙟᠺ࣬ንິ࡞㔔こᙲࢅᯕࡒࡊ࡙࠷ࡾᾇểᠺ㛏࣬⼝ゆ㐛⛤࡛ࠉ ࡐࡿ࡞㛭㏻ࡌࡾᾇὊᵋ㏸࣬ᚘ⎌≁ᛮࡡንິࢅ◂✪ᑊ㇗࡛ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ≁࡞ᾇểᇡහ࡞ᙟᠺࡈࡿࡾ 㛜Ề㟻ࡷểᇡ࡚࠵ࡾ࣎ࣛࢼᇡࡡᐁឺࠉ༞ᴗኬ㝛࿔㎮ࡡἚᓃᏽ╌ểࡷἀྙὮểᇡࡡ㛏ንິ≁ᛮࠉ ༞ኬὊ㧏⦃ᗐᇡࡡᾇὊ∸⌦㐛⛤ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉ⌟ᆀびῼ࡛⛸ࢸ࣭ࢰゆᯊࢅ㐅 ࡴ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ㎾ᖳࠉ༞ኬὊࣤࢺὊ༇ࡡᏒ⟿ᾇểᇡ࡞࠽ࡄࡾᾇὊ∸⌦びῼ࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉࣈࣞࣆࣛࣤࢡ ࣆ࣭ࣞࢹࡡᒈ㛜ࢅ✒ᴗⓏ࡞㐅ࡴ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡆࡡびῼ࡚ᚋࡼࡿࡒࢸ࣭ࢰ࡛භ࡞ࠉ⾠࣓࣭᫅ࣛࢹࢬࣤࢨࣤ ࢡࡷ⯗ᾇびῼࠉẴ㇗࣬Ẵುࢸ࣭ࢰ➴ࢅ⏕࠷ࡒゆᯊࠉ⩻ᐳࢅ㏳ࡊ࡙ࠉᴗᇡᾇὊ࡛ᾇể∸⌦࡞㛭ࡌࡾ◂ ✪࡞ཱི⤄ࢆ࡚࠷ࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᮇᾇὊᏕఌࠉᮇ㞯ểᏕఌࠉAmerican Geophysical Union 4. ♣ఌὩິ࣬㈁⊡ ⑨ᮇ ┷ྒྷ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ௧ୖࡡㅦⁿఌࠊᮇὊ㒿㍲ථ༝ఌ㸝2010.5㸞ࠉඹᗔ┬❟⚗ᓧ㧏➴Ꮥᰧ㸝2010.11㸞 ᩅ ኬẴ∸⌦Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ᆀ⌣⾪ᒒ࡞࠽ࡄࡾῺᐄຝᯕẴమࡡᚘ⎌࡞㛭ࡌࡾ◂✪㸯ᆀ⌣⾪ᒒᆀ⌣⾪ᒒ࡞࠽ࡄࡾῺᐄຝᯕẴమࡡን ິ࡛ᨥࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࡒࡴ࡞ࠉ༞ᴗᇱᆀ࠽ࡻࡦᴗࢼ࣭࢛ࣜࢪࣤᇱᆀ࡞࠽࠷࡙ࠉῺᐄຝᯕẴ మ⃨ᗐཀྵࡦྜྷనమẒࡡ㛏びῼࢅᅗහභྜྷ◂✪⩽ࡡ༝ງࡡୖ࡞⥌ᣚࡊࠉ㧏⢥ᗐࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ✒ࡊ࡙࠷ ࡾࠊ≁࡞ࠉCO2࣬CH4 ࡡ⅛⣪࣬㓗⣪ྜྷనమẒࡡ㧏⢥ᗐびῼ࠾ࡼࠉࡐࡿࡼࡡᨲฝ″࣬ྺ″ࡡንິ࡞ ࡗ࠷࡙⩻ᐳࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ ᩺ࡊ࠷びῼ࣬ฦᯊᡥἪ࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉᑚᆵẴ⌣࡞ᦒ㍍ྊ⬗ᑚᆵᠺᒒᅥኬẴࢦࣤ ࣈ࣭ࣚࡡ㛜Ⓠཀྵࡦ㓗⣪⃨ᗐ㏻⤾びῼࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࡡ㛜Ⓠࢅ⤽⤾୯࡚࠵ࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᮇẴ㇗Ꮥఌ 4. ♣ఌὩິ࣬㈁⊡ ⑩ᖲἉ ᑠᙢ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ඹᗔ┬ຊཿᕖ᮶㧏ᰧ㸝2010.11㸞 ຐᩅ Ẵ㇗࣬Ẵು 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ኬẴ୯࡞ỀⵠẴ࡛ࡊ࡙ᏋᅹࡌࡾỀࡡୌ㒂ࡢฆ⤎ࡷ᪴⳱࡞ࡻࡖ࡙㞭ࡷ㞯࡛ࡽ㜾Ề࡛ࡊ࡙ᆀ⾪㟻㸝ᾇ Ὂࡷ㝛ᆀ㸞࡞⛛ິࡌࡾࠊỀࡢᆀ⾪㟻࠾ࡼࡡⵠⓆ࡞ࡻࡖ්࡙ࡦኬẴ୯࡞⛛ິࡌࡾࠊኬẴࢅྱࡳᆀ⌣⾪ ᒒ࡚ࡢࡆࡡࡻ࠹࡞ࡊ࡙Ềᚘ⎌ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊᴗᇡࡢῺࡡࡒࡴኬẴ୯࡞ᏋᅹࡊᚋࡾỀⵠẴ㔖ࡢᆀ⌣୕ ࡡࡡᆀᇡ࡛Ẓ࡙ᑛ࠷ࠊྜྷ࡞ᆀ⾪㟻࠾ࡼࡡⵠⓆ㔖ࡷ㜾Ề㔖ࡵᑛࡂࠉᚘ⎌ࡌࡾỀࡡ㔖ࡢᑛ ࠷ࠊࡐࡿ࡚ࡵࠉ㛏࠷㛣ࢅ᤻ࡄ࡙༞ᴗểᗃࡡࡻ࠹ᕠኬểࡡኬ㝛ࢅషࡽ୕ࡅ࡙࠷ࡾࠊỀᚘ⎌࡞㛭 ࢂࡾᴗᇡࡡẴ㇗㐛⛤࡞ࡢࠉ୯⦃ᗐࡷ⦃ᗐ࡛ࡢ␏ࡾ⮾࠷⌟㇗࠵ࡾࠊᢙⓆ⏍ࡌࡾࣇࣞࢴ࢞ ࣤࢡ⌟㇗ࡷⓆ㐡ࡊࡒ⥪びぜᶅᨈ࡞ࡻࡽࠉ⦃ᗐഁ࠾ࡼኬ㔖ࡡỀⵠẴୌẴ࡞ᣚࡔ㎰ࡱࡿ㜾Ềࢅ㉫ ࡆࡌࠊୌᖳࡡ࠹ࡔ࡞ 10 ᅂ⛤ᗐࡊ࠾㉫ࡆࡼ࠷ࡆࡡࡻ࠹࣊ࣤࢹᖳ㛣㜾Ề㔖ࡡ༖ฦ⛤ᗐࢅࡵᢰࡖ ࡙࠷ࡾྊ⬗ᛮ࠵ࡾࡆ࡛᭩㎾ฦ࠾ࡖ࡙ࡀࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉᆀ୕࠾ࡼ 1000m ⛤ᗐࡱ࡚ࡡୖᒒ࡞ࡢẴῺ㏣㌷ ᒒ㸝ẴῺᴗ❻࡞࠷ᒒ㸞Ⓠ㐡ࡊࠉࡐࡡ୯࡚ᙟᠺ࣬ᠺ㛏ࡌࡾᑚࡈểࡡ⤎ᬏ࡞ࡻࡾ㜾Ề㸝ࢱࣕ ࣓ࣤࢺࢱࢪࢹ㸞Ꮢ࡞ࡢẎ⤧࠻㛣ࡂ⤾ࡀࠉṟࡽࡡ㜾Ề㔖ࡡኬ㒂ฦࢅᢰࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ༞ᴗểᗃ୕ Ѹ 26Ѹ ― 26 ― ࡚ࡢࠉ㞯㟻ࡡ╌㟎㔖㜾Ề㔖ࡡ 10㸚⛤ᗐ࡞ࡱ࡚ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࡆ࡛ࡵ㢟ⴥ≁ᚡ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ ࡆࡡࡻ࠹ᴗᇡࡡỀᚘ⎌ࠉࡐࡿ࡞㛭ࢂࡾኬẴ⎌ሾ࡛ኬẴᚘ⎌ࠉཀྵࡦࡐࡿࡼࡡንິࢅ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛ࡊ࡙ ࠷ࡾࠊ◂✪ࡡ᥆㐅࡞࠵ࡒࡖ࡙ࡢࠉ༞ᴗびῼ㝪ࡡཤຊ➴࡞ࡻࡾᴗᇡࡷᅗහᐨ෫ᆀ࡚ࡡࣆ࣭ࣜࢺび ῼࢅ⾔࠷ࠉᇱᆀ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ⾠᫅ࢸ࣭ࢰུಘࢅ⤽⤾Ⓩ࡞ᐁ᪃ࡌࡾ࡛࡛ࡵ࡞ࠉᅗ㝷Ⓩ࡞භ᭯ࡈࡿ࡙࠷ ࡾ⾠᫅ࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࢜ࣇࡷධ⌣ኬẴᐂびゆᯊࢸ࣭ࢰ➴ࢅฺ⏕ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊびῼࢸ࣭ࢰࡡ⌦ㄵⓏ⩻ᐳࡡ ࡒࡴࡡᩐೋ࣓ࢸࣜᐁ㥺ࡷࠉᑑᮮࡡᴗᇡ࡚ࡡࣆ࣭ࣜࢺびῼࡡⓆᒈ࡞ྡྷࡄࡒẴ㇗びῼ⨠ࡷ↋ெ㣍⾔ ᶭࡡᐁ㥺Ⓩびῼࡵᐁ᪃ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ ࡱࡒࠉᴗᇡ࣬ᐨ෫ᇡࡡ◂✪ࢤ࣐ࣖࢼࢷࢅ⥌ᣚࡊᗀࡅࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘Ⓩ࡞ࠉẴ㇗Ꮥఌࡡ୯࡞ᴗᇡ࣬ᐨ෫ ᇡ◂✪㏻⤙ఌࢅ⤄⧂ࡊࡐࡡ㐘ႜࢅභྜྷ࡚ᢰ࠹࡛࡛ࡵ࡞ࠉᅗ㝷Ⓩ࡞ࡢ International Commission on Polar Meteorology (ICPM㸯IAMAS හጟဤఌ)ࡡጟဤࢅຸࡴ࡙࠷ࡾࠊᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾᴗᇡẴỀᅥࢨ ࣤ࣎ࢩ࣑ࠉභྜྷ◂✪ࠉㄵᩝヽ“༞ᴗ㈠ᩩ”ࡡ⥽㞗ࠉࡈࡼ࡞ࠉ◂✪ᡜࡡᗀሒ࡛ࡊ࡙࣭࣑࣭࣌࣋ࢩ ⥽㞗ࠉ≁࡞ୌ⯙࣬Ꮔࡵྡྷࡄࡡ௺⏤ࢅ㐅ࡴ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᮇẴ㇗Ꮥఌࠉᮇ㞯ểᏕఌ 4. ♣ఌὩິ࣬㈁⊡ ᒜᲅኬᏕᕝᏕ㒂㞗୯ㅦ⩇㸝12/15㸞ࠉ᮶ᗛཪࡡఌ㸝10/9㸞ࠉ᮶ா㒌❟ᅧⰹ 㧏ᰧ㸝12/14㸞 ⑪ཿᕖ ᬏ㞕 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ຐᩅ 㞯ểᏕ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ༞ᴗểᗃ⾪㟻ࡡᇼ✒㐛⛤㸯༞ᴗểᗃ⾪㟻࡞ࡲࡼࡿࡾᵕࠍᙟឺࡡᗀᇡฦᕱ≁ᛮ࠾ࡼࠉểᗃࡡ㈹㔖 ᨥ࡞㛭ࢂࡾ⾪㟻㈹㔖ᨥࡡビ౮ࢅ⾔࠹ࠊ≁࡞ࠉ㛏ᇼ✒୯᩷ᙟឺ࡚࠵ࡾකἉ㞯㟻࡞╌┘ࡊࠉකἉ㞯 㟻ࡡฦᕱ≁ᛮ࡛⾪㟻㈹㔖ᨥ࡞ཀྵࡌᙫ㡢ࡡᏽ㔖Ⓩビ౮ࢅ⾔࠹ࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ⑫ᶣ⏛ ඔ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᮇ㞯ểᏕఌ ຐᩅ ᴗᇡᾇὊᏕࠉ⏍∸ᆀ⌣Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ༞ኬὊࡡࣤࢺὊ༇࢛࣭࣬ࢪࢹࣚࣛ༇ࢅࣆ࣭ࣜࢺ࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉ⾪ᒒᾇὊ୯ࡡ㓗⅛⣪⃨ᗐࡡ ⁈Ꮛ⅛㓗∸㈹ࡡ✭㛣ⓏฦᕱࡷࠉᏒ⟿ን࣬⤊ᖳንິࢅびῼࡊࠉᴗᇡᾇὊᆀ⌣⾪ᒒ࡞࠽ࡄࡾኬẴѸ ᾇὊ⣌ࡡ㓗⅛⣪ᚘ⎌࡞ཀྵࡌᙫ㡢࠽ࡻࡦᾇὊ㓗ᛮࡡ◂✪ࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡱࡒࠉ༞ᴗᇡࢅྱࡳ ༖⌣ぜᶅࡡኬẴ㍲㏞㐛⛤ࠉᇱᆀࡷࡊࡼࡎ⯢୕࡚びῼࡈࡿࡾᆀ୕࢛ࢯ⃨ࣤᗐࡡ✭㛣Ⓩฦᕱࡷࡐ ࡡንິ࡞ࡡࡻ࠹ᙫ㡢ࢅ࠻࡙࠷ࡾ࠾ࡡ◂✪ࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ⑬ᕖᮟ ㈴ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᮇᾇὊᏕఌࠉᮇẴ㇗ᏕఌࠉAGUࠉኬẴᏕ◂✪ఌ ຐᩅ ểᗃࢤẴమฦᯊ㸡ཿẴು࣬ཿ⎌ሾᚗඔ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ᴗᇡểᗃࢤࡡẴమฦᯊ࡞ࡻࡾẴುንິ࡛ῺᐄຝᯕẴమንິࡡᚗඔࠉ࠽ࡻࡦࡐࡿࡼࡡ┞ப㛭౿ࡡᢍ ᥩࢅ㏳ࡋࡒẴುንິࡷῺᐄຝᯕẴమᚘ⎌ࡡ࣒࢜ࢼࢫ࣑ࡡゆ᪺ࢅ┘ᣞࡊࡒ◂✪ࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊểᗃࢤ ࡡẴమฦᯊࢅභྜྷ◂✪࡛ࡊ࡙᮶ኬᏕ࡞࠽࠷࡙㐅ࡴࡼࠉᚃᩐᖳࢅ࠾ࡄ࡙ᴗᆀ◂࡞Ẵమฦᯊ Ѹ 27Ѹ ― 27 ― ࡡᐁ㥺シങࢅᩒ࠻ࡾࡆ࡛ࡵኬࡀㄚ㢗࡛ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ ࡆࡿࡱ࡚ࡡ◂✪Ὡິࡡᴣこ (1) 㸝᮶ኬᏕ㸡ኬᏕ㝌༡ኃㄚ⛤ࠤኬᏕ㝌◂✪⏍㸡1996-2002㸞➠ 1 ࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋࢤࢅ⼝ゆἪ࡞ࡻ ࡽฦᯊࡊࠉ㓗⅛⣪ࠉ࣒ࢰࣤࠉୌ㓗✽⣪ࡡ⃨ᗐࠉ✽⣪ฦᏄࡡྜྷనమẒࠉ㓗⣪ฦᏄࡡྜྷనమ Ẓࠉ㓗⣪✽⣪Ẓࠉྱ᭯✭Ẵ㔖ࢅྜྷ࡞ῼᏽࠉᚗඔࠊ༞ᴗࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋࠉH72ࠉࢡ࣭ࣛࣤࣚࣤࢺ NGRIP ࠾ࡼ㞗ࡈࡿࡒࣆࣜࣤ✭Ẵࢅ⏕࠷ࡒ㐛ཡᩐ༎ᖳࡡኬẴ⤄ᠺࡡᚗඔࠉ࠽ࡻࡦࣆࣜࣤහ㒂ࡡᑊὮΊ ྙ࡛㔔ງฦ㞫࡞㛭ࡌࡾ◂✪ࠊ (2) 㸝ࢪࢪ࣬࣊ࣜࣤኬᏕࠉ࣎ࢪࢺࢠ◂✪ဤࠉ2002-2004㸞༞ᴗࢺ࣭࣑ C ࢤ㸡EDML ࢤ࡞ࡻࡾ 㓗⅛⣪⃨ᗐࡡᚗඔࠊࢡ࣭ࣛࣤࣚࣤࢺ NGRIP ࢤ࡞ࡻࡾ࣒ࢰ࡛ࣤୌ㓗✽⣪⃨ᗐࡡᚗඔࠊ᩺ࡊ ࠷ว๎Ἢ✭Ẵฝ⨠ࡡ㛜Ⓠࠊ᪴⳱Ἢฝ⨠ࡡᨭⰃࠊ (3) 㸝⡷ᅗ࣬ࢪࢠࣛࢴࣈࢪᾇὊᏕ◂✪ᡜࠉ࣎ࢪࢺࢠᆀ⌣Ꮥ◂✪ဤࠉ2004-2006㸞༞ᴗ࣒࢝ࢸ࣭ࣖࣤ ᆀᖈ࠾ࡼ㞗ࡈࡿࡒࣆࣜࣤ✭Ẵࡡࢠࣛࣈࢹࣤ࠽ࡻࡦ࢞ࢬࢿࣤࡡᏭᏽྜྷనమẒࡡ㧏⢥ᗐฦᯊ࡞ࡻ ࡾࣆࣜࣤࡡᑊὮΊྙ࡞㛭ࡌࡾ◂✪ࠊ༞ᴗ࣍ࢪࢹ࣭ࢠࢤࡡࢠࣛࣈࢹࣤྜྷనమẒࡡฦᯊ࡞ࡻࡾࠉể ࡡࣆࣜࣤ࡞࠽ࡄࡾᑊὮΊྙࡡゆ᪺ࠊ (4) 㸝᮶ኬᏕࠉຐᡥࠉ2006-2007㸞➠ 2 ࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋࢤࡡᒒ㒂ฦᯊࡡࡒࡴࡡฦᯊᶭჹࡡ᩺ぜᑙ ථ࡛ㄢᩒࠊ➠ 1 ࢤࡡ㓗⣪✽⣪Ẓࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ⏕࠷ࡒࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋࢤࡡ㧏⢥ᗐểᖳࡡ☔❟ࠊ (5) 㸝ᅗ❟ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ㸡2007í⌟ᅹ㸞➠ 2 ࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋࢤࡡᒒ㒂㸝2400m ௧㸞ࡡ࢝ࢪᇱᮇゆᯊ ࠉểᗃࢤࡡẴమゆᯊࢅࡵ࡛࡞ࡊࡒཿ⎌ሾ◂✪ࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᮇẴ㇗Ꮥఌࠉᮇ㞯ểᏕఌࠉᮇ➠ᄿ⣎ᏕఌࠉAmerican Geophysical UnionࠉAmerican Association for the Advancement of Science 4. ♣ఌὩິ࣬㈁⊡ ౪㢏ㅦⁿ㸯➠ 8 ᅂᆀ⌣ࢨࢪࢷ࣑࣬ᆀ⌣㐅 ࢼ࣭࣭ࣖࣕࢪࢠ࣭ࣜࠔᆀ⌣ࢅ᪉ࡌࡾỀࡡ⛁Ꮥࠕ2010 ᖳ 1 ᭮ 9-10 ౪㢏ㅦⁿ㸯᮶ாᆀᏕ༝ఌ⚽Ꮢප㛜ㅦⁿఌࠔ༞ᴗࡡ㐛ཡ࠾ࡼᆀ⌣ࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࡡ࣒࢜ࢼࢫ࣑࡞㏍ࡾࠕ2010 ᖳ 10 ᭮ 30 3) ᆀᅥ◂✪ࢡ࣭ࣜࣈ ①Ⓣ▴ ⾔ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᩅ ᆀ㈹Ꮥࠉᒷ▴Ꮥࠉᆀ⌣ᖳᏕࠉࢷࢠࢹࢼࢠࢪ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ኬ㝛ᆀṾࡡᙟᠺྍ㸯ெ㢦ࡡ⏍Ꮛᇱ┑࡚࠵ࡾኬ㝛ᆀṾᆀ⌣୕࡞⏍ࡱࡿ࡙࠾ࡼࠉ࠷࠾ࡾን㐼ࢅ⤊࡙ ࡞⮫ࡖࡒࡡ࠾ࠉࢥࣤࢺ࣠ࢻཀྵࡦࣞࢸࢼࡡࡗࡡ㉰ኬ㝛ࡡᙟᠺ࡛Ⓠ㐡ࠉฦࡡ㐛⛤ࢅ㏳ࡋ࡙ ◂✪ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ ≁࡞ࠉ᮶༞ᴗኬ㝛ࡡᙟᠺྍࡢࠉ࿔㎮ኬ㝛ࡡᙟᠺྍ࡛Ẓ㍉ࡌࡾࡆ࡛㔔こ࡚࠵ࡾࡡ࡚ࠉ ࢪࣛࣚࣤ࢜ࠉ᮶༞ࣆࣛ࢜ࡡኬ㝛ࡡ◂✪ࡵᖲ⾔ࡊ࡙⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ⌟ᅹࠉᅗ❟ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ࡞シ⨠ ࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾ㧏ฦゆ⬗ḗ࢛ࣤ㈹㔖ฦᯊ⨠(SHIRMP II)ࢅ⏕࠷࡙ࠉ㖌∸ࡡ᚜ᑚ㡷ᇡࡡ㹊Ѹ 㹅㹗ᖳ ῼᏽࢅṂჹ࡞ࢥࣤࢺ࣠ࢻᆀ࡞࠽ࡄࡾᆀ㈹࣊ࣤࢹࢅẒ㍉ࡌࡾࡆ࡛◂✪ࡡ୯ᚨㄚ㢗࡛ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᮇᆀ㈹Ꮥఌࠉᮇᒷ▴㖌∸㖌ᗃᏕఌࠉᮇᆀ⌣Ꮥఌ Ѹ 28Ѹ ― 28 ― ②₽ㆺ 㞕 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᩅ ῼᆀᏕࠉᅖమᆀ⌣∸⌦Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ༞ᴗ࡞࠽ࡄࡾῼᆀ࣬ᅖమᆀ⌣∸⌦Ꮥ࡞㛭ࡌࡾ◂✪ࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࢡ࣭ࣞࣁࣜࢾࢴࢹ࣭࣠ࢠ࡛ࡊ࡙ࡡ ᇱᆀࡡᇱ‵Ⅴࡡ⥌ᣚ⟮⌦᭞᩺ࠉࡐࡡࡱࡱᆀ⌣ንິ⌟㇗ࡡᢍᥩ࡛ゆ᪺࡞├⤎ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ◂✪ ᑊ㇗࡛ࡌࡾこびῼ㡧┘ࡢ GPS, VLBI, DORIS, SG, AG, Ẵ㇗びῼࠉᆀ☚Ẵ⤧ᑊῼᏽࠉᾇὊ₳ốびῼ ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ ỏᆀ⌣ぜᶅࡡᆀᚨᗑᵾንິ࡛㔔ງንິࡢࠉࣈ࣭ࣝࢹ㐘ິࡷᚃểᆀṾ㝧㉫➴࡛㛭౿࠵ ࡽࠉ1-2 mm/yr, 1microGal ࡡῼᏽ⢥ᗐᐁ⌟ࡌࡾࡡ࡞ᚉ࠷ࠉ10 ᖳぜᶅࡡỀᚘ⎌ࠉኬẴᚘ⎌ንິࡵࢂ࠾ ࡾࡻ࠹࡞ࡖ࡙ࡀࡒࠊ࿔༞ᴗᇡ࡚ࡡᾇᗇᅸງ゛シ⨠ࢅྱࡴࠉGRACE, GOCE ࡛࠷ࡖࡒ㔔ງ⾠᫅ࡡᆀ ୕᳠チࢅඖᐁࡈࡎࠉࡆࡿࡼንິࡡ≁ᚡࢅῼᆀᏕⓏ◂✪ࢅ㏳ࡋ࡙᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡊ࡙⾔ࡀࡒ࠷ࠊ༞ᴗᇡ࡚ࡢࠉ 㧏⢥ᗐびῼᇱᆀ࡛࡛ࡵ࡞ࠉGPS, Ẵᅸࡡ↋ெኣⅤびῼࡡᐁ⌟ࠉᾇᇡ࣬ểᗃᇡ࡚ࡡ࢙࣭࣍ࣤᆀ⌣ ∸⌦ῼ㔖࡞ࡻࡾᗀᇡࢦ࣭࣊ࠉᾇᗇῼ㔖ࡡᐁ⌟㘵࡛ࡾࠉࡆࡿࡢࠉཱིࡽࡵ├ࡈࡍࠉᅗ㝷භྜྷび ῼࡡᐁ᪃☔ᐁ㐠࡚࠵ࡾࠊALOS/PALSAR Consortium, POLENET ⥑ࢅ㏳ࡋ࡙㨡ງ࠵ࡾㄚ㢗࡞ ཱིࡽ⤄ࡲࠉࡐࡡ࠾࡚ JARE ᑊ㇗ᇡࡡᣉኬࢅᐁ⌟ࡊ࡙⾔ࡀࡒ࠷ࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ③ᑚᓞ ⚵ᗛ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ῼᆀᏕఌࠉᆀ㟀ᏕఌࠉℾᒜᏕఌࠉAmerican Geophysical Union ᩅ 㝱▴Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ༞ᴗびῼ㝪㞗ࡊࡒ㝱▴ࡢ 16200 ࡞㐡ࡌࡾࠊୠ⏲᭩ኬࡡࢤࣝࢠࢨࣘࣤࡡୌࡗ࡚࠵ࡾࠉᩐኣ ࠷ࡣ࠾ࡽ࡚ࡢࡂࠉ࡛ࢆࡡ㝱▴⛸ࢅ⥑⨮ࡌࡾࠊࡆࡿࡼࡡ㝱▴࡞ࡗ࠷࡙㡨ḗฦ㢦ࢅ㐅ࡴࠉࡐࡡฦ 㢦ᏕⓏ≁ᚡࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࠊฦ㢦⤎ᯕࡢ㡨ḗ Newsletter ࡚ප⾪ࡌࡾ࡛࡛ࡵ࡞ࠉ࢙ࢴࣇ࡚ප㛜ࡊ ࡙࠷ࡾ༞ᴗ㝱▴ࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪࢅ᭞᩺ࡊ࡙⾔ࡂࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᮇᆀ㈹Ꮥఌࠉᮇ㖌∸⛁Ꮥఌࠉᮇᝠ᫅⛁ᏕఌࠉMeteoritical Society 4. ♣ఌὩິ࣬㈁⊡ SSH:け㧏ᰧ(2010.8) ㅦⁿ㸯ὊஐṹዥᏄ㧏ᰧ㸝2010.6㸞ࠉ❟ᕖዥᏄ㧏ᰧ㸝2010.8㸞ࠉୠ⏛ㆺ༇㸝2010.11㸞ࠉⲠᕖ༇❟➠ୌ୯ Ꮥ㸝2011.1㸞ࠉྋ᱔㧏ᰧ㸝2011.2㸞ࠉ ④ᮇྚ Ὂୌ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᩅ ᆀ㈹Ꮥࠉᒷ▴Ꮥࠉ㖌∸Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ኬ㝛ᆀṾࡡᵋᠺこ⣪࡚࠵ࡾ⛸ᒷ▴࠾ࡼࠉࡐࡿࡼ࡞エ㘋ࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾንິࡡ㊟ࢅฝࡊࠉኬ㝛ࡡᙟ ᠺ࣬㐅࣓ࢸࣜࢅᵋ⠇ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘ᣞࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ࡛ࡂ࡞ࠉᒷ▴୯ࡡ㖌∸ཬᚺ⤄⧂ࡡゆᯊࠉ⇍ງᏕⓏ ࣓ࢸࣜࡡ㐲⏕ࠉࡈࡼ࡞᩺ࡊ࠷ᖳῼᏽἪ࡚࠵ࡾ㹍⥲࣏ࢠࣞࢻࣚࢧࢅฺ⏕ࡊࡒ U-Pb-Th ᖳῼ ᏽἪࢅ⤄ࡲྙࢂࡎ࡙ࠉንິࡡᒓṌࢅᏽ㔖ⓏῺᗐ-ᅸງ-㛣ࡡን࡛ࡊ࡙ᚗඔࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡞╉ࢅ࠽ ࠷࡙◂✪ࢅ㐅ࡴ࡙࠷ࡾࠊᑊ㇗ࡢࠉ᮶༞ᴗኬ㝛ࠉࢪࣛࣚࣤ࢜ࠉࣤࢺ࠽ࡻࡦ༞ࣆࣛ࢜ࡡ㧏ᗐንᠺᒷ 㢦࡚࠵ࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᮇᆀ㈹Ꮥఌࠉᮇᒷ▴㖌∸㖌ᗃᏕఌ Ѹ 29Ѹ ― 29 ― ⑤⯢ᮄ ᐹ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᩅ ᒷ▴☚ẴᏕࠉᑚᆵ↋ெ⯗✭ᶭ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ (1) ༞ᴗኬ㝛ࡡᒷ▴ࡡᒷ▴☚ẴᏕ࣬ཿᆀ☚ẴᏕⓏ◂✪㸯ᇱᆀ࿔㎮ࠉ࢙ࣤࢱ࣭ࣄ࣭ࣚࣤࢺࠉࢬ࣭ࣜ ࣞࣤࢱ࣭ࢾᒜ⬞ࠉ࣏ࢠ࣏࣭ࢺᇱᆀ࿔㎮ࠉ࣓࣭ࢮࣤᇱᆀ࿔㎮࡚ᒷ▴ムᩩࢅ㞗ࡊࠉᇱ♇Ⓩ☚Ẵ≁ᛮ ࢅㄢࠉᒷ▴ᙟᠺࡡࣈ࣭ࣝࢹࢷࢠࢹࢼࢠࢪࢅ◂✪ࡊ࡙ࡀࡒࠊᇱᆀࢅྱࡳ༞ᴗኬ㝛ࡡᗀ࠷⠂ᅑ ࣂࣤࣆࣛ࢜ࣤንິᮆ㸝㸪൦ᖳ๑㸞ࡡንᠺ්࡚☚ࡊࡒࡆ࡛ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡊࠉ༞ᴗኬ㝛ࡡࢥࣤࢺ ࣠ࢻኬ㝛࡚ࡡన⨠ࡘࡄࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ࢙ࣤࢱ࣭ࣄ࣭ࣚࣤࢺࡡ࣑ࣤࢭࣤᆀᇡ࡚ࡢࠉ☚Ẵ␏ᖏ࡛ᒷ▴☚ Ẵࡡ◂✪ࢅ⾔࠷ࠉ㕪ࡡ㉫″࡛ࢻࣅᒷమࡡぜᶅࡡ◂✪ࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ᭩㎾ࡢཿᆀ☚ẴᏕ◂✪࡞ࡗ࠷ ࡙ࡢா㒌ኬᏕࠉᗀᓞኬᏕࠉᒜᙟኬᏕࠉᐣᒜኬᏕ➴࡛භྜྷ◂✪ࢅ㐅ࡴࠉᴗᆀ◂࡚ࡢᇱ♇Ⓩᒷ▴☚Ẵ ࡡ◂✪ࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ2011 ᖳ࠾ࡼࡢ༞ᴗ༖ᓞࠉࣇࣚࣤࢪࣆ࣭ࣜࢺᾇᓒࡡࣈ࣭ࣝࢹࢷࢠࢹࢼࢠࢪ ゆ᪺ࡡࡒࡴࠉྜྷᾇᓒ࿔㎮࡚✭୯☚Ẵ᥀ᰕࢅᑚᆵ↋ெ㣍⾔ᶭࢅ⏕࠷࡙⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ (2) 㝱▴ࡡ☚ẴᏕⓏ◂✪㸯1975 ᖳ௧ᮮ༞ᴗ㝱▴ࡡ㞗࡞ᦘࢂࡾୌ᪁ࠉ㝱▴ࡡᣚࡗṟ⏻☚Ẵࡡ≁ᚡ࡛ ṟ⏻☚Ẵࢅᢰ࠹☚ᛮ㖌∸࡞ࡗ࠷࡙◂✪ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ≁࡞⅛⣪㈹㝱▴࡞Ἰ┘ࡊࠉཋጙኯ㝟⣌࡚㝱▴ẍኮ మࡡࡻ࠹࡞㐅ࡊ࡙ࡀࡒ࠾ࢅ☚ẴᏕࡡฦ㔕࠾ࡼ◂✪ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊᑚࡈムᩩࡡ☚Ẵฦᕱࢅㄢࡾ ࡒࡴࠉ㉦☚ᛮࣁࢠࢷࣛ࡞ࡻࡾ᚜⣵☚ᵋ㏸ࡡゆ᪺ࡡᡥἪࢅ㛜Ⓠࡊࠉ㝱▴☚Ẵ◂✪ࡡᡥἪࡡୌࡗ࡛ ࡊ࡙◂✪ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ㝱▴ࡡᣚࡗ☚Ẵࡢᕠኬ⾢ᦹ࡚ࡡࡻ࠹࡞ንࡌࡾ࠾࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡵ◂✪ࢅ㐅ࡴ࡙࠷ ࡾࠊ1 ṹᘟℾⷾ㖘࡚⛸ࠍࡡࣆ࣭ࣚࣕࢅ⾢ᦹᅸ 5,10,20GPa ࡚ CoCu ムᩩ࡞⾢✲ࡈࡎࠉ⾢ᦹ๑ᚃࡡ☚ ࡡንࢅㄢ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡱࡒࣤࢺࡡ Lonar 㝱▴ࢠ࣭ࣝࢰ࣭࠾ࡼᒷ▴ࢅ㞗ࡊࠉ⾢ᦹ࡞ࡻࡾ☚ẴⓏ ን࡛☚Ẵ␏ᖏ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙◂✪ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ (3) ⮤ິ᧧⦢ᑚᆵ↋ெ⯗✭ᶭࡡ㛜Ⓠ◂✪㸯༞ᴗびῼ࡞࠽࠷࡙⮤ິ᧧⦢ᑚᆵ↋ெ㣍⾔ᶭࡢࠉᏭධ࡚⤊ῥ Ⓩびῼࢅ⾔࠹୕࡚ࠉ༞ᴗびῼࡡ᩺ࡒࣈࣚࢴࢹ࣭࣑࡛࣌ࡊ࡙ᙽࡈࡿࡾࠊ2001 ᖳࡻࡽࠉᮇ◂✪ ࢅ⾔࠹ࡒࡴࠉAnt-Plane Project ࢅ❟᱄ࡊ(ᴗᆀ◂ࠉஐᕗኬᏕࠉ⚽⏛ኬᏕࠉ㪊㢦◂✪ᡜ➴)ࠉᮇ㣍⾔ᶭ kk ࡛ࣆࢩࣤࣁࢴࢠ kk ࡛ࡡ༝ງ࡚⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ㛜Ⓠࡊ࡙࠷ࡾᶭమࡢᶅᆵ㣍⾔ᶭࡡᢇ⾙ࢅᚺ⏕ࡊࡒ ᶭమ࡚ࠉGPS ࡛Ẵᅸ㧏ᗐ゛࡞ࡻࡽ⮤ິ᧧⦢ࡌࡾࠊ࡞ Ant-Plane 1ࠤ6 ྒᶭࢅ⿿షࡊࠉ㣍⾔ᐁ㥺ࢅ⾔ ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡆࡿࡼࡡᶭమࡢ⩴㛏 2ࠤ3m ࡚ࠉ᭩ኬ 86cc ࢝ࢮ࢙ࣛࣤࣤࢩࣤࢅᦒ㍍ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ2003 ᖳ࡞ ࡢ᱔ᓞ࡚ 100kmࠉ2004 ᖳ࡞ࡢ⣘ื࡚ 5700m ࡱ࡚ࡡ㧏㧏ᗐ㣍⾔ࠉ2006 ᖳ࡞ࡢけ࢛࣭ࢪࢹࣚࣛᕗ࡚ 500kmࠉࡐࡊ࡙ 2007 ᖳ࡞ࡢᓞาᓞ࡚ 1108km ࡡ㏻⤾㣍⾔࡞ᠺຉࡊࠉ2008 ᖳ࡞ࡢᇱᆀ࡚༞ᴗ ࡚ࡢิࡴ࡙ࡡ↋ெᶭࡡ㣍⾔࡞ᠺຉࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊᦒ㍍びῼ⨠࡛ࡊ࡙☚ງ゛ࢅᢰᙔࡊࠉࣆࣚࢴࢠࢪࢣ࣭ ࢹ☚ງ゛࡛☚Ẵᢤᢘᆵ☚ງ゛ࡡࢨࢪࢷ࣑㛜Ⓠࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡆࡿ࠾ࡼࡢ◂✪⩽ࡷ༞ᴗびῼ㝪ဤ⮤ ⏜࡞㐘⏕࡚ࡀࡾࡒࡴ࡞ᚪこ㞫╌㝛⨠㛜Ⓠࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ≻࠷⠂ᅑࢅ㧏ᐠᗐ࡞✭୯☚ሔ᥀ᰕࢅ⾔ ࠹ࡒࡴࠉᑚᆵ↋ெࣉࣛࢤࣈࢰ࣭ࡡ㛜Ⓠ◂✪ࢅࣃ࣭ࣞ࣍kk ࡛භྜྷ࡚⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ40cc ࢝ࢮ࢙ࣛࣤࣤ ࢩࣤࢅᦒ㍍ࡊࡒᶅᆵࣉࣛࢤࣈࢰ࣭ࡡᶭమ☚Ẵࢅᴗງᑚࡈࡂࡊࠉࡐࡿ࡞ࣆࣚࢴࢠࢪࢣ࣭ࢹ☚ງ゛ࢅᦒ ㍍ࡊࠉ㣍⾔ᐁ㥺ࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊᓞ᰷┬ࡡࡒࡒࡼ㐿㊟୕✭➴࡚✭୯☚Ẵびῼࢅ⾔࠷ࠉびῼ⤎ᯕ࡛㐿㊟ ฦᕱୌ⮬ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅチ᪺ࡊࡒࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᆀ⌣㞹☚Ẵ࣬ᆀ⌣ᝠ᫅ᅥᏕఌ, ᮇᝠ᫅⛁Ꮥఌ, The Meteoritical Society, American Geophysical Union ⑥㔕ᮄ ⩇ྍ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᩅ ᅖమᆀ⌣∸⌦Ꮥࠉࢷࢠࢹࢼࢠࢪࠉᆀ⌣හ㒂㞹☚ẴᏕ Ѹ 30Ѹ ― 30 ― 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ (1) ࢥࣤࢺ࣠ࢻฦ㐛⛤࡛ኬ㝛ฦᶭᵋࡡゆ᪺㸯༞ᴗᾇࠉ≁࡞༞ࣤࢺὊࢅ୯ᚨ࡞ࠉびῼ⯢ࡷ⯗✭ᶭ ࡞ࡻࡾᆀ☚Ẵ␏ᖏࠉ㔔ງ␏ᖏࡷᆀᙟ➴ࡡびῼࢅ⾔࠷ࠉ༞ᴗኬ㝛ࢅ୯ᚨ࡛ࡊࡒኬ㝛ࡡ᩷∞ࡡ㐛⛤ࢅ ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡊࠉࣈ࣭࣑ࣛࣖࡡ㛭࡛ࡡ㛭㏻➴ࡡኬ㝛ฦᶭᵋࡡゆ᪺ࢅ┘ᣞࡌࠊ (2) ༞ᴗ࠾ࡼࡲࡒ㉰ኬ㝛ࡡᙟᠺ࡞㛭ࡌࡾᆀ⌣∸⌦ᏕⓏ◂✪㸯⯗✭ᶭ➴࡞ࡻࡾᆀ☚Ẵ␏ᖏࠉ㔔ງ␏ᖏࡷ ᆀᙟ➴࠾ࡼࠉ༞ᴗኬ㝛ểᗃୖࡡᆀ㈹ᵋ㏸ࢅ᥆ᏽࡊࠉኬ㝛ࡡᙟᠺ㐛⛤ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࠊ (3) ༞ᴗࣈ࣭ࣝࢹࡡ㐅࡞㛭ࡌࡾ◂✪㸯༞ᴗࣈ࣭ࣝࢹࡡሾ⏲࡚࠵ࡾࠉ⌟ᅹࡡᾇᕃ⣌ࡡࢱࢻ࣐ࢠࢪࢅ ᆀ⌣∸⌦ᏕⓏᡥἪ࡚᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࠊࡱࡒࠉᾇὊᗇࣛࢮࢪࣆ࢘ࡡ㐅ࢅࠉ࡞㞹☚ẴᏕⓏᡥἪࢅ⏕ ࠷࡙᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ⑦⃕ ᆀ⌣㞹☚Ẵ࣬ᆀ⌣ᝠ᫅ᅥᏕఌࠉᆀ㟀ᏕఌࠉᾇὊᏕఌࠉAmerican Geophysical Union ၤྒྷ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᩅ Ꮻᏼᆀ⌣ᏕࠉྜྷనమᖳᏕ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ℾ᫅㝱▴ࡡᖳᏕ◂✪ U-Pb, Sm-Nd, Rb-Sr ྜྷనమ⣌࠾ࡼࠉℾ᫅㝱▴ࡡᙟᠺᖳࢅ࠵ࡀࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾ࡛ ࡛ࡵ࡞㉫″࣏ࣤࢹࣜ∸㈹ࡡྜྷనమ⤄ᠺࠉᏕ⤄ᠺࠉ㖌∸⤄ࡲྙࢂࡎࢅ᥆ᏽࡌࡾࠊℾ᫅⾪ᒒ࡚࠽ࡀࡒ Ề㈹ንᠺష⏕ࡡリ⣵ࢅ Rb-Sr ⣌࡞ࡵ࡛ࡘ࠷࡙࠵ࡀࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࠊࡆࡿࡼࡢࠉᴗᆀ◂⤄⧂ࡊࡒℾ᫅㝱 ▴ࢤࣤࢮ࣭ࢷ࣑◂✪ࡡୌ㒂࡚࠵ࡽࠉࡱࡒ NASA-JSC ࡛ࡡභྜྷ◂✪࡚ࡵ࠵ࡾࠊฦࡊࡒ㝱▴ࡡᖳ Ꮥ◂✪ኯ㝟⣌ᝠ᫅∸㈹ࡡิ㐅㐛⛤ࡡࢰ࣑ࢪࢢ࣭ࣜࢅ㛏༖΅ᰶ⛸࡛ᾐ⁓ᰶ⛸ࢅࡵࡔ࠷࡙㆗ ㄵࡌࡾࠊ ᚜㔖ඔ⣪ᏽ㔖ฦᯊἪࡡ㛜Ⓠ SHRIMP II, ⾪㟻㞹㞫ᆵ㈹㔖ฦᯊ゛ࢅࡵࡔ࠷ࡒ㧏⢥ᗐࡡ᚜㔖ฦ ᯊᏽ㔖Ἢࢅ㛜Ⓠࡌࡾ࡛࡛ࡵ࡞ࠉᝠ᫅∸㈹࡞ᚺ⏕ࡊ᚜㔖ඔ⣪Ꮛᅹᗐ࡞ࡵ࡛ࡘ࠷࡙ᠺᅄࢅ㆗ㄵࡌࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ⑧ᅰ The Meteoritical Society, American Geophysical Union, ᮇᆀ⌣Ꮥఌ, ᮇᝠ᫅⛁Ꮥఌ ᾀୌ㑳 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᩅ ῼᆀᏕ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ (1) ᇱᆀ࡚びῼᐁ᪃ࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾ㉰ఎᑙ㔔ງ゛ࡷ GPS,VLBI ࢅฺ⏕ࡊ࡙ࠉểᗃንິ࡞ఔ࠹ᆀṾን ິ࠽ࡻࡦ㔔ງንࡡ◂✪ࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊරమⓏ࡞ࡢࠉ⾠࣭᫅ࣝࢧ࣭㧏ᗐ゛ࡡࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ⏕࠷࡙ࠉểᗃ 㔖ንິ࡞ࡻࡾ㈹㔖ንິࢅず✒ࡵࡽࠉࡐࡿ࠾ࡼࡈࡿࡾᆀṾንິ㔖ࡷ㔔ງን࡛びῼࢸ࣭ࢰࡡẒ㍉ ࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ (2) ྙᠺ㛜ཾ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭㸝SAR㸞ᖱῦἪࢅ⏕࠷ࡒ༞ᴗểᗃᆀᙟ࣓ࢸࣜࡡషᠺࠊSAR ᖱῦἪ࡚ࡢᴗࡴ࡙ ฦゆ⬗ᆀᙟ࣓ࢸࣜ㸝DEM㸞ࢅషࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࡀࡾࠊ2006 ᖳ࡞ᡬࡔ୕ࡅࡼࡿࡒࠔࡓ࠷ࡔࠕࡡ PALSAR ࢅ⏕࠷࡙ࠉࣛࣖࢵ࢚࣑࣬࣌ࣜἚᓃểᗃᆀᙟ࣓ࢸࣜࡡషᠺࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊびῼ࡛ࡊ࡙ࡢࠉ࡞࣬ ᇱᆀ࡚ࡡ㉰ఎᑙ㔔ງ゛࡞ࡻࡾ㏻⤾びῼࠉVLBI びῼ࣬GPS ࢅฺ⏕ࡊࡒ㟚ᒷᇡࠉᾇể୕ࠉểᗃ୕࡚ ࡡびῼࡡᨥᥴࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ⑨አ⏛ ᬓ༐ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᮇῼᆀᏕఌ American Geophysical Union ᩅ ᆀ㈹Ꮥࠉᒷ▴Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ Ѹ 31Ѹ ― 31 ― ༞ᴗ࠽ࡻࡦࡐࡡ࿔㎮ᆀᇡࡡᆀ㈹ᏕⓏ࣬ᒷ▴ᏕⓏ࣬ᆀ⌣ᏕⓏ࣬ᆀ⌣ᖳᏕⓏ◂✪ࢅ࠽ࡆࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ ⌟ᅹ㐅ࡴ࡙࠷ࡾරమⓏ◂✪ࢷ࣭࣏࡛ࡊ࡙ࡢࠉ(1) 㒂ᆀṾ࡚ࡡ㧏Ὼࠤ㉰㧏Ὼንᠺష⏕ࠉὮమὩິࠉ ࠽ࡻࡦࠉᆀṾ⁈⼝ࣈࣞࢬࢪࡡ◂✪ࠊ(2) 㧏Ὼንᠺᒷ࣬ℾᠺᒷ୯ࡡḗ㖌∸ࡡᣪິ࡛ᖳㄵ࡛ᆀ⌣ Ꮥ࡛ࡡࣛࣤࢠࠉ(3) ཋ⏍ࠤཿ⏍࡞࠾ࡄ࡙ࡡ༞ᴗࢅ୯ᚨ࡛ࡌࡾࢥࣤࢺ࣠ࢻኬ㝛ࡡᙟᠺⓆ㐡ྍࡡ◂ ✪ࠉ(4) ጙ⏍㸝ኯཿ㸞ࡡᆀṾᙟᠺྍࡡ◂✪ࠉ➴ࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ⑩㔘ᑹ ᨳ⣎ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᮇᆀ㈹Ꮥఌࠉᮇ㖌∸⛁Ꮥఌࠉᮇᆀ⌣ᝠ᫅⛁Ꮥ㏻ྙ ᩅ ᆀ㟀Ꮥࠉᆀ⌣හ㒂∸⌦ᏕࠉℾᒜᏕࠉῼᆀᏕࠉࢷࢠࢹࢼࢠࢪࠉᆀ⌣ྍࠉᆀ⌣⎌ሾᏕࠉሒ ㏳ಘᢇ⾙ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ᴗᇡ࡚㛏㛣࡞ῳࡽ✒ࡈࡿࡒᆀ㟀ᏕⓏሒ㸝㉦ࠉἴᙟࠉ㟀″ࠉ࣒࢜ࢼࢫ࣑ࠉ➴㸞ࢅࡢࡋࡴࠉᆀ ⌣∸⌦ᏕⓏㅎࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ⏕࠷࡙ࠉ⌟ᅹࡡࢡ࣭ࣞࣁࣜ⎌ሾንິ࡞ࡻࡾᅖమᆀ⌣ࡡ∸⌦Ⓩ┞பష⏕ࠉࡱ ࡒᆀ⌣ྍࡡびⅤ࠾ࡼኬ㝛ᠺ㛏㐛⛤ࡡࢷࢠࢹࢼࢠࢪࢅゆ᪺ࡌࡾࠊ◂✪ㄚ㢗ࡡරమⓏහᐖࡢࠉ(1) ⌟ ᅹࡡᅖమᆀ⌣⾪ᒒ㒂ࡡ⎌ሾንິࠉ≁࡞ᴗᇡࡡῺᬦ࡞㛭㏻ࡊࡒểᗃ࣬ᾇể࣬ᾇὊࡡᾐ㛏࡞ఔ࠹ᅖమ ᆀ⌣ࡡᣲິ≁ᛮ࣬ᆀ㟀ể㟀Ὡິࡡ࣓ࢼࢰࣛࣤࢡࠉ(2) ୦ᴗᇡࡡᆀṾࠤ୕㒂࣏ࣤࢹࣜࡡᆍ㈹ᵋ㏸ࡷ ࢱࢻ࣐ࢠࢪ࡛㉰ኬ㝛ࡡᙟᠺ࣬ฦ㐛⛤ࠉ(3) ᴗᇡ㸝㧏⦃ᗐᖈ㸞࡛࠷࠹✾࠾ࡼࡲࡒࠉᆀ⌣㒂㸝ୖ 㒂࣏ࣤࢹࣜࠤ୯ᚨᰶ㸞ࡡᆍ㈹ᵋ㏸࡛ࢱࢻ࣐ࢠࢪࠉ➴࡞Ⅴࢅ࠵࡙࡙⾔࠹ࠊࡈࡼ࡞ࠉ(4) ᴗᇡ࡛ ࠷࠹⎌ሾୖ࣬㐪㝰ᆀ࡞࠽ࡄࡾびῼᢇ⾙࣬ࢸ࣭ࢰ㏳ಘ࣬ࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࢜ࣇᡥἪࡡᇱ♇◂✪ࢅ⾔࠷ࠉභ ⏕࡞㈠ࡌࡾᏕ⾙ࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪࢅᵋ⠇ࡌࡾ࡛භ࡞ࠉ(5) ᴗᇡࡡ㐪㝰ᆀࢸ࣭ࢰࢅࣤࢷࣜࢦࢴࢹ➴ࡡ⾠ ᫅ᅂ⥲ࢅ⏕࠷࡙ࠉኬᆀ㟀ࡷἴ➴ࡡࣛࣜࢰ࣑㜭ⅇ㈁⊡ࡌࡾࠉ(6) ゆᯊࡡᇱ♇࡛ࡾ⌟ᆀࢸ࣭ ࢰཱིᚋ࡛භྜྷゆᯊ᥆㐅ࡡࡒࡴࠉ୦ᴗᇡ࡚ࡡᅗ㝷භྜྷ◂✪ࢅ✒ᴗⓏ࡞᥆㐅ࡌࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᮇᆀ⌣ᝠ᫅⛁Ꮥ㏻ྙࠉᮇᆀ㟀ᏕఌࠉᮇῼᆀᏕఌࠉᮇℾᒜᏕఌࠉᮇ㞯ểᏕఌࠉ ࢙ࢾ࣭ࣜ࢟࣬㈠″Ꮥఌࠉ࣒ࣛ࢜ᆀ⌣∸⌦Ꮥ㏻ྙࠉᴗ⎌ሾ◂✪ࢤࣤࢮ࣭ࢨ࣑ࠉᴗᆀ◂✪ᣲ⮾ఌ 4. ♣ఌὩິ࣬㈁⊡ (1) ㅦⁿ㸯◂✪ᡜゴၡㅦ⩇ࠔ༞ᴗ࡞ࡵ࠵ࡾᆀ㟀࡛ℾᒜࠕ࣬ኣኬ⪯ࣧୢ୯Ꮥᰧ㸝2010.12㸞 (2) ࡐࡡ㸯ࢦ࢙ࣤࢪ࣬࢜ࣆ࢘㸝᪂㸯ᅗ❟ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜࠉ2010.07㸞 ⑪ ⱝᶖ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ຐᩅ ⮤↓ᆀ⌦Ꮥ㸝ᆀᙟᏕ࣬➠ᄿ⣎Ꮥ࣬ᅰቫᏕ࣬ཿ⏍ឺᏕ㸞ࠉ⮤↓ヽ࣬⮤↓ྍ⛁Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ெ㢦⏍ࡊࡒ᭩᩺ࡡᆀ㈹࡚࠵ࡾ᩺⏍࣬➠ᄿ⣎࡞⏍ࡋࡒࠉᵕࠍ㛣Ⓩ࣬✭㛣Ⓩࢪࢢ࣭ࣜࡡ ኬẴ࣬Ề࣬ểἑࡡንິ࡛ࡐࡿࡼࢅ፳మ࡛ࡌࡾᆀ⌣⾪ᒒ࣬ᅖమᆀ⌣࣬⏍∸ࡡንິࡡエ㘋ࢅᑊ㇗࡞ࠉ ࡛ࡊ࡙㔕አ࡞࠽ࡄࡾࠔびᐳࠕ࡛ࠔエ㍍ࠕ࡛࠷࠹⛁ᏕⓏ᪁Ἢࢅ᭩ኬ㝀࡞⏕࠷࡙ࠉ(1) ⌟ᅹずࡼࡿࡾᵕࠍ ⮤↓⌟㇗ࡡࡻ࠹ᅄᯕ㛭౿࡛ṌྍⓏን㐼ࢅ⤊࡙ᠺ❟ࡊ࡙ࡀࡒ࠾ࢅㄖࡲ࡛ࡾࡆ࡛ࠉ(2) ᆀᇡࡡ ⌟㇗࡛ᆀ⌣ぜᶅࡡ⌟㇗࡛ࡡ┞ப㛭౿ࢅヾㆉ࣬⌦ゆࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࠉ(3) ࡆࡿࡼᵕࠍ㛣Ⓩ࣬✭㛣Ⓩฦᕱ ࡷ㝭ᒒᛮࢅࡵࡗ⌟㇗ࡡን㐼ྍࡷ┞ப㛭౿ࢅⓏ☔ᅒ࡛ࡊ࡙⾪⌟ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࠉࢅ┘ᵾ࡞◂✪࡛ᩅ⫩ࢅ⾔ ࠹ࠊࡈࡼ࡞ࠉࡆࡿࡼࡡ⤎ᯕ࡞ᇱࡘ࠷࡙ࠉ(4) ⮤↓⎌ሾ࡛ெ㢦ࡡᚃࡡንῼࡡྊ⬗ᛮ࡛ᆀ⌣ྍ࡞ ࠽ࡄࡾெ㢦ࡡన⨠ࡘࡄ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙⩻࠻࡙࠷ࡀࡒ࠷ࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᮇ➠ᄿ⣎Ꮥఌࠉᮇᆀ⌦Ꮥఌࠉᮇ᳔⏍ྍᏕఌࠉᮇᅰቫ⫟ᩩᏕఌࠉ ᮇ⏍ឺᏕఌࠉ Ѹ 32Ѹ ― 32 ― ᮇ࣋ࢺࣞࢩ࣭Ꮥఌࠉᯐ❟ᆀᏕఌࠉᮇᆀ㈹Ꮥఌࠉᮇᇼ✒ᏕఌࠉᮇᆀᙟᏕ㏻ྙࠉ᮶ாᆀᏕ༝ ఌࠉᮇ⛁ᏕྍᏕఌ ⑫ᴷ ├ஒ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ຐᩅ 㖌∸Ꮥࠉᝠ᫅∸㈹⛁Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ᆀ⌣አ㉫″∸㈹ࡡኣᵕᛮ࡛ࡐࡡᠺᅄࢅ◂✪ࢷ࣭࣏࡛ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊᖲᠺ 19 ᖳᗐࡡ⥪◂ኬᅹአ◂✪ࡡᶭఌ ࡞ࡻࡽࠉࣆࣚࣤࢪ࢛࣬ࣜࢬ࣭࢞ࣔࣤࣂࢪ࡚᚜㝱▴ࡡ◂✪ࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊᖉᅗᚃࠉࡻࡽୌᒒ◂✪ࢅ㐅ࡴ࡙ ࠷ࡾࠊᆀ⌣ኬẴᅥ࡚ࡡ⁈⼝ࢅඞࡿࡒ࠾ࢆࡼࢆ▴ࡷ㍜▴ࡡ࡛ࡄṟࡽ㖌∸࡞╌┘ࡊ࡙ࠉ㟸ᖲ⾦ࢤࣤࢺࣚ ࢹ࡛ࡡ⤄ᠺࡡ┞㐢ࢅㄢ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ⑬ᒜཾ ீ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᮇ㖌∸⛁Ꮥఌࠉᮇᝠ᫅⛁ᏕఌࠉThe Meteoritical Society ຐᩅ 㝱▴Ꮥ࣬㖌∸Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ᆀ⌣࡞ⴘୖࡌࡾ㝱▴ࡡ࡛ࢆࡢࠉኯ㝟⣌⏍├ᚃ࡞ᙟᠺࡊࡒ᚜ᝠ᫅ࡡ⏍ࡀṟࡽ࡛ࡈࡿࡾᑚᝠ᫅࠾ ࡼࡀࡒࠊࡇࡂᑛᩐ(࠽ࡻࡐ 1-2%)ࡢࠉᆀ⌣ࡡ᭮ࡷℾ᫅㉫″࡚࠵ࡾࠊࡆࡿࡼࡡ㝱▴ࢅ∸㈹⛁ᏕⓏ࡞◂✪ ࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࠉኯ㝟⣌ᙟᠺ├ᚃ࡞ᙟᠺࡊࡒ᚜ᝠ᫅࠾ࡼᆀ⌣ᆵᝠ᫅ࡡิ㐅㐛⛤ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࡆ ࡛࡚ࡀࡾࡓࢀ࠹ࠊ◂✪ᑊ㇗ࡢࠉཋጙᝠ᫅ࡡ⏍ࡀṟࡽ࡛ゕࢂࡿࡾᑚᝠ᫅࣊ࢪࢰࡷᆀ⌣ࡡ᭮ࠉ࠽ ࡻࡦࠉ᚜ᝠ᫅㉫″࡛ࡈࡿࡾጙཋⓏ࢙ࢤࣤࢺࣚࢹ࡚࠵ࡾࠊࡆࡿࡼࡡ᚜ᝠ᫅ࠉཋጙᝠ᫅ࠉิࡡ࡚᭮ ㉫ࡆࡖࡒ∸㈹㐅㐛⛤ࢅࠉ㖌∸ᒷ▴ᏕⓏᡥἪࢅ⏕࠷ࡾ࡛ྜྷ࡞ࠉභྜྷ◂✪࡞ࡻࡖ࡙ᏕⓏ࠵ࡾ࠷ࡢ ྜྷనమᏕⓏᡥἪࢅ⏕࠷ࠉኣ㟻Ⓩ࡞⌦ゆࡊࡻ࠹࡛ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ◂✪ࢷ࣭࣏ࡢࠉ௧ୖࡡ 3 Ⅴ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ (1) ཋጙᝠ᫅ࡡ⏍ࡀṟࡽ࡚࠵ࡾ࡛ࡈࡿࡾᑚᝠ᫅࣊ࢪࢰࡡᙟᠺ㐛⛤ࠊ࣊ࢪࢰ㉫″ࡡᒷ▴ࡡᒷ▴⤄⧂ࡷ こ࠽ࡻࡦ᚜㔖ඔ⣪⤄ᠺ࠾ࡼࠉ࣏ࢡ࣏ኬὊ࡚ࡡᆀṾࡷ࣏ࣤࢹࣜࡡฦ㐛⛤ࠉࡐࡡᚃࡡ⇍ንᠺష⏕ࡷን ㈹㐛⛤ࠉࡱࡒࠉᆀṾᙟᠺᚃࡡᚃ㔔⇷ᦹ࡞ࡻࡾ⾢✲ྍࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡊࡻ࠹࡛ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ㍜ᒷ࠽ࡻࡦࣀ ࣜࢵࣁ࣭ࢩࣔࢹࡢࠉࡆࡿࡱ࡚ୖ㒂ᆀṾ㉫″ࡓ࡛ࡈࡿ࡙ࡀࡒࠊࡊ࠾ࡊࠉᠻࠍࡡ◂✪࠾ࡼࠉิᆀṾ ᙟᠺᚃࡡḗⓏℾᒜὩິࡡ⤎ᯕ࡚ࡀࡒᒷ▴ࡓ࡛࠷࠹ྊ⬗ᛮ㧏࠷ࡆ࡛ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡊࡒࠊ (2) ᭮ࡡཋጙᆀṾࡡᙟᠺ㐛⛤ࠊ ᩫ㛏ᒷ㈹᭮㝱▴ࡢࠉ᭮ᆀṾ㸝㧏ᆀ㸞ࢅ㉫″࡛ࡌࡾぽࣝ࢞ᒷ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ ࡆࡿࡱ࡚᭮ᆀṾࡢ࣏ࢡ࣏ኬὊ࡚ᾃ୕ࡊࡒᩫ㛏ᒷࡡᆀṾ࠾ࡼࡾ࡛࠷࠹ࢨࣤࣈ࣓ࣜࢸࣜᨥ㒼Ⓩ ࡚࠵ࡖࡒࠊࡊ࠾ࡊࠉ᭮㝱▴ぽࣝ࢞ᒷ࡞ྱࡱࡿࡾᒷ▴∞ࡡリ⣵㖌∸ᏕⓏ◂✪࠽ࡻࡦධᒷඔ⣪⤄ᠺ࠾ ࡼࠉ᭮ᆀṾ࡞ࡢᒷ▴ᏕⓏኣᵕᛮࡡ࠵ࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡊࡒࠊࡆࡿࡢ᭩㎾ࡡ࣓࣭ࣛࢹࢬࣤࢨࣤࢡࡡ ࢸ࣭ࢰ࡛ㄢⓏ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ (3) ጙཋⓏ࢙ࢤࣤࢺࣚࢹࡡᙟᠺ㐛⛤ࠊࡆࡿࡼࡡ㝱▴ࡢ᚜ᝠ᫅㉫″࡚࠵ࡽࠉጙཋⓏ㝱▴㸝ࢤࣤࢺࣚ ࢹ㸞࠾ࡼฦࡊࡒ㝱▴㸝࢙ࢤࣤࢺࣚࢹ㸞ࡡิⓆ㐡ṹ㝭ࢅエ㘋ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊኣࡂࡢහ㒂⇍″࡞ࡻ ࡽຊ⇍ࡈࡿ㒂ฦ⁈⼝ࢅ⤊㥺ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡱࡒࠉአ㒂࠾ࡼࡡ㝱▴⾢✲ࡡᙫ㡢࡞ࡻࡽࠉ々㞟⇍ྍࢅ⤊㥺 ࡊࡒ࡛ࡈࡿࡾࠊᒷ▴⤄⧂࡛ධᒷ⤄ᠺࠉᨲᑏᖳࢅゆᯊࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࠉ᚜ᝠ᫅ࡡⓆ㐡ྍࢅリ⣵࡞᪺ࡼ࠾ ࡞ࡻ࠹࡛ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ≁࡞╌┘ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࡡࡢࠉ⁈⼝ิ࡞ᙟᠺࡌࡾ⋖Ṃᒷ㈹࣒ࣜࢹ࡛ Fe-FeS ᾦࡡᣪ ິ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ㝱▴ࡷᶅ᧻∸㈹ࡡຊ⇍ᐁ㥺ࢅ㏳ࡊ࡙ࠉ⇍ንᠺష⏕୯࡞⏍ࡋࡒ᚜ᑛ࣒ࣜࢹࡡ⤄ᠺࡷᣪິࢅ ⌦ゆࡊࡻ࠹࡛ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡆࡿࡼࡡ◂✪ࢅ㏳ࡊ࡙ࠉኯ㝟⣌⏍࠾ࡼᩐ൦ᖳࡱ࡚ࡡ᚜ᝠ࡛᫅ཋጙᝠ᫅ࡡ Ⓠ㐡㐛⛤ࢅ⌦ゆࡊࡻ࠹࡛ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ Ѹ 33Ѹ ― 33 ― 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᮇ㖌∸⛁Ꮥఌࠉᮇᆀ⌣Ꮥఌࠉᮇᝠ᫅⛁Ꮥఌࠉ The Meteoritical Societyࠉ Mineralogical Society of America ⑭ᾇ⏛ ༡ྒྷ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ຐᩅ 㝱▴Ꮥࠉ㖌∸Ꮥࠉᆀ⌣Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ᝠ᫅∸㈹⛁Ꮥ㸝ᒷ▴࣬㖌∸Ꮥ㸞ࡡびⅤ࠾ࡼኯ㝟⣌ิ࡞࠽ࡄࡾᝠ᫅ࡡᙟᠺ࣬㐅㐛⛤ࡡ◂✪ࢅ⾔࠹ࠊ ᚉᮮ࠾ࡼ⏕࠷ࡼࡿ࡙࠷ࡾ㉦ᰕᆵ㞹Ꮔ㢟᚜㙶㸝SEM㸞ࠉ㞹Ꮔࣈ࣭ࣞࣇ࣏ࢠࣞࢻࣚࢧ࣭㸝EPMA㸞 ࡞ຊ࠻ࠉࡈࡼ࡞㧏វᗐḗ࢛ࣤ㈹㔖ฦᯊ゛㸝SIMS㸞ࡡ᚜ᑚ㡷ᇡᏕฦᯊ⨠ࢅ㥉ࡊࠉ㝱 ▴㖌∸୯ࡡඔ⣪ࡡ⛛ິࢅᕵᅰ㢦ඔ⣪ࡡ᚜㔖ඔ⣪ࢅྱࡴ࡙リ⣵࡞ᤂ࠻ࡾࠊࡱࡒࠉSIMS ࡞ࡻࡾᖳ ῼᏽ࡛࠵ࢂࡎࠉ㛣㍀ࡵྱࡴ࡙ᝠ᫅ࡡิ㐅㐛⛤ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࠊ゛⟤ᶭࢨ࣐࣭ࣖࣝࢨࣘࣤ࡞ ࡻࡾඔ⣪ࡡᣉᩋ⌟㇗ࡡゆᯊࡵ⾔࠹ࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᮇ㖌∸⛁Ꮥఌࠉᮇᆀ⌣ᏕఌࠉThe Meteoritical Society 4. ♣ఌὩິ࣬㈁⊡ ⑮㟯ᒜ 㞕ୌ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᮶ᗛཪࡡఌࠔ༞ᴗᒈࠕ㸝2010.10㸞 ຐᩅ ῼᆀᏕࠉᆀ⌣ࢨࢪࢷ࣑Ꮥࠉᆀ⌣゛ῼᏕ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ᆀ⌣ንິࡡ࣒࢜ࢼࢫ࣑ࠉࡱࡒࡢࡐࡿ࡞ᑊࡌࡾᅖమᆀ⌣ࡡᚺ➽ࢅㄢᰕࡌࡾ࡞ࡢࠉᅖమᆀ⌣ࡡࡲࡼࡍࠉ ᆀ⌣⾪ᒒὮమᅥࡵྱࡴࡒᗀ⠂ᆀ⌣びῼࢸ࣭ࢰᚪこ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ✭㛣Ⓩ࡞ࡢᴗᇡ࡚ࡡびῼࢸ࣭ࢰኬ ን㔔こ࡚࠵ࡾࡆ࡛࠾ࡼࠉGPS ࡚⾪ࡈࡿࡾ⢥ᐠ⾠᫅ῼనࢅὩ⏕ࡊࠉᴗᇡ࡚ࡡᆀṾንິࠉểᗃὮິࠉ ᾇ(ể)㟻ንິࠉẴῺ࣬ỀⵠẴฦᕱࡡ゛ῼᢇ⾙㛜Ⓠ࡛ᐁ㝷ࡡ゛ῼࢅ⾔࠹ࠊࡆࡿࡼࡡࢸ࣭ࢰ࡞ຊ࠻ࠉெ ᕝ⾠᫅࡞ࡻࡾᆀ⌣㔔ງሔびῼࢸ࣭ࢰࡷࠉᆀ୕࡚ᒈ㛜ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾ⢥ᐠ㔔ງ゛ࠉᾇᗇᅸງ゛࣬㥺₳ൢࠉẴ ㇗ࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ⤎ྙࡊࠉᴗᇡࡡỀ㈹㔖ฦᕱንິࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡊࠉࡡ⛤ᗐࠉᆀ⌣ንິࡡທ㉫࣒࢜ࢼࢫ ࣑࡞ᐞࡌࡾࡡ࠾࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉ◂✪ࢅ㐅ࡴ࡙࠷ࡾࠊຊ࠻࡙ࠉᆀᅥ࣓ࢼࢰࣛࣤࢡ㝪ဤ࡞ࡻࡾ༞ᴗびῼࡡ ᨥᥴࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ⑯Ⳛ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ῼᆀᏕఌࠉẴ㇗ᏕఌࠉAmerican Geophysical Union ຐᩅ ➠ᄿ⣎ᆀ㈹ᏕࠉཿẴು࣬ཿᾇὊᏕࠉཿᆀ☚Ẵ࣬ᒷ▴☚ẴᏕࠉᏫᏼ⥲⏍ᠺᰶ⛸ฦᯊ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ᩺⏍௧㜾࡞࠽ࡄࡾཿ⎌ሾንິࢅリ⣵࡞ᚗඔࡊࠉࡐࡡ࣒࢜ࢼࢫ࣑ࡡ⌦ゆ࡛ᑑᮮῼ࡞ᙲ❟࡙ࡾࡆ࡛ ࢅ◂✪┘Ⓩ࡛ࡌࡾࠊࡆࡡ┘Ⓩ࡞ᚉ࠷ࠉ≁࡞ཿ⎌ሾንິエ㘋ࡡஇࡊ࠷༞ᴗኬ㝛࠽ࡻࡦ࿔㎮ᾇᇡࢅᑊ㇗ ࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉ௧ୖࡡ◂✪ࢅ㐑⾔ࡱࡒࡢ゛⏤୯࡚࠵ࡾࠊ(1) ༞ᴗහ㝛ᒜᆀ࡞࠽ࡄࡾᆀᙟㄢᰕ࡛Ꮻᏼ⥲↯ᑏ ᖳἪ࡞ᇱࡘࡂểᗃ㧏ᗐንິྍࡡᚗඔࠉ(2) ᾇᗇᇼ✒∸ࢅ⏕࠷ࡒ༞ኬὊ࡞࠽ࡄࡾཿᾇὊ࣬⎌ሾንິ ࡡᚗඔࠉ(3) ཿᆀ☚Ẵエ㘋࠽ࡻࡦᏫᏼ⥲⏍ᠺᰶ⛸ࣆࣚࢴࢠࢪࢅ⏕࠷ࡒᾇᗇ࣬‘ᗇᇼ✒∸ࡡᖳỬᏽ Ἢࡡ㛜ⓆࠊࡱࡒࠉኬᏕ㝌ᩅ⫩࡚ࡢࠉ㔕አㄢᰕ࠾ࡼ⛸ࢸ࣭ࢰཱིᚋࡱ࡚ࡡᇱᮇࢅ⩞ᚋࡊࡒ୕࡚ࠉ୕エ ࡡ◂✪ࢷ࣭࣏ࡡࡲࡼࡍࠉᗀࡂཿ⎌ሾንິᚗඔ࡞㛭ࢂࡾ◂✪ࢅ㐑⾔࡚ࡀࡾࡻ࠹࡞ᣞᑙࡌࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᮇ➠ᄿ⣎Ꮥఌࠉᆀ⌣㞹☚Ẵ࣬ᆀ⌣ᝠ᫅ᅥᏕఌࠉᮇᆀ㈹Ꮥఌࠉᮇᇼ✒ᏕఌࠉAmerican Geophysical Union Ѹ 34Ѹ ― 34 ― 4) ⏍∸ᅥ◂✪ࢡ࣭ࣜࣈ ①⚗ᆀක⏠ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᩅ ᾇὊ⏍ឺᏕࠉᾇὊᾃ㐗⏍∸Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯ᴗᾇ࡞࠽ࡄࡾᾇὊᇱ♇⏍⏐ࡡ✭㛣ንິཀྵࡦࡐࡡỷ㜾㐛⛤ࡡ◂✪ ➠㸬ḗᮇ༞ᴗᆀᇡびῼ㝪࠾ࡼࢪࢰ࣭ࢹࡊࡒᮇ࡛༞ᴗ࣬ᇱᆀ࡛ࡡᙸᚗ⯗㊨୕࡚ࡡᾇὊ⏍∸ᏽ ᖏびῼࡡୌ⎌࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉ⌟ᅹࡱ࡚⤽⤾ࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾ⾪㟻ᾇỀ୯ࡡ᳔∸ࣈࣚࣤࢠࢹࣤࡡ⌟Ꮛ㔖ࡡᣞᵾ࡛ࡊ ࡙ࡡࢠࣞࣞࣆࣜⰅ⣪㔖びῼࢸ࣭ࢰ㸝➠ 7Ѹ 18 ḗ㝪㸞ࢅゆᯊࡊࠉᾇὊᇱ♇⏍⏐ࡡ✭㛣ንິࣂࢰ࣭ ࣤࢅずฝࡊࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉびῼ᪁Ἢࡡ⮤ິࢅ㛜Ⓠࡊࠉ⯗ᾇ୯࡞⾪㟻ᾇỀࢅ࣎ࣤࣈỀࡊࠉᾇὊ⎌ሾこ ⣪࡛࡛ࡵ࡞Ⰵ⣪㔖ࡡ㏻⤾ῼᏽࢅ☔❟ࡊࡒࠊ᭞࡞㎾ᖳࡡᆀ⌣びῼெᕝ⾠᫅ࡡᾇⰅࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ⏕࠷ࡒゆᯊ ࢅභྜྷ◂✪⩽࡛Ⓠᒈࡈࡎࠉ༞ᴗᾇࡡ୯㛏Ⓩ࿔ᛮࢅᣚࡖࡒንິࣂࢰ࣭࡛ࣤࡡ㛭౿ࢅࡵずฝࡊࡒࠊ ༞ᴗᾇ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ⏍ឺ⣌ࡡᵋ㏸࡛ᶭ⬗ࢅ᥀ࡾᅗ㝷ⓏᾇὊ⏍∸භྜྷびῼ㸝ࣁ࢛࣏ࢪびῼ㸞࡞ࡢ࠷ࡔ ᪡ࡂᇱᆀ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ㏳ᖳ㉲びῼ㸝➠㸧㸨ḗびῼ㝪㸞ࢅᢰ࠷ࠉἚᓃᏽ╌ểୖࡡᾇὊ⎌ሾ㸝ỀῺࠉ ሲฦࠉᰜ㣬ሲ⃨ᗐ㸞ࠉ᳔∸ࣈࣚࣤࢠࢹࣤࠉິ∸ࣈࣚࣤࢠࢹࣤࠉࡱࡒࠉࣁ࢛࣏ࢪびῼࡡこᑊ ㇗⛸࡚࠵ࡾࢻࣤ࢞ࣘࢠ࢛࣐࢞ࡡᏒ⟿ንິࢅጙࡴ࡙᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡊࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉἀྙ࠷࡞࠽ࡄࡾびῼ࡚ࡢࠉ Ꮢ⟿ᾇểᇡ࡞࡙ิࡴ࡙౿⏻びῼࢅᑙථࡊࠉ⾪ᒒ࡞࠽ࡄࡾᇱ♇⏍⏐ንິࡡ㏻⤾ῼᏽ࡞ᠺຉࡊࠉྜྷ࡞ ࢬࢸ࣒ࣤࢹ࣬ࢹࣚࢴࣈࢅ⏕࠷࡙ᇱ♇⏍⏐∸ࡡࡻ࠹࡞ỷ㜾ࡊ࡙ࡹࡂࡡ࠾ࡡࣈࣞࢬࢪࢅࡵ᪺ࡼ࠾ ࡞ࡊࡒࠊ ➠ 43 ḗࠉ44 ḗ㝪࡞࠽࠷࡙ࡢࠉᮇ༞ᴗびῼྍ୕ิࡴ࡙ᑍ⏕びῼ⯢ࡡ㐘⯗ࢅᑙථࡊࠉࢼࣖ ࣭ࢩ࣭ࣚࣤࢺ࠾ࡼࡡഥ⯢࡞ࡻࡽࠉࡐࡿࡱ࡚びῼฝᮮ࠾ࡖࡒ✭㛣ࢅ࢜ࣁ࣭ࡊࡒびῼࢅᐁ⌟ࡊࠉ ྜྷ࡞࢛࣭ࢪࢹࣚࣛ༞ᴗびῼ㝪ࡷ᮶ாኬᏕ࣬ᾇὊ◂✪ᡜ࡛භྜྷ࡞ࡻࡾ々⯢⣌าびῼࢅ⾔࠷ࠉࡐ ࡿࡱ࡚ᮅ▩࡚࠵ࡖࡒ༞ᴗᾇὊᇱ♇⏍⏐ࡡᏒ⟿ንິࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡊࡒࠊࡆࡡびῼᡥἪࡢࡐࡡᚃᅗහࡡᾇ Ὂびῼ⯢ࡡᑙථ࡞Ⓠᒈࡊࠉ2007Ѹ 2008 ᖳࡡᅗ㝷ᴗᖳびῼᖳ㛣࡞࠽࠷࡙ᅗ㝷ᾇὊ࣏ࣛࣤࢬࣤࢦࢪ゛⏤ ࡡᐁ᪃࡞ࡗࡖࡒࠊ2009 ᖳ࡞ࡢ➠ 10 ᅂ㹈㸸㸶㹇ᅗ㝷⏍∸ࢨࣤ࣎ࢩ࣑ࡡᅗහ⤄⧂ጟဤ㛏ࢅຸࡴࠉ ᅗහ࡚ิࡴ࡙ྜྷࢨࣤ࣎ࢩ࣑ࢅ㛜തࡊࡒࠊ ୌ᪁ࠉᴗᾇᇡ࡞࠽࠷࡙ࡢࠉ⡷ᅗࣚࢪ࢜ኬᏕᾇὊ◂✪ ᡜ࠽ࡻࡦ࢜ࢻࢱᅗࣚࣁࣜኬᏕ࡛ࡡභྜྷ◂✪ࢅⓆᒈࡈࡎࠉ༞ᴗᾇ࡛ࡡ⛸Ẓ㍉◂✪ࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊ≁࡞ ༞ᴗᾇ࡚ᐁ⦴ࢅ୕ࡅࡒ㏳ᖳ࡞ࢂࡒࡾ㛏౿⏻⮤ິびῼࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࡢࠉᴗᾇᇡࡡᏒ⟿ᾇểᇡ࡚ࡵ᭯ຝ ࡚࠵ࡽࠉ࣎ࣛࢼᾇᇡ࡞࠽ࡄࡾᇱ♇⏍⏐㐛⛤ࡡᏒ⟿ንິࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡊࡒࠊ≁࡞ࠉᮇᅗහࡡⱕᡥ◂ ✪⩽ࢅ୯ᚨ࡛ࡊࡒභྜྷ◂✪మโࢅᵋ⠇ࡊࠉᅗහ࡞࠽ࡄࡾᴗᇡᾇὊ⏍∸◂✪ࢅⓆᒈࡈࡎࡒࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ②ᑚ㐡 ᜇኰ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᮇᾇὊᏕఌࠉᮇỀ⏐ᏕఌࠉᮇࣈࣚࣤࢠࢹࣤᏕఌ ᩅ ⏍∸ᾇὊᏕ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ᴗᇡᾇὊ࡚ࡢᾇể⼝ゆࡌࡾิኚ࡞ࠉ᳔∸ࣈࣚࣤࢠࢹࣤኬቌṢࡌࡾࠊࡊ࠾ࡊࡼࠉ᳔∸ࣈࣚࣤ ࢠࢹࣤࡡ᭩ኬ⌟Ꮛ㔖ࡷᣚ⤾㛣➴࡞ࡢࠉࡐࡡᾇᇡࡡᆀᙟࡷᾇὮ➴࡞ࡻࡽᆀᇡᛮࡲࡼࡿࡾࠊ᳔∸ࣈ ࣚࣤࢠࢹࣤࡡฦᕱ࡞㛭ࡌࡾࠉୌ⯙Ⓩ≁ᛮ࡛࣭ࣞ࢜ࣜᙫ㡢ࢅゆ᪺ࡌࡾࡒࡴ࡞ࠉᴗᇡࡡᵕࠍᾇᇡ࡚ ࣆ࣭ࣜࢺ࣭࣠ࢠࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡱࡒࠉ᳔∸ࣈࣚࣤࢠࢹࣤࡡකྙᠺ㐛⛤ࡢࠉ⅛㓗࢝ࢪࡡྜྷష⏕࡚ ࠵ࡽࠉኬẴ୯ࡡ㓗⅛⣪ࢅྺࡌࡾຝᯕ࠵ࡾࠊ㎾ᖳࡡ◂✪࡚ࡢࠉິ᳔࣬∸ࣈࣚࣤࢠࢹࣤࡡ⏍⏐ 㐛⛤ࡡ୯࡚ࠉᆀ⌣Ὼᬦ࡞ㇿࡡࣆ࣭ࢺࣁࢴࢠຝᯕࢅᣚࡗ◪ࢩ࣒ࢲࣜࡷ࣎ࢩࢷࣇຝᯕࢅᣚࡗ Ѹ 35Ѹ ― 35 ― ࣒ࢰ࡛ࣤ࠷ࡖࡒ∸㈹ࡵ⏍⏐ࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࡆ࡛ᣞᦤࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡆࡿࡼࡡຝᯕ⏍ឺ⣌ࡡ୯࡚々ྙⓏ ࡞഼ࡂ࡛ࡀࡡᙫ㡢ࢅゆ᪺ࡌࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ③ῳ㑋 ᮇᾇὊᏕఌࠉᮇࣈࣚࣤࢠࢹࣤᏕఌ ◂ኯ㑳 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᩅ ᾇὊ⏍∸ᏕࠉᾇὊ⏍ឺᏕ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ᅗ㝷௺⏤ᐄ㛏࡛ࡊ࡙ࡡᴏຸ࡞ᨥ㝸ࡡ࠷⠂ᅑ࡚ࠉᾇểᅥ⏍∸◂✪࠽ࡻࡦ༞ᴗ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ༈Ꮥ◂✪ࣈࣞ ࢩ࢘ࢠࢹࡡ᥆㐅ࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ༈Ꮥ◂✪࡚ࡢᚉᮮᐁ᪃ࡊ࡙ࡀࡒᚨ⌦◂✪ࠉࣝࢩ࢛ࢾࣚᒌ◂✪ࡡ࠾ࠉ Ꮻᏼ⯗✭◂✪㛜Ⓠᶭᵋ㸝JAXA㸞ࠉ࠽ࡻࡦᅗ❟ᗛ࣬ᰜ㣬◂✪ᡜ࡛❟ࡔ୕ࡅࡒභྜྷ◂✪࡞ࡻࡽࠉ➠ 51 ḗ༞ᴗᆀᇡびῼ㝪࡚ࡡ⌟ᆀㄢᰕᐁ᪃࡞㝷ࡊ࡙ࡡㄢᩒ/ᨥᥴࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊࡱࡒ 11 ᭮࡞ฝⓆࡊࡒ➠ 52 ḗ༞ᴗᆀᇡびῼ㝪࡞࠽ࡄࡾ➠ VIII ༞ᴗᆀᇡびῼ゛⏤ࡡ༈Ꮥㄢᰕ࡞ྡྷࡄࡒㄢᩒ/ᨥᥴࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊୌ ᪁ࠉ༞ᴗ᮪⣑మโ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ⛁ᏕⓏㄢᰕࢅ୯ᚨ࡞ࠉᴗᆀ⛁Ꮥ࡛♣ఌ࡞㛭ࡌࡾㄢᰕࢅ㐅ࡴࡒࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᮇᾇὊᏕఌࠉᮇỀ⏐ᏕఌࠉᮇࣈࣚࣤࢠࢹࣤᏕఌࠉᮇ⸬㢦ᏕఌࠉPhycological Society of America ࠾ 4. ♣ఌὩິ࣬㈁⊡ ➠ 33 ᅂ༞ᴗ᮪⣑༝㆗ᅗఌ㆗ᮇ⾪ᅆဤࠉ༞ᴗᾇὊ⏍∸㈠″ಕᏋ᮪⣑➠ 29 ᅂᖳḗఌྙᮇ⾪ᅆဤࠉ⎌ሾ┤ጟェᴏ༞ᴗᆀᇡᰕᐳሒ࿈᳠ゞఌጟဤࠉỀ⏐ᖿᖲᠺ 22 ᖳᗐᅗ㝷㈠ ″ㄢᰕᑊ➿᥆㐅ᴏአὊ㈠″ࢡ࣭ࣜࣈ᥆㐅᳠ゞఌጟဤࠉᮇᏕ⾙ఌ㆗ᆀ⌣ᝠ᫅⛁Ꮥጟဤఌᅗ㝷ᑊᚺ ฦ⛁ఌ SCAR ᑚጟဤఌጟဤ ④ᕝ⸠ ᰜ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᩅ Ềᅥ⏍ឺᏕࠉ᳔∸⏍ឺᏕࠉ‘Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ (1) ᴗᇡࡡỀᅥ㸝ᾇὊ࣬‘㸞࡛ࡐࡡ࿔㎮㸝‘ᓃࡡᴗᇡࡡ㝛ᆀ㸞࡚⏍Ὡࡌࡾ᳔∸㸝⸬㢦㸞ࢅᑊ㇗ ࡛ࡊࠉᴗᇡ⎌ሾ࡛ᑊ㇗⏍∸ࡡ⏍⌦Ⓩᚺ➽࡛ࡡ㛭౿ࢅ◂✪ࡊࠉᴗᇡ⎌ሾ࡚⏍Ὡິྊ⬗ࡊࡂࡲࢅ ᥀ࡾࠊ࡞᳔∸ࡡ࢙ࢾ࣭ࣜ࢟⋋ᚋᡥṹ࡚࠵ࡾකྙᠺཬᚺ࡛⎌ሾ࡛ࡡㄢ⌟㇗࠾ࡼࠉᴗᇡ࡚⦶Ⱪࡊ࡙ ࠷ࡾ᳔∸ࡡ㐲ᚺ⌟㇗ࡡゆ᪺ࢅ┘ᣞࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ (2) ᮇ༞ᴗᆀᇡびῼ㝪࡞✒ᴗⓏ࡞ཤຊࡊࠉᾇὊࠉ‘࡛ࡐࡡ࿔㎮࡞࠽࠷࡙ࠉ㛣㏻⤾Ⓩ⎌ሾንິ ࡡびῼ㸝࣓ࢼࢰࣛࣤࢡ◂✪びῼ㸞ཀྵࡦཱིムᩩࢅ⏕࠷ࡒ⌟ሔῼᏽࢅࣈࣞࢩ࢘ࢠࢹ◂✪࡛ࡊ࡙ᐁ᪃ࡊ ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ (3) びῼ⯢࠽ࡻࡦᅗ㝷භྜྷ◂✪ࡡୖ࡚ࠉᴗᏽ╌ểࠉ༞ᴗᏒ⟿ᾇểᇡ࡚ࡡࢪࣜࢩ࣭ཀྵࡦ᳔∸ࣈ ࣚࣤࢠࢹࣤࡡᇱ♇⏍⏐Ὡິ࡛ࡐࡡකྙᠺ≁ᛮ࡞㛭ࡌࡾ◂✪ࢅᐁ᪃ࡊ࡙ࡀࡒࠊ(4)༞ᴗ‘ࡡ⏍ឺᏕ ◂✪ࢅ୯ᚨㄚ㢗࡛ࡊཱི࡙ࡽ⤄ࢆ࡚࠷ࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᮇ⏍ឺᏕఌࠉᮇ㝛⏍ᏕఌࠉᮇකྙᠺᏕఌ 4. ♣ఌὩິ࣬㈁⊡ ༞ᴗᇱᆀ࠾ࡼࠉᮇ࡚ࡡ༞ᴗࢅࢷ࣭࣏࡞ࡊࡒ࣊ࣤࢹཀྵࡦᑚ࣬୯Ꮥᰧ ࡡࠔ༞ᴗᩅᐄࠕ࡞ሒⓆಘࠊ ⑤ᮟ ᬓ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᩅ ᳔∸⏍ឺᏕ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ Ѹ 36Ѹ ― 36 ― (1) ༞ᴗ‘⏍ឺ⣌ࡡᵋ㏸࡛ᆀྍⓏን㐼㸯ኬ㝛ểᗃ࡞⾪ࡈࡿࡾ㞯ểᅥࡢࠉ⏍∸࡞ྊḖỀᐁ㈹ Ⓩ࡞ฺ⏕࡚ࡀ࠷≟ឺ࡞࠵ࡾࠉ࡛࠷࠹ណ࡚ࠉ⏍࡞࡛ࡖ࡙ࡡୌࡗࡡᴗ㝀⎌ሾ࡛ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ࡛ࡆ ࢀểᗃ࡞㝼ࡌࡾ༞ᴗ㟚ᒷᇡࡡ‘୯࡞ࡢࠉ༟⣟ᵋᠺࡼࡀࢂࡴ࡙㇇࠾⏍ឺ⣌Ꮛᅹࡌࡾ ࡆ࡛᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡖ࡙ࡀࡒࠊ༞ᴗ‘⏍ឺ⣌ࢅᵋᠺࡌࡾỀ⏍⹂㢦ࠉ⸬㢦ࠉࣁࢠࢷࣛࠉཋ⏍ິ∸ ࡡ⏍∸ኣᵕᛮࢅゆ᪺ࡌࡾ࡛࡛ࡵ࡞ࠉểᗃࡡᚃ㏝࡞ࡻࡖ࡙ᠺ❟ࡊࡒ༞ᴗἚᓃ㟚ᒷᇡࡡᆀྍⓏን㐼 ࢅࠉ‘ᗇᇼ✒∸ࡡゆᯊ࠾ࡼㄖࡲཱིࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡊ࡙◂✪ࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ (2) ࿔ể⏍ឺ⣌ࡡᵋ㏸㸯ࡆࡿࡱ࡚↋⏍∸⎌ሾ࡛⩻࠻ࡼࡿ࡙ࡀࡒểᗃ⾪㟻ࠉểᗃහࠉểᗃୖࠉ࠽ࡻࡦ⏍ ࡞இࡊ࠷ểᗃࢅཱིࡽᕬࡂ㟚ᒷᇡࢅࠉ࿔ể⏍ឺ⣌࡛ࡊ࡙⤣ୌⓏ࡞࡛ࡼ࠻ࠉࡐࡆ࡞ずࡼࡿࡾᴗ㝀ࡡ⏍ ∸ኣᵕᛮࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࠊ≁࡞ࣁࢠࢷࣛ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡢࠉᖕᗀ࠷◂✪⩽ࢅཱིࡽ㎰ࢆࡓභྜྷ◂✪మโࢅ ᵋ⠇ࡌࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ⑥髙ᶣ ࿔ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᮇ⏍ឺᏕఌࠉᮇ᳔∸Ꮥఌࠉᮇ㝛ỀᏕఌࠉᮇ⹂ⱇ㢦Ꮥఌࠉ⛸⏍∸Ꮥఌ ᩅ ິ∸⏍ឺᏕࠉິ∸⾔ິᏕࠉᾇὊ⏍ឺᏕ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ᴗᇡ࡞⏍ࡌࡾᾇὊኬᆵິ∸ࡡ⾔ິᏕ㸯ᾇὊ⏍ឺ⣌ࡡ㧏ḗᤍ㣏⩽࡚࠵ࡾኬᆵິ∸㸝ᾇ㫵࣬ᾇ⏍ဳ 㢦㸞ࡡ⾔ິ࣬⏍ឺ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙◂✪ࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊỀ୯ࢅ⮤⏜࡞ິࡀᅂࡾᾇὊኬᆵິ∸ࡢ├びᐳ ࡌࡾࡆ࡛㞬ࡊࡂࠉ⾔ິ࣬⏍ឺ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡡ▩ずࡢࡆࡿࡱ࡚ᴗࡴ࡙㝀ࡼࡿ࡙࠷ࡒࠊ㎾ᖳᴗᆀ◂ࢡ࣭ࣜ ࣈ୯ᚨ࡛ࡖ࡙ິ∸࡞╌ྊ⬗ᑚᆵエ㘋゛㛜Ⓠࡈࡿࠉ₧Ềᵕࠍ⾔ິሒリ⣵࡞エ㘋 ࡚ࡀࡾࡻ࠹࡞ࡖࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉᑚᆵ⏤ാエ㘋゛࡞ࡻࡽິ∸ࡡ࿔㎮ࡡ⎌ሾሒࡵᚋࡼࡿࡾࡻ࠹࡞ ࡖ࡙ࡀ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡆࡡࡻ࠹エ㘋゛ࢅࡵࡔ࠷ࡼࠉᴗᇡ࡞⏍ࡌࡾኬᆵິ∸ࡡ⎌ሾንິ࡞ᑊࡌࡾ ᚺ➽ࠉᴗ㝀⎌ሾ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ⏍Ꮛᡋ␆࡞ࡗ࠷࡙◂✪ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᮇ⏍ឺᏕఌࠉᮇິ∸⾔ິᏕఌࠉᮇ㫵ᏕఌࠉPacific Seabird Group 4. ♣ఌὩິ࣬㈁⊡ ⑦හ⏛ 㞖ᕤ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᅗ❟ᴗᆀ◂ୌ⯙ප㛜ㅦⁿఌ(2010.7) ຐᩅ ᚜⏍∸⏍ឺᏕࠉ⏍ឺ⣌⏍ឺᏕ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ (1) ᴗᇡ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ᚜⏍∸ࡡ᭯ᶭ∸ฦゆ㸯Ὼ࣬ஜ⇩᮪௲ୖ࡚᚜⏍∸ዯర࡞ࡊ࡙᭯ᶭ∸ฦゆࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙ ࠷ࡾࡡ࠾ࠉ࠽ࡻࡦῺᗐ⎌ሾࡡን᭯ᶭ∸ฦゆ⣌࡞࠻ࡾᙫ㡢ࡡゆ᪺ࢅ┘ᣞࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ (2) ᛬㏷ểἑᚃ㏝ᴗᇡ㝛୕⏍ឺ⣌࡞࠻ࡾᙫ㡢ビ౮㸯㎾ᖳᴗᇡ࡚ࡢ᛬⃥ểἑࡡᚃ㏝びῼࡈࡿ ࡙࠷ࡾࠉࡐࡡࡆ࡛ểἑᚃ㏝ᇡ⏍ឺ⣌࡞࠻ࡾᙫ㡢ࡢ࡛ࢆฦ࠾ࡖ࡙࠷࠷ࠊᮇ◂✪࡚ࡢࡐࡡ ᙫ㡢ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡊࠉ㝛୕⏍ឺ⣌ࡡᚃࡡን㐼ࡡῼࢅ┘ᣞࡌࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ⑧㣜⏛ 㧏ኬ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᮇ⏍ឺᏕఌࠉᮇⳞᏕఌ ຐᩅ ⾠᫅ᾇὊᏕࠉᾇὊකᏕࠉᾇὊ⏍ឺᏕ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ㎾ᖳࠉᆀ⌣Ὼᬦࡡ㘵ࢅᥩࡾኬẴ୯ࡡ㓗⅛⣪ࡡ⃨ᗐ୕᪴ࢅ⤾ࡄ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡆࡡ㓗⅛⣪ࡡ୕ ᪴ࢅῼࡌࡾ୕࡚⌟ᅹ᭩ࡵ㔔こ࡛ࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࡡࡢࠉኬẴ࠾ࡼᾇὊ࣬ᾇὊ࠾ࡼኬẴࡡ㓗⅛⣪ࡡ Ѹ 37Ѹ ― 37 ― ࣆࣚࢴࢠࢪ࡚࠵ࡾࠊࡆࡡ㓗⅛⣪ࡡࣆࣚࢴࢠࢪࡢࠉᾇὊࡡ᳔∸ࣈࣚࣤࢠࢹࣤකྙᠺࢅ⾔࠹ࡆ࡛ ࡞ࡻࡾ⅛⣪ᅖᏽ㔖㸝ᇱ♇⏍⏐㔖㸞࡞ᕞྎࡈࡿࡾࠊ༞ᴗ࣬ᴗࡡ୦ᴗᇡࡢ㟸ᖏ࡞㧏࠷ᇱ♇⏍⏐ງࢅᣚ ࡗࡒࡴࠉᴗᇡࡡ⏍∸⏍⏐ࡡ✭㛣ንິᆀ⌣ぜᶅࡡ⅛⣪ᚘ⎌࡞ኬࡀᙫ㡢ࢅ࠻ࡾࡆ࡛ࡢ⮤᪺࡚࠵ ࡾࠊ௧୕ࡡࡻ࠹びⅤ࠾ࡼࠉ༞ᴗ࣬ᴗࡡ᳔∸ࣈࣚࣤࢠࢹࣤ⛸ࠉ⏍∸⏍⏐ງࡡ㛏Ⓩ✭㛣ንິ ࡛ࠉẴುንິ࡞㛭㏻ࡊࡒንິこᅄ࡞㛭ࡌࡾ◂✪ࢅ bi-polar ちⅤ࡚㐅ࡴ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡱࡒࠉ࣭࣊ࣛࣤࢡ ᾇ࣬ᴗᾇ࡚ࡢࠉࡊࡣࡊࡣኬぜᶅළ▴⸬㢦ࡡኬⓆ⏍Ⓠ⏍ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊළ▴⸬㢦ࡢ⣵⬂ࡡ࿔ᅑ࡞⅛ 㓗࢜ࣜࢨ࣑ࡡṾࢅᙟᠺࡌࡾࠊᾇỀ୯࡞࠽࠷࡙ළ▴⸬㢦⅛㓗࢜ࣜࢨ࣑ࢅᙟᠺࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡽᾇ Ề୯ࡡࣜ࢜ࣛᗐୖࡌࡾࠊࡐࡡࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡽᾇỀ୯࡞࠽ࡄࡾ⅛㓗⣌ࡡᖲ⾦࠾ࡼᾇὊ࠾ࡼኬẴ 㓗⅛⣪ᨲฝࡈࡿࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࠉ᳔∸ࣈࣚࣤࢠࢹࣤධమ࡞ࡻࡾᇱ♇⏍⏐ງࡡንິ࡛࡛ࡵ࡞ࠉ≁ᏽࡡ᳔ ∸ࣈࣚࣤࢠࢹࣤࡡᣪິᆀ⌣ぜᶅࡡ⅛⣪ᚘ⎌࡞ᐞࡌࡾࡆ࡛ᣞᦤࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ࣓࣭ࣛࢹࢬࣤࢨࣤ ࢡཀྵࡦᾇὊකᏕびῼࢅ⏕࠷ࠉெᕝ⾠᫅࠾ࡼධ⌣Ⓩළ▴⸬㢦ฦᕱࡡ࣓ࢼࢰࣛࣤࢡᡥἪࢅ㛜Ⓠࡊࠉධ ⌣Ⓩ⅛⣪ᚘ⎌ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾ୕࡚ୌຐ࡛ࡾ◂✪ࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᮇᾇὊᏕఌ 4. ♣ఌὩິ࣬㈁⊡ ⑨ῳ㎮ బᇱ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ༇⎌ሾኬᏕㅦᖅ(2010.09) ຐᩅ ᾇὊິ∸ࡡ⏍⌦⏍ឺᏕ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ᴗᇡ࡞⏍ࡌࡾኬᆵᤍ㣏ິ∸㸝ᾇ⏍ဳ㢦ࠉᾇ㫵ࠉ㨮㢦➴㸞ࡱࢂࡽࡡ⎌ሾ࡞࠹ᑊᚺࡊ࡙࠷ࡾ࠾ࠉ ິ∸╌ᆵῼჹ㸝ࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭ࣞ࢝㸞ࢅࡖ࡙ㄢ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭ࣞ࢝ࡢࠉິ∸ࡡ⾔ິ࡛⎌ሾሒࢅ ྜྷ࡞エ㘋ࡌࡾ᭯⏕ࢵ࣭࡚ࣜ࠵ࡾࠊࡊ࠾ࡊࠉᅂࡊ࡙ࢸ࣭ࢰࢅㄖࡲཱིࡾᚪこ࠵ࡾࡒࡴࠉࡐࡡ◂ ✪ᑊ㇗ࡢᚉᮮࠉ්ᤍ⋋ྊ⬗ୌ㒂ࡡິ∸࡞㝀ࡼࡿ࡙࠷ࡒࠊࡐࡆ࡚ࠉࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭ࣞ࢝ࢅິ∸ࡡమ࠾ࡼ ࢰ࣏࣭࡚วࡽ㞫ࡊࠉVHF 㞹ἴࢅ㢏ࡽ࡞ᅂࡌࡾࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࡷࠉ㆑ᠼᚨࡡᙁ࠷ິ∸࠾ࡼ㐪㝰᧧ష࡚ࢸ ࣭ࢰ࣭ࣞ࢝ࢅวࡽ㞫ࡌࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࢅᕝኰࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊᴗᇡࡡິ∸ࡢ㎾ᖳࠉểࡡ΅ᑛࡷỀῺࡡ୕࡛᪴࠷ࡖ ࡒ⎌ሾࡡን࡞ࡈࡼࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡐࡡࡻ࠹ን࡞ᑊࡌࡾິ∸ࡒࡔࡡ⎌ሾᚺ➽ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡊࠉ㛏 Ⓩᑑᮮࡡᙫ㡢ࢅビ౮ࡌࡾࡡ᭩ኬࡡㄚ㢗࡚࠵ࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ⑩髙ᶣ 㑝ኰ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᮇỀ⏐Ꮥఌࠉᮇࣁ࢛ࣞ࢟ࣤࢡ◂✪ఌ ຐᩅ ᾇὊ⏍ឺᏕ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᮇᾇὊᏕఌࠉᮇࣈࣚࣤࢠࢹࣤᏕఌ 4. ♣ఌὩິ࣬㈁⊡ ♼ዄᕖ┬◂ಞㅦᗑ㸝2010.8㸞 ᑚᖲᕰࢨࣜࣁ࣭ኬᏕ㸝2010.10㸞 5) ᴗᆀᕝᏕ◂✪ࢡ࣭ࣜࣈ ①ⳝờ 㞖⾔ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ຐᩅ Ꮻᏼ✭㛣ࣈࣚࢫ࣏ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ᴗᆀびῼࡢெฦࡄථࡾࡆ࡛㐲ࡈ࠷ሔᡜ࡚ࡡびῼᚪこ࡛ࡾࠊࡈࡼ࡞㛏࡞ࢂࡒࡾ᭯ெびῼ Ѹ 38Ѹ ― 38 ― ࡢࠉࡐࡿ⮤మ⎌ሾࣤࣂࢠࢹࢅ࠻ࡾ࡛࠷࠹ࢩ࣏ࣝࣤ࠵ࡾࠊࡆࡿࡼࡡၡ㢗࡞ᑊฌࡌࡾࡒࡴ࡞ ࡢࠉࣞ࣍ࢴࢹびῼ᭯ຝᡥṹ࡛ࡾࠊ ࡌ࡚࡞Ꮻᏼ✭㛣࡚ࡢ㣍⩟మ࣬ᝠ᫅᥀ᰕᶭ࡞ࡻࡽῺ࣬㉰㧏┷✭࡛࠷࠹㐛㓖᮪௲࡚ࡡெࡡᡥࢅࡈ ࠷びῼ⾔ࢂࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡊ࠾ࡊࠉ⾠࡚᫅ࢂࡿ࡙࠷ࡾᢇ⾙ࢅࡐࡡࡱࡱᆀ୕ࡡびῼ࡞ᣚࡔ㎰ࡴࡾ ࢂࡄ࡚ࡢ࠷ࠊᆀ୕࡞ࡢᏫᏼ✭㛣ࠉࡡᝠ࡛᫅ࡢ㐢ࡖࡒ≁ᚡ࠵ࡽࠉࡆࡿ㏣࡞ᶭჹࡡ↋ெࢅ㞬 ࡊࡂࡊ࡙࠷ࡾ㒂ฦ࠵ࡾࠊ ᴗᆀ࡞࠽ࡄࡾࣞ࣍ࢴࢹびῼࡢࠉゕ࠹ࡿࡣࠔᆀ⌣ᆵᝠ᫅࣬ᆀ⌣ࠕࡡ᥀ᰕ࡞ࡼ࠷ࠊ᥀ᰕᶭ࡚ ࢂࡿ࡙࠷ࡾ⇍シ゛࣬ᅗ㹷シ゛ཀྵࡦ⛸โᚒᢇ⾙࡞ᆀ⌣≺⮤ࡡၡ㢗ࡡゆỬࢅຊࡊࠉ᭯ெびῼࡡ࠾࠾࠻ ࡾᵕࠍၡ㢗ࢅග᭱ࡊ࡙ࡹࡂࡆ࡛ࢅ◂✪ࡡ┘ᵾ࡛ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᆀ⌣㞹☚Ẵ࣬ᆀ⌣ᝠ᫅ᅥᏕఌ 6) 㐅ࣈࣞࢩ࢘ࢠࢹ◂✪ࢡ࣭ࣜࣈ ①ᮇᒜ ②᮶ ⚵᪺ ⨶Ꮔ ᩅ 㸝ຸ㸞 ᩅ 㸝ຸ㸞 ③ ⱝᶖ ຐᩅ 㸝ຸ㸞 ④ᕖᮟ ㈴ ຐᩅ 㸝ຸ㸞 7) ≁௴ᩅဤ㸝≁ᏽ᭯㸞 ①⏛୯ Ⰳ᪸ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ≁௴ຐᩅ 㸝ᏼ✭ᅥ㸞 ㉰㧏ᒒኬẴ∸⌦Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ (1) ࢛࣭ࣞࣚᖈࡡ☚Ẵᅥ㞹㞫ᅥ⤎ྙࡡ◂✪㸯ᆀ୕ࡡකᏕࠉ㞹ἴࠉ☚ሔびῼࢸ࣭ࢰ࡞☚Ẵᅥ㞹㞫ᅥ⤎ྙ ⣌ࡡ࣓ࢸࣛࣤࢡ࣬ࢨ࣐࣭ࣖࣝࢨࣘࣤࢅ⤄ࡲྙࢂࡎ࡙ࠉᇱᮇⓏ࢛࣭ࣞࣚࡡᵋ㏸ࠉິࡀࡡ࣒࢜ࢼࢫ࣑ ࢅゆ᪺ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ≁࡞ࠉ㞹㞫ᅥࡡ㞹Ẵఎᑙᗐ✭㛣㟸ୌᵕᛮࠉㄇᑙຝᯕ➴☚Ẵᅥ 㞹㞫ᅥ⤎ྙ㐛⛤࡞ཀྵࡌᙫ㡢࡞Ἰ┘ࡊ࡙◂✪ࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ (2) ୌ⯙࢛࣭ࣞࣚࢹ࣓ࢡࣚࣆ㏣ၡ㢗ゆᯊᡥἪࡡ㛜Ⓠ㸯࢛࣭ࣞࣚࢹ࣓ࢡࣚࣆἪ࡛ࡢࠉ࢛࣭ࣞࣚኣ Ⅴびῼ⥑࡞ࡻࡽ᧔ᙫࡈࡿࡒ々ᩐࡡ࢛࣭ࣞࣚ༟Ⰵක⏤ാ࡞ᑊࡊ࡙ࢤࣤࣅ࣭ࣖࢰࢹ࣓ࢡࣚࣆἪࢅᚺ ⏕ࡊࠉ࢛࣭ࣞࣚࡡ❟మᵋ㏸ࢅᚗඔࡌࡾᡥἪ࡚࠵ࡾࠊࡆࡡᡥἪࢅࡈࡼ࡞Ⓠᒈࡈࡎࡒୌ⯙࢛࣭ࣞࣚࢹ ࣓ࢡࣚࣆ㏣ၡ㢗ゆᯊᡥἪࡡ㛜Ⓠࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡆࡿࡢࠉኣⅤ࢛࣭ࣞࣚ༟Ⰵක⏤ാ࡞ຊ࠻࡙ࠉ EISCAT ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭びῼ࡞ࡻࡾ㞹㞫ᅥ㞹Ꮔᐠᗐฦᕱࡷ࣒࣭ࢩࣤࢡ࢛࣒࣭ࣛࢰびῼ࡞ࡻࡾ㖗ἑ㞟㡚ྺ 㸝CNA㸞␏⛸ࡡࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ⼝ྙࡈࡎࡾࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡽࠉ㜾ୖ㞹Ꮔࡡ࢙ࢾ࣭ࣜ࢟࣬✭㛣ฦᕱࢅ᥆ᏽࡌ ࡾᡥἪ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ (3) Pc3 ᆀ☚Ẵ⬞ິࡡⓆ⏍ࠉఎ᧓࣒࢜ࢼࢫ࣑࡞㛭ࡌࡾ◂✪㸯Pc3 ᆀ☚Ẵ⬞ິࡢ࿔ 10ࠤ45 ⛂ࠉᣲᖕᩐ nT ࡡᆀ☚Ẵࡡᣲິ࡚࠵ࡽࠉ࡞ኯ㝟㢴࡛ᆀ⌣☚Ẵᅥࡡ┞பష⏕࡞ࡻࡖ࡙ഁ☚Ẵᅥ⏲㟻ࡡ୕Ὦഁ ࡚Ⓠ⏍ࡊࠉ☚Ẵᅥࢅఎ᧓ࡊ࡙㞹㞫ᅥࡱ࡚㐡ࡌࡾ࡛⩻࠻ࡼࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡆࡡ◂✪࡚ࡢࠉᆀ୕ࡡࢡ࣭ࣞ Ѹ 39Ѹ ― 39 ― ࣁࣜኣⅤびῼ⥑࡚ᚋࡼࡿࡒᆀ☚Ẵࢸ࣭ࢰࢅࡖ࡙ Pc3 ࡡ┞㛭ࠉᣲᖕࠉన┞ࡡỀᖲ✭㛣ᵋ㏸ࢅㄢࠉ ኯ㝟㢴࢙ࢾ࣭ࣜ࢟ࡡ☚Ẵᅥ㒂ࡡὮථ㐛⛤ࠉ୩ࡦ࡞ࠉ☚Ẵᅥ㞹㞫ᅥ⤎ྙ㐛⛤ࡡゆ᪺ࢅ┘ᣞࡊ࡙࠷ ࡾࠊ (4) ࣒ࢰࢸ࣭ࢰࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪࡡᵋ⠇㸯ᴗᆀ◂ࠉ᮶ኬࠉྞኬࠉாኬࠉஐኬࡡኬᏕ㛣㏻ᦘࣈࣞࢩ࢘ࢠࢹ ࡞ࡻࡽࠉᶭ㛭ཱི࡚ᚋࡊ࡙࠷ࡾ㉰㧏ᒒኬẴびῼࢸ࣭ࢰࡡ᳠⣬ࠉゆᯊࢅᐖ᪾࡞ࡌࡾࡒࡴࠉ࣒ࢰࢸ࣭ࢰ ࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪࡷᐁࢸ࣭ࢰࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪࡡᵋ⠇ࠉ⤣ྙゆᯊࢮࣆࢹ࢘ࡡ㛜Ⓠࢅ㐅ࡴ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᆀ⌣㞹☚Ẵ࣬ᆀ⌣ᝠ᫅ᅥᏕఌࠉAmerican Geophysical Union 8) ≁௴◂✪ဤ ①⏛ᡜ ᗛ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 㸝ᏼ✭ᅥ㸞 ☚Ẵᅥ∸⌦Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ☚Ẵᅥහ࡞Ꮛᅹࡌࡾ keV ᖈ௧୕ࡡ㧏࢙ࢾ࣭ࣜ࢟㞹Ꮔࡡᾐ㐛⛤ࡢ☚Ẵᅥ∸⌦Ꮥ࡞࠽࠷࡙ᮅゆỬࡡㄚ 㢗࡚࠵ࡾࠊᮇ◂✪࡚ࡢ☚Ẵᨈࡡἴິ⢇Ꮔ┞பష⏕࡞ࡻࡾ㧏࢙ࢾ࣭ࣜ࢟㞹Ꮔᾐ㐛⛤ࢅࠉ༞ᴗ ᇱᆀ࡚びῼࡈࡿࡒ VLF࣬CNA ࢸ࣭ࢰ࡞ຊ࠻ࠉLANL ⾠᫅ࡡびῼࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ⏕ࡌࡾ࡞ࡻࡖ࡙ࠉび ῼⓏ᳠チࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ (1) ☚Ẵᔋ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ㧏࢙ࢾ࣭ࣜ࢟㜾ୖ㞹Ꮔ≁ᛮ㸯1999 ᖳ࠾ࡼ 2007 ᖳ࡞Ⓠ⏍ࡊࡒᑚ୯ぜᶅ☚Ẵᔋ 㸝Dst>-100nT㸞࡞㛭ࡊ࡙ superposed epoch ゆᯊࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ⤎ᯕ࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉ☚ẴᔋࡡⓆ㐡࡞ఔࡖ࡙᭽ഁ ࡚ VLF ᙁᗐ࡛ CNA ࡡቌኬࢅびῼࡊࡒࠊびῼࡈࡿࡒ VLF ࿔ἴᩐᖈ࣬MLT ࡢ☚Ẵᅥ࡚びῼࡈࡿࡾ࣌ ࢴࢪ࣭࣓࣭ࣚࢺࢤ࣭ࣚࢪἴິࢅ♟ြࡌࡾࡵࡡ࡚࠵ࡖࡒࠊ (2) SI ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ㧏࢙ࢾ࣭ࣜ࢟㜾ୖ㞹Ꮔ≁ᛮ㸯SI ࡢኯ㝟㢴ິᅸࡡ᛬⃥ንࢅఔ࠹ࠉ☚Ẵᅥᅸ⦨⌟ ㇗࡚࠵ࡾࠊ1999 ᖳ࠾ࡼ 2007 ᖳ࡞Ⓠ⏍ࡊࡒ SI ࡞㛭ࡊ࡙ superposed epoch ゆᯊࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ⤎ᯕ࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉ SI ࡡⓆ㐡࡞ఔࡖ࡙ MLT 12 ㎾࡞࠽࠷࡙ࠉCNA࣬VLF ᙁᗐቌኬࢅ♟ࡊࡒࠊࡆࡿࡼࡢഁ☚Ẵᅥ ࡞࠽ࡄࡾࠉ࣌ࢴࢪ࣭࣓࣭ࣚࢺࢤ࣭ࣚࢪἴິ࡛ࡡἴິ⢇Ꮔ┞பష⏕ࢅ♟ြࡌࡾ⤎ᯕ࡚࠵ࡖࡒࠊ᭞࡞ࠉ LANL ⾠᫅࡞ࡻࡖ࡙びῼࡈࡿࡒῺᗐ␏᪁ࢸ࣭ࢰࡢࠉSI ࡞ఔ࠹Ὼᗐ␏᪁ᛮࡡ୕᪴ࢅ♟ࡊࡒࠊࡆࡡ⤎ᯕ ࡢἴິ⢇Ꮔ┞பష⏕☚Ẵᅥ࡚Ⓠ⏍ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࢅࠉ᭞࡞ࡄࡾࡵࡡ࡚࠵ࡖࡒࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᆀ⌣㞹☚Ẵ࣬ᆀ⌣ᝠ᫅ᅥᏕఌࠉAmerican Geophysical Union 4. ♣ఌὩິ࣬㈁⊡ ᆀ⌣㞹☚Ẵ࣬ᆀ⌣ᝠ᫅ᅥᏕఌ ⱕᡥࢹ࣭ࣛࢲ௺⏤ࠔ࢛࣭࡛ࣞࣚᏫᏼኮẴ/ ⌦⣌ኬᏕ࣬ኬᏕ㝌ࡡ㐅Ꮥࠕ,12 ᭮ 20 ,2010 ᖳ, 㧏▩Ꮥⰹ㧏➴Ꮥᰧ ᆀ⌣㞹☚Ẵ࣬ᆀ⌣ᝠ᫅ᅥᏕఌ ࢹ࣭ࣛࢲ௺⏤ࠔ࢛࣭ࣞࣚࡢᔋࡡ㸴ࠤᏫᏼኮẴ∸ㄊࠤࠕ, 10 ᭮ 30 ,2010 ᖳ, 㑛ざᕰⱩᆀපẰ㤃 ᆀ⌣㞹☚Ẵ࣬ᆀ⌣ᝠ᫅ᅥᏕఌ ⱕᡥࢹ࣭ࣛࢲࠔ࢛࣭࡛ࣞࣚᏫᏼኮẴ/㹈㹉㹅ฦ㔕࡞㐅ࡳࡒࡴࡡኬ Ꮥ࣬ኬᏕ㝌㐅Ꮥࠕ, ②༎ᔋ ㄌ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 8 ᭮ 21 ,2010 ᖳ, 㧏▩ᕝᴏ㧏➴ᑍ㛓Ꮥᰧ 㸝ẴỀᅥ㸞 㞯ểᏕ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ༞ᴗểᗃහ㝛⾪ᒒ㒂ࡡᒒనᙟᠺࡡ∸⌦ᶭᵋ࡛ࡐࡡ㞹ἴ࣓࣭ࣛࢹࢬࣤࢨࣤࢡ (1) ༞ᴗࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋᇱᆀ࡚ᤸ๎ࡈࡿࡒểᗃࢤࡡ⾪㟻࠾ࡼࡈ 40m ฦࠉᖳ࡞⨠ࡀᥦ࠻ࡿࡣ㐛ཡ Ѹ 40Ѹ ― 40 ― 750 ᖳฦࡡᇼ✒ᖳ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉㄏᕣ 1 ᖳᮅ࠹ࡻࡾ࡞ᖳ㍀షᠺ࡞ཱིࡽ⤄ࡲࠉᏕ⾙ㄵᩝ Dating of the Dome Fuji shallow ice core through volcanic eruption records㸣 From 1260AD to 2001AD ࡛ࡊ࡙ࡱ࡛ࡴࠉPolar Science ヽ࡞ᢖ✇ࡊࡒࠊࡆࡡㄵᩝࡢᙔ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡚࠵ࡾࠉ༞ᴗểᗃහ 㝛⾪ᒒ㒂ࢅ㞹ἴ࣓࣭ࣛࢹࢬࣤࢨࣤࢡࡊࡒ㝷࡞᳠ฝࡈࡿࡒහ㒂ཬᑏᒒࡡᖳ᥆ᏽ࡞㈁⊡ࡊࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉ ༞ᴗහ㝛㒂ࡡᇼ✒㔖ࠉ20 ୠ⣎௧㜾ࠉ≁࡞ࠉ㐛ཡ⣑ 20 ᖳ࡞ࢂࡒࡖ࡙ࠉࡐࡿ௧๑ࡻࡽࡵ᭯ណ࡞ኬ ࡀ࠷ࡆ࡛ࢅ♟ࡊࡒࠊ (2) 750 ᖳฦࡡểࡡᇼ✒ᖳ᥆ᏽ࡞ᘤࡀ⤾ࡀࠉᖳᗐࡢ㐛ཡ 2000 ᖳฦ࡞ᖳ᥆ᏽ⠂ᅑࢅᗀࡅࠉࢤ ୯࡞ྱࡱࡿࡾ↋ᶭ⁈Ꮛᠺฦࡡࣆࣚࢴࢠࢪゆᯊࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊࡐࡡᠺᯕ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉᮇ㞯ểᏕఌ࡞࠽࠷ ࡙ࠉࠔࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋὰᒒࢤ୯ࡡ㐛ཡ 2000 ᖳฦࡡᏕᠺฦ⃨ᗐንࠕ࡛࠷࠹㢗┘࡚Ⓠ⾪ࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ (3) ᮇࢪ࣭࢘ࢸࣤභྜྷࢹࣚࣁ࣭ࢪࡡิሒ࣬⾪ㄵᩝ࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉ⌟ᅹୖエࡡㄵᩝᢖ✇┘๑࡞࠵ࡾࠊ 㢗ྞ㸯Spatial distribution of the ice sheet environment in the Dronning Maud Land in East Antarctica, including two deep ice coring sites at Dome Fuji and EPICA DML 㸝࣭ࣛࢺ࢛࣭ࢦ࣭㸞 ⴥ⩽㸯Fujita, S ࠉ༎ᔋࢅྱࡳ 23 ྞ ࡆࡡㄵᩝࡢࠉࢹࣚࣁ࣭ࢪ࣭ࣜࢹἚ࠷㸝S16-DF-MP-WASA㸞ࡡ࣭ࣝࢱびῼ࡛㸼㹅㹇びῼ࠾ࡼࠉࠔ⾪㟻 ㈹㔖ᨥࠉහ㒂ᒒࡡฦᕱࠉᇱ┑ᆀᙟࠉᗇ㟻ࡡ⤎⼝ゆࡡึืࠉཿ࠷ểࡡᏋᅹ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡡ㆗ㄵࠕࢅ ࡱ࡛ࡴࡒࡵࡡ࡚࠵ࡾࠉࡆࡡㄵᩝ࡚ࠉ༞ᴗහ㝛㒂ࡡ⾪㟻ᇼ✒㔖ࠉ1991 ࡡࣅࢻࢵ࣍ℾᒜᄂℾ௧㜾 ࡞ࡢࠉ㐛ཡ 0.75k,5.1k,7.9k ࡡᇼ✒ࡡᖲᆍࡻࡽࡵ㸦⛤ᗐኬࡀ࠷ࡆ࡛ࢅ♟ࡊࡒࠊ࣭ࣝࢱࠉࣅࢴࢹ ࣭࣠ࢠࠉὰᒒࢤ࡛々ᩐᡥἪࡡ⤎ᯕࢅẒ㍉ࡌࡾ࠾࡚ࠉὰᒒࢤฦᯊࡡᠺᯕ࠾ࡼࠉࡡᡥἪࡡᠺ ᯕ࡛ࡡࢠࣞࢪࢲ࢘ࢴࢠࢅ࠾ࡄࡾᙲࢅᯕࡒࡊࡒࠊ (4) ྜྷᵕ࡞ࠉ⌦Ꮥ◂✪ᡜࡡ᭻᭮ඁᏄ◂✪ဤ࣭ࣛࢺࡌࡾࠉྜྷࢤࡡ㐛ཡ㸧༐ᖳฦࡡᖳỬᏽㄵᩝ࡞ࠉ භྜྷ◂✪⩽࡛ࡊ࡙ཤຊࡊࡒࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᮇ㞯ểᏕఌ 4. ♣ఌὩິ࣬㈁⊡ ᮇ㞯ểᏕఌ࡚ࡢࠉୌ⯙ᕰẰྡྷࡄ࣊ࣤࢹࠔ㞯ểᴞఌࠕࢅ㛜തࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡆ ࡡ୯࡚ࠔ༞ᴗびῼ㝪ဤ࡞ࡖࡔࡶ࠽࠹ࠕ࡛࠷࠹௺⏤࡚ฝᒈࡊࠉၤⵒ࣬ᬉཀྵὩິ࡞㈁⊡ࡊࡒࠊ ③㔕ᮟ ኬᶖ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 㸝⏍∸ᅥ㸞 ᾇὊ⏍∸ᆀ⌣Ꮥ 㞯ểᏕ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ (1) ⣌าびῼ࡞ࡻࡾ༞ᴗᾇࡡ⏍∸⏍⏐㐛⛤࡛ᆀ⌣Ὼᬦ࢝ࢪ⏍ᠺ㐛⛤ࡡ◂✪㸯༞ᴗᾇ࡚ࡡ⣌าび ῼ࡚ᚋࡼࡿࡒᾇὊ∸⌦ሔࠉ⏍∸⏍⏐㔖ࠉ⏍∸⛸ࡡ✭㛣ንິࢸ࣭ࢰࠉᾇⰅ࣓࣭ࣛࢹࢬࣤࢨࣤࢡࢸ࣭ ࢰ࡛ᾇỀ୯࢝ࢪᠺฦ⃨ᗐࡡ✭㛣ንິࢸ࣭ࢰ࠾ࡼ༞ᴗᾇ࡞࠽ࡄࡾᾇỀ୯࢝ࢪᠺฦ㸝CO2, DMS㸞ິឺ ንິࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࠊ (2) ༞ᴗᾇ࡞࠽ࡄࡾኬẴѸ ᾇểѸ ᾇὊ㛣ࡡ࢝ࢪஹᥦ㔖ࡡᏽ㔖Ⓩビ౮࡛ஹᥦ࣒࢜ࢼࢫ࣑ࡡゆ᪺㸯༞ᴗ ᾇᏒ⟿ᾇểᇡ࡚ࡡ◃ể⯢࡞ࡻࡾびῼ⯗ᾇ࡞࠽࠷࡙ࠉ⌟ሔびῼࢅᐁ᪃ࡌࡾࠊᾇểࡡ∸⌦Ⓩᛮ㈹ࡡῼᏽࠉ ࣇࣚࣤࠉᾇỀࡡᏕฦᯊࢅᐁ᪃ࡌࡾࠊᚋࡼࡿࡒびῼࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ⤣ྙࡊࠉ༞ᴗᾇ࡞࠽ࡄࡾᾇểѸ ኬẴ 㛣ࡡ࢝ࢪஹᥦ㔖ࡡᏽ㔖Ⓩビ౮࡛ஹᥦ࣒࢜ࢼࢫ࣑ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ④⏛㑌 ᮇᾇὊᏕఌࠉᮇ㞯ểᏕఌ ඁ㈏Ꮔ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 㸝⏍∸ᅥ㸞 ᳔∸⏍⌦⏍ឺᏕࠉ㝛ỀᏕࠉỀᅥ⏍ឺᏕ Ѹ 41Ѹ ― 41 ― 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ (1) ༞ᴗ㝛ᇡ⏍ឺ⣌ࡡⓆ㐡࠽ࡻࡦࡐࡡን㐼ྍࡡゆ᪺ࢅ┘ᣞࡊࡒ∸㈹ᚘ⎌◂✪㸯✽⣪࣬⅛⣪ྜྷనమ࠽ࡻ ࡦකྙᠺⰅ⣪ࠉᰜ㣬ሲ㢦ࡡฦᯊ࡞ࡻࡽࠉ༞ᴗࡡ‘ࢅྱࡳὮᇡ࡚ࣝ࣊ࣜ⅛⣪࣬✽⣪࡛࣬ࣛࣤ࠷ࡖࡒ ∸㈹ࡡࡻ࠹࡞ᚘ⎌ࡊ࡙ࡀࡒ/࠷ࡾࡡ࠾ࠉ༞ᴗࡡ㝛ᇡ⏍ឺ⣌ࡡࡻ࠹࡞ࡊ࡙Ⓠ㐡ࡊ⎌ሾን㐼 ࡊ࡙ࡀࡒࡡ࠾ࠉ⎌ሾንິ࡞ᑊࡊ࡙⏍ឺ⣌ࡡࡻ࠹࡞ᚺ➽ࡊ࡙࠷ࡂࡡ࠾ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘Ⓩ ࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉ◂✪Ὡິࢅᒈ㛜ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ (2) ༞ᴗ‘࡞࠽ࡄࡾ‘ᗇ᳔⏍ࡡක⏍⌦⏍ឺᏕⓏ◂✪㸯༞ᴗ‘⏍ឺ⣌࡞࠽࠷࡙කྙᠺ⏍∸㞗ྙమ 㸝ࢨࢿࣁࢠࢷࣛࠉ⸬㢦ࠉࢤࢢ㢦㸞ࡡ⏍⌦⏍ឺᏕⓏ◂✪ࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊPAM ࢠࣞࣞࣆࣜ⺧ක ῼᏽࡷ HPLC㸝㧏㏷ᾦమࢠ࣏ࣞࢹࢡࣚࣆ࣭㸞ࢅ⏕࠷࡙ࠉ⩄㞗࠽ࡻࡦమࣝ࣊ࣜ୦᪁ྡྷ࠾ࡼࡡක⎌ ሾᚺ➽ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡊࠉකྙᠺ㞗ྙమࡡ‘⏍ឺ⣌࡞࠽ࡄࡾᶭ⬗ࡡゆ᪺ࢅ┘ᣞࡌࠊ (3) ༞ᴗ‘⏍ឺ⣌࡞࠽ࡄࡾකྙᠺ㞗ྙమࡡᙟឺ࣬ᵋ㏸࠽ࡻࡦᶭ⬗ࡡኣᵕᛮ࡞㛭ࡌࡾ◂✪㸯༞ᴗ‘ ⏍ឺ⣌ࡢࠉྜྷୌࡡ㛣ࢅ࠾ࡄࠉྜྷୌࡡẴು᮪௲ࡡࡵ࡛ࠉ‘ࡇ࡛࡞ࡐࡿࡑࡿ≺❟ࡊࡒࢨࢪࢷ࣑ᠺࡽ ❟ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ㎾ࡊࡒ‘࡚࠵ࡾ࡞ࡵ࠾࠾ࢂࡼࡍࠉࡐࡡኣࡂࡢἑᕖࡷ㞗Ềᇡ࡞ࡻࡖ࡙⦽ࡖࡒࡵࡡ ࡢ࡛ࢆࡂࠉධࡂ㐢ࡖࡒ‘ᗇ᳔⏍ࡡᙟឺ࣬ᵋ㏸࡛ࡖ࡙࠽ࡽࠉࡱࡾ࡚ࠉࡐࡿࡑࡿࡡ‘ୌࡗୌ ࡗᆀ⌣ぜᶅࡡᐁ㥺ሔ࡛ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࡵࡡ࡛ᤂ࠻ࡾࡆ࡛ࡵ࡚ࡀࡾࠊࡐࡆ࡚ࠉࡆࡿࡼකྙᠺ⏍∸ࡡ㞗ྙమ ࡽࡓࡌᙟឺ࣬ᵋ㏸࠽ࡻࡦᶭ⬗ࡡㅞ࡞㏍ࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘ᣞࡊࠉ᳔∸⏍⌦⏍ឺᏕⓏഁ㟻࡛⌦ㄵ⏍ឺᏕⓏ ഁ㟻࠾ࡼ┞ப࡞ࣈ࣭ࣞࢲࡌࡾࠊ (4) 㞯ể⸬㢦ࡡ⏍⌦⏍ឺᏕⓏ◂✪㸯᫋࠾ࡼኚ࡞࠾ࡄ࡙༞ᴗ࣬ᴗࡷῺᖈᇡ㧏ᒜ࡞࠽࠷࡙ࠉ㞯Ῡࡷểἑ ࡡ୕㉝࣬⥫࣬㯜Ⰵ࡞ࡱࡾ⌟㇗࠵ࡾࠊࡆࡿࡼࡢ⸬㢦㞯ࡡ୕࡚ྊちࡌࡾ࡞ኬቌṢࡌࡾࡆ ࡛࡞ࡻࡖ࡙ᘤࡀ㉫ࡆࡈࡿࡾࠊῺ࣬㈃ᰜ㣬࣬ᙁක࡛࠷ࡖࡒ㝸ᐐࢅུࡄࡷࡌ࠷⎌ሾ࡚ࠉࡡࡻ࠹࡞ࡊ ࡙ቌṢ࣬⏍Ꮛࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࡡ࠾ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡊࠉᅗහ㧏ᒜᖈ࠽ࡻࡦᴗᆀࡡ㞯ể⸬㢦ࢅࢰ ࣭ࢣࢴࢹ࡞◂✪ࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ (5) ᴗểἑᚃ㏝ᇡ࡞࠽ࡄࡾࢵࣤࢺࣚ⏍ឺ⣌ࡡୌḗ㐼⛛ࣈࣞࢬࢪ࡞㛭ࡌࡾ◂✪㸯㧏⦃ᗐᴗࡡểἑᚃ ㏝ᇡ࡞࠽࠷࡙ࠉểἑᮆ❻㎾എࡡ⿼ᆀ࠾ࡼࢵࣤࢺࣚ࡞࠾ࡄ࡙⥌⟮ᮨ᳔∸ࡷ Biological Soil Crust㸝ᅰቫ ᚜⏍∸ࢤࣞࢼ࣭㸞ࡡ⎌ሾᚺ➽࠽ࡻࡦ⏍ඔ⣪ິឺࢅㄢࡾࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡽࠉࢵࣤࢺࣚ⏍ឺ⣌ࡡୌḗ㐼⛛ࣈ ࣞࢬࢪࡡゆ᪺࡞ࡗࡅࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘ᣞࡌࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᮇ㝛ỀᏕఌࠉᮇ⏍ឺᏕఌࠉᮇ⸬㢦ᏕఌࠉᮇකྙᠺᏕఌ 4. ♣ఌὩິ࣬㈁⊡ (1)᩺⪲⣤୕࡚ࡡࢤ࣑ࣚ㏻㍍ࠔ⏛㑌ඁ㈏Ꮔࡡᴗ㏳ಘࠕ(᮶ዚሒࠉ2010 ᖳ 7 ᭮ࠤ2010 ᖳ 8 ᭮࡞࠾ࡄ࡙ 3 ᅂ㏻㍍㸞 (2)㟯┬ᩅ⫩ᖿ ᑚ୯㧏ᰧ⏍ᑊ㇗ࠔ㟯࠷Ề㎮࡞Ꮥࡩ⎌ሾࠕ ≁ืㅦᖅ㸝2010 ᖳ 11 ᭮ 30 㸞 (3)㟯ᕰ❟Ⲡᕖ୯Ꮥᰧ࡞࡙ࠔ༞ᴗࡡୠ⏲ࢅࡈࡃࡾࠕㅦⁿ㸝2011 ᖳ 1 ᭮ 30 㸞 ⑤ᅢฦ ரᙢ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 (4)㐄ษ᩺₳࡞࡙ࠔ༞ᴗ ♼⛆ࡡ‘ᗇࠕ┷Ⓠ⾪㸝2011 ᖳ 2 ᭮ 10 ྒ㸞 㸝⏍∸ᅥ㸞 ᾇὊິ∸⾔ິᏕ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ (1) ຊ㏷ᗐࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭ࣞ࢝ࢅ⏕࠷ࡒ࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤ㢦ࡡᤍ㣏⾔ິࡡゆᯊ㸯2009-2010 ᖳࢨ࣭ࢫࣤ࡞༞ᴗ༖ᓞᇡ ཱི࡚ᚋࡊ࡙ࡀࡒࣃࢣ࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤ࣬ࢩ࢘ࣤࢵ࣭࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤࡡ⾔ິࢸ࣭ࢰࢅࡵ࡛࡞ࠉᙴࡼࡡ㢄ࡡິࡀ࠾ࡼ 㣭⾔ິࢅฝࡌࡾ࡛࠷࠹ゆᯊࢅ㐅ࡴࡒࠊ᭩㎾㛜Ⓠࡈࡿࡒᑚᆵຊ㏷ᗐ࣭ࣞ࢝ࢅ࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤࡡ㢄࡞ཱིࡽ ࡄ࡙㢄㒂ࡡ⣵࠾࠷ິࡀࢅῼࡖࡒࠊࡐࡊ࡙㢄ࡡິࡀ࡛ࠉྜྷ࡞⫴୯࡞ཱིࡽࡄࡒ࣒࣭࢜ࣚࣞ࢝ࡡ⏤ാ ࡛ࢅẒ㍉ࡊࡒࠊࡐࡡ⤎ᯕࠉ࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤỀ୯࡚㣭࡞㐴㐕ࡊࡒ㝷ࠉ㢄ࢅ⃥ࡊࡂິ࠾ࡌ(࿔ἴᩐ 5 Hz ௧୕ࠉ Ѹ 42Ѹ ― 42 ― ᙁᗐ 1 G ௧୕)ࡆ࡛᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡖࡒࠊࡊࡒࡖ࡙ࡆࡡࡻ࠹㢄ࡡ⃥ࡊ࠷ິࡀࢅ࣓ࢼࢰ࣭ࡊࠉฝ ࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࠉ㣭ࡡ㐴㐕࡛㛭㏻ࡊࡒᙴࡼࡡ㣭ࡡࢰ࣐ࣤࢡࢅ⣵࠾࠷㛣ࢪࢢ࣭࡚ࣜᤂ࠻ࠉ㣭ࢹࣛ ࢴࣈ୯ࡡ㣭࡛ࡡ㐴㐕⋙ࢅẒ㍉Ⓩ㛏㛣࡞ࢂࡒࡖ࡙ῼࡽ⤾ࡄࡾࡆ࡛ྊ⬗࡛ࡖࡒ(Kokubun et al., 2011 J. Exp.Biol.)ࠊ (2) GPS ࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭ࣞ࢝ࢅ⏕࠷ࡒ࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤ㢦ࡡ㣭⾔ິࡡᖳንິࡡゆᯊ㸯ࡆࡿࡱ࡚ 2006-2007 ࢨ࣭ࢫࣤࠉ 2009-2010 ࢨ࣭ࢫ࡛ࣤࠉ༞ᴗ༖ᓞᇡ࡚ 2 ࢨ࣭ࢫࣤ࡞ࢂࡒࡖ࡙ㄢࡒ୕エ 2 ⛸ࡡ࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤࡡ⦶Ṣࡡ ⾔ິ(㣭ሔᡜ࣬₧Ềᗐ)࣬㣭ࡡහᐖ࣬⦶Ṣᠺ⦴ࠉࡈࡼ࡞⾠᫅࠾ࡼびῼࡊࡒኚࡡᾇ⾪㟻ỀῺ࣬ ࡡᾇểฦᕱ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉࢸ࣭ࢰࢅࡱ࡛ࡴࠉᖳ㛣Ẓ㍉ࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊࡐࡡ⤎ᯕࠉ2006-2007 ࢨ࣭ࢫࣤࡢࠉ 㣭ሔᡜࡢࣃࢣ࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤἀྙࡡ࠷ᾇᇡࠉࢩ࢘ࣤࢵ࣭࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤࡢἚᓃࡡὰ࠷ᾇᇡࡓࡖࡒࠊ⦶ Ṣᠺ⦴ࡢࢩ࢘ࣤࢵ࣭࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤࣃࢣ࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤࡻࡽࡻ࠾ࡖࡒࠊୌ᪁ࠉ2009-2010 ࢨ࣭ࢫࣤ࡞ࡢࠉ 㣭ሔᡜࡢࣃࢣ࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤࠉࢩ࢘ࣤࢵ࣭࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤභ࡞ἀྙࡡ࠷ᾇᇡࡓࡖࡒࠊࡱࡒ⦶Ṣᠺ⦴ࡢࣃࢣ࣋ ࣤ࢟ࣤࢩ࢘ࣤࢵ࣭࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤࡻࡽࡻ࠾ࡖࡒࠊ㣭ࡢࠉ୦ᖳࠉ୦⛸࡛ࡵ࡞ࢻࣤ࢞ࣘࢠ࢛࣐࢞ࡓࡖ ࡒࠊ࠽ 2009-2010 ࢨ࣭ࢫࣤࡢࠉ2006-2007 ࢨ࣭ࢫࣤࡻࡽᐨ෫⎌ሾࡓࡖࡒࠊ௧୕ࡡࡻ࠹࡞ᖳ㛣࡚ ᑊ↯Ⓩ⾔ິ࣬⦶Ṣᠺ⦴࣬ᾇὊ⎌ሾࡡ㐢࠷ࡢࠉ㣭ࣀࣄࢰࢴࢹ(ἀྙѸ Ἒᓃ)Ẏࡡ㣭ฺ⏕ྊ⬗ᛮ ࡡᖳንࠉ␏ࡾ⛸㢦ࡡ࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤ࡞␏ࡾ᪁ྡྷ࡚ష⏕ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ♟ࡌࡡ࠾ࡵࡊࡿ࠷ࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ⑥ⳝờ ᮇỀ⏐Ꮥఌࠉᮇ㫵Ꮥఌ 㯖ᕵᏄ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 㸝ᆀᅥ㸞 ᆀ⌣ᏫᏼᏕ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ฦࡊࡒ㝱▴ࢡ࣭ࣜࣈࡡ㸦ࡗ࡚࠵ࡾ࣭ࣗࢠࣚࢹࢅ⏕࠷࡙ࠉᑚぜᶅᆀ⌣ᆵᝠ᫅࡞࠽ࡄࡾ∸㈹㐅 㐛⛤ࢅゆ᪺ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡊ◂✪ࢅ㐅ࡴࡒࠊ࣭ࣗࢠࣚࢹࡢẍኮమ࡞࠽࠷࡙ᆀṾࡡ᭩አṾ࡞┞ᙔ ࡊࠉཋጙᆀṾࡡሒࢅಕᣚࡊ࡙࠷ࡾྊ⬗ᛮ㧏࠷ࡆ࡛ሒ࿈ࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࠊᮇ◂✪࡚ࡢ∸⌦ᏕⓏ࡞ Ꮽᏽ㖌∸࡚࠵ࡾࢩࣜࢤ࣭ࣤࣗࢠࣚࢹ୯࡞ずฝࡈࡿࡾࡆ࡛࡞╌┘ࡊࠉࢩࣜࢤࣤࡡᠺฦඔ⣪ ࡼࡦ࡞ᕵᅰ㢦ඔ⣪㸝REE㸞ᏽ㔖ฦᯊ࠾ࡼࢩࣜࢤࣤࡡᙟᠺ⎌ሾࡷࡆࡿࡱ࡚࡞⿍ࡖࡒᆀ㈹ᏕⓏ࣊ࣤࢹ ࡞㛭ࡌࡾሒࢅᘤࡀฝࡌࡆ࡛ࢅムࡲࡒࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᮇᆀ⌣Ꮥఌ㸡ᮇᆀ⌣ᝠ᫅⛁Ꮥ㏻ྙ ⑦Surdyk Sylviane 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 㸝ẴỀᅥ㸞 Passive microwave remote sensing, microwave snow emissivity modeling, interaction between microwave and the Antarctic snow-cover 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ (1) Development of a microwave emissivity model of snow based on the strong fluctuation theory. This study lead to the understanding of two main characteristics of the microwave signature. (i) the polarization difference is affected by the snow layering. (ii) the absolute level of the brightness temperature and its frequency gradient depend mainly on the snow crystal size and density (Surdyk and Fily, 1993). (2) Development of a snow dielectric constant model to improve emissivity models input. The modeling was based on laboratory experiments. I and a collaborator emphasized the importance of the crystal size and shape on the scattering (Surdyk and Fujita, 1995). (3) Modeling of the microwave penetration depth within Antarctic snow. The microwave penetration depth Ѹ 43Ѹ ― 43 ― varies from a few centimeters to one meter at high frequencies like 37GHz to several ten meters at low frequencies, about 20-40m at 6 GHz (Surdyk, 2002a). (4) A relation between the microwave brigthness temperature and the snow temperature. The brightness temperature at 37 GHz is highly correlated to the near-surface snow temperature and can be used to monitor short-time air temperature changes (Surdyk, 2002b). (5) Observation of a relation between snow surface undulation and the azimuthal modulation of the microwave brightness temperature. The relation implies an indirect relation between the brightness temperature and the main wind direction (2006). (6) As a member of the JApanese Swedish Antarctic Expedition project (JASE project), I prepared satellite data and images (SAR data, Modis data, AMSRE data, DEM). The information helped in the decision of the traverse route. Besides, I set up of a satellite-images-based navigation system for the JASE traverse (2007-2008). (7) Compilation and preliminary studies of the ground-based passive microwave observation made with MMRSE instrument during the JASE traverse. This is a unique dataset which covers 2800-km-long traverse line in Antarctica. 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ⑧Ꮹ 㝧 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 㸝ẴỀᅥ㸞 ⎌ሾᏕࠉ㞯ểᏕ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ (1) ༞ᴗ࣬ࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋểᗃࢤࡡࢱࢪࢹࢅ୯ᚨ࡛ࡊࡒẴು࣬⎌ሾንິゆᯊ㸯⌟ᅹࠉ༞ᴗ࣬ࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋ ểᗃࢤࡡࢱࢪࢹ㸝ᅖమ᚜⢇Ꮔ㸞ࡡゆᯊࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊරమⓏ࡞ࡢࠉHolocene ࡛ LGM ࡡ ࡡࢱࢪࢹࡡ㧏㛣ฦゆゆᯊ࡛ểࢦࢠࣜࢪࢢ࣭ࣜࡡࢱࢪࢹንິ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ๑⩽ࡢࠉᚉᮮࡻࡽࡵ㧏 㛣ฦゆ⬗㸝1 ᖳ௧ୖࠤᩐᖳࣝ࣊ࣜ㸞࡚ࠉẴುࢨࢡࢻࣜንິࡡゆᯊࢅ⾔࠹ࠊᚃ⩽ࡢࠉࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋểᗃ ࢤࡡểࢦࢠࣜࢪࢢ࣭࡚ࣜࠉẴುንິ࡞ఔ࠹ࢱࢪࢹንິ࡛ࡐࡡこᅄࢅ᳠ゞࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ (2) ࢩ㧏ᒜᇡࡡểἑࡡࢪࢤ࡞ࡻࡾ⎌ሾንິゆᯊ㸯ࣞࢨ࠽ࡻࡦ୯ᅗࡡ㧏ᒜᇡཱི࡚ࡈࡿࡒ ࢪࢤ࠾ࡼࠉᩐ༎ᖳࠤᩐⓊᖳࢪࢢ࣭ࣜࡡ⎌ሾንິ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ゆᯊࡌࡾࠊරమⓏ࡞ࡢ࢛ࣤᠺฦࡷ ỀྜྷనమẒࡡን࠾ࡼࠉࡆࡡᆀᇡ࡚ࡡ㐛ཡࡡẴು࡛ெ㛣Ὡິ➴ࡡ⎌ሾንິࢅビ౮ࡌࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᮇ㞯ểᏕఌࠉᮇᏕఌࠉᮇฦᯊᏕఌࠉኬẴ⎌ሾᏕఌࠉᮇᆀ⌣ᝠ᫅⛁Ꮥ㏻ྙࠉ ࣒ࣛ࢜ᆀ⌣∸⌦Ꮥ㏻ྙ㸝American Geophysical Union㸞 ⑨Daniel J. Dunkley 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 㸝ᆀᅥ㸞 ᆀ㈹Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ≁௴◂✪ဤ࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉ≺❟⾔ᨳἪெᾇὊ◂✪㛜Ⓠᶭᵋ㸝JAMSTEC㸞ࡡጟェ◂✪ㄚ㢗ࠔ㇃࣬ᑚ➗ཋ࣬ ࣏ࣛࢻᘴᆀṾࡡᙟᠺᖳࠕ࡞ᑊᚺࡊࡒࠊරమⓏ࡞ࡢࠉḗ࢛ࣤ㈹㔖ฦᯊ゛㸝SHRIMP II㸞ࢅ⏕ ࠷࡙ࠉᾇὊ◂✪㛜Ⓠᶭᵋ࠾ࡼጟェࡈࡿࡒࢦࣤࣈࣜ୯ࡡࢩࣜࢤࣤࡡᖳῼᏽࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉ≺⮤ ࡡ◂✪࡛ࡊ࡙ኬ㝛ᆀᇡࡡムᩩࡡゆᯊࡵ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ➠ 52 ḗ༞ᴗᆀᇡびῼ㝪ኚ㝪࡞ཤຊࡊࠉ࡞ࣛࣖ ࢵ࢚࣑࣬࣌ࣜᒷమࢅ୯ᚨ࡞ᆀ㈹ㄢᰕࡵᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ The Geochemical Society, International Association of Geoanalysts, International Association Ѹ 44Ѹ ― 44 ― for Gondwana Research, Japan Geoscience Union ⑩ಲඔ 㝧 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 㸝ẴỀᅥ㸞 㞯ểᏕࠉỀᩝᏕ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ༞ᴗࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋ࡚ᤸ๎ࡈࡿࡒᒒểᗃࢤࡡỀࡡᏭᏽྜྷనమẒࡡῼᏽࢅ⾔࠷ࠉཿ⎌ሾᚗඔ࡞㛭ࢂࡾ ◂✪ࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡱࡒࠉ༞ᴗ࠽ࡻࡦࢡ࣭ࣛࣤࣚࣤࢺཱི࡚ࡊࡒ⾪㟻✒㞯ࡡᏕ≁ᛮ࠾ࡼ⌟࡞࠽ ࡄࡾᴗᇡࡡ∸㈹ᚘ⎌ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾ◂✪ࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ 3. ᡜ ᒌ Ꮥ ఌ ᮇ 㞯 ể Ꮥ ఌ ࠉ ᮇ Ề ᩝ ⛁ Ꮥ ఌ ࠉ American Geophysical Union ࠉ International Glaciological Society ⑪㕝ᮄ 㤮ᑋᜠ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 㸝ẴỀᅥ㸞 ᴗᇡẴುᏕ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ (1) ༞ᴗᇡ࡞࠽ࡄࡾኬẴ㍲㏞⤊㊨࠽ࡻࡦ㉫″ࡡ᥆ᏽࢅᐂびゆᯊẴ㇗ࢸ࣭ࢰ࡛ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜὮ㊟⥲ゆᯊ ࣓ࢸࣜࢅ⏕࠷࡙⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊᚋࡼࡿࡒ✭Ẵምࡡᾇ㉫″ฦᕱ࡛༞ᴗහ㝛᪉⾔࣭ࣜࢹ୕ࡡ⾪㟻✒㞯࠾ࡼ ⟤ฝࡊࡒᾨ㣬㔖ࡡᖳࠍንິ࡞࠽࠷࡙ࠉḿࡡ┞㛭ࡲࡼࡿࡒࠊኬẴᚘ⎌࡞ࡻࡾỀⵠẴ㍲㏞࠽ࡻࡦ༞ᴗ ểᗃࡡᾨ㣬㔖ࡡ᥆ᏽࢅ⾔࠹୕࡚ᇱᮇሔࡡゆ㔐࡛ࡊฺ࡙⏕࡚ࡀࡾᠺᯕ࡛࠷࠻ࡾࠊ (2) ểᗃࢤᖳỬᏽࢅ⾔࠹ࡒࡴ࡞ᚪこࠉᖳḿ࣓ࢸࣜࡡᵋ⠇࠽ࡻࡦ㐘⏕ࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡱࡒࠉ ཿẴುሔࢅ්⌟ࡊࡒධ⌣Ẵು࣓ࢸࣜ࠽ࡻࡦểᗃὮິ࣓ࢸࣜࡡᐁ⾔⤎ᯕࡡゆᯊࢅ⾔࠷ࠉểᗃࢤࢸ࣭ ࢰ࡞࠽ࡄࡾንິࡡゆ㔐ࡡムࡲࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ⑫ඔሔ ူ㑳 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᮇẴ㇗ᏕఌࠉAmerican Geophysical Union 㸝ᏼ✭ᅥ㸞 ☚Ẵᅥ࣬㞹㞫ᅥ∸⌦Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ༞୦ᴗᇡ࠾ࡼずࡒ࢛࣭࡛ࣞࣚ☚Ẵᅥ࣬㞹㞫ᅥࢱࢻ࣐ࢠࢪࡡ◂✪㸯ᆀ☚ẴභᙲⅤ࡚࣋࠵ࡾ ࢪࣚࣤࢺѸ ᇱᆀ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ༞࢛࣭ࣞࣚකᏕびῼ࡛ࠉࡡᆀ୕びῼ㸝࣭ࣝࢱ࣭࣬ᆀ☚Ẵ㸞ࡷ⾠᫅ びῼࢅ┞Ⓩ࡞⤄ࡲྙࢂࡎࠉ༞୦ᴗ࢛࣭ࣞࣚິឺࡡභᙲᛮ࣬㟸භᙲᛮࢅ୯ᚨ࡞ࠉ࢛࣭ࣞࣚ࡞㛭㏻ ࡌࡾᵕࠍ☚Ẵᅥ࣬㞹㞫ᅥࢱࢻ࣐ࢠࢪࡡ⌦ゆࢅ┘ᣞࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡱࡒࠉࢪࣚࣤࢺ࡚ࡡ㔕አびῼࠉ ࢪࣚࣤࢺ࡛ᇱᆀ࡞࠽ࡄࡾකᏕびῼࢸ࣭ࢰࡡࣛࣜࢰ࣑ࠉࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪᵋ⠇ࡵᢰᙔ ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ⑬ዚ㔕 ῗୌ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᆀ⌣㞹☚Ẵ࣬ᆀ⌣ᝠ᫅ᅥᏕఌࠉᮇᆀ⌣ᝠ᫅⛁Ꮥ㏻ྙࠉAmerican Geophysical Union 㸝ᆀᅥ㸞 ᅖమᆀ⌣∸⌦Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯➠ᄿ⣎༞ᴗểᗃንິྍ࡛ᆀ⌣හ㒂ࢱࢻ࣐ࢠࢪ࡞㛭ࡌࡾ◂✪ Ὡິᴣこ㸯༞ᴗኬ㝛⦍㎮ᇡ࡞࠽ࡄࡾᆀ㈹ᆀᙟᏕⓏㄢᰕ࠾ࡼᚋࡼࡿࡒ㐛ཡࡡᾇỀ‵ࡡチᣈࢅᇱ࡞ࠉࢡ ࣝࢨࣔࣜࢮࢪࢰࢨ࣭ࡡ࣓ࢸࣜࢅ⏕࠷࡙➠ᄿ⣎ᾇỀ‵ንິࢅリ⣵࡞ᚗඔࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࠉ➠ᄿ⣎༞ Ѹ 45Ѹ ― 45 ― ᴗểᗃ⼝ゆྍࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࡴࡉࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ⌟ᅹࠉ①᭩⤂ểࡡ᮶༞ᴗểᗃࡡᣉኬ⠂ᅑ࡛⼝ゆ 㛜ጙࡡᖳࡡ᥆ᏽ࡛ࠉ②Ᏸ᩺ୠ୯࡞࠽ࡄࡾ᮶༞ᴗᆀᇡࡡῺᬦ࡞ఔ࠹ểᗃ⼝ゆࡡ✭㛣ንࡡゆ ᪺࡛࠷࠹ࢷ࣭࣏ࢅ࡛ࡽ࠵ࡅࠉᆀᙟᆀ㈹ࢸ࣭ࢰ࡛ࢡࣝࢨࣔࣜࢮࢪࢰࢨ࣭ࡡ࣓ࢸࣛࣤࢡ࡛ࡡẒ㍉ ࡻࡽࠉ➠ᄿ⣎࡞࠽ࡄࡾ༞ᴗểᗃࡡ✭㛣Ⓩንິࢅᏽ㔖Ⓩ࡞ぜᏽࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅムࡲ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ①࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ ࡢࠉ⌟ᅹࡱ࡚࡞ප⾪ࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾ༞ᴗἚᓃ㒂࡞࠽ࡄࡾᆀᙟᆀ㈹࠽ࡻࡦᖳೋ➴ࡡびῼ⤎ᯕࢅ࡛ࡽࡱ࡛ ࡴࠉࡐࡿࡼࡡᆀᙟᆀ㈹ࢸ࣭ࢰ࡛□┢ࡡ࠷ࡻ࠹ࠉ᭩⤂ể௧㜾ࡡᾇ㟻ንິࢅᩐೋⓏ࡞්⌟ྊ⬗ ༞ᴗểᗃ⼝ゆྍࡡᵋ⠇ࢅ㐅ࡴ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ②࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡢࠉࣛࣖࢵ࢚࣑࣬࣌ࣜ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ㝧㉫ᾇὶᆀᙟㄢ ᰕࡻࡽ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡈࡿࡒࠉᏰ᩺ୠ୯ࡡ᛬⃥ᾇỀ㟻㜾ୖࡡ࣊ࣤࢹ࡞Ἰ┘ࡊࠉࡆࡡ࣊ࣤࢹࡢࠉ ࣛࣖࢵ࢚࣑࣬࣌ࣜ㎾ࡡểᗃࠉࡐࡡ࡞᛬⃥࡞΅ᑛࡊࡒࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡖ࡙࠽ࡆࡖࡒࣛࣁࣤࢺ ཋᅄ࡚࠵ࡾࡆ࡛ࢅᩐೋⓏ࡞᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡊࡒࠊࡈࡼ࡞ࠉࡡ㛣࡞ࡡ⛤ᗐࡡểᗃ⼝ゆ㉫ࡆࡖࡒࡡ࠾ ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡡᏽ㔖Ⓩビ౮ࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ⑭ᇷỜ ㊨ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᮇ➠ᄿ⣎Ꮥఌࠉᮇᆀ㟀ᏕఌࠉAmerican Geophysical Union 㸝ᆀᅥ㸞 ྜྷనమᆀ⌣Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ 㧏វᗐ㧏ฦゆ⬗࢛࣏ࣤࢠࣞࣈ࣭ࣞࣇࢅ⏕࠷ࡒ᮶༞ᴗ࢙ࣤࢱ࣭ࣄ࣭ࣚࣤࢺࡡᖳᏕⓏ᳠チ ࢻࣅᒷమࡼࡦ࡞ࣝࢻ࣭ᒷమ࠾ࡼᅂࡊࡒᒷ▴ムᩩ࡞㛭ࡊ࡙ U-Pb ᖳฦᯊࢅ⾔࠷ࠉࡐࡡ㉫″ ࡷᆀṾ㐅㐛⛤ࢅ᳠チࡌࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᮇᆀ⌣Ꮥఌࠉᮇᆀ㈹Ꮥఌࠉᮇᆀ⌣ᝠ᫅⛁Ꮥ㏻ྙࠉThe Geochemical Societyࠉ American Geophysical Union 4. ♣ఌὩິ࣬㈁⊡ ⑮ᖲᯐ ᖷၤ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ㅦⁿఌࠔࢩࣜࢤࣤࡢరࢅㄊࡾࡡ࠾㸴ࠕ㯦㒂ᕰྚ⏛⛁Ꮥ㤃 2010 ᖳ 10 ᭮ 23 㸝ẴỀᅥ㸞 ฦᯊᏕࠉᆀ⌣⛁Ꮥࠉ⎌ሾᏕ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ 㞯ểムᩩࡡ᩺ࡊ࠷ฦᯊᡥἪ࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉྜྷనమฦᯊࡷᏕᙟឺฦᯊࡡ㐲⏕ࡡྊ⬗ᛮࢅ᳠ゞࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ㕪 (Fe)ࠉ࣏ࣤ࢝ࣤ(Mn)ࡡᏕᙟឺฦᯊࡷࢪࢹࣞࣤࢲ࣑(Sr)ࠉࢾ࢛ࢩ࣑(Nd)ࡡྜྷనమฦᯊ࠾ࡼࠉ㞯ểム ᩩ࡞ྱࡱࡿࡾ⢇Ꮔ≟∸㈹ࡡⓆ⏍″࡞㛭ࡌࡾሒᚋࡼࡿࡾࠊ(1)ࢨࣤࢠࣞࢹࣞࣤᨲᑏකࢅ⏕࠷ࡒ X ⥲ྺ᚜⣵ᵋ㏸(XAFS)Ἢ࡞ࡻࡾᏕᙟឺฦᯊࠉ(2)࣏ࣜࢲࢤࣝࢠࢰ࣭ᆵ⤎ྙㄇᑙࣈࣚࢫ࣏㈹㔖ฦᯊ (MC-ICPMS)Ἢ࡞ࡻࡾྜྷనమฦᯊࠉ(3)ᄿ㔔ᴗᆵㄇᑙ⤎ྙࣈࣚࢫ࣏㈹㔖ฦᯊ(QP-ICPMS)Ἢ࡞ࡻࡾ᚜㔖 㔘ᒌඔ⣪ฦᯊࠉ(4)ࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋểᗃᒒࢤࡡ࢛ࣤࢠ࣏ࣞࢹࢡࣚࣆ࣭࡞ࡻࡾ࢛ࣤ⛸ฦᯊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ⑯㕝ᮄ ⚵ᙢ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᮇฦᯊᏕఌࠉᮇ㞯ểᏕఌ 㸝ᏼ✭ᅥ㸞 ኬẴ∸⌦Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ (1) ᇱᆀකᏕびῼࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ⏕࠷ࡒ㉰㧏ᒒኬẴࡡ◂✪㸯࡞ᇱᆀ࡚ᚋࡼࡿࡒኬẴකฦකࢸ࣭ࢰࠉ ࠽ࡻࡦ࣒࣭ࢩࣤࢡࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ⏕࠷ࠉᴗᇡ୯㛣ᅥ⏲㟻㡷ᇡ࡞Ꮛᅹࡌࡾࠉἴິࠉᨈᠺฦࡡゆᯊࢅ⾔ࡖ ࡒࠊ Ѹ 46Ѹ ― 46 ― (2) ᇱᆀ࣭ࣝࣛࣚࢱ࣭ࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࡡ㛜Ⓠ㸯ᇱᆀ࡞シ⨠ࡈࡿࡒ࣭ࣝࣛࣚࢱ࣭ࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࡡ 㛜Ⓠ࡞ᦘࢂࡖࡒࠊ࡞ࠉ㐪㝰࠾ࡼびῼࣂ࣒࣭ࣚࢰ࣭ࡡシᏽྊ⬗⮤ິびῼࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࡡᵋ⠇ࢅᢰᙔ ࡊࡒࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᆀ⌣㞹☚Ẵ࣬ᆀ⌣ᝠ᫅ᅥᏕఌ 4. ♣ఌὩິ࣬㈁⊡ ᆀ⌣㞹☚Ẵ࣬ᆀ⌣ᝠ᫅ᅥᏕఌ(SGEPSS)തࠉୌ⯙ප㛜࣊ࣤࢹࠔ࢛࣭ࣞࣚ ࡢᔋࡡ㸴ࠤᏫᏼኮẴࡡ∸ㄊࠤࠕ࡞࡙༞ᴗࡢ࠾ࡎࢅᢰᙔࠊ2010 ᖳ 10 ᭮ 30 (ᅰ)ࠉἀ⦎┬㑛ざ ᕰ ᑠ ⑰ኬᒷ᰷ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 㸝ᆀᅥ㸞 ᾇὊᆀ㈹Ꮥ㸡ᇼ✒Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ Ⓣ㫽୷࡞ࡻࡾㄢᰕ⯗ᾇ࡞ཤຊࡊࠉࣛࣖࢵ࢚࣑࣬࣌ࣜࡡ㐪ὊᇡࡡཬᑏἪᆀ㟀᥀ᰕࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࠉ᩺ࡒ ᡥἪࢅ⏕࠷ࡒᾇᗇᇼ✒∸ࡡᇼ✒ᵋ㏸ࡡゆᯊࢅ⾔࠷ࠉ➠ᄿ⣎ࡡ༞ᴗểᗃንິ࠽ࡻࡦ༞ᴗᾇࡡ༞ᴗ࿔ᴗ Ὦࡡ༞⛛ິ➴ࡡᾇὊᵋ㏸ࡡንິྍࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ ࡆࡡ◂✪ᠺᯕࡢࠉࡆࡿࡱ࡚࠷ᗐࡡ ᾇᤸ๎◂✪⾔ࢂࡿ࡙࠷࠷ࠉけ⤊ 30 ᗐ࠾ࡼ᮶⤊ 60 ᗐࡡ༞ᴗᅥࡡᾇᇡ࡞࠽ࡄࡾᑑᮮࡡᾇᗇᇼ ✒∸ᤸ๎ࡡᮇࡡᥞ᱄࡞ྡྷࡄ࡙ࡵ㔔こሒࢅᥞ౩ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡱࡒࠉ➠ 53 ḗ༞ᴗびῼ㝪ࡡࢬ࣭ࣜ࣬ ࣞࣤࢱ࣭ࢾᒜᆀࡡᆀᙟᆀ㈹ㄢᰕ࡞ཤຊࡊࠉ➠ᄿ⣎ࡡ㝛୕ࡡ༞ᴗểᗃንິྍࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾ◂✪ࢅᐁ ᪃୯࡚࠵ࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ⑱㧏ᮟ ㎾Ꮔ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᮇᆀ㈹Ꮥఌ㸡 ᇼ✒Ꮥఌ㸡 American Geophysical Union 㸝ẴỀᅥ㸞 ཿẴುᏕࠉểᗃࢤẴమฦᯊ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ༞ᴗཀྵࡦᴗࡡểᗃࢤ୯ࡡẴమฦᯊ࠾ࡼ㐛ཡࡡῺᐄຝᯕẴమ㸝㓗⅛⣪ࠉ࣒ࢰࣤࠉୌ㓗✽ ⣪㸞ࡡንິࢅᚗඔࡊࠉẴುንິ࡛ࡡ㛭౿ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉ⌟ᅹᴗᆀ◂࡞࠽࠷ ࡙Ẵమฦᯊࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࡡᩒങࢅ㐅ࡴ࡙࠷ࡾࠊểᗃࢤ୯࠾ࡼẴమࢅฝࡌࡾ㝷ࠉẴమࡡ≁ᛮ࡞ࡻࡖ࡙ ⼝ゆἪ࡛ว๎Ἢࢅ࠷ฦࡄࡾᚪこ࠵ࡾࡒࡴࠉࡐࡿࡑࡿࡡ᪁Ἢ࡚ࡡ✭Ẵฝ⨠ࢅ㛜Ⓠ࣬ᩒങࡊ࡙ ࠷ࡾࠊࡆࡿࡼࡡ⨠ࡢᚉᮮࡻࡽểᗃࢤࡡムᩩ㔖ࢅ΅ࡈࡎࠉ㧏㏷࡚ฝࡌࡾシ゛࡛ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ ✭Ẵฝ⨠ࡡᑙථ࡛ྜྷ࡞ࠉ⃨ᗐฦᯊࡡᏭᏽᛮ࡞ඁࡿࡒ࢝ࢪࢠ࣏ࣞࢹࢡࣚࣆࢅᑙථࡊࠉᑛムᩩ࡚ ⃨ᗐฦᯊྊ⬗ࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࢅᵋ⠇ࡊࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉẴమࡡḿ☔ᖳỬᏽࢅ⾔࠹ࡒࡴ࡞ࠉ㈹㔖ฦᯊ゛ࢅ ᑙථࡊ࡙⢥ᗐ☔ヾࢅ⾔࠷ࠉムᩩẴమ୯ࡡ㓗⣪㸤✽⣪Ẓ࠽ࡻࡦ㓗⣪ྜྷనమ࣬✽⣪ྜྷనమࢅῼᏽྊ⬗࡛ ࡊࡒࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ⑲ᑚ❻ ᢽ㑳 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᮇẴ㇗Ꮥఌ 㸝ẴỀᅥ㸞 ཿẴುᏕ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ࡆࡿࡱ࡚ࠉࢡ࣭ࣛࣤࣚࣤࢺ࡞࠽ࡄࡾᏰ᩺ୠࡡῺᗐንິࡡᚗඔࢅᡥ᤻ࡄ࡙ࡀࡒࠊࡆࡿࢅ⾔࠹ࡒࡴ࡞ࠉ ࢪࢤࡡẴἳ୯ࡡ✽⣪࡛ࣜࢥࣤࡡྜྷనమẒࢅῼᏽࡊࠉࣆࣜࣤᅸᐠῺᗐᣉᩋ࣓ࢸ࡛ࣜ⤄ࡲྙ ࢂࡎ࡙Ὼᗐᚗඔࢅ⾔࠹ࠊࡆࡿࡼࡡῺᗐንິᚗඔࢸ࣭ࢰࡢࠉᆀ⌣ࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࡡ⌦ゆࢅ㐅ࡴࡾ୕࡚㔔こ࡚ࠉ Ѹ 47Ѹ ― 47 ― ᮅᮮࡡῺᬦࢅῼࡌࡾࡒࡴ࡞ࡵḖ࠾ࡎ࠷ࠊࡱࡒࠉᖲᠺ 22 ᖳᗐ࡞ࡢ➠ 52 ḗ༞ᴗびῼ㝪࡞ཤຊࡊ ࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋᇱᆀ࡞࡙ࣆࣜࣤ✭Ẵࢅཱིࡊࡒࠊࡆࡡࣆࣜࣤ✭Ẵࡡฦᯊࢅ㏳ࡊ࡙ࣆࣜࣤහ࡚࠽ࡆ ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾ⌟㇗ࢅゆ᪺ࡊࠉࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋࢤࢅࡖࡒẴುንິᚗඔ࡞ᙲ❟࡙ࡾᏽ࡚࠵ࡾࠊࡱࡒࠉᖲᠺ 23 ᖳᗐ̾ᖲᠺ 24 ᖳᗐࡡ⛁◂㈕㸝ⱕᡥ B㸞ࢅ⋋ᚋࡊࡒࡡ࡚ࠉࢡ࣭ࣛࣤࣚࣤࢺࡡ NGRIP ࢪࢤࢅ ࡖࡒ㐛ཡ 2000 ᖳࡡῺᗐᚗඔࡵ୩⾔ࡊ࡙⾔࠹ᏽ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ ࡆࡿࡱ࡚ࡡ◂✪හᐖࠊ ᖲᠺ 19 ᖳ࠾ࡼᖲᠺ 22 ᖳࠉᆀ⌣⎌ሾᡋ␆◂✪ᶭ㛭㸝◂✪ဤ㸞ࠉࢩࡡẴುንິᑊ➿㸝⥾ࠉ㐲ᚺ㸞 ࢅ◂✪ࡊࡒࠊࣤࢺࢾࢨࡡ◂✪⩽࡛ࠉᅗ❟⎌ሾ◂✪ᡜࡷா㒌ኬᏕࡡ◂✪⩽ࡼ࡛ AIM ࣓ࢸࣜࢅࡖ ࡙㓗⅛⣪ᤴฝࡡࢨࢻ࢛ࣛ◂✪ࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ≁࡞ࠉࢩ⅛⣪♣ఌ࡛⾦ᖲ(EquityࠉEquality)࡞ࡗ ࠷࡙ࡡၡ㢗ࢅ୯ᚨ࡞◂✪ࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ ᖲᠺ 13 ᖳ࠾ࡼᖲᠺ 19 ᖳࠉࢪࢠࣛࣈࢪᾇὊ◂✪ᡜࠉ࢜ࣛࣆ࢚ࣜࢼኬᏕࢦࣤࢸ࢙ࢥᰧ㸝༡ኃྒ㸞ࠉ Ᏸ᩺ୠࡡẴುንິࢅ◂✪ࡊ༡ኃㄵᩝࠔGreenland temperature, climate change, and human society during the last 11,600 yearsࠕࢅࡱ࡛ࡴࡒࠊ ᖲᠺ 18 ᖳࠉୠ⏲㖗⾔㸝▯ࢤࣤࢦࣜࢰࣤࢹ㸞ࠉࢩࡡẴುንິࢅ◂✪ࡊࠉࡐࡡᑊ➿ࢅࡱ࡛ࡴ ࡒࠊ ᖲᠺ 10 ᖳ࠾ࡼᖲᠺ 13 ᖳࠉTexas A㸛M ኬᏕ㸝ಞኃྒ㸞ࠉጙ᩺ୠ࠾ࡼₖ᩺ୠࡡẴುንິࢅ◂✪ࡊࠉಞ ኃㄵᩝࠔPaleogene cooling (55 ̺ 30 Ma) as inferred from oxygen isotope variation within mollusc shellsࠕ ࢅࡱ࡛ࡴࡒࠊ ᖲᠺ 10 ᖳࠉᾇ㐠ኬᏕ㈠″㛜ⓆᕝᏕ⛁㸝Ꮥኃྒ㸞ࠉ⌟ᅹࡡ㈠″ၡ㢗ࢅᏕࡦࡗࡗࠉ༛ᴏㄵᩝࠔThe evaluation of microcrack's three-dimensional orientation using Legendre functionsࠕࢅࡱ࡛ࡴࡒࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᮇ㞯ểᏕఌࠉᮇ➠ᄿ⣎ᏕఌࠉᮇẴ㇗Ꮥఌࠉᮇᆀ⌣ᝠ᫅⛁Ꮥ㏻ྙࠉAmerican Geophysical UnionࠉAAAS ⑳Kero Johan Ranold 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 㸝ᏼ✭ᅥ㸞 ኯ㝟⣌⛁Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ኬᆵኬẴ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࢅ⏕࠷࡙Ὦ᫅∸㈹ኬẴ࡞✲ථࡌࡾ࡛ࡀ࡞࡚ࡀࡾࣈࣚࢫ࣏࠾ࡼࡡᩋ㸝ࣉࢴࢺ࢙ ࢤ࣭㸞ࢅུಘࡊࠉࡐࡡ㏷ᗐ࣬㌮㐠ࢅ⢥ᐠ࡞ῼᏽࡊࠉࡱࡒᩋ᩷㟻✒ࡡ㛣ንࢅᤂ࠻ࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࠉὮ ᫅ࡡኯ㝟⣌හ࡚ࡡ㌮㐠ࡷὮ᫅⩄ࡡ㐅ࠉὮ࡛᫅ኬẴ࡛ࡡ┞பష⏕ࠉᆀ⌣ኬẴࡡὮ᫅∸㈹ࣆࣚࢴࢠ ࢪ➴ࢅ゛ῼࡊࠉᆀ⌣ኬẴንິࡡᙫ㡢ࢅ㆗ㄵࡌࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ 9) ⼝ྙࣈࣞࢩ࢘ࢠࢹ≁௴◂✪ဤ ①℡ᕖ 㧏ᘧ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 㞯ể⏍∸Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ༞ᴗࡷᴗࡡࢪࢤムᩩ࡞ྱࡱࡿࡾ㐿ఎᏄሒࢅᖳ㡨࡞ᚋࡾࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡽࠉ᚜⏍∸ࡡ ࡻ࠹࡞⎌ሾ࡛┞பష⏕ࡊ࡙ࡀࡒࡡ࠾ࠉẴುንິ࡞᚜⏍∸ࡡࡻ࠹࡞ᚺ➽ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࡡ࠾ࢅㄢࡾ◂ ✪ࢅ࠽ࡆࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡱࡒࠉ༞ᴗểᗃୖ࡛࠷࠹≁␏ᴗ㝀⎌ሾ࠾ࡼᚋࡼࡿࡒᮅᇰ㣬᚜⏍∸⛸ࡡࢣࢿ Ѹ 48Ѹ ― 48 ― ࣑㒼าࢅཱིᚋࡊࠉࡐࡡᶭ⬗ࡡゆ᪺࠾ࡼࡆࡿࡱ࡚ᮅ▩࡚࠵ࡖࡒ༞ᴗểᗃୖࡡ⎌ሾࢅゆ᪺ࡌࡾ◂✪ࢅ࠽ ࡆࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ②୯⃕ ᮇ㞯ểᏕఌ ᩝ⏠ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 㞯ểᏕࠉⰴ⢂Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ểἑࡷểᗃ࡞ྱࡱࡿࡾⰴ⢂ୌ⢇ࡍࡗࡡ DNA ฦᯊࢅ࠽ࡆࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊᚋࡼࡿࡒ㐿ఎሒࢅฺ⏕ࡊ࡙ࠉ ểἑ࣬ểᗃ࡞㣍ᮮࡌࡾⰴ⢂ࡡ㉫″᥆ᏽࠉểἑ࿔㎮ࡡ᳔⏍ን㐼ࡷࡐࡿ࡞㛭౿ࡌࡾཿẴು࣬ཿ⎌ሾᚗඔ ࡡ◂✪ࢅ࠽ࡆࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ③けᮟ ᮇ㞯ểᏕఌࠉᮇⰴ⢂ᏕఌࠉAmerican Geophysical Union ⪌ྒྷ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 㞹ἴᕝᏕࠉ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ಘྒฌ⌦ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ (1) 㐲ᚺࣝಘྒฌ⌦㸯࡞ኬẴ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ᚺ⏕ࢅ୯ᚨ࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉᩋಘྒࡡ㧏⢥ᗐ᥆ᏽ࠽ࡻࡦಘྒฦ 㞫ࡡࡒࡴࡡ㐲ᚺࣝಘྒฌ⌦ࣜࢥࣛࢫ࣑ࢅ◂✪ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ (2) ࣤࢷࢻࣝࡡ᭩㐲㸯ࣝࣤࢷࢻ࡞࠽࠷࡙ࡢࡐࡡࣤࢷࢻ㒼⨠࡞ࡻࡽ✭㛣ฦゆ⬗࡛ࢦ ࢺ࣭ࣞࣇࣝ࣊ࣜ࡞ࢹ࣭ࣝࢺ࢛ࣆⓆ⏍ࡌࡾࠊ㸧ḗඔ௧୕ࡡ㒼า࡞࠽࠷࡙ࡢࡐࡡ⮤⏜ᗐࡡኬࡀࡈࡹ࠻ ᭩㐲ࡡࡒࡴࡡୌ⯙Ⓩ᪁Ἢㄵࡢ☔⋙ࡈࡿ࡙࠽ࡼࡍࠉࡐࡡ⌦ㄵ࡛᭩㐲ࣜࢥࣛࢫ࣑ࡡᵋ⠇࡞ཱིࡽ ⤄ࢆ࡚࠷ࡾࠊ (3) ኬẴ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭࣒࣭ࢩࣤࢡ㸯✭㛣࠽ࡻࡦ࿔ἴᩐᖱῦ゛ᶭ⬗ࢅ᭯ࡌࡾ㧏ᶭ⬗ኬẴ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࢅ⏕࠷ࡒ Ὦᩋࡡ㸨ḗඔ࣒࣭ࢩࣤࢡἪࡡ㛜Ⓠࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ④᳔➁ 㞹Ꮔሒ㏳ಘᏕఌࠉ⡷ᅗ㞹Ẵ㞹ᏄᏕఌ(IEEE) ῗ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 㞯ể᚜⏍∸Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ểἑࡡ⾪㟻࡞⏍ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾይ෫ᛮࡡ᚜⏍∸ࡷࢪࢤ୯࡞ಕᏋࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾ᚜⏍∸ࡡ⏍ឺࢅࠉ㢟᚜ 㙶びᐳࠉᇰ㣬ࡷ㐿ఎᏄゆᯊࡡᡥἪࢅ⏕࠷࡙◂✪ࡊ࡙࠷ࡱࡌࠊ࠵ࡱࡽ⏍∸ࡡ⏍ᅥ࡛ࡊ࡙ヾㆉࡈ ࡿ࡙࠷࠷ểࡡ୕࡚ࡵኣᵕ᚜⏍∸⏍ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡖ࡙ࡀ࡙࠽ࡽࠉࡆࡿࡼࡡ⏍ឺ࡛ ểἑࢅཱིࡽᕬࡂ⎌ሾ࡛ࡡ㛭㏻ᛮ࡞╌┘ࡊ࡙◂✪ࢅ㐅ࡴ࡙࠷ࡱࡌࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ⑤ጭ㔕 ᮇ㞯ểᏕఌࠉᮇ᚜⏍∸⏍ឺᏕఌࠉAmerican Geophysical Union ူெ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᩐ⌦⤣゛Ꮥࠉ⤣゛ᆀ㟀Ꮥ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯ᴗᇡ࡞࠽ࡄࡾᆀ㟀Ὡິࡡ⤣゛Ⓩゆᯊ Ὡິᴣこ㸯ᴗᇡ࡚ࡡᆀ㟀Ὡິࢅㄢࡾࡒࡴ࡞ࠉᆀ㟀ࡡ⤣゛ⓏゆᯊἪࡡୌࡗ࡚࠵ࡾ Epidemic Type Aftershock Sequence (ETAS)࣓ࢸࣜࢅ࠷ฦᯊࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡆࡡ࣓ࢸࣜࡢఴ㟀Ὡິ࡛ࡐࡿ௧አࡡ Ѹ 49Ѹ ― 49 ― ᆀ㟀ࢅ⤣゛Ⓩ࡞ฦ㞫࡚ࡀࡾࡡ࡚ࠉఴ㟀Ὡິ௧አࡡᆀ㟀ࡡⓆ⏍㢎ᗐ࡞Ἰ┘ࡊࡒฦᯊྊ⬗࡛ࡾࠊఴ 㟀௧አࡡᆀ㟀Ὡິᗐࡡ㛣ንࡡฦᯊࢅ⾔࠷ࠉᴗᇡ࡚ࡡᆀ㟀Ὡິࡡࡻ࠹࡞ንࡊ࡙࠷ࡾ࠾ࢅㄢ ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ༞ᴗ࿔㎮࡚Ⓠ⏍ࡊࡒᆀ㟀ࡡ୯࡚ࡵࠉ≁࡞ࣁࣝࢼ࣭ᆀ㟀࡞㛭ࡊࠉࡐࡡ๑ᚃ࡚ࡡᆀ㟀Ὡິᗐ ࡡንࡡฦᯊࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ⑥ᑚᯐ ᮇ⤣゛ᏕఌࠉᮇᩐᏕఌ ᚷ 1. ◂✪ฦ㔕 ᯐ⏍ឺࠉ᳔∸ฦᏄ⏍ឺࠉ⹂㢦㸨㸹⏤ാࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪ 2. ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡛Ὡິᴣこ (1) ⹂㢦ᵾᮇࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪࡡ㸨㸹ᵋ⠇ (2) ➠ 52 ḗᮇ༞ᴗᆀᇡびῼ㝪࣬ኚ㝪࡞࠽ࡄࡾ⏍ឺንິ㸯52 ḗびῼ㝪࣬ኚ㝪࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉ༞ᴗ㸝ࣚࣤࢡ ࣌ࣇࢷ࣬ࢪ࢜ࣜࣇࢪࢾࢪ࣬ࢪ࣭࢜ࣝࣤ㸞࡞࡙ࠉ⹂㢦ᵾᮇࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪ⏕ࡡ㸨㸹᧔ᙫ࠽ࡻࡦᵾᮇࡡ ཱིࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ༞ᴗ⌟ᆀ⏕ࡡ㸨㸹࣭࣑ࡡシ゛࠽ࡻࡦโషࠊ⹂㢦㸨㸹᩺ࢮࣆࢹ㛜Ⓠࡡࣈࣞࢸ࣭ࣖࢪࠊ ≁ス㸯௫Ⓩ❟మ⏤ാࡡ⾪♟⨠ࠉ⾪♟᪁Ἢ࠽ࡻࡦ⾪♟ࣈࣞࢡ࣑ࣚ ≁ ス ฝ 㢢 ୯ ฝ 㢢 ␊ྒ 2009-031165 3. ᡜᒌᏕఌ ᮇ⏍ឺᏕఌࠉᮇ᳔∸Ꮥఌࠉ᳔⏍Ꮥఌࠉᮇ㐿ఎᏕఌࠉ᳔∸ᆀ⌦ฦ㢦Ꮥఌࠉᮇ⏍∸ ᩅ⫩Ꮥఌ Ѹ 50Ѹ ― 50 ― 4. ◂✪ࣈࣞࢩ࢘ࢠࢹ 1㸞㐅ࣈࣞࢩ࢘ࢠࢹ ᮇᒜ KP-1 ◂✪ㄚ㢗 ⚵᪺ ᴗᆀࡡ㐛ཡ࠾ࡼࠔᆀ⌣ࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࠕࡡ࣒࢜ࢼࢫ࣑࡞㏍ࡾ í➠ᄿ⣎ࡡᴗᆀ⎌ሾ࣬ኬẴ⤄ᠺንິࡡ㧏⢥ᗐ࣬㧏㛣ฦゆ⬗ᚗඔí ◂✪㛣 ᖲᠺ 20~24 ᖳᗐ ᡜහභྜྷ◂✪⩽ ᮶ ᮟ ⨶Ꮔࠉᕖᮟ㈴ࠉⱝᶖࠉ⸠⌦⾔ࠉ♼ᒜᏏྚࠉ♼⏛ၤྍࠉ⸠⏛⚵ࠉ ᬓࠉཿᕖᬏ㞕ࠉᮇ┷ྒྷࠉ⯢ᮄ Ꮹ㝧ࠉಲඔ㝧ࠉዚ㔕ῗୌࠉ༎ᔋ ᐹࠉ㔕ᮄ⩇ྍࠉⳚࠉᖲᯐᖷၤࠉ ᡜአභྜྷ◂✪⩽ ㄌࠉኬᒷ᰷ ᑠࠉ㧏ᮟ㎾Ꮔࠉ㕝ᮄ㤮ᑋᜠ 㰳⸠ᶖࠉኬἑහ├ᙢࠉᆊᮇ❫ᙢࠉ➁හ⏜㤮㔓ࠉᶋᒜᏳኯ㑳ࠉ᭻᭮ඁᏄࠉᆊ୯ఘஒࠉ ⏛ົᖶࠉཿᓧ ╤ࠉཋཾ ᙁࠉ㟯ᮄ㍜ኰࠉᴦᮇᾀࠉ㧏ᶣಞᖲࠉᇷ ᙪࠉஞ⏛㈏㞕ࠉ ᒷᓧḿ྿ࠉᗁᏄ ொࠉ▴ᕖᑠெࠉ㰳⸠㝧ᚷࠉᖶᓞྒྷ㑳ࠉᮄୖ ῗࠉ⏛⚵ᶖࠉ ℡ᡖᾀࠉ㕝ᮄၤຐࠉⓉᒷᏏ⾔ࠉけᑹᩝᙢࠉᮿᒱ▩ࠉྚ⏛ᑠᘧࠉᶋᒜ♰ࠉ 㜷㒂ᙤᏄࠉᮿᓧᾀࠉ㟯ᮄ࿔ྒྷࠉ୯⃕㧏ΰࠉῳ㎮ᖶୌࠉ㒿ⱝ⏠ࠉ᮶ ಘᙢࠉ ⸠⩇㑳ࠉ㧏⏛Ꮼ᪸ࠉఫ⸠⚵ࠉけᮟᾀୌࠉ⸠⏛⪌ྍࠉ髙⏛ᑑᚷࠉᇷහୌ✉ࠉ ๑᮫ⱝ᪺ࠉఫ⸠㧏ᬍࠉᖲᕖୌ⮟ࠉ⃕ᰘᩅఘࠉGreve, Ralfࠉἑᮟප㝧ࠉᮙᒜ ெᩐ 82 ெ ⤊㈕ 4,730 ༐ළ 㣜ሪⰶᚠࠉᐋᮇ ῗࠉⓏሔ⃀ெࠉⳚཋ ᮿᒱୌࠉ᳔ᮟ ❟ࠉἑ㔕⨶㤮 ᨼࠉ㕝ᮄฺᏏࠉᒷ⏛ಞࠉờཋ ួࠉ ᐁࠉ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ᮇࣈࣞࢩ࢘ࢠࢹࡡ◂✪┘Ⓩࡢࠉ༞ᴗࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋểᗃࢤ࠽ࡻࡦ᩺ࡒ࡞ᤸ๎ࡈࡿࡾࢡ࣭ࣛࣤࣚࣤࢺ ᒒểᗃࢤ㸝NEEM ࢤ㸞ࡡゆᯊ࡛ࠉ༞ᴗࡡ㝛୕࠾ࡼᾇᗇ࡞࠾ࡄ࡙ࡡᆀᙟᆀ㈹ࡡㄢᰕ࡞ࡻࡽࠉ➠ᄿ⣎ᚃ ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ༞ᴗᇡࡡẴುንິࡷኬẴ୯ࡡῺᐄຝᯕẴమንິࠉ༞ᴗểᗃንິࠉ༞ኬὊࡡ⎌ሾንິࡡ⣌ าエ㘋ࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡊ࡙ࠉᏋࡡཿ⎌ሾࢸ࣭ࢰ࡛ྙࢂࡎ࡙ゆᯊࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡽࠉẴುࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࡡ⌦ ゆ࡛ᆀ⌣⎌ሾንິῼࡡ㧏⢥ᗐ࡞㈁⊡ࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡞࠵ࡾࠊࡆࡿࡼࡡ㆗ㄵ࡞ᚪこᇱ♇ࢸ࣭ࢰཱིᚋࡡࡒࡴ ࡡ㛭㏻ムᩩࡡཱི࠽ࡻࡦム࣬㈠ᩩࡡฦᯊ࡛ゆᯊࢅᐁ᪃ࡌࡾࠊ ◂✪⤊㐛࡛ᠺᯕ 㸱ểᗃࢤ㸳 ࣬༞ᴗểᗃ୕ࡡἚᓃ࠾ࡼහ㝛࡞⮫ࡾ⣑ 1000 ㎞ࡡ㍲㏞࣭ࣜࢹ࠵ࡽࠉ10 ㎞Ẏ࡞ཱིࡊࡒ⾪㟻✒㞯࡛ࢺ࣭ ࣑ࣅࢴࢹࡡ࢛ࣤࠉỀྜྷనమࠉࢱࢪࢹࡡฦᯊࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ≁࡞᭩㎾ࡡኬ㞯࡛ࡡ㛭㏻࡞Ἰ┘ࡊ࡙ᏕఌⓆ⾪ࡊ ࡒࠊ ࣬༞ᴗࡡ᭩⤂ể୯ࡡᩐ༐ᖳࢪࢢ࣭ࣜࡡῺᬦ࣊ࣤࢹ࡚࠵ࡾ AIM ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉ10 ᖳ௧හࡡ㛣ฦゆ⬗ ࡚ࢤゆᯊࢅ㐅ࡴࡒࠊ࢛ࣤ 2.5 ᖳ๑࠾ࡼ 3.9 ᖳ๑ࡱ࡚ࠉỀྜྷనమ 2.7 ᖳ࠾ࡼ 3.9 ᖳࠉࢱࢪ ࢹ 2.3 ᖳ࠾ࡼ 3.9 ᖳࡱ࡚࡚ࠉ6 ࡗࡡ AIM ࣊ࣤࢹྱࡱࡿࡾࠊ ࣬ࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋࢤࡡ 72 ᖳ㛣ࡡᇱᮇࢸ࣭ࢰࢬࢴࢹషᠺ࡛㧏⢥ᗐᖳỬᏽ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡢ◂✪ࢅ⤽⤾୯ࠊ Ѹ 47Ѹ ― 51 ― ࣬ࢱࢪࢹฦᯊἪ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡢࠉࡈࡱࡉࡱ᳠ゞࢅࡊ࡙ࠉୌᚺࡡゆỬࢅࡊࡒࠊ ࣬ểᗃࢤ࠾ࡼẴῺንິᚗඔࢅ㧏⢥ᗐࡌࡾࡒࡴ࡞ࠉྜྷనమ࣓ࢸࣜࢅ⏕࠷ࡒẴῺᚗඔᐁ㥺࡞ࡗ࠷࡙リ⣵ ්᳠ゞࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ࡛ࡂ࡞ࠉỀฦᏄࡡࠔỀ⣪ࠕ࡛ࠔ㓗⣪ࠕᏭᏽྜྷనమẒࢅ୦᪁࡛ࡵゆᯊ࡞⤄ࡲථࡿࡾࡆ ࡛࡚ࠉỀⵠẴ㉫″ᾇᇡࡡỀῺᚗඔࡡጂᙔᛮ࡞Ἰ┘ࡊ࡙ゆᯊࡊࡒࠊࡐࡡ⤎ᯕࠉ㐛ཡࡡ◂✪⤎ᯕ࡛ࡢ␏ࡽࠉ ỀⵠẴ㉫″ỀῺንິ᭯ណ࡞ኬࡀ࠷᥆ᏽೋࢅᚋࡒࠊࡊ࠾ࡊࠉẴῺࡡᚗඔ⤎ᯕࡢ㐛ཡࡡ◂✪࡛ࡢኬࡀࡂࡢ ␏ࡼ࠾ࡖࡒࠊ ࣬༞ᴗびῼ࡚ᚋࡼࡿࡒ㞯ểムᩩ࠽ࡻࡦ⌟ᆀࢸ࣭ࢰࡷ࣓࣭ࣛࢹࢬࣤࢨࣤࢡࢸ࣭ࢰࢅඔ࡞ࠉ༞ᴗểᗃࡡ∸⌦ ᒒనᵋ㏸࡞࠾࠾ࡾムᩩฦᯊ࡛ࢸ࣭ࢰゆᯊࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊ◂✪ᠺᯕප⾪࡛ゞㄵࡡࡒࡴ࡞ࠉࢿ࣭ࣜ࢘ࡡ࢛ࢪ ࣞᕰ࡚㛜തࡈࡿࡒ IPY ᅗ㝷ఌ㆗࡞⸠⏛ཤຊࡊࡒࠊㄵᩝᇮ➱ࢅࡌࡌࡴࡒࠊ௧ୖ㸩㡧┘ࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊ(1) ༞ ᴗ⌟ᆀびῼࢸ࣭ࢰ࡛ࡊ࡙ᚋࡼࡿࡒểᗃ⾪ᒒ㒂ࡡ∸⌦ᵋ㏸ࢸ࣭ࢰࡡࡱ࡛ࡴࢅᐁ᪃ࠊ(2) ༞ᴗびῼ࡚ᚋࡼࡿ ࡒ 270MHz ᆀ୯᥀ᰕ࣭ࣝࢱࡡ⥽㞗షᴏࢅᐁ᪃ࠊ(3)㞯ểムᩩࡡ∸⌦ゆᯊ࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉ࣏ࢠࣞἴㄇ㞹⋙ࢷࣤࢮ ࣜࡡ㏻⤾゛ῼࠉ⤎ᬏ㞗ྙ⤄⧂゛ῼࠉ㹍⥲ࣄ࣭࣑ࢅ⏕࠷ࡒ㧏ฦゆ⬗ᐠᗐ゛ῼࠉこ࢛ࣤฦᯊࢅᐁ᪃ࠊ(4) ểᗃ⾪ᒒ∸⌦ࣈࣞࢬࢪ࡛ࠉ㒂࡚ࡡẴἳᙟᠺࣈࣞࢬࢪ࡞࠾࠾ࡾ⩻ᐳషᴏࢅᐁ᪃ࠊ ࣬Ὼᐄຝᯕ࢝ࢪᚗඔ࡛ᖳỬᏽ㸯ᑛ㔖ムᩩ࡞ࡻࡾ㧏⢥ᗐฦᯊࢅྊ⬗࡛ࡌࡾࡒࡴࠉᴗᆀ◂࡞࢝ࢪࢠ࣏ࣞࢹ ࢡࣚࣆࢅ㉆ථࡊࠉムᩩࡡㇿᅸᑙථࢅྊ⬗࡛ࡌࡾࡒࡴࡡᨭ㏸࡞╌ᡥࡊࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉ✭Ẵฝ⨠ࡡ⿿షࢅ㛜 ጙࡊࡒࠊẒ㍉Ⓩὰ࠷ᗐࡡࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋࢤࡡ CO2 ⃨ᗐ࡛ O2/N2 ࡡฦᯊࢅ᮶ኬᏕኬẴᾇὊንິびῼ◂✪ ࢬࣤࢰ࣭ࡡ⌟᭯シങࢅ⏕࠷࡙ᐁ᪃ࡌࡾࡒࡴࠉฝ࣬ฦᯊ⨠ࡷᡥἪࢅᩒങࡊࡒࠊ✭ẴࡡᖳỬᏽࡡ㧏⢥ ᗐࡡࡒࡴࠉࣆࣚࣤࢪểἑ⎌ሾ∸⌦◂✪ᡜᡜ᭯ࡌࡾ㧏㏷ゆᯊ⨠࡞࡙࣒ࢰ⃨ࣤᗐࢅ 1ࠤ5 ᖳ๑ࡡ 㛣࡞࠽࠷࡙⣑ 200ࠤ300 ᖳࡡ㛣ฦゆ⬗࡚ฦᯊࡊࡒࠊ ࣬ᕵ࢝ࢪฦᯊ࡞ࡻࡾᾇỀῺᚗඔ㸯ᾇỀῺᚗඔ࡞ࡢ㐛ཡࡡኬẴ୯ࡡࢠࣛࣈࢹࣤࡷ࢞ࢬࢿࣤࡡ⃨ᗐᚗඔᚪ こ࡚࠵ࡾࠊࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋểᗃࢤࡡฦᯊ࡞ࡻࡽࢠࣛࣈࢹࣤ࠽ࡻࡦ࢞ࢬࢿ⃨ࣤᗐࢅᚗඔࡌࡾࡒࡴࡡ๑ᥞ᮪௲ ࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉ⌟ᅹࡡ㞯ᒒ㸝ࣆࣜࣤ㸞࡞࠽ࡄࡾ✭Ẵᠺฦࡡ㍲㏞࣬Ίྙ࣬ฦ㞫㐛⛤ࢅḿ☔࡞▩ࡾᚪこ࠵ࡾࠊ ࡐࡡࡒࡴࠉ52 ḗ㝪࡚༞ᴗࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋ࡞࠽ࡄࡾࣆࣜࣤ✭Ẵࡡ㞗࠽ࡻࡦὰᒒࢤᤸ๎ࠉῺᗐࣈࣞࣆ ࣜῼᏽࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉ✭Ẵᠺฦ࡛ᕵ࢝ࢪࢅῼᏽ࡚ࡀࡾ㈹㔖ฦᯊ゛ࢅ㉆ථࡊㄢᩒ࡞╌ᡥࡌࡾ࡛࡛ࡵ ࡞ࠉᕵ࢝ࢪࡡᏰධฝࡡࡒࡴࡡ⨠ࢅ⤄ࡲ୕ࡅࡒࠊ ࣬Ẵು࣓ࢸࣜ࡞ࡻࡾểࢦࢠࣜࡡ࣒࢜ࢼࢫ࣑◂✪㸯ฝ∟ࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋểᗃࢤ࡛࣍ࢪࢹ࣭ࢠ ࢤࡡ O2/N2 ᖳࢅ⏕࠷࡙ࠉểᗃ࣓ࢸࣜࢅ㛏㛣✒ฦࡌࡾࡒࡴࡡථງࢸ࣭ࢰ࡛ࡾ CO2 ⃨ᗐ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉ ⌟ᅹฺ⏕࡚ࡀࡾࢸ࣭ࢰࢅࢤࣤࣂࣜࡊᩒങࡊࡒࠊ⣑ 40 ᖳ㛣ࡡểᗃࢨ࣐࣭ࣖࣝࢨࣘࣤࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࠉ༖ ⌣ࡡኚᑏࡡᙁโງࡡࡲ࡚ 10 ᖳ࿔ࡡểࢦࢠࣜⓆ⌟ࡊ࠹ࡾ࡛࠷࠹ิ⤎ᯕࢅᚋࡒࠊ10 ᖳ ࿔ࡡⓆ⌟࡞ᯕࡒࡌ㌮㐠こ⣪ࠉᆀṾንᙟࣈࣞࢬࢪࠉῺᐄຝᯕ࢝ࢪࡡᙲ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙⩻ᐳࡊࡒࠊ ࣬✽⣪࡛ࣜࢥࣤࡡྜྷనమẒ࡞ࡻࡾῺᗐᚗඔ㸯✭Ẵ࠾ࡼ㓗⣪ࢅ㝎ཡࡌࡾࡒࡴࡡฝ⨠ࡡ⿿ష࡞╌ᡥࡊ ࡒࠊNGRIP ࢤムᩩࡡ㒼ฦࢅࢸ࣏࣭ࣤࢠ୯ᚨࡡᅗ㝷ࢤࣤࢮ࣭ࢨ࣑࡞⏞ㄫࡊࠉヾྊࡈࡿࡒࠊ ࣬ࢡ࣭ࣛࣤࣚࣤࢺ NEEM ࡞ 4 ྞࡡᮇெ◂✪⩽ࢅὬ㐭ࡊࠉᒒࢤࡡᤸ๎࡛⌟ሔゆᯊ࡞ཤຊࡊࡒࠊᖲᠺ 22 ᖳᗐࡢ 2537㹢ࡱ࡚ࡡᤸ๎ࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࠉᒷ┑├୕࡞㐡ࡊࡒࠊNEEM ࢤࡡ㓗⣪ྜྷనమཀྵࡦ࢝ࢪࡡิฦ ᯊ⤎ᯕ࠾ࡼࠉᒷ┑㎾࡚ểࡡὮິ࡞ࡻࡾᒒࡡࡿ࠵ࡾࡆ࡛ࠉ᭩⤂㛣ểࡡểࡢࡿࡂಕᏋࡈࡿ࡙࠷ ࡾࡼࡊ࠷ࡆ࡛ฦ࠾ࡖࡒࠊ ࣬ᖲᠺ 21 ᖳᗐ࡞ᘤࡀ⤾ࡀࠉNEEM ࢤࡡୌ㒂ࢅ⼝ゆࡊࡒムᩩࡡ࢛ࣤฦᯊࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊ⏐ᴏ㠁௧ᚃ ࡡኬẴỗ∸㈹ࡡ⃨ᗐ࡞╌┘ࡌࡾ࡛ࠉ◪㓗࢛ࣤࡢࠉ1970 ᖳ࠾ࡼᚆࠍ࡞΅ᑛࡊ࡙࠷ࡒࠉ2010 ᖳ࡞ ࡢࠉ⏐ᴏ㠁௧๑ࡡࣝ࣊ࣜ㎾ࡂࡱ࡚΅ᑛࡊࡒࡆ࡛᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡖࡒࠊපᐐぜโࡡຝᯕࢡ࣭ࣛࣤࣚࣤࢺ ࡚㢟ⴥ࡞⌟ࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࡆ࡛᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡖࡒࠊ Ѹ 48Ѹ ― 52 ― ࣬NEEM ࡞࡙ࠉࣅࢴࢹびῼࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊࣅࢴࢹ࠾ࡼᏕฦᯊ⏕ࡡムᩩ࡛᚜⏍∸ฦᯊ⏕ࡡࢦࣤࣈࣜࢅཱི ࡊࡒࠊ ࣬ᒒࢤࠉὰᒒࢤཀྵࡦࣅࢴࢹࡡムᩩࢅᮇ࡞㍲㏞ࡊࠉムᩩࡡୌ㒂ࢅኬᏕࡡභྜྷ◂✪⩽࡞㒼ฦࡊࡒࠊ ࣬ࢤ࣋ࣤࣀ࣭ࢣ࡚ࣤ㛜തࡈࡿࡒ NEEM 㐘ႜጟဤఌ࡞ᮇ࠾ࡼ◂✪⩽ࢅὬ㐭ࡊࠉ23 ᖳᗐࡡ◂✪゛⏤ࡡ❟ ᱄࣬ㄢᩒࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ 㸱➠ᄿ⣎ᆀᙟᆀ㈹㸳 ࣬➠ 51 ḗ༞ᴗびῼ㝪࡞࠽࠷࡙ࢬ࣭ࣜ࣬ࣞࣤࢱ࣭ࢾᒜᆀ࠾ࡼཱིࡊࡒ㟚ᒷムᩩࡡᏫᏼ⥲㟚ฝᖳῼᏽἪ ࢅ⾔࠷ࠉྜྷᒜᆀểᗃ࠾ࡼ㛜ᨲࡈࡿࡒᖳೋࢅ᥆ᏽࡊࡒࠊࡐࡡ⤎ᯕࠉ㐛ཡᩐⓊᖳ㛣࡞࠽࠷࡙ࢬ࣭ࣜ࣬ ࣞࣤࢱ࣭ࢾᒜᆀ࡞࠽ࡄࡾểᗃ㧏ᗐ⣑ 700 m ୖࡊࡒࡆ࡛᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡖࡒࠊ ࣬ࣛࣖࢵ࢚࣑࣬࣌ࣜ࠽ࡻࡦࢢ࣭ࣈࢱ࣭ࣤࣝ࿔㎮ࡡኬ㝛Წ࡞࠽࠷࡙࣏ࣜࢲࢻ࣭ࣞࣄ࣭࣑ࠉᆀᒒ᥀ᰕࢅ⾔ ࠷ࠉኬ㝛Წ୕࡞࠽ࡄࡾ᭩⤂ểࡡ᮶༞ᴗểᗃንິྍࢅ㆗ㄵࡌࡾࡒࡴࡡᇱ♇ࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ㞗ࡊࡒࠊ ࣬ᾇᗇᇼ✒∸ࡡཿᆀ☚Ẵᙁᗐ࡛ Be-10 ࣆࣚࢴࢠࢪንິ࠾ࡼịࡴࡒཿᆀ☚Ẵ Lock-in depth ࡞ᇱࡘࡀࠉᾇὊ ᗇࢤ࠾ࡼᚋࡼࡿࡾᇼ✒∸☚ሔንິࢅエ㘋ࡌࡾࣈࣞࢬࢪ࡞ᙫ㡢ࡌࡾࣞࢴࢠࣤ㛭ᩐࢅぜᏽࡌࡾࡒࡴ ࡡ࣓ࢸࣜ㛜Ⓠࢅ⾔࠷ࠉᾇᗇᇼ✒∸࡞࠽ࡄࡾཿᆀ☚Ẵエ㘋ࡡ⋋ᚋᶭᵋ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙᳠ゞࡊࡒࠊࡐࡡ⤎ᯕࠉᚉᮮ ᏽࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡒᾇᗇᇼ✒∸ࡡᅸᐠ࣬⬲Ề࡞ࡻࡾཿᆀ☚Ẵエ㘋ࡡ⋋ᚋᶭᵋ࡚ࡢᅂ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡖࡒ⣑ 15 cm ࡡ Lock-in depth ࢅㄕ᪺࡚ࡀ࠷ࡆ࡛᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡖࡒࠊ ࣬KH10-7 ⯗ᾇ࡞⯢ࡊࠉ༞ኬὊࣤࢺὊ༇㸝Del Cano Rise, Conrad Rise, Lutzow Holm Bay 㸞࡞࡙ᇼ✒∸ ࢤࢅཱིᚋࡊࡒࠊࡱࡒ㸡ࢤࣤࣚࢴࢺᾇྋ࡞࠽࠷࡙ཬᑏἪᆀ㟀᥀ᰕ࡛ࢨ࣭ࣄ࣭࣑࡞ࡻࡾᆀᙟㄢᰕࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࠉ びῼࡊࡒࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ⏕࠷࡙ࢤࣤࣚࢴࢺᾇྋ୕࡞ฦᕱࡌࡾ sediment wave ࡡฦᕱࡷᙟឺࢅฦᯊࡊࠉᇼ✒⎌ሾ ࡡ᥆ᏽࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊࡐࡡ⤎ᯕ㸡ࢤࣤࣚࢴࢺᾇྋ࡚ࡢ 2 ᗐࡡኬࡀᇼ✒⎌ሾࡡን㉫ࡆࡖࡒࡆ࡛᪺ࡼ࠾ ࡞ࡖࡒࠊ ࣬ࣛࣖࢵ࢚࣑࣬࣌ࣜ࿔㎮ࡡཬᑏἪᆀ㟀᥀ᰕࢸ࣭ࢰࢅථᡥࡊࠉన⨠ሒࢅᢜࡀฝࡊ࡙ῼ⥲ᅒࢅషᠺࡊࡒࠊ ࡱࡒ㸡ᆀ㟀᥀ᰕ᩷㟻ࡡゆᯊฌ⌦ࢅ⾔࠷ࠉゆ㔐షᴏࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ ࣬ࢪ࢜ࣜࣇࢪࢾࢪ࣬ࡀࡉࡢࡊὶ࡞࠽ࡄࡾᏰ᩺ୠᾇỀ‵ንິࡡᆀᙟᏕⓏチᣈ࠽ࡻࡦㇽ▴ࡡᖳ࡛㸡ࢡࣝ ࢨࣔࣜࢮࢪࢰࢨ࣭ࡡ࣓ࢸࣛࣤࢡ࡛ࡡẒ㍉࡞ᇱࡘ࠷࡙ࠉᏰ᩺ୠ୯࡞࠽ࡄࡾ᮶༞ᴗểᗃࡡ᛬⃥ể ᗃ⼝ゆ්࡛ᣉኬࡡ࠽ࡻࡦ㛣࡛ࡐࡡ✭㛣Ⓩฦᕱࢅᏽ㔖Ⓩ࡞ぜᏽࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡞ᠺຉࡊࡒࠊ ࣬ኬ㝛Წᗐ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙㸯༞ᴗኬ㝛⦍㎮㒂ࡡኬ㝛Წᗐ࡛༞ᴗểᗃንິ࡛ࡡ㛭౿ࢅᏽ㔖Ⓩ࡞ず✒ࡵࡾࡒࡴ ࡡ⢋ᙆᛮᆀ⌣ንᙟ࣓ࢸࣜࢅ㛜Ⓠࡊ㸡⌟ᅹࡡኬ㝛Წᗐࡡኬ㝛⦍㎮㒂ࡻࡽⴥࡊࡂࡂࡾཋᅄ࡛ࡊ࡙㸡 ⌟ᅹࡡểᗃฦᕱࡡࡲࡼࡍ㸡᭩⤂ể࡞࠽ࡄࡾểᗃฦᕱ࡛ࡵ㛭౿࠵ࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ♟ࡊࡒ㸣 ࣬ࢬ࣭ࣜ࣬ࣞࣤࢱ࣭ࢾᒜᆀ࡞࠽ࡄࡾᏫᏼ⥲↯ᑏᰶ⛸ࢅ⏕࠷ࡒᖳࡻࡽ᥆ᏽࡈࡿࡾ㸡᩺⏍ࡡểᗃ㧏ᗐን ࡛Ẓ㍉ࡌࡾࡒࡴࡡ༞ᴗểᗃንິ࣓ࢸࣜࡡషᠺࢅ⾔࠷㸡᩺⏍࡞࠽ࡄࡾࢡ࣭ࣞࣁࣜểᗃ㔖┞ᙔᾇ㟻ን ࡞ᑊࡌࡾ᮶༞ᴗểᗃࡡᐞ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙᳠ゞࡊࡒ㸣 ࣬ࢰࣃࢲࡡ IODP ࢤ࠾ࡼᚋࡼࡿࡒ᭩⤂ể௧㜾ࡡᾇỀ‵ንິ࡛ࣀࢺࣞࢮࢪࢰࢨ࣭ࡡ࣓ࢸࣛࣤࢡ ࢅẒ㍉ࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࠉMWP-1a ࣊ࣤࢹࡡḿ☔㛜ጙࠉ㛣ࠉểᗃ⼝ゆ㔖ࢅᏽ㔖Ⓩ࡞ビ౮ࡊࡒࠊ ࣬ࣤࢺけᓃࢡࢩ࣭ࣔࣚࢹᕗἚᓃᇡࡡᏰ᩺ୠᾇỀ‵ንິࢅࠉࣀࢺࣞࢮࢪࢰࢨ࣭ࡡ࣓ࢸࣛࣤࢡࡻࡽ ᩐೋⓏ࡞්⌟ࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡚リ⣵ཿᆀ⌦ን㐼ࢅᚗඔࡊࠉᏰ᩺ୠ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ༞ᴗểᗃ⼝ゆ࡛ࣤࢱࢪᩝ᪺┊⾮ ࡛ࡡ㛭౿ࢅ⩻ᐳࡊࡒࠊ Ѹ 49Ѹ ― 53 ― 2㸞ࣈࣞࢩ࢘ࢠࢹ◂✪ KP-2㸣 ୯ᮟ༜ྒྷ ◂✪ㄚ㢗 ᴗᇡ୯ᒒ࣬㉰㧏ᒒኬẴࡡንິ࡛⤎ྙ㐛⛤ࡡ◂✪ ◂✪㛣 ᖲᠺ 22ࠤ27 ᖳᗐ ᡜහභྜྷ◂✪⩽ ᒜහ ᡜአභྜྷ◂✪⩽ けᮟ⪌ྒྷࠉ㕝ᮄ⮟ࠉఫ⸠ ཋ ெᩐ 22 ெ ⤊㈕ 3,135 ༐ළ ࠉᒜᓃ㞕ࠉ⾔ᮿ ᙪࠉላ 㞖ᇱࠉෞᕖႌᘧࠉỜᑶ ┤ࠉ㕝ᮄ⚵ᙢ ⷽࠉఫ⸠ࠉ㰲⡚์ࠉ㜷ಕ┷ࠉᰐ⏛ὀ㑝ࠉᕖཋ⌮ஒࠉ ྒྷࠉᆊ㔕ࠉỀ㔕ீࠉ⏛ཾ┷ࠉ㛏ὶᬓ⏍ࠉῳ㎮┷྿ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ༞ᴗ୕✭ࡡኬẴࡢ࢜ࢰࣁ㢴ࡷࠉ࢛ࢯ࣭ࣤ࣌ࣜࠉእක㞴ࠉ࢛࣭ࣞࣚࢅጙࡴࠉ㢟ⴥ࡚≁␏ኬẴ⌟㇗ ኣࡂずࡼࡿࡾ㡷ᇡ࡚ࡵ࠵ࡾࡣ࠾ࡽ࡚ࡂࠉெ㛣Ὡິ࠾ࡼ㝰⤧ࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࡒࡴ࡞ࢿࢫᑚࡈࡂࠉᆀ⌣ Ẵುࡡ࣓ࢼࢰࣛࣤࢡ࡞㐲ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾ࡛࠷࠹≁ᚡ࠵ࡾࠊຊ࠻࡙ࠉᴗᇡ୯ᒒ࣬㉰㧏ᒒኬẴࡢࠉୖᒒ࠾ࡼࡡ ἴິఎ᧓࡛୕ᒒ࣬Ꮻᏼ✭㛣࠾ࡼࡡኯ㝟Ὡິࡡᙫ㡢ࡷ⢇Ꮔ㜾ࡽࡆࡲ࡞ఔ࠹ኬẴࡡ୕ୖ⤎ྙᮇ㈹Ⓩ࡞㔔 こ㡷ᇡ࡚ࡵ࠵ࡾࠊᇱᆀ࡚ࡡびῼࡢࡆࡿࡼࡡ◂✪࡞㔔こࢸ࣭ࢰࢅᥞ౩ࡌࡾࠊᮇ◂✪࡚ࡢࠉ༞ᴗ びῼ➠Ⅶࡱ࡚࡞ᇱᆀཱི࡚ᚋࡈࡿࡒ㸝࠵ࡾ࠷ࡢ➠Ⅷࡵ⤽⤾ࡊཱི࡙ᚋࡈࡿࡾ㸞MF ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࠉOH ኬẴක࣒࣭ࢩࣔࠉHF ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭➴ࡡࢸ࣭ࢰ࡞ࠉ➠Ⅷ࡚᩺ࡒ࡞びῼࢅ㛜ጙࡌࡾኬᆵኬẴ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ 㸝PANSY㸞ࠉ࣭ࣝࣛ࣬භ㫾ᩋࣚࢱ࣭ࠉ࣐ࣛἴฦක゛ࡡࢸ࣭ࢰࠉ࠽ࡻࡦ⢥ᐠᩐೋ࣓ࢸࣜࡵ⤄ࡲ ྙࢂࡎ࡙ࠉᴗᇡኬẴࡡንິ࡛ࣝࢪ࣎ࣤࢪࢅ⢥ᰕࡊࠉᆀ⌣⎌ሾንࢅᨼវ࡞ཬ᫆ࡌࡾ༞ᴗ୯ᒒ࣬㉰㧏ᒒ ኬẴࡡᅖ᭯ࡡ㞴ࡷῸ࣬ἴິࡡ∸⌦ࢅᏽ㔖Ⓩ࡞ビ౮ࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡚ᆀ⌣Ὼᬦ࡞㛭㏻ࡌࡾࣈࣞࢬࢪࡡᙲ ࢅ᪺☔ࡊࡐࡡᐁឺゆ᪺࡞㏍ࡾ◂✪ࢅ⾔࠹ࠊᖲᠺ 22 ᖳᗐᮆ࡞ࡢ༞ᴗᇱᆀ࡚ࡡኬᆵኬẴ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࠉ ࣭ࣝࣛࣚࢱ࣭ࠉ࣐ࣛἴฦක゛ࡡิびῼ㛜ጙࡈࡿࡾࡆ࡛࠾ࡼࠉࡐࡡࢸ࣭ࢰゆᯊ࡛ᅗහ࡚ࡡ‵ങ࣬ ム㥺びῼࢅᖲᠺ 22 ᖳᗐ୯࡞ᐁ᪃ࡌࡾࠊ ◂✪⤊㐛࡛ᠺᯕ ࣬༞༖⌣୯㧏⦃ᗐᇡࡡ࢛ࢯࣤࢯࣤࢸࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ⏕࠷࡙ࠉᑊὮᅥ⏲㟻├୕࡞⌟ࡿࡾẴῺ㏣㌷ᒒࡡᙟᠺ࣒࢜ࢼ ࢫ࣑ࠉ࠽ࡻࡦᑊὮᅥ⏲㟻Ίྙᒒ࡛ࡡ㛭౿࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ㄢࠉㄵᩝ 1 ⠅ࢅฝ∟ࡊࡒࠊ ࣬㐛ཡ 30 ᖳ㛣ࡡධ⌣ᐂびゆᯊࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ⏕࠷࡙Ꮢᴗᠺᒒᅥ࡚Ⓠ⏍ࡌࡾ✲↓᪴Ὼ⌟㇗ࡡᅂᚗ࣒࢜ࢼࢫ ࣑࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ㄢࡒࠊንᙟ࢛࣭ࣚᖲᆍ᪁⛤ᘟ⣌ࢅ⏕࠷ࡒྙᠺᅒゆᯊࡡ⤎ᯕࠉ▯ᅂᚗᆵࡡ✲↓᪴Ὼ࡞ ᑊὮᅥ࠾ࡼఎ᧓ࡊ࡙ࡀࡒࣈࣚࢾࢰࣛἴࡡ㐛ཬᑏᠺᒒᅥᴗῸࡡᅂᚗ࡞ᐞࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ♟ြࡌࡾ ⤎ᯕᚋࡼࡿࡒࠊ୕エࡡ⤎ᯕࢅࡱ࡛ࡴࡒㄵᩝ 1 ⠅ࢅฝ∟ࡊࡒࠊ ࣬ኬᆵኬẴ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭࡞ࡻࡾ࣒࣭ࢩࣤࢡびῼࢅா㒌ኬᏕಘᴞ MU びῼᡜ࡞࠽࠷࡙ 6 ࡛᭮ 11 ᭮࡞ᐁ᪃ࡊࠉ 6 ᭮࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡢࣚࢩ࢛ࢯࣤࢸ࡞ࡻࡾྜྷびῼࡵ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ๑ᖳᗐࡱ࡚ࡡࢸ࣭ࢰ࡛ెࡎࠉ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࢸ࣭ࢰࡡ ࣒࣭ࢩࣤࢡฌ⌦ࢅ⾔࠷ࠉᚋࡼࡿࡒኬẴὮฦᕱ࡛ࣚࢩ࢛ࢯࣤࢸびῼ࠾ࡼᚋࡼࡿࡾኬẴᏭᏽᗐ࡛ࡡ㛭౿ ࢅㄢ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ ࣬ா㒌ኬᏕಘᴞ MU びῼᡜ࡞シ⨠ࡈࡿࡒ༞ᴗᇱᆀኬᆵኬẴ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ᅗහ᳠チ⏕ࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࢅ⏕࠷࡙ム 㥺びῼࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࠉᑊὮᅥࡡὮᩋ࢙ࢤ࣭ࠉ࠽ࡻࡦ୯㛣ᅥࡡὮ࢙᫅ࢤ࣭ḿᖏ࡞ུಘࡈࡿࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ☔ヾ ࡊࡒࠊ Ѹ 50Ѹ ― 54 ― ࣭࣬ࣝࣛࣚࢱ࣭ࡡུಘ⣌ࠉ࠽ࡻࡦ⮤ິびῼࢮࣆࢹࡡ㛜Ⓠࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊུಘ⣌ࡡฦකකᏕ⣌ࡢࠉ㒂ဗ ኣࡂࠉシ゛々㞟࡚ࠉ⤄ࡲ❟࡙ࡷ࣒ࣚࣤࢹషᴏ࡞㛣࠾࠾ࡾࡆ࡛ၡ㢗࡚࠵ࡖࡒࠉ㒂ဗࢅ ࣗࢼࢴࢹࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࠉシ⨠࣬ㄢᩒషᴏࡡ⠾᪾ࢅᅒࡖࡒࠊࡆࡿ࡞ࡻࡽࠉ⌟ᆀ࡚ࡡ⤄ࡲ❟࡙షᴏ㛣 ࡢኬᖕ࡞▯⦨ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ฝᮮࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉびῼࢮࣆࢹ࡛ࡊ࡙ࡢࠉ࣭ࣝࢧ࣭ࡡ❟ࡔ୕ࡅࠉびῼࠉࢸ࣭ࢰࡡ ಕᏋࠉ࣭ࣝࢧ࣭ࡡ❟ࡔୖࡅ➴ࠉびῼ࡞ࡱࡗࢂࡾୌ㏻ࡡషᴏࢅࠉࢪࢢࢩ࣭ࣖࣜࣆࣜ࡞ᇱࡘ࠷࡙ PC ࡚ โᚒࡌࡾࣈࣞࢡ࣑ࣚࢅ㛜Ⓠࡊࠉびῼࡡ⮤ິࡊࡒࠊࡆࡡ࣭ࣝࣛࣚࢱ࣭ࡢࠉ➠ 52 ḗ༞ᴗᆀᇡびῼ㝪 ࡞ࡻࡖ࡙ᇱᆀ࡞シ⨠ࡈࡿࠉ⌟ᅹࠉ᭩ᑚ㝀ࡡ࣏ࣤࣂ࣭࡚࣠びῼ⾔ࢂࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ ࣬2 ᭮࠾ࡼびῼጙࡱࡖࡒ࣭ࣝࣛࣚࢱ࣭࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉࢸ࣭ࢰゆᯊࣈࣞࢡ࣑ࣚࡡ㛜Ⓠࡵ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ⌟ᅹࡱ ࡚࡞ࠉࢠࢴࢠࣜࢴࢠࡷ PMC ฝྊ⬗࡞ࡖ࡙࠽ࡽࠉᘤࡀ⤾ࡀῺᗐゆᯊ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡵࣈࣞࢡ࣑ࣚ ࡡ㛜Ⓠࢅ㐅ࡴ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ ࣬㤫㒌ኬᏕ᮶ா࡛ࡡභྜྷ◂✪࡚ࠉභ㫾ᩋࣚࢱ࣭ࡡ㏞ಘ࣭ࣝࢧ࣭࡚࠵ࡾࠉࣝ࢞ࢦࣤࢺࣚࢹ࣭ࣝ ࢧ࣭ࡡ㛜Ⓠ࣬ᐁ㥺ࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊࡆࡿ࡞ࡻࡽࠉ࣭ࣝࢧ࣭ࡡฝງࡷ࿔ἴᩐ㸝โᚒࡡࡊ᪾ࡈ㸞➴࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉࣝ ࣭ࢧ࣭ࣞࢴࢺࡡῺᗐࡷභᣲჹහࡡකᏕ㒂ဗ࡞ᑊࡌࡾ౪Ꮛᛮ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡖࡒࠊ⌟ᅹࠉࡻࡽ┤ࢪ࣭࣋ࢪ ࡚࠷᪾࠷࣭ࣝࢧ࣭࡞ࡌࡾࡒࡴࡡᨭⰃࢅ㐅ࡴ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ ࣬㛜Ⓠ୯ࡡභ㫾ᩋࣚࢱ࣭࡞ࡻࡾびῼ࡚ࡢࠉࡻࡽḿ☔Ὼᗐびῼࢅᐁ⌟ࡌࡾࡒࡴ࡞ࠉ㏞ಘ࣭ࣝࢧ࣭ ࡡ࿔ἴᩐᰧḿ࡛びῼࢅྜྷ࡞⾔࠻ࡾᡥἪ㸝3 ࿔ἴἪ㸞ࢅ⏕ࡌࡾᏽ࡚࠵ࡾࠊࡆࡡᡥἪ࡚ࡡ⌦ㄵⓏび ῼ⢥ᗐࢅ᳠チࡊࠉ᭩㐲びῼ࿔ἴᩐࡡ᳠ゞࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊᚃࠉᐁ㝷ࡡ࣭ࣝࢧ࣭ฝງ➴ࢅ⩻៎ࡊࡒࠉࡻࡽ⌟ ᐁⓏ᳠ゞࢅ⾔࠹ᏽ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ ࣬2000-2002 ᖳ࡞༞ᴗᇱᆀཱི࡚ᚋࡈࡿࡒࢻࢹ࣑ࣛࣚࢱ࣭びῼࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ්ゆᯊࡊࠉ࢛࣭ࣞࣚὩິ ࡞ఔ࠹㔘ᒌཋᏄᒒࡡᐠᗐࡷῺᗐࡡንິࢅㄢ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡆࡿࡱ࡚ࠉ࢛࣭ࣞࣚὩິ࡞ఔ࠹୯ᛮኬẴຊ⇍࡞ ࡗ࠷࡙ࡢࠉ⌦ㄵⓏ࡞ࡢྊ⬗ᛮ♟ြࡈࡿࡾࡵࠉ├Ⓩびῼ⤎ᯕሒ࿈ࡈࡿ࡙࠷࠾ࡖࡒࠊ༞ᴗ࡚ࡡ ࣚࢱ࣭びῼࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ࢛࣒࣭ࣛࢰࡡྜྷびῼࢸ࣭ࢰ࡛࠵ࢂࡎ්࡙ㄢᰕࡊࡒ⤎ᯕࠉ㞹㞫ᒒ E ᒒ㧏ᗐࡱ࡚ 㐡ࡌࡾࡻ࠹࢛࣭ࣞࣚ⢇Ꮔࡡᙁ࠷㜾ࡽ㎰ࡲ࡛ࠉ㧏㧏ᗐ㸝>115 km㸞ࡡ୯ᛮኬẴῺᗐࡡ୕᪴ྜྷࡊࡒ ࣊ࣤࢹずࡗ࠾ࡖࡒࠊ⌟ᅹࠉྜྷᵕࡡ࣊ࣤࢹࡡ᥀⣬ࢅ㐅ࡴࡾ࡛භ࡞ࠉ୦⩽ࡡᅄᯕ㛭౿ࡡ᭯↋ࢅㄢ ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ ࣬ᾇ㐠࡚ࡡ㧏㧏ᗐẴ⌣びῼࢅ 5 ᭮࡞ᏽࡊ࡙࠷ࡒࠉῼჹࡡරྙ➴࡞ࡻࡽᘇࡊࠉ9 ᭮࡞ᨭࡴ࡙ᐁ ᪃ࡊࡒࠊ࢛ࢯࣤࢯࣤࢸࢅ⏕࠷ࡒびῼ࡞ࡻࡽࠉ㧏ᗐ⣑ 47km ࡱ࡚ࡡ࢛ࢯࣤࠉẴῺࠉỀᖲ㢴㏷ࡡ㧏㕼├ฦゆ ⬗ࢸ࣭ࢰࢅཱིᚋࡊࠉ⌟ᅹゆᯊࢅ㐅ࡴ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡱࡒࠉᙔิᏽࡊ࡙࠷ࡒᅗ㝷Ꮻᏼࢪࢷ࣭ࢨࣘࣤᦒ㍍ῼჹ ࠔSMILESࠕ࡛ࡡྜྷびῼࡢࠉ4 ᭮࡞ SMILES びῼࢅೳḾࡊࡒࡒࡴ࡞᩷ᛍࡊࡒࠊ ⏛ KP-3㸣 ㄌ ◂✪ㄚ㢗 ᴗᇡୖᒒኬẴ୯ࡡ∸㈹ᚘ⎌ࡡ⌟≟࡛ᚃ ◂✪㛣 ᖲᠺ 22ࠤ27 ᖳᗐ ᡜහභྜྷ◂✪⩽ ᒜහ ࠉᮇ┷ྒྷࠉᖲἉᑠᙢࠉ⯢ᮄᐹࠉෞᕖႌᘧ ᡜአභྜྷ◂✪⩽ 㟯ᮄ࿔ྒྷࠉ୯⃕㧏ΰࠉⳚཋ ᨼࠉᮇ⏛⚵ࠉ㟯ᒜ᭰ᶖࠉὰ㔕 Ẓࠉⳝᆀ ḿࠉ ཿ㈙⪯ࠉᑚけၤࠉཋᅽୌ㑳ࠉ㐗㤷ⰶ㞕ࠉஞ⏛㈏㞕ࠉ▴ᆊ㞖ࠉᯐ ᨳᙢࠉ ⏷୯㞖ᙢࠉ⸠ྚᗛᚷ ெᩐ 22 ெ ⤊㈕ 3,360 ༐ළ Ѹ 51Ѹ ― 55 ― ◂✪┘Ⓩ ༞ᴗびῼ➠ VII ࡚⾔ࡖࡒびῼࢅࡈࡼ࡞㐅ࡴࡾࡒࡴࡡᅗහ◂✪࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉࡱࡒ༞ᴗびῼ➠ VIII ࡡࣈ ࣞࢩ࢘ࢠࢹびῼࢅ㐅ࡴࡾࡒࡴࡡᅗහ‵ങ◂✪࡛ࡊ࡙ࡆࡡᡜහࣈࣞࢩ࢘ࢠࢹ◂✪ࢅᥞ᱄ࡊࡒࠊ රమⓏ࡞ࡢ㸯 ࣬➠ VII ༞ᴗびῼࣈࣞࢩ࢘ࢠࢹࡡᚃ༖㸝2009.3 ᖉᅗ௧㜾㸯49 ࠉ50ࠉ51㸞࡞ᚋࡼࡿࡒࢸ࣭ࢰࡡゆᯊ ࡷ⏕ࡊࡒᶭჹ㢦ࡡ᳠ᏽࠉࢸ࣭ࢰゆᯊ࡞ᚪこ࠵ࡿࡣࠉ᭞ࡾࢸ࣭ࢰࡡཱིᚋ➴ࢅ⾔࠹ࠊ ࣬➠ VII ࡚⾔ࡖࡒびῼᐁឺࢅ㊻ࡱ࠻࡙ࠉ➠ VIII ༞ᴗびῼ࡚゛⏤ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾㄚ㢗ࡡ‵ങࢅᅗහ࡚㐅ࡴ ࡾࠊ ୕エ 2 Ⅴࢅ⩻៎ࡊ࡙ࠉ௧ୖࡡ 3 ࡗࡡᑚㄚ㢗࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉࡐࡿࡑࡿࡡ◂✪ࢅ㐅ࡴ࡙࠷ࡂ┘Ⓩ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ 1.᩺ࡊ࠷ฦᯊᶭჹࢅ⏕࠷ࡒୖᒒኬẴ୯ࡡ◪ࢩ࣒ࢲࣜࠉ࢙ࣞࢯࣜࡡᵕឺ◂✪ 2.ᑚᆵᅂẴ⌣ࢅ⏕࠷ࡒ༞ᴗᇡᠺᒒᅥࡡῺᐄຝᯕẴమࡡንິ◂✪ 3.㧏⢥ᗐࡡỀࡡびῼ࡛ᩐೋ࣓ࢸࣜࢅฺ⏕ࡊࡒ༞ᴗểᗃᇡᑊὮᅥࡡỀᚘ⎌◂✪ ◂✪⤊㐛࡛ᠺᯕ 㸦㸣᩺ࡊ࠷ฦᯊᶭჹࢅ⏕࠷ࡒୖᒒኬẴ୯ࡡ◪ࢩ࣒ࢲࣜࠉ࢙ࣞࢯࣜࡡᵕឺ◂✪ ◂✪⤊㐛㸯49ḗ㉲㝪ᇱᆀ࡚㐘⏕ࡊࡒࣂ࣭ࢷࢠࣜࢻࣚࢧ࣭ࢅシ⨠ࡊࠉ࣒ࣤࢷࢻࣤࢪࢅ⾔ࡖ ࡒࠊ࣒ࣤࢷࢻࣤࢪ⤂ᚃࠉ࠷ࡂࡗ࠾ࡡムᩩࡡฦᯊࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ࡛ࡊ࡙භྜྷ◂✪⩽ࡡᒜཾ᮶ா⌦⛁ኬࡡὰ 㔕ࡈࢆࠉⳝᆀࡈࢆฺ⏕ࡊࡒࠊ࣒ࣤࢷࢻࣤࢪࡢᶭჹ࣒࣭࣭࢜ࡡᇷሔ⿿షᡜ࡞౪㢏ࡊࡒࠊ 49ḗࡡᾇ㮒୷ࠉ50ḗࡡࡊࡼࡎ࡞ᦒ㍍ࡊ࡙びῼࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࣈࣞࢹࣤ⛛ິཬᚺ㈹㔖ฦᯊ゛(PTR-MS)ࢅシ⨠ࡊࠉ ࣒ࣤࢷࢻࣤࢪࢅ࠽ࡆࡖࡒࠊ࣒ࣤࢷࢻࣤࢪ⤂ᚃᶭჹࡡㄢᩒィ⦆ࢅ࠽ࡆࡖࡒࠊࡱࡒࡐࡡᚃ㍉ḿ⏕ ࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ㘋ࡊࡒࠊᅗහࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ㘋ࡌࡾࡒࡴࡡ‵ങ࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉአẴཱིࡽ㎰ࡲ⏕✨ࠉ█ೳࡡࣁࢴࢠࢴ ࣈࡡࡒࡴࡡUPSࢅ‵ങࡊࡒࠊ㏻⤾ࢸ࣭ࢰࡡཱིᚋࢅጙࡴࡾᏽ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ⌟ᅹೳ㞹➴ࡡ㛭౿ࡵ࠵ࡽࠉࢸ࣭ࢰ ࡡཱིᚋࡢጙࡱࡖ࡙࠷࠷ࠊࡆࡡᶭჹࡢ⏛ᢰᙔࡊࠉ࣒ࣤࢷࢻࣤࢪ࡛ィ⦆ࡢཪࣈࣚࣤࢹ࡞౪㢏ࡊࡒࠊ 49ḗᾇ㮒୷࡚ࡡびῼሒ࿈ࢅࠉ୕エ㍉ḿࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ⩻៎ࡊࠉ༞ᴗ㈠ᩩ࡞ᢖ✇ࡊࡒࠊ ◂✪ᠺᯕ㸯➠50ḗኚࡡ༞ᴗびῼ㝪࡛ྜྷ࡞ᾇ㮒୷࡞PTR-MSࢅᦒ㍍ࡊ࡙◪ࢩ࣒ࢲࣜ㸝DMS㸞ࡡ㏻⤾ びῼࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊࡆࡡ࡛ࡀࡡࢸ࣭ࢰࢅずࡾ࡛ࠉ㏳ᖏࡡ༞ኬὊ࡚ࡢDMS⃨ᗐࡢ㟸ᖏ࡞ᑚࡈࡂࠉPTR-MSࡡ ῼᏽ㝀⏲௧ୖ࡚࠵ࡖࡒࠉᾇể⦍ᇡࠉ≁࡞ࢢ࣭ࣈࢱ࣭ࣤࣝἀ࡚ࡢࠉ8ppbࢅ㉲࠻ࡾDMS⃨ᗐᾇ㮒୷ࡡ⯼ ᶣࡡ୕࡞シ⨠ࡊࡒኬẴཱིථཾ࠾ࡼཱིࡊࡒ✭Ẵ࠾ࡼびῼࡈࡿࡒࠊࡱࡒࡆࡿ࡞Ẓࡾ࡛࠷ࠉᇱᆀ ἀࡡể⦍ᇡ࡚ࡵ2ppbࢅ㉲࠻ࡾೋびῼࡈࡿ࡙࠽ࡽࠉᾇể⦍ᇡ࡚ࡢDMS⃨ᗐ㧏࠷ࡆ࡛♟ြࡈࡿࡒࠊኬ Ẵ୯࡚ῼᏽࡈࡿࡒ㧏⃨ᗐࡡ㡷ᇡ࡚ࡢࠉᾇὊ⾪㟻ࡡᾇỀ࠾ࡼᚋࡼࡿࡒDMS⃨ᗐࡡೋྜྷᵕ࡞㧏࠷ࡆ࡛♟ ࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ ୌ᪁ࠉᾇ࠾ࡼኬẴࡡDMSࡡ౩⤝ࢅㄢࡾびῼ࡛ࡊ࡙⣑1.5m㧏ᗐࠉ3m㧏ᗐࡡ2Ⅴࡡྜྷῼᏽࠉ࠽ࡻ ࡦࡐࡡῼᏽࡡ├๑࡞⾔ࢂࡿࡒ⣑15m㧏ᗐࡡ㏳ᖏびῼࡡೋࢅẒ㍉ࡊࡒࠊࡆࡡびῼࡢ4ᅂᐁ᪃ࡈࡿࡒࠉ࠷ࡍ ࡿࡵ࠷㧏ᗐࡡೋࡢ㧏࠷㧏ᗐࡡೋ࡞Ẓ࡙㧏࠷ῼᏽೋࢅ♟ࡊࡒࠊ1ࡗࡡྊ⬗ᛮ࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉୖᒒ࡚DMS Ꮥཬᚺ࡞ࡻࡖ࡙ืࡡ∸㈹࡞ንࡊ࡙࠷ࡾ⩻࠻ࡼࡿࡾࠊ ᒜཾ᮶ா⌦⛁ኬࡡᒁ୕ཱི࡚ࡊࡒ࢙ࣞࢯࣜ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉࣂ࣭ࢷࢠࣜࢻࣚࢧ࣭ࢅ⏕࠷࡙ฦᯊࢅ⾔ࡖ ࡒࠊῼᏽᑊ㇗ඔ⣪ࡢᅰቫ㉫″ࠉᾇሲ㉫″࠽ࡻࡦெⅥ㉫″ࢅ⩻៎ࡊࠉCࠉNaࠉMgࠉAlࠉSiࠉSࠉClࠉBrࠉ CaࠉFeࠉCuࠉZn࠽ࡻࡦV࡛ࡊࡒࠊᮇἪ࡞ࡻࡽ⢇Ꮔ≟∸㈹࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ฦᯊࢅ⾔ࡖࡒ⤎ᯕࠉNaࠉMgࠉCaࡢ⢇ Ꮔ࢜ࣤࢹᩐ㟸ᖏ࡞ኣࡂࠉムᩩࡡཱི࣎ࣤࢹᾇᓃ࡞㎾࠷ࡆ࡛ࡵ࠵ࡽᾇሲ⏜ᮮࡡ⢇Ꮔࢅኣࡂྱࢆ࡚ Ѹ 52Ѹ ― 56 ― ࠷ࡒࠊSiࠉAlࠉFeࡡ⢇Ꮔᩐࡵኣࡂࠉࡆࡿࡼࡢ࡞ᅰቫ㉫″࡛⩻࠻ࡼࡿࡾࠊࡱࡒࠉCࡵẒ㍉Ⓩኣࡂ᳠ ฝࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࡆ࡛࠾ࡼࠉᾇሲ⏜ᮮࡡ⅛㓗ሲࡷ⇖↕㐛⛤࡚⏍ࡋࡒࢪࢪ➴࡞⏜ᮮࡌࡾࡵࡡ࡛᥆ῼࡈࡿࡾࠊࡱ ࡒࠉ2᭮࡞ཱིࡊࡒムᩩฦᯊ⤎ᯕࡢࠉࡡ㛣࡛Ẓ㍉ࡊ࡙⢇Ꮔᩐ2ࠤ3ಶ⛤ᗐ࡛ኣࡂࡖ࡙࠽ࡽࠉ㯜▹ 㣍ᮮࡊࡒ࡛ሒ࿈ࡡ࠵ࡖࡒ㛣࡛ୌ⮬ࡊ࡙࠷ࡒࠊᚃࡵᏽⓏ࡞ムᩩཱིࠉฦᯊࢅ⾔࠷ࠉᖳ㛣࡞࠽ࡄࡾ ⢇Ꮔ≟∸㈹ࡡᅗහንິࢅ㏛㊟ࡊࡒ࠷࡛⩻࠻࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡈࡼ࡞リ⣵࡞ࢸ࣭ࢰࢅゆᯊࡊࠉᇱᆀ࡚ᚋࡼࡿࡒ ࢸ࣭ࢰ࡛Ẓ㍉᳠ゞࢅ⾔࠹ᏽ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ 㸧㸣ᑚᆵᅂẴ⌣ࢅ⏕࠷ࡒ༞ᴗᇡᠺᒒᅥࡡῺᐄຝᯕẴమࡡንິ◂✪ ኬᶖ⏣ኣ┘Ⓩ⯗✭පᅧ࡚ᐁ᪃ࡈࡿࡒISAS/JAXAࡡኬẴ⌣ᐁ㥺࡞ཤຊࡊࠉ᩺ࡒ࡞㛜Ⓠࡊࡒࢷ࣒࣭ࣝࢰུ ಘࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࡡິషム㥺࡛ࠉᐁ㝷࡞ᠺᒒᅥ㣍⩟୯ࡡびῼ⨠࠾ࡼ㏞ಘࡈࡿࡾࢷ࣒࣭ࣝࢰࢸ࣭ࢰࡡུಘム 㥺࣬វᗐム㥺ࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊࡐࡿࡑࡿᡜࡡ┘Ⓩࢅ㐡ᠺࡊࠉᇱᆀᐁ㥺࡚⏕ࡌࡾུಘࢨࢪࢷ࣑ᐁチム 㥺ࡡ➠ୌṹ㝭⤂ࡊࡒࠊ 㸨㸣㧏⢥ᗐࡡỀࡡびῼ࡛ᩐೋ࣓ࢸࣜࢅฺ⏕ࡊࡒ༞ᴗểᗃᇡᑊὮᅥࡡỀᚘ⎌◂✪ ᾇ㐠ずᕝኬ࡞࠽࠷࡙ࠉ2010ᖳ12᭮࠾ࡼ2011ᖳ3᭮࡞ኬ⢇ᙼ㞯⢇Ꮔ࢜ࣤࢰ࣭ࠉᑚ⢇ᙼ㞯⢇Ꮔ࢜ ࣤࢰ࣭ࠉࢨ࣭࣒࣭ࣞࢰࠉኮẴ゛ࠉኮ⛏ᆵ㜾㞯㔖゛ῼ⨠ࡡ㏻⤾びῼࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊ㞗୯びῼ࡞ࡻࡾ౿⏻Ẵ ⌣びῼࠉ↋ெ⯗✭ᶭびῼࡢḗᖳᗐ௧㜾ࡡᐁ᪃࡛ࡊࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉẴῺ㏣㌷ᒒ࡞࠽ࡄࡾểᬏ⏍ᠺ࣬ᠺ㛏ࢅびῼ ࡌࡾࡒࡴ࡞㞴⢇Ꮔࢯࣤࢸࢅ㉆ථࡊࠉᩒങࢅ㛜ጙࡊࡒࠊ ๑ᖳᗐࡱ࡚࡞ᐁ᪃ࡊࡒ㛏ᒱᕰ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ㜾㞯びῼࢸ࣭ࢰࢅゆᯊࡊࠉኬ⢇ᙼ㞯⢇Ꮔ࢜ࣤࢰ࣭ࠉᑚ⢇ᙼ㞯 ⢇Ꮔ࢜ࣤࢰ࣭ࠉࢨ࣭࣒࣭ࣞࢰ➴ࡡ㜾㞯びῼ࡞㛭ࡌࡾᚉᮮࡡびῼᶭჹ㸝㞭㔖゛ࢰࣈ㸞࡞ᑊࡌࡾඁనᛮ ࢅ☔ヾࡊࡒࠊࡐࡡ⤎ᯕࡢࠉᅗහࡡẴ㇗Ꮥఌࠉ㞯ểᏕఌࠉཀྵࡦᅗ㝷Ꮥఌ㸝IPY࢛ࢪࣞ⛁Ꮥఌ㆗㸞➴࡚Ⓠ⾪ ࡊࡒࠊ ⚗ᆀ KP-4㸣 ක⏠ ◂✪ㄚ㢗 ᮶༞ᴗᾇὊࡡ⎌ሾንິࡡ◂✪ ◂✪㛣 ᖲᠺ 22ࠤ27 ᖳᗐ ᡜහභྜྷ◂✪⩽ ᑚ㐡ᜇኰࠉ∭ᑹ㍜ࠉᶣ⏛ ᡜአභྜྷ◂✪⩽ ▴୷ 㝧ࠉఫࠍᮄ Ὂࠉྚᕖᖶࠉ᭱㒂 ኬᓞ៖ୌ㑳ࠉ㟯ᮄ Ⱪࠉ⏣ ெᩐ 17 ெ ⤊㈕ 4,000 ༐ළ ඔࠉ㣜⏛㧏ኬࠉ㧏ᶣ㑝ኰࠉ㔕ᮟኬᶖ ᐰࠉ♼⏛✠ኯࠉⱩᮄḿெࠉฝ㑳ࠉ ᗛ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ᮇ◂✪゛⏤ࡢ㸫ࣧᖳ゛⏤࡚࠵ࡽࠉࡐࡡ┘Ⓩࡢࠉ༞ኬὊࣤࢺὊ༇࡞࠽࠷࡙ ① ᇱᮇࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ⏕࠷ᾇὊ∸⌦࣬Ꮥ࣬⏍∸㐛⛤ࡡንິࢅฝࡊࠉࡐࡡᠺᅄࢅ᳠ゞࡌࡾࠊ ② ንິ࡞ᙫ㡢ࢅ࠻ࡾ࡛⩻࠻ࡼࡿࡾᾇὊ∸⌦࣬Ꮥ࣬⏍∸ࡡこࣈࣞࢬࢪࢅ᳠ゞࡌࡾࠊ ࡆ࡛࡞࠵ࡽࠉ௧ୖࡡࡻ࠹࡞┘Ⓩࢅ㐡ᠺࡈࡎࡾࠊᖲᠺ 22 ᖳᗐ࡚ࡢ௧ୖࡡࡻ࠹࡞ᐁ᪃゛⏤ࢅ❟᱄ࡊࡒࠊ ① ᇱᮇࢸ࣭ࢰゆᯊ㸯 ࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪࡡᩒങ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡢࠉ⛁Ꮥᢇ⾙ᣲ⮾ᶭᵋᡋ␆Ⓩᅗ㝷⛁Ꮥᢇ⾙༝ງ᥆㐅ᴏ㸝௧ୖࠉ㸿㹈㹉 Ѹ 53Ѹ ― 57 ― ᴏ࡛␆㸞ࡡᨥᥴࢅུࡄࠉୌ㒂⾔Ⓩ࡞ᖲᠺ 21 ᖳᗐ࠾ࡼ㛜ጙࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾ㸝◂✪⾪⩽㸯⚗ᆀක⏠㸞ࠊᖲ ᠺ 22 ᖳᗐ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡵࠉྜྷᴏ࡞ࡻࡾᨥᥴࢅུࡄࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪ࡞ථງྊ⬗࡞ࡌࡾࡒࡴࡡムᩩฦᯊ⾔ࢂ ࡿࡾࠉ㊂ฦ㸝3 ×30 ムᩩ㸲90 ළ㸞ࡢᮇ◂✪࡚゛୕ࡊࡒࠊ ᾇὊ∸⌦ࢡ࣭ࣜࣈ 10 ྞ㸝ᮇഁ⾪⩽㸯㟯ᮄⱩ㸞ࡢࠉ㸿㹈㹉ᴏࡡᨥᥴࢅུࡄ 7 ᭮࡞࣌ࣁ࣭ࢹ࡞࠽ ࠷࡙ᾇὊ∸⌦㛭㏻ࡡንິࡡฝཀྵࡦᑑᮮ゛⏤࡞㛭ࡌࡾ࣭࣠ࢠࢨࣘࢴࣈࢅ㛜തࡌࡾࠊฝᖆᏽ⩽ࡡධ࡙ࡡ ᪉㈕ࢅྜྷᴏ࠾ࡼᨥฝ࡚ࡀ࠷ࡒࡴࠉ㊂࡛ࡾ 5 ྞฦࡡ᪉㈕ࢅᮇ◂✪࠾ࡼᨥฝࡌࡾ㸝30 ×5 ྞ㸲150 ළ㸞ࠊࡱࡒࠉ⏍∸࣬Ꮥࢡ࣭ࣜࣈࡢ 9 ᭮࡞㛜തࡈࡿࡾᮇᾇὊᏕఌ⚽Ꮢኬఌ㸝⥑㉦㸞࡞࠽࠷࡙࣭࣠ࢠ ࢨࣘࢴࣈࢅ㛜തࡊࠉንິゆᯊࡡ㐅ᤎ≟Ἓ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙᳠ゞࢅ⾔࠹ࠊࡆࡡ㞗ఌ࡞ཤຊࡌࡾࡒࡴࡡᅗහ᪉㈕ 5 ྞ ฦ㸝10 ×5 ྞ㸲50 ළ㸞ࢅᮇ◂✪࡚゛୕ࡌࡾࠊ࠽ࠉᖲᠺ 22 ᖳᗐࡢྜྷᴏࡡ᭩⤂ᖳᗐ࡚࠵ࡽࠉ3 ᭮࡞ ࡢ࣌ࣁ࣭ࢹ࡞࠽࠷࡙᭩⤂࣭࣠ࢠࢨࣘࢴࣈࢅ⾔࠹ࠊฝᖆᏽ⩽ 10 ྞࡡහ 8 ྞࡢ㸿㹈㹉ᴏ࠾ࡼ᪉㈕ᨥ ⤝ࡈࡿࡾࠉ㊂࡛ࡾ 2 ྞฦࡡ᪉㈕ࢅᮇ◂✪࠾ࡼᨥฝࡌࡾ㸝30 ×2 ྞ㸲60 ළ㸞ࠊ ࣈࣞࢬࢪ◂✪㸯 ② ࡞➠ 51 ḗ༞ᴗᆀᇡびῼ㝪࡚ᐁ᪃ࡈࡿࡒࠔᴗᇡࡡኬẴᅥѸ ᾇὊᅥ⤎ྙ◂✪ࠕࡡムᩩฦᯊࢅ⾔࠹ࠊฦ ᯊ࡞ᚪこᾐ⪎ဗ㈕㸝1 ᘟ㸲150 ළ㸞ࢅ゛୕ࡊࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉୌ㒂ムᩩ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡢᾇ㐠ኬᏕ࡞࠽࠷࡙ฦ ᯊࡌࡾᚪこ࠵ࡾࡒࡴࠉ᪉㈕ࢅ゛୕ࡊࡒ㸝5 ×1 ྞ×2 ᅂ㸲10 ළ㸞ࠊ ➠Ⅶ゛⏤ཀྵࡦ➠Ⅷ゛⏤࡞㛭ࡌࡾᖲᠺ 22 ᖳᗐ㛜തࡡ◂✪㞗ఌࡢื㏭⏞ㄫࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ ᾇὊ∸⌦㛭౿㸯ࠔ༞ኬὊࡡᾇὊ࣬ᾇểንິ࡞㛭ࡌࡾ◂✪ࠕ㸝ᢰᙔ㸯∭ᑹ㍜㸞 ࠔ༞ኬὊࣤࢺὊ༇࡞࠽ࡄࡾ⏍∸ᾇὊᏕ◂✪୩ࡦ࡞⏍∸ᆀ⌣Ꮥ◂✪ࠕ 㸝ᢰᙔ㸯⚗ ᾇὊ⏍∸࣬Ꮥ㛭౿㸯 ᆀක⏠㸞 㛭㏻ㄚ㢗㸯ࠔᴗᇡ࡞࠽ࡄࡾᾇὊ⎌ሾ࡛Ẵುንິ◂✪࡞㛭ࡌࡾ◂✪㞗ఌࠕ㸝ᢰᙔ㸯㣜⏛㧏ኬ㸞 ࡆࡿࡼࡡ㞗ఌࢅ㏳ࡊ࡙ࠉ➠Ⅶ゛⏤ࡡᠺᯕ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙㆗ㄵࡌࡾ࡛࡛ࡵ࡞➠Ⅷ゛⏤ࠉࡈࡼ࡞ࡐࡡᚃࡡᑑ ᮮ゛⏤࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡵ᳠ゞࢅຊ࠻ࡾࠊ ࠽ࠉᙔラᖳᗐ࡞ᐁ᪃ࡈࡿࡾ➠ 52 ḗびῼࡡࠔᾇ㮒୷ࠕ࡞ࡻࡾびῼ㸝ࠔ༞ᴗᾇ⏍ឺ⣌ࡡᚺ➽ࢅ㏳ࡊ࡙᥀ ࡾᆀ⌣⎌ሾንິࠕཀྵࡦࠔࣈࣚࣤࢠࢹࣤ⩄㞗⤄ᠺࡡንິ࡛⎌ሾንິ࡛ࡡ㛭౿࡞㛭ࡌࡾ◂✪ࠕ㸞ࢅᐁ᪃ࡌࡾ ⩽びῼ㝪ဤ࡛ࡊ࡙᪉㈕➴ࡡᡥᙔུ࡙ࡄࡼࡿ࠾ࡖࡒࡒࡴࠉ᪉㈕㸝ᮇࠤ࢛࣭ࢪࢹࣚࣛ⯗✭㐘㈜➴㸞 㸝ᴣ⟤࡚ࠉ30 ×10 ྞ㸲300 ළ㸞ཀྵࡦᗛタ᩷⤊㈕ 10 ྞฦ㸝ᴣ⟤࡚ࠉ5 ×10 ྞ㸲50 ළ㸞ࠉ௧୕ࡡ ᠺᯕࢅㄵᩝⓆ⾪ࡌࡾࡒࡴࡡ⤊㈕ࡵ゛୕ࡊࡒ㸝ୌᘟ㸲50 ළ㸞ࠊ ◂✪⤊㐛࡛ᠺᯕ ① ᇱᮇࢸ࣭ࢰゆᯊ㸯 ᾇὊ⏍∸㐛⛤࡞࠽ࡄࡾንິゆᯊࢅ⾔࠹ࡒࡴ࡞ᚪこᮅฌ⌦ムᩩࡡฦᯊ࡛ࡐࡡ⤎ᯕᚋࡼࡿࡒᇱᮇࢸ࣭ࢹ ࡡゆᯊࢅࠉ㸿㹈㹉ᴏ࡞ࡻࡾᨥᥴ࡛Ᏸࡊࡼᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊᙔิࠉࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪ࡞ථງྊ⬗࡞ࡌࡾࡒࡴ ࡡムᩩฦᯊ⤊㈕ࢅᮇ◂✪࡚゛୕ࡊࡒࠉ㸿㹈㹉ᴏ࡞ࡻࡾᨥᥴ⠂ᅑࡡິ∸ࣈࣚࣤࢠࢹࣤムᩩࡡฌ⌦࡞⏻ ࡱࡖࡒࡒࡴࠉᮇ◂✪࠾ࡼࡡฦᯊ⤊㈕ࡢⓆ⏍ࡊ࠾ࡖࡒࠊࢂࡽ࡞ິ∸ࣈࣚࣤࢠࢹࣤ㞗ჹරࡡ⏕ဗ ㊂ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࡒࡴࠉࡐࡡ㉆ථ㈕⏕࡛ࡊࡒࠊᖲᠺ 22 ᖳᗐ࡞࠽ࡄࡾࣈࣚࣤࢠࢹࣤムᩩ࠾ࡼࡡᇱᮇࢸ࣭ࢰࡡ ゆᯊᠺᯕࡢᚃ㏑ࡌࡾࠊࡱࡒࠉ୕エᴏࡡᨥᥴࢅུࡄ 2010 ᖳ 7 ᭮࡞࣌ࣁ࣭ࢹ࡚㛜തࡈࡿࡒ㇞ᾇὊ∸⌦ 㛭౿⩽ࡡྙྜྷ࡞ࡻࡾንິࡡฝ࡞㛭ࡌࡾ࣭࣠ࢠࢨࣘࢴࣈ࡞ฝᖆࡊࡒࠊᅗහ࠾ࡼࡡฝᖆᏽ⩽ࡡධ࡙ࡡ᪉ ㈕ࢅ㸿㹈㹉ᴏ࠾ࡼᨥฝ࡚ࡀ࠷ࡒࡴࠉᮇ㹀㹅Ѹ 4 ࡡ⤊㈕࠾ࡼྙ゛ 4 ྞࡡὬ㐭᪉㈕ࢅᨥฝࡊࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉ 㸿㹈㹉ᴏ࡞㛭㏻ࡊࠉᇱᮇࢸ࣭ࢰゆᯊࡡࡒࡴ࡞ࠉ࣌ࣁ࣭ࢹྙ゛ 3 ྞࢅὬ㐭ࡊࡒࠊᇱᮇࢸ࣭ࢰゆᯊᠺᯕ Ѹ 54Ѹ ― 58 ― ࡢࠉୖエࡡᅗහአ࡞࠽ࡄࡾࢨࣤ࣎ࢩ࣑ࡷᏕఌ࡞࡙Ⓠ⾪ࡊࡒࠊࡐࡡහࠉ⥑㉦࡚ࡡᮇᾇὊᏕఌྙ゛ 4 ྞࢅὬ㐭ࡊࡒࠊⓆ⾪ࢰࢹࣜࡢ◂✪Ⓠ⾪࡞ࡱ࡛ࡴࡒࠊ ࣬2010 ᖳ 7 ᭮ IPY ࢛࣭ࣈࣤ࣬ࢦ࢙ࣤࢪ࣬ࢤࣤࣆࣝࣤࢪ㸝ࢿ࢙࣭ࣜᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜࠉ࢛ࢪࣞ㸞 ࣬2010 ᖳ 8 ᭮ ➠ 31 ᅂ SCAR ⥪ఌ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ࢛࣭ࣈࣤ࣬ࢦ࢙ࣤࢪ࣬ࢤࣤࣆࣝࣤࢪ㸝ࣇ࢙ࢿࢪࣝ ࢪࠉࣜࢭࣤࢲࣤ㸞 ࣬2010 ᖳ 9 ᭮ 2010 ᖳᗐᮇᾇὊᏕఌ⚽Ꮢኬఌ㸝᮶ா㎨ᴏኬᏕࠉ⥑㉦㸞 ࣬2010 ᖳ 11-12 ᭮ ➠ 32 ᅂᴗᇡ⏍∸ࢨࣤ࣎ࢩ࣑࠽ࡻࡦ➠ 1 ᅂᴗᇡ⛁Ꮥࢨࣤ࣎ࢩ࣑㸝ᴗᆀ◂ࠉ❟ᕖ㸞 ࣈࣚࣤࢠࢹࣤムᩩ࠾ࡼࡡᇱᮇࢸ࣭ࢰࡡゆᯊᠺᯕࢅ௧ୖ࡞ࡱ࡛ࡴࡒࠊ ༞ᴗᾇࣤࢺὊ༇አὊᇡ࡞࠽ࡄࡾᮇഁࡡᏽᖏびῼⅤࡡ㛏Ⓩࢸ࣭ࢰࢅゆᯊࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡽࠉᾇὊᇱ ♇⏍⏐ࡷິ∸ࣇࣚࣤࢠࢹࣤ⩄㞗ࡡ୯㛏Ⓩንࡷንິലྡྷ᳠ฝࡈࡿࡒࠊౚ࠻ࡣࠉ ࣬༞ኬὊ࡞࠽ࡄࡾᰜ㣬ሲ⃨ᗐ࡛ࢠࣞࣞࣆࣜ a ⃨ᗐࡡቌຊലྡྷ ࣬༞ኬὊ࡞࠽ࡄࡾᰜ㣬ሲ⃨ᗐ࡛ࢠࣞࣞࣆࣜ a ⃨ᗐࡡቌຊലྡྷ ࣬᮶⤊ 110 ᗐࣚࣤ࡞࠽ࡄࡾິ∸ࣈࣚࣤࢠࢹࣤ⩄㞗ࡡ୯㛏ንິࠉ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ゆᯊࡊࡒࠊ ࡱࡒࠉᾇὊ∸⌦࣓ࢸࣜ࡞࠽ࡄࡾࣂ࣒ࣚࢰࣛࢭ࣭ࢨࣘࣤࡡྡྷ୕࡞㛭ࡌࡾゆᯊᠺᯕࡢḗࡡ࡛࠽ࡽ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ ᮇഁࡢ㛏ᾇὊ∸⌦びῼ⤎ᯕࡡゆᯊ࡛࠵ࢂࡎࠉ࣓࣭ࣛࢹࢬࣤࢨࣤࢡᡥἪ࡞ࡻࡾᾇể⏍⏐ࣂ࣒ࣚࢰࣛࢭ ࣭ࢨࣘࣤ࠽ࡻࡦᩐೋᐁ㥺ᡥἪ࡞ࡻࡾ༞ᴗᗇᒒỀᙟᠺ࡞㛭ࡌࡾࣂ࣒ࣚࢰࣛࢭ࣭ࢨࣘࣤࢅⓆᒈࡈࡎࡒࠊ ࡆࡿࡼ࡞ᇱࡘࡀࠉᾇὊᚘ⎌ንິࡷ༞ᴗᗇᒒỀᙟᠺ࡞㛭ࡌࡾ࣓ࢸࣜࢅᵋ⠇ࡊࡒࠊ㇞භྜྷ࡚ᾇὊᾇể∸⌦ ࣓ࢸࣜ࡞࠽ࡄࡾࣂ࣒ࣚࢰࣛࢭ࣭ࢨࣘࣤࡡྡྷ୕ᅒࡼࡿࡒࠊࡱࡒ∸⌦࣬ᾇể࣓࣬ࢸࣜࢡ࣭ࣜࣈ࡞ࡻࡾ㇞ ࣭࣠ࢠࢨࣘࢴࣈ࡚ࡢ㇞୦ᅗࡡⱕᡥ◂✪⩽ࡵཤຊࡊࠉḗୠᚃ⤽⩽ࡡ⫩ᠺᅒࡼࡿࡒࠊୌ㏻ࡡ㇞භྜྷ ◂✪ࡡᠺᯕᩐኣࡂࡡ㇞භⴥ◂✪ㄵᩝ࡛ࡊ࡙ප⾪ࡈࡿࠉ㇞◂✪⩽ࡡ㏻ᦘࡡᙁࡈࡢ㧏ࡂビ౮ࡈࡿࡾࠊ ࡆࡿࡼࡡᠺᯕࡢ IPCC AR5 ྡྷࡄࡒኬࡀ㈁⊡ᙽࡈࡿࡾࡵࡡ࡛㧏ࡂビ౮࡚ࡀࡾࠊ ② ࣈࣞࢬࢪ◂✪㸯 ࡞➠ 51 ḗ༞ᴗᆀᇡびῼ㝪࡚ᐁ᪃㸝ᖲᠺ 21 ᖳᗐ㸞ࡈࡿࡒࠔᴗᇡࡡኬẴᅥѸ ᾇὊᅥ⤎ྙ◂✪ࠕࡡムᩩฦ ᯊ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡢࠉᖲᠺ 22 ᖳᗐ࡞࠽࠷࡙ࣈࣞࢩ࢘ࢠࢹ◂✪ဤ㸝㔕ᮟኬᶖ㸞࡞ࡻࡽᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊムᩩฦᯊࡡࡌ ࡙ࢅᴗᆀ◂࡚ᐁ᪃ࡌࡾࡡྊ⬗࡚࠵ࡽࠉᾇ㐠ኬᏕࡷ᮶ாᾇὊኬᏕᡜአභྜྷ◂✪ဤࡡᡜᒌࡌࡾ ᶭ㛭࡞࠽࠷࡙ᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊࡐࡡࡒࡴ࡞ᅗහฝᘿ᪉㈕ࠉฦᯊࡡࡒࡴࡡᾐ⪎ဗ㉆ථࡷᵾᮇ࣬ᶭᮞ㍲㏞⤊㈕ ࢅᇮ⾔ࡊࡒࠊᏕఌࡡฝᘿ᪉㈕࣬ཤຊ⤊㈕ࠉཀྵࡦࠉ◂✪ㄵᩝషᠺ⤊㈕ࢅᇮ⾔ࡊࡒࠊࡆࡿࡼࡡරమࡡᠺᯕ ࡢᚃ㏑ࡌࡾࠊࡱࡒࠉ➠ 52 ḗびῼࡡࠔᾇ㮒୷ࠕ࡞ࡻࡾびῼ㸝ࠔ༞ᴗᾇ⏍ឺ⣌ࡡᚺ➽ࢅ㏳ࡊ࡙᥀ࡾᆀ⌣⎌ሾ ንິࠕཀྵࡦࠔࣈࣚࣤࢠࢹࣤ⩄㞗⤄ᠺࡡንິ࡛⎌ሾንິ࡛ࡡ㛭౿࡞㛭ࡌࡾ◂✪ࠕ㸞ࢅᐁ᪃ࡌࡾ⩽びῼ㝪 ဤ࡛ࡊ࡙᪉㈕➴ࡡᚪこ⤊㈕ࢅྙ゛ 8 ྞฦᇮ⾔ࡊࡒࠊࠔᾇ㮒୷ࠕ࡞ࡻࡾ⌟ሔびῼ࠾ࡼࡡゆᯊ⤎ᯕࡢࠉ ᖲᠺ 23 ᖳᗐ௧㜾࡞ᐁ᪃ࡈࡿࡾࠊ ࣈࣞࢬࢪ◂✪ᠺᯕࡢ௧ୖࡡ 4 Ⅴ࡞ࡱ࡛ࡴࡒࠊ ࣬ᾇể୯ࡡ DMS ࡛ DMSP ࡡฦᕱ ༞ᴗᇱᆀἀࡡᾇể୯࡞Ꮛᅹࡌࡾ◪ࢩ࣒ࢲࣜ㸝DMS㸞࡛ࡐࡡ๑㥉మ㸝DMSP㸞ࡡ⃨ᗐࢅ⣌า࡚ῼ ᏽࡊࡒࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡽࠉᾇểහ࡚ࡡ DMS/DMSP ࡡ⏍ᠺ㐛⛤᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡖࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉᾇểࡡ⼝ゆ࡞ఔ࠹ᾇ Ềࡡ DMS/DMSP ࡡὮฝࡢࠉᾇểᇡ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ◪㯜ᚘ⎌ࢅ⩻៎ࡌࡾ୕࡚㔔こྙࢅ༥ࡴࡾࡆ࡛♟ࡈ ࡿࡒࠊ ࣬ᾇể⾪㟻࠾ࡼኬẴࡡ DMS ᨲฝ ༞ᴗᾇࡡᾇể⾪㟻࠾ࡼࡡኬẴࡡ DMS ᨲฝ㔖ࢅࢲࣔࣤࣁ࣭Ἢ࡞ࡻࡽᏽ㔖ࡊࡒࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡽࠉࡆࡿࡱ࡚ Ѹ 55Ѹ ― 59 ― ኬẴ—ᾇὊ㛣ࡡ◪㯜∸㈹ஹᥦࡡࣁ࡛ࣛࡊ࡙ࢂࡿࡒᾇểࡢࠉᐁ㝷ࡢẴమ㏩㐛ᛮ࡞ᐣࡲࠉ∸㈹ஹᥦ㢎 ⦶࡞㉫ࡆࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࡆ࡛᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡖࡒࠊ ࣬ ࢪࣚࢴࢨࣖ୯ࡡࣇ࣓࣑ࣞ࣌ࣜ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ ༞ᴗᾇࡡᾇể—✒㞯㛣࡞ᏋᅹࡌࡾࢪࣚࢴࢨࣖỀࡡࣇ࣓࣑ࣞ࣌ࣜ㸝CHBr3㸞ࡡ⃨ᗐࢅ⣌า࡚ῼᏽࡊࡒࡆ ࡛࡞ࡻࡽࠉࢪࣚࢴࢨࣖỀࡡࣇ࣓࣑ࣞ࣌ࣜࡡ⏍ᠺ㸤ᾐ㐛⛤ิࡴ࡙᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡖࡒࠊ ࣒࣬ࣜࢹ࣎ࣤࢺࡡ⏍ᠺᾇểࡡ∸⌦/Ꮥ/⏍∸≁ᛮ࡞࠻ࡾᙫ㡢 ༞ᴗᾇࡡᾇể⾪㟻࡞ฦᕱࡌࡾ࣒ࣜࢹ࣎ࣤࢺࡡ⏍∸ᆀ⌣Ꮥᠺฦࡡῼᏽཀྵࡦ࣒ࣜࢹ࣎ࣤࢺࡡ⏍ᠺᾇể ࡡ∸⌦/Ꮥ/⏍∸≁ᛮ࡞࠻ࡾᙫ㡢ࢅビ౮ࡊࡒࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡽࠉ࣒ࣜࢹ࣎ࣤࢺ—ᾇể㛣࡚ࡡ⁈Ꮛ↋ᶭ⅛⣪/ᰜ 㣬ሲᏕ/⏍∸≁ᛮ࡞࠻ࡾᙫ㡢ࢅ᪺࠾࡞ࡊࡒࠊᮇ◂✪࡞ࡻࡽࠉ࣒ࣜࢹ࣎ࣤࢺ—ᾇể㛣࡚ࡡ⁈Ꮛ↋ᶭ⅛⣪/ ᰜ㣬ሲࡡᚘ⎌ാࢅ♟ࡌฝᮮࡒࠊ ᖲᠺ 22 ᖳᗐ࡞࠽࠷࡙ࡢࠉࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪ࡞ථງྊ⬗࡞ࡌࡾࡒࡴࡡムᩩฦᯊ㈕ࠉ㸿㹈㹉ᴏ⤊㈕࡚ᇮ⾔ ྊ⬗࡚࠵ࡖࡒࡒࡴࠉᖲᠺ 23 ᖳᗐ௧㜾ࡡࣈࣚࣤࢠࢹࣤ㞗ჹර⏕ဗ㉆ථ࡞ን᭞ࡊࡒ࠾ࡢࠉᙔิ゛⏤ ࡛ኬࡀࡂ␏ࡾࡆ࡛ࡂࠉ◂✪㈕ࢅᇮ⾔ࡊࠉᙔิ゛⏤࡞Ἒࡖࡒ◂✪ᠺᯕࢅ࠵ࡅࡾࡆ࡛ฝᮮࡒࠊ KP-5㸣 ᒜᓃ 㞕 ◂✪ㄚ㢗 ኯ㝟㢴࢙ࢾ࣭ࣜ࢟ࡡ☚ẴᅥὮථ࡞ᑊࡌࡾ㞹㞫ᅥᚺ➽ࡡ༞ᴗᇡභᙲᛮࡡ◂✪ ◂✪㛣 ᖲᠺ 22ࠤ27 ᖳᗐ ᡜහභྜྷ◂✪⩽ 㛓ಲ ࠉఫ⸠ኚ㞕ࠉ୯ᮟ༜ྒྷࠉᐋᒱ Ᏻࠉ⾔ᮿ ᑚᕖὀಘࠉෞᕖႌᘧࠉỜᑶ ᙪࠉᒱ⏛㞖ᶖࠉላ ┤ࠉ⏛୯Ⰳ᪸ࠉඔሔူ㑳 ᡜአභྜྷ◂✪⩽ ᡧ⏛⪵Ꮔࠉ㧏ᶣᖶᘧࠉఫ⸠ක㍜ࠉᑚ㔕㧏ᖶࠉఫ⸠⏜ࠉᆊ㔕 ᒱ⏛ᨼ⨶ࠉᏩኅ⪵ࠉඳᮄㆺ ⪵ࠉᑹᓧක⣎ࠉ⸠⏛ ∞ᒱ㱗ᓙࠉᖲཋ⪯ᩝࠉᑹⰴ⏜⣎ࠉ⏛ཾ ಕ⏛ ᐁࠉᑚཋ㝧༡ࠉ⏛ཾ Ⲯ㔕℟ᶖࠉけㆺ 㞖ᶖࠉ Ⱪࠉ″ ࠉḀᩏࠉ ὀᢽࠉ㧏ᶣᖶ♰ࠉ ⪵ࠉ⣵ᕖᩏ♰ࠉᮟ⏛ྍࠉ㛏ጏ ┷ࠉ㛏Ⴕಘࠉ᰷ฺᕖ ຑࠉ ㇇ࠉⳝờ ᓤࠉሲᕖኰࠉ ᭻ࠉᾇ⩹ཋ♰㍔ࠉይ⏜⣟ࠉᶣᮇ⨶Ꮔࠉ⠓ཋ Ꮥࠉཿᕖ㞖ⱝࠉ ⸠ᬓྍࠉ㔕ᓧ᭹ࠉྚ⏛᪺ኰࠉᑚᕖᚽᙢ ெᩐ 51 ெ ⤊㈕ 3,015 ༐ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ༞ᴗᇱᆀࡢ༞༖⌣࢛࣭ࣞࣚᖈ࡞న⨠ࡌࡾ࡛ࢆ။ୌࡡ᭯ெᇱᆀ࡚࠵ࡽࠉ༞༖⌣ࡡ࢛࣭ࣞࣚ⌟㇗ ࢅᆀ୕࠾ࡼびῼࡌࡾ୕࡚㟸ᖏ࡞㔔こびῼⅤ࡛ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡱࡒࠉ༞ᴗᇡびῼᇱᆀࡡᆀ☚ẴභᙲⅤࡢࠉ ࡐࡡṜᾇ୕࡛ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾ୯ࠉᇱᆀࡡභᙲⅤࡢ㝛୕㸝ࢪࣚࣤࢺ㸞࡛ࡖ࡙࠽ࡽࠉびῼⅤࢅシ ⨠ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ᐖ᪾࡚࠵ࡾࠊࡆࡡࡻ࠹࡞࢛࣭ࣞࣚ⌟㇗ࡡᆀ☚Ẵභᙲᛮࢅ◂✪ࡌࡾ୕࡚㟸ᖏ࡞ฺ᮪᭯௲ࢅ ങ࠻ࡒᇱᆀ࡛ࢪࣚࣤࢺ࡞ࢂࡿࢂࡿࡢ㛏ᖳ࡞ࢂࡒࡽ❻Ⓩびῼ⨠ࢅᢖථࡊࠉ࢛࣭ࣞࣚ⌟㇗ࡡ ༞ᴗᇡᑊ⛘ᛮ㸤㟸ᑊ⛘ᛮ࡞㛭ࡌࡾびῼ࡛◂✪ࢅ⤾ࡄ࡙ࡀࡒࠊᮇ◂✪࡚ࡢ➠Ⅶ㸝ᖲᠺ 18 ᖳᗐࠤᖲᠺ 21 ᖳᗐ㸞ࠉཀྵࡦ➠Ⅷ㸝ᖲᠺ 22 ᖳᗐࠤᖲᠺ 27 ᖳᗐ㸞༞ᴗᆀᇡᏼ✭びῼ゛⏤࡚ᩒങࡈࡿࡗࡗ࠵ࡾ࢛࣭ࣞ ࣚ⌟㇗ࡡᗀᇡびῼࢾࢴࢹ࣭࣠ࢠ࡛ࠉࡐࡡᆀ☚Ẵභᙲ㡷ᇡ࡞࠵ࡒࡾᴗᇡ࠾ࡼᚋࡼࡿࡾびῼࢸ࣭ࢰࢅὩ⏕ ࡊࠉ௧ୖࡡ 3 ࡗࡡ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡞ࡗ࠷࡙◂✪ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡌࡾࠊ 㸝㸦㸞ࠔභᙲⅤ⛛ິ࠾ࡼずࡾ☚Ẵᅥᙟ≟ࡡንࠕ 㸝㸧㸞ࠔኚ㞹㞫ᅥࡡ㟸ᑊ⛘ᛮ☚Ẵᅥ⌟㇗ཀྵࡌᙫ㡢ࠕ Ѹ 56Ѹ ― 60 ― 㸝㸨㸞ࠔᗀᇡ࡚ずࡾ༞ᴗᇡ⌟㇗ࡡභᙲᛮࠕ ◂✪⤊㐛࡛ᠺᯕ 㸦㸣භᙲⅤ⛛ິ࠾ࡼずࡾ☚Ẵᅥᙟ≟ࡡንࡡ◂✪ 2009 ᖳ 9 ᭮ࡡࢪࣚࣤࢺѸ ᇱᆀ࡚びῼࡈࡿࡒ࢛࣭ࣞࣚ⌟㇗ࡡ⏤ാࢸ࣭ࢰゆᯊ࡞ࡻࡽࠉᆀ☚Ẵභ ᙲⅤࠍ็ࠍ࡛⦃ᗐ࣬⤊ᗐ᪁ྡྷ࡞ࡍࡿࡾᵕᏄࢅิࡴ࡙♟ࡊࠉࡆࡡභᙲⅤࡡິࡀᝠ᫅㛣☚ሔ㸝≁࡞᮶ けᠺฦ㸞ࡡᴗᛮን࡞㏻ິࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡊࡒࠊࡆࡡᠺᯕࢅᏕఌࠉᅗ㝷Ꮥ⾙ヽ࡚Ⓠ⾪ࡊࡒࠊ 㸧㸣ࢡ࣭ࣞࣁࣜ㹂㸽㸹ࢨ࣐࣭ࣖࣝࢨࣘࣤ◂✪⩽࡛ࡡභྜྷ◂✪ ᴗᇡࡡ㞹㞫ᒒ࡚ࡢࠉୌᖳࡡኬ༖ࡢ∞᪁ࡡᴗ↯≟ឺࠉ᪁ࡡᴗᬧእ࡛ࡽࠉ㞹Ẵఎᑙᗐ࡞ⴥࡊ࠷ 㟸ᑊ⛘ᛮࢅ⏍ࡋ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡆࡡ㟸ᑊ⛘ᛮ☚Ẵᅥ࡚Ⓠ⏍ࡌࡾ࢛࣭ࣞࣚ⌟㇗ࡡᴗᇡ࡚ࡡⓆ⌟࡞ࡡࡻ࠹ᙫ 㡢ࢅ࠻ࡾ࠾ࢅࠉࢡ࣭ࣞࣁࣜ㹂㸽㸹ࢨ࣐࣭ࣖࣝࢨࣘࣤࡡᡥἪ࡚ㄢࡒࠊᆀ⌣ࡡᆀ☚Ẵ㍀࡛⮤㌷㍀ࢅ⛸ࠍ ࡞ലࡄࡒ࣓ࢸ࡚ࣜ㹂㸽㸹ࢨ࣐࣭ࣖࣝࢨࣘࣤࢅ⾔࠷ࠉ☚ງ⥲࡞ᣂᮨࡈࡿࡾຝᯕ࡛ࠉ㞹㞫ᒒᑙ㞹⋙࡚ᨥ㒼ࡈ ࡿࡾຝᯕࢅฦ㞫ࡊ࡙ịࡴࡾࡆ࡛࡞ᠺຉࡊࡒࠊࡆࡡᠺᯕࢅ AGU㸝⡷ᅗᆀ⌣∸⌦Ꮥఌ㸞Fall Meeting ࡚Ⓠ⾪ ࡊࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉᑚ◂✪㞗ఌࢅ㛜തࡊࠉࢡ࣭ࣞࣁࣜ㹂㸽㸹ࢨ࣐࣭ࣖࣝࢨࣘࣤ࠾ࡼᚋࡼࡿࡾ∸⌦㔖࡛ᆀ୕࡚び ῼࡈࡿࡾ⌟㇗ࢅ࠷࠾࡞㛭౿ࡘࡄࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࡀࡾ࠾࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉ᳠ゞࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ 㸨㸣ᖲᠺ 22 ᖳᗐࡡࢪࣚࣤࢺびῼ࡚ࡢࠉ๑ᖳᗐྜྷᵕ࡞ࠉභᙲⅤ࡚ࡡྊち࢛࣭ࣞࣚࡡྜྷびῼྊ⬗ ⚽ฦࡡ 9 ᭮࡞ࢪࣚࣤࢺ࡞࠽࠷࡙ࠉᇱᆀ࡛ࡡ࢛࣭ࣞࣚྜྷびῼࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊࢪࣚࣤࢺ࣬ ࣆࢴࢦࣆ࢘ࣜびῼᣈⅤ࡚ࡢࠉ๑ᖳᗐᣚࡔᖉࡽಞ⌦ࡊࡒ 8CH ᤪኮࣆ࢚ࢹ࣒࣭ࢰࢅ්シ⨠ࡊ⮤ິ㐘⏕ࢅ⾔ࡖ ࡒࠉධኮ༟Ⰵ࣒࣭ࢩࣔࡷ⠾᪾ᆵ㧏វᗐ࣒࢜ࣚ㸝Watec㸞ࡡ⮤ິ㐘⏕ࡵ⾔ࡖࡒࠊࡱࡒ࣒࣭ࢩࣤࢡࣛ ࢛࣒࣭ࢰࢸ࣭ࢰ㘋㒂ࡡ᭞᩺ࡷࠉ㹂㸻ᖈ࢛࣭ࣞࣚ㞹ἴびῼ⨠ࡡಕᏬ࣬ᨭⰃࡵ⾔ࡖࡒࠊࢲࣘࣜࢾࢪ びῼⅤ࡞࠽࠷࡙ࡢࠉWatec ࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࢅ᩺ࡒ࡞ୌᘟ㏛ຊシ⨠ࡊ⮤ິ㐘⏕ࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠉ⩹ᮑࡊࡒ࣒࣭ࢩ ࣤࢡ࢛࣒࣭ࣛࢰࡡཡషᴏࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊࢪࣚࣤࢺ࡛ᇱᆀ࠾ࡼࡡ Watec ࢸ࣭ࢰࡷ࣒࣭ࢩࣤࢡ ࢛࣒࣭ࣛࢰࢸ࣭ࢰࡢࠉ‵ࣛࣜࢰ࣑࡞ᴗᆀ◂ࡡ゛⟤ᶭࢨࢪࢷ࣑࡞ఎ㏞ࡈࡿࠉびῼ⤂ᚃࡢࢦ࣏ࣛࣈࣞ ࢴࢹࢅ⮤ິషᠺࡊࠉࡐࡿࡼࢅ Web ୕࡚ずࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࡀࡾࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࡡᵋ⠇ࡵ㐅ࡴࡒࠊ9 ᭮ 13-14 ࡞ࡢẒ ㍉Ⓩ㟴࠾࢛࣭ࣞࣚὩິ࡚ࡢ࠵ࡖࡒࠉᇱᆀ࡛ࡡ㛣࡚ࡡྜྷびῼ࡞ᠺຉࡊࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉ9 ᭮ 7-8 ࡞ ࡢࠉࢪࣚࣤࢺഁࡓࡄ࡚ࡢ࠵ࡖࡒࠉ㟸ᖏ࡞ὩⓆ⬞ິ࢛࣭ࣞࣚびῼࡈࡿࠉࢪࣚࣤࢺࡡኬᆵ▯ ἴ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭࡛ࡡྜྷびῼ࡞ᠺຉࡊࡒࠊ࢛࣭ࣞࣚびῼᶭჹ⮤ິ㐘⏕ࡈࡿࡾࡻ࠹࡞ࡖࡒࡒࡴࠉெᅹ ࡊࡒ 9 ᭮ࡡභᙲⅤ㛣ࡡࡲ࡚ࡢࡂࠉ⩛ᖳ 3 ᭮ࡡභᙲⅤ㛣࡞ࡵࠉᇱᆀ࡛ࡡ㛣࡚࢛࣭ࣞࣚභᙲⅤྜྷ びῼࢸ࣭ࢰࢅཱིᚋࡌࡾࡆ࡛ฝᮮࡒࠊ 㸩㸣ᆀ☚Ẵࢾࢴࢹ࣭࣠ࢠびῼ࡞㛭ࡌࡾ◂✪㞗ఌ ᇱᆀࢅ୯ᚨ࡛ࡌࡾ 8 Ⅴࡡ↋ெ☚ງ゛ࢸ࣭ࢰࡡࠉᴗᇡࡡᆀ☚Ẵびῼࢾࢴࢹ࣭࣠ࢠࢅࡖࡒ◂✪࡞ ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉᖲᠺ 23 ᖳ 3 ᭮ୖ᪢࡞◂✪㞗ఌࢅ゛⏤ࡊࡒࠉ3 ᭮ 11 ࡡ㟀ⅇᚃࡡೳ㞹ࠉஹ㏳ᶭ㛭ࡡࡿࢅ⩻ ៎ࡊࠉཱིࡽࡷࡴࡒࠊ ᑚᓞ KP-6㸣 ⚵ᗛ ◂✪ㄚ㢗 ኯ㝟⣌ᝠ᫅∸㈹ࡡ㉫″࡛㐅㐛⛤ࡡゆ᪺ ◂✪㛣 ᖲᠺ 22ࠤ27 ᖳᗐ Ѹ 57Ѹ ― 61 ― ᡜහභྜྷ◂✪⩽ ᴷ├ஒࠉᒜཾ ீࠉᾇ⏛༡ྒྷࠉ⃕ၤྒྷࠉྚṂ⨶ ᡜአභྜྷ◂✪⩽ ᗽᏏᘧࠉ୯ᮟᬓᶖࠉᒷ⏛ᑠ⬗ࠉᮄᮟ ┶ࠉ㔕ཾ㧏᪺ࠉᾇ⩹ཋ Ⓣ├ᶖࠉᐋᮇḿ㐠ࠉ㛏ᑹᩏࠉᘲ⏍ࠉἑහ Ṃ⏛ ᘧࠉᅰ㹕ᒜ ୯∱⏛⩇ᘧࠉ❟ᕖ ெᩐ 30 ெ ⤊㈕ 3,650 ༐ළ ᪺ࠉ⻩ᕖΰ㝧ࠉᒱ㔕 ⤣ࠉ▦⏛ ᒾࠉᶪ ඖࠉኬὀႵࠉ ┤྿ࠉⲠ᭰Ꮔࠉ ಞࠉᐣᒜ㝧ᑑࠉዄⰃᒱ ᾀࠉᒱᓧ㝧ྒྷࠉ 㐡 ◂✪┘Ⓩ I. ༞ᴗ㝱▴ࠉ༞ᴗᏫᏼሶࡡ∸㈹⛁Ꮥ◂✪࡞ᇱࡘࡂࠉኯ㝟⣌ᝠ᫅∸㈹ࡡ㉫″࡛㐅㐛⛤ࡡゆ᪺ 3) ᭮㝱▴ࢅ⏕࠷࡙ࠉ᭮ᆀṾ∸㈹ࡡฦ㐛⛤ࢅゆ᪺ࡌࡾࠊࡱࡒࠉࠔ࠾ࡃࡷࠕࡡ࣓࣭ࣛࢹࢬࣤࢨࣤࢡ ࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࡛Ẓ㍉ࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡖ࡙ࠉᩫ㛏▴࡞ᐣࡳ༞ᴗ⏐᭮㝱▴ࡡ⤣ྙⓏ∸㈹⛁Ꮥ◂✪㸝ᒷ▴㖌∸⤄ ᠺ࣬⤄⧂ฦᯊࠉฦකฦᯊࠉᏕ⤄ᠺฦᯊࠉྜྷనమ⤄ᠺ࣬ᖳฦᯊ㸞࡛ࠔ࠾ࡃࡷࠕฦකࢸ࣭ࢰゆᯊࢅ⤄ࡲ ྙࢂࡎࠉ᭮ᆀṾ⤄ᠺࡡḿ☔Ửᏽ࡛᭮ᆀṾ㉫″ࡡゆ᪺ࢅ┘ᣞࡌࠊ᭮ࡡ⾪࡛ࡡฦᛮࡡᠺᅄ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙⩻ ᐳࡌࡾࠊ II. ༞ᴗ㝱▴ࢅ⏕࠷ࡒࠉࢦࣤࣈࣜࣛࢰ࣭ࣤムᩩ◂✪࡞㐲⏕࡚ࡀࡾฦᯊᢇ⾙ࠉᡥἪࡡ㛜Ⓠ 8) ࠔࡢࡷࡩࡈ 2ࠕ࠽ࡻࡦᑑᮮࡡᑚᝠ᫅ࢦࣤࣈࣜࣛࢰ࣭ࣤ࡞ങ࠻ࡒムᩩᅂᶭᵋࡡᨭⰃ࠽ࡻࡦ㛜Ⓠ ᝠ᫅∸㈹ࡡࢦࣤࣈࣜࣛࢰ࣭࡚ࣤࡢࠉୌᗐࡡ᥀ᰕ࡚࡚ࡀࡾࡓࡄኣࡂࡡムᩩࢅࠉḗⓏỗࠉን㈹ ࠷ᙟཱི࡚ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ᚪこ࡚࠵ࡾࠊࠔࡢࡷࡩࡈࠕ࡚ࡢᙆ୷ࢅ⏕࠷ࡒࢦࣤࣈࣛࣤࢡ࠽ࡆࢂࡿࡒࠉࡐ ࡡࢦࣤࣈࣜᅂ⋙ࡢඖฦ࡞㧏ࡂࡂࠉᨭⰃࡡఴᆀඖฦ࡞࠵ࡾࠊᚉᮮࡡࢦࣤࣈࣛࣤࢡࡢࠉࡆࡿࡱ࡚Ꮻᏼ ⎌ሾ࡚షິࡌࡾࡆ࡛☔ヾࡈࡿࡒ။ୌࡡ᪁ᘟ࡚࠵ࡾࠉC ᆵᑚᝠ᫅ࢅࡴࡉࡌࠔࡢࡷࡩࡈ 2ࠕ࡞ࡵᦒ㍍ࡌ ࡾࡒࡴ࡞ࠉࢦࣤࣈࣜᅂ⋙ࢅ୕ࡅࡼᙆ୷⾢✲࡞ࡻࡾࢦࣤࣈࣜࡡን㈹ࢅᢒ࠻ࡾ࡛࠷ࡖࡒᨭⰃࢅ⾔࠹ࠊ ◂✪⤊㐛࡛ᠺᯕ ࣬ ฦࡊࡒᑚᝠ᫅ࡡℾᠺὩິ࠽ࡻࡦ᭮ഁᆀṾࡡᙟᠺྍ࡞㛭ࡌࡾ◂✪ࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊᮇහᐖࡢࠉᅗ㝷ヽ࡞ ུ⌦ࡈࡿࡒࠊࢱ࢛ࢩ࢘ࢻࢹ㝱▴ࡡධᒷ⤄ᠺ࠾ࡼࠉฦࡊࡒᑚᝠ᫅࣊ࢪࢰࡢࠉ࣏ࢡ࣏ኬὊᅖࡊࡒ ᚃࠉḗⓏℾᒜὩິࢅ⤊㥺ࡊࡒࡆ࡛ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡊࡒࠊࡈࡼ࡞ࠉ㖌∸ᒷ▴⤄⧂࠾ࡼ⇍ྍࡵࠉࡐࡡᐁࢅ ᨥᣚࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡊࡒࠊᮇහᐖࡢࠉ⌟ᅹᢖ✇୯࡚࠵ࡾࠊ᭮㝱▴ Y86032 ࡡᒷ▴ᏕⓏࠉᏕⓏࠉࡐ ࡊ࡙ࠉྜྷనమᖳᏕⓏ◂✪࠾ࡼࠉ᭮ࡡഁᙟᠺྍࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡊࡻ࠹࡛ࡊࡒࠊᮇ◂✪࠾ࡼࠉ᭮ࡡഁᆀṾ ࡢࠉ࣏ࢡ࣏ኬὊᅖᚃ࡞々㞟㐅㐛⛤ࢅ⤊࡙ᙟᠺࡊࡒࡆ࡛ࢂ࠾ࡖࡒࠊ ࣬ℾ᫅㝱▴୯ࡡࣁࢸࣝࢹ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉࣚࣤ-㕼ྜྷనమᖳࢅỬᏽࡊࠉℾ᫅⾪ᒒࡡℾᒜὩິࡇࡂ᭩㎾ 㸝~2 ൦ᖳ๑㸞ࡱ࡚㉫ࡆࡖ࡙࠷ࡒࡆ࡛ࢅ࠵ࡀࡼ࠾࡞ࡊࡒࠊ ࣬ぽ♗ᒷࡊࡒᬉ㏳ࢤࣤࢺࣚࢹ Bhola, Yamato-74442 ୯࡞ྱࡱࡿࡾࣜ࢜ࣛ࡞ᐣࡳᒷ∞࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉRb-Sr ྜྷనమᖳᏕ◂✪ࢅ࠽ࡆࡖࡒࠊධᒷムᩩ࡞࠽࠷࡙ࡵࣜࣄࢩ࣑Ꮛᅹᗐࢤࣤࢺࣚࢹ㝱▴ࡡ 2-3 ಶ࡛ ࡖࡒࡆ࡛࠾ࡼࠉࣜ࢜ࣛ࡞ᐣࡳᒷ∞ࡢࠉධᒷムᩩ㸝~50 mg㸞࡞ᬉ㐚Ⓩ࡞Ꮛᅹࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࡆ࡛࠵ࡀࡼ࠾ ࡞ࡖࡒࠊධᒷムᩩࡡࢸ࣭ࢰⅤࡢࠉ4.56 Ga ࡡࢮࢠࣞࣤ࠾ࡼኬࡀࡂአࡿ࠷ࡆ࡛࠾ࡼࠉ⾢ᦹንᠺ࡞ ࡻࡾྜྷనమ⣌ࡡᨈࡢ࠷ࡵࡡ࡛⩻࠻ࡼࡿࡾࠊᒷ∞ࡡࣜ࢜ࣛᏋᅹᗐࡢࠉࢤࣤࢺࣚࢹࡡ 30-80 ಶ࡚࠵ ࡾࡆ࡛࠾ࡼࠉ㔔࠷⃨ࣜ࢜ࣛ㞗ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࡆ࡛♟ြࡈࡿࡒࠊ ࣬࣎ࣞ 14 ྒムᩩ࡛ྜྷᵕ࡞᚜㔖ඔ⣪⃨ᗐ㧏ࡂࠉ㞭ࡡᾇᆀᇡ⏜ᮮ࡛⩻࠻ࡼࡿࡾ᭮㝱▴㹃㹌㸶4485 ୯ࡡ Ѹ 58Ѹ ― 62 ― ࢩࣜࢤࣤ࠽ࡻࡦࣁࢸࣛࢹࡡ U-Pb ᖳࢅịࡴࠉᾇࡡℾᒜὩິ௧๑ࡡ࣏ࢡ࣏Ὡິḗࡡ≁ᏽࢅムࡲࡒࠊ 4352Ma ࠾ࡼ 3920Ma ࡡ㛣ࡡ␏ࡾ࡞⏍ᠺࡈࡿࡒࢩࣜࢤࣤ 1 ࡡ㝱▴࡞ྱࡱࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࡆ࡛ࢂ ࠾ࡖࡒࠊࡆࡿࡢ NWA4485 㝱▴㣍ᮮࡊࡒ㞭ࡡᾇᆀᇡ࡚ࠉᾇࡡℾᒜὩິጙࡱࡾ௧๑࡞ࠉ⣑ 4 ൦ᖳࡡ 㛣࡞⇍Ⓩ࣊ࣤࢹ᩷⤾Ⓩ⏍ࡋࡒࡆ࡛ࢅណࡌࡾࠊࡊ࠾ࡊࠉࡆࡿࡼࡡࢩࣜࢤࣤࠉ᭮ࡡහ㒂⇍″࡚㒂ฦ ⁈⼝ࡊࡒ࣏ࢡ࣏㉫″Ὡິࡡ࠾ࠉኬぜᶅ⾢✲⌟㇗࡞ࡻࡾ⾢ᦹ⁈⼝࣒ࣜࢹ㉫″ࡡ࠾࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡢࠉ⌟≟ ࡚ࡢ≁ᏽࡊ㞬࠷ࠊ ࣬ᑚᝠ᫅᥀ᰕᶭࠔࡢࡷࡩࡈ㸧ࠕ࡚┘ᣞࡌࢦࣤࣈࣜࣛࢰ࣭࣐ࣤࢴࢨࣘࣤࡢࠉ㝱▴Ꮥࢅጙࡴ࡛ࡌࡾᝠ᫅∸㈹ ⛁Ꮥࡡᚃࡡ㐅ᒈࡡ㘵࡛ࡾࠊᮇࣈࣞࢩ࢘ࢠࢹ◂✪࡚ࡢࠉ ࠔࡢࡷࡩࡈ㸧ࠕࡡࣈࣛࣈࣞࢩ࢘ࢠࢹ࡞ཤຊࡊࠉ ࢦࣤࣈࣜᅂム㥺ࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊࠔࡢࡷࡩࡈ㸧ࠕࡡᑊ㇗࡛ࡌࡾኮమࡢ C ᆵᑚᝠ࡚᫅࠵ࡽࠉ⅛⣪㈹ࢤࣤࢺࣚ ࢹࡡ౩⤝ኮమ࡛⩻࠻ࡼࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࠊᐁ㥺࡚ࡢࠉࡱࡍࡆࡡᶅ᧻∸㈹ࢅషᠺࡊࡒࠊషᠺࡊࡒᶅ᧻∸㈹ࡡງᏕ ᙁᗐࡡビ౮ࢅ♼ᡖኬᏕࡡᅸ⦨ム㥺ᶭࢅ⏕࠷࡙⾔࠷ࠉ⅛⣪㈹ࢤࣤࢺࣚࢹ࡞㢦జࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ☔ヾࡊࡒࠊࡱ ࡒࠉኬ㜨ኬᏕ࠽ࡻࡦ㧏▩ࢤࢬࣤࢰ࣭ࡡ X ⥲ CT ࡞ࡻࡽහ㒂ࡡᆍ㈹ᛮࢅビ౮ࡊࡒࠊࡆࡡᶅ᧻∸㈹ࢅ⏕࠷ ࡙ࠉムᩩᅂࡡᐁ㥺ࢅ⾔ࡖࡒ࡛ࡆࢀࠉࠔࡢࡷࡩࡈࠕ࡚ᙽࡈࡿࡒࡻࡽࡵኣࡂࡡムᩩᅂず㎰ࡴࡾ ࢂ࠾ࡖࡒࠊ࠽ࠉᖲᠺ 23 ᖳᗐࡻࡽࠔࡢࡷࡩࡈ㸧ࠕࡢ JAXA ࡚ࣈࣞࢩ࢘ࢠࢹࡊࡒࠊ ࣬᚜㝱▴ࡡ୯࡚ࡵࠉኬẴᅥ࡚ࡡධ⁈⼝ࢅඞࡿࡒ᚜㝱▴࡞ྱࡱࡿࡾ࡛ࡄṟࡽ㖌∸࡞╌┘ࡊ࡙ࠉࡐࡡᏕ⤄ ᠺ࡛ṟᏋ⤄⧂ࢅࠉ㝱▴ࡡሔྙ࡛Ẓ㍉ࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊࡆࡡ⤎ᯕࠉ⅛⣪㈹ࢤࣤࢺࣚࢹ࡞㢦జࡌࡾ᚜㝱▴᭩ኣ ࡚⣑ 50%ࢅ༥ࡴࠉḗ࠷࡚ࠉᬉ㏳ࢤࣤࢺࣚࢹ࡞㢦జࡌࡾ᚜㝱▴⣑ 30%࡚࠵ࡖࡒࠊṟࡽࡢ࣏ࣤ࢝ࣤᠺฦ ࡡ㧏࠷࠾ࢆࡼࢆ▴ࡷ Ca ㍜▴࠾ࡼࡾ᚜㝱▴࡚࠵ࡖࡒࠊࡆࡿࡼࡡ᚜㝱▴ࡡリ⣵㖌∸ᏕⓏ࣬ᒷ▴ᏕⓏ ◂✪࠾ࡼኣࡂࡡ▩ずࢅᚋࡒࠊࡆࡡ࣏ࣤ࢝ࣤᠺฦࡡ㧏࠷᚜㝱▴ࡢ㝱▴ࡷᠺᒒᅥཱི࡚ࡈࡿࡾᝠ᫅㛣ሶ࡛ࡊ ཱི࡙࡚ࡀ࠷ࠊࡊࡒࡖ࡙ᴗᆀࡡ᚜㝱▴≁᭯ࡡ⛸࡚࠵ࡾࠊ KP-7 ᮇྚ Ὂୌ ◂✪ㄚ㢗 ᴗᇡ࠾ࡼ᥀ࡾᅖమᆀ⌣ࢱࢻ࣐ࢠࢪ ◂✪㛣 ᖲᠺ 22ࠤ27 ᖳᗐ ᡜහභྜྷ◂✪⩽ Ⓣ▴⾔ࠉ₽ㆺ㞕ࠉ⯢ᮄ ᐹࠉᅰᾀୌ㑳ࠉአ⏛ᬓ༐ࠉ㔘ᑹᨳ⣎ࠉ㔕ᮄ⩇ྍࠉ 㟯ᒜ㞕ୌࠉ᪡ἑ⚵❮ࠉᇷỜ㊨ࠉD.J.Dunkley ᡜአභྜྷ◂✪⩽ ᑚᒜහᗛெࠉ୯㔕ఘᙢࠉ㊂❟㐡᭹ࠉờ⏛ ๙ࠉᐋᮇ▩ࠉ᯾ཋ㞖ᶖࠉ㤷ሔኅኯ㑳ࠉ ኬ⏛ḿ᪺ࠉஞᩌᚷࠉ▴ሪⱝ⏠ࠉᕖᔑᬓబࠉ㝦⏛⚀කࠉἑ୕ူ⏍ࠉᮨ⏛ᘧࠉ M. Satish-Kumarࠉ㇇ᓞ๙ᚷࠉᚷᮟಆࠉᗽ⨶㑝ࠉ᭯㤷 ఫ⸠ ┶ࠉ▴ᕖḿᘧࠉぽ᭨ᨼࠉ ᰿ࠉᅰᒁ⠂ⰶࠉຊࣧᓞួୌࠉ᮶㔕ఘୌ㑳ࠉᆊ୯ఘஒࠉᆟㄌྒྷࠉᮿᓞࠉ ᖲᮿⰃᾀࠉᑚᯐທྒྷࠉ⮳బࠉ㇇ᅗ″▩ࠉᓞ ఘࠉἀ㔕㒋Ꮔࠉ▴ᕖᑠெࠉ ᒜཾໂࠉྞୌᠺࠉ୯ᮟᶖࠉᑚᒜὀᘧࠉ᩺├ᶖࠉ⚗⏛Ὂୌࠉᑚờග᪺ࠉ ኬᮟ ெᩐ 58 ெ ⤊㈕ 5,395 ༐ළ ㄌࠉㆺཾ┷ெࠉờ⏛ ༡ࠉ㟯ᮄ Ⱪ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ᅖమᆀ⌣ࡢࠉὮమᅥ࡛ࡡ࢜ࢴࣈࣛࣤࢡࠉࣈ࣭ࣝࢹࢷࢠࢹࢼࢠࢪࠉ㉰ኬ㝛ࡡᙟᠺࡷฦ➴ࠉᵕࠍ㛣࣬ ✭㛣ࢪࢢ࣭ࣜንິࡡ々ྙమ࡚࠵ࡾࠊࡊࡒࡖ࡙ࠉᅖమᆀ⌣ࡡࢱࢻ࣐ࢠࢪࢅ⌦ゆࡌࡾࡒࡴ࡞ࡢࠉᅖమᆀ ⌣⛁Ꮥ࡞㛭ࢂࡾᵕࠍᑍ㛓ฦ㔕ࢅࡱࡒࡃභྜྷ◂✪ᚪこ࡚࠵ࡾࠊᴗᇡࠉ≁࡞༞ᴗᇡࡢࠉểᗃⲬ㔔ንິ࡞ Ѹ 59Ѹ ― 63 ― ఔ࠹⌟ᅹࡡᆀṾንິ⌟㇗࠾ࡼࠉኬ㝛ࡡᠺ㛏࣬㞫ྙ㞗ᩋ࡛ᆀṾࡡᙟᠺⓆ㐡ྍ࡛࠷ࡖࡒᩐ༎൦ᖳࢪࢢ࣭ࣜࡡ ⌟㇗ࡱ࡚ࠉᵕࠍ㛣࣬✭㛣ࢪࢢ࣭ࣜንິࢅ᭯ࡌࡾᅖమᆀ⌣ࡡࢱࢻ࣐ࢠࢪࢅ⌦ゆࡌࡾ⤧ይࡡሔ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ ᮇ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡚ࡢࠉ⌟ᅹ࠾ࡼᩐ༎൦ᖳࢪࢢ࣭ࣜࡡንິ⌟㇗ࢅ࠷ࠉᅖమᆀ⌣⛁Ꮥ࡞㛭ࡊ࡙ࡵᮅ᥀ᰕࡡ㡷ᇡ ኣࡂṟࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾᴗᇡࡡᅖమᆀ⌣⾪ᒒ࠾ࡼහ㒂ࡱ࡚ࢅ◂✪ᑊ㇗࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉࢡࣞࣁ࣭ࣜᅖమᆀ⌣ࡡࢱ ࢻ࣐ࢠࢪࡡゆ᪺ࢅ┘ᣞࡌࡵࡡ࡚࠵ࡾࠊࡱࡒࠉ௧ୖࡡ 3 ࡗࡡࢦࣇࢷ࣭࣏ࢅシᏽࡊࠉᅖమᆀ⌣ࡡࢱࢻ࣐ࢠ ࢪࡡゆ᪺࡞ᚪこ࡚࠵ࡾࠉῼᆀᏕࠉᆀ㈹Ꮥࠉᆀ⌣Ꮥࠉᆀ㟀Ꮥࡷᅖమᆀ⌣∸⌦Ꮥ➴ࡡᅖమᆀ⌣⛁Ꮥ࡞㛭౿ ࡌࡾᑍ㛓ฦ㔕ᶋ᩷ᆵࡡ◂✪ࢅ᥆㐅ࡌࡾࠊᮇㄚ㢗ࡡࡒࡾ◂✪ᑊ㇗ᇡࡢ༞ᴗᇡ࡛ࡌࡾࠉᴗᇡࡡ◂✪ࡵ ち㔕࡞ථࡿ◂✪ࢅ㐅ࡴࡾࠊ ◂✪⤊㐛࡛ᠺᯕ ࣏࣭ࢷࣇࢦۋ㸦㸯⌟ᅹࡡᴗᇡࡡᆀṾንິ࡛හ㒂ᵋ㏸ ᅗ㝷ᴗᖳࡡ᮶༞ᴗහ㝛ࡡᆀ⌣∸⌦ᏕⓏ◂✪࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉAntarctica‘s Gamburtsev Province (AGAP))ᐁ᪃ࡈ ࡿࡒࠊࡐࡡ 1 ࣂ࣭ࢹ࡚࠵ࡾ GAMSEIS ࡚ࡢࠉ࢝ࣤࣇࣜࢵ࢘ࣆᒜ⬞㸝 Gamburtsev Subglacial Mountains; GSM) ࢅ୯ᚨ࡛ࡊࡒᗀ⠂ᅑ㡷ᇡ࡞ᗀᖈᇡᆀ㟀゛ࢅᩐ༎Ⅴᒈ㛜ࡊࡒࠊ1 ᖳ㛣ࡡิࢸ࣭ࢰࡡࡲᅂࡊࠉ⌟ᅹࡵ ୌ㒂びῼⅤࡢ⤽⤾୯࡚࠵ࡾࠊGAMSEIS ࡚ᚋࡼࡿࡒ㐪ᆀᆀ㟀ࡡ S ἴࣝࢨ࣭ࣁ㛭ᩐゆᯊ࠾ࡼࡢࠉGSM ├ୖ ࡡᆀṾࡡཉ 55ࠤ58kmࠉࡐࡡ࿔㎮ᇡ࡚ 40ࠤ45km ࡛ᚋࡼࡿࡒ㸝Hansen et al., 2010, E.P.S.L㸞ࠊࡆࡿࡼࡢࠉ GSM ࡡ㧏࠷ᵾ㧏ࢅർࡌࡾࡒࡴ࠾ࡗ࡙ࡡ⾢✲ᖈ㸝㏸ᒜᖈ㸞ࢅ♟ြࡌࡾࠔኬ㝛ࡡ᰷㸝Crustal Root㸞ࠕࡡᏋ ᅹࢅណࡌࡾࠊࡱࡒࠉ⾪㟻ἴ࡞ࡻࡾ᭩୕㒂࣏ࣤࢹࣜࡡ㧏㏷ᗐࡡᏋᅹࡷࠉTAMSEIS ࡚ᚋࡼࡿࡒࣜࢠ ࢪࣚࣤࢺࡡᆀṾᵋ㏸࠾ࡼࡡᘇ㛏࡛ࡵㄢⓏ࡚࠵ࡾࠊࡱࡒࠉJARE ࢹࣚࣁ࣭ࢪ㝪࡞ࡻࡾἚᓃࠤࢺ࣭࣑ F ࡱ ࡚ࡡ㔔ງ␏ᖏ㸝ࠤ-200mgal ௧ୖ㸞࠾ࡼ᥆ᏽࡈࡿࡒ࣓࣌㟻ᗐ㸝ࢺ࣭࣑ F ୖ࡚ࠉ48km, Kanao et al., 1994ࠉ ) ࡛ࡵᩒྙࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡱࡒࠉSEAL ゛⏤࡚ᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࡲࡍ㧏ཋ࡚ࡡ㒂ᆀ㟀᥀ᰕࡡཬᑏ᩷㟻ࡡ᭩⤂⤎ ᯕࢅ Tectonophysics ࡞Ⓠ⾪ࡊࡒ㸝Kanao et al., 2010㸞ࠊࡈࡼ࡞ࠉᇱᆀࡡ 21 ᖳ㛣ࡡ㐪ᆀᆀ㟀ㄖࡲཱིࡽࢸ ࣭ࢰࢅ⏕࠷࡙ࠉ᳠▩⋙ࡡ㛣᥆⛛࡛✭㛣ฦᕱ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙⩻ᐳࡊࡒ㸝Kanao, 2010, Antarctic Record㸞ࠊࡐࡡࠉ JARE ࡷᅗ㝷භྜྷ◂✪࡚ࡡࢸ࣭ࢰゆᯊࢅࠉᅗහአࡡභྜྷ◂✪⩽࡛༝ງࡊࡗࡗ⢥ງⓏ࡞㐅ࡴ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ ࣏࣭ࢷࣇࢦۋ㸧㸯ᴗᇡ࠾ࡼ᥀ࡾኬ㝛࡛ᾇὊࡡ㐅 ᮇᖳᗐࠉ௧ୖࡡ◂✪㡧┘ࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊ ࣬≁௴◂✪ဤࡡࢱࣤࢠ࣭ࣛ㸝ୌ⯙◂✪びῼࣈࣞࢩ࢘ࢠࢹ㸶㹅㸧㸨ࡡୌ⎌࡛ࡊ࡙㸞ࠉࡼࡦ࡞ࠉ༐ⴝኬᏕ ኬᏕ㝌⏍ࡡຊ⸠㸝⛁◂㈕ຐ㔘࣬ᇱ┑◂✪㸝㸷㸞 㸝⾪⩽㸯Ⓣ▴㸞ࡡୌ⎌࡛ࡊ࡙㸞ࡡ୦ྞ➠ 52 ḗびῼ 㝪࡞ཤຊࡊ࡙ࠉ༞ᴗࣛࣖࢵ࢚࣑࣬࣌ࣜᒷమ࡞࠽࠷࡙ᆀ㈹ㄢᰕࢅ࠽ࡆࡖࡒࠊࡐࡡᠺᯕ࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉぽ㛕ᒷ┞ ࠾ࡼ㉰㧏Ὼንᠺ┞ࡱ࡚ࡡᗀ࠷ንᠺ㡷ᇡ࡚ࡡ⣌⤣Ⓩንᙟᵋ㏸ࡡ⢥ᰕ࡛ᖳῼᏽムᩩ⏕ࡡཱིࠉࡱࡒࡆࡡ ᆀᇡ࡞≁ᚡⓏ࢜ࣜࢠࢨࣛࢢ࣭ࢹࡷࢲࣔࢿࢴ࢜ࢹࡡ㧏Ὼንᠺష⏕ࡡ∸㈹⛛ິ࣒࢜ࢼࢫ࣑ࢅゆ ᪺ࡌࡾࡒࡴࡡムᩩびᐳཱི࡛Ᏸࡊࠉᚃཱིムᩩࡡゆᯊࢅࡌࡌࡴࡾᏽ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ ࣬ࣛࣖࢵ࢚࣑࣬࣌ࣜᒷమࡡ㹈㸽㹇㸾㹂㹅ᖳῼᏽ࡚ᚋࡼࡿࡒࢸ࣭ࢰࢅࡵ࡛࡞ࠉ㧏Ὼንᠺᒷ୯ࡡࢩࣜࢤࣤ ࡡᣪິ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡡ᳠ゞࢅ࠽ࡆ࠷ࠉ⡷ᅗࢿࢴࢠࢪࣄ࡚ࣜ㛜തࡈࡿࡒ Goldschmidt ᅗ㝷ఌ㆗ࠉ࠽ࡻࡦࠉ ᮇᆀ㈹Ꮥఌᖳఌ㸝ᐣᒜኬᏕ㸞࡞࠽࠷࡙◂✪Ⓠ⾪ࢅ࠽ࡆࡖࡒࠊ ࣬ࢻࣅᒷమࣆࣆࣃࣜࢫࡼࡦ࡞࣏ࣤࢹࢠࣞࢿࢪ࡚᩺ࡒ࡞ᚋࡼࡿࡒ㹈㸽㹇㸾㹂㹅ᖳࢅࡵ࡛࡞ࠉ ࡆࡡᆀᇡࡡኯཿࡡᆀṾ㐅࡞ࡗ࠷࡙᳠ゞࡊࠉ ㇞ᅗࣂ࣭ࢪ࡚㛜തࡈࡿࡒ➠ 5 ᅂᅗ㝷ኯཿࢨࣤ࣎ࢩ࣑ࠉ ࠽ࡻࡦࠉᮇᆀ⌣ᝠ᫅㏻ྙኬఌ㸝ᖞᘿ࣒ࢴࢬ㸞࡚◂✪Ⓠ⾪ࢅ࠽ࡆࡖࡒࠊ ࣬ࢬ࣭ࣜࣞࣤࢱ࣭ࢾᒜᆀᆀᇡ࡚ྙྜྷㄢᰕࢅ࠽ࡆࡖࡒ࣭࡛࣊ࣜ࢟ࡡ◂✪༝ງࡡᡬࡔྙࢂࡎࢅࣇࣛࣖࢴࢬ Ѹ 60Ѹ ― 64 ― ࡚ࣜ࠽ࡆࡖࡒࠊ ࣬༞ᴗᆀ㈹◂✪㞗ఌࢅ༐ⴝኬᏕ࡛ྙྜྷ࡚㬖ᕖᕰࡡ༐ⴝኬᏕ᪃シ࡚㛜തࡊࡒࠊ ཱི࣬ࡊࡒᒷ▴ムᩩࢅಕ⟮ࡌࡾࡒࡴࡡシങࡡᩒങࢅ࠽ࡆࡖࡒࠊ ࣬๑ᖳᗐ༞ࣤࢺὊ࡚ᐁ᪃ࡈࡿࡒⓉ㫽୷⯗ᾇ࠽ࡻࡦࡊࡼࡎ࡚ᚋࡼࡿࡒᾇᗇᆀᙟࠉᆀ☚Ẵ࠽ࡻࡦ㔔ງ␏ᖏ ࢸ࣭ࢰࡡゆᯊࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊࡈࡼ࡞ࠉᮇᖳᗐࡢࠉⓉ㫽୷ KH-10-7 ⯗ᾇ࡞ཤຊࡊࠉ༞ࣤࢺὊࢤࣤࣚࢴࢺ࣬ࣚ ࢫ㎾എࡡࠉᒷ▴ཱི࠽ࡻࡦᅖమᆀ⌣∸⌦びῼࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊࡆࡡ⯗ᾇ࡚ࡢࠉᒷ▴ムᩩࢅྱࡴࠉኬ㝛ฦ࡞ 㛭㏻ࡌࡾࢤࣤࣚࢴࢺ࣬ࣚࢫࡡᠺᅄࢅゆ᪺ࡌࡾࡒࡴࡡᇱ♇࡛ࡾࢸ࣭ࢰࢅᚋࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࡀࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉ࢙ ࣤࢱࣄ࣭ࣚࣤࢺࡡ࣭ࣛࢬࣜࣚࣜࢬࣤᒜཱི࡚ࡈࡿࡒཿᆀ☚Ẵゆᯊ⏕ᒷ▴ムᩩࡡ K-Ar ᖳῼᏽࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࠉ ⣑ 20 ൦ᖳ๑ᚃࡡᖳࢅᚋࡒࠊࡆࡿ࡞ࡻࡽᚋࡼࡿࡒᖳ࡛ཿᆀ☚Ẵᴗ࡛ࡡ㛭㏻ࢅ᳠ゞࡊࡒࠊ ࣏࣭ࢷࣇࢦۋ㸨㸯᥀ᰕ㡷ᇡᣉኬࡡࡒࡴࡡࣈࣚࢴࢹࣆ࢚࣭࣑㛜Ⓠ ↋ெ⯗✭ᶭ Ant-Plane6-2ࠉ6-3ࠉ࠽ࡻࡦ 6-4 ྒᶭࡡ㞫╌㝛⨠ࡡᨭⰃࠉ⇖ᩩࢰࣤࢠࡡኬᆵࠉࣂࣚࢨࣖ ࣭ࢹࣀࢴࢲࡡᨭⰃࢅ⾔࠷ࠉ᰷ฺᕖἑᕖᩔ࡚⮤ິ㣍⾔ᐁ㥺ࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊࡆࡡ⤎ᯕࠉ࠷ࡍࡿࡡᶭమ࡛ࡵ㏷ 100km ࡚ 5 㛣ࡡ㣍⾔࡚ࡀࡾࡻ࠹࡞ࡖࡒࠊࡆࡡ⤎ᯕࠉᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ࡛ஐᕗኬᏕ㛜Ⓠࡊࡒᶭమ࡚ࠉ㛏 㛣✭୯☚Ẵびῼྊ⬗࡞ࡖࡒࠊ KP-8 ᮟ ᬓ ◂✪ㄚ㢗 ⎌ሾንິ࡞ᑊࡌࡾᴗᇡ⏍∸ࡡ⏍ឺⓏᚺ➽ࣈࣞࢬࢪࡡ◂✪ ◂✪㛣 ᖲᠺ 22ࠤ27 ᖳᗐ ᡜහභྜྷ◂✪⩽ ᕝ⸠ ᰜࠉ㧏ᶣ࿔ࠉහ⏛㞖ᕤࠉῳ㎮బᇱࠉ♼⏛ၤྍࠉ⏛㑌⏜㈏Ꮔࠉᅢฦரᙢ ᡜአභྜྷ◂✪⩽ ⚗ Ꮥࠉහ⏛᪸⏠ࠉ୕ḿ㕪ࠉ᮶ᱼඔࠉኬⷭྒྷࠉኬㆺಞྒྷࠉ㝙ᒜࠉ 㛏 Ẇࠉ୯ᆟᏏࠉᆊᮇኯ㑳ࠉఫ⸠ගᩝࠉ⥝㈇ ெᩐ 20 ெ ⤊㈕ 2,500 ༐ළ ㇇ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ༞ᴗࡡ㝛୕⎌ሾ࡞ࡢࠉ㝛୕ࢅ⦶Ṣࡡሔ࡛ࡊฺ࡙⏕ࡌࡾᾇὊኬᆵິ∸ࡡႜࡲࠉ࠽ࡻࡦࡐࡡཚࡊ࠷⎌ሾࢅ ⏍Ὡࡡሔ࡛ࡌࡾ㝛୕ິ᳔∸ࡡႜࡲずࡼࡿࡾࠊࡆࡿࡼࡢῺ࡛ஜ⇩࡛࠷࠹⏍∸࡞࡛ࡖ࡙ࡀࢂࡴ࡙㐛㓖 ༞ᴗ⎌ሾ࡞㐲ᚺࡊࠉࡐࡆ࡞༟⣟ࡼ∸㈹ᚘ⎌⣌ࢅషࡽฝࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ ᮇࣈࣞࢩ࢘ࢠࢹ࡚ࡢ௧ୖࡡࢦࣇࢷ࣭࣏ࢅシࡄࠉࡐࡿࡑࡿ࡞┘Ⓩࢅシᏽࡌࡾࠊ 㸝㸦㸞ᴗᇡኬᆵິ∸ࡡ⾔ິ⏍ឺ㸯 ⦶Ṣ㛣୯(ኚ)ࡡᾇể≟Ἓ࡛࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤࡡ㞗ᅆ࡚ࣝ࣊ࣜࡡ㣭⾔ິࡷ ⦶Ṣᠺ⦴࡛ࡡ㛭౿ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࠊࡱࡒࠉ⦶Ṣ⤂ᚃ࠾ࡼ⩛ᖳࡡ⦶Ṣ㛜ጙࡱ࡚ࡡ㛣㸝⚽ࠉࠉ᫋㸞ࡡ ࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤࡡ⾔ິ࣬⏍ឺ࡛ࠉࡡᾇể≟Ἓ࡛ࡡ㛭౿ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࠊ 㸝㸧㸞༞ᴗ㝛୕⏍ឺ⣌࡞࠽ࡄࡾ∸㈹ᚘ⎌㸯 ኬᆵິ∸࡞ࡻࡾᾇὊ࡚ࡡ㣭⾔ິ࡞⏜ᮮࡌࡾ㝛୕⏍ឺ⣌ ࡡ᭯ᶭ∸࣬ᰜ㣬ሲࡡ⛛㏞ࠉ㝛୕⏍ឺ⣌≺⮤ࡡ✽⣪ᅖᏽࠉ㝛୕⏍ឺ⣌හ࡚ࡡ∸㈹ᚘ⎌⣌ࢅࠉ⏍⌦⏍ឺᏕⓏ ᡥἪ࡞ࡻࡖ࡙ฦᯊࡊࠉ༞ᴗἚᓃ⏍ឺ⣌ࡡᵋ㏸ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࠊ 㸝㸨㸞༞ᴗ㝛୕⏍ឺ⣌ࡡ⏍∸ኣᵕᛮ㸯 ᴗᆀࡡཚࡊ࠷⎌ሾ࡞⏍⫩ࡌࡾࢤࢢ㢦ࠉᆀ⾨㢦ࠉ᚜ᑚິ∸㢦ࠉ᚜ ⏍∸㢦ࡡ⏍∸ኣᵕᛮࢅリ⣵࡞ฦᯊࡊࠉࡆࡡ⏍ឺ⣌ࢅᵋᠺࡌࡾ⏍∸┞ࡡධమാࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࠊ 㸝㸩㸞ኬぜᶅᆀ⌣⎌ሾንິ࡞ᑊࡌࡾ༞ᴗ⏍ឺ⣌ࡡᚺ➽ᶭᵋ㸯 ࢸ࣭ࣛ࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤࡡమᩐ࣓ࢼࢰࣛࣤࢡ ࢸ࣭ࢰࠉࣗ࢞ࢺࣛἉࡡ᳔⏍࣓ࢼࢰࣛࣤࢡエ㘋࠾ࡼࠉᴗᇡ࡞࠽ࡄࡾᆀ⌣ぜᶅࡡ⎌ሾንິࢅゆᯊࡌࡾࠊࡱࡒࠉ Ѹ 61Ѹ ― 65 ― ᇱᆀ࿔㎮ࡡᅰቫ᚜⏍∸࣓ࢼࢰࣛࣤࢡࢸ࣭ࢰࡻࡽࠉெ㛣⎌ሾࡡᙫ㡢ࢅゆᯊࡌࡾࠊ ◂✪⤊㐛࡛ᠺᯕ 㸝㸦㸞ᴗᇡኬᆵິ∸ࡡ⾔ິ⏍ឺ㸯ᖳᗐࡢࡱࡍࠉࡆࡿࡱ࡚࡞ᚋࡼࡿ࡙࠷ࡒ࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤ㢦ࠉᾇ㫵㢦ࠉᾇ⏍ဳ 㢦ࡡࢸ࣭ࢰࢬࢴࢹࢅゆᯊࡊࠉᾇὊ⎌ሾฺ⏕ࡷᾇὊ⎌ሾࡡ㐲ᚺ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡡᵕࠍ▩ずࢅᚋ࡙ᠺᯕⓆ⾪ ࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊ≁࡞࣐࣒࢝㢦ࠉᾇ㫵㢦ࠉᾇ⏍ဳ㢦ࡡ㐗ὃ㏷ᗐࡡࢦࢫ౪Ꮛᛮ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ゆᯊࡊࠉࡆࡿࡼ ࡡ₧Ềᛮິ∸ࡡ₧Ề⾔ິࡡࣁ࢛࣒࢜ࢼࢠࢪⓏ㐲ᚺ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ㄵࡋࡒ Watanabe et al. (2011) J. Anim. Ecol. ࡢ Nature ヽ࡞ゆㄕエ࡚ࡾࠉᅗහአ࡚Ἰ┘ࡈࡿࡾᠺᯕ࡛ࡖࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉ➠ 52 ḗびῼ㝪ኚ㝪࡛ࡊ ࡙ 2 ྞᇱᆀ࡞࠽ࡵࡳࡀࠉࢸ࣭ࣛ࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤࡡ⾔ິ࣬⏍ឺㄢᰕࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊ㔕አㄢᰕ⤂ᚃࡡᚋࡼ ࡿࡒࢸ࣭ࢰࡡ࡛ࡽࡱ࡛ࡴ࡞ྡྷࡄࡒୌḗฌ⌦ࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊ 㸝㸧㸞༞ᴗ㝛୕⏍ឺ⣌࡞࠽ࡄࡾ∸㈹ᚘ⎌㸯 ࡆࡿࡱ࡚࡞ᚋࡼࡿࡒムᩩࢅ⏕࠷ࠉ༞ᴗ‘ᗇᛮ⸬㢦࣏ࢴࢹ ࡡකྙᠺὩᛮࠉᙁක㐲ᚺᶭᵋࠉᡬࡔ୕ࡅࡼࡿࡒ⸬㢦࣏ࢴࢹ࿔㎮㝛୕⏍ឺ⣌ࡡᐣᰜ㣬࡞ᐞࡌࡾᶭᵋ ➴ࡡゆᯊ㐅ࡴࡼࡿࡒࠊ 㸝㸨㸞༞ᴗ㝛୕⏍ឺ⣌ࡡ⏍∸ኣᵕᛮ㸯 ࢤࢢᆎහ㒂ᵋ㏸࡞ᑊᚺࡊࡒࣁࢠࢷࣛࡡኣᵕᛮ࡛ฦᕱࠉࡐࡡ ⏍⌦Ὡᛮ࣒࢜ࢼࢫ࣑ࡡ◂✪㐅ࡴࡼࡿࠉࢤࢢᆎ⏍ឺ⣌࡛ࡵゕ࠹ࡀ࣓ࢸࣜᥞ၌ࡈࡿࡒࠊᵋᠺࢤࢢ᳔ ∸ࡡฦᏄ⣌⤣ᏕⓏゆᯊࡢ⤂ࡊࠉ㝛୕ᛮࡡࢤࢢ᳔∸ࢅྱࡴ࡙ኬᖕฦ㢦మ⣌ࡡ්⥽㐅ࡴࡼࡿ࡙࠷ ࡾࠊ 㸝㸩㸞ኬぜᶅᆀ⌣⎌ሾንິ࡞ᑊࡌࡾ༞ᴗ⏍ឺ⣌ࡡᚺ➽ᶭᵋ㸯51 ḗ㉲㝪࡞ࡻࡾࣛࣖࢵ࢚࣑࣬࣌ࣜࡡ ࢸ࣭ࣛ࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤࡡమᩐ࢜ࣤࢹࢸ࣭ࢰࡡᩒ⌦ཱི࣬ࡽࡱ࡛ࡴࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊࡱࡒࡆࡿࡱ࡚࡞ᚋࡼࡿ࡙࠷ࡾ మᩐ࣓ࢼࢰࣛࣤࢡࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ࢛࣭ࢪࢹ࣓࣭ࣚࣛࢮࣤᇱᆀ࣬ࢸ࣭ࣄࢪᇱᆀ࣬ࢢ࣭ࢨ࣭ᇱᆀ࡞࠽ࡄࡾࢸ࣭ ࢰ࡛භ㏳ࡊࡒᡥἪ࡚ゆᯊࢅ⾔࠹ࡒࡴࠉࢸ࣭ࢰࣆ࢚࣭࣏ࢴࢹࡡᩒ⌦ࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊᖲᠺ 23 ᖳᗐ௧㜾ࠉ ࢛࣭ࢪࢹࣚࣛ༞ᴗᑻࡡ Colin Southwell ༡ኃࠉLouise Emmerson ༡ኃࡼ࡛භྜྷ࡚ゆᯊࢅ㐅ࡴ࡙࠷ࡂ゛⏤ ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ㝛୕⏍ឺ⣌࣓ࢼࢰࣛࣤࢡࢸ࣭ࢰ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡢࠉࢤࢺ࣭ࣚࢹ⏤ാࢸ࣭ࢰࡡ࡛ࡽࡱ࡛ࡴ⤂ࡊࠉ WEB ප㛜ࡡ‵ങ㐅ࡴࡼࡿࡒࠊᅰቫࣁࢠࢷࣛࠉ‘ࢸ࣭ࢰ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡢࢸ࣭ࢰࡡ࡛ࡽࡱ࡛ࡴࢅ㐅ࡴ࡙ ࠷ࡾࠊ KP-9 ᐋᒱ Ᏻ ◂✪ㄚ㢗 EISCAT ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࡼࡦ࡞ᆀ୕ᣈⅤびῼ࡞ᇱࡘࡂᴗᅥ㉰㧏ᒒ࣬୯ᒒኬẴࡡᅗ㝷භྜྷ◂✪ ◂✪㛣 ᖲᠺ 22ࠤ27 ᖳᗐ ᡜහභྜྷ◂✪⩽ ᑚᕖὀಘࠉఫ⸠ኚ㞕ࠉᒜᓃ㞕ࠉ୯ᮟ༜ྒྷࠉ㛓ಲ ࠉላ 㞖ᇱࠉ⾔ᮿ ᙪࠉ ᒱ⏛㞖ᶖࠉෞᕖႌᘧࠉ⏛୯Ⰳ᪸ࠉ㯖⏍Ṃᙢ ᡜአභྜྷ◂✪⩽ 㕝ᮄ ⮟ࠉᰡཋ⣟ୌࠉᒱ㔕❮ୌࠉᆊ㔕ࠉ⸠ཋ ఫ⸠⏜ࠉᖲཋ⪯ᩝࠉ㜷㒂⌮⨶ࠉᩢ⸠⩇ᩝࠉ⏛ཾ ᆍࠉᑚ㔕㧏ᖶࠉᅰᒁྍ⣎ࠉ ⪵ࠉ⣵ᕖᩏ♰ࠉ⏛ཾ ┷ࠉ ⸠Ⰳୌࠉሲᕖኰࠉ㔕⃕ᚠࠉኬᒜఘୌ㑳ࠉ⏛༜㞕ࠉኬሪ㞕ୌࠉᐓ⏛❮ḿࠉ 㰳⸠์ࠉྚᕖ㢟ḿࠉᑚᕖᚽᙢ ெᩐ 36 ெ ⤊㈕ 3,645 ༐ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ᅗ❟ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜࡢ 1996 ᖳ࡞ᮇࡡ⾪ᶭ㛭࡛ࡊ࡙Ḛᕗ㟸ᖱῦᩋ㸝EISCAT㸞⛁Ꮥ༝ఌ࡞ḿᘟຊ┍ࡊࠉ Ѹ 62Ѹ ― 66 ― ࢪ࢜ࣤࢩࢻࣄ༖ᓞ㒂࠽ࡻࡦࢪ࣭ࣥࣜࣁࣜࡡ㟸ᖱῦᩋ㸝IS㸞࣭ࣝࢱ࣭࡛ᆀ୕びῼᣈⅤࢅ୯ᚨ࡞ࠉ ALIS㸝࢛࣭ࣞࣚኬぜᶅ᧔ാࢨࢪࢷ࣑㸞゛⏤ࠉCLUSTER࣬ࡿ࠷ࡴ࠷⾠᫅ࠉICI-2࣬DELTA-1/2 ࣞࢢࢴࢹ࡛ ࡡභྜྷびῼࢅྱࡳࠉᩐኣࡂࡡᅗ㝷භྜྷ◂✪ࢅᮇࡡභྜྷ◂✪⩽࡛࡛ࡵ࡞✒ᴗⓏ࡞᥆㐅ࡊ࡙ࡀࡒࠊ ᮇ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡚ࡢࠉࡆ࠹ࡊࡒᐁ⦴ࢅ㊻ࡱ࠻࡙ࠉᅗ㝷භྜྷ◂✪ࢅ࣭࣊ࢪ࡞ࠔኯ㝟Ὡິᴗኬࢅ㎼࠻࡙ቌኬࡌ ࡾኯ㝟㢴㞹☚࢙ࢾ࣭ࣜ࢟ࡡὮථࡵࡒࡼࡌ☚Ẵᅥ࣬㞹㞫ᅥ࣬⇍ᅥࡼࡦ࡞୯ᒒኬẴࡡࣤࣂࢠࢹ࡛ࡐ ࡿ࡞㉫ᅄࡌࡾᵕࠍᚺ➽⌟㇗ࢅᏽ㔖Ⓩ࠾ࡗ㧏⢥ᗐ࡞᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࠕࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡌࡾࠊࡱࡒࠉ࣓ࢸࣛ ࣤࢡ࣬ࢨ࣐࣭ࣖࣝࢨࣘࣤ◂✪ࢡ࣭ࣜࣈ࡛㏻ᦘࢅᅒࡽࠉࡆ࠹ࡊࡒ⌟㇗ࡡ∸⌦ࣈࣞࢬࢪࡷ࣒࢜ࢼࢫ࣑ࢅ✪᪺ ࡌࡾࠊࡈࡼ࡞ࠉEISCAT_3DࠉSIOS Ḛࢅ୯ᚨ࡞᳠ゞ㐅ࡴࡼࡿ࡙࠷ࡾᴗᅥ࡞࠽ࡄࡾḗኬᆵ゛ ⏤ࡡཤຊࡵᮇ◂✪ࡡ㔔こㄚ㢗࡛ࡊ࡙ᣪࡅࡼࡿࡾࠊᮇ◂✪࡚ࡡරమⓏ◂✪ㄚ㢗ࡢࠉ௧ୖࡡ 4 ࡗ࡞ࡱ ࡛ࡴࡼࡿࡾࠊ ㄚ㢗 1. EISCAT ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭࡛ᆀ୕ᣈⅤびῼࠉࣞࢢࢴࢹ࣬⾠᫅භྜྷびῼ࡞ࡻࡾ☚ẴᅥѸ 㞹㞫ᅥѸ ⇍ᅥ⤎ྙ㐛 ⛤ࡡ◂✪ ࡆࡿࡱ࡚㔔ⅤⓏභྜྷびῼࢅᐁ᪃ࡊ࡙ࡀࡒࠉEISCAT ࡛ࡿ࠷ࡴ࠷⾠᫅ࠉᆀ୕㞹ἴ࣬කᏕびῼ࡞ࡻࡾභ ྜྷ◂✪ࢅᘤࡀ⤾ࡀᐁ᪃ࡊࠉ࢜ࢪࣈ㡷ᇡ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ㞹㞫ᅥࢱࢻ࣐ࢠࢪࠉ⬞ິ࢛࣭ࣞࣚࢅྱࡳ⛸࢛࣭ࣞࣚ ⌟㇗ࡡ⏍ᠺᶭᵋཀྵࡦ࢛࣭ࣞࣚ㞹ἴᨲᑏࡷࢨࣤࢲ࣭ࣝࢨࣘࣤ⌟㇗࡛ࡡᅄᯕ㛭౿ࠉᴗᇡ㞹㞫ᅥ࠾ࡼࡡኬ ẴὮฝ⌟㇗ࡡ⏍ᠺᶭᵋࡡゆ᪺ࢅ┘ᣞࡌࠊࡐࡡභྜྷびῼࡡ⤊㥺ࢅᇱ࡞ࠉ᩺ࡒ࡞ ePOP/CASSIOPE ⾠᫅࠽ࡻ ࡦ SWARM ⾠᫅ࡡ㞹㞫ᅥ㣍⩟⾠᫅ࢅྱࡴࡒභྜྷびῼࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࠉኯ㝟㢴࣬☚Ẵᅥ࠾ࡼࡡࣈࣚࢫ࣏ཀྵࡦ ࢙ࢾ࣭ࣜ࢟Ὦථ࡞ᑊࡌࡾᴗᇡ㞹㞫ᅥ࣬⇍ᅥࡡᚺ➽ࢅびῼⓏ࡞᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࠊࡈࡼ࡞ࠉ⬞ິ࢛࣭ࣞࣚࢅ◂ ✪ᑊ㇗࡛ࡊࡒࣞࢢࢴࢹභྜྷびῼࢅ᥆㐅ࡊࠉࣞࢢࢴࢹ࡞ࡻࡾ㧏㛣ฦゆ⬗ࡡ⢇Ꮔ࣬ἴິびῼ࡛ࠉᆀ୕࠾ࡼ ࡡ㧏㛣࣬㧏✭㛣ฦゆ⬗ࡡකᏕびῼࢅ⤄ࡲྙࢂࡎࡾࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡽࠉ࢛࣭ࣞࣚࡡ㧏㏷᚜⣵ࢪࢢ࣭ࣜᵋ㏸ࢅష ࡽฝࡌ∸⌦㐛⛤ࡡゆ᪺ࢅ┘ᣞࡌࠊࡱࡒࠉഁࡡᴗᇡ࢜ࢪࣈ୕✭ 1000 km ㎾࡞࠽ࡄࡾ㞹㞫ᅥ࢛ࣤࡡຊ ㏷࣬Ὦฝ⌟㇗ࢅࠉἴິ⢇Ꮔ┞பష⏕゛ῼ⨠࠽ࡻࡦ㉰㧏㛣ฦゆ⬗㞹Ꮔ࢛࣬ࣤ゛ῼ⨠ࢅྱࡳࣞࢢࢴ ࢹᦒ㍍びῼ⨠࡞ࡻࡾ├゛ῼ࡛ࠉEISCAT ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ཀྵࡦᆀ୕කᏕびῼࢅ⥪ྙⓏ࡞ᐁ᪃ࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡚ゆ᪺ ࡌࡾࠊ ㄚ㢗 2. ᴗᇡࡡୖ㒂⇍ᅥѸ ୯㛣ᅥ⤎ྙ࡛୯ᛮኬẴࢱࢻ࣐ࢠࢪࡡ◂✪ ᴗᇡࡡ㉰㧏ᒒ࣬୯ᒒኬẴࡢࠉ࢛࣭ࣞࣚ⌟㇗࡞⾪ࡈࡿࡾኯ㝟㢴㞹☚࢙ࢾ࣭ࣜ࢟ࡡ୕࠾ࡼࡡἸථ࡛ࠉୖ ᒒኬẴ࡚⏍ᠺࡈࡿࡒ⛸ኬẴἴິࡡ୕᪁ఎᦑ࡞ࡻࡾୖ࠾ࡼࡡ࢙ࢾ࣭ࣜ࢟࣬㐘ິ㔖㍲㏞࡛࠷ࡖࡒࠉཫ᪁࠾ ࡼࡡᙫ㡢ࢅᙁࡂུࡄࡾࠊࡐࡿࡼࡡᏽ㔖Ⓩビ౮ࡡࡒࡴࠉ᭩㎾ᵋ⠇ࡈࡿࡒ༞ 1000 km ௧୕࡞࠽ࡻࡩᴗᇡ ࡡὮ࣭᫅ࣝࢱ࣭びῼ⥑࡞ࡻࡾኬぜᶅኬẴ⌟㇗ࡡびῼ◂✪ࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࠉࡈࡼ࡞᚜ᑚࢪࢢ࣭ࣜࡡኬẴἴິ⌟ ㇗ࡡ◂✪࡞᭯ຝኬẴක࣒࣭ࢩࣤࢡびῼࢅ᩺ࡒ࡞ຊ࠻ࡒ┞Ⓩびῼࢅ㛜ጙࡌࡾࠊ࣒࣭ࢩࣤࢡびῼ ࠾ࡼࡢࠉ୯࣬⦃ᗐ࡚ࡵずࡼࡿࡾ㢴㏷ࡷῺᗐሔࡡ㕼├ࢨ࣭Ꮽᏽ࡞ࡻࡽ⏍ࡋࡾἴ㛏ᩐ km ࡡἴᵋ㏸ ࡡびῼ࡞ຊ࠻ࠉᴗᇡ≁᭯ࡡ࢛࣭ࣞࣚ⢇ᏄὮථ࡞ఔ࠹ຊ⇍࡞ࡻࡽ⏍ᠺࡈࡿࡾᑻᡜⓏᏭᏽ㡷ᇡࡡびῼ ࡵᙽࡈࡿࡾࠊኬẴකࡷ࢛࣭ࣞࣚࡡḗඔฦᕱ࡛ࠉ⛸࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࡷකᏕびῼ࠾ࡼᚋࡼࡿࡾ࢛࣭ࣞࣚ⢇Ꮔ ࡡ㧏ᗐฦᕱࢅ⤄ࡲྙࢂࡎࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࠉ࢛࣭࡛ࣞࣚኬẴἴິ࡛ࡡ㛭㏻ࢅ 3 ḗඔⓏ࡞ᤂ࠻ࠉࡐࡡᥝാࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾ ࡞ࡌࡾࠊࡱࡒୖᒒኬẴ࠾ࡼ㞹㞫ኬẴ࡞࠷ࡒࡾ㡷ᇡࡢࠉᠺᒒᅥ✲↓᪴Ὼ⌟㇗࡞⾪ࡈࡿࡾࡻ࠹࡞ᐠ ࡗࡽࢅᣚࡗࠊࡐࡡ⤎ྙ㐛⛤࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ୖエࡡㄚ㢗 3 ࡛ెࡎ࡙◂✪ࢅ㐅ࡴࡾࠊ ㄚ㢗 3. EISCAT 㛏࣬㏻⤾びῼࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪࡡᩒങ࡛ࡐࡿ࡞ᇱࡘࡂ㧏⦃ᗐ㞹㞫ᅥࡡ⥪ྙゆᯊ Ѹ 63Ѹ ― 67 ― ᅗ㝷ᴗᖳ㸝IPY㸞ࡡ࣭࢞ࣔࣤ࣋ࣤびῼࡡୌ⎌࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉ2007 ᖳ 3 ᭮ 1 ࠾ࡼ 2008 ᖳ 2 ᭮ 28 ࡱ࡚ࡡ 1 ᖳ㛣ࠉEISCAT ࢪ࣭ࣥࣜࣁ࣭ࣜࣝࢱ࣭㸝ESR㸞࡞ࡻࡾᴗᇡ㞹㞫ᅥࡡ㏻⤾びῼᐁ᪃ࡈࡿࡒࠊࡆࡡ ESR ㏻⤾ཀྵࡦᆍୌびῼࢸ࣭ࢰࢬࢴࢹࢅ⏕࠷࡙ࠉ࢜ࢪࣈཀྵࡦᴗᇡ㞹㞫ᅥ࡞࠽ࡄࡾᵕࠍ∸⌦⌟㇗ࡡ⤣゛Ⓩ ◂✪ཀྵࡦᩐೋ࣓ࢸ࡛ࣜࡡẒ㍉◂✪ࢅ⾔࠹ࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡽࠉᴗᇡ⇍ᅥ࣬㞹㞫ᅥ࡞࠽ࡄࡾኬẴ㐘ິࡷ࢙ࢾ࣭ࣜ࢟ ᨥࡡ⌦ゆࢅ┘ᣞࡌࠊࡈࡼ࡞ࠉࡆࡡ ESR ࡡ 1 ᖳ㛣㏻⤾びῼࢸ࣭ࢰࢅྱࡴࡒࠉ㐛ཡ 20 ᖳ௧୕࡞ῳࡾ EISCAT びῼ࡚ᚋࡼࡿࡒࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ්ฌ⌦࣬ᩒങࡊࠉ㈹ࡡ㧏࠷ࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪࡷ࣭ࣗࢧ࣭ࣤࢰ࣭ࣆ࣭࢘ࢪࢅషᠺ࣬ ᵋ⠇ࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡽࠉᴗᇡ㞹㞫ᅥࡡ㛏ࢹࣝࣤࢺࢅྱࡳ㉰㧏ᒒࡡẴುንິࡷኬẴ⎌ሾࡡን㐼࡞㛭ࡌࡾ ᵕࠍ᩺ࡊ࠷▩ずࢅ┘ᣞࡌࠊ ㄚ㢗 4. Ḛ࡞࠽ࡄࡾḗኬᆵᅗ㝷ࣈࣞࢩ࢘ࢠࢹ㸝EISCAT_3D ࡷ SIOS ゛⏤㸞ࡡཤຊ EISCAT_3D ゛⏤ࡢࠉࢪ࢜ࣤࢩࢻࣄ༖ᓞ㒂࡞᭩❻ࡡࣆ࣭࢘ࢫࢺࣝᘟࣤࢷࢻࢅシ⨠ࡌࡾࠉ᩺ ࡊ࠷ᅗ㝷භྜྷࣈࣞࢩ࢘ࢠࢹ࡚࠵ࡽࠉᮇࡡᴗᇡ◂✪⩽ࡵࡐࡡ᩺ࡊ࠷࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࢅ⏕࠷࡙ Cutting edge ࢦ ࢙ࣤࢪࢅ᥆㐅ࡌࡾྊ⬗ᛮࢅ᳠ゞࡊጙࡴ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡐࡡ EISCAT_3D ゛⏤ཱི࡚ࡽ⤄ࡲࡒ࠷◂✪ࢰ࣭ࢣࢴࢹࡷ ࡐࡡ◂✪ណ⩇࣬㐅ᛮࢅࠉᮇࣈࣞࢩ࢘ࢠࢹࡡ࣒ࣤࣁ࣭ࢅ୯ᚨ࡞රమⓏ࡞㆗ㄵࡌࡾࠊ᭩⤂Ⓩ࡞ࡢࠉᮇࡡ ᴗᅥ㉰㧏ᒒ࣬୯ᒒኬẴฦ㔕ࡡᅗ㝷භྜྷ◂✪ࡡᑑᮮᵋࡡ୯࡚ࠉEISCAT_3D ゛⏤ࡡన⨠ࡘࡄࢅ᪺☔࡞ࡌ ࡾࠊ ୌ᪁ࠉSIOS㸝Svalbard Integrated Arctic Earth Observing System㸞゛⏤ࡢࠉUNISࠉࢿ࣭ࣜ࢘ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜࠉ ࢿ࣭ࣜ࢘Ꮥ⾙ఌ㆗㸝Norwegian Research Council㸞࡞ࡻࡖ࡙භྜྷ࡚ᥞ᱄ࡈࡿࡒࠉࢪ࣭ࣥࣜࣁࣜ࡞࠽ࡄ ࡾびῼᣈⅤᙟᠺࡡࡒࡴࡡᅗ㝷ࣈࣞࢩ࢘ࢠࢹ࡚࠵ࡽࠉ⏍∸࠾ࡼ㞯ểࠉኬẴࠉᏫᏼ∸⌦ࡱ࡚ࢅໜྱࡊࡒ⥪ྙ Ⓩ◂✪ࡡ᥆㐅ࢅ┘ᣞࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡆࡡ SIOS ゛⏤࡞ᣪࡅࡼࡿ࡙࠷ࡾ 5 ࡗࡡ◂✪㡷ᇡࡡ 1 ࡗ࡚࠵ࡾᏼ✭ᅥ ฦ㔕࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉEISCAT ࢪ࣭ࣥࣜࣁ࣭ࣜࣝࢱ࣭ࢅ୯ᚨ࡛ࡊࡒ㡷ᇡ/ฦ㔕ᶋ᩷ᆵࡡ◂✪ࢅណㆉࡊࡼࠉ 㛏Ⓩ SIOS ゛⏤ࡡ㐅⾔≟Ἓ࡞ྙࢂࡎ࡙ࠉᮇࡡරమⓏ◂✪゛⏤ࢅ❟᱄ཀྵࡦ‵ങࢅࡌࡾࠊ ◂✪⤊㐛࡛ᠺᯕ ᖳᗐࡡㄚ㢗ࡡ◂✪⤊㐛࡛ᠺᯕࡢୖエࡡ㏳ࡽ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ ㄚ㢗 1. EISCAT ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭࡛ᆀ୕ᣈⅤびῼࠉࣞࢢࢴࢹ࣬⾠᫅භྜྷびῼ࡞ࡻࡾ☚ẴᅥѸ 㞹㞫ᅥѸ ⇍ᅥ⤎ྙ㐛 ⛤ࡡ◂✪ EISCAT ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ධᅗභྜྷฺ⏕ࡡᇱ࡞ࠉEISCAT ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭࡛ࡿ࠷ࡴ࠷⾠᫅ࠉᆀ୕㞹ἴ࣬කᏕびῼ⨠ 㸝ASG ࡷ ALIS ࢅྱࡳ㸞࡛ࡡභྜྷびῼࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊරమⓏ࡞ࡢࠉᴗᇡ⇍ᅥንິ࡞㛭ࡌࡾ◂✪㸝2011 ᖳ 1 ᭮࡞びῼᐁ᪃㸞ࡷ࢛ࣤ୕᪴Ὦࡡ◂✪㸝2010 ᖳ 12 ᭮-2011 ᖳ 1 ᭮࡞࠾ࡄ࡙ࠉRENU ࣞࢢࢴࢹᅗ㝷භྜྷ びῼࢅྱࡴᐁ᪃㸞ࠉALIS ᆀ୕කᏕ/EISCAT ྜྷびῼ㸝2010 ᖳ 10 ᭮࡞ᐁ᪃㸞ࠉ ⬞ິ࢛࣭ࣞࣚࡡ⥪ྙびῼ㸝2010 ᖳ 10 ᭮ཀྵࡦ 2011 ᖳ 3 ᭮࡞ᐁ᪃㸞➴ᣪࡅࡼࡿࡾࠊ࠵࠷࡞ࡂᭆࡽࡡኮು≟ឺࡷᆀ☚Ẵ㟴✔ࡡࡒࡴࠉᙽ ࡈࡿࡾびῼࢸ࣭ࢰࢅᚋࡼࡿ࠾ࡖࡒࢢ࣭ࢪኣ࠾ࡖࡒࡒࡴࠉ㐛ཡ࡞ᚋࡼࡿࡒ᮪௲ࡡࡻ࠷භྜྷびῼ࣬ྜྷ びῼࢸ࣭ࢰࡵฺ⏕ࡊࡼ◂✪ࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊࡐࡡ⤎ᯕࠉ⬞ິ࢛࣭ࣞࣚࡡ D ᒒ㞹Ẵఎᑙᗐንࡷ࢛ࣤ୕ ᪴ὮⓆ⏍ࡡ࢛ࣤ࡞഼ࡂງࡡࣁࣚࣤࢪࡡ◂✪ᠺᯕ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉᏕఌ࡞࠽ࡄࡾⓆ⾪ࢅ⾔࠹࡛භ࡞ࠉ ㄵᩝ࡞ࡱ࡛ࡴ࡙ᅗ㝷ヽ࡞ᢖ✇࣬ฝ∟ࡊࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉALIS びῼ࡞ࡻࡾኣⅤ࢛࣭ࣞࣚ⏤ാ࡛ EISCAT ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ びῼ࡞ࡻࡾ㞹Ꮔᐠᗐ㧏ᗐࣈࣞࣆࣜࠉ࣒࣭ࢩࣤࢡ࢛࣒࣭ࣛࢰびῼ࡞ࡻࡾ㖗ἑ㞟㡚ྺࢅ⤄ࡲྙࢂࡎ ࡙ࠉ࢛࣭ࣞࣚ㜾ୖ㞹Ꮔࡡ✭㛣࢙࣬ࢾ࣭ࣜ࢟ฦᕱࢅ᥆ᏽࡌࡾ᩺ࡊ࠷ᡥἪࠔୌ⯙࢛࣭ࣞࣚࢹ࣓ࢡࣚࣆἪࠕ ࢅ㛜Ⓠࡊࠉᅗ㝷ヽ࡞Ⓠ⾪ࡊࡒࠊ Ѹ 64Ѹ ― 68 ― ࡆࡿࡼࡡὩິහᐖ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡢࠉhttp://polaris.nipr.ac.jp/~eiscat/index.html ࡡ࢘ࣇ࣭࣋ࢩහ࡞ሒࢅᩒ⌦ ࡊ࡙ධᅗ࡞ප㛜ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ ㄚ㢗 2. ᴗᇡࡡୖ㒂⇍ᅥѸ ୯㛣ᅥ⤎ྙ࡛୯ᛮኬẴࢱࢻ࣐ࢠࢪࡡ◂✪ ࢿ࣭ࣜ࢘࣬ࣤࢺ࣭ࣕ࡞࠵ࡾ ALOMAR びῼᡜ࡞ࢻࢹ࣑ࣛኬẴක㸝Ⓠක㧏ᗐ 90 km㸞ࢅびῼࡌࡾ ࡒࡴࡡධኮ࣒࣭ࢩࣔࢅ 2010 ᖳ 10 ᭮࡞シ⨠ࡊࠉ2011 ᖳ 5 ᭮ࡱ࡚ࡡ 8 ࣧ᭮㛣ࠉ㏻⤾びῼࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊࡈ ࡼ࡞ࠉᴗᆀ◂ᑙථࡊࡒࢹ࣑ࣞࢮ࠽ࡻࡦࣞࣤࢡࣄࣤࡡὮ࣭᫅ࣝࢱ࣭࡛ྞኬᑙථࡊࡒ࣊ࣚࣤ ࢺࡡὮ࣭᫅ࣝࢱ࣭ࢅ⏕࠷࡙ࠉ༞ 1000 km ௧୕࡞ࢂࡒࡾᴗᇡ㧏⦃ᗐࡡୖ㒂⇍ᅥ㡷ᇡࡡ㢴㏷࠽ࡻࡦῺᗐ びῼࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࠉࡐࡡࢸ࣭ࢰゆᯊࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ ࡱࡒࠉ2009 ᖳ 1 ᭮࡞Ⓠ⏍ࡊࡒᠺᒒᅥ✲↓᪴Ὼࡡ EISCAT ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࠉ࠽ࡻࡦὮ࣭᫅ࣝࢱ࣭びῼ࠾ࡼࠉᠺ ᒒᅥࡡ᪴Ὼ࡞⾔ࡊ࡙㧏ᗐ 80-100km ࡚㢴ྡྷࡡ㏣㌷ࠉ㧏ᗐ 90km ࡚ࡢẴῺࡡ㜾ୖ㉫ࡆࡖ࡙࠷ࡾᵕᏄࢅᤂ ࠻ࡒࠊࡆࡿࡼࡡびῼ⤎ᯕࡢ⾠᫅びῼ࡛ࡵᩒྙⓏ࡚࠵ࡽࠉᠺᒒᅥ✲↓᪴Ὼ࡞ఔ࠹୯ᒒኬẴ࡛㉰㧏ᒒኬẴࡡ ⤎ྙࢅ♟ࡌ㔔こびῼౚ࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉᅗ㝷ヽ࡞Ⓠ⾪ࡊࡒࠊ ࡐࡡ࡞ࠉᴗᇡ࡚ࡡࣆࣇ࣭ࣛ࣋ࣞᖱῦ゛㸝FPI㸞-EISCAT භྜྷびῼࡡᐁ⌟࡞ྡྷࡄ࡙ࠉ㕼├㢴びῼ⏕ ࡡ FPI ๑කᏕ⣌ࡡᨭ㏸ࡷࠉCCD ࣒࢜ࣚ㒂ฦࡡ᭞᩺ࠉFPI ↋ெ㐘㌷࣬㐪㝰᧧షࡡࢮࣆࢹ࢘ᩒങࡷࠉ㍲ ㏞ࢤࢪࢹࡡず✒ࡽ➴ࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ ㄚ㢗 3. EISCAT 㛏࣬㏻⤾びῼࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪࡡᩒങ࡛ࡐࡿ࡞ᇱࡘࡂ㧏⦃ᗐ㞹㞫ᅥࡡ⥪ྙゆᯊ IPY ࣭࢞ࣔࣤ࣋ࣤ㸝2007-2008㸞ࡡ ESR ㏻⤾びῼ࡞ࡻࡽᚋࡼࡿࡒࠉኯ㝟ᴗᑚࡡ㟴✔㞹㞫ᅥ≟ឺ ࡡࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ⏕࠷࡙ࠉ࢛ࣤ୕᪴Ὦ࡛࢛ࣤ㡚ἴᨈ࡞㛭ࡌࡾ◂✪ࡷࠉF ᒒ࢛ࣤῺᗐࡡ᭮ን࡛ GCM ࣓ࢸ࡛ࣜࡡẒ㍉◂✪ࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࠉࡐࡿࡑࡿᏕఌⓆ⾪ࡷㄵᩝฝ∟ࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊࡐࡡ࡞ࠉኬᏕ㛣㏻ᦘ 㸝IUGONET㸞ࣈࣞࢩ࢘ࢠࢹ࡛ࡵ༝ງࡊࡼࠉEISCAT ࢸ࣭ࢰࡷࢹ࣑ࣞࢮ࣬ࣞࣤࢡࣄࣤකᏕびῼࢸ ࣭ࢰ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉ⤣゛ゆᯊࡷ࣊ࣤࢹゆᯊ࡞ᚪこࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪ㸝CDF ࡵྱࡳ㸞ࡡషᠺ࡞ཱིࡽ⤄ࢆࡓࠊ ࡆࡿࡼࡡࢸ࣭ࢰප㛜࣬භྜྷฺ⏕࡞㛭ࡊ࡙ࡢࠉ http://polaris.nipr.ac.jp/~eiscat/eiscatdata/index.html 㸝EISCAT ࢸ࣭ࢰප㛜⏕࣭࣋ࢩ㸞ࡷ http://polaris.nipr.ac.jp/~eiscat/optical/ 㸝ḚකᏕࢸ࣭ࢰප㛜⏕࣭࣋ࢩ㸞ࡡᑍ⏕࢘ࣇ࣭࣋ࢩࢅཤ↯ࠊ ㄚ㢗 4. Ḛ࡞࠽ࡄࡾḗኬᆵᅗ㝷ࣈࣞࢩ࢘ࢠࢹ㸝EISCAT_3D ࡷ SIOS ゛⏤㸞ࡡཤຊ EISCAT_3D ࢅ⏕࠷࡙㐅ࡴࡒ࠷◂✪ฦ㔕/びῼᑊ㇗࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉ2011 ᖳ 3 ᭮࡞㛜തᏽࡡ EISCAT ◂✪㞗 ఌ㸝ᴗᆀ◂◂✪㞗ఌ㸞࡞࡙㆗ㄵࢅࡴࡾᏽ࡚࠵ࡖࡒࠉ࠵࠷࡞ࡂ㟀ⅇࡡᙫ㡢࡚୯Ḿ࡛ࡖࡒࠊࡐࡡࡒ ࡴࠉ2011 ᖳᗐࡡࡾࡂ᪡࠷࡞᭨ࡡ◂✪㞗ఌࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࠉ㆗ㄵࢅ⾔࠹ᏽ࡚࠵ࡾࠊࡱࡒࠉᮇࡡኬ ᆵ◂✪࣬ኬᆵ᪃シ࣭ࣞࢺ࣏ࢴࣈ࡞ EISCAT_3D ゛⏤ࢅన⨠ࡘࡄࡼࡿࡾࡒࡴ࡞ᚪこ㈠ᩩషᠺࡷㄕ᪺ ࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊࡐࡡ࡞ࠉ2010 ᖳ 10 ᭮࡞ EU ࡡᨥᥴ࡚Ⓠ㊂ࡊࡒ EISCAT_3D Preparatory Phase ࡞㛭ࡊ࡙ࠉࡐ ࡡ୯࡞❟ࡔ୕ࡅࡒࢦ࢙ࣤࢪ࣭࣠࢞ࣤࢡࢡ࣭ࣜࣈࡡิ࣒ࣤࣁ࣭7 ྞࡡ 1 ெ࡛ࡊ࡙ᑚᕖཤຊࡊࠉ EISCAT_3D ࡡ⛁Ꮥ㡧㸝Science Case㸞࡞㛭ࡌࡾ᭡㢦ࡡᨭゖࡷࠉEISCAT_3D ࡚᥆㐅ࡌࡾࡀ࣭࢞ࢠ࢙ࢪ ࢲࣘࣤࡡシᏽࠉ⛁ᏕⓏ࡞ịࡴࡼࡿࡾ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࢪ࣋ࢴࢠࡡシᏽࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊEISCAT_3D ゛⏤ࡡ⌟≟࡛ ᚃ ࡞ ࡗ ࠷ ࡙ ࠉ Ꮥఌࡷ ◂ ✪ఌ࡞ ࡙ ሒ࿈࣬ ⣺ ࡌࡾ ࡛ භ࡞ࠉ ᑍ ⏕࣭࣌ ࣑ ࣋ ࣭ ࢩ http://polaris.nipr.ac.jp/~eiscat/eiscat3d/ ࡞࡙᭩᩺ሒࡡⓆಘ࡞ຑࡴࡒࠊ Ѹ 65Ѹ ― 69 ― KP-10 ᒜහ ◂✪ㄚ㢗 ᴗῺᬦ◂✪ࡡᗆ❮ ◂✪㛣 ᖲᠺ 22ࠤ24 ᖳᗐ ᡜහභྜྷ◂✪⩽ ᒜහ ࠉሲཋ㈏ࠉᮇ┷ྒྷࠉ᮶ ⨶Ꮔࠉᮇᒜ⚵᪺ࠉಲඔ㝧ࠉ༎ᔋㄌࠉ ᖲᯐᖷၤ ᡜአභྜྷ◂✪⩽ 㐗㤷ⰶ㞕ࠉᾃ⏛⏊㑳ࠉᮇ⏛᪺ࠉᴦᮇᾀࠉ㧏ᶣಞᖲࠉᱭ⃕ ᢽࠉ▴ᡖㆺ㔔ࠉ 㟯ᮄ࿔ྒྷࠉ୯⃕㧏ΰࠉ㟯ᮄ㍜ኰࠉහᒜ᪺༡ࠉⓉᒷᏏ⾔ࠉⓏሔ⃀ெࠉཋ ㎾⸠ ெᩐ 24 ெ ⤊㈕ 3,475 ༐ළ ᅽୌ㑳ࠉ ㇇ࠉ▦ྻḿᩅ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ࡆࡿࡱ࡚⤽⤾ࡊ࡙ࡀࡒᇱᮇⓏẴುこ⣪ࡡびῼࢅ⤽⤾ࡊࠉࡆࡿࡱཱི࡚ᚋࡈࡿ࡙ࡀࡒᵕࠍム㈠ᩩࢅฦ ᯊ࣬ゆᯊࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࠉᴗῺᬦ◂✪ࡡࣆ࣭ࢩࣄࣛࢷ࣭࣬ࢪࢰࢸ࣭ࢅ⾔࠷ࠉᑑᮮࡡ◂✪゛⏤ࢅᵋ ⠇ࡌࡾࡆ࡛┘Ⓩ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ ᆀ⌣Ὼᬦࡡ୯࡚ࠉᴗᇡ࡚ࡢᾇểᇡ㟻✒ࡡ᛬΅ࠉᾇὊ୕ᒒࡡỀῺ୕᪴ࠉᆀ୕ẴῺࡷᆀῺࡡⴥࡊ࠷୕᪴ࠉ ểἑ࣬ểᖐࡡᾐ⪎ࠉࢡ࣭ࣛࣤࣚࣤࢺểᗃࡡ⼝ゆࠉࡐࡊ࡙Ễᅰࡡ⼝ゆ࡞ఔ࠹࣒ࢰࣤ➴ࡡῺᐄຝᯕẴమ ࡡᨲฝᠩᛍࡈࡿࡾ➴ࠉᵕࠍን㉫ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡆࡿࡼ⎌ሾࡡን࡞ఔ࠹᳔⏍ࡡንࠉ⏍∸ᅥࡡን ࡢࠉࡈࡼ࡞ῺᐄຝᯕẴమࡡஹᥦࡷ㝛୕࣭ࣜ࣊ࢺࡡን࡛ࡊ࡙Ẵು࣬⎌ሾ࡞ࣆ࣭ࢺࣁࢴࢠࢅࡵࡒࡼࡌ ྊ⬗ᛮࡵ࠵ࡾࠊ✒㞯㟻✒࣬㛣ࡡ΅ᑛࠉெⅥ㉫″ࣇࣚࢴࢠ࣭࢜࣍ࣤࡡ㞯ể㟻࣭ࣜ࣊ࢺୖࠉኬẴ୯ 㓗⅛⣪ቌຊ࡞ࡻࡾᾇὊ㓗ᛮࡡ㐅⾔ᵕࠍ␏ን㉫ࡆࡖ࡙࠷࡙ࠉெ㛣⏍Ὡ࣬⏍ឺ⣌ࡡᙫ㡢ࡵᠩ ᛍࡈࡿࡾࠊࡆࡡࡻ࠹࡞ࠉᴗῺᬦࡢࠉᙽࡖࡒࡊ࡚ゆ᪺ࢅịࡴࡼࡿ࡙࠷ࡾ⥥᛬ㄚ㢗࡚࠵ࡾࠊࡆࡿࡼ ᴗῺᬦࡡ⌟Ἓᢍᥩ࡛ࡐࡡ⫴ᚃ࡞₧ࡳᵕࠍẴುࡡ⤄ࡲࠉࣆ࣭ࢺࣁࢴࢠᶭᵋࡡゆ᪺ࢅࡴࡉࡊࠉኬ Ẵ࣬ᾇὊ࣬㞯ểฦ㔕ࢅࡱࡒࡾびῼ࣬◂✪゛⏤ࡡᶖ❟ࢅࡴࡉࡊࠉ◂✪ࡡమโᅖࡴ࡛ങゆᯊࢅ㐅ࡴࡾࠊ ◂✪⤊㐛࡛ᠺᯕ 㸱Ẵು࣬ᾇể࣬ᾇὊ◂✪㸳 ᅗ㝷ᴗᖳ㸝IPY㸞2007-2008 びῼ࡛ࡊ࡙ᐁ᪃ࡈࡿ࡙ࡀࡒ THORPEX Winter びῼ⤎ᯕࡡゆᯊࢅ㐅ࡴࠉኯ ᖲὊࡡẴᅸὩິᴗᇡ࡞ᙫ㡢ࡊࠉᴗᾇ࡞࠽ࡄࡾẴᅸὩິࢅὩⓆ࡞ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾᵕᏄᤂ࠻ࡼࡿࡒࠊ ୯⦃ᗐഁ࠾ࡼࡡỀⵠẴ౩⤝ࡡὮࡿࠉࠔỀⵠẴࡡᕖࠕ࡛ࡊ࡙⌟ࡈࡿࡾኬぜᶅࡵࡡ࡚࠵ࡾࡆ࡛᪺ ࡼ࠾࡞ࡈࡿࠉࢨࣤ࣎ࢩ࣑࡚Ⓠ⾪ࡈࡿࡒࠊ びῼ⯢ LANCE ࡞ࡻࡾᾇὊ୕ኬẴࡡびῼ⤎ᯕࡡゆᯊࢅ㐅ࡴࠉኯᖲὊࡡẴᅸὩິ≁࡞ࣁࣝࣤࢵ ᾇ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ⇍ᨥࠉᴗᇡࡡኬẴᚘ⎌࡞ᙫ㡢ࡊࠉࡈࡼ࡞ࡢࠉࢨ࣊ࣛ࠾ࡼ᮶ࢩ࡞ᙫ㡢࠽ࡻࡦࠉ ᮇࡡẴುࢅᕞྎࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࡆ࡛᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡈࡿࡒࠊࡆࡿࡼࠉᴗẴುࡡኬẴ—ᾇὊ┞பష⏕ࢅఔ࠹༞ ࣬᮶けࡡࢷࣝࢤࢾࢠࢨࣘࣤ㔔こ㐛⛤࡛ࡖ࡙࠽ࡽࠉᴗῺᬦ࡞ఔ࠹ᆀ⌣ぜᶅࡡᙫ㡢ࡡୌࡗࡡᙟ ឺ࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉ㔔こ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡚࠵ࡾࡆ࡛♟ࡈࡿࡒࠊ 㸱ῺᐄຝᯕẴమびῼ㸳 ࣬ ࢪࣁ࣭ࣜࣁࣜㅎᓞ࣬ࢼ࣭࢛ࣜࢪࣤᇱᆀ࡚ 1991 ᖳ௧ᮮᐁ᪃ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾ⣌⤣ⓏኬẴཱིࢅ⤽⤾ࡊࠉࢼ࣭ ࢛ࣜࢪࣤ࡞࠽ࡄࡾኬẴ୯ࡡῺᐄຝᯕẴమ㸝CO2㸡CH4㸡N2O㸡SF6㸞⃨ᗐ࠽ࡻࡦࡐࡿࡼࡡᏭᏽྜྷనమẒࠉ Ѹ 66Ѹ ― 70 ― 㓗⣪⃨ᗐ㸝O2/N2 Ẓ㸞ࡡ㧏⢥ᗐ⣌าびῼࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ ࣬ ࢜ࢻࢱ⎌ሾ┤◂✪ᡜ࡛ࡡභྜྷびῼ࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉ2007 ᖳ࡞㛜ጙࡊࡒ࢜ࢻࢱ࣏࣬ࢼࢹࣁᕗࢲ࣭ࣔࢲࣜ㸝⦃ 59 ᗐࠉけ⤊ 94 ᗐ㸞࡞࠽ࡄࡾᏽⓏኬẴཱིࢅ⤽⤾ࡊࠉῺᐄຝᯕẴమ⃨ᗐ࡛ᏭᏽྜྷనమẒࠉ≁࡞࣒ࢰ ࣤࡡ⅛⣪࣬Ề⣪ྜྷనమẒࡡ㧏⢥ᗐ⣌าびῼࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ ࣬ ࢼ࣭࢛ࣜࢪ࡚ࣤびῼࡈࡿࡒ CO2 ⃨ᗐ࡛ O2/N2 Ẓࢸ࣭ࢰࡡゆᯊࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊCO2 ⃨ᗐ࡛ O2/N2 Ẓࡢ᪺▉ Ꮢ⟿ንࢅ♟ࡊࠉࡐࡡన┞ࡢ࠽ப࠷࡞㏣┞㛭ࡡ㛭౿࡞࠵ࡖࡒࠊ୦⩽ࡡᏒ⟿ንᠺฦࢅリ⣵࡞Ẓ㍉ࡌࡾࡆ ࡛࡞ࡻࡖ࡙ࠉࢼ࣭࢛ࣜࢪࣤ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ O2/N2 ẒࡡᏒ⟿ንࡡ༖ฦࠉኬẴ—ᾇὊ㛣ࡡ O2 ࣆࣚࢴࢠࢪࡡ Ꮢ⟿ን࡞ࡻࡖ࡙⏍ࡋ࡙࠷ࡾࡆ࡛᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡖࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉ▴⇖ᩩᾐ㈕࡞ࡻࡾ CO2 ⃨ᗐࡡ୕࡛᪴ O2/N2 Ẓࡡ΅ᑛびῼࡈࡿ࡙࠽ࡽࠉࡐࡿࡑࡿࡡቌຊ⋙ࠉ΅ᑛ⋙࠾ࡼず✒ࡵࡼࡿࡒ㝛୕⏍∸ᅥ࡛ᾇὊ࡞ࡻࡾ CO2 ྺ㔖ࡢࠉࡐࡿࡑࡿ 1.17GtCyr-1ࠉ2.7GtCyr-1㸝2001-2009 ᖳࡡᖲᆍ㸞࡚࠵ࡖࡒࠊ 㸱࢙ࣞࢯࣜ࣬㞴࣬✒㞯㟻ࡡᨲᑏ㐛⛤㸳 ࣬ ࢼ࣭࢛ࣜࢪࣤ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ㞴ᨲᑏ⥪ྙびῼࡡࡒࡴࡡ⌟ᆀㄢᰕࢅ⾔࠷ࠉࢿ࣭ࣜ࢘ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ➴ࡡ㛭౿ᶭ 㛭࡛ࡡභྜྷ◂✪ࡷ༝ງమโ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ㄢᩒࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ ࣬ ࢼ࣭࢛ࣜࢪࣤ࡞࠽ࡄࡾධኮ㞴࣒࢜ࣚ࠽ࡻࡦ࣏ࢠࣞࣂࣜࢪࣚࢱ࣭㸝MPL㸞ࡡびῼࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ⏕࠷࡙ࠉ 㞴㔖⤣゛ゆᯊࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ2005ࠤ2008 ᖳࡡ 4 ᖳ㛣ࡡびῼࢸ࣭ࢰ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉධኮ࣒࢜ࣚ⏤ാࢸ࣭ࢰ࠾ࡼᚋࡼ ࡿࡒ㞴㔖࡛⌟ᆀࡡ┘ちびῼ࠾ࡼᚋࡼࡿࡒ㞴㔖ࢅẒ㍉ࡊࡒ࡛ࡆࢀⰃ࠷ୌ⮬ずࡼࡿࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉMPL ࡡࢸ࣭ ࢰ࠾ࡼịࡴࡒ㞴ࡡฝ⌟⋙࡛ࡡẒ㍉࡚ࡵⰃይ㛭౿ᚋࡼࡿࡒࠊ㞴㔖ࡡゆᯊ⤎ᯕࡢࠉ3 ᭮࡞᭩ᑚ࡛ࡽ 8 ᭮࡞࠾ࡄ࡙ቌຊࡌࡾᵕᏄࢅ♟ࡊࡒࠊ ࣬ 2006 ᖳࡡࣉࢫ࣬࣊ࣤࢹ㛣ࢅྱࡳࡆࡿࡱ࡚ࡡࢼ࣭࢛ࣜࢪ࡚ࣤࡡࢪ࢜ࣚࢩ࢛࣒࣭ࢰびῼ࡞ᇱࡘ ࡂ࢙ࣞࢯࣜࡡකᏕⓏ≁ᛮ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡱ࡛ࡴࡒࠊ2000 ᖳࠤ2008 ᖳࡡ㛏びῼࡡ⤎ᯕࠉ࢙ࣞࢯࣜࡡකᏕ Ⓩཉࡈࡢ᫋Ꮢ࡞᭩ኬ࡛ࡽࠉኚᏒ࡞࠾ࡄ࡙΅ᑛࡌࡾᵕᏄずࡼࡿࡒࠊ᫋Ꮢࡡቌኬࡢ࠷ࢂࡹࡾᴗࣉࢫ ࢅ♟ࡌࡵࡡ࡚࠵ࡾࠊࡐࡡࣉࢫ⌟㇗ᴗࡴ࡙㢟ⴥ࡞⌟ࡿࡒ 2006 ᖳࡡࣉࢫ࣬࣊ࣤࢹ࡞ࡢἴ㛏 500nm ࡡ࢙ࣞࢯࣜකᏕⓏཉࡈࡡᖲᆍೋ᭩ኬ 0.44 ࡞㐡ࡊࡒࠊ 㸱ểἑ࣬ểᖐ㸳 ࣬࢜ࢻࢱᆀ㈹ㄢᰕ᭡ࡡ◂✪ဤࢅᣅ⪰ࡊࠉ࢜ࢻࢱᴗᇡ࡞࠽ࡄࡾᅗ㝷භྜྷ㞯ểࢤᤸ๎゛⏤࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡡ ሒࢅ㞗ࡊࡒࠊ ࣬㞯ểࢤࡡࣇࣚࢴࢠ࣭࢜࣍ࣤฦᯊᡥἪ࡞㛭ࡌࡾሒࢅ㞗ࡊࡒࠊ ࣬㞯ểࢤ◂✪⩽࡛ኬẴ࣬ᾇὊ⤎ྙ࣓ࢸࣜ◂✪⩽ࡡ㛣࡚◂✪ᡬࡔྙࢂࡎࢅ⾔࠷ࠉᚃࡡභྜྷ◂✪᪁㔢ࢅ ᳠ゞࡊࡒࠊ ࣬㞯ểࢤࡡリ⣵㏻⤾ฦᯊࢅᐁ᪃ࡌࡾࡒࡴࠉ㞯ểࢤ⮤ິ⼝ゆ࣬ฦἸ⨠ࢅ⤄ࡲ❟࡙ࠉ❟ࡔ୕ࡅషᴏࢅ ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ⼝ゆࣉࢴࢺࡱࡒࡢ㏭୯ࡡࢲ࣭ࣖࣇ࠾ࡼࡡࢤࣤࢰ࣐ࢾ࣭ࢨࣘࣤ࠵ࡖࡒࡒࡴࠉࡆࡿࡼࡡὑὯࢅ⾔ ࠷ࡗࡗࠉࢤࣤࢰ࣐ࢾ࣭ࢨࣘࣤࡡཋᅄࢅ㏛ཀྵࡌࡂࠉࣇࣚࣤࢠࢷࢪࢹࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊ ࣬ᡥᣚࡔࡡ㞯ểࢤࢦࣤࣈࣜࡡỀྜྷనమฦᯊࢅᐁ᪃ࡌࡾࡒࡴࠉ࣭ࣝࢧ࣭ᘟྜྷనమẒฦᯊ゛ࢅ᩺ぜ࡞ᑙථ ࡊࡒࠊ㸝㉆ථ⤊㈕ࡢ⛁◂㈕㛣⤊㈕㸞 ௧୕ࠉㄚ㢗ࢅ㏳ࡋ࡙ࠉᐳⓏ◂✪ࢅ㐅ࡴࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࡀࠉᚃࡡᴗẴು࣬Ὼᬦ◂✪ࡡ᩺ࡊ࠷᪁ྡྷ ᛮࢅᥞ♟ࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࡀࡒࠊ⌟ᅹ㐅⾔୯ࡡࠉᴗẴುንິ◂✪ࡡᯗ⤄ࡲషࡽ࡞㈁⊡ࡊࡒࠊ Ѹ 67Ѹ ― 71 ― KP-11 හ⏛ 㞖ᕤ ◂✪ㄚ㢗 ᴗᇡ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ⏍ឺ⣌ንິࡡ◂✪ ◂✪㛣 ᖲᠺ 22ࠤ27 ᖳᗐ ᡜහභྜྷ◂✪⩽ ᮟ ᡜአභྜྷ◂✪⩽ ୯ᆟᏏࠉᮟᒱ⏜ࠉහ⏛᪸⏠ࠉኬሪಆࠉᑚἠ ༡ࠉኬᅧྒྷࠉᓃᮇ㸝Ⳑ㸞ᩝ⣒ ெᩐ 12 ெ ⤊㈕ 3,245 ༐ළ ᬓࠉ㧏ᶣ࿔ࠉῳ㎮బᇱࠉ㣜⏛㧏ኬ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ༞ᴗᇡࠉᴗᇡ࡞ࡢᆀ⌣୕࡚᭩ࡵཚࡊ࠷⏍ࡡᏋᅹࢅᢼࡳᴗ㝀⎌ሾᏋᅹࡌࡾࠊࡊ࠾ࡊࡼࠉ᭩㎾ ࡡゆᯊᢇ⾙ࡡⓆ㐡࡞ࡻࡽᴗ㝀⎌ሾ࡞࠵ࡖ࡙ࡵኬ㝛ểᗃࡷࢡ࣭ࣛࣤࣚࣤࢺểᗃ࡛ࡐࡡ࿔㎮ᆀᇡࡢ᩺ࡒ ⏍ឺ⣌࡛ࡊ࡙⤣ୌⓏ࡞ᤂ࠻ࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࡀࡾࡻ࠹࡞ࡖࡒࠊᮇㄚ㢗࡚ࡢࠉᴗᇡࡡ᩺ࡒࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࠔ࿔ể⏍ ឺ⣌ࠕ࡞ࡲࡼࡿࡾ⏍∸࣬᚜⏍∸ࡡኣᵕᛮ࡛⏍ឺ⣌ንິࢅ࡛ࡼ࠻ࡾࡒࡴ࡞ࠉᴗࡡ㝛ᇡ࠾ࡼᚋࡼࡿࡒࢦࣤ ࣈࣜࢅᮇ࡞ᣚࡔᖉࡽࠉࡐࡿࡑࡿࡡ≁␏⎌ሾ࡚ࡡ⏍∸ኣᵕᛮࡡࢦ࣭࣊ࠉ⏍ឺ⣌ࡡᵋ㏸࡛ᶭ⬗ࡡゆ᪺࠽ ࡻࡦࡐࡿࡼ࡞࠻ࡾ⎌ሾንິࡡᙫ㡢ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡊࡒࠊୌ᪁ࠉᴗᅥࡡẴῺࠉỀῺࠉᾇ ểᐠᗐࡡ∸⌦⎌ሾࠉࡆࡆᩐ༎ᖳ࡚᛬⃥࡞ንࡊࡒࡆ࡛ࡢࡻࡂ▩ࡼࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡊ࠾ࡊࠉࡐ࠹ࡊࡒን 㔕⏍ິ∸࡞࠻ࡾᙫ㡢࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡢ࡛ࢆฦ࠾ࡖ࡙࠷࠷ࠊᮇ◂✪࡚ࡢࠉᴗᅥࡡᾇὊ⎌ሾࡡゆᯊ ࡛ࠉ㧏ḗᤍ㣏ິ∸ࡡᾇ㫵ࠉິ∸࡞㧏ฦゆ⬗ࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭ࣞ࢝࠽ࡻࡦ࣒࣭࢜ࣚࣞ࢝ࢅཱིࡽࡄࠉࡡᵕ࡞ ᾇ⏍ິ∸ࡢᾇểฺ⏕ࠉᾇὊ⎌ሾࡡ㐽ᢝࢅࡊ࡙࠷ࡾ࠾ࠉᙴࡼࡡ⾔ິࣂࢰ࣭ࣤࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾ࡛ྜྷ࡞ࠉ ⎌ሾን࡞ᑊࡌࡾᙫ㡢ῼࢅ┘ᣞࡌࡆ࡛ࡵ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡊࡒࠊ ◂✪⤊㐛࡛ᠺᯕ ᮇᖳᗐࡢࠉ㧏⦃ᗐᴗࢪࣁ࣭ࣜࣁࣜㅎᓞࠉࢼ࣭࢛ࣜࢪࣤࡡểἑᚃ㏝ᇡࢅㄢᰕᆀ࡛ࡊࠉ⌟ᆀㄢᰕࢅ⾔ ࠹࡛࡛ࡵ࡞ࠉᙔラᆀᇡࡡ⾠᫅ࢸ࣭ࢰࡡゆᯊࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊこᠺᯕࡢ௧ୖࡡ࡛࠽ࡽ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ 㸝㸦㸞⾠᫅ࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ⏕࠷ࡒᗀᇡ࣏ࢴࣅࣤࢡゆᯊ࡞⏕࠷ࡾࡒࡴࠉ᳔∸ᆀ୕㒂ࣁ࢛࣏ࢪࡡ᥆ᏽ࠽ࡻࡦᅰ ᆀ⿍さฦ㢦ࡡࣜࢥࣛࢫ࣑షᠺ࣬᳠チࡡࡒࡴ࡞ᚪこฦකཬᑏ⋙࡛ࣁ࢛࣏ࢪ᳔࣬⏍ࢰࣈࡡῼᏽࢅ ⌟ᆀ࡚⾔ࡖࡒࠊ 㸝㸧㸞⾠᫅ࢸ࣭ࢰ㸝ALOS㸞࡛㐛ཡࡡ⯗✭┷ࡡゆᯊࢅ⾔࠷ࠉ㐛ཡ࠾ࡼ⌟ᅹࡡểἑᮆ❻ࡡన⨠ࢅ≁ᏽࡌ ࡾ࡛࡛ࡵ࡞ࠉ㐼⛛ᚃࡡඁ༥⛸࡚࠵ࡾ࢞ࣘࢠࢲࣕࢻ࢟㸝Salix polaris㸞ࡡᏽ╌㏷ᗐ࡛ࡐࡡโ㝀こᅄ࡞ࡗ ࠷࡙᳠ゞࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ 㸝㸨㸞ࣆ࢘ࢿࣞࢩ࣭ࡷ∸㈹ᚘ⎌࡞ኬࡀᙫ㡢ࢅ࠻ࡾこᅄ࡚࠵ࡾᾐ㞯࡛✒㞯㛜ጙࡡᖳንິ࡞ ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉ⾠࣓࣭᫅ࣛࢹࢬࣤࢨࣤࢡࢅ⏕࠷࡙ㄢࡒࠊ⾠᫅ࢬࣤࢦ Terra MODIS ࡞ࡻࡾᆀ⾪㟻ཬᑏ⋙ࢸ࣭ ࢰࢅ⏕࠷࡙ࠉ2000 ᖳ࠾ࡼ 2009 ᖳࡱ࡚ࡡ⣌า NDVI ⏤ാࢅషᠺࡊࠉࡐࡿࢅࡵ࡛࡞ᾐ㞯ࠉ✒㞯㛜 ጙࢅ᥆ᏽࡊࡒࠊ 㸝㸩㸞ểἑᚃ㏝├ᚃࡡこ᳔⏍ࡡୌࡗ࡚࠵ࡾᅰቫࢠࣚࢪࢹ㸝ࢨࢿࣁࢠࢷࣛࠉ⸬㢦ࠉⳞ㢦ᆀ⾨㢦ࠉ ࢤࢢࡡཋ⣊మ➴⤙ࡲྙࡖࡒᆀ⾪㟻ࡡ⩄㞗㸞ࢅᑊ㇗࡞ࠉ࢛࣭ࣈࣤࣆ࣭ࣞࡡකྙᠺྺῼᏽࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࢅ ⏕࠷࡙ࠉකྙᠺ࠽ࡻࡦྺ㏷ᗐ࡛⎌ሾこᅄ࡛ࡡ㛭౿ࢅㄢࠉ⏍⏐㔖᥆ᏽࡡࡒࡴࡡ࣓ࢸࣜࢅషᠺࡊࡒࠊ 㸝㸪㸞᳔⏍ࠉῺᗐࠉᅰቫỀฦ࡛Ὼᐄຝᯕ࢝ࢪࣆࣚࢴࢠࢪ࡛ࡡ㛭౿ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࡒࡴࠉᐠ㛚Ἢࢅ⏕࠷ ࡙⏍ឺ⣌ྺ㸝CO2 ࣆࣚࢴࢠࢪ㸞ࠉ࣒ࢰࣤ࠽ࡻࡦல㓗✽⣪ࣆࣚࢴࢠࢪࡡ⌟ᆀῼᏽࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ 㸝㸫㸞ᆀ⾨㢦ࡡฦᕱࠉ⛸⤄ᠺ࠽ࡻࡦකྙᠺὩᛮࢅㄢᰕࡊࡒࠊࢪࣁѸ ࣜࣁࣜㅎᓞ࡚ Lecidea apochroeella Nyl., Ѹ 68Ѹ ― 72 ― Lecidea leucothallina, ࠽ࡻࡦ Porpidia contraponenda,3 ⛸ࡡ᩺⏐⛸ࢅⓆずࡊࡒࠊLecidea apochroeellaࠉ࡞ࡗ ࠷࡙ࡢࠉ⏍⫩ᇡࡡ㝀ࡡエ㘋ࢅ᭞᩺ࡊࡒࠊ 㸝㸬㸞⥌⟮ᮨ᳔∸ࡡ㐼⛛๑࡛ᚃ࡞⏍⫩ࡌࡾ᳔∸⛸ࡡකྙᠺ≁ᛮࢅῼᏽࡊࠉ㐼⛛ṹ㝭ࡡ㐢࠷࡛කྙ ᠺ≁ᛮ࡛ࡡ㛭౿࡞ࡗ࠷࡙᳠ゞࡊࡒࠊࡐࡡ⤎ᯕࠉ⛸࡞ࡻࡖ࡙කྙᠺ≁ᛮࡢ␏ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾലྡྷヾࡴࡼࡿ ࡒࠊ㐼⛛๑࡛㐼⛛ᚃ࡚᭩ኬ┞ᑊ㞹Ꮔఎ㐡㏷ᗐ(rETRmax)ྜྷ⛤ᗐࡡ᳔∸Ꮛᅹࡌࡾୌ᪁࡚ࠉ㐼⛛๑ ࡞⏍⫩ࡌࡾ᳔∸ࡡ rETRmax ࡡ᪁ࠉ㐼⛛ᚃ࡞⏍⫩ࡌࡾ᳔∸ࡻࡽࡵᑚࡈ࠷⛸ࡡᏋᅹࡵ☔ヾࡈࡿࡒࠊ 㸝㸭㸞ࢠ࣭ࣞࣤࣚࣇ࣭ࣚࣛἪࢅ⏕࠷࡙ᅰቫ᚜⏍∸┞ࢅᗐื࡞ㄢᰕࡊࠉ▴⅛⣪ࡡྱ᭯㔖࡛ࡡ㛭౿ ࢅㄢᰕࡊࡒࠊ▴⅛⣪ࢅኣࡂྱࡳᒒ࡛ࡐ࠹࡚࠷ᒒ࡚ࡢࠉ᚜⏍∸┞ኬࡀࡂ␏ࡖ࡙࠷ࡒࠊ≁࡞┷ᰶ ⏍∸࡚ࡢࠉ⣑ 1.1 ᖳ๑ࡡㇽ▴ࢅྱࢆ࡚࠷ࡒ▴⅛⣪ࢅኣࡂྱࡳᒒ࡚ࡢࠉ》⸬㢦ࡡ DNA ᳠ฝࡈࡿࠉ ࡆࡡᒒ‵ࡢᾇᗇࠉࡵࡊࡂࡢᾇᓃ㎾ࡓࡖࡒࡆ࡛ DNA ゆᯊ࠾ࡼࡵ♟ြࡈࡿࡒࠊ 㸝㸮㸞ᐁ㥺ୖ࡚ࠉᅰቫྺ࡞ࡻࡖ࡙ᨲฝࡈࡿࡒ CO2 ࡞ྱࡱࡿࡾ⅛⣪ࡡ⢥⿿ᖳࢅỬᏽࡌࡾࡒࡴࡡ CO2 ᅂࣚࣤࡡ㛜Ⓠ࡛ࡐࡡ᮪௲᳠ゞࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊషᠺࡊࡒࣚࣤࢅ⏕࠷࡙ࠉᇰ㣬ᅰቫ࠾ࡼᨲฝࡈࡿࡾ CO2 ࢅ࣓࣭ࣝ࢞ࣖࣚࢨ࣭ࣇ࡞ྺ╌ࡈࡎࠉࡐࡡᚃ┷✭ࣚࣤ࡞࡙ྺ╌ࡊࡒ CO2 ࢅ⇍⬲╌ᅂࡊࡒ࡛ࡆࢀࠉᨲ ᑏᛮ⅛⣪Ꮽᏽྜྷనమ࡞ࡻࡾᖳỬᏽ࡞༎ฦ㔖ࡡ CO2 ࢅᅂࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࡀࡒࠊ 㸝10㸞ࡆࡿࡱ࡚ࡡ⌟ᆀㄢᰕࡡ⤎ᯕࢅࡵ࡛࡞ࠉこ⅛⣪ࣆ࣭࡛ࣞ⅛⣪ࣈ࣭ࣜࢅྱࡳ⏍ឺ⣌⅛⣪ᚘ⎌࣓ ࢸࣜࢅᵋ⠇ࡊࠉ⅛⣪ࢨ࣭ࢢࢪࢹ࣭ࣝࢨࣘࣤ࡞࠻ࡾῺᗐࠉ⏍⫩㛣ࠉ㜾Ề㔖࠽ࡻࡦ᳔⏍ࡡንࡡᙫ㡢 ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙᳠ゞࡊࡒࠊ KP-12 ୯ ├ḿ ◂✪ㄚ㢗 ࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋᇱᆀ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ㉝አ⥲࣬ࢷࣚࣉࣜࢵኮᩝᏕࡡ㛜ᢽ ◂✪㛣 ᖲᠺ 22ࠤ27 ᖳᗐ ᡜහභྜྷ◂✪⩽ ᮇᒜ⚵᪺ ᡜአභྜྷ◂✪⩽ ℡⏛─㐠ࠉᐋᮇ♰ࠉᕰᕖ ⏛ཾ ெᩐ 10 ெ ⤊㈕ 2,700 ༐ළ 㝧ࠉᒱ㔕❮ୌࠉᆊ㔕 ࠉྚᕖᬓࠉ㧏㐪ᚠᑠࠉ ┷ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ᵾ㧏 3810m ࡛㧏ࡂࠉ᭩ẴῺѸ 80 ࡛ᴗᐨࡡᆀ࡚࠵ࡾࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋᇱᆀࡢࠉኬẴ୯ࡡỀⵠẴࡷ㓗⣪ ᑛ࠷ࡡ࡚Ꮻᏼ࠾ࡼࡡ㉝አ⥲ࠤࢷࣚࣉࣜࢵ࣬ࢦࣇ࣐ࣛἴᖈࡡኬẴྺᑛࡂࠉྜྷ࡞⫴ᬊ㞟㡚࡛ࡾ ኬẴᨲᑏࡵᑛ࠷ࠊࡐࡡࡒࡴࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋᇱᆀࡢᙔラἴ㛏ᇡ࡚ᆀ୕࡚᭩ࡵᏫᏼびῼ࡞㐲ࡊࡒሔᡜ࡚࠵ࡽࠉ ᆀ୕࡞။ୌṟࡈࡿࡒᏫᏼ࡞㛜࠾ࡿࡒ✪ᴗࡡࠔ✾ࠕࢅᥞ౩ࡌࡾࠊࡐࡡࡒࡴࠉࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋᇱᆀ࡞᭻㐪㙶ࢅシ ⨠ࡊ࡙ࠉኯ㝟ࡷᝠ᫅ኬẴࡡびῼ࠾ࡼ㐪᪁Ꮻᏼ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ㖗ἑᙟᠺྍࡱ࡚ࡡびῼⓏ◂✪ࢅ⾔࠹ࡒࡴࡡᢇ⾙㛜 Ⓠࢅ⾔࠷ࠉࡵࡖ࡙༞ᴗኮᩝᏕࡡ㛜ᢽࢅ┘ᣞࡌࠊ රమⓏ࡞ࡢࠉཾᙼ 40cm ㉝አ⥲᭻㐪㙶࠽ࡻࡦ㛭㏻᭻㐪㙶ࢅ㛜Ⓠࡊࠉ㎾എ㖗ἑࡡ᫅⣌ࣀ࣭ࣞࡡࢦࣇࢪࢹࣚ ࢠࢲ࣭ࣔࡡᵋ㏸ࡡゆ᪺࡛ࠉᴗእࢅฺ⏕ࡊࡒ㛏㛣㏻⤾びῼ࡞ࡻࡾࢹࣚࣤࢩࢴࢹἪ⣌አᝠ᫅᥀ᰕཀྵࡦ⣌አ ᝠ᫅びῼࡡࡒࡴࡡᆀ⌣↯ࡡびῼᐁ㥺ࠉኯ㝟⣌ኮమࡡびῼࢅ⾔࠷ࠉ༞ᴗ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ㉝አ⥲ኮᩝᏕࡡᇱ┑ ࢅ⠇ࡂࠊ ࡱࡒࠉཾᙼ 30cm ྊᦑᆵࢦࣇ࣐ࣛἴ᭻㐪㙶ࠉ1.2m ࢦࣇ࣐ࣛࢷࣚࣉࣜࢵ᭻㐪㙶ࡡ㛜Ⓠࢅ⾔࠷ࠉኮࡡᕖ㖗ἑ ධ㟻ࡡ㧏ທ㉫ฦᏄ⥲ࡷࢱࢪࢹࡡᤪኮびῼࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࠉ༞ᴗ࡞࠽ࡄࡾࢦࣇ࣐ࣛࢷࣝࣉࣜࢵኮᩝᏕࡡᇱ┑ࢅ⠇ Ѹ 69Ѹ ― 73 ― ࡂࠊ ࡱࡒࠉࡆࡿࡼࡡᐁ⦴࡛⤊㥺ࢅ㊻ࡱ࠻࡙ࠉࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋᇱᆀ࡞ࡻࡽኬᆵࡡ᭻㐪㙶ࢅシ⨠ࡊ࡙༞ᴗኮᩝᏕࢅ ኬࡀࡂⓆᒈࡈࡎࡾࡒࡴࡡᇱ♇ᢇ⾙㛜Ⓠࢅ⾔࠹ࠊ ◂✪⤊㐛࡛ᠺᯕ ࢵࣜࣉࣚࢷ࣐ࣛࣇࢦېᖈ㛜Ⓠ ࡆࡿࡱ࡚ࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋᇱᆀ࡚ࡡኚᏒࡡࢦࢹㄢᰕࢅ⾔࠷ࠉኬẴ㏩㐛⋙ࡢ࡛㐢ࢂࡍᴗࡴ࡙Ⰳይ࡚࠵ࡽࠉ ࢷࣚࣉࣜࢵኮᩝᏕࡡびῼࢦࢹ࡛ࡊ࡙ࡢࠉᆀ୕᭩Ⰳ࡚࠵ࡾࡆ࡛ࢅሒ࿈ࡊ࡙ࡀࡒࠊḗࡡṹ㝭࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉࢺ࣭ ࣑ࡨࡋᇱᆀ࡚᪡࡞ࢷࣚࣉࣜࢵᖈ࡚ࡡኮమびῼࢅ⾔࠷ࠉびῼࢸ࣭ࢰ࡚ࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋᇱᆀࡡ᭯⏕ᛮࢅ♟ࡌࡆ ࡛ኬว࡚࠵ࡾࠊࡐࡆ࡚ࠉࢷࣚࣉࣜࢵኮᩝᏕࡡ゛⏤࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉ30cm ᭻㐪㙶࡛ࡡ㛜Ⓠࢅ㐅ࡴ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ 30cm ᭻㐪㙶ࡢࠉ500 GHz ᖈ࡚ࡡኮࡡᕖࡡᤪኮびῼࢅ⾔࠹᭻㐪㙶࡚࠵ࡾࠊ࡞⿿షࢅ⤂࠻ࡒࠉࢺ࣭࣑ ࡨࡋᇱᆀ࡚ࡡびῼࡡᠺຉ࡞ࡢࠉ༎ฦム㥺びῼྊḖ࡚࠵ࡾࠊࡊ࠾ࡊࠉࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋᇱᆀࡡびῼࢦࢹ ࡊ࡙ࡡඁనᛮࡢࠉࡡᆀ࡚ࡡ 500GHz ᖈࡡム㥺びῼࡡሔᡜࡡ☔ಕࡡᅏ㞬ࡈࢅណࡌࡾࠊᠻࠍࡢࠉࢲࣛ 㒂ࡡᵾ㧏ࡡ㧏࠷▹₅ᆀᖈࢅ᭯ງム㥺ುᆀ࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉム㥺ሔᡜࡡ☔ಕࢅ┘ᣞࡊࡒࠊࡐࡡ⤎ᯕࠉᵾ㧏 4500m ࡡࣂࣛࢻࢤࢴࢰ㞗ⴘࢅࠉム㥺びῼᆀ࡞㐽ᏽࡊࡒࠊ㧏࠷ᵾ㧏࠾ࡼኬẴࡡ 500GHz ᖈࡡಘྒࡡྺࡢᑛ࠷ ࡆ࡛ᙽ࡚ࡀࠉࢠࢬࢪࡷᑽప⎌ሾࡵⰃይ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ✭ࡡ᮪௲Ⰳ࠷㸝ᮇࡡኚ㸞࡞ 30cm ᭻㐪㙶 ࢅ⌟ᆀ࡞㐘ࡦࠉビ౮ム㥺ࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ 30cm ᭻㐪㙶ࡢྊᦑᛮࢅ≁ᚡ࡛ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࣂࣛࢻࢤࢴࢰ㞗ⴘ࡚ࡢ 4 ெ࡛࠷࠹㝀ࡼࡿࡒெᩐ࡚ࠉ㔔ᶭࢅ ⏕࠷ࡾࡆ࡛ࡂࠉ3 㛣⛤ᗐࡡ▯࠷㛣࡚⤄ࡲ❟࡙ࡷషᴏ࡚ࡀࡾࡆ࡛ࢅᐁチࡊࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉ㧏ᆀ࡚ ࡢࠉ✭Ẵࡂࡾࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡽ෫༴ຝ⋙ୖࡊࠉ㞹Ꮔᶭჹࡡິష␏ᖏᠩᛍࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡒࠉ෫፳ᚘ⎌ ⨠ࢅᑙථࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࠉ㧏ᆀ࡚ࡡິష࡞ࡢၡ㢗↋࠷ࢅᐁチ࡚ࡀࡒࠊࡈࡼ࡞ࠉ30cm ᭻㐪㙶࡞ࡻࡾ 500GHz ࡚ࡡኬẴ㏩㐛⋙ࡡῼᏽ࠾ࡼࠉࣂࣛࢻࢤࢴࢰ㞗ⴘࡢࢷࣚࣉࣜࢵ᭻㐪㙶ࡡム㥺ᆀ࡛ࡊ࡙㐲ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ♟ ࡎࡒࠊࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋᇱᆀ࡚ࡡ 30cm ᭻㐪㙶ࢅ⏕࠷࡙ࡡ 500GHz ᖈ࡚ࡡኬẴ㏩㐛⋙ࡡῼᏽ࡞ࡵ┘ฌ❟ࡖࡒ ࡛ゕ࠻ࡾࠊࡆࡿࡱ࡚ࠉࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋᇱᆀ࡚ࡡኬẴ㏩㐛⋙ࡡᐁῼࡢࠉࡡࢦࢹ࡛ࡡẒ㍉ᐖ᪾ 200GHz ᖈ࡚⾔ࡖ࡙ࡀࡒࠉᮇⓏࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋኮᩝྋᘋシࡡ๑࡞ࡢࠉࢦࢹ㛣ࡡඁࡻࡽ᪺☔࡛ࡾ 500GHz ᖈ࡚ࡡኬẴ㏩㐛⋙ࡡᐁῼ㔔こ࡛ࡾࠊ ⤾࠷࡙ࠉࢲࣛ࡞࠽࠷࡙ࡢࠉᮇᖳᗐࡡ┘ᵾ࡚࠵ࡖࡒ 500GHz ᖈࡡኮమࢅ⏕࠷ࡒム㥺びῼࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊኬ㈹ 㔖᫅ᙟᠺ㡷ᇡ࡚࠵ࡾ M17 ฦᏄ㞴ࡷ࢛࢛ࣛࣤฦᏄ㞴࠾ࡼࡡ 500GHz ᖈ࡚ࡡୌ㓗⅛⣪ CO(J=4-3)୩ࡦ࡞୯ ᛮ⅛⣪ཋᏄ CI ࡡ㍜⥲びῼࡡびῼ࡞ᠺຉࡊࡒࠊࡆࡿࡼࡡ㍜⥲ࡢࠉኮࡡᕖࡡࢦ࣭࣊びῼ࡞࠽ࡄࡾこ ࣈ࣭ࣞࣇ࡚࠵ࡽࠉࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋᇱᆀ࡚ 500GHz ᖈ࡚ࡡኮమびῼ⌟ᐁⓏ࡛ࡖࡒ࡛ゕ࠻ࡾࠊᐁ㝷ࡡኮమび ῼ࡞ࡻࡽࠉᐁ㥺ᐄビ౮࡚ࡢず࠻࡙࠷࠾ࡖࡒၡ㢗Ⅴࡵ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞࡚ࡀࡒࠊ㍜⥲ࢪ࣋ࢠࢹࣜ࡞⌟ࡿࡾᏽᅹἴ Ⓩᠺฦ࡞ࡻࡾびῼវᗐࡡୖࠉུಘᶭࡡᏭᏽࡡ㊂࡞ࡻࡾびῼຝ⋙ࡡୖ➴ࠉࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋᇱᆀ࡚ࡡ㐘 ⏕࡞ྡྷࡄ࡙ࡡㄚ㢗᪺☔࡛ࡖࡒࠊࢲ࡚ࣛࡡム㥺びῼ⤂ᚃ࡞ࠉᮇ࡞ 30cm 㙶ࢅᡘࡊࠉᏽᅹἴ୩ࡦ࡞ Ꮽᏽࡡᑊ➿ࡢᐁ᪃ῥࡲ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ㞹ἴྺᖈࡡ㒼⨠న⨠ࡡ᭩㐲ࠉུಘᶭࣁࢪ౩⤝᪁ᘟࡡず├ࡊ➴ ࡡ⤎ᯕࠉᐁ㥺ᐄ࡚ࣝ࣊ࣜࡢၡ㢗ⅤࡡゆỬ࡞ᠺຉࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊḗᖳᗐ࡞ࡢࠉ30cm ࢅ්ࡦࢲࣛ࡞㐘ࡦࠉム㥺 びῼࢅ⾔࠷ࠉᑊ➿ࡡ᭯ຝᛮࢅᐁチࡌࡾᏽ࡚࠵ࡾࠊࡐࡡᚃࠉ30cm ᭻㐪㙶ࡢࠉ➠㸪4 ḗ༞ᴗびῼ㝪࡚༞ᴗ ࡞ྡྷ࠾࠹ࡆ࡛ࢅ┘ᣞࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ 30cm ྊᦑᆵ᭻㐪㙶ࡡḗࡡṹ㝭࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋᇱᆀ࡚ࡡ㐘⏕ࢅ┘ᣞࡌ 1.2m ࢦࣇ࣐ࣛࢷࣚࣉࣜࢵ㙶 ࡡ㛜Ⓠࡵጙࡴࡒࠊᮇᖳᗐࡢࠉᇱᮇシ゛ཀྵࡦῺୖ࡚ࡡこ⣪ᢇ⾙ࡡ᳠ゞࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊࣤࢷࢻࢨࢪࢷ࣑࡞ࡢࠉ ᐣኃᒜ᭻㐪㙶࡛ࡊ࡙Ὡ㌅ࡊࡒ 1.2m 㙶ࢅ්ฺ⏕ࡌࡾシ゛࡛ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋᇱᆀ࡚ࡢῺୖ㸝᭩ Ѹ 70Ѹ ― 74 ― ẴῺ࣏ࢻࢪ 80Υ㸞ࡡ㐘⏕ࢅᙁ࠷ࡼࡿࡾࠊࡐࡡࡒࡴࠉᐁ㥺ᐄ࡞Ὼ෫ᗔࢅᩒങࡊࠉῺୖ࡚࣓࣭ࢰ㥉 ິム㥺ࡷࠉᨲᑏ෫༴࡞ࡻࡾ㙶㟻ࡡ⤎㟚㜭Ḿࡡᇱ♇ᐁ㥺ࢅ㐅ࡴࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉࢦࣇ࣐ࣛἴࢅ㉰࠻࡙ࢷࣚࣉࣜࢵ ᖈ࡚ࡡびῼ࡞ࡵ⪇࠻ࡾ㙶㟻⢥ᗐࢅ᭯ࡌࡾ࠾ࢅビ౮ࡌࡾᇱ♇ᐁ㥺ࡵ࠽ࡆࡖࡒࠊḗᖳᗐࡢࠉࡆࡿࡼࡡᇱ♇ ᐁ㥺ࢅ㐅ࡴࡾ࡛ྜྷ࡞ࠉム㥺⤎ᯕࢅཬ᫆ࡊࡒ 1.2m 㙶ࡡリ⣵シ゛ࠉ⤾࠷࡙⿿ష࡛㐅ࡳᏽ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ ېྊち㉝አ⥲㛭౿ 40cm ㉝አ⥲᭻㐪㙶ࢅࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋᇱᆀࡡኚࡡ࣏ࢻࢪ 40ΥࢅᏽࡊࡒᨭⰃࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊἴ㛏 1μm ࠾ࡼ 2.5μ ࡞វᗐࡡ࠵ࡾ㉝አ⥲࣒࢜ࣚࢅࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋᇱᆀ࡚⏕ࡌࡾࡒࡴࡡᨭⰃࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ≁࡞ࠉහ㒂࡞▎කᏕ ⣌ࢅථࡿࠉኚࡡኯ㝟ฝ࡙࠷ࡾ㛣࡞ࡵ㏖කࢅ㜭ࡃකᏕ⣌ࢅ㛜Ⓠࡊࡒࠊ༞ᴗࡡ≁ᚡࢅ⏍࠾ࡊ࡙㛏࿔ࡡ ⣌አᝠ᫅⣌ࢅ᥀ࡌࡆ࡛ࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡊࡒ 2 ㏻ࡡᑚᆵ᭻㐪㙶(TwinCam)ࢅ㛜Ⓠࡊࡒࠊ࢛࣭ࢪࢹࣚࣛ࣬ࢼ࣭ࣖ ࢦࢪ࣭࢘ࣜࢫኬᏕ(UNSW)࡛ࡡභྜྷ◂✪࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋᇱᆀ࡞シ⨠ࡌࡾ⮤ິⓆ㞹⨠(PLATO-F) ࡛࣓ࢼࢰ⨠ࢅ⿿షࡊࡒࠊ➠ 52 ḗ༞ᴗᆀᇡびῼ㝪࡞㧏㐪࡛ἀ⏛ཤຊࡊࠉࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋᇱᆀ࡞࠽ࡄࡾኮ మびῼཀྵࡦኮమ࣬Ẵ㇗びῼシങࡡシႜࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ㔘᫅ኯ㝟࠾ࡼ᭩ࡵ㞫ࡿࡒన⨠࡞࠵ࡾࡆ࡛࠾ࡼࠉ㔘᫅ ࡡእഁࡡ CO 㞴ࡡ㏻⤾びῼࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊഁ࠾ࡼࡡකࡡ⁻ࡿ㎰ࡲኬࡀࡂࠉ⛁ᏕⓏ࡞ࡢ᭯ណ⤎ᯕᚋࡼ ࡿ࠾ࡖࡒࠉ㉝አ⥲࡚ࡡኬẴࡡකࡡᩋࡡῼᏽཀྵࡦ᭻㐪㙶࡛㉝አ⥲࣒࢜ࣚࡡᐨ෫ୖ࡚ࡡ⛸ᐁ㥺ࢅ⾔ ࠷ࠉᚃࡡ㉲࣓࣭ࣛࢹびῼࡡࡒࡴࡡᢇ⾙Ⓩㄚ㢗ࡡὑ࠷ฝࡊࢅ⾔࠹ࡆ࡛࡚ࡀࡒࠊྜྷ᭻㐪㙶࡛ྊち ක CCD ࣒࢜ࣚࢅ⏕࠷࡙ࠉ㛣࡚ࡵず࠻ࡾ᫅ࢅࡗ࠾ࡖ࡙ኬẴࡡᨈࡡῼᏽࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊධኮ࣒࢜ࣚࢅ㏻⤾ 㐘㌷ࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡽࠉࢺ࣭࣑ᅹ୯ࡡ㞴ࡡᵕᏄࢅエ㘋ࡊࡒࠊ㉲↋ெびῼࢅ⾔࠹ࡒࡴ࡞ࠉPLATO-Fࠉ16m Ẵ㇗ࢰ࣭࣠(Pt Ὼᗐࢬࣤࢦ࣭࡛㉰㡚ἴ㢴㏷゛ࠉẴᅸ゛)ࠉᆀሾ⏲ᒒ࣓ࢼࢰ⨠(SNODAR)ࠉTwinCamࠉ ධኮ࣒࢜ࣚ(HRCAM)ࠉཀྵࡦ࣓ࢼࢰ⏕࢘ࢴࣇ࣒࢜ࣚࢅシႜࡊࡒࠊ1 ᭮ 27 ࠾ࡼ㏻⤾㐘⏕ࢅ㛜ጙࡊࡐࡡ ᚃࠉᖉᅗᚃࡵ⮤ິ࡚ḿᖏ࡞ິ࠷࡙࠷ࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ☔ヾࡊࡒࠊ⌟ᅹࡵ㏻⤾ࡊ࡙ኮᩝẴ㇗ࢸ࣭ࢰ᧔ࡼࡿࡗࡗ࠵ ࡽࠉୌ㒂ࡢᮇ࣬UNSW ࡞㏞ࡼࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࠊTwinCam ࡞ࡻࡾ⣌አᝠ᫅᥀ᰕࡡ࣓࣭ࣛࢹびῼࢅ㛜ጙࡊࡒࠊࡌ ࡙ࡡ⨠ࡢ PLATO-F ࠾ࡼ㞹″౩⤝ࡈࡿ࡙࠽ࡽࠉ54 ḗ㝪ᮮゴࡌࡾࡱ࡚ࡡ 2 ᖳ㛣ࠉ↋ெ࡚㐘⏕ࡈࡿ ࡾᏽ࡚࠵ࡾࠊࡆࡡ࠾ S16 ࠾ࡼࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋᇱᆀࡡᙸᚗ㊨୕࡚㎾㉝አ⥲࡞ࡻࡾኬẴỀⵠẴ㔖ࡡῼᏽࢅ⾔ ࡖࡒࠊࡐࡡ⤎ᯕᵾ㧏࡛࡛ࡵ࡞ྊ㜾Ề㔖ᣞᩐ㛭ᩐⓏ࡞΅ᑛࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࠉࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋᇱᆀ࡚ࡢ 0.5mmࠤ1mm ࡡ㟸ᖏ࡞ᑛ࠷ೋࢅ♟ࡌࡆ࡛☔ヾ࡚ࡀࡒࠊ KP-13 ኬ㔕 ⩇ୌ᭹ ◂✪ㄚ㢗 ༞ᴗᴗ㝀⎌ሾୖ࡞࠽ࡄࡾࣃࢹࡡ༈ᏕⓏ◂✪ ◂✪㛣 ᖲᠺ 22ࠤ27 ᖳᗐ ᡜහභྜྷ◂✪⩽ ῳ㑋◂ኯ㑳 ᡜአභྜྷ◂✪⩽ ྚ⏛ᩅࠉᒱ⏛ ㇇ࠉኬ㔕⚵ᶖࠉୖᯖྍࠉ▴Ⰳࠉཋ▩Ꮔࠉ㫾ᒷఘ⏍ࠉ ᕖ㒂ူஒࠉ㤣ሔ├⨶ࠉ⏛୯Ⱪ✉ࠉྡྷ༐⚽ࠉኬᓞ ༡ࠉ๑ᕖ๙㍜ࠉ㛏ㆺᕖࠉ ␔ᒜ㝟ࠉᕖኯ㑳 ெᩐ 18 ெ ⤊㈕ 2,150 ༐ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ᴗ㝀࡛ࡵゕ࠻ࡾ༞ᴗࡡ⎌ሾびῼ㝪ဤࡡ㌗మⓏ࠽ࡻࡦᚨ⌦Ⓩᗛ࡞ཀྵࡌᙫ㡢ࢅࠉ⌟ሔ࡚ᚋࡒムᩩࡷ ࡆࡿࡱ࡚ᚋࡒ༈Ꮥ࣬⏍⌦ᏕⓏࢸ࣭ࢰ࠾ࡼ᳠ゞ࣬ゆᯊࡊࠉ༞ᴗ⎌ሾ࡞࠽ࡄࡾびῼ㝪ဤࡡ㌗మⓏ࠽ࡻࡦᚨ⌦ Ѹ 71Ѹ ― 75 ― ᏕⓏ≁ᚡࠉᗛ୕ࡡၡ㢗➴ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡌࡾࠊ ༞ᴗびῼࡡ༈Ꮥ◂✪ཱི࡚ᚋࡊࡒムᩩࡡฦᯊࠉࢸ࣭ࢰࡡࡻࡽ㧏ḗࡡゆᯊࢅ┘ᣞࡌࡵࡡ࡚࠵ࡾࠊරమⓏ࡞ࡢ ࣍ࣚࣤࢷ࠾ࡼᚋࡒ⾉ᾦ➴ࡡࢦࣤࣈࣜࡡฦᯊࠉᚨ⌦ㄢᰕࡡゆᯊ⤎ᯕࢅㄕ᪺ࡊࠉࡻࡽ㧏ḗࡡࣤࢰࣄࣖ ࣭ࡡᐁ᪃ࠉ◂✪ᠺᯕࡡⓆ⾪ࠉ༞ᴗ༈Ꮥ࡞㛭ࡌࡾ᭩᩺ࡡሒஹᥦࡡࡒࡴࡡఌྙ㛜തࢅ⾔࠹ࠊ㛏Ⓩ࡞ࡢࡆ ࡿࡼ࡞ࡻࡽᚋࡒᠺᯕࢅ⥪ྙࡊ࡙びῼ㝪ࡡὩິ࡞ࣆ࣭ࢺࣁࢴࢠࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡽࠉ༞ᴗ࡞࠽ࡄࡾびῼ㝪ဤ ࡡ⑄㜭ࠉᗛቌ㐅࡞㈠ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘ᣞࡌࠊ ◂✪⤊㐛࡛ᠺᯕ ➠ 50 ḗ㉲㝪ဤࡡ༝ງ࡞ࡻࡽᚋࡒᚨ⌦ࣤࢢ࣭ࢹࡡ⤎ᯕࢅゆᯊࡊࠉᕵ᭻ࡌࡾ㝪ဤ࡞ᑊࡊ࡙ᴗᆀ◂✪ ᡜ➴࡚⤎ᯕࢅㄕ᪺ࡌࡾ࡛࡛ࡵ࡞ࠉᙔࡡ≟Ἓࢅ⫀ཱིࡊ࡙᭞࡞㧏ḗࡡゆᯊᮞᩩࢅ㞗ࡊࡒࠊࣤࢢ࣭ࢹහ ᐖࠉᐁ᪃ࡡࢰ࣐ࣤࢡࢅን᭞ࡊ࡙ 2 ᖳḗࡡࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ✒ࡊ࡙ゆᯊࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊᖲᠺ 22 ᖳᗐ࠾ࡼ᩺ࡒ࡞ᐁ ᪃ࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡞ࡊࡒᖉᅗᚃࡡࣤࢰࣄ࣭࡚ࣖᚋࡼࡿࡒ⤎ᯕ࡞㛭ࡊࠉ7 ᭮ࡡ༞ᴗ༈Ꮥ࣬༈⒢࣭࣠ࢠࢨࣘࢴࣈ 㸝༞ᴗ༈Ꮥ࣬༈⒢ WS㸞࡚ሒ࿈ࡊࡒࠊ㉲㝪ဤࡡᚨ⌦ㄢᰕࡡ㔔こ࣎ࣤࢹࡡୌࡗ࡛ࡊ࡙࠷ࡒࠉᖉᅗᚃ ࡡ⫃ሔ➴ࡡ㐲ᚺࡡ㐛⛤࡚ࠉ⫃ሔ⎌ሾ࡞ࡻࡽᵕࠍ≟Ἓ☔ヾࡈࡿࠉᚃ࡛ࡵࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ✒ࡊ࡙ゆᯊࡌ ࡾណ⩇᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡖࡒࠊ Ꮻᏼ⯗✭◂✪㛜Ⓠᶭᵋ㸝JAXA㸞࡛ࡡභྜྷ◂✪ 2 ᖳḗ┘ࡡㄢᰕ࡚⏕ࡊࡒ࣌ࣜࢰ࣭ᚨ㞹゛ࡷ⠾᪾⬳ἴ゛ ➴ࢅᣚᖉࡖ࡙⌟ᆀ࡚ᚋࡒムᩩ➴࡛࡛ࡵ࡞ JAXA ㍲㏞ࡊࡒࠊゆᯊ㐅ࡴࡼࡿࡒㄢᰕ㡧┘࡞ࡗࡀ༞ᴗ༈ Ꮥ࣬༈⒢ WS ࡚㐅ᤎ≟Ἓࡷㄢᰕ࡞࠽ࡄࡾၡ㢗Ⅴࠉゆᯊࡡ㏭୯⤎ᯕ➴ሒ࿈ࡊࡒࠊ㉲㝪ဤࡡ༝ງࢅᚋ࡙ᐁ ᪃ࡊࡒ⏍∸ᏕⓏࣛࢫ࣑◂✪࡞㛭ࡊࠉῼᏽᶭᮞࢅ⌟ሔ࡚╌࣬⏕ࡌࡾ㝷ࡡၡ㢗Ⅴࠉᨭၻࡌࡀ㡧➴࡞ ࡗࡀ⏕ࡊࡒᢰᙔ㝪ဤ࠾ࡼරమⓏᣞᦤ࠵ࡽࠉᚃࡡᨭၻ࡞ࡗࡾᠺᯕᚋࡼࡿࡒࠊ ᅗ❟ᗛ࣬ᰜ㣬◂✪ᡜ࡛ࡡභྜྷ◂✪࡚ᐁ᪃ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾ㣏࡛ᗛ࡞㛭ࡌࡾ◂✪࡚ࡢࠉㄢ⌦㒂㛓࡚ᐁ᪃ࡊ࡙ ࠷ࡾ㣏ᮞ㔖ㄢᰕ࡛㏻ິࡊ࡙ᦜ㣏ㄢᰕࢅ⾔࠷ࠉ༞ᴗ༈Ꮥ࣬༈⒢ WS ➴ࡡሔࢅ㏳ࡊࠉ⌟ሔ࡚⏕ࡌࡾㄢᰕ⚂ ࡞ࡗࡀ๑ᖳࡡム⾔㘊ㄏ࠽ࡻࡦ༝ງ⩽࠾ࡼࡡណずࢅࡨࡱ࠻ࠉ⠾౼࡚ᐁຝⓏ᪁Ἢࡡᨭၻࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ㞗 ࡊࡒࢸ࣭ࢰࡡ㌷㏞࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡢ᪁Ἢ☔❟ࡊ࡙⌟ሔࡡᢰᙔ㝪ဤࡡㇿⲬࡵ㍅΅࡚ࡀࡒࠊࢸ࣭ࢰゆᯊ࡞ࡗ࠷ ࡙ࡢ≁࡞ࢸ࣭ࢰථງ➴ࡡࣛࢮ࣭ࢪ㊂ࡊࠉ≁࡞Ὡິ㔖゛ࢸ࣭ࢰࡡゆᯊ࡞ཱིࡽ࠾࠾ࡿ࡙࠷࠷Ⅴ࡞ࡗࡀࠉ ᰜ㣬゛⟤࡞㛭ࡌࡾฦࡵྱࡴ࡙⟤ᇮ⾔࡞ᨭၻᚪこ࡚࠵ࡾࡆ࡛᪺ࡼ࠾࡛ࡖࡒࠊ ࡱࡒࠉ༞ᴗ༈Ꮥ࣬༈⒢ WS ࡞୯ᅗࠉࢺࢵࠉࣤࢺࠉ㡉ᅗࡡ༞ᴗびῼ㝪༈⒢ᢰᙔ㝪ဤ࠽ࡻࡦྜྷು⩽ࢅ ᣅ࠷ࡊࠉ㉲ᇱᆀ࡚ᐁ㝷࡞㐅ࡴࡼࡿ࡙࠷ࡾ༈Ꮥ◂✪ࠉᇱᆀࡡ༈⒢ࠉ㉲୯ࡡ༈⒢ࡡၡ㢗Ⅴ➴࡞ࡗ ࠷࡙ሒ࿈ࡊ࡙ࡵࡼ࠷ࠉᠻᅗࡡ༞ᴗ༈Ꮥ◂✪࠽ࡻࡦ༈⒢࡞㛭౿ࡌࡾ༈ᖅ࡛㈏㔔ណずஹᥦᐁ᪃࡚ࡀࡒࠊ ୯ᅗࡡ༈ᖅ࠾ࡼࡢࠉහ㝛ࢺ࣭࣑ A ᇱᆀ࡚ࡡびῼὩິ࡞ఔ࠹㧏ᒜᑊ➿ࠉ⥥᛬ᦑฝ➴࡞ࡗࡀၡ㢗Ⅴሒ࿈ ࡈࡿࠉᠻᅗࡡ༈Ꮥ◂✪࡚ࡵࡖࡒ㧏ᡜ༈ᏕⓏ◂✪ࡡ㔔こᛮࢅභ᭯ࡊࡒࠊ ➠ 50 ḗ㉲㝪࡚ᐁ᪃ࡊࡒ༈Ꮥ◂✪࡞ࡻࡽᣚᖉࡖࡒムᩩࡡฦᯊࢅ゛⏤ࡊࠉ⤊㈕ࢅཱིࡽ⨠࠷࡙࠷ࡒࠉฦ ᯊఌ♣ࡡムᩩᘤࡀῳࡊ⛤㐔ࡂࡽ 3 ᭮ 11 ࡛ࡊ࡙࠷ࡒ࡛ࡆࢀࠉ᮶ᮇኬ㟀ⅇ࡞ࡻࡽᐁ⌟࡚ࡀ ࡂࡽࠉᖳᗐᮆ࡛ࡖ࡙゛⏤ᐁ᪃࡚ࡀࡂࡖ࡙ࡊࡱࡖࡒࠊḗᖳᗐ࡚ᐁ⌟࡚ࡀࡾࡻ࠹⌦ゆࢅᚋ࡙ᐁ᪃ ࡊࡒ࠷ࠊ Ѹ 72Ѹ ― 76 ― 5㸣Ꮥ⾙ㄵᩝ 1㸞ᏼ✭ᅥ◂✪ࢡ࣭ࣜࣈ Baumjohann, W., A. 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Discuss., ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 ཋᅽୌ㑳ࠉᖲἉᑠᙢࠉᒜහ ࠉ⏛ ㄌࠉAndreas HerberࠉANTSYO-II members,ኚᏒ༞ᴗᑊὮᅥ୯ࡡ ࢙ࣞࢯࣜ⢇Ꮔࡡฦᕱ࡛Ίྙ≟ឺ㸯ANTSYO-II㸝AGAMES)びῼ,Vol.54ࠉ≁㞗ྒ,༞ᴗ㈠ᩩ, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 ཋᅽୌ㑳㸡㛏⏛㞕㸡▦ྻḿᩅ㸡ᯐᨳᙢ㸡ᒜහ㸡ሲཋ㈏㸡⏛ㄌ,༞ᴗἚᓃᇡ࡚ࡡࣇࣚࢴࢠ࣭࢜࣍ ࣤѸ Ꮢ⟿ን࡛㍲㏞㐛⛤,54, 562-592,༞ᴗ㈠ᩩ, ᰕㄖ↋ࡊ, 2010 ཋᅽୌ㑳㸡㛏⏛㞕㸡▦ྻḿᩅ㸡ᶣ⏛ඔ㸡ᒜහ㸡ᯐᨳᙢ㸡ሲཋ㈏㸡け⏛༐᫋㸡⏛ㄌ,ᇱᆀ࡚ びῼࡈࡿࡒࣉࢫ⌟㇗,54, 593-622,༞ᴗ㈠ᩩ, ᰕㄖ↋ࡊ, 2010 ཋᅽୌ㑳㸡㛏⏛㞕㸡け⏛༐᫋㸡▦ྻḿᩅ㸡ᯐᨳᙢ㸡ᒜහ㸡⏛ㄌ㸡ሲཋ㈏,༞ᴗᑊὮᅥ୯ࡡ㉰᚜ ᑚ⢇ᏄࡡᥱⓆ≁ᛮ࡛ࡐࡡᏒ⟿ን,54, 541-553,༞ᴗ㈠ᩩ, ᰕㄖ↋ࡊ, 2010 ሲཋ㈏㸡▦ྻḿᩅ㸡ᒜ㔕∶㸡㟯ᮄୌ┷㸡ᑚᯐᢽ,ࢼ࣭࢛ࣜࢪ࡚ࣤࡡࢪ࢜ࣚࢩ࢛࣒࣭ࢰびῼ࡞ᇱࡘࡂ 2006 ᖳ࠽ࡻࡦ 2007 ᖳࡡ᫋Ꮢ࢙ࣞࢯࣜࡡකᏕ≁ᛮ,54, 890-898,༞ᴗ㈠ᩩ, ᰕㄖ↋ࡊ, 2010 Ѹ 78Ѹ ― 82 ― ᑚ❻ᢽ㑳,⥪ㄕ㸯㐛ཡ 11,600 ᖳ㛣࡞࠽ࡄࡾ᛬⃥Ẵುንິ,v. 23, p. 75-82,Ềᩝ࣬Ề㈠″Ꮥఌヽ, ᰕㄖ᭯ ࡽ, 2010 ᑚᯐᢽ㸡ཋᅽୌ㑳㸡ሲཋ㈏㸡ᒜහ㸡㛏⏛㞕㸡ኯ⏛ᖶ㞕,ᇱᆀ࡚びῼࡈࡿࡒኬẴ࢙ࣞࢯࣜ୯ ࡡ㔘ᒌᠺฦ࠽ࡻࡦ⅛⣪ᠺฦࡡᏒ⟿ንິ,54, 554-561,༞ᴗ㈠ᩩ, ᰕㄖ↋ࡊ, 2010 ᑚᯐᢽ㸡ᖲズ㸡▦ྻḿᩅ㸡୕⏛ἃஒᏄ㸡㛏⏛㞕㸡ሲཋ㈏㸡⚗ᆀක⏠,ࠔᾇ㮒୷ࠕ༞ᴗ⯗ᾇ࡚びῼ ࡈࡿࡒᾇὊᛮ࢙ࣞࢯࣜࡡකᏕⓏཉࡈ,54, 465-473,༞ᴗ㈠ᩩ, ᰕㄖ↋ࡊ, 2010 ᖲἉᑠᙢ,༞ᴗහ㝛ᇡࡡᏒࡡ᪴Ὼ⌟㇗࡛ᑊὮᅥࡡ⥪びぜᶅᚘ⎌,54㸡≁㞗ྒ,༞ᴗ㈠ᩩ, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 ᖲἉᑠᙢࠉ⏛㜨Ⱪᶖࠉ⏛ཾᙪୌ,࢛࣭ࢪࢹࣚࣛ㉫″ࣚࢺࣤࡡ༞ᴗᇱᆀࡡኬẴ㍲㏞࡛ࡐࡡ࣒࢜ࢼ ࢫ࣑,54,༞ᴗ㈠ᩩ, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 ᮇᒜ⚵᪺,ểᗃࢤ࡞エ㘋ࡈࡿࡒẴು࣬⎌ሾንິ,25(3), 247-255.,࢙ࣞࢯࣜ◂✪, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 ᯐ ᨳᙢࠉᮿᮇ᪾ࠉᖲἉᑠᙢࠉᒜහ ,ࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋᇱᆀ࡛ᇱᆀ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ࢙ࣞࢯࣜ⢇ᙼฦᕱࡡ ㏳ᖳびῼ,Vol.54ࠉ≁㞗ྒ,༞ᴗ㈠ᩩ, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 ᯐᨳᙢ㸡㛏⏛㞕㸡ཋᅽୌ㑳㸡▦ྻḿᩅ㸡ᑚᯐᢽ㸡⊞ཋူ㸡⏛ㄌ㸡ᒜහ㸡ᶣ⏛ඔ㸡ሲཋ㈏, ᇱᆀ࡞࠽ࡄࡾᆀ୕࢙ࣞࢯ࣓ࣜࢼࢰࣛࣤࢡ,54, 474-486,༞ᴗ㈠ᩩ, ᰕㄖ↋ࡊ, 2010 ᰐ⏛㝧㸡ఫ⸠ⷽ㸡ᑚᯐᢽ㸡▦ྻḿᩅ㸡ሲཋ㈏,ᇱᆀ࣏ࢠࣞࣂࣜࢪࣚࢱ࣭࡞ࡻࡖ࡙びῼࡈࡿࡒ 㟸ᆀᙟᛮៈᛮ㔔ງἴ㉫″ࡡ༞ᴗᴗᠺᒒᅥ㞴,54, 779-792,༞ᴗ㈠ᩩ, ᰕㄖ↋ࡊ, 2010 Ờᓧ㞕࣬ᖲἉᑠᙢ࣬ᯐ ᨳᙢ࣬ᒜහ ,1997 ᖳ᫋Ꮢ࡞༞ᴗᇱᆀ࡞࠽࠷࡙Ⓠ⌟ࡊࡒᆀ୕࢛ࢯࣤ᛬ ΅⌟㇗,Vol.54ࠉ≁㞗ྒ,༞ᴗ㈠ᩩ, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 ୯ᓞⱝᙪ㸡ఫఐᾀ㸡▦ྻḿᩅ㸡ሲཋ㈏,༞ᴗᇱᆀ࡞࠽ࡄࡾࣆ࣭࢙ࣛንᥦ㉝አฦකჹ㸝FTIR㸞ࢅ ⏕࠷ࡒᴗᠺᒒᅥ㞴㸝PSC㸞ࡡ≁ᛮビ౮,54, 793-809,༞ᴗ㈠ᩩ, ᰕㄖ↋ࡊ, 2010 㕝ᮄ 㤮ᑋᜠ,༞ᴗᇡ࡞࠽ࡄࡾኬẴᚘ⎌࡛ểᗃࡡኬẴ㍲㏞,ᢝῥ,༞ᴗ㈠ᩩ, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Kobashi, T., J. P. Severinghaus, J.-M. Barnola, K. Kawamura, T. Carter, and T. Nakaegawa,Persistent multi-decadal Greenland temperature fluctuation through the last millennium,100, 733-756,Climatic Change, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Prabhakar, S.V.R.K., T. Kobashi, and S. Ancha,Monitoring Progress of Adaptation to Climate Change: The Use of Adaptation Metrics,Volume 2, No. 4, 435-441,Asian Journal of Environment and Disaster Management, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 3㸞ᆀᅥ◂✪ࢡ࣭ࣜࣈ Adachi, T., Hokada, T., Osanai, Y., Toyoshima, T., Baba, S. and Nakano, N. Titanium behavior in quartz during retrograde hydration: occurrence of rutile exsolution and implications for metamorphic processes in the Sør Rondane Mountains, East Antarctica,3, 222-234, Polar Science, , ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Aoyama, Y. and Kanao, M. Seismological Bulletin of Syowa Station, Antarctica, 2008, 1-85, JARE Data Report, 317 (Seismology 44), , ᰕㄖ↋ࡊ, 2010 Arai, T., Hawke, B.R., Giguere, T.A., Misawa, K., Miyamoto, M. and Kojima, H. Antarctic lunar meteorites Yamato-793169, Asuka-881757, MIL 05035, and MET 01210 (YAMM): Launch pairing and possible cryptomare origin, 74, 2231-2248, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, , ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Baba, S., Hokada, T., Kaiden, H., Dunkley, D. J., Owada, M. and Shiraishi, K. SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating of sapphirine-bearing granulite and biotite-hornblende gneiss in the Schirmacher Hills, East Antarctica: Ѹ 79Ѹ ― 83 ― Implications for Neoproterozoic ultrahigh-temperature metamorphism predating the assembly of Gondwana, 118, 621-639, Journal of Geology, , ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Barrat, J.A., Yamaguchi, A., Zanda, B., Bollinger, C. and Bohn, M. Relative chronology of crust formation on asteroid Vesta: Insights from the geochemistry of diogenite, 74, 6218-6231, Geochim Cosmochim Acta, , ᰕ ㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Doi, K., Shibuya, K., Aoyama, Y., Ikeda, H. and Fukuda, Y. Observed gravity change at Syowa Station induced by Antarctic ice sheet mass change, IAG Symposia 135, Springer, 557-562., Gravity, Geoid and Earth Observation, M. Stelios(Eds.), , ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Doi, K., Ikeda, H., Aoyama, Y. and Shibuya, K. Influence of liquid helium level changes on continuous gravity observation with superconducting gravimeter at Syowa Station, Antarctica, in press, J. Geod. Soc. Japan, 56, 117-124, , ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 㔕ᮄ⩇ྍࠉᮇ᭽ᒈ, ᮇࡡ༞ᴗびῼὩິ࡞࠽ࡄࡾᆀ⌦ሒࢨࢪࢷ࣑(GIS㸞࣭࣎ࢰࣜࢦࢹ, 54(3), 203-215, ༞ᴗ㈠ᩩ, , ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Horie, K., Nutman, A.P., Friend, C.R.L. and Hidaka, H. The complex age of orthogneiss protoliths exemplified by the Eoarchaean Itsaq Gneiss Complex (Greenland): SHRIMP and old rocks, 183, 25–43, Precambrian Research, , ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Horie, K., Tsutsumi, Y., Cho, M., Morishita, Y. and Hidaka, H. Crystallization of REE minerals and redistribution of U, Th, and REE at contact boundary between granite and gabbro during hydrothermal alteration, 35, 284–291, Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, , ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Horie, K., Yamashita, M., Hayasaka, Y., Katoh, Y., Tsutsumi, Y., Katsube, A., Hidaka, H., Kim, H. and Cho, M. Eoarchean–Paleoproterozoic zircon inheritance in Japanese Permo-Triassic granites (Unazuki area, Hida Metamorphic Complex): Unearthing more old crust and identifying source terrranes, 183, 145–157, Precambrian Research, , ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Iizuka, Y., Miura, H., Iwasaki, S., Maemoku, H., Sawagaki, T., Greve, R., Satake, H., Sasa, K and Matsushi, Y. Evidence of past migration of the ice divide between the Shirase and Sôya drainage basins derived from chemical characteristics of the marginal ice in the Sôya drainage basin of East Antarctica. , 56, 395-404, Journal of Glaciology, , ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Imae, N. and Ikeda, Y. High-pressure polymorphs of magnesian orthopyroxene from a shock vein in the Yamato 000047 lherzolitic shergottite, 45, 43-54, Meteoritics and Planetary Science, , ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Jokat, W., Nogi, Y. and Leinweber, V. New aeromagnetic data from the western Enderby Basin and consequences for Antarctic-India break-up, 37, L21311, doi:10.1029/2010GL045117, Geophysical Research Letters, , ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Kanao, M. Detection Capability of Teleseismic Events Recorded at Syowa Station, Antarctica - 1987ࠤ2007-, 54, 1, 11-31, Nankyoku Shiryo (Antarct. Rec.), , ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Kawakami, T. and Hokada, T. Linking P-T path with developement of discontinuous phosphorus zoning in garnet during high-temperature metamorphism - an example from Lutzow-Holm Complex, East Antarctica, 105, 175-186, Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences, , ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Kim, T.-H., Shibuya, K., Doi, K., Aoyama, K. and Hayakawa, H. Validation of global ocean tide models using the superconducting gravimeter data at Syowa Station, Antarctica, and in-situ tide gauge and bottom pressure observations, 5, 21-39, Polar Sci. , , ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Ѹ 80Ѹ ― 84 ― Kusiak, M.A., Dunkley, D.J., Suzuki, K., Kachlík, V., KĊdzior, A., Lekki V. and Opluštil, S. Chemical (non-isotopic) and isotopic dating of Phanerozoic zircon – a case study of durbachite from the TĜebíþ Pluton, Bohemian Massif., 17, 153-161., Gondwana Research, , ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Misawa, K., Kohno, M., Tomiyama, T., Noguchi, T., Nakamura, T., Nagao, K., Mikouchi, T. and Nishiizumi, K. Two extraterrestrial dust horizons found in the Dome Fuji ice core, East Antarctica., 289, 287-297, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., , ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Mizuochi, H., Satish-Kumar, M., Motoyoshi, Y. and Michibayashi, K. Exsolution of dolomite and application of calcite-dolomite solvus geothermometry in high-grade marbles: an example from Skallevikhalsen, East Antarctica. , 28, 509-526., Journal of Metamorphic Geology, , , ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Nakamura, K., Doi, K. and Shibuya, K. Fluctuations in the flow velocity of the Antarctic Shirase Glacier over an 11-year period, Polar Science, 4, 443-455, , ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Hansen, S.E., Nyblade, A.A., Heeszel, D.S., Wiens, D.A., Shore, P. and Kanao, M. Crustal Structure of the Gamburtsev Mountains, East Antarctica, from S-wave Receiver Functions and Rayleigh Wave Phase Velocities, Vol. 300, pp. 395-401, doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2010.10.022 , Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., , ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Suganuma, Y., Yokoyama, Y., Yamazaki, T., Kawamura, K., Horng, C. S. and Matsuzaki, H. Be-10 evidence for delayed acquisition of remanent magnetization in marine sediments: Implication for a new age for the Matuyama-Brunhes boundary, 296, 443-450, Earth Planetary Science Letters, , ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Sugisaki, S., Buylaert, J.-P., Murray, A.S., Tsukamoto, S., Nogi, Y., Miura, H., Saka, S., Iijima, K. and Sakamoto, T. High resolution OSL dating back to MIS 5e in the central Sea of Okhotsk, 5, 293-298, Quaternary Geochronology, , ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Suzuki, K., Dunkley, D.J., Kajizuka, I. and Chwae, U. A preliminary report on the geochemistry of amphibolites from the Chuncheon area in the Gyeonggi massif, Korea. , Journal of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Nagoya University, in press., , ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Tagiri M., Morimoto, M., Mochizuki, R., Yokosuka, A., Dunkley, D.J. and Adachi, T. 1. Hitachi metamorphic rocks: Occurrence of meta-granitic rocks with Cambrian SHRIMP zircon age. 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SHRIMP U-Pb zircon geochronology and Sr-Nd isotopic systematic of the Neoproterozoic Ghimbi-Nedjo mafic to intermediate intrusions of Western Ethiopia: A record of passive margin magmatism at 855 Ma?,International Journal of Earth Sciences, doi: 10.1007/s00531-009-0481-x, , ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Yamaguchi, A., Karouji, Y., Takeda, H., Nyquist, L., Bogard, D., Ebihara, M., Shih, C.-Y., Reese, Y., Garrison, Ѹ 81Ѹ ― 85 ― D., Park, J. and McKay, G. The variety of litholgies in the Yamato-86032 lunar meteorite: Implication for formation processes of the lunar crust, 74, 4507-4530, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, , ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Yamanokuchi, T., Doi, K. and Shibuya, K. Combined use of InSAR and GLAS data to produce an accurate DEM of the Antarctic ice sheet: Example from the Breivika–Asuka station area, 4, 1-17, Polar Science, , ᰕ ㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Yamanokuchi, T., Doi, K. and Shibuya, K. Combined use of InSAR and GLAS data to produce an accurate DEM of the Antarctic ice sheet: Example from the Breivika-Asuka atation area, Polar Science, 4, 1-17, , ᰕㄖ ᭯ࡽ, 2010 ཋ⏛ ㄌࠉఫᰏᩏ㏸ࠉເᓧಞᘧࠉ➗ㆺ㈏ྍࠉ⃕ 㝧㞕ࠉὰ⏛⨶✉ࠉኣ⏛ィᏄࠉᕰཋ ᐰࠉᚃ⸠ᚽᚠࠉ㔕 ᮄ⩇ྍࠉኬけಘெࠉᮿᑹ ῗ, ᾇᗇ㈠″᥀ᰕ࡞ྡྷࡄࡒ☚Ẵ᥀ᰕ⨠ࡡ㛜Ⓠ-R/Vࠔࡻࡆࡌ࠾ࠕYK09-09 ⯗ ᾇ࡞࠽ࡄࡾᐁᾇᇡム㥺-, ➠ 8 ᕬࠉ➠ 2 ྒࠉ23-40 㡣, ᮶ᾇኬᏕ⣎こᾇὊᏕ㒂ࠔᾇʊ⮤↓࡛ᩝࠕ, , ᰕ ㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 ᩺├ᶖࠉ⸠ᐁࠉᅰᾀୌ㑳ࠉ㟯ᒜ㞕ୌ, ᇱᆀ࿔㎮࡞࠽ࡄࡾ༞ᴗểᗃࡡὮິῼᏽʊGPS ㏳ᖳび ῼࡡ⤎ᯕ࠾ࡼʊ, 54㸡3㸡216-225, ༞ᴗ㈠ᩩ, , ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 ୯ᮟࠉ㟯ᮄⱩࠉ㇇⏛ጸಘࠉ㟯ᒜ㞕ୌ, ༞ኬὊ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ✒㞯ࡡ㓗⣪ᏭᏽྜྷనమẒࡡ⦃ᗐฦᕱ࡛Ꮢ⟿ ን, 54, 2, ༞ᴗ㈠ᩩ, , ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Yanagihara, H., Himeno T. and Yuan, K. GLS discrepancy based information criteria for selecting covariance structure models, 37 (2), 71-86, Behaviormetrika, , ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Himeno, T. A test for the equality of means of two groups with different variances when the sample size and the dimension are large, 39 (11), 2081-2093, doi:10.1080/03610920902972327, Communications in Statistics Theory and Methods, , ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 4㸞⏍∸ᅥ◂✪ࢡ࣭ࣜࣈ ᕝ⸠ ᰜࠉ⏛㑌ඁ㈏Ꮔࠉහ⏛㞖ᕤࠉᇷ ග༡,༞ᴗ‘㏳ᖳびῼ⏕ࣄࢸ࢛࣒࢜ࣚࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࡡ㛜Ⓠ࡛シ ⨠,54(3), 226-235,༞ᴗ㈠ᩩ, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Kosugi M, Katashima Y, Aikawa S, Tanabe Y, Kudoh S, Kashino Y, Koike H, Satoh K,Comparative study on the photosynthetic properties of Prasiola (Chlorophyceae) and Nostoc (Cyanopheceae) from Antarctic and non-Antarctic sites,46(3), 466-476, DOI:10.1111/j.1529-8817.2010.00831.x,Journal of Phycology, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Tanabe Y, Ohtani S, Kasamatsu N, Fukuchi M, Kudoh S,Photophysiological responses of phytobenthic communities to the strong light and UV in Antarctic shallow lakes,33(1), 85-100, DOI:10.1007/s00300-009-0687-1,Polar Biology, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Sachiko Oguma, Tsuneo Ono, Yutaka W. Watanabe, Hiromi Kasai, Shuichi Watanabe, Daiki Nomura, Humio Mitsudera ,Flux of low salinity water from Aniva Bay (Sakhalin Island) to the southern Okhotsk Sea,91, pp24-31, 2011,Estuary, Coastal and Shelf Science, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Daiki Nomura, Hajo Eicken, Rolf Gradinger, Kunio Shirasawa,Rapid physically driven inversion of the air-sea ice CO2 flux in the seasonal landfast ice off Barrow, Alaska after onset of surface melt,30, 1998-2004,Continental Shelf Research, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Daiki Nomura, Takanobu Toyota, Kunio Shirasawa, Hisayuki Yoshikawa-Inoue,The effect of snow cover and Ѹ 82Ѹ ― 86 ― sea ice surface conditions on air-sea ice CO2 flux,56, 196, 262-270,Journal of Glaciology, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Daiki Nomura, Jun Nishioka, Mats A. Granskog, Andreas Krell, Sumito Matoba Takenobu Toyota, Hiroshi Hattori and Kunio Shirasawa,Nutrient distributions associated with snow and sediment layers in sea ice of the southern Sea of Okhotsk,119, 1-8,Marine Chemistry, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 ⥝㈇㇇ࠉ㧏ᶣ࿔ࠉTrathan PNࠉWanless Sࠉᆊᮇኯ㑳ࠉఫ⸠ගᩝ,ࡂỷ㜾ࡌࡾᾇ㫵ࡡࢪࢹ࣭ࣞࢠㄢ ⟿㸯ࢦࢪࢩ࣭ࣘࢩ࣑ࢻࢩࣞࣃ࣒࣐࣬࢝ࣚࢪ࣏࣬࢜ࣞࢼ࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤࡡẒ㍉,59, 20-30,ᮇ㫵Ꮥఌ ヽ, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 David J. McLeod, Graham W. Hosie, John A. Kitchener, Kunio T. Takahashi, and Brian P.V. Hunt,Zooplankton atlas of the Southern Ocean: The SCAR SO-CPR survey (1991-2008).,4: 353-385,Polar Science, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 㧏ᶣ࿔ࠉ౪⏛,⥪ㄕ㸯ࣁ࢛ࣞ࢟ࣤࢡ࡞ࡻࡾ㫵㢦◂✪,59, 3-19,ᮇ㫵Ꮥఌヽ, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Hosoi-Tanabe, S., Zhang, H., Zhu, D., Nagata, S., Ban, S. & Imura, S. ,Comprehensive analysis of an Antarctic bacterial community with the adaptability of growth at higher temperatures than those in Antarctica.,15: 57-62.,Biocontrol Sci., ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Ichinomiya, M., Nakamachi, M., fukuchi, M., Taniguchi, A.,Resting cells of microorganisms in the 20-100 um fraction of marine sediments in an Antarctic coastal area.,Polar , ᰕㄖ↋ࡊ, 2010 Ito M, Takahashi A, Kokubun N, Kitaysky AS, Watanuki Y.,Foraging behavior of incubating and chick-rearing thick-billed murres Uria lomvia,8, 279-287,Aquatic Biology, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Kawatsu S, Sato K, Watanabe Y, Hyodo S, Breves JP, Fox KB, Grau GE, Miyazaki N,A New Method to Calibrate Attachment Angles of Data Loggers in Swimming Sharks. ,Article ID 732586, 6 pages,EURASIP J. Adv. Signal Process., ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Kimura, S., Ban, S., Imura, S., Kudoh, S. & Matsuzaki, M.,Limnological characteristics of vertical structure in the lakes of Syowa oasis, East Antarctica. ,3: 262-271.,Polar Science, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Kimura, S., Ban, S., Imura, S., Kudoh, S. & Matsuzaki, M.,Limnological characteristics of vertical structure in the lakes of Syowa oasis, East Antarctica,3, 262-271,Polar Science, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Kokubun N, Takahashi A, Ito M, Matsumoto K, Kitaysky AS, Watanuki Y.,Annual variation in the foraging behaviour of thick-billed murres in relation to upper-ocean thermal structure around St. George Island, Bering Sea,8, 289-298,Aquatic Biology, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Kokubun N, Takahashi A, Mori Y, Watanabe S, Shin HC,Comparison of diving behaviour and foraging habitat use between chinstrap and gentoo penguins breeding in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica,157, 811-825,Marine Biology, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Kosugi M, Katashima Y, Aikawa S, Tanabe Y, Kudoh S, Kashino Y, Koike H, Satoh K,Comparative study on the photosynthetic properties of Prasiola (Chlorophyceae) and Nostoc (Cyanopheceae) from Antarctic and non-Antarctic sites,46(3), 466-476,Journal of Phycology, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Kudoh S., Tanabe Y., Uchida M. and Hori K.,Development and setting of a time-lapse video camera system for the Antarctic lake observation.,54: 226-235,Nankyoku Shiryo, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Kunio T. Takahashi, Graham W. Hosie, John A. Kitchener, David J. McLeod, Tsuneo Odate and Mitsuo Fukuchi,Comparison of zooplankton distribution patterns between four seasons in the Indian Ocean sector of the Southern Ocean.,4: 317-331,Polar Science, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Kunio T. Takahashi, So Kawaguchi, Graham W Hosie, Tatsuki Toda, Mikio Naganobu and Mitsuo Ѹ 83Ѹ ― 87 ― Fukuchi,Surface zooplankton distribution in the Drake Passage recorded by Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR) in late austral summer of 2000.,3: 235-245,Polar Science, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Kurosawa, N., Sato, S., Kawarabayashi, Y., Imura, S. and Naganuma, T.,Archaeal and bacterial community structures in the anoxic sediment of Antarctic meromictic lake Nurume-Ike.,4: 421-429.,Polar Science, ᰕㄖ ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Makabe, R., Hattori, H., Sampei, M., Ota, Y., Fukuchi, M., Fortier. L., Sasaki. H.,Regional and seasonal variability of zooplankton collected using sediment traps in the southern Beaufort Sea, Canadian Arctic.,10, 1007 (in press),Polar ]Biology, ᰕㄖ↋ࡊ, 2010 Matsumoto, G.I., Tani, Y., Seto, K., Tazawa, T., Yamamuro, M., Watanabe, T., Nakamura, T., Takemura, T., Imura, S. & Kanda, H.,Holocene paleolimnological changes in Lake Skallen Oike in the Syowa Station area of Antarctica inferred from organic components in a sediment core (Sk4C-02).,44: 677-693, J Paleolimnol., ᰕ ㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Mori Y, Kokubun N, Shin H-C, Takahashi A.,An observation of between-mates feeding behaviour in chick-guarding chinstrap penguins.,33, 1437-1438,Polar Biology, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Mori Y, Takahashi A, Trathan PN, Watanuki Y,Optimal stroke frequency pattern during diving in seabirds,8, 247-257,Aquatic Biology, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Naito Y, Bornemann H, Takahashi A, McIntyre T, Plotz J,Fine-scale feeding behavior of Weddell seals revealed by a mandible accelerometer,4, 309-316.,Polar Science, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Nakatsubo T., Fujiyoshi M., Yoshitake S., Koizumi H. and Uchida M.,Colonization of the polar willow Salix polaris on the early stage of succession after glacier retreat in the High Arctic, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard.,in press,Polar Research, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Sasaki, M., Endoh, N., Imura, S, Kudoh, S., Yamanouchi, T., Morimoto, S. and Hashida, G.,Air-lake exchange of methane during the open water season in Syowa Oasis, East Antarctica.,115: D16313, doi:10.1029/2010JD013822.,J. Geophysical Research, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Sasaki, M., Endoh, N., Imura, S, Kudoh, S., Yamanouchi, T., Morimoto, S. and Hashida, G,Air-lake exchange of methane during the open water season in Syowa Oasis, East Antarctica,115, D16313,J. Geophysical Research, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Sato K, Shiomi K, Watanabe Y, Watanuki Y, Takahashi A, Ponganis P,Scaling of swim speed and stroke frequency in geometrically similar penguins - they swim optimally to minimize cost of transport.,277, 707-714,Proceedings of the Royal Society B, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Sato K, Shiomi K, Watanabe Y, Watanuki Y, Takahashi A, Ponganis PJ,Scaling of swim speed and stroke frequency in geometrically similar penguins: they swim optimally to minimize cost of transport., 277ࠉ 707-714,Proc. R. Soc. B, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Takahashi, K-T., G. W. Hosie, J. Kitchener, D. McLeod, T. Odate & M. Fukuchi,Comparisom of zooplankton distribution patterns between four seasons in the Indian Ocean sector of the Southern Ocean,4, 317-331,Polar Science, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Takahashi, T.K., Kawaguchi, S. Hosie, W.G., Toda, T., Naganobu, M., Fukuchi, M.,Surface zooplankton distribution in the Drake Passage recorded by Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR) in late aaustral summer of 2000,10.1016 (in press),Polar Science, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Tanabe Y, Ohtani S, Kasamatsu N, Fukuchi M, Kudoh S,Photophysiological responses of phytobenthic Ѹ 84Ѹ ― 88 ― communities to the strong light and UV in Antarctic shallow lakes,33(1), 85-100,Polar Biology, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Tanabe Y, Ohtani S, Kasamatsu N, Fukuchi M, Kudoh S,Photophysiological responses of phytobenthic communities to the strong light and UV in Antarctic shallow lakes,33(1), 85-100,Polar Biology, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Uchida M., Kishimoto A., Muraoka H., Nakatsubo T., Kanda H. and Koizumi H. ,Seasonal shift in factors controlling net ecosystem production in a high Arctic terrestrial ecosystem.,123: 79-85,Journal of Plant Research, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Uchida, M., A. Kishimoto, H. Muraoka, T. Nakatsubo, H. Kanda and H. Koizumi,Seasonal shift in factors controlling net ecosystem production in a high Arctic terrestrial ecosystem,123:79-85.,J. Plant Res., ᰕㄖ᭯ ࡽ, 2010 Ushida, K., T. Segawa, S. Kohshima, N. Takeuchi, K. Fukui, Z Li, and H. Kanda,Application of real-time PCR array to the multiple detection of antibiotic resistant genes in glacier ice samples. ,56, 43-52,J. Gen. Appl. Microbial, , ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Watanuki Y, Takahashi A, Sato K,Individual variation of foraging behavior and food provisioning in Adelie penguins in a fast-sea-ice area.,127, 523-531,Auk, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Yamamoto T, Takahashi A, Katsumata N, Sato K, Trathan PN.,At-sea distribution and behaviour of streaked shearwaters (Calonectris leucomelas) during the non-breeding period.,871-881,Auk, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Yamamoto, T., Yoshikiyo, K., Min, Y-K., Hamaguchi, H., Imura, S., Kudoh, S., Takahashi, T. & Yamamoto, N,A near-infrared Raman spectroscopic study on the bovine lens applied to the solar radiation in Antarctica,968, 115-119,Journal of Molecular Structure, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Yamamoto, T., Yoshikiyo, K., Min, Y-K., Hamaguchi, H., Imura, S., Kudoh, S., Takahashi, T. & Yamamoto, N.,A near-infrared Raman spectroscopic study on the bovine lens applied to the solar radiation in Antarctica.,968: 115-119.,Journal of Molecular Structure, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Yoshitake S., Uchida M., Koizumi H., Kanda H. and Nakatsubo T.,Production of biological soil crusts in the early stage of primary succession on a High Arctic glacier foreland.,186: 451-460,New Phytologist, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Zhang, H., Hosoi-Tanabe, S., Nagata, S., Ban, S. & Imura, S.,Psychroflexus lacisalsi sp. nov., a moderate halophilic bacterium isolated from a hypersaline lake (Hunazoko-Ike) in Antarctica.,48: 160-164.,J. Microbiology, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 ᕝ⸠ ᰜࠉ⏛㑌ඁ㈏Ꮔࠉහ⏛㞖ᕤࠉᇷ ග༡,༞ᴗ‘㏳ᖳびῼ⏕ࣄࢸ࢛࣒࢜ࣚࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࡡ㛜Ⓠ࡛シ ⨠,54(3), 226-235,༞ᴗ㈠ᩩ, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 5㸞ᴗᆀᕝᏕ◂✪ࢡ࣭ࣜࣈ Murakami, G., I. Yoshikawa, Y. Obana, K. Yoshioka, G. Ogawa, A. Yamazaki, M. Kagitani, M. Taguchi, M. Kikuchi, S. Kameda, and M. Nakamura, First sequential images of the plasmasphere from the meridian perspective observed by KAGUYA,62, e9-e12, Earth, Planets, and Space, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Yoshikawa, I., G. Murakami, G. Ogawa, K. Yoshioka, Y. Obana, M. Taguchi, A. Yamazaki, S. Kameda, M. Nakamura, M. Kikuchi, M. Kagitani, S. Okano, and W. Miyake,Plasmaspheric EUV image seen from the Ѹ 85Ѹ ― 89 ― lunar orbit: Initial Result of Extreme Ultraviolet Telescope onboard KAGUYA spacecraft,115, A04217, doi:10.1029/2009JA014978,Journal of Geophysical Research, ᰕㄖ᭯ࡽ, 2010 Ѹ 86Ѹ ― 90 ― 6．口頭発表 1）宙空圏研究グループ ᳯዥ⋭ޔਛථมޔᎹේ℉ޔ㡆ᢔੂࠗ࠳ߦࠃࠆਛ✲ᐲ MLT 㗔ၞߩ᷷ᐲߣ࠽࠻࠙ࡓጀߩⷰ ᷹ ╙ޔ5 ࿁ MU ࠳ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓޔቝᴦޔ1 19́20 ᣣ ᳯዥ⋭ޔISS-IMAP ࡢࠠࡦࠣࠣ࡞ࡊޔISS-IMAP ߦࠃࠆਛ㑆᷹ⷰޔISS-IMAP ⎇ⓥ㓸ળ᧲ޔ੩ޔ 12 ᳯዥ⋭ޔਛථมޔ㋈ᧁ⑲ᒾޔ㒙⌀ޔႇ㓷ၮޔ౷Ꮉ༑ᒄޔဈ㊁ઍޔᎹේ℉ޔ⮮⮍ޔධᭂ ၞ᷹ⷰ╙ VII ᦼ㊀ὐ⎇ⓥ᷹ⷰߢ㐿⊒ߐࠇߚࠗࠗ࠳ߩᴫ㨪ᭂၞਛጀ㜞ጀᄢ᳇᷹ⷰߦ ะߌߡ㨪ޔᭂၞ⑼ቇࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ᧲ޔ੩ޔ12 ᳯዥ⋭ޔਛථมޔᎹේ℉ޔർේมޔධᭂᤘၮߢࠗ࠳᷹ⷰߐࠇߚࠝࡠ☸ሶ㒠ࠅㄟߺᤨ ߩ Na ጀޔSGEPSS ⑺ቇળޔᴒ✽ޔ11 ᳯዥ⋭ޔਛථมޔ㒙⌀ࡓ࠙ࠞޔ㡆ᢔੂࠗ࠳ߦࠃࠆ 3 ᵄ᷹ⷰߩߚߩᦨㆡᵄᢙߩᬌ⸛ޔ LSS28ޔṑ⾐ޔ9 Ejiri, Mitsumu K., Takuji Nakamura, Takuya D. Kawahara, C. Y. She, and David A. Krueger, Calibration of laser frequency for Na temperature lidar using resonance scattering signal, COSPAR, Bremen, German, July ⮮ේᐽᓼޔựญ૫ਯޔ↰⦟ޔਛථมޔႇ㓷ၮޔ㒙⌀ޔGPS หᦼࡃࠗࠬ࠲࠹ࠖ࠶ࠢ MU ࠳ ᵹᤊ᷹ࠛࠦⷰߦࠃࠆᵹᤊ゠ផቯߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ,╙ 5 ࿁ MU ࠳ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓޔቝᴦޔ1 19́20 ᣣ Grocott, A., S. E. Milan, N. Sato, J. A. Wild, T. K. Yeoman, A. S. Yukimatu, Substorm associated convection in the northern and southern auroral ionospheres, SuperDARN Workshop 2010 Grocott, A., S. E. Milan, N. Sato, J. A. Wild, T. K. Yeoman, A. S. Yukimatu, Substorm associated plasma convection in the northern and southern hemispheres,10th International Conference on Substorm (ICS-10) Grocott, A., S. E. Milan, N. Sato, J. A. Wild, T. K. Yeoman, A. S. Yukimatu, Auroral Conjugacy and Non-conjugacy (Invited talk), 10th International Conference on Substorm (ICS-10), San Luis Obispo, California, U.S.A., March Grocott, A., S. E. Milan, N. Sato, J. Wild, T. Yeoman, A. S. Yukimatu, The Ionospheric Convection Response To Different Modes Of Geomagnetic Activity, AGU 2010 Western Pacific Geophysics Meeting (WPGM 2010) Hosokawa, K., Y. Ogawa, A. Kadokura, S. E. Milan, M. Lester, and N. Sato, Modulation of Ionosphere Associated with Pulsating Aurora - Observations in Iceland and Norway -,IPY Oslo Science Conference, Oslo, Norway, 8 June Kadokura, Akira, Natsuo Sato, Hisao Yamagishi, Tetsuo Motoba, Makoto Taguchi, Takayuki Ono, Yuka Sato, Keisuke Hosokawa, and Gunnlaugur Bjornsson,Current Status of Upper Atmosphere Physics Observation in Iceland, Second International Symposium on the Arctic Research (ISAR-2) 㐷ୖᤘ ߩ߷ߌޔATV ࠴ࡓ ߩ߷ߌޔATVⴡޔᤊ߆ࠄߩࠝࡠ᷹ⷰޔᤄޔࠄ߆ࠇߎߡߒߘޔ ቝቮ⥶ⓨ⎇ⓥ㐿⊒ᯏ᭴ ቝቮ⑼ቇ⎇ⓥᚲ⏛ޔ᳇㔚㔌ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ ߩ߷ߌޟ22 ᐕ⸥ᔨࠪࡦ ࡐࠫ࠙ࡓޠ 㐷ୖᤘޔችጟብޔ2009 ᐕᄥ㓁ᵴേᭂዊᦼߩᤘၮߦ߅ߌࠆࠝࡠᵴേޔ㔚⏛᳇ᖺᤊ ቇળ╙ 128 ࿁✚ળ⻠Ṷળ 㧙㧙 ― 91 ― 㐷ୖᤘޔችጟብޔጊጯਭ㓶ޔᭂ⎇ቮⓨ⎇ⓥࠣ࡞ࡊ╙ޔΪᦼߦ߅ߌࠆᤘၮࠝࡠశቇ᷹ⷰޔ ╙ 34 ࿁ޟᭂၞቮⓨࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓޠ ᯅญᶈਯޔᵤ↰ᢅ㓉ޔጊᧄⴡޔጊᧄ⌀ਯޔฎᧄᷕ৻ޔᷓየ৻㇢ޔ⮮੧ޔጊਛᄢቇޔਛථมޔᵿ ᵤ੨ഥޔᷰㆺિ৻㇢ޔసਯޔ੩ㇺᄢቇߦ߅ߌࠆน៝ဳዊဳᄢ᳇࠳ߩ㐿⊒ ╙ޔ5 ࿁ MU ࠳ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓޔቝᴦޔ1 19́20 ᣣ Hori, T., N. Nishitani, Y. Miyashita, Y. Miyoshi, K. Seki, T. Segawa, K. Hosokawa, A. S. Yukimatu, Y. Tanaka, N. Sato, M. Kunitake, and T. Nagatsuma, Development of CDF conversion scheme for SDD fitacf files by ERG-Science Center: A new data analysis platform powered by the THEMIS tool, SuperDARN Workshop 2010 Hosokawa, K., Y. Ogawa, A. Kadokura, H. Miyaoka, and N. Sato, Modulation of ionospheric conductance and electric field associated with pulsating aurora, EGU General Assembly, Vienna, Austria, 5 May Kero, Johan, Csilla Szasz, Takuji Nakamura, Toshio Terasawa, Hideaki, Miyamoto, Koji Nishimura, Advances in meteor head echo analysis ╙ޔ5 ࿁ MU ࠳ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓޔቝᴦޔ1 19́20 ᣣ ഏᑪァޔ⢫⚃ᯅޔ㖧ᓼൎᧁ⨹ޔᔀޔ⢫Ỉ㛁ޔᒛർㄖޔᬢᕺᩮޔ⮮ᄐ㓶᧻ⴕޔᓆޔᶏ⠧ේテޔධᭂ ߩ Zhongshan ߣ South Pole ߢ᷹ⷰߐࠇߚᣂဳ࡚ࠪ࠶ࠢࠝࡠ ╙ޔ128 ࿁㔚⏛᳇ᖺᤊ ቇળ Miyaoka, H., Y. Ogawa, M. Tutsumi, A. Kadokura, T. Nakamura, H. Yamagishi, N. Sato, S. Nozawa, S. Oyama, R. Fujii, and the project members,International collaborative studies on the arctic upper and middle atmosphere based on the EISCAT radar and ground-based observations, Second International Symposium on the Arctic Research (ISAR-2), Tokyo, 7-9 Dec. ችጟብߦ࡞࠺ࡕ⊛⸘⛔ޔၮߠߊ⑼ቇߦ߅ߌࠆㅒ㗴⸃ᚻᴺ,ᖱႎࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ⎇ⓥᯏ᭴ ᣂ㗔ၞⲢ ว⎇ⓥࡦ࠲ޟᯏ⢻ߣᏫ⚊㧦ᖱႎൻᤨઍߦߑߔ⑼ቇ⊛ផ⺰ߩᒻ⚳ᦨ࠻ࠢࠚࠫࡠࡊޠᚑᨐႎ๔ળޔ 2 8-9 ᣣ ችጟብޔ㊁ỈᖗᓼޔዊᎹᵏାޔᄢጊિ৻㇢⮮ ޔ⦟৻ޔ⮮ᄐ㓶ޔEsa Turunen,EISCAT_3D㧔ᰴઍ ᰷Ꮊ㕖ᐓᷤᢔੂ࠳⸘↹㧕ߩ⁁ߣᓟ ╙ޔ1 ࿁ᭂၞ⑼ቇࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓޔ࿖┙ᭂ⎇ⓥᚲޔ12 2ᣣ ችጟብޔዊᎹᵏାޔႇ㓷ၮޔ㐷ୖᤘޔਛථมޔ㊁Ỉᖗᓼޔᄢጊિ৻㇢⮮ޔ⦟৻ࠢࠚࠫࡠࡊ߆߶ޔ ࠻⎇ⓥࠣ࡞ࡊޔEISCAT ࠳ߥࠄ߮ߦὐ᷹ⷰߦၮߠߊർᭂ㜞ጀਛጀᄢ᳇ߩ࿖㓙 ห⎇ⓥޔCAWSES-II ࠠ࠶ࠢࠝࡈࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓޔ੩ㇺᄢቇቝᴦࠠࡖࡦࡄࠬޔޠࠩࡊߊ߫߁߅ޟ6 16-17 ᣣ ችᧄ⧷ޔኹỈᢅᄦޔਛථมޔศ↰⧷ੱ⥓ޔዬ㓉ᔒ⮮ޔේᐽᓼޔựญ૫ਯޔMU ࠳ߦࠃࠆᵹ ᤊ゠ߩ᷹ⷰ - ࡑ࡞࠴ࠬ࠲࠹ࠖ࠶᷹ࠢⷰߣ 25ch ࡋ࠶࠼᷹ࠛࠦⷰ - ╙ޔ5 ࿁ MU ࠳ࠪࡦࡐ ࠫ࠙ࡓޔቝᴦޔ1 19́20 ᣣ ችਅᐘ㐳ޔਃᅢ↱⚐ޔ㑐⪇ᄹሶޔၳᥓᤘޔἑᎹ♿ޔႮᎹᄦޔᦸ⼱ޔဈ㊁ஜޔ㐳ᆄദޔ࿖ᱞቇޔ ↰ਛ⦟ޔ⢻ᱜੳޔᴡ㊁⧷ᤘ᧻ⴕޔᓆ⚦ޔᎹᢘ↰ޔஜผޔḡరᷡᢥޔ⮮ᄐ㓶ޔERG ࠨࠗࠛ ࡦࠬࡦ࠲࠲ࠬࠢ࠴ࡓޔERG ࠨࠗࠛࡦࠬࡦ࠲ߦ߅ߌࠆ᷹ⷰ࠺࠲ࡌࠬߩ᭴▽ 㧔Construction of database of ground-based observations at ERG Science Center㧕ޔᣣᧄᖺᤊ⑼ቇㅪว 2010 ᐕᄢળ ర႐ື㇢⚦ޔᎹᢘޔ⮮ᄐ㓶ޔ㐷ୖᤘޔG. BjornssonޔIMF By ᄌേߦኻߔࠆධർᓎὐࠝࡠߩ ᔕ╵ ╙ޔ2 ࿁㔚⏛‛ℂቇࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓޔጟޔ3 㧙㧙 ― 92 ― ਛථมޔኻᵹߣਛ㑆ᾲ㔚㔌ߩਅ⚿ว 㧙⒳ߩ࡞ࠤࠬߩޘᄢ᳇ᵄേߩᓎഀ㧙 ╙ޔ4 ࿁ޟᢥบߦࠃࠆࠨࠗࠛࡦࠬޔࡓ࠙ࠫࡐࡦࠪޠᨰޔ1 25-26 ᣣ ਛථมޔႇ㓷ၮޔᳯዥ⋭ޔ㋈ᧁ⤿ޔᎹේ℉ޔႮᎹᄦޔW. WardޔMU ࠳ᵹᤊࡕ࠼ߣశቇ ᷹ⷰߦࠃࠆ MLT 㗔ၞߩⓨ㑆᭴ㅧߩ⎇ⓥ ╙ޔ5 ࿁ MU ࠳ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓޔቝᴦޔ1 19́20 ᣣ ਛථมޔᳯዥ⋭ޔ㋈ᧁ⑲ᒾޔ㒙⌀ޔᎹේ℉ޔဈ㊁ઍޔ⍫็ᱜᢎޔA03㧦వ┵⊛శቇ᷹ⷰߦ ࠃࠆධᭂၞᄢ᳇ਅㇱ㔚㔌ߩᄌേߩ⎇ⓥޔPANSY ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ᧲ޔ੩, 12 ⼱ᦸޔዊᎹᔘᒾ⩵ޔᳰፏޔᶏ⠧ේテޔၳᥓᤘ᧻ⴕޔᓆޔႮᎹᄦޔᄢႦ㓶৻ޔ㈅ㆇ⚦ޔᎹᢘޔ ጟ㦖ፄޔਭ↰ታޔർᶏ-㒽 HF ࠳ࠣ࡞ࡊޔSuperDARN ർᶏ-㒽 HF ࠳ߩ ᴫႎ๔㧔2010.10㧕 ╙ޔ128 ࿁㔚⏛᳇ᖺᤊቇળ Ogawa, Y., S. C. Buchert, I. Häggström, R. Fujii, S. Nozawa, and H. Miyaoka, On the statistical relation between ion upflow and naturally enhanced ion-acoustic lines observed with the EISCAT Svalbard radar, IPY Open Science Conference, Oslo ዊᎹᵏାޔEISCAT ࠴ࡘ࠻ࠕ࡞ޔSTE ⎇ⓥ㓸ળޟᄙὐⴡᤊ࠺࠲⸃ᨆߦࠃࠆ⏛᳇࠳ࠗ࠽ ࡒࠢࠬ⎇ⓥળޔޠ㜞⍮Ꮏᬺ㜞╬ኾ㐷ቇᩞ ዊᎹᵏାޔ㊁Ỉᖗᓼޔችጟብޔᄢጊિ৻㇢ޔ㥱⮮ᤘೣޔర႐ື㇢⮮ޔ⦟৻ޔ᰷Ꮊ㕖ᐓᷤᢔੂ㧔EISCAT㧕 ࠺࠲ࡌࠬࠍ↪ߚᭂၞ㜞ጀᄢ᳇⎇ⓥ ╙ޔ128 ࿁ SGEPSS ቇળޔᴒ✽⋵Ꮢ↸⥄ᴦળ㙚 ዊᎹᵏାޔS. C. BuchertޔIngemar Häggström⮮ޔ⦟৻ޔ㊁ỈᖗᓼޔችጟብޔEISCAT ࠬࡧࠔ࡞ࡃ࡞ ࠳ߦࠃࠅ᷹ⷰߐࠇߚࠗࠝࡦᵹߣࠗࠝࡦ㖸ᵄᡓੂߩ㑐ଥ㧦IPY ㅪ⛯᷹ⷰ࠺࠲ߦࠃࠆ⛔⸘ ⸃ᨆ⚿ᨐޔJapan Geoscience Union MeetingޔTokyo Makuhari Messe Saita, S., A. Kadokura , N. Sato , S. Fujita , T. Tanaka , Y. Ebihara , S. Ohtani , G. Ueno , K. Murata , D. Matsuoka , A. Kitamoto , T. Higuchi,Relative displacement of conjugate point during a course of substorm in a global MHD simulation,The 34th Symposium on Space and Upper Atmospheric Sciences in the Polar Regions, NIPR, 3 December Saita, S., A. Kadokura, H. Yamagishi, N. Sato, S. Fujita, T. Tanaka, Y. Ebihara, K. Murata, D. Matsuoka, G. Ueno, A. Kitamoto, Eigenfrequencies of high-latitude geomagnetic field lines in a global MHD simulation,IPY Oslo Science Conference, Oslo, Norway, 8 June Saita, S., A. Kadokura, N. Sato, S. Fujita, T. Tanaka, Y. Ebihara, K. Murata, D. Matsuoka, G. Ueno, A. Kitamoto, Reconfiguration of the magnetosphere for southward IMF and displacement of conjugate points in a MHD simulation,IPY Oslo Science Conference, Oslo, Norway, 9 June Sato, Natsuo, Hiroko Doi, Akira Kadokura, Gunnlaugur Bjornsson, Thorsteinn Saemundsson, Interhemispheric Conjugacy of Westward Traveling Surge Aurora ,IPY Oslo Science Conference, Oslo, Norway, 9 June Sato, N., Interhemispheric Auroral Features Observed at Syowa-Iceland Conjugate-pair (Invited Talk),AGU Western Pacific Geophysics Meeting, Taipei, Taiwan, 23. June Sato, N., T. Motoba, A. Kadokura, K. Hosokawa, G. Bjornsson, and T. Saemundsson, Spatial and temporal tracing of real geomagnetic conjugate point observed by Syowa-Iceland conjugate-pair auroras, SCAR Open Science Conference, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 4 August ⮮ᄐ㓶ޔᭂၞߦ߅ߌࠆ㔚⏛ࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ᷹ࠢⷰޔISWI ࠠ࠶ࠢࠝࡈࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓޔጟޔ3 3 ᣣ Sato, Y., T. Ono, N. Sato, R. Fujii, Statistical and case studies of MF/HF auroral radio emissions emanating from the topside ionosphere, The 34th Symposium on Space and Upper Atmospheric Sciences in the Polar Regions, NIPR, 3 December 㧙㧙 ― 93 ― Sato, Y., T. Ono, N. Sato, R. Fujii, Akebono Satellite Observations of MF/HF Auroral Radio Emissions Emanating from the Topside Ionosphere, Asia-Pacific Radio Science Conference, Toyama, 24 Sept. ⮮↱૫ޔዊ㊁㜞ᐘޔ⮮ᄐ㓶⮮ޔ⦟৻ޔStatistical and case studies of MF/HF auroral radio emissions emanating from the topside ionosphere ╙ޔ128 ࿁㔚⏛᳇ᖺᤊቇળ⻠Ṷળޔᴒ✽⋵Ꮢ↸ ⥄ᴦળ㙚ޔ11 㧟ᣣ ⮮↱૫ޔዊ㊁㜞ᐘޔ⮮ᄐ㓶⮮ޔ⦟৻ޔ㊁ỈᖗᓼޔႮᎹᄦޔ㐷ୖᤘޔዊᎹᵏାޔPeter Stauningޔ Kirsti Kauristieޔauroral roar emissions ߩ᧪ᣇะ⸘᷹,ᣣᧄᖺᤊ⑼ቇㅪวޔ᐀ᒛޔ5 23 ᣣ 㑐⪇ᄹሶޔਃᅢ↱⚐ޔᶏ⠧ේテޔႮᎹᄦޔᦸ⼱ޔችਅᐘ㐳ޔၳᥓᤘޔᄤ㊁ቁિޔ㥲⮮ᘕม᧻ޔ ᧄᵗޔ᪢↰㓉ⴕ◉ޔේ⢒ޔᵻผ᧻ޔጟᓀሶޔ㜞↰ᜏޔ⢻ᱜੳ↰ޔஜผޔ㐳ᆄദޔᐔේ⡛ ᢥ═ޔ⠀ᐽᱜޔᾢᧄ◊ᔒޔᴡ㊁⧷ᤘ◉ޔේቇ᧻ⴕޔᓆ⚦ޔᎹᢘޔERG WGޔERG ⸘↹㧦ታ⸽ဳࠫ ࠝࠬࡍࠬࡕ࠺ࡦࠣߣࠨࠗࠛࡦࠬࡦ࠲Ḱ⁁ᴫޔJAXA/ISAS ╙ 10 ࿁ቝቮ⑼ቇࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ ㊀ା⮍↰ޔญ⌀ޔ⮮ᄐ㓶ޔ㐷ୖᤘ⏛ޔ᳇ᓎࠝࡠߩ⊒శᒝᐲᲧセ ╙ޔ34 ࿁ቮⓨࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓޔ ᭂ⎇ޔ12 2 ᣣ ႮᎹᄦ⩵ޔᦸ⼱ޔᳰፏޔᄢႦ㓶৻ޔਃᅢ↱⚐⮮ޔ⦟৻ޔḡరᷡᢥޔᴡ㊁⧷ᤘޔศᎹ㗼ᱜ◉ޔේ ቇޔർஜᄥ㇢ޔ⮮ᄐ㓶᧻ⴕޔᓆޔጊጯਭ㓶ޔ㐷ୖᤘޔዊᎹᵏା↰ޔਛ⦟ޔ㐳ᆄദ↰ޔญ⌀ޔ ⚦Ꮉᢘޔᯅᧄਭ⟤ሶޔየፒశ♿ޔᄢ⍫ᶈઍޔERG ㅪ៤᷹ⷰࠣ࡞ࡊޔERG ⸘↹ߦ߅ߌࠆㅪ៤ ࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ᷹ࠢⷰ ╙ޔ128 ࿁㔚⏛᳇ᖺᤊቇળ ႮᎹᄦ⩵ޔᦸ⼱ޔᳰፏޔᄢႦ㓶৻ޔਃᅢ↱⚐⮮ޔ⦟৻ޔḡరᷡᢥޔᴡ㊁⧷ᤘޔศᎹ㗼ᱜޔ⮮ ᄐ㓶᧻ⴕޔᓆޔጊጯਭ㓶ޔ㐷ୖᤘޔዊᎹᵏାޔ㐳ᆄദ↰ޔญ⌀⚦ޔᎹᢘޔᯅᧄਭ⟤ሶޔERG ㅪ៤ ᷹ⷰࠣ࡞ࡊޔERG ⸘↹ߦ߅ߌࠆࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ᷹ࠢⷰޔJAXA/ISAS ╙ 10 ࿁ቝቮ⑼ቇࠪࡦࡐ ࠫ࠙ࡓ⋧ޔᮨේޔ1 ㋈ᧁ⤿ޔਛථมޔᳯዥ⋭ޔႇ㓷ၮޔႮᎹᄦޔᎹේ℉ޔᄢ᳇శࠗࡔࠫࡖMU ࠳࠽࠻ ࠙ࡓࠗ࠳ߦࠃࠆਛ㑆ᄢ᳇㊀ജᵄߩหᤨ᷹ⷰ ╙ޔ5 ࿁ MU ࠳ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓޔቝᴦޔ1 19́20 ᣣ Szasz, Csilla, Johan Kero, Takuji Nakamura ,Toshio Terasawa, Hideaki Miyamoto, David D. Meisel, Long-term meteor head echo observations with the Shigaraki MU radar ╙ޔ5 ࿁ MU ࠳ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓޔቝᴦޔ 1 19́20 ᣣ ↰ᚲᐽޔਃᅢ↱⚐ޔጊጯਭ㓶ޔችጟብ↰ޔਛ⦟ޔධᭂᤘၮߢ᷹ⷰߐࠇߚ SC ᤨߦ߅ߌࠆ VLFޔ ᢙච keV 㒠ਅ㔚ሶߩ㐳ᦼᄌേޔฬฎደᄢቇᄥ㓁ⅣႺ⎇ⓥᚲ⎇ⓥ㓸ળޡ⑼ቇࡔ࠲ᖱႎ࠺࠲ ࡌࠬߩ⁁ߣߘߩᵴ↪ޔޢฬฎደᏒޔ2 23-24 ᣣޔ2011 ᐕ ↰ᚲᐽޔERG-หᤨ᷹ⷰߢ⁓߃ࠆࠨࠗࠛࡦࠬޔᤘၮߦ߅ߌࠆ ULF/ELF/VLF 㔚⏛ᵄ᷹ⷰߩዷ ᦸ┙ޔᎹᏒޔ2 22 ᣣޔ2011 ᐕ ↰ᚲᐽޔጊጯਭ㓶ޔጟ↰㓷᮸ޔERG-หᤨ᷹ⷰߢ⁓߃ࠆ⽎ߣࠨࠗࠛࡦࠬޔGEMSIS-ᄥ㓁⏛ޔ᳇ ޔ㔚㔌ࡢ࡚ࠢࠪ࠶ࡊ 2010›ޔጊᏒޔ12 27-28 ᣣޔ2010 ᐕ Tadokoro, H., Y. Miyoshi, H. Yamagishi, H. Miyaoka, and Y. Tanaka, Statistical characteristics of storm-time energetic electron precipitation and VLF emissions at Syowa station, The 34th Symposium on Space and Upper Atmospheric Sciences in the Polar Regions,Tachikawa, Tokyo, 2 Dec.-3 Dec., 2010. ↰ᚲᐽޔਃᅢ↱⚐ޔጊጯਭ㓶ޔችጟብ↰ޔਛ⦟ޔStatistical analysis of energetic electron precipitation and VLF emissions at Syowa station, 㔚⏛᳇ᖺᤊቇળޔ㇊ⷓᏒޔ10 31-11 3 ᣣޔ2010 ᐕ 㧙㧙 ― 94 ― ↰ᚲᐽޔਃᅢ↱⚐ޔጊጯਭ㓶ޔችጟብ↰ޔਛ⦟ޔᤘၮߢ᷹ⷰߐࠇߚ⏛᳇፲ᤨߦ߅ߌࠆ㜞ࠛࡀ ࡞ࠡ㒠ਅ㔚ሶߣ VLF ᄌേߩ⛔⸘⊛․ᕈ ╙ޔ154 ࿁↢ሽࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ࠲ࡔޟᖱႎߩ࠺࠲ࡌࠬ ࠍ↪ߒߚಽ㊁ᮮᢿဳ⑼ቇ⎇ⓥߩㅴዷޔޠ࿖┙ᭂ⎇ⓥᚲޔ8 16-17 ᣣޔ2010 ᐕ ↰ᚲᐽޔਃỈᶈᤘޔደผ♿ޔട⮮㓶ੱޔጟᤘ↰☨ޔℰ᮸ޔᤊౝㇱ⏛᳇ߦ߅ߌࠆ᳓♽ਛᕈ☸ ሶኒᐲࠣࡠࡃ࡞ಽᏓࡕ࠺࡞ޔᖺᤊ⑼ቇ㑐ㅪቇળ 2010 ᐕวหቇળޔ᐀ᒛࡔ࠶࿖㓙ળ⼏႐ޔ5 23-28 ᣣޔ2010 ᐕ ↰ਛ⦟ޔศᎹ㗼ᱜޔᭂၞ㔚㔌ߦ߅ߌࠆ MI ࠞ࠶ࡊࡦࠣ ╙ޔ2 ࿁㔚⏛‛ℂቇࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ ↰ਛ⦟ޔᶏ⠧ේテޔศᎹ㗼ᱜޔᚽ↰⡡ሶޔAllan WeatherwaxޔዊᎹᵏାޔችጟብᦺޔࠝࡠࡄ ࠶࠴ߩ࠼ࡈ࠻ᝄേߩ․ᕈޔ㔚⏛‛ℂቇࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓޔጟޔ2011 ᐕ 3 1 ᣣ ↰ਛ⦟ޔᣂၳᷕ᮸ޔ㎛⼱ੱޔၳᥓᤘޔᨋኡ↢ޔ㒙ㇱୃมޔዊጊᐘિޔศ↰ᄢ♿ޔᴡ㊁⾆ਭޔ㊁ ᖗޔ㊄↰⋥᮸↰ޔᚲᐽޔਃᅢ↱⚐"ޔIUGONET ⸃ᨆ࠰ࡈ࠻࠙ࠚࠕ㐿ߦะߌߡ"ޔฬฎደᄢቇᄥ㓁 ⅣႺ⎇ⓥᚲ⎇ⓥ㓸ળޡ⑼ቇࡔ࠲ᖱႎ࠺࠲ࡌࠬߩ⁁ߣߘߩᵴ↪ޔޢฬฎደޔ2011 ᐕ 2 23 ᣣ ↰ਛ⦟ޔዊᎹᵏାޔችጟብޔᶏ⠧ේテޔศᎹ㗼ᱜޔᚽ↰⡡ሶޔA. T. Weatherwaxޔ2009 ᐕ 11 ߦ ࠻ࡠࡓ࠰ߢ᷹ⷰߐࠇߚḰቯᏱࠝࡠࡄ࠶࠴ޔEISCAT ⎇ⓥ㓸ળޔዊ㊄ޔ2010 ᐕ 12 8 ᣣ ↰ਛ⦟ޔᶏ⠧ේテޔศᎹ㗼ᱜޔᚽ↰⡡ሶޔA. T. Weatherwaxޔධᭂὐၮߩ⏛᳇శቇ᷹ⷰߢᝒ ߃ߚ⏛ജ✢㡆⽎ ╙ޔ34 ࿁ᭂၞቮⓨࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ┙ޔᎹޔ2010 ᐕ 12 2 ᣣ ↰ਛ⦟ޔᶏ⠧ේテޔศᎹ㗼ᱜޔᚽ↰⡡ሶޔA. T. WeatherwaxޔPoleward Moving Auroral Arcs (PMAAs) observed at South Pole Stationޔ㔚⏛᳇ᖺᤊቇળ╙ 128 ࿁⻠Ṷળޔ㇊ⷓޔ2010 ᐕ 11 1 ᣣ ↰ਛ⦟ޔ㎛⼱ੱޔᣂၳᷕ᮸ޔၳᥓᤘޔዊጊᐘિޔᨋኡ↢ޔ㊁ᖗޔ㒙ㇱୃมޔศ↰ᄢ♿ޔᴡ㊁⾆ ਭޔਃᅢ↱⚐ޔ㊄↰⋥᮸ޔIUGONET ⸃ᨆ࠰ࡈ࠻࠙ࠚࠕߩ㐿⊒ ╙ޔ154 ࿁↢ሽࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ࠲ࡔޟ ᖱႎߩ࠺࠲ࡌࠬࠍ↪ߒߚಽ㊁ᮮᢿဳ⑼ቇ⎇ⓥߩㅴዷ┙ޔޠᎹ ޔ2010 ᐕ 8 16 ᣣ Tanaka, Y.-M., Y. Ebihara, S. Saita, and A. Yoshikawa, Magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling process for poleward moving auroral arcs, 2010 Western Pacific Geophysics Meeting, Taipei, June 23, 2010. ↰ਛ⦟ޔ㤗↢ᱞᒾ↰ޔㆻ࿖჻ޔBjorn Gustavssonޔ㐷ୖᤘޔዊᎹᵏାޔᭂၞ㔚㔌ߩ✚ว᷹ⷰ࠺࠲ ߩㅒ㗴⸃ᨆޔᣣᧄᖺᤊ⑼ቇㅪว 2010 ᐕᄢળޔජ⪲ޔ2010 ᐕ 5 24 ᣣ ኹỈᢅᄦޔᵻ㊁ൎᤩޔਛථมޔᎹብⴕޔፉᱜᏆޔศ↰⧷ੱޔችᧄ⧷ޔศ↰㦖↢↰ᧄޔஜޔᴡ ፒༀ৻㇢ޔጊፒੌޔ㜞ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡቝቮ✢ⓨ᳇ࠪࡖࡢ߆ࠄߩ MU ࠳ࠛࠦᬌታ㛎 ╙ޔ5 ࿁ MU ࠳ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓޔቝᴦޔ1 19-20 ᣣ ౷Ꮉ༑ᒄޔᚑጀ⓭ὼ᷷ߩ㐳ᦼᄌേ ╙ޔ154 ࿁↢ሽࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ࠲ࡔޟᖱႎߩ࠺࠲ࡌࠬࠍ ↪ߒߚಽ㊁ᮮᢿဳ⑼ቇ⎇ⓥߩㅴዷޠ ౷Ꮉ༑ᒄޔධᭂၞኻᵹ⇇㕙ㅒォጀߩ⍴ᦼᄌേⷐ࿃ޔᣣᧄ᳇⽎ቇળ 2010 ᐕᐲ⑺ቄᄢળ ౷Ꮉ༑ᒄޔᚑጀ⓭ὼ᷷࿁ᓳᤨߩࠪࠕਇቯ ╙ޔ34 ࿁ᭂၞቮⓨࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ ౷Ꮉ༑ᒄ⮮ޔේᱜᥓޔᐔᴛዏᒾޔ⮮⮍ޔ↰⺈ޔጊౝᕶޔධᭂᤘၮߦ߅ߌࠆ᳓⫳᳇࠱ࡦ࠺᷹ⷰޔ 2010 ᐕᐲධᭂᤘၮᄢဳᄢ᳇࠳⸘↹(PANSY)⎇ⓥ㓸ળ ౷Ꮉ༑ᒄޔጊౝᕶޔධඨᭂ᷵ౝᄖߩኻᵹ⇇㕙ㅒォጀޔᣣᧄ᳇⽎ቇળ 2010 ᐕᐲᤐቄᄢળ ႇ㓷ၮޔ⮮⮍ޔ⮮੧ޔਛථมޔᢧ⮮ᤘೣޔ౷Ꮉ༑ᒄޔ⠹มޔጊጯਭ㓶ޔጊౝᕶޔධᭂᤘ ၮᄢဳᄢ᳇࠳㧔PANSY㧕ߩࡄࠗࡠ࠶࠻࠳ㆇ↪ ╙ޔ5 ࿁ MU ࠳ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓޔ ቝᴦޔ1 19́20 ᣣ 㧙㧙 ― 95 ― Yukimatu, A. S., Polar upper atmosphere research with SuperDARN in IPY, ࿖㓙ᭂᐕ 2007-2008 ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ ࡓʊⷙᮨߩᄌേ⽎ߣᭂၞߩᓎഀ Yukimatu, A. S., A. Grocott, SuperDARN ߢ߇ߢ߈ࠆ߆㧫㨪ℂ⺰⸘▚ᯏታ㛎ߣߩห⎇ⓥߩน⢻ᕈࠍ តࠆ㨪ޔ࿖┙ᭂ⎇ⓥᚲቮⓨࡒ࠾ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓʊⷙᮨߩᄌേ⽎ߣᭂၞߩᓎഀʊ Yukimatu, A. S., K. Hosokawa, T. Motoba, N. Sato, and M. Lester, 2-D Electric field modulation with pulsating aurora observed with a new SuperDARN high temporal resolution technique, AGU 2010 Western Pacific Geophysics Meeting (WPGM 2010) Yukimatu, A. S., K. Hosokawa, T. Motoba, N. Sato, and M. Lester,2-D Electric field modulation with pulsating aurora observed with a new SuperDARN high temporal resolution technique, SuperDARN Workshop 2010 ⴕ᧻ᓆޔਛ✲ᐲ SD ߦࠃࠆ plasmapause ߦ㑐ߔࠆ᷹ⷰޔᐔᚑ 21 ᐕᐲฬฎደᄢቇᄥ㓁ⅣႺ⎇ⓥᚲޟਛ ✲ᐲ⍴ᵄ࠳⎇ⓥળޠ ⴕ᧻ᓆޔㄭᐕߩ SuperDARN ߢዉน⢻ߥ‛ℂ㊂ߣ㜞ಽ⸃⢻᷹ⷰ߮ℂ⺰⎇ⓥ߳ߩ⽸₂ޔᐔᚑ 22 ᐕᐲ ࿖┙ᭂ⎇ⓥᚲ⎇ⓥ㓸ળޟᭂၞߦ߅ߌࠆ㔚㔌ࡄࡔ࠲ߩ㕖✢ᒻ⊒ዷ:ࡕ࠺࡞ൻߣᬌ⸽ޠ ⴕ᧻ᓆ⚦ޔᎹᢘޔర႐ື㇢ޔ⮮ᄐ㓶ޔMark LesterޔSuperDARN ࠳ߦࠃࠆᣂߒੑᰴర㜞ᤨ 㑆ಽ⸃⢻㔚㔌ᾲ᷹ⷰߣశቇหᤨ᷹ⷰߦࠃࠆ CAWSES-II ߳ߩ⽸₂ޔCAWSES-II ࠠ࠶ࠢࠝࡈࠪ ࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ ⴕ᧻ᓆ⚦ޔᎹᢘޔర႐ື㇢ޔ⮮ᄐ㓶ޔSuperDARN ࠳ߦࠃࠆᣂߒੑᰴర㜞ᤨ㑆ಽ⸃⢻㔚㔌 㔚႐᷹ⷰ(2) ╙ޔ128 ࿁㔚⏛᳇ᖺᤊቇળ ⴕ᧻ᓆ⚦ޔᎹᢘޔర႐ື㇢ޔ⮮ᄐ㓶ޔM. LesterޔSuperDARN ࠳ߦࠃࠆᣂߒੑᰴర㜞ᤨ㑆 ಽ⸃⢻㔚㔌㔚႐᷹ⷰ㧔A new SuperDARN two-dimensional high temporal resolution ionospheric electric field observation㧕ޔᣣᧄᖺᤊ⑼ቇㅪว 2010 ᐕᄢળ ⴕ᧻ᓆ⚦ޔᎹᢘޔర႐ືᄦޔ⮮ᄐ㓶ޔM. LesterޔSuperDARN ࠳ߦࠃࠆ㜞ᤨ㑆ಽ⸃⢻ੑᰴర 㔚㔌㔚႐᷹ⷰޔ࿖┙ᭂ⎇ⓥᚲ╙ 34 ࿁ᭂၞቮⓨࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ ⴕ᧻ᓆ⚦ޔᎹᢘޔర႐ືᄦޔ⮮ᄐ㓶ޔM. LesterޔSuperDARN ߦࠃࠆᣂߒ㜞ᤨ㑆ಽ⸃⢻ 2 ᰴర㔚 㔌㔚႐᷹ⷰߣߘߩᔕ↪ޔNICT/STEL ⎇ⓥ㓸ળޟਛ㑆ᾲ㔚㔌(MTI)⎇ⓥળޠ 2）気水圏研究グループ ࠬ࠺ࠖࠢ ࠬࠖ࡞ࡧࠖࠕࡦ⑲↰⮮ޔੑ㧔ᭂ⎇㧕,ੱᎿⴡᤊࡕ࠻ࡦࠪࡦࠣ࠺࠲ߦߺࠆޔJASE traverse ࡞࠻ᴪߩౝ㒽㕙ⅣႺ,╙ 33 ࿁ᭂၞ᳇᳓ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ ࠬ࠺ࠖࠢ ࠬࠖ࡞ࡧࠖࠕࡦᧄޔጊ⑲ޔᐔᨋᐙ⑲↰⮮ޔੑ,ⴡᤊ↹⸃ᨆߦၮߠߊᣂߚߥౝ㒽࠼ ࡓ߰ߓ࡞࠻ߩឭ᩺: ╙㧡㧝ᄐ㓌ⴕ࠺࠲ߩ⹏ଔ,ᣣࠬ࠻ࡃࠬߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥዊ㓸ળ ࠬ࠺ࠖࠢ ࠬࠖ࡞ࡧࠖࠕࡦᧄޔጊ⑲ޔᐔᨋᐙ⑲↰⮮ޔੑ㧔ᭂ⎇㧕,ⴡᤊ↹⸃ᨆߦၮߠߊᣂߚ ߥౝ㒽࠼ࡓ߰ߓ࡞࠻ߩឭ᩺㧦╙ 51 ᄐ㓌ⴕ࠺࠲ߩ⹏ଔ,╙ 33 ࿁ᭂၞ᳇᳓ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ ‐የノ,ㆊ 80 ᐕ㑆ߦࠊߚࠆධᭂࡘ࠷ࠜࡎ࡞ࡓḧߩᴪጯቯ⌕᳖ߩᄌേ,㔐᳖⎇ⓥᄢળ㧔2010 บ㧕 ‐የノ⥪ጊ৻ቁ,ධᭂᄢ㒽ᴪጯၞߩᶏ᳖⋙ⷞ⸘↹,╙ 4 ࿁ධᭂ᷹ⷰࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ ‐የノጊፒື⑲↰ਛᐽᒄ㐷ፒቇ᭑ᧄᶈਯ,2007-2010 ᐕߩࠣࡦࡦ࠼ർጯ߅ࠃ߮ࠞ࠽ ࠳ᄙፉᶏߦ߅ߌࠆᶏ᳖⁁ᴫ 㨪ർᭂⅣႺ⺞ᩏࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߦࠃࠆᶏ᳖᷹ⷰ⚿ᨐ㨪,╙ 33 ࿁ᭂၞ᳇ ᳓ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ 㧙㧙 ― 96 ― ጊቁศ,ධᭂ᷹ⷰߩᱧผߣᦨㄭߩ᷹ⷰᵴേ,ᱤ⑼⎇ୃળ 㐷มዊୖ ⩲ේᢅޔᧄ⌀มޔ⍹ᚭ⼱㊀ਯޔ㕍ᧁมޔਛỈ㜞ᷡ,ධᭂⓨߦ߅ߌࠆᚑጀᄢ᳇ᐔဋᐕઍߩផቯ, ᣣᧄᖺᤊ⑼ቇㅪวᄢળ 2010 ᐕᄢળ ⮮↰⑲ੑ㧔࿖┙ᭂ⎇ⓥᚲ㧕Holmlund, P.㧔ࠬ࠻࠶ࠢࡎ࡞ࡓᄢቇ㧕Andersson, I.㧔ࠬ࠙ࠚ࠺ࡦ₺ ┙ᛛⴚ⎇ⓥᚲ㧕Brown, I.㧔ࠬ࠻࠶ࠢࡎ࡞ࡓᄢቇ㧕 ᭑ᧄᶈਯ㧔ർᎿᬺᄢቇ㧕 ⮮ℂⴕ㧔࿖ ┙ᭂ⎇ⓥᚲ㧕⮮↰⠹ผ㧔ฬฎደᄢቇ㧕ᐘᄥ㇢ฎᎹ᥏㓶㧔࿖┙ᭂ⎇ⓥᚲ㧕Hansson, M. 㧔ࠬ࠻࠶ࠢࡎ࡞ࡓᄢቇ㧕ේ৻㇢㧔ጟᄢቇ㧕 ޔ㘵Ⴆ⧐ᓼદᥓ㧔࿖┙ᭂ⎇ⓥᚲ㧕Ingvander, S.Karlin, T. 㧔ࠬ࠻࠶ࠢࡎ࡞ࡓᄢቇ㧕ᧄጊ⑲ਛỈᢥ↵㧔࿖┙ᭂ⎇ⓥᚲ㧕Sjöberg, L. 㧔ࠬ ࠙ࠚ࠺ࡦ₺┙ᛛⴚ⎇ⓥᚲ㧕᧖ጊᘕSurdyk, S.㧔࿖┙ᭂ⎇ⓥᚲ㧕Ström, J.㧔ࡁ࡞࠙ࠚᭂ ⎇ⓥᚲ㧕,ᣣᧄࠬ࠙ࠚ࠺ࡦหౝ㒽࠻ࡃ᷹ࠬⷰ,࿖㓙ᭂᐕ 2007-2008 ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ - ⷙᮨ ߩᄌേ⽎ߣᭂၞߩᓎഀࠅ- ᐔᚑ㧞㧞ᐕ 㧟 㧝ᣣ㧔㧕 10㧦00 㨪 17㧦35 ᣣᧄቇⴚળ⼏ ⻠ၴ ⮮↰⑲ੑ㧔࿖┙ᭂ⎇ⓥᚲ㧕Holmlund, P.㧔ࠬ࠻࠶ࠢࡎ࡞ࡓᄢቇ㧕Andersson, I.㧔ࠬ࠙ࠚ࠺ࡦ₺ ┙ᛛⴚ⎇ⓥᚲ㧕Brown, I.㧔ࠬ࠻࠶ࠢࡎ࡞ࡓᄢቇ㧕 ᭑ᧄᶈਯ㧔ർᎿᬺᄢቇ㧕 ⮮ℂⴕ㧔࿖ ┙ᭂ⎇ⓥᚲ㧕⮮↰⠹ผ㧔ฬฎደᄢቇ㧕ᐘᄥ㇢ฎᎹ᥏㓶㧔࿖┙ᭂ⎇ⓥᚲ㧕Hansson, M. 㧔ࠬ࠻࠶ࠢࡎ࡞ࡓᄢቇ㧕ේ৻㇢㧔ጟᄢቇ㧕 ޔ㘵Ⴆ⧐ᓼદᥓ㧔࿖┙ᭂ⎇ⓥᚲ㧕Ingvander, S.Karlin, T. 㧔ࠬ࠻࠶ࠢࡎ࡞ࡓᄢቇ㧕ᧄጊ⑲ਛỈᢥ↵㧔࿖┙ᭂ⎇ⓥᚲ㧕Sjöberg, L. 㧔ࠬ ࠙ࠚ࠺ࡦ₺┙ᛛⴚ⎇ⓥᚲ㧕᧖ጊᘕSurdyk, S.㧔࿖┙ᭂ⎇ⓥᚲ㧕Ström, J.㧔ࡁ࡞࠙ࠚᭂ ⎇ⓥᚲ㧕, ᧲ධᭂߩ㧞▎ᚲߩ᳖ᐥࠦࠕᷓጀជὐߢࠆ EPICA-DML ߣ࠼ࡓ߰ߓߩ㑆ߩၞߩ㔐 ᳖ⅣႺߩⓨ㑆⊛ಽᏓ,╙㧝࿁ᭂၞ⑼ቇࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓޟᭂၞᄢ᳇ࠍㅢߒߡតࠆⷙᮨⅣႺᄌേޠ ⮮↰⑲ੑ㧔ᭂ⎇㧕ޔHolmlundޔP㧔Stockholm University㧕ޔAnderssonޔI.㧔The Royal Institute of Tecknologyޔ Sweden㧕ޔBrownޔI.㧔Stockholm University㧕ޔ᭑ᧄᶈਯ㧔ർᎿᬺᄢቇ㧕⮮ޔℂⴕ㧔ᭂ⎇㧕ޔ ⮮↰⠹ผ㧔ฬฎደᄢቇ㧕ޔᐘᄥ㇢ޔฎᎹ᥏㓶㧔ᭂ⎇㧕ޔHansson ޔM.㧔Stockholm University㧕ޔ ේ৻㇢㧔ጟᄢ㧕ޔ㘵Ⴆ⧐ᓼ㧔ർᄢ㧕ޔદᥓ㧔ᭂ⎇㧕ޔIngvanderޔS.KarlinޔT.㧔Stockholm University㧕ޔ ᧄጊ⑲ޔਛỈᢥ↵㧔ᭂ⎇㧕ޔSjobergޔL㧔The Royal Institute of TecknologyޔSweden㧕᧖ޔጊᘕ 㧔ർᄢ㧕ޔSurdykޔS.㧔ᭂ⎇㧕ޔStromޔJ.㧔Norsk Polarinstitutt㧕,᧲ධᭂߩ㧞▎ᚲߩ᳖ᐥࠦࠕᷓጀ ជὐߢࠆ EPICA-DML ߣ࠼ࡓ߰ߓߩ㑆ߩၞߩ㔐᳖ⅣႺߩⓨ㑆⊛ಽᏓ,╙㧝࿁ᭂၞ⑼ቇࠪࡦࡐ ࠫ࠙ࡓޟᭂၞᄢ᳇ࠍㅢߒߡតࠆⷙᮨⅣႺᄌേޠ ⮮↰⑲ੑ㧔ᭂ⎇㧕ޔ᭑ᧄᶈਯ㧔ർᎿᄢ㧕⮮ޔℂⴕ㧔ᭂ⎇㧕ޔᐘᄥ㇢㧔ᭂ⎇┙ޔጊࠞ࡞ ࠺⍾㒐ඳ‛㙚㧕ޔદᥓ㧔ᭂ⎇㧕ᧄޔጊ⑲㧔ᭂ⎇㧕ޔਛỈᢥ↵㧔ᭂ⎇㧕᧖ޔጊᘕ㧔ർᄢ㧕ޔ Surdyk, S.㧔ᭂ⎇㧕,᧲ධᭂ࠼ࡓ߰ߓㄭறߩ᳖ᐥᐩ㕙ⅣႺ߅ࠃ᳖߮ᐥਅḓߩಽᏓ,╙ 33 ࿁ᭂၞ᳇᳓ ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ ⮮↰⑲ੑ㧔ᭂ⎇㧕ޔ᭑ᧄᶈਯ㧔ർᎿᄢ㧕⮮ޔℂⴕ㧔ᭂ⎇㧕ޔᐘᄥ㇢㧔ᭂ⎇┙ޔጊࠞ࡞ ࠺⍾㒐ඳ‛㙚㧕ޔદᥓ㧔ᭂ⎇㧕ᧄޔጊ⑲㧔ᭂ⎇㧕ޔਛỈᢥ↵㧔ᭂ⎇㧕᧖ޔጊᘕ㧔ർᄢ㧕ޔ Surdyk, S.㧔ᭂ⎇㧕,᧲ධᭂ࠼ࡓ߰ߓㄭறߩ᳖ᐥᐩ㕙ⅣႺ߅ࠃ᳖߮ᐥਅḓߩಽᏓ,╙ 33 ࿁ᭂၞ᳇᳓ ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ 㕍ᧁม, Ꮉ⾫ੑ, ਛỈ㜞ᷡ, ᧻ᧄᐽᔒ, ਛ↰ਭ, ᧻ፉኡዏ, ⩵, ᧄጊ⑲, ⮮ℂⴕ, ᷰㄝ ⥝,࠼ࡓ߰ߓᷓጀ᳖ᐥࠦࠕ߆ࠄᓳరߒߚㆊ 70 ਁᐕ㑆ߩᄢ᳇⚵ᚑᄌേ,ᣣᧄᖺᤊ⑼ቇㅪว 2010 ᐕᄢળޔ᐀ᒛޔ5 Fujita, S., Holmlund, P., Andersson, I., Brown, I., Enomoto, H., Fujii, Y., Fujita, K., Fukui, K., Furukawa, T., Hansson, M., K. Hara., Iizuka, Y., Imura, S., Ingvander, S., Karlin, T., Motoyama, H.., Nakazawa, F., 㧙㧙 ― 97 ― Sjöberg, L. , Sugiyama, S., Surdyk, S., Ström, J,Spatial distribution of the Glaciological environment between the two deep ice core drilling sites at EPICA-DML and Dome Fuji, East Antarctica,6/7-14㧦ࠝࠬࡠ ⾏ᤃዷ␜႐㧦࿖㓙ᭂᐕࠝࠬࡠ⑼ቇળ⼏ Hideaki Motoyama, Kazue Suzuki, Takashi Yamanouchi, Kenji Kawamura,Heavy snow event on East Antarctic ice sheet in 2008 and 2009.,International Symposium on Snow, Ice and Humanity in a Changing Climate, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan 21-25 June 2010 Hirasawa, N.,Activity of UAV-used atmospheric observation for Antarctica,Japan-Norway Joint Workshop, Arctic Climate and Environmental Change in Global Warming – Collaboration on Observations and Analyses, Tromsø, Norway, 10-12 March, 2010 Hirasawa, N., H. Konishi, M. Funaki, M. Hayashi, and M. Wada,Observation of precipitation and atmospheric moisture transport in the Antarctica,International Polar Year Oslo Science Cconference, Oslo, Norway, 8-12 June, 2010 Hirasawa, N., H.Nakamura, H. Motoyama, M. Hayashi, and T. Yamanouchi,Evolution of synoptic-scale high-pressure systems after Antarctic winter blocking, and related weather conditions at Dome Fuji station,International Polar Year Oslo Science Cconference, Oslo, Norway, 8-12 June, 2010 K. Goto-Azuma. M. Hirabayashi, T. Miyake, R. Uemura, T. Kuramoto, H. Motoyama, M. Igarashi, Y. Iizuka, K. Suzuki, T. Suzuki, K. Fujita, S. Horikawa, M. Kohno, Y. Fujii, K. Kawamura, S. Aoki, T. Nakazawa,,Orbital and millennial-scale variations of sea-salt, mineral dust and non-sea-salt sulfate aerosols at Dome Fuji, East Antarctica during the past 720,000 years.,International Symposium on Snow, Ice and Humanity in a Changing Climate. Kenji Kawamura, Shuji Aoki and Takakiyo Nakazawa,Accurate chronology of the Dome Fuji ice core based on O2/N2 ratio of trapped air,IPY Oslo Conference, Oslo, Norway, June 8-12 Kenji Kawamura, Shuji Aoki, Takakiyo Nakazawa, Ayako Abe-Ouchi, Fuyuki Saito,Timing and duration of the last four interglacial periods from an accurate age model of the Dome Fuji Antarctic ice core,AGU Fall meeting, December Morimoto,S., T. Umezawa, L. Huang, S. Aoki, T. Nakazawa and T. Yamanouchi,Interannual variations of the atmospheric methane concentration and its stable isotopes observed at Ny Alesund, Svalbard and Churchill, Canada,2nd International Symposium on Arctic Research Motoyama, H., Goto-Azuma. K., Hirabayashi, M., Miyake, T., Uemura, R., Kuramoto, T.,Igarashi, M., Iizuka, Y., Suzuki, K., Suzuki, T., Fujita, K., Horikawa, S., Kohno, M., Fujii, Y. and Kawamura, K.,Characteristics of correlation between climate and environmental elements from past 300,000 to 720,000 years in Dome Fuji ice core, Antarctica,SCAR Open Science Conference, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 3-6, August, 2010. Motoyama, H., Suzuki, K., Yamanouchi, T., Kawamura, K.,Heavy snow event at East Antarctic ice sheet during 2008 and 2009.,SCAR Open Science Conference, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 3-6, August, 2010. Shiobara, M.,An observational study on cloud-aerosol interaction in Ny-Ålesund,Japan-Norway Joint Workshop, Tromso, Norway Shiobara, M., A. Uchiyama, A. Yamazaki, H. Kobayashi, and M. Yabuki,Field experiment of cloud-aerosol interaction study planned for May 2011 in Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard,2nd International Symposium on Arctic Research, Tokyo Yamanouchi, T., Y. Tomikawa and K. Sato,Stratosphere-troposphere exchange and Program of the Antarctic 㧙㧙 ― 98 ― Syowa MST/IS Radar (PANSY),SCAR Open Science Conference, 2010, Buenosaires ዊ┵ᜏ㇢, Ꮉ⾫ੑ, ખᳯᎹᢅਯ,ㆊජᐕߦࠊߚࠆ⛮⛯⊛ߥᢙචᐕᦼߩࠣࡦࡦ࠼᳇᷷ᄌേ,ᣣ ᧄᖺᤊ⑼ቇㅪว 2010 ᐕᄢળޔ᐀ᒛޔ5 ዊਯ㧘ᐔᴛዏᒾ㧘⍹ဈ㓷ᤘ,Ⲣ⸃ㆊ⒟ߩ㒠㔐☸ሶߩ᷹ⷰ,ᣣᧄ᳇⽎ቇળ⑺ቄᄢળޔ੩ㇺޔ2010 ᐕ 10 28 ᣣ ዊਯ㧘ᐔᴛዏᒾ㧘⍹ဈ㓷ᤘ,⒳ߩޘ㒠㔐ᒝᐲ⸘ࠍ↪ߚ㒠㔐☸ሶ᷹ⷰ,ᣣᧄ㔐᳖ቇળ⑺ቄᄢળޔบޔ 2010 ᐕ 9 28 ᣣ ጊౝ ᕶ,ߎࠇ߆ࠄߩർᭂ⎇ⓥ㧦ධᭂߦቇ߱ Science-Diplomacy,ᣣᧄᖺᤊ⑼ቇㅪวᄢળޔർᭂߩ ᳇ᄌേ ጊౝ ᕶ,ධᭂ᷹ⷰ 50 ᐕߩᱠߺߣᤘၮᄢဳᄢ᳇࠳㧔PANSY㧕,ᣣᧄᖺᤊ⑼ቇㅪวᄢળޔ ᭂၞ⑼ቇߩᣂᤨઍ ጊౝ ᕶ,ᣂߒධᭂ᷹ⷰߣ╙ VIII ᦼ㊀ὐ⎇ⓥ᷹ⷰޟධᭂၞ߆ࠄតࠆ᷷ᥦൻޠ,ᣣᧄ᳇⽎ቇળ 2010 ᐕᤐቄᄢળޔᭂၞኙ಄⎇ⓥㅪ⛊ળ ጊᧄ⌀ⴕޔ⍹ේศޔ㊄የ♿ޔᐔ᧻⦟ᶈޔฎᧄቬలޔዊ᧻ቁᐽ↰⮮ޔᄩ,ࠗࡦࡈࠨ࠙ࡦ࠼᷹ⷰߩ ⁁ߣ HAYABUSA ࠛࡦ࠻ᤨߩ᷹ⷰႎ๔,╙ 33 ࿁ᭂၞ᳇᳓ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ⻠ࡓࠣࡠࡊޔṶ ⷐᣦ II-1ޔ㧝1 30 ᣣ㧙㧝2 㧝ᣣޔ࿖┙ᭂ⎇ⓥᚲ Ꮉ⾫ੑ, ⩵ੱ, 㕍ᧁม, ਛỈ㜞ᷡ,᳇ᵃߩ O2/N2 ࠍ↪ߚ࠼ࡓ߰ߓ᳖ᐥࠦࠕߩᐕઍቯ, ᣣᧄᖺᤊ⑼ቇㅪว 2010 ᐕᄢળޔ᐀ᒛޔ5 ᐔᴛዏᒾ,ᄐቄߩධᭂၞᄢ᳇ࠛࠕࡠ࠱࡞ಽᏓߩᣣᧄ࠼ࠗ࠷ห⥶ⓨᯏ᷹ⷰ,࿖㓙ᭂᐕ 2007-2008 ࠪࡦࡐ ࠫ࠙ࡓ- ⷙᮨߩᄌേ⽎ߣᭂၞߩᓎഀࠅ-ޔᣣᧄቇⴚળ⼏ޔ3 1 ᣣޔ2010 ᐔᴛዏᒾ,ධᭂ࠼ࡓ߰ߓߢߩ㔕ᐩ㜞ᐲ⸘ߦࠃࠆ㒠㔐᷹ⷰ,ᣣᧄ㔐᳖ቇળ⑺ቄᄢળડ↹࠶࡚ࠪࡦޟ㔐 ⚿᥏ࠍߋࠆᦨㄭߩ㗴ޔޠบޔ2010 ᐕ 9 29 ᣣ ᐔᴛዏᒾޔዊਯޔ⍹ဈ㓷ᤘޔ↰⺈↰⮮ޔ⠹ผ,㒠㔐☸ሶࠞ࠙ࡦ࠲ߣࠪࡠࡔ࠲ߦࠃࠆ㒠㔐㊂ ᷹ⷰ,ᣣᧄ᳇⽎ቇળᤐቄᄢળ᧲ޔ੩ޔ2010 ᐕ 5 26 ᣣ ᐔᴛዏᒾ↰㒋⨃᮸↰ญᓆ৻,ࠝࠬ࠻ࠕḮ࠼ࡦߩධᭂᤘၮ߳ߩᄢ᳇ャㅍߣߘߩࡔࠞ࠾ ࠭ࡓ,ᭂၞ᳇᳓ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ᧲ޔ੩ޔ2010 ᐕ 11 30 ᣣ ᐔᴛዏᒾේ৻㇢↰⺈ጊౝᕶ,ᄐቄߩධᭂᄢ᳇ࠛࠕࡠ࠱࡞ಽᏓߩᣣᧄ-࠼ࠗ࠷ห⥶ⓨᯏ᷹ⷰ, ᭂၞ᳇᳓ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ᧲ޔ੩ޔ2010 ᐕ 12 1 ᣣ ᓟ⮮ᄢテޔᧄ⌀มޔ㕍ᧁมޔਛỈ㜞ᷡ,ᄢ᳇ਛ O2/N2 Ყ᷹ቯ↪ᮡḰࠟࠬߩ㐿⊒,╙ 16 ࿁ᄢ᳇ൻቇ⸛ ⺰ળ ᧄጊ⑲㧘㋈ᧁ㚅ኼᕺ㧘ጊౝᕶ㧘Ꮉ⾫ੑ,᧲ධᭂ᳖ᐥߩ㕙⾰㊂ᡰᄌേߣ 2008㧙2009 ߩᄢ㔐ߦߟ ߡ,㔐᳖⎇ⓥᄢળ㧔2010บ㧕᧲ޔ੩ࠛࠢ࠻ࡠࡦࡎ࡞ችၔ, บᏒ,2010 ᐕ 9 26 ᣣޯ29 ᣣ ᧲ਭ⟤ሶ㧘㕍ᧁม㧘᧲ାᒾ㧘㘵Ⴆ⧐ᓼ㧘ᬀ┻ᷕ㧘Ꮉ⾫ੑ㧘↰ผ㧘ୖర㓉ਯ㧘ዊ┵ᜏ㇢, ╣ 㧘⮮ၮਯ㧘ἑᎹ㜞ᒄ㧘㜞ㄭሶ㧘ਛỈ㜞ᷡ㧘ᐔᨋᐙ㧘⮮ℂⴕ, ⮮↰⑲ੑ㧘ၳᓆ㧘ၳౝ৻Ⓞ㧘 ਃቛ㓉ਯ㧘ችᧄᷕ㧘ᧄጊ⑲,ࠣࡦࡦ࠼ᷓጀ᳖ᐥࠦࠕជ⸘↹㧔NEEM ⸘↹㧕ߩዷᦸ,ᭂၞ⑼ ቇࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ ᧲ਭ⟤ሶ㧘㕍ᧁม㧘᧲ାᒾ㧘㘵Ⴆ⧐ᓼ㧘ᬀ┻ᷕ㧘Ꮉ⾫ੑ㧘↰ผ㧘ୖర㓉ਯ㧘ዊ┵ᜏ㇢㧘╣ 㧘⮮ၮਯ㧘ἑᎹ㜞ᒄ㧘㜞ㄭሶ㧘ਛỈ㜞ᷡ㧘ᐔᨋᐙ, ⮮ℂⴕ㧘⮮↰⑲ੑ㧘ၳᓆ㧘ၳౝ৻Ⓞ㧘 ਃቛ㓉ਯ㧘ችᧄᷕ, ᧄጊ⑲,ࠣࡦࡦ࠼ᷓጀ᳖ᐥࠦࠕជ⸘↹㧔NEEM ⸘↹㧕,㔐᳖⎇ⓥᄢળ(㧞 㧜㧝㧜บ㧕 㧙㧙 ― 99 ― ᧄ⌀ม⩲ޔේᢅޔ⍹ᚭ⼱㊀ਯ↰⼾ޔᩕ⑲↰ᧄޔਯޔ㕍ᧁมޔਛỈ㜞ᷡޔ↰⺈ޔጊౝᕶ,ධᭂၞᚑ ጀߦ߅ߌࠆ᷷ቶലᨐ᳇᷹ⷰ,╙ 1 ࿁ᭂၞ⑼ቇࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ ᧄ⌀ม㧘ᓟ⮮ᄢテ㧘⍹ᚭ⼱㊀ਯ㧘㕍ᧁม㧘ਛỈ㜞ᷡ,ᤘၮߦ߅ߌࠆᄢ᳇ਛ㉄⚛Ớᐲㅪ⛯᷹ⷰ, ᣣᧄ᳇⽎ቇળᤐቄᄢળ ᭑ᧄᶈਯ㧔ർᎿᄢ㧕ޔSylviane Surdyk㧔ᭂ⎇㧕᧖ޔጊᘕ㧔ർᄢૐ᷷⎇㧕⑲↰⮮ޔੑ㧔ᭂ⎇㧕 ޔPer Holmulund㧔Stockholm Univ.㧕ޔSusanne Ingvander㧔Stockholm Univ.㧕,ධᭂ᳖ᐥߩ Ice Stream ߅ࠃ߮ ᳖ߩࡑࠗࠢࡠᵄ᷹ⷰ - JARE-SWEDALP ᷹ⷰၞ߆ࠄ -,╙ 33 ࿁ᭂၞ᳇᳓ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ ᯅ↰రޔศᎹਭᐘޔਛጟᘕ৻㇢ޔਛỈ㜞ᷡޔ㕍ᧁม,ධᄢᵗࠗࡦ࠼ᵗࠢ࠲ߦ߅ߌࠆጀᶏᵗਛߩ ੑ㉄ൻ⚛ಽߩ⚻ᐕᄌൻߣ㉄ᕈൻ,╙㧝࿁ᭂၞ⑼ቇࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ㧘2010 ᐕ 12 1-2 ᣣ㧘࿖┙ᭂ ⎇ⓥᚲ ᯅ↰ర㧔ᭂ⎇㧕ޔਛጟᘕ৻㇢㧔ⅣႺ⎇㧕ޔศᎹਭᐘ㧔ർᄢⅣႺ㧕ޔᄢፉᘮ ৻㇢㧔ർᄢૐ᷷⎇㧕ޔ ਛỈ㜞ᷡ㧔᧲ർᄢ㧕ޔ㕍ᧁม㧔᧲ർᄢ㧕ޔ⍹ਣ㓉㧔᧲੩ ᶏᵗᄢ㧕ޔዊ㆐ᕡᄦ㧔ᭂ⎇㧕ޔశ ↵㧔ᭂ⎇㧕,ࠤࡊ࠳ࡦᴒߦ߅ߌࠆධᭂᐩጀ᳓ᒻᚑߦ㑐ࠊࠆṁሽήᯏ㉄ߩ․ᓽ⊛ಽᏓ,╙ 33 ࿁ᭂၞ᳇᳓ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ ᯅ↰ర㧔ᭂ⎇㧕ޔਛጟᘕ৻㇢㧔ⅣႺ⎇㧕ޔศᎹਭᐘ㧔ർᄢⅣႺ㧕ޔਛỈ㜞 ᷡ㧔᧲ർᄢ㧕ޔ㕍ᧁ ม㧔᧲ർᄢ㧕ޔ⍹ਣ㓉㧔᧲੩ᶏᵗᄢ㧕ޔዊ㆐ᕡᄦ㧔ᭂ ⎇㧕ޔశ↵㧔ᭂ⎇㧕,ቄ▵ᶏ᳖ၞ ߦ߅ߌࠆṁሽ㉄♽ߩᄐᦼቄ▵ᄌേ ,╙ 1 ࿁ᭂၞ⑼ቇࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ ᯅ↰ర㧘ጊౝᕶ㧘ਛỈ㜞ᷡ㧘㕍ᧁม㧘ศᎹਭᐘ,ධᄢᵗࠗࡦ࠼ᵗߩ㉄ᕈൻ,2010 ᐕᐲᣣᧄᶏᵗቇળ ᤐቄᄢળࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓޟᶏᵗ㉄ᕈൻߦࠃࠆᓇ㗀⹏ଔޠ ᯅ↰ర㧘ਛጟᘕ৻㇢㧘ศᎹਭᐘ㧘ᄢፉᘮ৻㇢㧘ਛỈ㜞ᷡ㧘㕍ᧁม㧘⍹ਣ㓉㧘ዊ㆐ᕡᄦ㧘శ↵, ᧲ධᭂࠤࡊ࠳ࡦᴒߦ߅ߌࠆධᭂᐩጀ᳓ᒻᚑߦ㑐ࠊࠆṁሽήᯏ㉄ߩ․ᓽ⊛ߥಽᏓߦߟ ߡ,2010 ᐕᐲᣣᧄᶏᵗቇળᤐቄᄢળ 3）地圏研究グループ Nyblade, A.A., Hansen, S.E., Heeszel, D.S. Wiens, D.A. Shore P. and Kanao, M. Crustal Structure of the Gamburtsev Mountains, East Antarctica, from S-wave Receiver Functions and Rayleigh Wave Phase Velocities, AGU Fall 2010 Meeting, 13-17 December, T21D-2191, San Francisco, California, USA Aoyama, Y., Doi, K., and Shibuya, K. Near-real time monitoring of iceberg position by GPS-buoys in Shirase Glacier, SCAR, Buenos Aires, Argentina Aoyama, Y., Doi, K., Hayakawa, H., Shibuya, K., Ikeda, H., Sugawara, Y. and Tsuwa, I. Replacement of CT#043 with SG058 and calibration by FG5 absolute gravimeters, and its performance in the tide band at Syowa Station, Antarctica, 2nd Asia Workshop on Superconducting Gravimetry, Taipei, Taiwan ⍹ේ ศޔጊᧄ ⌀ⴕޔ㊄የ ♿, ධᭂᤘၮߦ߅ߌࠆࠗࡦࡈࠨ࠙ࡦ࠼᷹ⷰߩ⁁ߣᚑᨐ, ᣣᧄ ᖺᤊ⑼ቇㅪว 2010 ᐕᄢળ ࡓࠣࡠࡊޔMIS004-04ޔ5 23-28 ᣣޔ᐀ᒛࡔ࠶࿖㓙ળ⼏႐ ┻ේ⌀⟤ޔዊ—␞㤗ଐሶޔᷡᎹ৻ޔၳᳯᙗ〝ޔᮮጊ৻Ꮘ, ࠝࠬ࠻ࠕ㧘ࡔ࠹ࠝࠗ࠻ࡏࠕ ၞߦ߅ߌࠆ 23 ంᐕ೨ߩ࠳ࠗࠕࡒࠢ࠲ࠗ࠻ጀߩḮ, ᣣᧄ⾰ቇળᐕળ ┻ේ⌀⟤ޔᷡᎹ৻ޔၳᳯᙗ〝, ࠝࠬ࠻ࠕ㧘ࡔ࠹ࠝࠗ࠻ࡏࠕၞߦ߅ߌࠆ 23 ంᐕ೨ߩ࠳ࠗ ࠕࡒࠢ࠲ࠗ࠻ጀߩḮ, ᣣᧄᖺᤊ⑼ቇㅪวᄢળ Wiens, D., Nyblade, A., Anandakrishnan, S., Aster, R., Kanao, M. and An, M., The seismological structure of 㧙㧙 ― 100 ― Antarctica from year-around IPY deployments of autonomous broadband seismographs: the POLENET and GAMSEIS projects, International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference, EA8.2-7.4, Oslo, Norway, June 8-12 ㊁ᧁ⟵ผޔᄥ↰᥍⟤ޔᴰ♿ޔਃᶆ⧷᮸, ᣂߒࠄߖߦࠃࠆ⦁‛ℂ᷹ⷰ, ╙ 30 ࿁ᭂၞቇࠪࡦࡐ ࠫ࠙ࡓޔ12 2-3 ᣣޔ࿖┙ᭂ⎇ⓥᚲ ㊄የ ♿, ࿖㓙ᭂᐕߢߩධᭂᄢ㒽ࡈࡠࡦ࠹ࠖࠕߦ߅ߌࠆᐢᏪၞ㔡⸘ߩᄢࠕ᷹ࠗⷰ -ᷓㇱ㨪 ᄢ㒽㨪᳖ᐥਅḓ㨪᷷ᥦൻ⎇ⓥ߹ߢ-, ᣣᧄᖺᤊ⑼ቇㅪว 2010 ᐕᄢળ ࡓࠣࡠࡊޔSTT071-12ޔ 5 23-28 ᣣޔ᐀ᒛࡔ࠶࿖㓙ળ⼏႐ ㊄የ ♿, ධᭂᤘၮߦ߅ߌࠆ㆙㔡ߩᬌ⍮⢻ജߦߟߡ: 1987-2007, ᣣᧄᖺᤊ⑼ቇㅪว 2010 ᐕᄢળ ࡓࠣࡠࡊޔSTT073-02ޔ5 23-28 ᣣޔ᐀ᒛࡔ࠶࿖㓙ળ⼏႐ ㊄የ ♿ޔጊౝ ᕶޔጟ↰ 㓷᮸ޔ㐷ୖ ᤘ, ᭂၞ㑐ㅪࡔ࠲࠺࠲ࡌࠬߣ࠽࡚ࠪ࠽࡞࠺࠲ࡦ࠲ 㧔NADC㧕ߩᴫ, ᣣᧄᖺᤊ⑼ቇㅪว 2010 ᐕᄢળ ࡓࠣࡠࡊޔMGI016-P01ޔ5 23-28 ᣣޔ᐀ ᒛࡔ࠶࿖㓙ળ⼏႐ ㊄የ♿, ධᭂ㧔AGAP/GAMSEIS)ߣർᭂ㧔GLISN㧕ߩࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻, “ࡈࡠࡦ࠹ࠖࠕ᷹ⷰ⑼ቇ” ࡢ ࡚ࠢࠪ࠶ࡊޔ3 23 ᣣ᧲ޔ੩ᄢቇ㔡⎇ⓥᚲ ㊄የ♿, ධᭂౝ㒽ၞߢߩ㔡ቇ⊛⎇ⓥߩᗧ⟵⁁ዷᦸ,ධᭂౝ㒽᷹ⷰࡢ࡚ࠢࠪ࠶ࡊޔ11 15 ᣣޔ࿖┙ᭂ⎇ⓥᚲ ㊄የ♿ޔ⍹ේศޔጊᧄ⌀ⴕ⼾ޔ࿖Ḯ⍮ޔAlessia Maggi, ᧲ධᭂޔᤘၮߢ⸥㍳ߐࠇߚ⣂േߣᓸ ᳇ᄌേ߆ࠄߺߚᄢ᳇-ᶏᵗ-࿕ߩ⋧↪, ╙ 33 ࿁ᭂၞ᳇᳓ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓࡓࠣࡠࡊޔ ⻠Ṷⷐᣦ II-3ޔ11 30 ᣣ㧙12 1 ᣣޔ࿖┙ᭂ⎇ⓥᚲ ㊄የ♿ືᧄ┻ޔ⮮ޔේ ޔદ⮮ ẖޔᎹ ⁴, ᧲ධᭂࡘ࠷ࠜࡎ࡞ࡓጤ࡞ࠣࡦࠝ᧲ޔፉ ߢߩᵻጀᴺ㔡តᩏ, ╙ 30 ࿁ᭂၞቇࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ⻠ࡓࠣࡠࡊޔṶⷐᣦ PG26ޔ12 2 ᣣ 㧙㧝2 3 ᣣޔ࿖┙ᭂ⎇ⓥᚲ ㊄የ♿ޔDoug WiensޔAndy Nybladeޔᷰㆻ◊ᔒޔPatrick ShoreޔSamantha Hansen, ᧲ධᭂߢߩᐢᏪၞ 㔡⸘᷹ⷰ:IPY ߢߩࠟࡦࡉ࡞࠷ࠚࡈၞߩ⸃ߦะߌߡ - AGAP/GAMSEIS -, ╙ 30 ࿁ᭂၞቇࠪ ࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ⻠ࡓࠣࡠࡊޔṶⷐᣦ VI-3ޔ12 2 ᣣ㧙12 3 ᣣޔ࿖┙ᭂ⎇ⓥᚲ ㊄የ♿ޔᆢ㊁ືੱޔဝ⺈มޔTrine Dahl-JensenޔKent Anderson, ࠣࡦࡦ࠼ߣㄝၞߦ߅ߌࠆ ᳖ᴡ㔡ᵴേ, ╙ 33 ࿁ᭂၞ᳇᳓ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ⻠ࡓࠣࡠࡊޔṶⷐᣦ PM02ޔ11 30 ᣣ㧙12 1 ᣣޔ࿖┙ᭂ⎇ⓥᚲ ㊄የ♿ޔD. WinesA. Nybladeޔဝ⺈ม↰ޔਛ ⡡ޔT. Parker , ᧲ධᭂᄢ㒽ߢߩᐢᏪၞ㔡⸘ߩᐢ ၞዷ㐿⸘↹㧔AGAP/GAMSEIS㧦IPY No.147㧕, ࿖㓙ᭂᐕ 2007-2008 ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ - ⷙᮨߩᄌ േ⽎ߣᭂၞߩᓎഀࠅ-⻠ࡓࠣࡠࡊޔṶⷐᣦ P22ޔ3 1 ᣣޔᣣᧄቇⴚળ⼏ ⥓ ޔ㊄የ ♿ޔਭ ◊ⷙ, ࡄࡦࠕࡈࠞࡦㅧጊᏪߩㇱࡑࡦ࠻࡞⇣ᣇᕈ, ᣣᧄᖺᤊ⑼ቇ ㅪว 2010 ᐕᄢળ ࡓࠣࡠࡊޔSSS026-15ޔ5 23-28 ᣣޔ᐀ᒛࡔ࠶࿖㓙ળ⼏႐ ⦁ᧁ ኪޔᐔᴛዏᒾޔᵻ㊁Ყޔဈਛિ, ධᭂᤘၮߦ߅ߌࠆήੱ⥶ⓨᯏ Ant-Plane ߩ㘧ⴕታ㛎ߩ ⷐ,ᖺᤊ⑼ቇㅪวᄢળޔජ⪲᐀ᒛޔ2010 ᐕ 5 23 ᣣ-28 ᣣ 㕍ጊ㓶৻ޔᶈ৻㇢ޔ㊁ᧁ⟵ผޔ㕍ᧁ⨃, GPS ࡉࠗࠍᵴ↪ߒߚ᳖ᴡ᳖ᐥᵹേߩ㜞♖ᐲ⸘᷹, ධᭂⷰ ᷹ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ 㕍ጊ㓶৻ޔᶈ৻㇢ޔᷦ⼱㓶, GPS ࡉࠗࠍߞߚ⊕ἑ᳖ᴡ᳖⥠ߩᵹേࡕ࠾࠲ࡦࠣ, ᣣᧄᖺᤊ ⑼ቇㅪวㅪว 2010 ᐕᄢળ 㕍ጊ㓶৻ޔᶈ৻㇢ޔᷦ⼱㓶, GPS ࡉࠗߦࠃࠆᶏᵗầ᳤᷹ⷰ, ╙ 30 ࿁ᭂၞቇࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ 㧙㧙 ― 101 ― 㕍ጊ㓶৻ޔᶈ৻㇢ޔᷦ⼱㓶, GPS ࡉࠗߦࠃࠆ㔐᳖ᶏᵗ᷹ⷰ, ᣣᧄ᷹ቇળ╙ 114 ࿁⻠Ṷળ ችࠁ߈ᦧⷺޔᢅᤘޔၳᳯᙗ〝, ጘ㒂⋵ർㇱዊ㠽ᎹၞߦಽᏓߔࠆ㘧㛗ᄌᚑጤ㘃ߩ᷷ᐲ㧙ജ㧙ᤨ㑆 㧙ᵹ⚻〝, ᣣᧄᖺᤊ⑼ቇㅪวᄢળ 㚍႐ჽᄥ㇢ޔၳᳯᙗ〝ޔᄖ↰ᥓජ┙⿷ޔ㆐ᦶޔᄢ↰ᱜ, ᧲ධᭂਛᄩ࠼ࡠࡦࠗࡦࠣࡕ࠼ࡦ࠼ౝ 㒽ጊߦ↥ߔࠆ 㤗ጤ㘃ߩ SHRIMP ࠫ࡞ࠦࡦ U–Pb ᐕઍ, ╙ 30 ࿁ᭂၞቇࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ ⼾࿖Ḯ⍮┻ޔਛඳ჻ޔ㊄የ♿, ⥄Ꮖ㊀ജࠍ⠨ᘦߒߚో㔡ᵄേ႐ߩ⸘▚ߣᭂၞᵄᒻ࠺࠲ߩᲧ セ,╙ 30 ࿁ᭂၞቇࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ⻠ࡓࠣࡠࡊޔṶⷐᣦ VI-5ޔ12 2 ᣣ㧙12 3 ᣣޔ࿖┙ᭂ ⎇ⓥᚲ ⼾࿖Ḯ⍮┻ޔਛඳ჻ޔ㊄የ♿, ᐳᮡ 2.5 ᰴరᏅಽᴺߦࠃࠆℂ⺰㔡ᵄᒻ⸘▚ 㨪ධᭂߦ߅ߌࠆ᷹ⷰ ᵄᒻߣߩᲧセ㨪, ࿖㓙ᭂᐕ 2007-2008 ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ - ⷙᮨߩᄌേ⽎ߣᭂၞߩᓎഀࠅ-ࡠࡊޔ ࠣࡓ⻠Ṷⷐᣦ P23ޔ㧟㧝ᣣޔᣣᧄቇⴚળ⼏ 㥲⮮㓁ᦧⷺޔᢅᤘޔᷡ᳓ᕡሶޔM. SantoshޔT.R.K Chettyޔၳᳯᙗ〝, ධࠗࡦ࠼ Palghat-Cauvery ᢿ Ꮺߩ Perundurai ߮ Kanja Malai ߦ↥ߔࠆ⧰㋕⾰ࠣ࠾ࡘࠗ࠻ߩᲧセ, ᣣᧄ⾰ቇળᐕળ Funaki, M. and Hirasawa, N. Aeromagnetic survey by a small autonomous unmanned aerial vehicle, Ant-Plane developed for Antarctic research,SCAR meeting, Buenos Aires, Argentine, 3 Aug. 2010 Funaki, M., Hirasawa, N. and Ant-Plane Group, Atmospheric and aeromagnetic researches by a small autonomous UAV, Ant-Plane, developed for Antarctic research, Workshop on Scientific Applications of Unmanned Aerial Systems in Atmospheric Research, Clare College, Cambridge and Met Office, Cardington, 22-24 Sep. 2010 Toyokuni, G., Takenaka, H. and Kanao, M., Inspection of seismic waveforms observed on Antarctica through numerical modelling based on a spherical 2.5-D finite-difference scheme, International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference, PS1-D.1, Oslo, Norway, June 8-12 Toyokuni, G., Takenaka, H. and Kanao, M. Comparison of Seismic Waveforms Calculated by a Spherical 2.5-D Finite-difference Method with Observed Data, 7th Annual Meeting on Asia Oceania Geoscience Society, July 5-9, Hyderabad, SE18-17-15-D3-PM1-1.04-002 Toyokuni, G., Takenaka, H. and Kanao, M. INSPECTION OF SEISMIC WAVEFORMS OBSERVED ON ANTARCTICA THROUGH NUMERICAL MODELLING BASED ON A SPHERICAL 2.5-D FINITE-DIFFERENCE SCHEME,SCAR Open Science Conference, August 3-6, Buenos Aires, S20 Himeno, H. and Nanjo, K.Z., Improvement of Likelihood Model Testing, Workshop on "Earthquake Forecasting Systems Based on Seismicity: Toward Constructing Base line Models of Earthquake Forecasting Heeszel, D.S., Sun, X., Wiens, D.A., Nyblade, A., Kanao, M., An, M., Zhao, Y., Anandakrishnan, S. and Aster, R.C. Shear velocity structure of the Gamburtsev Mountains, Transantarctic Mountains, and East Antarctica from surface wave tomography,International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference, PS1-D.91, Oslo, Norway, June 8-12 Hokada, T., Adachi, T., Osanai, Y., Nakano, N., Toyoshima, T. and Baba, S. Corundum-quartz, Zn-bearing spinel and staurolite inclusions in garnet, and their implications for metamorphic evolution of the Sør Rondane Mountains, East Antarctica, 20th General Meeting of the International Mineralogical Association Horie K., Hokada T., Hiroi Y., Motoyoshi Y. and Shiraishi K. Contrasting Archaean crustal records in western part of the Napier Complex, east Antarctica, 5th International Archaean Symposium Horie K., Hokada T., Hiroi Y., Motoyoshi Y. and Shiraishi K. Zircon geochronology of Archean crust in western 㧙㧙 ― 102 ― part of the Napier Complex, East Antarctica,5th SHRIMP workshop Imae N., Taylor S. and Iwata N. Relict grains in seven unmelted micrometeorites and their common link to chondrules in carbonaceous chondrites, 33rd Symposium on Antarctic Meteorites Kaiden, H., Kojima H. and Goderis, S. Collection of the Asuka 09 meteorites by the 51st Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition: A preliminary report, The 33rd Symposium on Antarctic Meteorites, June 8-9 Anderson, K.R., Beaudoin, B.C., Butler, R., Clinton, J.F., Dahl-Jensen, T., Ekstrom, G., Giardini, D., Govoni, A., Hanka, W., Kanao, M., Larsen, T., Lasocki, S., McCormack, D.A., Mykkeltveit, S., Nettles, M., Agostinetti, N.P., Tsuboi, S. and Voss, P. The Greenland Ice Sheet Monitoring Network (GLISN), AGU Fall 2010 Meeting, 13-17 December, C43A-0525, San Francisco, California, USA Kanao, M. Teleseismic detection capability, regional lithospheric dynamics and ice related seismic signals around the Lützow-Holm Bay Region, East Antarctica,International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference, EA8.2-7.5, Oslo, Norway, June 8-12 Kanao, M. TELESEISMIC DETECTABILITY, LITHOSPHERIC DYNAMICS AND GLACIAL EARTHQUAKE SIGNALS AROUND THE LUTZOW-HOLM BAY REGION, EAST ANTARCTICA, SCAR Open Science Conference, August 3-6, Buenos Aires, S20 Kanao, M. Broadband seismic study during the IPY 2007-2008 in East Antarctica, Geoscience meeting, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 21 October, Beijing, China Kanao, M., Kadokura, A. and Yamanouchi, T. Science Database and Japanese National Data Center, 22nd International CODATA Conference, 24-27 October, Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa Kanao, M., Wiens, D. and Nyblade, A. BROADBAND SEISMIC DEPLOYMENTS IN EAST ANTARCTICA: IPY CONTRIBUTION TO UNDERSTAND EARTH’S INTERIOR㧙AGAP/GAMSEIS PY # 147–, SCAR Open Science Conference, August 3-6, Buenos Aires, S8 Kanao, M., Wiens, D., Nyblade, A., Tanaka S. and Tsuboi, S. Broadband seismics during IPY in East Antarctica (AGAP/GAMSEIS), SEISMIX-2010 – 14th International symposium on the seismic probing of the continents and their margins, Cains, Australia, #68 Kanao, M., Wiens, D., Nyblade, A., Tanaka S. and Tsuboi, S. Broadband seismic deployments in East Antarctica: IPY contribution to understand Earth's deep interior 㧙 AGAP/GAMSEIS ; IPY # 147-,International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference, EM8.5-3.1, Oslo, Norway, June 8-12 Kanao, M., Wiens, D., Nyblade, A., Tanaka, S. and Tsuboi, S. Broadband Seismic Deployments in East Antarctica: AGAP/GAMSEIS; IPY # 147, 7th Annual Meeting on Asia Oceania Geoscience Society, July 5-9, Hyderabad, SE18-17-15-D3-PM1-1.04-001 Kanao, M., Himeno, T., Tsuboi, T., Dahl-Jensen T. and Anderson, K. R. Glacial earthquake activities around the Greenland and surrounding regions, International Symposium on the Arctic Research, G4-P3, Tokyo, Japan, December 7-9 Kanao, M., Takemoto, T., Fujiwara, A., Ito K. and Ikawa, T. 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Alkaline element fractionation in LL-chondritic breccias,AGU Fall Meeting ⦁ᧁ ኪޔᐔᴛ ዏᒾޔAnt-Plane ࠣ࡞ࡊ, Development of small unmannedaerial vehicles for Antarctic Research, ╙ 30 ࿁ᭂၞቇࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓޔ࿖┙ᭂ⎇ⓥᚲ Funaki, M. and Hirasawa, N. Aeromagnetic survey by a small autonomous unmanned aerial vehicle, ANT-PLANE developed for Antarctic research, SCAR'2010 meeting, Buenos Funaki, M., Hirasawa, N. and Ant-plane group, Aeromagnetic survey by a small autonomous unmanned aerial vehicles, Ant-Plane, developed for Atmospheric research, ࠕࠫࠕࠝࠕ࠾ࠕ⑼ቇળ⼏(AOGS)2010. Hyderabad India Funaki, M., Hirasawa, N. and Ant-plane group, Atmospheric and aeromagnetic researches by a small autonomous UAV, Ant-Plane, Developed for Antarctic Research,The European Union’s COST Action ES0802, Workshop on Scientific Application of Unmanned Aerial Systems in Atmospheric Research. Cambridge, UK. Funaki, M., Hirasawa, N., Asano, H. and Sakanaka, S. A review of the flights for autonomous unmanned aerial vehicle, Ant-Plane, at Syowa Station, Antarctica, ᣣᧄᖺᤊ⑼ቇㅪว 2010 ᄢળޔජ⪲Ꮢ᐀ᒛࡔ ࠶ Ishihara, Y., Yamamoto, M.-Y. and Kanao, M. Current Status and Results of Infrasound Pilot Observation at Syowa Station, Antarctica,International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference, PS3-A.39, Oslo, Norway, June 8-12 Ishihara, Y., Yamamoto, M.-Y. and Kanao, M. INFRASOUND OBSERVATION AT SYOWA STATION, ANTARCTICA, SCAR Open Science Conference, August 3-6, Buenos Aires, S7 Niihara, T., Misawa, K., Horie, K. and Kaiden, H. Young U–Pb age of baddeleyite in enriched shergottite RBT 04261, Annual Meetings of the Meteoritical Society Niihara, T., Tachikawa, O. and Horie, K. New desine megamount holder, application for extra terrestrial materials,5th SHRIMP workshop Nogi, Y., Jokat, W., Shibuya, K. and Shiraishi, K. Joint Japanese-German airborne geophysical surveys around Syowa Station, East Antarctica, ᣣᧄᖺᤊ⑼ቇㅪว 2010 ᐕᄢળޔ5 23㧙28ޔ᐀ᒛࡔ࠶࿖㓙ળ ⼏႐ Saitoh Y., Tsunogae T., Santosh M., Shimizu H., Chetty T.R.K. and Horie, K. High-pressure mafic granulites from Perundurai and Kanja Malai in the Palghat-Cauvery Suture Zone, southern India, 7th International Symposium on Gondwana to Asia Bruin, T., Finney, K., Gordon, S., Campbell, H. and SCADM members, SCADM, promoting and creating the vital deta legacy of Antarctica, 22nd International CODATA Conference, 24-27 October, Stellenbosch, Cape 㧙㧙 ― 104 ― Town, South Africa Dahl-Jensen, T., Anderson, K. R., Beaudoin, B. C., Butler, R., Clinton, J. F., Ekström, G., Giardini, D., Hanka, W., Kanao, M., larsen, T. B., McCormack, D., Mykkelveit, S., Nettles, M., Agostinetti, N. P., Tsuboi S. and Voss, P. The GreenLand Ice Sheet monitoring Network (GLISN), International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference, PS3-A.45, Oslo, Norway, June 8-12 Dahl-Jensen, T., Anderson, K. R., Beaudoin, B. C., Butler, R., Clinton, J. F., Ekström, G., Giardini, D., Hanka, W., Kanao, M., larsen, T. B., McCormack, D., Mykkelveit, S., Nettles, M., Agostinetti, N. P., Tsuboi S. and Voss, P. The GreenLand Ice Sheet monitoring Network (GLISN), International Symposium on the Arctic Research, G4-P2, Tokyo, Japan, December 7-9 ᶈ৻㇢ޔ㕍ጊ㓶৻ޔᣂ⋥᮸ޔᷦ⼱㓶, GPS ࠍ↪ߚධᭂ᳖ᐥ᳖ෘᄌൻ⸘᷹ߩ⹜ߺ(⛯ႎ㧕, ᣣ ᧄᖺᤊ⑼ቇㅪว 2010 ᐕᄢળ ᶈ৻㇢ޔ㕍ጊ㓶৻ᧁ⦁ޔኪ᧲ޔ㊁િ৻㇢ޔᣂ⋥᮸, ή✢ LAN ࠍ↪ߚ GPS ࠺࠲㆙㓒࿁⹜ 㛎, 114 ࿁ᣣᧄ᷹ቇળ ၳᳯᙗ〝ޔႇਯᕶޔMoonsup Choޔਅ৻ޔᣣ㜞ᵗ, Redistribution of U, Th and REE during zircon alteration in association with igneous thermal activities, ᣣᧄᖺᤊ⑼ቇㅪวᄢળ ၳᳯᙗ〝ޔᄖ↰ᥓජޔᑝ⟤㇌ᧄޔศᵗ৻⊕ޔ⍹ⴕ, ᧲ධᭂ࠽ࡇࠕጤㇱߦ߅ߌࠆᆎ↢ઍᄢ㒽 Ზߩ∥〔ߩኻᲧ, ╙ 30 ࿁ᭂၞቇࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ ၳᳯᙗ〝ޔᄖ↰ᥓජޔᑝ⟤㇌ᧄޔศᵗ৻⊕ޔ⍹ⴕ, Contrasting Archaean crustal records in western part of the Napier Complex, East Antarctica, ᣣᧄᖺᤊ⑼ቇㅪวᄢળ ႇਯᕶޔၳᳯᙗ〝⊕ޔ⍹ⴕޔᮮጊ৻Ꮖ, 㐳ፒ⋵㊁Უፒ᧲ㇱߦ↥ߔࠆ⧎ፘጤ⾰᭴ㅧጤ႙ߩࠫ࡞ࠦࡦ U-Pb ᐕઍ, ᣣᧄൻቇળ ႇਯᕶޔችਅᢕޔၳᳯᙗ〝⼱᧼ޔᔀਣ⊕ޔ⍹ⴕ, ᄤ┥ၞޟਃᵄᎹᏪߩޠၸⓍᐕઍ߮ᄌᚑᐕઍ, ᣣ ᧄ㋶‛⑼ቇળᐕળ ᆢ㊁ືੱޔ㊄የ♿ޔየᒻ⦟ᒾ, ࡃ࠾⻉ፉㄝߢߩ㔡ᵴേᐲߩᤨ㑆ᄌൻ, ╙ 30 ࿁ᭂၞቇࠪࡦ ࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ⻠ࡓࠣࡠࡊޔṶⷐᣦ VI-4ޔ12 2 ᣣ㧙12 3 ᣣޔ࿖┙ᭂ⎇ⓥᚲ ᆢ㊁ືੱޔ㊄የ♿ޔየᒻ⦟ᒾ, ࡃ࠾⻉ፉㄝߢߩ㔡ᵴേߩᤨ㑆ᄌൻ, ╙ 30 ࿁ᭂၞቇࠪࡦࡐ ࠫ࠙ࡓ ᆢ㊁ືੱޔ㊄የ♿, ධᭂࡊ࠻ߢߩ㔡ᵴേᐲߩᤨ㑆ᄌൻߦߟߡ, ࿖㓙ᭂᐕ 2007-2008 ࠪࡦࡐࠫ ࠙ࡓ - ⷙᮨߩᄌേ⽎ߣᭂၞߩᓎഀࠅ-⻠ࡓࠣࡠࡊޔṶⷐᣦ P24ޔ3 1 ᣣޔᣣᧄቇⴚળ ⼏ ዊ᧻ ቁᐽޔጊᧄ ⌀ⴕޔ⍹ේ ศޔ㊄የ ♿ޔ㒙ㇱ ℉⟤ޔᐔ᧻ ⦟ᶈ, ࠗࡦࡈࠨ࠙ࡦ࠼࠺࠲⸃ ᨆ࠰ࡈ࠻࠙ࠚࠕߩ㐿⊒ߣ᪉ፉྃἫߦࠃࠆࠗࡦࡈࠨ࠙ࡦ࠼ߩ⸃ᨆ, ᣣᧄᖺᤊ⑼ቇㅪว 2010 ᐕᄢ ળ ࡓࠣࡠࡊޔMIS004-P02ޔ5 23-28 ᣣޔ᐀ᒛࡔ࠶࿖㓙ળ⼏႐ ዊ᧻ቁᐽޔጊᧄ⌀ⴕޔ⍹ේศޔ㊄የ♿ޔ㒙ㇱ℉⟤, ࠗࡦࡈࠨ࠙ࡦ࠼⸃ᨆ࠰ࡈ࠻࠙ࠚࠕߩ㐿⊒, ╙ 33 ࿁ᭂၞ᳇᳓ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ⻠ࡓࠣࡠࡊޔṶⷐᣦ II-2ޔ11 30 ᣣ㧙12 1 ᣣޔ࿖┙ᭂ⎇ⓥ ᚲ ᣧᴡ⑲┨ޔằ⼱㓶ޔᶈ৻㇢ޔ㕍ጊ㓶৻ޔ㊄የ♿ޔᳰ↰ ඳ, ධᭂᤘၮߢ᷹ⷰߐࠇࠆ ⥄↱ᝄേᏪၞߩ❋⁁ାภ, ╙ 30 ࿁ᭂၞቇࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ⻠ࡓࠣࡠࡊޔṶⷐᣦ VI-2ޔ12 2 ᣣ㧙12 3 ᣣޔ࿖┙ᭂ⎇ⓥᚲ ᳰፒసବޔ⍫㊁ഃޔጟᧄජ㉿ޔᯌ⋭๋ޔᩕ⋥ޔጊޔ㐳⼱Ꮉ⋥ޔਛᤘሶޔንጊ㓉ዂ, ߪ߿߱ 㧙㧙 ― 105 ― ߐ 2 ߩࠨࡦࡊ࡞࿁ᮨᡆታ㛎,ർᶏᄢቇૐ᷷⑼ቇ⎇ⓥᚲห↪⎇ⓥ㓸ળ ᄤߩⴣ⓭‛ℂߩ⸃ (VI) ᶏ↰ඳมޔዊፉ⑲ᐽޔGoderis Steven, ╙ 51 ᰴᣣᧄධᭂၞ᷹ⷰ㓌ߦࠃࠆ ߆ߔޟ09 㓓⍹ߣ⊒ߩޠ ណ㓸, ᣣᧄ㋶‛⑼ቇળ 2010 ᐕᐲᐕળ㧘9 23 ᣣ-25 ᣣ㧘ፉᩮᄢቇ ਃỈ ม, ධᭂߦ㒠ߞߚᤊድ, ᄤ᷹ⷰޔ㓓⍹ಽᨆޔᄤᩭ‛ℂቇߦࠃࠆห⚵ᚑߣర⚛ߩḮߩ ⎇ⓥޔ࿖┙ᄤᢥบਃ㣔 ᩕ⋥ޔࠗ࠹ࡦࠩࠬޔጤ↰ዏ⢻, ☻☸ߣߌᱷࠅ㋶‛ࠍධᭂᓸ㓓⍹㧦ࠦࡦ࠼ࠗ࠻ൻቇ ࠣ࡞ࡊߣߩ㑐ㅪᕈ, ᣣᧄ㋶‛⑼ቇળᐕળ ⍹ේศޔጊᧄ⌀ⴕޔ㊄የ♿ޔᐔ᧻⦟ᶈޔฎᧄቬల, ධᭂᤘၮߣࠝࠬ࠻ࠕ࠙ࡔ┙ ߜࠅ㒢ၞߦ߅ߌࠆࡑࠗࠢࡠࡃࡠࡓࠬߩᲧセ, ╙ 33 ࿁ᭂၞ᳇᳓ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓࡓࠣࡠࡊޔ ⻠Ṷⷐᣦ PM03ޔ11 30 ᣣ㧙12 㧝ᣣޔ࿖┙ᭂ⎇ⓥᚲ 4）生物圏研究グループ ↰ㆻఝ⾆ሶޔᎿ⮮ᩕ,ධᭂḓᴧ↢ᘒ♽ߦ߅ߌࠆశวᚑ↢‛㓸วߩᒻᘒ᭴ㅧ߅ࠃ߮ᯏ⢻ߩᄙ᭽ᕈ,ᣣᧄ 㒽᳓ቇળ ╙ 75 ࿁ᄢળ 㘵↰㜞ᄢዊ㆐ᕡᄦశ↵ᐔ⼎੨McGaffin Angela,ධᄢᵗࠗࡦ࠼ᵗ᧲⚻㧝㧝㧜ᐲࠗࡦߦ߅ ߌࠆ ᬀ‛ࡊࡦࠢ࠻ࡦ⟲㓸ߩᄌേ⸃ᨆ,2010 ᐕᐲᣣᧄᶏᵗቇળ⑺ቄᄢળ 㘵↰㜞ᄢ㨯ዊ㆐ᕡᄦశ↵㨯ᐔ⼎੨,ධᄢᵗ᧲⚻ 110°ઃㄭߦ߅ߌࠆࡑࠢࡠᩕ㙃Ⴎߣࠢࡠࡠࡈࠖ࡞ a Ớ ᐲߩᄌേ,2010 ᐕᐲᣣᧄᶏᵗቇળᤐቄᄢળ 㜞ᯅ㇌ᄦޔዊ㆐ᕡᄦޔశ↵ޔ◊⼱ޔᎹญഃ,ධᭂᶏࠗࡦ࠼ᵗ᧲⚻ 110 ᐲࠗࡦߦ߅ߌࠆേ‛ࡊ ࡦࠢ࠻ࡦ⟲㓸ߩᄌേ⸃ᨆ,ᣣᧄᶏᵗቇળ⑺ቄᄢળ ዊᨋᖗᔒട⮮ஜ๋↰ผ. Bryum argenteum ߦ߅ߌࠆධᭂᄢ㒽↥ߣ࿖↥ߩⅣႺㆡᔕߦࠃࠆᒻᘒ⊛ ߥᏅ⇣. ╙ 74 ࿁ᣣᧄᬀ‛ቇળ 2010 ᐕ 9 ዊᨋᖗᔒ. ⒳ሶፉߦ߅ߌࠆࠬ࠳ࠫࠗޔ㔀⒳ߩࠗࠫࡉ࠷ޔ⟲ಽᏓߩ⁁. ╙ 15 ࿁ᬀ↢ቇળ 2010 ᐕ9 G. Hashida, T. Nakazawa, S. Aoki, S. Nakaoka, H. Yoshikawa-Inoue, T. Yamanouchi, T. Odate, and M. Fukuchi,Ocean Acidification States in the Indian Sector of the Southern Ocean relating to the secular trend and seasonal variation of Oceanic Carbon Dioxide,International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference, 2010 8-12 June, Oslo, norway Iida, T,Evaluation of temporal and spatial variability of marine ecosystem and primary productivity in the polar oceans using ocean color remote sensing,Joint PI Workshop of Global Environment Observation Mission Imura, S.,Benthic vegetation and microbial diversity in Antarctic lakes.,SCAR OSC Imura, S. & Kato, K.,Diversity of lakes and aquatic mosses in Syowa Station area, Antarctica., IPY Oslo Science Conference Kunio T. Takahashi, Graham W. Hosie, Tsuneo Odate and Mitsuo Fukuchi,The variability of zooplankton distribution patterns between nine seasons along the 110ºE and 150ºE meridian in the Southern Ocean.,SCAR XXXI Open Science Conference. Kunio T. Takahashi, Takahiro Iida, Tsuneo Odate, Atsushi Tanimura, So Kawaguchi and Mitsuo Fukuchi,The variability of zooplankton community structure along the 110ºE meridian in the Southern Ocean.,XXXII 㧙㧙 ― 106 ― Symposium on Polar Biology T. Iida,Evaluation of temporal and spatial variability of marine ecosystem and primary productivity in the polar oceans using ocean color remote sensing,1st Asian Workshop on Ocean Color, Hakodate T. Iida, K. T. Takahashi, T. Odate, M. Fukuchi, A. McGaffin, B. Raymond,The variability of ocean environment and phytoplankton along the 110°E meridian in the Southern Ocean,The 32nd Symposium on Polar Biology Takahashi A, Watanabe S, Kokubun N, Dunn M, Trathan P,Spatial movement linked to diving behaviour in chinstrap penguins.,1st World Seabird Conference Takuro Kobashi, Kenji Kawamura, Jeffrey Severinghaus, T. Nakaegawa,Greenland temperature variation for the last four millennia,Second International Symposium on the Arctic Research, Tokyo, December Tanabe Y, Kudoh S,Photophysiological responses and the structure are the key to the success of lush vegetation covering the lake beds in Antarctica,31st Congress of the International Limnological Society 5）極地工学研究グループ ߥߒ 㧙㧙 ― 107 ― 7. ⛁Ꮥ◂✪㈕ຐ㔘 1㸞⛁Ꮥ◂✪㈕ຐ㔘ᢝ≟Ἓ 㔘㢘༟న(༐ළ) ༇ฦ H16 ௲ᩐ H17 㔘㢘 ௲ᩐ H19 H18 㔘㢘 ௲ᩐ 㔘㢘 ௲ᩐ H20 㔘㢘 ௲ᩐ H21 㔘㢘 H22 㔘㢘 㔘㢘 7 78,600 1 2,900 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 80,680 7 71,940 9 182,210 1 0 50,833 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 91,874 11,400 20 7 19 4 12 1 29,680 500 11 1 21,296 500 13 2 26,020 4,500 9 3 7 1 0 24,700 (7,410) 90,006 29,700 (8,910) 173,496 51,100 (15,330) 99,148 900 (270) 3,020 500 0 2 19 8 200,420 7,200 (2,160) 90,286 22,100 (6,630) 78,960 22,200 (6,660) 64,640 4,100 (1,230) 9,501 1,200 0 1 105,784 9,100 0 29,200 (8,760) 29,200 18,000 (5,400) 33,640 33,000 (9,900) 116,558 5,800 (1,740) 15,778 3,400 1 1 23 6 26,900 (8,070) 26,900 16,600 (4,980) 42,500 20,800 (3,210) 143,037 9,100 0 2 3 9 26,900 (8,070) 26,900 27,900 (8,370) 43,000 20,400 2 2 13 49,900 (14,970) 51,200 11,818 (3,545) 18,700 46,900 3 0 4,980 0 6 0 15,290 0 4 0 11,340 0 8 19,500 0 2 0 4,250 0 5 1 0 5 0 6,700 0 4 0 5,400 0 4 0 5,400 5 0 6,200 2 3 1 5 7 12,930 9 20,520 11 23,143 13 0 23,424 0 11 0 29,980 4,100 (1,230) 21,222 0 0 0 0 1 0 1,370 2 1 0 134,700 (40,410) 148,400 11,600 (3,480) 102,550 51,600 (15,480) 131,886 2,900 (870) 13,450 1,800 (0) 5,050 3,800 (1,140) 9,350 4,500 (1,350) 27,532 16,300 (4,890) 16,300 2,000 (600) 7,387 0 ≁ᏽ㡷ᇡ◂✪ ᩺Ꮥ⾙㡷ᇡ◂✪ ᇱ┑◂✪㸝S) 2 2 ᇱ┑◂✪㸝A) 2 2 2 2 4 6 ᇱ┑◂✪㸝B) 2 3 5 7 ᇱ┑◂✪㸝C) ᣦᡋⓏⴄⰾ◂✪ ͤH21ᖳᗐࡻࡽྞ⛘ን ᭞ ྞ⛘㸝ⴄⰾ◂ ✪㸞 3 3 7 7 14 4 3 3 10 12 17 1 2 1 ⱕᡥ◂✪㸝A) ⱕᡥ◂✪㸝B) 14 1 ⱕᡥ◂✪㸝S) ◂✪Ὡິࢪࢰ࣭ࢹᨥᥴ ͤH22ᖳᗐࡻࡽྞ⛘ን ᭞ࠈྞ⛘㸝ⱕᡥ◂✪ ࢪࢰ࣭ࢹࢴࣈ)) 0 0 0 0 3 1 8,150 700 5 0 5,704 0 1 0 0 2 2 5 5 0 9,500 13,463 5,200 5,200 0 0 218,218 0 2 2 6 6 0 0 35 0 10,600 13,681 6,100 6,950 0 0 112,100 3 1 3 2 2 0 1 27 4,261 4,900 16,254 2,200 2,200 0 60,275 91,100 1 2 2 4 4 0 0 31 2,493 8,700 11,470 4,500 5,200 0 0 110,170 (25,800) 313,800 0 1 4 2 1 0 0 23 62,960 1,340 (402) 1,340 0 1 2 0 3,500 22,002 1,854 1,500 0 0 67,594 (18,312) 587,061 0 1 1 5 2 0 0 33 3 0 15,650 7,400 (2,220) 10,580 6,500 (1,950) 29,359 33,800 (10,140) 38,520 2,200 (660) 4,480 0 2 3 8 13 24 2 6 1 2 1 2 4 13 1 1 2 6 0 ≁ื◂✪ಀ㐅㈕ ◂✪ᠺᯕප㛜ಀ㐅㈕ ≁ื◂✪ဤዜທ㈕ Ꮥ⾙ᠺ◂✪㈕ 43 (18,515) ゛ 64 322,617 (16,440) 65 311,451 (16,260) 75 546,290 69 55 59 0 3,700 5,357 4,600 2,700 0 0 165,100 (46,890) 472,316 0 2 2 4 4 0 0 35 70 0 6,400 8,611 3,000 3,875 0 0 238,600 (68,220) 474,391 ͤ ୕ṹࡢ├⤊㈕ࠉ㸝ࠈ㸞ࡢ㛣⤊㈕ࠊୖṹࡢ⏞ㄫᩐཀྵࡦ⏞ㄫ㔘㢘ࠊ⏞ㄫᩐཀྵࡦ⏞ㄫ㔘㢘ࡢࠉ᩺ぜ⏞ㄫཀྵࡦ⤽⤾ㄚ㢗ࡡ ஹ⏞ㄫᩐཀྵࡦ㔘㢘ྱࡱࡿࡾࠊ ͤ ஹỬᏽ๑࡞㎙㏝ࡊࡒ◂✪ㄚ㢗ࡢᢝ௲ᩐࠉ㔘㢘࡞ྱࡱ࠷ࠊ ͤ ஹỬᏽᚃ࡞◂✪⾪⩽ᶭ㛭࡞㌷ฝࡊࡒ◂✪ㄚ㢗ࡢࠉᢝ௲ᩐࠉ㔘㢘࡞࢜ࣤࢹࡊ࠷ࠊ ͤ ஹỬᏽᚃ࡞◂✪ㄚ㢗ࢅᗣḾࡊࡒሔྙࡢࠉ⏕ࡊࡒຐ㔘࠵ࡾሔྙ࡞㝀ࡽᢝ௲ᩐ࡞࢜ࣤࢹࡊࠉ⏕ࡊࡒຐ㔘 ࡡ㔘㢘࡞㝀ࡖ࡙ᢝ㔘㢘࡞ྱࡳࠊ ͤ ஹහᏽᚃ࡞◂✪⾪⩽ࡡ㌷ථ࠵ࡖࡒ◂✪ㄚ㢗ࡢࠉᢝ௲ᩐཀྵࡦᢝ㔘㢘࡞ྱࡳࠊ ― 108 ― 䌝 㻔㻓㻖䌝 2㸞⛁Ꮥ◂✪㈕ຐ㔘࡞ࡻࡾ◂✪ ᇱ┑◂✪㸝㹈㸞 ①ᮇᒜ ⚵᪺ ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯ểᗃࢤࡡ⥪ྙゆᯊ࡞ࡻࡾᵕࠍ㛣ࢪࢢ࣭ࣜࡡᆀ⌣⎌ሾንິࡡゆ᪺ ◂✪㛣㸯ᖲᠺ 21ࠤ25 ᖳᗐ ᡜහ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽㸯᮶ ⨶Ꮔ ᡜአ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽ᩐ㸯2 ྞ ⤊㈕㸯├⤊㈕ 56,900,000 ළ 㛣⤊㈕ 17,070,000 ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ༞ᴗࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋ࠾ࡼཱིࡊࡒࡈ 3035m ࡡểᗃࢤࡢ㐛ཡ 72 ᖳࡱ࡚ࡡᆀ⌣ぜᶅࡡẴು࣬⎌ሾን ິࡡṌྍࢅಕᏋࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋࡢểᗃࡡ㡤୕࡞న⨠ࡌࡾࡡ࡚ểᗃὮິ࡞ఔ࠹ࢿࢫࡂࠉẴ ು࣬⎌ሾንິࡡᚗඔ࡞⌦Ⓩࢤ࡚࠵ࡾࠊࡆࡡểᗃࢤࡡᖳࢅ㧏⢥ᗐ࡞Ửᏽࡊࠉᆀᇡࡡểᗃࢤ ࡷᾇᗇࢤ◂✪ࠉୠ⏲ࡡᆀ⌣⎌ሾྍ◂✪ࡡᇱ‵࡛ࡾẴು࣬⎌ሾንິエ㘋ࢅᥞ౩ࡌࡾࠊࡈࡼ࡞ Ὼᬦ࡛ῺᐄຝᯕẴమቌຊࡡࢰ࣐ࣤࢡࡷࠉᑏ㔖ንິ࡛Ὼᬦ-ᐨ෫ࡡࢰ࣑ࣚࢡࠉể୯ࡡῺᬦ Ѹ ᐨ෫ንິࢅࡐࡡ㛣ࢪࢢ࣭ࣜ࡞༇ืࡊ࡙◂✪ࢅ㐅ࡴࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࠉᆀ⌣⎌ሾንິࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࡡ࣒࢜ࢼ ࢫ࣑ཀྵࡦࡐࡡን㐼ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࠊ◂✪⤂ᚃࠉᚋࡼࡿࡒࢸ࣭ࢰࢅࢸ࣭ࢰࢬࢴࢹ࡛ࡊ࡙ප㛜ࡊࠉᆀ⌣ ⎌ሾንິ◂✪࡞㈁⊡ࡌࡾࠊ ◂✪ᐁ⦴ ࣬༞ᴗểᗃ୕ࡡἚᓃ࠾ࡼහ㝛࡞⮫ࡾ⣑ 1000 ㎞ࡡ㍲㏞࣭ࣜࢹ࠵ࡽࠉ10 ㎞Ẏ࡞ཱིࡊࡒ⾪㟻✒㞯ࡡ ࢛ࣤࠉỀྜྷనమࠉࢱࢪࢹࡡฦᯊࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ㐛ཡࡡ◂✪⤎ᯕࢅࡨࡱ࠻࡙ࠉ⎌ሾᣞᵾ∸㈹ࡡ㍲㏞㐛⛤࡛ᇼ ✒⎌ሾࡡንິࢅㄢ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ≁࡞᭩㎾ࡡኬ㞯࡛ࡡ㛭㏻࡞Ἰ┘ࡊ࡙ᏕఌⓆ⾪ࡊࡒࠊ ࣬᩺ࡒὰᒒࢤࡡฦᯊࡢฝᮮ࠾ࡖࡒࠉࡌ࡚࡞࠵ࡾ々ᩐࢤࡡࢸ࣭ࢰࢬࢴࢹࢅ⏕࠷࡙㎾ᖳࡡᆀ⌣ ⎌ሾንິ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡡ◂✪ࢅ㐅ࡴࡒࠊ ࣬༞ᴗࡡ᭩⤂ể୯ࡡᩐ༐ᖳࢪࢢ࣭ࣜࡡῺᬦ࣊ࣤࢹ࡚࠵ࡾ AIM ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉ10 ᖳ௧හࡡ㛣ฦゆ ⬗࡚ࢤゆᯊࢅ㐅ࡴࡒࠊ࢛ࣤ 2.5 ᖳ๑࠾ࡼ 3.9 ᖳ๑ࡱ࡚ࠉỀྜྷనమ 2.7 ᖳ࠾ࡼ 3.9 ᖳࠉ ࢱࢪࢹ 2.3 ᖳ࠾ࡼ 3.9 ᖳࡱ࡚࡚ࠉ6 ࡗࡡ AIM ࣊ࣤࢹྱࡱࡿࡾࠊᖲᠺ 23 ᖳᗐ࠾ࡼ㔔ⅤⓏ࡞◂ ✪ࢅ㐅ࡴࡾࠊ ࣬ࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋࢤࡡ 72 ᖳ㛣ࡡᇱᮇࢸ࣭ࢰࢬࢴࢹషᠺ࡛㧏⢥ᗐᖳỬᏽ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡢ◂✪ࢅ⤽⤾୯ࠊ ࣬ࢱࢪࢹฦᯊἪ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡢࠉࡈࡱࡉࡱ᳠ゞࢅࡊ࡙ࠉୌᚺࡡゆỬࢅࡊࡒࠊᖲᠺ 23 ᖳᗐ࡞ࡐࡡ⤊㐛ࢅࡱ ࡛ࡴ࡙Ⓠ⾪ࡌࡾᏽ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ ࣬ຐ㔘࡞࡙㉆ථࡊࡒỀྜྷనమฦᯊ⨠ࡢ❟ࡔ୕ࡅ୯࡚ࠉࡱࡓᏽᖏⓏ㐘⏕࡞ࡢ⮫ࡖ࡙࠷࠷ࠊ ࣬ểᗃࢤ࠾ࡼẴῺንິᚗඔࢅ㧏⢥ᗐࡌࡾࡒࡴ࡞ࠉྜྷనమ࣓ࢸࣜࢅ⏕࠷ࡒẴῺᚗඔᐁ㥺࡞ࡗ࠷࡙リ ⣵්᳠ゞࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ࡛ࡂ࡞ࠉỀฦᏄࡡࠔỀ⣪ࠕ࡛ࠔ㓗⣪ࠕᏭᏽྜྷనమẒࢅ୦᪁࡛ࡵゆᯊ࡞⤄ࡲථࡿ ࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࠉỀⵠẴ㉫″ᾇᇡࡡỀῺᚗඔࡡጂᙔᛮ࡞Ἰ┘ࡊ࡙ゆᯊࡊࡒࠊࡐࡡ⤎ᯕࠉ㐛ཡࡡ◂✪⤎ᯕ࡛ࡢ ␏ࡽࠉỀⵠẴ㉫″ỀῺንິ᭯ណ࡞ኬࡀ࠷᥆ᏽೋࢅᚋࡒࠊࡊ࠾ࡊࠉẴῺࡡᚗඔ⤎ᯕࡢ㐛ཡࡡ◂✪࡛ ࡢኬࡀࡂࡢ␏ࡼ࠾ࡖࡒࠊ⌟ᅹࠉࡆࡡᡥἪࢅᆀⅤࡡࢪࢤ࡞㐲⏕ࡊࠉጂᙔᛮࢅ᳠ゞࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ Ѹ 104Ѹ ― 109 ― ②᮶ ⨶Ꮔ ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯ࢡ࣭ࣛࣤࣚࣤࢺᒒểᗃࢤ࠾ࡼずࡒ㐛ཡ 15 ᖳࡡῺᬦ࡛ࡐࡡᙫ㡢ビ౮ ◂✪㛣㸯ᖲᠺ 22ࠤ26 ᖳᗐ ᡜහ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽㸯ᕖᮟ㈴ ⸠⏛⚵ ᡜአ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽ᩐ㸯1 ྞ ⤊㈕㸯├⤊㈕ 77,800,000 ළ 㛣⤊㈕ 23,340,000 ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ࢡ࣭ࣛࣤࣚࣤࢺࡡểᗃࢤࢅฦᯊࡊࠉ㐛ཡ15ᖳ㛣ࡡẴು࣬⎌ሾንິ࡛ධ⌣ᖲᆍࡡᾇỀῺንິࢅᚗඔ ࡌࡾࠊࢤࡡ⤧ᑊᖳࢅㄏᕣ༐ᖳ௧ୖࡡ㧏⢥ᗐ࡚Ửᏽࡊࠉࢤ࠾ࡼᚗඔࡈࡿࡾኬけὊᇡࡡẴುንິࡡ ࢰ࣐ࣤࢡࢅࠉᆀ⌣㌮㐠こ⣪ࠉῺᐄຝᯕ࢝ࢪࠉᾇỀ‵ࠉᾇỀῺࠉ༞ᴗࡡẴῺ➴ࡡንິࡡࢰ࣐ࣤࢡ࡛Ẓ ㍉ࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡽࠉẴುንິ࡛ểᗃንິࡡ࣒࢜ࢼࢫ࣑࡞㏍ࡾࠊ≁࡞ࠉ᭩⤂ể࡞⏍ࡋࡒ᛬⃥Ὼᬦ ࣊ࣤࢹࠉཀྵࡦ⌟ᅹࡻࡽῺᬦ࡚࠵ࡖࡒ᭩⤂㛣ể࡞╌┘ࡊࠉ㐛ཡࡡῺᬦ࡚⏍ࡋࡒểᗃንິ࡛⎌ሾንິ࠾ ࡼࠉẴು࣓ࢸࣜ࡞ࡻࡾᑑᮮῼ࡞ྊḖࢸ࣭ࢰࢅᥞ౩ࡌࡾࠊ ◂✪ᐁ⦴ H23 ᖳᗐ࡞⧖㉲ࡡࡒࡴᐁ⦴ࡊࠊ ᇱ┑◂✪㸝A㸞(ୌ⯙) ①⸠⏛ ⚵ ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯༞ᴗểᗃහ㝛⾪ᒒ㒂ࡡᒒనᙟᠺࡡ∸⌦ᶭᵋ࡛ࡐࡡ㞹ἴ࣓࣭ࣛࢹࢬࣤࢨࣤࢡ ◂✪㛣㸯ᖲᠺ 20ࠤ22 ᖳᗐ ᡜහ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽㸯Surdyk Sylviane ᕖᮟ㈴ ᮶⨶Ꮔ ༎ᔋㄌ ᡜአ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽ᩐ㸯0 ྞ ⤊㈕㸯├⤊㈕ 8,800,000 ළ 㛣⤊㈕ 2,640,000 ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ᮇ◂✪ࡢࠉểᗃࡡ⾪㟻✒㞯ࠉࣆ࡛ࣜࣤࡣࡿࡾ㏳Ẵᛮࢅࡵࡗ↕⤎మࢅ⤊࡙ể࡞ንឺࡌࡾ㐛⛤ ࡛ࡐࡡᗀᇡ≁ᛮࡡゆ᪺◂✪ࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊᅂࡡ⏞ㄫ⩽ࡼࢅྱࡳࢡ࣭ࣜࣈࡢࠉ༞ᴗኬ㝛ểᗃහ㝛 㒂ࡡ⾪ᒒ⎌ሾࢅᗀᇡ࡞ㄢᰕࡌࡾࣈࣞࢩ࢘ࢠࢹࠔᮇ࣬ࢪ࣭࢘ࢸࣤභྜྷࢹࣚࣁ࣭ࢪࠕࢅ௺⏤࣬❟᱄࣬ ᐁ⾔ࡊࡒࠊࡐࡿ࡞ࡻࡽᚋࡼࡿࡒࢸ࣭ࢰࡷムᩩࢅᇱ┑࡞ࡊ࡙ᮇᅗහ࡚ࡡᚃࡡ 3 ᖳ㛣ࡡ⾪ᒒ∸⌦㐛⛤ ࡡ◂✪ᒈ㛜ࢅࡌࡾࠊࢹࣚࣁ࣭ࢪㄢᰕ㝪ࡡ࠾࡚ࡢࠉරమⓏ࡞ࡢࠉ✒㞯⾪⾪㟻㎾എࡡ∸⌦゛ῼ㸝ᒒనࠉ ᐠᗐࠉㄇ㞹⋙ᠺฦࠉῺᗐฦᕱ㸞ࠉ10m 㞯Ὼびῼࠉ✒㞯∸⌦ᵋ㏸ゆᯊࡡࡒࡴࡡ 10m ࢤᤸ๎ཱི࣬ࢅኣ ᆀⅤ࡚ᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉ⛛ິ⤊㊨࡞Ἒࡖ࡙㏻⤾࡚ࠉ゛ 6 ⛸ࡡểᗃ᥀ᰕ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࡷ 5 ࢲࣔࣤࢾࣜࡡ࣏ ࢠࣞἴᨲᑏ゛ࢅ⏕࠷࡙ࠉ⾪ᒒࡡ✒㞯ᒒᵋ㏸࡞㉫ᅄࡌࡾ㞹☚ἴಘྒࡡㄢᰕࢅᏰ㐑ࡊࡒࠊᮇ◂✪ࡢࠉ༞ᴗ ểᗃහ㝛⾪ᒒ㒂ࡡᒒనᙟᠺ∸⌦ᶭᵋࢅࠉ≁࡞ᑏ࡛Ẵ㇗᮪௲࡛ࡡ㛭ࢂࡽ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ᗀᇡ࡞ᢍᥩࡊࠉࡈࡼ ࡞ࡢࡐࡿ࡛├࡞㛭౿ࡌࡾ༞ᴗểᗃ࡞࠾࠾ࡾ㞹ἴ࣓࣭ࣛࢹࢬࣤࢨࣤࢡᢇ⾙࡛ࡡ㛭౿ࡡゆ᪺ࢅࡌࠊ ◂✪ᐁ⦴ ᮇᖳᗐࡢࠉ๑ᖳᗐ࡞⤾ࡀࠉ༞ᴗびῼ࡚ᚋࡼࡿࡒ㞯ểムᩩ࠽ࡻࡦ⌟ᆀࢸ࣭ࢰࡷ࣓࣭ࣛࢹࢬࣤࢨࣤࢡࢸ ࣭ࢰࢅඔ࡞ࠉムᩩฦᯊ࡛ࢸ࣭ࢰゆᯊࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊ◂✪ᐁ᪃ࡡࡒࡴࠉ◂✪⾪⩽ࡢ㸧ྞࡡ⛁◂㈕ࣈࣞࢩ ࢘ࢠࢹ◂✪ဤࢅᖳᗐහ࡞㞘⏕ࡊ࡙◂✪ࢅ᥆㐅ࡊࡒࠊ◂✪ᠺᯕප⾪࡛ゞㄵࡡࡒࡴ࡞ࠉࢿ࣭ࣜ࢘ࡡ࢛ࢪ Ѹ 105Ѹ ― 110 ― ࣞẮ࡚㛜തࡈࡿࡒ IPY ᅗ㝷ఌ㆗࡞◂✪⾪⩽ཤຊࡊࠉࡐࡡࡒࡴ࡞᪉㈕ࢅこࡊࡒࠊㄵᩝᇮ➱ࢅࡌࡌࡴ ࡙࠽ࡽࠉᢖ✇ࡼࡦ࡞ᢖ✇‵ങࢅࡌࡌࡴࡒࠊムᩩฦᯊ࡞࠾࠾ࡾ∸ဗࡡ㉆ථࢅこࡊࡒࠊᙔิ゛⏤࡞Ἒࡖ ࡙ࠉ௧ୖ㸪㡧┘ࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊ (1) ༞ᴗ⌟ᆀびῼࢸ࣭ࢰ࡛ࡊ࡙ᚋࡼࡿࡒểᗃ⾪ᒒ㒂ࡡ∸⌦ᵋ㏸ࢸ࣭ࢰࡡࡱ࡛ࡴࢅᐁ᪃ (2) ༞ᴗびῼ࡚ᚋࡼࡿࡒ 270MHz ᆀ୯᥀ᰕ࣭ࣝࢱࡡ⥽㞗షᴏࢅ⤽⤾ᐁ᪃ (3)㞯ểムᩩࡡ∸⌦ゆᯊ࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉ࣏ࢠࣞἴㄇ㞹⋙ࢷࣤࢮࣜࡡ㏻⤾゛ῼࠉ⤎ᬏ㞗ྙ⤄⧂゛ῼࠉ㹍⥲ࣄ࣭ ࣑ࢅ⏕࠷ࡒ㧏ฦゆ⬗ᐠᗐ゛ῼࠉこ࢛ࣤฦᯊࢅᐁ᪃ (4)༞ᴗびῼ࡚ᚋࡼࡿࡒ࣏ࢠࣞἴᨲᑏ゛ࢸ࣭ࢰࡡิฌ⌦࣬⥽㞗షᴏࢅᐁ᪃ (5) ểᗃ⾪ᒒ∸⌦ࣈࣞࢬࢪ࡛ࠉ㒂࡚ࡡẴἳᙟᠺࣈࣞࢬࢪ࡞࠾࠾ࡾ⩻ᐳషᴏࢅᐁ᪃ ᇱ┑◂✪㸝A㸞㸝ᾇአ㸞 ②♼⏛ ၤྍ ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯ᴗ㧏⦃ᗐᆀᇡ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ᳔⏍ን࡛⅛⣪ᚘ⎌ࡡゆ᪺ ◂✪㛣㸯ᖲᠺ 19ࠤ22 ᖳᗐ ᡜහ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽㸯ᮟᬓ හ⏛㞖ᕤ ᡜአ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽ᩐ㸯5 ྞ ⤊㈕㸯├⤊㈕ 2,300,000 ළ 㛣⤊㈕ 690,000 ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ᮇ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡚ࡢ࢙ࣜࢫ࣐ᓞ(࢜ࢻࢱᴗ)࠽ࡻࡦࢪࣁ࣭ࣜࣁࣜㅎᓞࢪࢴࣅࢵ࣊ࣜࢣࣤᓞ(ࢿ࣭ࣜ࢘ ᴗ)ࡡ㧏⦃ᗐᆀᇡ࡞࠽ࡄࡾểἑᚃ㏝࡞ఔ࠹᳔⏍ንࢅ୯ᚨ࡞ࠉᆀᙟࠉᆀ⾪㟻ࠉ⏍∸ኣᵕᛮࠉ⅛⣪ᚘ⎌ 㐛⛤ࢅㄢᰕࠉびῼࡊࠉẴುῺᬦ࡞ࡻࡾ⏍ឺ⣌ንິࡡᙫ㡢ビ౮࡞㛭ࢂࡾࢸ࣭ࢰࠉ㈠ᩩࢅཱིᚋࡊࠉࢵࣤ ࢺࣚ⏍ឺ⣌ࡡንິẴುࢨࢪࢷ࣑࡞࠻ࡾᙫ㡢ࢅῼࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡊࡒࠊᴗ㝛ᇡ⏍ឺ⣌㛭ࢂ ࡾࡆࡿࡼࡡၡ㢗ⅤࢅゆỬࡌࡾࡒࡴ࡞ࠉ᪡࡞᳔⏍ንࡡ┐ち༇ᇡ㸝ࣛࣆࣝࣤࢪࢦࢹ㸞ࢅ㐽ᏽࡊࠉ ᆀᙟᅒࠉ᳔⏍ᅒࠉ⏍∸ฦᕱᅒࡡషᠺࢅ┘ᵾ࡞ࠉ⯗✭ᶭ࡞ࡻࡾ✭୯┷᧔ᙫࢅ⾔࠷ࠉᆀ୕びῼࢅᏰࡌ ࡾࠊ ◂✪ᐁ⦴ ᮇㄚ㢗࡚ࡢࢿ࣭ࣜ࢘ᴗཀྵࡦ࢜ࢻࢱᴗࡡ㧏⦃ᗐᆀᇡ࡞࠽ࡄࡾểἑᚃ㏝࡞ఔ࠹᳔⏍ንࢅ୯ᚨ࡞ࠉ Ẵುࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࡡንິࢵࣤࢺࣚ⏍ឺ⣌࡞࠻ࡾᙫ㡢ビ౮ࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡊ࡙ࡀࡒࠊࢿ࣭ࣜ࢘ᴗࡡࢪࣅࢴ ࢵ࣊ࣜࢣࣤᓞ࡚ࡢ᭩⤂ᖳᗐࡢ 2010 ᖳ 7 ᭮ࠉ⛸Ꮔ᳔∸ࠉ⹂ⱇ㢦ࠉᆀ⾨㢦ࠉⳞ㢦࡛ࡐࡿࡑࡿࡡ⅛⣪ᚘ⎌➴ ⏍⌦⏍ឺⓏ≁ᛮ⎌ሾ࡛࠹㛭ࢂࡾ࠾࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ㄢᰕࠉ࡛ࡂ࡞Ⳟ㢦ࡡ⏍ឺ⣌࡞࠽ࡄࡾᙲ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡢࠉ ⣑ 60 ࡞ཀྵࡩㄢᰕࢅᒈ㛜ࡊࡒࠊᴗࡡểἑᚃ㏝ᇡ࡚ࡢ㐼⛛ࡡ㐅⾔࡞ఔ࠹ን࡛ࠉῺᬦ࡞ࡻࡾ⎌ሾን ྜྷ࡞㐅⾔ࡊ࡙࠽ࡽࠉ⅛⣪ᚘ⎌ᶭ⬗ࡢࡐࡡ୦᪁ࡡᙫ㡢ୖ࡞࠵ࡾࠊ๑⩽ࡢ࣓࣭ࣛࢹࢬࣤࢨࣤࢡᡥἪ ࡛㐼⛛࡞Ἒࡖࡒ⌟ᆀㄢᰕࠉᚃ⩽ࡢ࣓ࢸࣜゆᯊ࡞ࡻࡖ࡙◂✪ࢅ㐅ࡴ࡙ࡀࡒࠊࡆࡿ࡞ࡻࡽࠉ⅛⣪ࡡ✒㔖 ࡷᨲฝ㔖ࡡ⤊ⓏንິࡷࠉῺᬦ࡞ࡻࡾᶭ⬗ን࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡡሒᚋࡼࡿࠉ㝛୕⏍ឺ⣌ࡡᶭ⬗ ንẴು⎌ሾ࡞ࡵࡒࡼࡌࣆ࣭ࢺࣁࢴࢠ࡞㛭ࡌࡾ⌦ゆᚋࡼࡿࡒࠊୌ᪁ࠉ࢜ࢻࢱᴗࡢ᳔⏍ࡡ⥲Ⓩ ᗀࡽࢅびῼࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅち㔕࡞ථࡿ࡙ࠉ᳔⏍⦃ᗐࡡ␏ࡖࡒ⎌ሾ࡚࠹ንິࡌࡾ࠾ࢅ▩ࡾࡒࡴ࡞ࠉ ᴗ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ㧏⦃ᗐ࠾ࡼ⦃ᗐ࡞⮫ࡾࡱ࡚ࡡᆀᇡࢅᑊ㇗࡞ࠉㄢᰕ㐅ࡴࡼࡿࡒࠊ᭩⤂ᖳᗐࡢ 8 ᭮ࠉ ᴗ࢜ࢻࢱࠉࢤ࣭࢛࣭ࣤࣛࢪᓞࣝࢯ࣭ࣛࣖࢹ࡚⎌ሾ᳔࡛⏍࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ㄢᰕࡊࡒࠊᑚᓞ࡚࠵ࡽࡼᇱᆀ ࿔㎮࡞ࡢず⹂ⱇ㢦⩄ⴘᗀࡾᆀᇡኣᩐࠉヾࡴࡼࡿࡒࠊࡆࡡᓞࡢ㧏⦃ᗐᆀᇡࡡ⯗✭ᣈⅤ࠵ࡾ࠷ Ѹ 106Ѹ ― 111 ― ࡢ๑㐅ᇱᆀ࡛ࡊ࡙న⨠ࡘࡄࡼࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࡒࡴࠉ⮤↓⎌ሾ࡛ࡢ࠷ࡂࡼ࠾␏ࡖࡒெⅥⓏᤴỀࠉᗣᲘ∸➴ ࡞ࡻࡾᐣᰜ㣬ࡡᙫ㡢㐅ࢆ࡚࠷ࡾ࡛࠷࠹⮾࠷▩ずᚋࡼࡿࡒࠊ ③ ⱝᶖ ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯➠ᄿ⣎ᚃࡡ᮶༞ᴗểᗃንິྍࡡᚗඔ࡛ᆀ⌣⎌ሾንິࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࡡゆ᪺ ◂✪㛣㸯ᖲᠺ 21ࠤ25 ᖳᗐ ᡜහ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽㸯Ⳛ ዚ㔕ῗୌ ᕖᮟ㈴ ኬᒷ᰷ᑠ ᡜአ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽ᩐ㸯0 ྞ ⤊㈕㸯├⤊㈕ 500,000 ළ 㛣⤊㈕ 150,000 ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ᮇ◂✪࡚ࡢࠉ⣑ 10 ᖳ๑௧㜾ࡡࠔ᭩⤂ể-ᚃểࠕ࠽ࡻࡦ⣑ 100ࠤ80 ᖳ๑ࡡࠔ୯-ᚃ᭞᩺ୠࠕ ࡛࠷࠹ᆀ⌣⎌ሾኬࡀࡂንິࡊࡒ 2 ࡗࡡࢅࢰ࣭ࢣࢴࢹ࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉ༞ᴗࡡ㝛୕࡛ᾇᗇࡡ㔕አᆀᙟᆀ㈹ ㄢᰕ࡛ᇼ✒∸ࡡཱི࣬ゆᯊࢅ⾔࠷ࠉ᮶༞ᴗහ㝛㒂ࡡᒜᆀ࠾ࡼἚᓃ㒂ࡱ࡚ࡡ㝛୕⾪ᒒ⎌ሾንິ࡛⦍㎮ᾇ ᇡࡡᾇὊንິࡡ⣌าエ㘋ࢅྙࢂࡎ࡙⥪ྙⓏ࡞⩻ᐳࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࠉ(1)㐛ཡࡡ᮶༞ᴗểᗃንິࡊࡒ⠂ ᅑ࣬㧏ᗐ࡛ࡡỬᏽࠉ(2)᮶༞ᴗểᗃንິࡌࡾཋᅄࡡゆ᪺ࠉ(3)᮶༞ᴗểᗃንິ㝛୕㢴⎌ሾࠉᾇ Ὂ⎌ሾࡡንࢅ㏳ࡋ࡙ᆀ⌣ぜᶅࡡ⎌ሾ࡞࠻ࡒᙫ㡢ࡡビ౮ࠉ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙᳠ゞࡌࡾࠊ ◂✪ᐁ⦴ ᖲᠺ 22 ᖳᗐࡢ➠ 51 ḗ༞ᴗᆀᇡびῼ㝪ཱི࡚ࡊࡒࢬ࣭ࣜ࣬ࣞࣤࢱ࣭ࢾᒜᆀࡡᏫᏼ⥲↯ᑏᖳ⏕ᒷ┑ ムᩩ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉࢼ࣭ࣖࢩ࣭ࣚࣤࢺ࣬࢜ࣤࢰ࣭࣊ࣛኬᏕ࡞࠽࠷࡙▴ⱝࢅฝࡌࡾ๑ฌ⌦ࢅ⾔࠷ࠉࢼ࣭ࣖ ࢩ࣭ࣚࣤࢺᆀ㈹ᰶ⛁Ꮥ◂✪ᡜ࡞࠽࠷࡙ࠉ25 Ⅴࡡムᩩ㸝ᇱ┑ᒷ 8 Ⅴ࡛㏖Ꮔ▴ 17 Ⅴ㸞ࡡ࣑࣊ࣛࣛ 10 ࡡ ฦᯊࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊࢬ࣭ࣜ࣬ࣞࣤࢱ࣭ࢾᒜᆀ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ㔕አㄢᰕࡡ㢴ᗐビ౮ࡡ⤎ᯕ࠾ࡼࠉể㣏ࡈࡿࡒᆀᙟ 㟻ࡢཿ࠷᪁࠾ࡼ 4 ࡗࡡࢪࢷ࣭ࢩ㸝ࢪࢷ࣭ࢩ 1ࠉࢪࢷ࣭ࢩ 2ࠉࢪࢷ࣭ࢩ 3ࠉࢪࢷ࣭ࢩ 4㸞࡞ฦࡄࡾࡆ࡛ ࡚ࡀࡒࠊᆀᙟ㟻ࡡ༇ฦ࡛Ꮻᏼ⥲↯ᑏᖳῼᏽࡡ⤎ᯕࢅྙࢂࡎࡾ࡛ࠉ⌟ểᗃ࠾ࡼࡡẒ㧏 400-700m ࡞ న⨠ࡌࡾ᭩ࡵཿ࠷ᆀᙟ㟻ࡡࢪࢷ࣭ࢩ 4 ࡢࠉ⣑ 200-130 ᖳ๑ࠉ⌟ểᗃ࡛ࡡẒ㧏 100-300m ࡞న⨠ࡌࡾ ࢪࢷ࣭ࢩ 3 ࡢࠉ⣑ 100-18 ᖳ๑ࠉ⌟ểᗃ࡛ࡡẒ㧏 100m ௧ୖࡡᆀᙟ㟻࡚࠵ࡾࢪࢷ࣭ࢩ 2 ࡛㸦ࡢࠉ10 ᖳ๑௧㜾࡞ࡐࡿࡑࡿểᗃ࠾ࡼゆᨲࡈࡿࡒࡆ࡛᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡖࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉ᭩⤂㛣ể௧㜾ࡡ࣓࣭ࣝࣤ ࡡา࠾ࡼᚋࡼࡿࡒ⾪㟻↯ᑏᖳࡢࠉ㓗⣪ྜྷనమࢪࢷ࣭ࢩࡡ 5ࠉ3ࠉ1 ࡡẒ㍉ⓏῺᬦல㛣ểࡡ࡞ 㞗୯ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࡆ࡛᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡖࡒࠊࡆࡿࡼࡡ⤎ᯕࡢࠉᮇ◂✪ࡡ 3 ࡗࡡ┘Ⓩࡡ࠹ࡔࡡࠉ(1)㐛ཡࡡ᮶༞ ᴗểᗃንິࡊࡒ⠂ᅑ࣬㧏ᗐ࡛ࡡỬᏽࠉ(2)᮶༞ᴗểᗃንິࡌࡾཋᅄࡡゆ᪺ࠉ࡞ᑊࡊ࡙├Ⓩ ࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ࠻ࡾࠊࡱࡒࠉ⣑ 100 ᖳ๑ࡡ mid-Pleistocene transition ࢅሾ࡞ểᗃ㧏ᗐ᛬⃥࡞ୖࡊ࡙࠷ ࡾᐁࡷ㛣ể࣬ல㛣ể࡞࣓࣭ࣝࣤᙟᠺࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾ࡛࠷࠹ᐁࡢࠉ┘Ⓩࡡࡥ࡛ࡗ࡚࠵ࡾ(3)᮶༞ᴗ ểᗃንິ㝛୕㢴⎌ሾࠉᾇὊ⎌ሾࡡንࢅ㏳ࡋ࡙ᆀ⌣ぜᶅࡡ⎌ሾ࡞࠻ࡒᙫ㡢ࡡビ౮ࠉ࡞ᑊࡊ࡙⩻ ᐳࡌࡾ୕࡚㔔こሒࢅᥞ౩ࡌࡾࡵࡡ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ ⱝᶖ㸝21 ᖳᗐ⧖ࡽ㉲ࡊฦ㸞 ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯➠ᄿ⣎ᚃࡡ᮶༞ᴗểᗃንິྍࡡᚗඔ࡛ᆀ⌣⎌ሾንິࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࡡゆ᪺ ◂✪㛣㸯ᖲᠺ 21~25 ᖳᗐ ᡜහ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽㸯Ⳛ ዚ㔕ῗୌ ᕖᮟ㈴ ᡜአ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽ᩐ㸯0 ྞ Ѹ 107Ѹ ― 112 ― ⤊㈕㸯├⤊㈕ 15,700,000 ළ 㛣⤊㈕ 4,710,000 ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ➠ᄿ⣎࡞࠽ࡄࡾ༞ᴗኬ㝛࠽ࡻࡦ࿔㎮ᾇᇡࡡểᗃࠉᲬểࠉᾇểࡡᣉኬ࣬⦨ᑚࡢࠉࡐࡡ⿍さ㟻✒ࡷᾇὊ ࡡῈỀὮථࡡቌ΅ࢅ㏳ࡋ࡙ࠉࣜ࣊ࢺࠉ㝛୕㟚ᒷࡡ㢴࣬㣏㔖ࠉᾇỀ‵ࠉᾇὊ⇍ሲᚘ⎌ࡡᵋ㏸ࠉ ᾇὊ⏍∸⏍⏐㔖ࡡንࢅࡵࡒࡼࡊࠉᆀ⌣୕ࡡ࢙ࢾ࣭ࣜ࢟ฦ㒼ࠉῺᐄຝᯕ࢝ࢪࢅྱࡳኬẴ⤄ᠺ࣬∸ ㈹ᚘ⎌࡞ኬࡀᙫ㡢ࢅ࠻ࡒࡆ࡛ࡈࡿࡾࠊࡊ࠾ࡊࠉ㔕አㄢᰕᅏ㞬࡚࠵ࡾࡒࡴࠉ༖⌣ểᗃ࡞ Ẓ࡙༞ᴗểᗃ࡛࿔㎮ᾇᇡࡡ➠ᄿ⣎ࡡንິࡡṌྍࡢ༎ฦ࡞᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡈࡿ࡙࠽ࡼࡍࠉᆀ⌣ධమࡡ⎌ሾን ິࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࢅ⌦ゆࡌࡾ୕࡚ኬࡀၡ㢗࡛ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ≁࡞ࠉ᮶༞ᴗểᗃࡢࠉᾇỀ‵ንິ࡞ᙫ㡢ࡈࡿ ࠷༞༖⌣㧏⦃ᗐࡡ㝛୕࡞న⨠ࡌࡾᕠኬểᗃ࡚࠵ࡾࡒࡴࠉ༖⌣మ࡚☔❟ࡈࡿࡒể-㛣ểࢦࢠࣜ ࢅ⾪࡛ࡌࡾᆀ⌣ࡡẴುንິࢦࢠࣜࡡᖏㆉ࡞ཬࡌࡾᣪິࢅ♟ࡊ࡙ࡀࡒྊ⬗ᛮ࠵ࡾࠊᮇ◂✪࡚ࡢࠉ ⣑ 10 ᖳ๑௧㜾ࡡࠔ᭩⤂ể-ᚃểࠕ࠽ࡻࡦ⣑ 100ࠤ80 ᖳ๑ࡡࠔ୯-ᚃ᭞᩺ୠࠕ࡛࠷࠹ᆀ⌣⎌ ሾኬࡀࡂንິࡊࡒ 2 ࡗࡡࢅࢰ࣭ࢣࢴࢹ࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉ༞ᴗࡡ㝛୕࡛ᾇᗇࡡ㔕አᆀᙟᆀ㈹ㄢᰕ࡛ᇼ✒∸ ࡡཱི࣬ゆᯊࢅ⾔࠷ࠉ᮶༞ᴗහ㝛㒂ࡡᒜᆀ࠾ࡼἚᓃ㒂ࡱ࡚ࡡ㝛୕⾪ᒒ⎌ሾንິ࡛⦍㎮ᾇᇡࡡᾇὊንິ ࡡ⣌าエ㘋ࢅྙࢂࡎ࡙⥪ྙⓏ࡞⩻ᐳࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࠉ(1)㐛ཡࡡ᮶༞ᴗểᗃንິࡊࡒ⠂ᅑ࣬㧏ᗐ࡛ ࡡỬᏽࠉ(2)᮶༞ᴗểᗃንິࡌࡾཋᅄࡡゆ᪺ࠉ(3)᮶༞ᴗểᗃንິ㝛୕㢴⎌ሾࠉᾇὊ⎌ሾࡡንࢅ ㏳ࡋ࡙ᆀ⌣ぜᶅࡡ⎌ሾ࡞࠻ࡒᙫ㡢ࡡビ౮ࠉ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙᳠ゞࡌࡾࠊࡆࡡ⤎ᯕ࡞ᇱࡘࡀࠉ◂✪ࡡ✭Ⓣᇡ࡚ ࠵ࡾ᮶༞ᴗểᗃ࡛༞ᴗᾇ➠ᄿ⣎ࡡᆀ⌣⎌ሾንິ࡞ᯕࡒࡊࡒᙲࢅ᪺☔࡞ࡊࠉḿ☔ᆀ⌣⎌ሾንິࢨ ࢪࢷ࣑ࢅ⌦ゆࡊࠉᑑᮮࡡᆀ⌣⎌ሾንິῼ࡞㈁⊡ࡌࡾࢸ࣭ࢰࢅᚋࡾࡆ࡛ᮇ◂✪ࡡ㐡┘ᵾ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ ◂✪ᐁ⦴ ᖲᠺ 21 ᖳᗐࡢ➠ 51 ḗ༞ᴗᆀᇡびῼ㝪࡞ཤຊࡊࠉࢬ࣭ࣜ࣬ࣞࣤࢱ࣭ࢾᒜᆀࡡᆀᙟᆀ㈹ᏕⓏ㔕አㄢᰕ ࡛Ꮻᏼ⥲↯ᑏᖳ⏕ᒷ┑ムᩩࢅཱིࡊࡒࠊࢬ࣭ࣜ࣬ࣞࣤࢱ࣭ࢾᒜᆀ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ㔕አㄢᰕࡡ㢴ᗐビ౮ࡡ ⤎ᯕ࠾ࡼࠉể㣏ࡈࡿࡒᆀᙟ㟻ࡢཿ࠷᪁࠾ࡼ 4 ࡗࡡࢪࢷ࣭ࢩ㸝ࢪࢷ࣭ࢩ 1ࠉࢪࢷ࣭ࢩ 2ࠉࢪࢷ࣭ࢩ 3ࠉࢪ ࢷ࣭ࢩ 4㸞࡞ฦࡄࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࡀࡒࠊཱིࡊࡒムᩩࡢࠉࢼ࣭ࣖࢩ࣭ࣚࣤࢺ࣬࢜ࣤࢰ࣭࣊ࣛኬᏕ࡞࠽࠷࡙ ▴ⱝࢅฝࡌࡾ๑ฌ⌦᪁Ἢࡡィ⦆ࢅུࡄࡒ୕࡚▴ⱝࡡฝࢅ⾔࠷ࠉࢼ࣭ࣖࢩ࣭ࣚࣤࢺᆀ㈹ᰶ⛁Ꮥ◂✪ ᡜ࡞࠽࠷࡙ࠉ࣑࣊ࣛࣛ 10 ࡛࣐ࣜࢼ࣑ 26 ࡡฦᯊࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊࡆࡡ࠹ࡔࠉ࣐ࣜࢼ࣑ 26 ࡡฦᯊࡢ ๑ฌ⌦୯ࡡ⣟∸ࡡΊථࡡྊ⬗ᛮ࠵ࡽᖳࢅᚋࡾࡆ࡛ࡢ࡚ࡀ࠾ࡖࡒࠉ࣑࣊ࣛࣛ 10 ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡢࠉ ⣑ 200 ᖳ๑࠾ࡼ⣑ᩐ༐ᖳ๑ࡱ࡚ࡡ㟚ฝᖳᚋࡼࡿࡒࠊᚃࠉ▴ⱝฝࡡࡒࡴࡡ๑ฌ⌦ᢇ⾙࡞ࡗ࠷ ්࡙᳠ゞࢅ⾔ࡖࡒ୕࡚࣐ࣜࢼ࣑ 26 ࡡฦᯊࢅ⾔࠹ࡆ࡛࡚ࠉࡆࡿࡱ࡚࡞ᚋࡼࡿࡒ࣑࣊ࣛࣛ 10 ࡡฦ ᯊೋ࡛ྙࢂࡎ࡙ࠉࡻࡽḿ☔㟚ฝᖳࡷ㣏㏷ᗐ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙⩻ᐳࢅ⾔࠷ࠉᮇ◂✪ࡡ┘Ⓩ࡚࠵ࡾࠉ(1)㐛ཡ ࡡ᮶༞ᴗểᗃንິࡊࡒ⠂ᅑ࣬㧏ᗐ࡛ࡡỬᏽࠉ(2)᮶༞ᴗểᗃንິࡌࡾཋᅄࡡゆ᪺ࠉ (3)᮶༞ᴗ ểᗃንິ㝛୕㢴⎌ሾࠉᾇὊ⎌ሾࡡንࢅ㏳ࡋ࡙ᆀ⌣ぜᶅࡡ⎌ሾ࡞࠻ࡒᙫ㡢ࡡビ౮ࠉ࡞ᑊࡊ࡙⩻ ᐳࡊ࡙⾔ࡂᏽ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ ᇱ┑◂✪㸝B㸞㸝ୌ⯙㸞 ①ᮇ ┷ྒྷ ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯⅛⣪࣬Ề⣪ྜྷనమẒࢅ⏕࠷ࡒ࢜ࢻࢱலᴗᇡ࡞࠽ࡄࡾኬẴ୯࣒ࢰࣤࡡንິ࡞㛭ࡌࡾ◂✪ ◂✪㛣㸯ᖲᠺ 19ࠤ22 ᖳᗐ ᡜහ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽㸯ࡊ Ѹ 108Ѹ ― 113 ― ᡜአ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽ᩐ㸯0 ྞ ⤊㈕㸯├⤊㈕ 2,600,000 ළ 㛣⤊㈕ 780,000 ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ኬẴ୯ࡡ࣒ࢰࣤ㸝CH4㸞⃨ᗐࡢࠉ㓗⅛⣪㸝CO2㸞࡞ḗ࠷࡚㔔こῺᐄຝᯕẴమ࡛ࡊ࡙ࡐࡡິឺ Ἰ┘ࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡊ࠾ࡊࡼࠉCH4 ࡡᨲฝ″Ề⏛ࢅྱࡳᆀᇡ࡚ࡡ᭯ᶭ∸ࡡ᎒Ẵᛮฦゆࡷཬⰼິ ∸ࡡ⭘හⓆ㓕࠾ࡼࠉ▴⅛࣬ኮ↓࢝ࢪࡡᤸࠉࡐࡊ࡙ᯐ࣬ἶ⅛ℾⅇ࡞ࡱ࡚㟸ᖏ࡞ᗀ⠂ᅑ࡞ཀྵࡩࡆ࡛࠾ ࡼࠉびῼࡈࡿࡒኬẴ୯ CH4 ࡡ⃨ᗐንິࡡࡲ࠾ࡼࡐࡡንິཋᅄࢅゆ㔐ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࡢ㟸ᖏ࡞ᅏ㞬࡚࠵ࡖࡒࠊ ᮇ◂✪࡚ࡢࠉ࢜ࢻࢱ⎌ሾ┤◂✪ᡜ࢜ࢻࢱலᴗᇡࡡࢲ࣭ࣔࢲࣜ㸝⦃ 59 ᗐࠉけ⤊ 94 ᗐ㸞࡚㐄࡞ 2 ᗐཱིࡌࡾኬẴムᩩࢅ⏕࠷࡙ࠉᅗ❟ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ࡛᮶ኬᏕ⌦Ꮥ◂✪⛁࡞࠽࠷࡙ CH4 ࡡ⅛⣪࣬Ề⣪ྜྷన మẒ㸝ț13C,țD㸞ࢅฦᯊࡊࠉ࢜ࢻࢱலᴗᇡ࡞࠽ࡄࡾț13C,țD ࡡᏒ⟿ን࣬⤊ᖳንലྡྷࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾ ࡞ࡌࡾࠊࡆࡡț13C,țD ⣌าࢸ࣭ࢰ࡛࢜ࢻࢱ⎌ሾ┤◂✪ᡜ࠾ࡼᥞ౩ࢅུࡄࡾ CH4 ⃨ᗐࢸ࣭ࢰࢅెࡎ ࡙ゆᯊࡊࠉびῼࡈࡿࡾ CH4 ⃨ᗐࡡንິ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ᨲฝ″ࡡᐞ࡛ࡐࡡንິࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࠊ ◂✪ᐁ⦴ ኬẴ୯ࡡ࣒ࢰ⃨ࣤᗐࡢࠉ⏐ᴏὩິ௧㜾ࡡெ㛣ὩິࡡὩⓆ࡞ࡻࡖ࡙᛬⃥࡞ቌຊࡊ࡙ࡀࡒࡆ࡛▩ࡼ ࡿ࡙࠽ࡽࠉ㓗⅛⣪࡞ḗ࠷࡚㔔こῺᐄຝᯕẴమ࡛ࡊ࡙ࡐࡡິឺἸ┘ࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡊ࠾ࡊࠉ࣒ࢰ ࣤࡡᨲฝ″᭯ᶭ∸ࡡ᎒Ẵᛮฦゆ࣬▴⇖ᩩ࣬ࣁ࢛࣏ࢪࣁ࣭ࢼࣤࢡ➴ኣᒪ࡞ࢂࡒࡾࡆ࡛࠾ࡼࠉኬẴ ୯࣒ࢰ⃨ࣤᗐࡡびῼࡡࡲ࠾ࡼࡐࡡንິཋᅄࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࡢᅏ㞬࡚࠵ࡖࡒࠊ࣒ࢰࣤࢅᵋᠺࡌࡾ⅛ ⣪࣬Ề⣪ࡡྜྷనమẒࡢࠉࡐࡿࡑࡿࡡ࣒ࢰࣤᨲฝ″ࡇ࡛࡞≁ᚡⓏೋࢅ♟ࡌࡒࡴ࡞ࠉ࣒ࢰ⃨ࣤᗐ࡛ྜྷన మẒࡡྜྷ㧏⢥ᗐびῼ࠾ࡼኬẴ୯ࡡ࣒ࢰ⃨ࣤᗐንິཋᅄ࡞㛭ࡌࡾሒࢅᚋࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࡀࡾࠊᮇ◂✪࡚ ࡢࠉ࣒ࢰࣤࡡᨲฝ″ࡡୌࡗ࡛ࡊ࡙㔔こᆀᇡࢅᚃ⫴ᆀ࡞ᣚࡗ࢜ࢻࢱலᴗᇡࡡ࣏ࢼࢹࣁᕗࢲ࣭ࣔࢲ ࣜ㸝⦃ 58 ᗐࠉけ⤊ 94 ᗐ㸞ཱི࡚ࡈࡿࡒኬẴムᩩࢅ⏕࠷࡙ࠉ࣒ࢰ⃨ࣤᗐ࡛ࡐࡡ⅛⣪࣬Ề⣪ྜྷనమẒ 㸝ț13CࠉțD㸞ࢅฦᯊࡊࠉ࢜ࢻࢱலᴗᇡ࡚ࡡț13CࠉțD ࡡୠ⏲࡚᭩ิࡡ⣌าࢸ࣭ࢰࢅᚋࡾ࡛භ࡞ࠉ ࡐࡡᏒ⟿ን࣬⤊ᖳንࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡊࠉኬẴ୯ࡡ࣒ࢰ⃨ࣤᗐንິཋᅄ࡞㛭ࡌࡾ▩ずࢅᚋࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘Ⓩ ࡛ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊᖳᗐࡵ࢜ࢻࢱ⎌ሾ┤◂✪ᡜ࡛ࡡࢲ࣭ࣔࢲ࡚ࣜࡡභྜྷびῼࢅ⤽⤾ᐁ᪃ࡊࠉ2007 ᖳ 4 ᭮௧ 㜾⌟ᅹࡱ࡚ࡡ࣒ࢰ⃨ࣤᗐࠉ࣒ࢰࣤࡡ⅛⣪࣬Ề⣪ྜྷనమẒ⣌าࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ✒ࡊࡒࠊびῼࡈࡿࡒ࣒ࢰࣤ ⃨ᗐ࡛⅛⣪࣬Ề⣪ྜྷనమẒࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ⏕࠷࡙ࠉ࣒ࢰࣤࠉ㈹㔖ᩐ 13 ࡡ⅛⣪ࢅྱࡳ࣒ࢰࣤ࠽ࡻࡦ㔔Ề⣪ࢅྱ ࡳ࣒ࢰࣤ࡞㛭ࡌࡾᨥᘟࢅゆࡂࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡽࠉびῼࡈࡿࡒ࣒ࢰ⃨ࣤᗐࡡᏒ⟿ን࡞࠽ࡄࡾᆀ㉫″࣒ࢰ ࣤࡡᐞ࡛ࡐࡡᏒ⟿ᛮ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡖࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉびῼ㛜ጙ௧㜾ࠉ࣒ࢰ⃨ࣤᗐࡡ୕࡛᪴⅛⣪࣬Ề⣪ྜྷన మẒࡡ΅ᑛびῼࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࡆ࡛࠾ࡼࠉࢲ࣭ࣔࢲ࡚ࣜびῼࡈࡿࡒ࣒ࢰ⃨ࣤᗐࡡ୕᪴࡞ࡢࠉᆀ㉫″ࡡ ࣒ࢰࣤᐞࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࡆ࡛♟ြࡈࡿࡒࠊ ②ላ 㞖ᇱ ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯Ὦ࢙᫅ࢤ࣭びῼ࡞ᇱࡘࡂᴗᇡ୯㛣ᅥ⏲㟻㡷ᇡࡡኬẴ㔔ງἴ≁ᛮࡡ◂✪ ◂✪㛣㸯ᖲᠺ 19ࠤ22 ᖳᗐ ᡜහ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽㸯ࡊ ᡜአ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽ᩐ㸯0 ྞ ⤊㈕㸯├⤊㈕ 1,000,000 ළ 㛣⤊㈕ 300,000 ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ Ѹ 109Ѹ ― 114 ― ኬẴ୯ࡡ㐘ິ㔖ࡷ࢙ࢾ࣭ࣜ࢟ࡡ㍲㏞࡞㔔こᙲࢅᯕࡒࡌኬẴἴິࡡୌࡗ࡚࠵ࡾኬẴ㔔ງἴࡡ⢥ᐠ びῼࡡࡒࡴ࡞ࡢࠉỀᖲ࠽ࡻࡦ㕼├ࡡ 3 ḗඔ㢴㏷ࢅ㧏࠷㛣㧏ᗐฦゆ⬗࡚びῼࡌࡾ࠾ࠉࡵࡊࡂࡢ᭨ᡥ ṹ࡛ࡊ࡙Ềᖲ 2 ḗඔ㢴㏷࡛ྜྷ࡞Ὼᗐࢅびῼࡌࡾࡆ࡛ᚪこ࡛ࡾࠊᠻࠍࡢὮ᫅ࡡ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭࢙ࢤ࣭࠾ ࡼ୯㛣ᅥ⏲㟻㡷ᇡࡡኬẴῺᗐንິࢅཱིࡽฝࡌᢇ⾙ࢅ㛜Ⓠ࣬ᨭⰃࡊࠉᑚᆵὮ࣭᫅ࣝࢱ࣭࡞ࡻࡾኬẴ㔔ງ ἴࡡゆᯊᡥἪࢅᐁ⏕ࡊࡒࠊᮇ◂✪࡚ࡢࠉࡆࡡ᩺ࡊ࠷ᡥἪ࡞ᇱࡘࡂびῼࢅࠉᴗᇡ࡛༞ᴗᇡ࡞ᒈ㛜ࡌ ࡾὮ࣭᫅ࣝࢱ࣭ࠉࡼࡦ࡞୦ᴗᇡࢅཱིࡽᕬ࠷࡙ᒈ㛜ࡌࡾ SuperDARN ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࢅฺ⏕ࡊ࡙⾔࠷ࠉᗀ࠷ ち㔕࠾ࡼᴗᇡ୯㛣ᅥ⏲㟻㡷ᇡࡡኬẴ㔔ງἴࡡ◂✪ࢅ⾔࠹ࡆ࡛ࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡌࡾࠊ ◂✪ᐁ⦴ Ḛࡡ3Ὦ࣭᫅ࣝࢱ࣭࡞࠽࠷࡙ࡢࠉࡈࡼ࡞びῼࢅ⤽⤾ࡊ࡙ࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ✒ࡊ࡙ᫎᖳᗐࡱ࡚ࡡ㔔ງἴࡡゆ ᯊࢅ⤽⤾ࡊࡒࠊὮ࣭᫅ࣝࢱ࣭࠾ࡼᚋࡼࡿࡾῺᗐሒࢅ࠷ࠉ୯㛣ᅥ⏲㟻㡷ᇡࡡ⫴ᬊῺᗐࡡᏒ⟿ንࢅ᥀ ࡽࠉኬẴᚘ⎌ࡷኬẴἴິ࡛ࡡ㛭㏻࡞ࡗ࠷࡙◂✪ᠺᯕࢅࡱ࡛ࡴࡒ[Dyrland et al., 2010]ࠊࡱࡒභྜྷ◂✪⩽࡛ ࡛ࡵ࡞ࠉὮ࣭᫅ࣝࢱ࣭࡞ࣞࢢࢴࢹࡷEISCAT࣭ࣝࢱ࣭࡞ࡻࡾ㢴ࡷῺᗐࡡྜྷびῼࢅྙࢂࡎࡒ⥪ྙゆᯊࢅ ⾔࠷㹹ᠺᒒᅥ✲↓᪴Ὼ⌟㇗ࡡⓆ⏍࡞࠽ࡄࡾᴗᇡࡡᠺᒒᅥ࠾ࡼ⇍ᅥ㡷ᇡ࡞࠷ࡒࡾᗀ࠷㧏ᗐ㡷ᇡࡡງᏕ Ⓩࡗࡽ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ᚋࡼࡿࡒᠺᯕࢅࡱ࡛ࡴࡒ[Kurihara et al., 2010]ࠊ ༞ᴗᇡ࡞࠽࠷࡙ࡢࠉᇱᆀ࡞ኬᆵኬẴ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࢅシ⨠ࡊ࡙ิびῼࢅ㛜ጙࡊࡒࠊࡆࡡ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࡢᑊ Ὦᅥ࠾ࡼ⇍ᅥࡱ࡚ᗀ࠷㧏ᗐ㡷ᇡびῼྊ⬗ࡓࠉᮇ◂✪ㄚ㢗ࡡࢰ࣭ࢣࢴࢹ࡛ࡌࡾὮ࢙᫅ࢤ࣭びῼ࡞ࡵ ኬን㐲ࡊ࡙࠽ࡽࠉ㎾࠷ᑑᮮࡡὮ᫅びῼࡡࡒࡴࡡ‵ങࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊࡱࡒኬẴ㔔ງἴࡡ≁ᛮ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉ༞ᴗ Ⅴ࡞࠽ࡄࡾකᏕ⨠ࢅ⏕࠷ࡒゆᯊࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙Ꮢ⟿Ⓩᣲࡾ⯑࠷ࢅ᥀ࡽࡐࡡᠺᯕࢅࡱ࡛ࡴ࡙Ⓠ⾪ࡊࡒ [S.Suzuki, ᢖ✇୯]ࠊᇱᆀ࡞࠽࠷࡙ࡵࠉ୯㛣ᅥ⏲㟻㡷ᇡࡡᣲࡾ⯑࠷ࢅ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭࡛කᏕ⨠ࢅె⏕ࡊ ࡙びῼࡊࠉ࢛࣭ࣞࣚࡡ୯ᛮኬẴ࡞࠻ࡾᙫ㡢࡞ࡗ࠷࡙⩻ᐳࡊࡐࡡᠺᯕࢅⓆ⾪ࡊࡒ[H.Suzuki et al., Ann. Geo., 2010]ࠊࡈࡼ࡞ᇱᆀ୕✭ࡡ୯㛣ᅥ⏲㟻㡷ᇡῺᗐࡡᏒ⟿Ⓩᣲࡾ⯑࠷࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡵᠺᯕࢅࡱ࡛ࡴࡒ [H.Suzuki etal., Earth Planets Space, 2010]ࠊ ③㧏ᶣ ࿔ ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯༞ᴗᾇ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤ㢦ࡡ㛏⏍ឺንິ࣒࢜ࢼࢫ࣑ࡡゆ᪺ ◂✪㛣㸯ᖲᠺ 20ࠤ23 ᖳᗐ ᡜහ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽㸯㣜⏛㧏ኬ ᡜአ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽ᩐ㸯0 ྞ ⤊㈕㸯├⤊㈕ 4,400,000 ළ 㛣⤊㈕ 1,320,000 ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ༞ᴗᾇ⏍ឺ⣌ࡡこᵋᠺ⛸࡚࠵ࡾ࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤ㢦࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉᾇὊ⎌ሾࡡንິ࡞ࡻࡽ㛏Ⓩమᩐ࣬⏍ ឺࡡንິ⏍ࡋࡾ࣒࢜ࢼࢫ࣑ࢅゆ᪺ࡌࡾࠊරమⓏ࡞ࡢࠉ1)᭩᩺ࡡິ∸╌ᆵエ㘋゛࡞ࡻࡾ㔕አㄢᰕ࡛ ⾠᫅࡞ࡻࡾ⎌ሾࢸ࣭ࢰゆᯊࢅྙࢂࡎ࡙ࠉ࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤࡡ㣭࣬⦶Ṣ࡞࡛ࡖ࡙㔔こᾇὊ⎌ሾ≁ᛮࢅ≁ᏽࡌ ࡾࠊ࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤࡡమᩐലྡྷ␏ࡾけ༞ᴗᆀᇡ࡛᮶༞ᴗᆀᇡ࡚㔕አㄢᰕࢅ⾔࠷ࠉᆀᇡ㛣ࡡẒ㍉ࢅ⾔࠹ࠊ 2)ᾇὊ⎌ሾࡡ㐛ཡࡡንࢅ⾠᫅ࢸ࣭ࢰ࠾ࡼ්ᵋ⠇ࡊࠉᇱᆀ࡚ࡡ࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤࡡమᩐንິ࡛ࡡᑊᚺ㛭 ౿ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࠊ3)ᾇὊ⎌ሾࡡን࡛࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤࡡమᩐࡷ⏍ឺࡡንິ࡛ࡡ㛭౿ࢅ⾪ࡌ࣓ࢸࣜࢅᵋ⠇ ࡊࠉ⎌ሾንິ࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤ࡞࠻ࡾᙫ㡢ࡡᑑᮮῼ࡞ᙲ❟࡙ࡾࠊ ◂✪ᐁ⦴ ᮇ◂✪ࡢࠉ༞ᴗᾇᾇὊ⏍ឺ⣌ࡡこᵋᠺ⛸࡚࠵ࡾ࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤ㢦࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉᾇὊ⎌ሾࡡንິ࡞ࡻࡽ㛏 Ѹ 110Ѹ ― 115 ― Ⓩమᩐ࣬⏍ឺࡡንິ⏍ࡋࡾ࣒࢜ࢼࢫ࣑ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊරమⓏ࡞ࡢࠉ࣋ ࣤ࢟ࣤ㢦ࡡ㣭࣬⦶Ṣ࡞࡛ࡖ࡙㔔こᾇὊ⎌ሾ≁ᛮࢅࠉ㎾ᖳࡡమᩐലྡྷ␏ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾけ༞ᴗᆀᇡ ࡛᮶༞ᴗᆀᇡࡡ୦᪁࡚ㄢᰕࡊẒ㍉ࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࠉᆀᇡⓏᾇὊ⎌ሾࡡን࡛࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤࡡమᩐ࣬⏍ឺን ິ࡛ࡡ㛭౿ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾහᐖ࡛ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊᖳᗐࡢࠉ 㸝㸦㸞᮶༞ᴗᆀᇡ࡞࠵ࡾᮇ࣬ᇱᆀ࿔㎮ ࡚࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤ㢦ࡡ⾔ິ࣬⏍ឺ࡞㛭ࡌࡾ㔕አㄢᰕࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊGPS-ᗐࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭ࣞ࢝ࠉຊ㏷ᗐࢸ࣭ࢰࣞ࢝ ࣭ࠉ⏤ാ࣬ິ⏤ࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭ࣞ࢝ࢅࢸ࣭ࣛ࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤ࡞ཱིࡽࡄࠉ࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤࡡᾇ୕࡚ࡡ⛛ິ㌮㊟ࠉ㣭⎌ ሾ࡞㛭ࡌࡾ᩺ぜࢸ࣭ࢰࢅཱིᚋࡊࡒࠊᫎᖳᗐࡱ࡚ㄢᰕࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒけ༞ᴗᆀᇡ࡞Ẓᇱᆀ࿔㎮࡚ࡢᾇ ểࡡᐠᗐ㧏ࡂࠉ࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤࡡ⛛ິ⤊㊨ࡷ㣭ሔᡜᾇểฦᕱ࡞ࡻࡖ࡙ኬࡀᙫ㡢ࢅུࡄ࡙࠷ࡾࡆ࡛ ങⓏゆᯊ࠾ࡼ♟ြࡈࡿࡒࠊᇱᆀ࿔㎮࡞࠽ࡄࡾ࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤࡡᖳᗐࡡ⦶Ṣ≟Ἓࡢᝇ࠾ࡖࡒࡒࡴࠉ ᾇểࡡᐠᗐ࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤࡡ㣭ࡷ㣭⾔ິࢅ㏳ࡋ࡙⦶Ṣ࡞ᙫ㡢ࢅ࠻ࡒ࣒࢜ࢼࢫ࣑࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡡゆᯊࢅ㐅 ࡴ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ 㸝㸧㸞ᫎᖳᗐࡱ࡚ࡡㄢᰕ࡚ᚋࡼࡿࡒけ༞ᴗᆀᇡࡡ࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤࡡ㣭⾔ິࢸ࣭ࢰࢅゆᯊࡊࠉᠺᯕ Ⓠ⾪ࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊࡱࡍࠉ࢞ࣤࢡࢩ࣭ࣘࢩᓞ࡚⦶Ṣࡌࡾࣃࢣ࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤࠉࢩ࢘ࣤࢵ࣭࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤࡡ㢄࡞ຊ㏷ᗐ ࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭ࣞ࢝ࢅ╌ࡌࡾ᩺ぜᡥἪ࡞ࡻࡖ࡙࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤࡡᤍ㣏⾔ິࢅࡻࡽリ⣵࡞ᤂ࠻ࡼࡿࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ♟ࡊࠉ ࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤࡡ㣭࡛ᾇὊ⎌ሾ࡛ࡡ㛭㏻࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡡゆᯊ࡞࡛ࡖ࡙ኬࡀ㐅ᒈ࡛ࡾࡆ࡛ࢅሒ࿈ࡊࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉ ࢨࢡࢼ࣭ᓞ࡚⦶Ṣࡌࡾ࣋ࣤ࢟ࣤ㢦ࡡ⛛ິ㌮㊟࠾ࡼ㣭ࡡ㞗୯ࡌࡾ࢙ࣛࢅゆᯊࡊࡒ࡛ࡆࢀࠉࡆ࠹ࡊࡒ ࢙ࣛἚᓃᇡ࡞ᗀࡂⅤᅹࡊ࡙࠽ࡽࠉ⦶Ṣᆀ࿔㎮࡚ࣂࢴࢲ≟࡞ᗀࡂฦᕱࡌࡾ㣭⏍∸ࡡ౪Ꮛ♟ြࡈ ࡿࡾࡆ࡛ࢅሒ࿈ࡊࡒࠊ ④ᒜහ ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯ᑚᆵᠺᒒᅥኬẴࢦࣤࣈ࣭ࣚࢅ⏕࠷ࡒ༞ᴗᇡᠺᒒᅥ࡞࠽ࡄࡾῺᐄຝᯕẴమࡡንິࡡゆ᪺ ◂✪㛣㸯ᖲᠺ 21ࠤ24 ᖳᗐ ᡜහ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽㸯ᮇ┷ྒྷ ᡜአ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽ᩐ㸯0 ྞ ⤊㈕㸯├⤊㈕ 2,900,000 ළ 㛣⤊㈕ 870,000 ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ᮇ◂✪࡚ࡢࠉ༞ᴗᇡᠺᒒᅥ࡚ࡡῺᐄຝᯕẴమࡡฦᕱ࡛ንິࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࡒࡴ࡞ࠉ1998ࠉ2004ࠉ2008 ᖳ࡞ᘤࡀ⤾ࡀࠉ2012 ᖳ࡞༞ᴗᇱᆀ࡞࠽࠷࡙ᠺᒒᅥኬẴࡡ├ཱི࡞ࡻࡾῺᐄຝᯕẴమ⃨ᗐ࣬ྜྷన మẒࡡびῼࢅ⾔࠹ࠊࡱࡍࠉᠻࠍ≺⮤࡞㛜ⓆࡊࡒᑚᆵᠺᒒᅥኬẴࢠ࢛ࣚࢦࣤࣈ࣭ࣚࡡ㧏ᗐࢅ゛ࡽࠉ ࢦࣤࣈ࣭ࣚࡡಘ㢏ᛮ࣬Ꮽᏽᛮࢅྡྷ୕ࡈࡎࠉኬẴムᩩཱི㔖ཱི࣬ᩐࢅቌຊࡈࡎࡾࠊࡐࡊ࡙ࠉ2012 ᖳ 1 ᭮࡞ᇱᆀ࠾ࡼᑚᆵẴ⌣ࢅ⏕࠷࡙ᑚᆵࢠ࢛ࣚࢦࣤࣈ࣭ࣚࢅ㣍ᥥࡈࡎࠉ8 㧏ᗐࡡᠺᒒᅥኬẴࢅཱི ࡌࡾࠊཱིࡈࡿࡒኬẴムᩩࢅᅗහ࡚ฦᯊࡊࠉ㐛ཡࡡびῼࢸ࣭ࢰ࡛Ẓ㍉ࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡖ࡙ࠉ༞ᴗᇡᠺᒒ ᅥ࡚ࡡῺᐄຝᯕẴమንິ࡛㍲㏞㐛⛤ࡡንິ࡞㛭ࡌࡾ▩ずࢅᚋࡾࠊ ◂✪ᐁ⦴ ᮇ◂✪ࡢࠉ༞ᴗᇡᠺᒒᅥ࡚ࡡῺᐄຝᯕẴమࡡฦᕱ࡛ንິࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࡒࡴ࡞ࠉ2012 ᖳᗐ࡞༞ᴗ ᇱᆀ࡞࠽࠷࡙ᑚᆵᠺᒒᅥኬẴࢦࣤࣈ࣭ࣚࢅ⏕࠷ࡒᠺᒒᅥኬẴࡡ├ཱིᐁ㥺ࢅ⾔࠹ࡆ࡛ࠉࡐࡊ࡙ ཱིࡈࡿࡒኬẴムᩩࢅᅗහ࡚⢥ᐠ࡞ฦᯊࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡽࠉ༞ᴗᇡᠺᒒᅥ࡞࠽ࡄࡾῺᐄຝᯕẴమࡡฦᕱ࡛ ንິࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡌࡾࠊ ᮇࢦࣤࣈ࣭ࣚࡡムᩩᐖჹ୯࡞ಕᏋࡊࡒኬẴムᩩࡡ CO2 ⃨ᗐንࡊ࡙ࡊࡱ࠹ၡ㢗ࢅゆỬࡌࡾࡒࡴࠉ ᫎᖳᗐ࠾ࡼ⤽⤾ࡊ࡙ࠉムᩩᐖჹࡡහ㟻ฌ⌦ム㥺࡛ࡐࡡຝᯕࡡ☔ヾᐁ㥺ࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊࡐࡡ⤎ᯕࠉහ㟻ฌ Ѹ 111Ѹ ― 116 ― ⌦ࢅ⾔ࡖࡒୌ㒂ࡡムᩩᐖჹ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡢࠉCO2 ⃨ᗐ▩ࡡᵾ‵࢝ࢪࢅᑌථᚃ 3 ࣧ᭮⤊㐛ࡊ࡙ࡵ⃨ᗐን ࡢ࡛ࢆずࡼࡿ࠾ࡖࡒࠉ3 ࣧ᭮㛣ࡡムᩩಕᏋ࡞ࡻࡖ࡙+0.4ppmv ࡡ⃨ᗐቌຊ⏍ࡋࡾムᩩᐖჹࡵ Ꮛᅹࡊࡒࠊᘤࡀ⤾ࡀࠉムᩩᐖჹࡡහ㟻ฌ⌦᪁Ἢࡡ᳠ゞ࡛☔ヾム㥺ࢅ⤽⤾ࡌࡾᚪこ࠵ࡾࠊᫎᖳᗐ᩺ࡒ ࡞⿿షࡊࡒᑚᆵࢦࣤࣈ࣭ࣚࢅ⏕࠷࡙ᅸኬẴཱིᐁ㥺ࢅ⾔࠷ࠉ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡌࡾᠺᒒᅥ㧏ᗐ㸝20kmࠉ25km㸞 ࡞┞ᙔࡌࡾᅸኬẴムᩩࢅᵾ‵≟ឺ࡚ 4-6L ཱིྊ⬗࡚࠵ࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ☔ヾࡊࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉẴ⌣ᦒ㍍⏕ࢤࣤࢹ ࣭ࣞࣚ㸝ࣀ࣭ࢺ࢘㸞ࡡᇱᮇシ゛࣬⿿షᏰࡊࠉᇱᮇⓏິష☔ヾム㥺⤂ࡊࡒࠊࢤࣤࢹ࣭ࣞ ࣚ⏕ᇱᮇࢮࣆࢹ࢘ࡡ㛜Ⓠࡵ⤽⤾ᐁ᪃୯࡚࠵ࡾࠊ ⑤හ⏛ 㞖ᕤ ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯ᴗᅰቫᅥῺᬦ࡞ఔ࠹ᅰ⼝ゆ࡛ᅰቫ᚜⏍∸࡞ࡻࡾ▴⅛⣪ࡡฦゆಀ㐅࡞㛭ࡌࡾ◂✪ ◂✪㛣㸯ᖲᠺ 21ࠤ23 ᖳᗐ ᡜහ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽㸯ࡊ ᡜአ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽ᩐ㸯2 ྞ ⤊㈕㸯├⤊㈕ 3,100,000 ළ 㛣⤊㈕ 930,000 ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ᴗࢪࣁ࣭ࣜࣁࣜㅎᓞ࡚ࡢࠉᆀ㈹࡞⏍ᠺࡊࡒᅰቫ᭯ᶭ⅛⣪㸝௧ୖࠉ▴⅛⣪㸞ᅰ୯࡞ኬ㔖 ࡞✒ࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡆࡡࡻ࠹⎌ሾࡢࠉᴗ㧏⦃ᗐᇡᅰቫᅥ࡞࠽࠷࡙ୌ⯙Ⓩ࡚࠵ࡽࠉ᭩㎾᛬㏷࡞Ὼᬦ ࡡᙫ㡢ࢅུࡄࡗࡗ࠵ࡾࠊ≁࡞ᏒࡡẴῺ୕᪴ࡢࠉᅰᒒࡡᓻቪࢅᘤࡀ㉫ࡆࡊࠉᏒ࡞࠽ࡄࡾᅰቫ ྺ㔖ࡡቌຊ࡛࠷࠹ᙟ࡚⾪ࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࠊᮇ⏞ㄫㄚ㢗࡚ࡢࠉ⾔◂✪࡚ᚋࡼࡿࡒ᚜⏍∸࡞ࡻࡾ▴⅛⣪ࡡฦ ゆ࡞㛭ࡌࡾᏽᛮⓏチᣈࢅ㊻ࡱ࠻ࠉ▴⅛⣪ࡡฦゆ࡞ఔࡖ࡙ᨲฝࡈࡿࡾᅰቫྺࡡᏽ㔖ࢅ┘ᣞࡌࠊ ຊ࠻࡙ࠉ▴⅛⣪ࡡฦゆ࡞࠽ࡄࡾῺᗐ౪Ꮛᛮࡗ࠷࡙ࡵ᳠ゞࡊࠉῺᬦ࡞ఔ࠹ᅰ⼝ゆ࡛▴⅛⣪ฦゆ 㔖ࡡ㛏Ⓩንິ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡵ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘ᣞࡌࠊ ◂✪ᐁ⦴ ᴗࢪࣁ࣭ࣜࣁࣜㅎᓞ࡚ࡢࠉᆀ㈹࡞⏍ᠺࡊࡒᅰቫ᭯ᶭ⅛⣪㸝௧ୖࠉ▴⅛⣪㸞ᅰ୯࡞ኬ㔖 ࡞✒ࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡆࡡࡻ࠹⎌ሾࡢࠉᴗ㧏⦃ᗐᇡᅰቫᅥ࡞࠽࠷࡙ୌ⯙Ⓩ࡚࠵ࡽࠉ᭩㎾᛬㏷࡞Ὼᬦ ࡡᙫ㡢ࢅུࡄࡗࡗ࠵ࡾࠊ≁࡞ᏒࡡẴῺ୕᪴ࡢࠉᅰᒒࡡᓻቪࢅᘤࡀ㉫ࡆࡊࠉᏒ࡞࠽ࡄࡾᅰቫ ྺ㔖ࡡቌຊ࡛࠷࠹ᙟ࡚⾪ࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࠊᮇ⏞ㄫㄚ㢗࡚ࡢࠉ⾔◂✪࡚ᚋࡼࡿࡒ᚜⏍∸࡞ࡻࡾ▴⅛⣪ࡡฦ ゆ࡞㛭ࡌࡾᏽᛮⓏチᣈࢅ㊻ࡱ࠻ࠉ▴⅛⣪ࡡฦゆ࡞ఔࡖ࡙ᨲฝࡈࡿࡾᅰቫྺࡡᏽ㔖ࢅ┘ᣞࡌࠊ ຊ࠻࡙ࠉ▴⅛⣪ࡡฦゆ࡞࠽ࡄࡾῺᗐ౪Ꮛᛮ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡵ᳠ゞࡊࠉῺᬦ࡞ఔ࠹ᅰ⼝ゆ࡛▴⅛⣪ฦ ゆ㔖ࡡ㛏Ⓩንິ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡵ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘ᣞࡌࠊ ᮇᖳᗐࡢㇽ▴ࢅྱࡳᒒ࡛ࡐࡡ୕ᒒࡡ᚜⏍∸┞࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉࢠ࣭ࣞࣤࣚࣇ࣭ࣚࣛἪࢅ⏕࠷࡙リ⣵࡞ ㄢᰕࡊࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉ⎌ሾโᚒୖ࡞࠽࠷࡙ࠉᅰቫྺ࡞ࡻࡖ࡙ᨲฝࡈࡿࡒ㓗⅛⣪୯ࡡᨲᑏᛮ⅛⣪Ꮽᏽ ྜྷనమࢅῼᏽࡌࡾࡒࡴࡡ㓗⅛⣪ᅂࣚࣤࡡ㛜Ⓠ࠽ࡻࡦࡐࡡ᮪௲᳠ゞࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ᚜⏍∸┞ࡡㄢᰕ ࡚ࡢࠉ▴⅛⣪ࢅኣࡂྱࡳᒒ࡛ࡐ࠹࡚࠷ᒒ࡚ࡢࠉ᚜⏍∸┞ࡢኬࡀࡂ␏ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࡆ࡛᪺ࡼ࠾࡛ ࡖࡒࠊ⣑ 1.1 ᖳ๑ࡡㇽ▴ࢅྱࢆ࡚࠷ࡒ▴⅛⣪ࢅኣࡂྱࡳᒒࡡ┷ᰶ⏍∸࡚ࡢࠉ》⸬㢦ࡡ DNA ᳠ ฝࡈࡿࠉㇽ▴ྜྷᵕ࡞ࠉࡆࡡᒒ‵ࡢᾇᗇࠉࡵࡊࡂࡢᾇᓃ㎾ࡓࡖࡒࡆ࡛♟ြࡈࡿࡒࠊୌ᪁ࠉࣚࣤ 㛜Ⓠ࡚ࡢࠉషᠺࡊࡒࣚࣤ࡞ᇰ㣬ᅰቫ࠾ࡼᨲฝࡈࡿࡒ㓗⅛⣪ࢅ㏳ࡊࠉ࣓࣭ࣝ࢞ࣖࣚࢨ࣭ࣇ࡞ྺ╌ ࡈࡎࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࡀࡒࠊࡐࡡᚃ┷✭࡚ࣚࣤྺ╌ࡊࡒ㓗⅛⣪ࢅ⇍⬲╌ᅂࡊࡒ࡛ࡆࢀࠉᨲᑏᛮ⅛⣪ Ꮽᏽྜྷనమࡡῼᏽ࡞⪇࠻࠹ࡾ㓗⅛⣪㔖ࡡᅂ࡞ᠺຉࡊࡒࠊ Ѹ 112Ѹ ― 117 ― ⑥හ⸠ 㟱ᙢ ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯㣭⾔ິ゛ῼ࣬⏤ാሒ࡞ࡻࡾ࢞ࢰࢯࢧࣚࢨࡡ୯ᒒᅂ㐗⾔ິࡡ◂✪ ◂✪㛣㸯ᖲᠺ 21ࠤ23 ᖳᗐ ᡜහ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽㸯㧏ᶣ࿔ ῳ㎮బᇱ ᡜአ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽ᩐ㸯0 ྞ ⤊㈕㸯├⤊㈕ 500,000 ළ 㛣⤊㈕ 150,000 ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ㎾ᖳࡡࣁ࢛ࣞ࢟ࣤࢡᢇ⾙ࡡⓆᒈ࡞ࡻࡽᅂ㐗ິ∸ࡡ⛛ິ㌮㊟ࡷ㕼├ฺ⏕ࡢࠉḗ➠࡞᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡽࡗ ࡗ࠵ࡾࠊ࢞ࢰࢯࢧࣚࢨࡢࠉ᭩᩺ࡡ◂✪ᢇ⾙࡞ࡻࡽࡐࡡ㣭ᅂ㐗᭩ࡵࡻࡂㄢࡼࡿ࡙࠷ࡾິ∸࡚ ࠵ࡾࠊࡊ࠾ࡊࠉ㣭ᅂ㐗⾔ິ▩ࡼࡿ࡙࠷ࡾཬ㟻ࠉࡐࡡ㣭Ὡິࡢ├びᐳࡈࡿࡒࡆ࡛ࡢᮅࡓࡂᮅ ▩࡚࠵ࡾࠊᚉࡖ࡙ᅂ㐗⾔ິࡷ₧Ề⾔ິࡡࡻ࠹࡞Ửᏽࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾ࠾࡞ࡗ࠷࡙᪺࡚࠵ࡾࡊࠉᾇᇡࡡ ฺ⏕ࡵ᪺࡚࠵ࡾࠊᮇ◂✪ࡢࠉ1)ᮇ⛸ࡡᅂ㐗㛣୯ࡡධ㣭࢙࣊ࣤࢹࢅ㞗ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࠉ2㸞㣭ᗐࠉ 㣭న⨠ࠉỀῺࣈࣞࣆࣜࡡ⎌ሾሒࢅ㞗ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࠉ3)⏤ാエ㘋࡞ࡻࡽ㣭ິ∸ࡡሒࢅ㞗 ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࠉ4)ࡐࡿࡼࡡሒ࠾ࡼᮇ⛸ࡡ㣭⏍ឺࠉ㣭⎌ሾࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡊ࡙ᾇὊ୯ᒒ⏍ឺ⣌ࡡᇱ♇ゆ ᯊࢅ⾔࠹ࡆ࡛ࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡌࡾࠊ ◂✪ᐁ⦴ ᖲᠺ 22 ᖳᗐࡢࠉ௧ୖࡡ◂✪ᐁ㥺࡛ᠺᯕࡡୌ㒂ࡡ࡛ࡽࡱ࡛ࡴࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ 1㸞⌟ሔᐁ㥺ࡡ 2 ᖳᗐ┘࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉ๑ᖳᗐྜྷᵕ 2 ᭮࡞࢜ࣛࣆ࢚ࣜࢼኬᏕࡡ༝ງࢅᚋ࡙ࠉࢼࣘࢿ࢙࣍⦶ Ṣሔ࡞࠽࠷࡙ࠉ⦶Ṣ⤂ᚃࡡ㞜 5 㢄࡞㛏㢙㣭゛㸝Kami Kami loggerࠉ㛏㐗ὃࢪࢹ࣭ࣞࢠ゛ 5 ྋࠉᾇᆵິ∸╌࣒࢜ࣚ 1 ྋࠉࡈࡼ࡞ᅂ㐗㊨≁ᏽࡡࡒࡴࡡࣜࢥࢪ⾠᫅㏞ಘᶭ 5 ྋ㸝࢜ࣛࣆ࢚ࣜࢼ ኬᏕᐁ᪃㸞ࢅ╌ࡊࡒࠊࡐࡡᚃ 5 మࡡ㡨ㄢᅂ㐗⾠᫅ሒ࡚☔ヾࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ 2㸞ิᖳᗐ࡞╌ࡊࠉᖳᗐ 5 ᭮࡞ᅂࡈࡿࡒ 5 ྋࡡ㛏㣭゛ࡡゆᯊࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ㛏㣭エ㘋゛ࡢࠉ ㏳ࡽ࡞ࡆࡡࢧࣚࢨࡡ୯ᒒ࡚ࡡ㣭ࡡエ㘋ࢅ㘋ࡊࡒࠊୌ㒂ࢸ࣭ࢰࡡḖῼ࠵ࡖࡒࡵࡡࡡࠉ๑ మ 400-700m ࡡᒒ࡚ᩐᅂ࡞࠽ࡻࡩ㣭Ὡິࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࡆ࡛᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡖࡒࠊ㣭ಘྒࡢࠉ ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ᮇ⛸୯ᒒࡡ࢜ࣛࣆ࢚ࣜࢼኬᏕࡡ༝ງࢅᚋ࡙ࣀࢱ࢜࣠ࢨ㢦ࡡࡻ࠹ᑚᆵࡡ㣭ࢅࢦࢠࢨ ࣘࣤ࡞ࡻࡽኬ㔖࡞⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࡆ࡛᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡖࡒࠊ⤎ᯕࡢࠉ➠ 4 ᅂᅗ㝷ࣁ࢛ࣞ࢟ࣤࢡࢨࣤ࣎ࢩ ࣑࡞࠽࠷࡙Ⓠ⾪ࡊࡒࠊ ⑦୯ᮟ ༜ྒྷ ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯ࣚࢱ࣭ࢅὩ⏕ࡊࡒ୯ᒒ࣬㉰㧏ᒒኬẴ⤎ྙࡡ༝ྜྷびῼѸ Ὦᅥ⏲㟻ࡡゆ᪺࡞ྡྷࡄ࡙Ѹ ◂✪㛣㸯ᖲᠺ 21ࠤ23 ᖳᗐ ᡜහ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽㸯Ờᑶ ┤ ᡜአ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽ᩐ㸯2 ྞ ⤊㈕㸯├⤊㈕ 6,400,000 ළ 㛣⤊㈕ 1,920,000 ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ㉰㧏ᒒኬẴ࡛ୖᒒࡡኬẴ(୯ᒒኬẴ㸞ࡡ┞பష⏕࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉኬẴῺᗐ࣬ኬẴ⤄ᠺ࢛࣬ࣤ⤄ᠺࡡ ንິࢅびῼྊ⬗භ㫾ᩋࣚࢱ࣭びῼࢅ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࡷኬẴකびῼࠉ࢛ࢿࢯࣤࢸࡷࣞࢢࢴࢹࡡᆀ Ѹ 113Ѹ ― 118 ― ୕ཀྵࡦ㣍⩟మびῼ࡞ຊ࠻ࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࠉࡆࡿࡱ࡚びῼ࡚ࡀ࠾ࡖࡒ⛸ࠍࡡ∸⌦㐛⛤ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾ༝ྜྷび ῼ◂✪ࠊ⛸ࡡኬẴᏭᏽᵋ㏸(ࣤࢪࢰࣄࣛࢷ㸞ࠉࡐࡿ࡞ఔ࠹㕼├Ίྙ㐛⛤ࡷ࢛࣭ࣁ࣭ࢰ࣭ࢼࣤࢡࠉ ࢱࣇࣜࣅ࣭ࢠ⌟㇗ࠉࢪ࣎ࣚࢸࢴࢠᒒࠉࡆࡿࡱ࡚᩷∞Ⓩ࡞ずࡼࡿ࡙ࡀࡒ୯㛣ᅥ࠾ࡼ⇍ᅥ࡞࠾ࡄ࡙ ࡡㅎ⌟㇗࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉῺᗐࡷኬẴ⤄ᠺࡡ㧏ฦゆ⬗㕼├ࣈࣞࣆ࡛ࣜࡐࡡ㛣ንࡡᚋࡼࡿࡾࣚࢱ ࣭ࢅຊ࠻ࡒක࣬㞹ἴࡡ༝ྜྷびῼ࡚୯ᒒኬẴ࡛㉰㧏ᒒኬẴࡡ⤎ྙ㡷ᇡࢅリゆࡊࠉ ࠔὮᅥ⏲㟻ࡡㅞࠕࡡゆ ᪺ࡡᡥ࠾ࡽࢅ᥀ࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡌࡾࠊ ◂✪ᐁ⦴ ㉰㧏ᒒኬẴ࡛୯ᒒኬẴࡡ┞பష⏕ࡢࠉኬẴῺᗐ࣬ኬẴ⤄ᠺ࢛࣬ࣤ⤄ᠺࡡንິࢅびῼྊ⬗භ 㫾ᩋࣚࢱ࣭びῼࢅ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࡷኬẴකびῼࠉ࢛ࢿࢯࣤࢸࡷࣞࢢࢴࢹࡡᆀ୕ཀྵࡦ㣍⩟మびῼ࡞ ຊ࠻ࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࠉࡆࡿࡱ࡚びῼ࡚ࡀ࠾ࡖࡒ⛸ࠍࡡ∸⌦㐛⛤ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞࡚ࡀࡾ࡛ᙽࡈࡿࡾࠊᮇㄚ㢗࡚ ࡢࠉ୯ᒒኬẴ࡛㉰㧏ᒒኬẴࡡ⤎ྙ㡷ᇡ࡚㉫ࡆࡾࠉኬẴᏭᏽᵋ㏸࡛ࡐࡿ࡞ఔ࠹㕼├Ίྙ㐛⛤ࡷ࢛࣭ࣁ ࣭ࢰ࣭ࢼࣤࢡࠉࢱࣇࣜࣅ࣭ࢠ⌟㇗ࠉࢪ࣎ࣚࢸࢴࢠᒒࠉࡆࡿࡱ࡚᩷∞Ⓩ࡞ずࡼࡿ࡙ࡀࡒㅎ⌟㇗࡞ ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉࣚࢱ࣭ࢅຊ࠻ࡒක࣬㞹ἴࡡ༝ྜྷびῼ࡚リゆࡊࠉὮᅥ⏲㟻ࡡゆ᪺ࡡᡥ࠾ࡽࢅ᥀ࡾࢅ┘ Ⓩ࡛ࡌࡾࠊ 㸦㸞༝ྜྷびῼࢸ࣭ࢰࡡゆᯊ ๑ᖳ࡞⤾࠷࡙ࡆࡿࡱ࡚ࡡᆀࡡびῼࢸ࣭ࢰࡡゆᯊࢅ㐅ࡴࡒࠊኬẴ㔔ງἴ ࡡ࣊ࣤࢹࡡリ⣵ゆᯊࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠉኬẴක࣒࣭ࢩࣤࢡびῼ࡞ずࡼࡿࡾࣛࢴࣈࣜᵋ㏸࡛ࣚࢱ࣭びῼ ࡞ࡻࡾኬẴᏭᏽᗐࡡẒ㍉᳠ゞࢅ㐅ࡴࠉࡐࡡ┞㛭࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࣚࢱ࣭࡞ࡻࡾ∸⌦ࣂ࣒࣭ࣚࢰࡡ㧏ᗐ໖㒼ゆ ᯊἪࡡᙫ㡢ࡷ㓗⣪ཋᏄࡡ㧏ᗐ໖㒼ࡡᙫ㡢ࢅᣞᦤࡊࡒࠊࡱࡒὮ᫅⩄࡞ࡻࡾ Na ኬẴ⤄ᠺࡡንິࡡᙫ㡢࡛ ࡂ࡞ᏽᩐࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡊࡒࠊ 㸧㸞ྊᦑᆵࣚࢱ࣭ࡡ㛜Ⓠ 㞹㞫ኬẴ࡛୯ᛮኬẴࡡ┞பష⏕ࡡびῼ࡞Ⅴࢅ࠵࡙ࠉⰅ⣪࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࢅ⏕ + ࠷ࡒ Ca ࢛ࣤࢅ゛ῼࡌࡾྊᦑᆵࡡࣚࢱ࣭ࡡᩒങࢅ㐅ࡴࠉ๑ᖳᗐᑙථࡊࡒࢤࣤࢷࢻࣚ࣍ࢅࣈࣚࢴࢹ ࣆ࢚࣭࣑ࡊ࡙ム㥺ㄢᩒࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊࡱࡒᅖమ࣭ࣝࢧ࣭ࡡ㛜Ⓠࡵ㐅ࡴࠉኣ⛸ࡡ⤄ᠺびῼྊ⬗ἴ㛏ྊ ን࣭ࣝࢧ࣭ࡡᛮ⬗ࢅ☔ヾࡊࡒࠊ 㸨㸞ᣈⅤびῼࡡᐁ᪃ 㛜Ⓠࡊࡒࣈࣚࢴࢹࣆ࢚࣭࣑ࢅா㒌ኬᏕࡡಘᴞ㹂㹊びῼᡜ࡞⛛ິࡈࡎࠉᣈⅤびῼ + ࢅ㛜ጙࡊࡒࠊCa ࢛ࣤࡡびῼࢅ⾔࠷ࠉ100km ௧୕ࡡ㧏㧏ᗐ࠾ࡼࡡᩋಘྒࢅᚋࡾࡆ࡛࡞ᠺຉࡊࡒࠊ ḗᖳᗐࡡࢪ࣎ࣚࢸࢴࢠ㸺ᒒࡡኣⓆࡌࡾኚࡡびῼ࡞ྡྷࡄ࡙ㄢᩒࢅ㐅ࡴࡒࠊ௧୕ࡡࡻ࠹࡞ᮇㄚ㢗ࡢ᩺ ࡊ࠷々ྙびῼ࡞ྡྷࡄ╌ᐁ࡞㐅ᒈࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ ⑧⃕ ၤྒྷ ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯ℾ᫅㝱▴ࢨ࣭ࣔࢥࢴࢰࢹࡡྜྷనమᖳᏕ◂✪ ◂✪㛣㸯ᖲᠺ 22ࠤ24 ᖳᗐ ᡜහ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽㸯ᾇ⏛༡ྒྷ ᡜአ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽ᩐ㸯0 ྞ ⤊㈕㸯├⤊㈕ 4,400,000 ළ 㛣⤊㈕ 1,320,000 ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ≁࡞ࠉZagami 㝱▴࡞Ꮛᅹࡌࡾฦṟᾦࢅ⾪ࡌࡾᒷ┞ࡡ Rb-Sr, Sm-Nd ᖳ࡛ࠉࡐࡆ࡞ྱࡱࡿࡾࠉ ྜྷనమ⣌ࡡ㛚㙈Ὼᗐ㧏࠷ࣁࢸࣝࢹ(ZrO2)ࡡ U-Pb ᖳࢅẒ㍉ࡊࠉℾ᫅ᆀṾࡡᙟᠺᖳࢅ㧏⢥ᗐ࡚ Ửᏽࡌࡾࠊ ◂✪ᐁ⦴ Ѹ 114Ѹ ― 119 ― ᮇ◂✪ࡢࠉℾ᫅㝱▴ࡡྜྷనమᖳࠉᵋᠺ㖌∸ࡡ᚜㔖ඔ⣪Ꮛᅹᗐ࡞ᇱࡘࡀࠉℾ᫅ᆀṾࡡᙟᠺ࠽ࡻࡦን ᠺᖳࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡊࠉℾ᫅ᆀṾѸ ࣏ࣤࢹࣜࡡฦ㐛⛤ࢅゆ᪺ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅࡴࡉࡌࠊ ྜྷనమ⣌࡞ࡻࡾℾ᫅㝱▴ࡡᙟᠺᖳࡡ㐢࠷ࡢࠉỀ㈹ንᠺష⏕ࡷ⾢ᦹንᠺష⏕࡞㛭㏻ࡊࡒὮమໜ᭯∸࡞ ㉫ᅄࡌࡾࡵࡡࡡ࠾ࠉ࠵ࡾ࠷ࡢ⾢ᦹንᠺ࡛Ề㈹ንᠺࡡ├Ⓩᙫ㡢ࡡ࠾ࢅࠉྜྷనమᖳᏕࠉᆀ⌣ ᏕⓏᡥἪࢅ㥉ࡊ࡙᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡊࡻ࠹࡛ࡌࡾࡵࡡ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ 1. ᚜㔖ඔ⣪࡞ᐣࡳࣝࣜࢯࣚࢹ㈹ࢨ࣭ࣔࢥࢴࢰࢹ RBT 04261 ࡞ྱࡱࡿࡾࣁࢸࣝࢹ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉᒷ ▴㖌∸ᏕⓏエ㍍ࢅ࠽ࡆ࠷ࠉࡆࡡ㖌∸ࢨ࣭ࣔࢥࢴࢰࢹ࣏ࢡ࣏ࡡ⤎ᬏฦ࡞ࡻࡽᬏฝࡊࡒࡵࡡ࡚ࠉ ⾢ᦹንᠺష⏕࡞ࡻࡽḗⓏ࡞⏍ᠺࡊࡒࡵࡡ࡚ࡢ࠷ࡆ࡛ࢅ♟ࡊࡒࠊࡈࡼ࡞ࠉḗ࢛ࣤ㈹㔖ฦᯊ゛ࢅ ⏕࠷࡙ࡆࡡࣁࢸࣝࢹࡡࣚࣤ-ࢹ࣑ࣛ-㕼ྜྷనమฦᯊࢅ࠽ࡆࡖࡒࠊᚋࡼࡿࡒࣚࣤࠉ㕼ྜྷనమ ࢸ࣭ࢰࢅࢤࣤࢤ࣭ࢸᅒ࡞ࣈࣞࢴࢹࡊࡒ࡛ࡆࢀࠉࣁࢸࣝࢹࡢᨲᑏ㉫″㕼ࢅࡖ࡙࠷࠷ࡆ࡛ ࢂ࠾ࡽࠉRBT 04261 ࢨ࣭ࣔࢥࢴࢰࢹࡡ⤎ᬏᖳࡢ 2 ൦ᖳ࡛⤎ㄵࡈࡿࡒࠊࡆࡡࡆ࡛࠾ࡼࠉࢨ࣭ࣔࢥ ࢴࢰࢹࡡᨲᑏ㉫″㕼࡞இࡊ࠷㖌∸ࠉᩫ㛏▴ࡡ㕼-㕼ᖳ࡞ᇱࡘ࠷࡙ᥞ၌ࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡒ 41 ൦ᖳ࡛࠷࠹ᖳ ࡢࠉࢨ࣭ࣔࢥࢴࢰࢹࡡ⤎ᬏᖳ࡚ࡢ࠷ࡆ࡛ࠉℾ᫅ᆀṾ࡚ࡡℾᠺὩິࡢ᭩㎾ 2 ൦ᖳࡱ࡚⤽⤾ࡊ ࡙࠷ࡒࡆ࡛ࢅ࠵ࡀࡼ࠾࡞ࡊࡒࠊ 2. ♼ዄᕖ┬❟༡∸㤃࠾ࡼ㒼ฦࢅུࡄࡒ᚜㔖ඔ⣪࡞ᐣࡳࢨ࣭ࣔࢥࢴࢰࢹ Zagami ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉリ⣵ᒷ ▴㖌∸Ꮥエ㍍ࢅ࠽ࡆ࠷ࠉᚉᮮሒ࿈ࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡒࡵࡡࡻࡽࡵࡈࡼ࡞ฦࡊࡒᒷ┞ࡡᏋᅹࢅ࠵ࡀࡼ࠾࡞ࡊ ࡒࠊᚃ࡞⤎ᬏࡊࡒ㖌∸࠽ࡻࡦἸථࡈࡿࡒᏕ⤄ᠺࡡ␏ࡾ࣏ࢡ࣏࡞㉫ᅄࡌࡾ࣒ࣜࢹࡡᏕ⤄ᠺࢅ ⩻៎ࡊࡒ࠹࠻࡚ࠉZagami ࣏ࢡ࣏ࡡ⤎ᬏฦ㐛⛤࠽ࡻࡦ⾢ᦹንᠺ㐛⛤࡞ࡗ࠷࡙㆗ㄵࡊࡒࠊࡈࡼ࡞ࠉࣜࣄ ࢩ࣑-ࢪࢹࣞࣤࢲ࣑࠽ࡻࡦࣜࢥࣤ-ࣜࢥࣤྜྷనమฦᯊ࡞⏕࠷ࡾムᩩࡡ㐽ᏽࢅ࠽ࡆࡖࡒࠊ ᇱ┑◂✪㸝B㸞ᾇአ ⑨ሲཋ ㈏ ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯ᴗᇡࡡΊྙ┞㞴ࡡᨲᑏ࣬᚜∸⌦≁ᛮࡡゆ᪺◂✪ ◂✪㛣㸯ᖲᠺ 21ࠤ23 ᖳᗐ ᡜහ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽㸯ࡊ ᡜአ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽ᩐ㸯2 ྞ ⤊㈕㸯├⤊㈕ 7,400,000 ළ 㛣⤊㈕ 2,220,000 ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ᮇ◂✪゛⏤ࡢᴗᇡ࡚ฝ⌟ࡌࡾ㞴ࡡ࠹ࡔ≁࡞Ίྙ┞㞴㸝Ề⢇Ꮔ࡛ể⢇ᏄࡡΊྙ㸞࡞╌┘ࡊࠉࡐࡡᨲ ᑏ≁ᛮ㸝ྊちᇡࠤ㎾㉝አᇡ࡚ࡡකᏕⓏཉࡈ࡛㟸ᑊ⛘ᅄᏄ㸞࡛᚜∸⌦≁ᛮ㸝㞴⢇Ꮔࡡ᭯ຝ༖ᙼࠉ㞴Ề㔖㸞 ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉ࡞࣓࣭ࣛࢹࢬࣤࢨࣤࢡᡥἪ࡞ࡻࡾᆀ୕びῼ࠽ࡻࡦ⾠᫅びῼ࡞ᇱࡘ࠷࡙◂✪ࢅ⾔࠹ࡵࡡ࡚ ࠵ࡾࠊ≁࡞ࠉΊྙ┞㞴ධమࡡ㞴㸝Ề㞴ࠉể㞴ࠉΊྙ┞㞴㸞࡞༥ࡴࡾྙࡷࡐࡡể㐛⛤࡞㛭ࡌࡾ⌦ ゆ㔔こ࡚࠵ࡾࡆ࡛࠾ࡼࠉ㞴⢇Ꮔࣈ࣭ࣞࣇ➴ࡡ in-situ ῼᏽࢅྱࡳ▯㞗୯びῼࢅᐁ᪃ࡌࡾࠊࡆࡿࡼࡡ ◂✪ࢅ㏳ࡋ࡙ᚋࡼࡿࡾ∸⌦㔖ࡢ㞴ࡡẴುᙫ㡢ࢅビ౮ࡌࡾ୕࡚ᇱᮇⓏࣂ࣒ࣚࢰ࡛ࡊ࡙ᴗࡴ࡙㔔こ࡚࠵ ࡾࠊᮇ◂✪࡞ࡻࡽᚋࡼࡿࡾᠺᯕࡢ㞴ࡡཱིࡽ࠷ࢅྱࡳẴು࣓ࢸࣜࡡ⢥ᗐྡྷ୕࡞㈠ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ᙽࡈࡿ ࡾࠊ ◂✪ᐁ⦴ H23 ᖳᗐ࡞⧖㉲ࡡࡒࡴᐁ⦴ࡊࠊ Ѹ 115Ѹ ― 120 ― ኚ㞕 ⑩ఫ⸠ ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯࢛࣭ࣞࣚࡡ༞༖⌣භᙲᛮ࡛ࡐࡡኯ㝟Ὡິ౪Ꮛᛮࡡ◂✪ ◂✪㛣㸯ᖲᠺ 21ࠤ25 ᖳᗐ ᡜහ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽㸯ᒜᓃ㞕 㛓ಲ ᑚᕖὀಘ ᡜአ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽ᩐ㸯3 ྞ ⤊㈕㸯├⤊㈕ 2,900,000 ළ 㛣⤊㈕ 870,000 ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ࢛࣭ࣞࣚࡢ༞୦༖⌣ࡡᴗᇡ࡚㉫ࡆࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠉࡐࡡᙟజ࡙࠷ࡾሔྙࡷධࡂ␏ࡾሔྙ࠵ࡾࠊ ༞ᴗᇱᆀ࡛ᴗᇡࢪࣚࣤࢺࡢᆀ⌣୕ࡡ࢛࣭ࣞࣚᖈ࡚။ୌᏋᅹࡌࡾᆀ☚ẴභᙲⅤ࣋ࡡన⨠㛭 ౿࡞࠵ࡾࠊᮇ◂✪ࡢࠉභᙲⅤ࡚࢛࣭ࣞࣚࡡᙟ≟࣬ິࡀࠉᙁᗐࢅ㧏⢥ᗐ࡚ྜྷびῼࡊ༞༖⌣㛣ࡡᑊ⛘ ᛮ࣬㟸ᑊ⛘ᛮࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࠊࡐࡊ࡙ࠉ㟸ᑊ⛘ᛮࢅ㉫ࡆࡌཋᅄࢅኯ㝟㢴-☚Ẵᅥ-㞹㞫ᅥ┞பష⏕ࡡび Ⅴ࠾ࡼ᥀ࡾࠊ࢛࣭ࣞࣚࡡⓆ⏍࡞ཀྵࡌ㞹㞫ᅥࡡᐞ࡞ࡵⅤࢅᙔ࡙ࡾࠊᮇ◂✪࡚Ἰ┘ࡌࡾ࢛࣭ࣞࣚࡢࠉ ᮅゆỬⅤࢅኣࡂṟࡌࠉ⇷ⓆⓏ࢛࣭ࣞࣚ⌟㇗ࡡ࢛࣭ࣞࣚ࣬ࣇࣝࢠࢴࣈࠉࡐࡡᅂᚗ࡞ฝ⌟ࡌࡾⅤ ⁓ᆵࡡ⬞ິ࢛࣭ࣞࣚ➴࡚࠵ࡾࠊࡈࡼ࡞ࠉኯ㝟Ὡິ࡛ࡡ㛭౿ࡵἸ┘ࡌࡾࠊ ◂✪ᐁ⦴ ᮇ◂✪ࡢࠉᆀ୕࠾ࡼࡡ༞භᙲⅤびῼᆀ⌣୕࡚။ୌྊ⬗࡚࠵ࡾฺⅤࢅ᭩ኬ㝀Ὡ⏕ࡊࠉ࢛࣭ࣞࣚࡡ ᙟ≟ࡷິࡀࠉⓆකᙁᗐ࡛ࢪ࣋ࢠࢹࣜࢅ㧏⢥ᗐ࡚ྜྷびῼࡊࠉ༞༖⌣㛣ࡡᑊ⛘ᛮ࣬㟸ᑊ⛘ᛮࡡ≁ᛮࢅ ᏽ㔖Ⓩ࡞᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࠊࡐࡊ࡙ࠉ㟸ᑊ⛘ᛮࢅ㉫ࡆࡌཋᅄࢅኯ㝟㢴-☚Ẵᅥ-㞹㞫ᅥ┞பష⏕ࡡびⅤ࠾ࡼ ᥀ࡾࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡽࠉ࢛࣭ࣞࣚⓆ⏍ᶭᵋࡡᮇ㈹ࢅゆࡀ᪺࠾ࡌࡆ࡛ࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ ᖲᠺ 22 ᖳᗐࡡ⌟ᆀびῼ࡚ࡢࠉ๑ᖳᗐྜྷᵕ࡞ࠉභᙲⅤ࡚ࡡྊち࢛࣭ࣞࣚࡡྜྷびῼྊ⬗⚽ฦࡡ 9 ᭮࡞ࢪࣚࣤࢺ࡞࠽࠷࡙༞ᴗᇱᆀ࡛ࡡ࢛࣭ࣞࣚྜྷびῼࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊࢪࣚࣤࢺ࣬ࣆࢴࢦ ࣆ࢘ࣜびῼᣈⅤ࡚ࡢࠉ๑ᖳᗐᣚࡔᖉࡽಞ⌦ࡊࡒ 8CH ᤪኮࣆ࢚ࢹ࣒࣭ࢰࢅ්シ⨠ࡊ⮤ິ㐘⏕ࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠉ ධኮ༟Ⰵ࣒࣭ࢩࣔࡷ⠾᪾ᆵ㧏វᗐ࣒࢜ࣚ㸝Watec㸞ࡡ⮤ິ㐘⏕ࡵ⾔ࡖࡒࠊࡱࡒ࣒࣭ࢩࣤࢡ࢛࣒࣭ࣛ ࢰࢸ࣭ࢰ㘋㒂ࡡ᭞᩺ࡷࠉ㹂㸻ᖈ࢛࣭ࣞࣚ㞹ἴびῼ⨠ࡡಕᏬ࣬ᨭⰃࡵ⾔ࡖࡒࠊࢲࣘࣜࢾࢪびῼ Ⅴ࡞࠽࠷࡙ࡢࠉWatec ࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࢅ᩺ࡒ࡞ୌᘟ㏛ຊシ⨠ࡊ⮤ິ㐘⏕ࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠉ⩹ᮑࡊࡒ࣒࣭ࢩࣤ ࢡ࢛࣒࣭ࣛࢰࡡཡషᴏࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊࢪࣚࣤࢺ࡛ᇱᆀ࠾ࡼࡡ Watec ࢸ࣭ࢰࡷ࣒࣭ࢩࣤࢡ ࢛࣒࣭ࣛࢰࢸ࣭ࢰࡢࠉ‵ࣛࣜࢰ࣑࡞ᴗᆀ◂ࡡ゛⟤ᶭࢨࢪࢷ࣑࡞ఎ㏞ࡈࡿࠉびῼ⤂ᚃࡢࢦ࣏ࣛࣈ ࣞࢴࢹࢅ⮤ິషᠺࡊࠉࡐࡿࡼࢅ Web ୕࡚ずࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࡀࡾࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࡡᵋ⠇ࡵ㐅ࡴࡒࠊ9 ᭮ 13-14 ࡞ ࡢࠉẒ㍉Ⓩ㟴࠾࢛࣭ࣞࣚὩິ࡚ࡢ࠵ࡖࡒࠉᇱᆀ࡛ࡡ㛣࡚ࡡྜྷびῼ࡞ᠺຉࡊࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉ9 ᭮ 7-8 ࡞ࡢࠉࢪࣚࣤࢺഁࡓࡄ࡚ࡢ࠵ࡖࡒࠉ㟸ᖏ࡞ὩⓆ⬞ິ࢛࣭ࣞࣚびῼࡈࡿࠉࢪࣚࣤ ࢺࡡኬᆵ▯ἴ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭࡛ࡡྜྷびῼ࡞ᠺຉࡊࡒࠊ࢛࣭ࣞࣚびῼᶭჹ⮤ິ㐘⏕ࡈࡿࡾࡻ࠹࡞ࡖࡒࡒ ࡴࠉெᅹࡊࡒ 9 ᭮ࡡභᙲⅤ㛣ࡡࡲ࡚ࡢࡂࠉ⩛ᖳ 3 ᭮ࡡභᙲⅤ㛣࡞ࡵࠉᇱᆀ࡛ࡡ㛣࡚࢛ ࣭ࣞࣚභᙲⅤྜྷびῼࢸ࣭ࢰࢅཱིᚋࡌࡾࡆ࡛ฝᮮࡒࠊ ⑪୯ᮟ ༜ྒྷ ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯㉰㧏ᒒኬẴୖ㒂ࡡ⤊ᗐ㟸ୌᵕᛮࡡᅗ㝷༝ྜྷびῼ ◂✪㛣㸯ᖲᠺ 20ࠤ22 ᖳᗐ ᡜහ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽㸯Ờᑶ ┤ ᡜአ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽ᩐ㸯1 ྞ Ѹ 116Ѹ ― 121 ― ⤊㈕㸯├⤊㈕ 3,000,000 ළ 㛣⤊㈕ 900,000 ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ㉰㧏ᒒኬẴ㸝㧏ᗐ 100 km ௧୕㸞ࡡ⤊ᗐን࣬⤊ᗐᵋ㏸᭩㎾ࢠ࣭ࣞࢫࢴࣈࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࠊୌ᪁ࠉ ୖᒒ࠾ࡼఎࢂࡾኬẴἴິࡡ◃ἴ࡞ࡻࡾኬẴᏭᏽ࡛Ὦࠉ࠽ࡻࡦࡆࡡࡻ࠹ἴິࢅ◃ἴࡈࡎࡾኬẴ Ꮽᏽ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉࡈࡱࡉࡱびῼ◂✪ࠉ⌦ㄵ◂✪࠽ࡻࡦ࣓ࢸࣛࣤࢡ࡚᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡖ࡙ࡀࡒࠊᮇ◂✪࡚ࡢࠉ ୖᒒ࡛ࡡ┞பష⏕ࢅ⩻࠻ࡾ୕࡚㔔こ㉰㧏ᒒኬẴୖ㒂ࡡኬẴᏭᏽ㡷ᇡࡡ⤊ᗐን࡛࠷࠹ᴣᛍ࡚ࠉ ᮇ࠽ࡻࡦ⡷ᅗࢤࣞࣚࢺ࡚⾔ࡖ࡙ࡀࡒᆀ୕࠾ࡼࡡක㞹ἴ༝ྜྷびῼࢅ㍀࡞ࡈࡼ࡞Ⓠᒈࡈࡎࡒࢾࢴࢹ࣭࣠ ࢠࢅᵋ⠇ࡊ⾠᫅びῼࡵິဤࡊ࡙ࠉୖ㒂⇍ᅥࡡງᏕⓏ⤊ᗐ㟸ୌᵕᛮࡡᐁឺࢅびῼⓏ࡞᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ ࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡌࡾࠊ ◂✪ᐁ⦴ ᮇ◂✪࡚ࡢࠉୖᒒ࡛ࡡ┞பష⏕ࢅ⩻࠻ࡾ୕࡚㔔こ㉰㧏ᒒኬẴୖ㒂ࡡኬẴᏭᏽ㡷ᇡࡡ⤊ᗐን࡛ ࠷࠹ᴣᛍ࡚ࠉ⡷࡚⾔ࡖ࡙ࡀࡒᆀ୕࠾ࡼࡡක㞹ἴ༝ྜྷびῼࢅⓆᒈࡈࡎࡒࢾࢴࢹ࣭࣠ࢠࢅᵋ⠇ࡊ⾠᫅ びῼࡵິဤࡊ࡙ࠉୖ㒂⇍ᅥࡡງᏕⓏ⤊ᗐ㟸ୌᵕᛮࡡᐁឺࢅびῼⓏ࡞᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡌࡾࠊ ᮇᖳᗐࡵୖエࡡࡻ࠹࡞㡨ㄢ࡞㐅ᒈࡊࡒࠊ 1㸞⡷ᅗࢤࣞࣚࢺ࡛ᮇ࡚ࡡක㞹ἴ༝ྜྷびῼ ⡷ᅗࢤࣞࣚࢺ࡛ᮇ࡚ࡡࣚࢱ࣭࡛ࡡྜྷびῼࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ ୯ᚨ࡞༝ྜྷびῼࢸ࣭ࢰࡡゆᯊࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊᾇአභྜྷ◂✪⩽ࡡ Joe She ᩅ 3 ࢜᭮㛣ᮇ࡞ᅹࡊࠉࡐ ࡡ㛣࡞ᾇአභྜྷ◂✪⩽ࡡ Jia Yue ࡛ࡵ༝ྜྷࡊ࡙◂✪ࡡ࡛ࡽࡱ࡛ࡴࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ⡷ࡡࣛࢴࣈࣜ⤣゛Ẓ㍉ ࡞᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡖࡒࣚࢱ࣭࡞ࡻࡾኬẴᏭᏽᗐ࡛ࡡୌᑊୌᑊᚺࡡᘽࡈࡢࠉࣚࢱ࣭ࢸ࣭ࢰゆᯊ୕ࡡ㧏ᗐ ໖㒼ᑙฝࡡᅖ᭯ࡡၡ㢗࡛᪺ࡼ࠾࡞࡚ࡀࡒࠊ 2)ᣉኬࢾࢴࢹ࣭࣠ࢠびῼ࡛⾠᫅༝ྜྷびῼ ኬᆵࡡኣἴ㛏ධኮኬẴක࣒࣭ࢩࣔࢅࢺࢵࡡኬẴ∸⌦◂ ✪ᡜࡡ Kuelungsborn ࡞シ⨠ࡊ࡙ࢸ࣭ࢰࡡᑛ࠷Ḛᕗᇡࡡኣἴ㛏ධኮ࣒࣭ࢩࣔびῼࢅ㛜ጙࡊࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉ ࡐࡡᚃḚࡡ ALOMAR ࡞ࡵ࣒࣭ࢩࣔࢅᒈ㛜ࡊࡒࠊࡆࡡ㛣ࠉࢺࢵࡡ࣭࣏ࣝࣛ࣬ࣚࣤ࣬භ㫾ᩋ ࣚࢱ࣭びῼ࡛㈏㔔ྜྷびῼࢸ࣭ࢰࢅཱིᚋࡊࡒࠊࢺࢵ࡚ࡡびῼ࠾ࡼࡢࠉMLT 㔔ງἴࡡᵋ㏸ࢅኣ㟻 Ⓩびῼ࠾ࡼ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡊࡒࠊ 3)✒ࢸ࣭ࢰࡡゆᯊ࡛ࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪ ࡆࡿࡱ࡚࡞ཱིᚋ✒ࡊࡒࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ⥪ྙⓏ࡞ゆᯊࡊࡒࠊ࡛ࡂ࡞ࠉ Ripple ࡡ⤣゛࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡡゆᯊ᪁Ἢࡡࣁࢪࡷ᭩㐲Ẓ㍉᪁Ἢࢅ༎ฦ㆗ㄵࡊࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉ⡷ࡡẒ㍉࡚ ࡢ MLT 㡷ᇡࡡኬࡀᕣ␏ࡵずࡼࡿࡒࠉ⦃ᗐ㸪ᗐ⛤ᗐࡡ㐢࠷ࡡᙫ㡢ࡵኬࡀ࠷ࡆ࡛♟ࡈࡿࠉᚃ㹂 㹁㹉ࢅ⦃ᗐ⤊ᗐࡓࡄ࡚ࡂ࣏ࢴࣈ࡛ࡊ࡙ᤂ࠻ࡾࡻ࠹ᛦࡡวࡽ᭨࠻ᚪこ࡚࠵ࡾࡆ࡛♟ࡈࡿࡒࠊ ௧୕ࡡࡻ࠹࡞ᮇㄚ㢗ࡢኣࡂࡡ⌦ᏕⓏ▩ずࢅᚋࡒ࡛ྜྷ࡞ࠉ⡷࣬≺࡛ࡡ◂✪⩽ࢾࢴࢹ࣭࣠ࢠࡵ⠇ࡂࡆ࡛ ࡚ࡀࠉᙽ௧୕ࡡⓆᒈࢅ㐑ࡅࡒࠊ ⑫⯢ᮄ ᐹ ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯ᑚᆵ↋ெ㣍⾔ᶭ࡞ࡻࡾ༞ᴗࣇࣚࣤࢪࣆ࣭ࣜࢺᾇ⓽ࡡ✭୯☚Ẵびῼ࡛ᾇ⓽ᙟᠺ࣒࢜ࢼࢫ࣑ ◂✪㛣㸯ᖲᠺ 22ࠤ24 ᖳᗐ ᡜහ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽㸯ࡊ ᡜአ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽ᩐ㸯㸩ྞ ⤊㈕㸯├⤊㈕ 7,800,000 ළ 㛣⤊㈕ 2,340,000 ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ Ѹ 117Ѹ ― 122 ― ࣇࣚࣤࢪࣆ࣭ࣜࢺᾇ⓽ࡢࠉᆀ⌣୕࡚᭩ࡵ᩺ࡊ࠷⫴ᘴᾇ⓽࡚࠵ࡾࠉࡐࡡᙟᠺ࡛ᣉኬࡡᵕᏄࡢ᪺ࡼ࠾ ࡞ࡈࡿ࡙࠷࠷ࠊᮇ◂✪࡚ࡢᑚᆵ↋ெ㣍⾔ᶭ࡞ࡻࡾྜྷᾇ⓽ࡡ✭୯☚Ẵびῼࢅ⾔࠷ࠉ☚Ẵ␏ᖏࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ ࡌࡾࠊࡆࡡ㣍⾔びῼࡢࠉ࢞ࣤࢡࢩ࣭ࣘࢩᓞ࡞࠵ࡾ㡉ᅗࡡᇱᆀࠔୠᏺᇱᆀࠕࡷ୯ᅗࡡࠔ㛏ᇖᇱᆀࠕࢅᇱⅤ ࡞100kmx60kmࡡ⠂ᅑࢅ㧏ᗐ500m࡚⾔࠹ࠊࡱࡒ࢞ࣤࢡࢩ࣭ࣘࢩᓞ࡛ࡐࡡ࿔㎮ᆀᇡ࡚ࡢ㈇ථᒷࢅᑊ㇗࡞ᒷ ▴㞗ࢅ⾔࠷ࠉཿᆀ☚ẴᏕࠉᒷ▴Ꮥࠉᒷ▴ᖳᏕࡡฦ㔕࠾ࡼᾇ⓽ᙟᠺࡡ࣒࢜ࢼࢫ࣑ࢅ◂✪ࡌࡾࠊࡆࡿࡼ ࡡ▩ずࢅᇱ࡞ྜྷᆀᇡࡡࣈ࣭ࣝࢹࡡỷࡲ㎰ࡲ࡞ࡻࡾ⫴ᘴᾇ⓽ᣉኬ࡛㐅ࡡᵕᏄࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࠊ ◂✪ᐁ⦴ ◂✪⾪⩽ࡢ 5 ᭮࡞㡉ᅗࡡᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ࡞⾔ࡀࠉ◂✪༝ງ⩽࡛ㄢᰕࡡᡬࡔྙࢂࡎࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉ6 ᭮࡞ࡢࢲࣛ༞ᴗ◂✪ᡜ࡛භྜྷ◂✪ࢅ❟ࡔ୕ࡅࡒࠊ5 ᭮࠾ࡼ 8 ᭮ࡡ㛣࡞ 3 ᅂࡡ㣍⾔ᐁ㥺ࢅⲀᇖ┬Ꮼㆺ㣍 ⾔ሔ࡞࠽࠷࡙⾔ࡖࡒࠊ8 ᭮࡞ࡢᶭమࢅ㝎ࡂ∸㈠ࢅ㡉ᅗᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ⤊⏜࡚ୠᏺᇱᆀ࡞㍲㏞ࡊࡒࠊ1 ᭮ 9 ࠤ2 ᭮ 1 ࡱ࡚ࠉ⯢ᮄࠉ᮶㔕ࠉᒷ⏛ࠉࡐࡿ࡞ 2 ྞࡡ◂✪༝ງ⩽ࢲࣛࡡ࢙ࢪࢠࢸࣞᇱᆀ࡞ᅹ ࡊࠉ↋ெ⯗✭ᶭ࡞ࡻࡾ✭୯☚Ẵびῼ࣬ᒷ▴ᖳ࣬ཿᆀ☚Ẵㄢᰕࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉ2 ᭮ 1 ࠤ2 ᭮ 28 ࡱ࡚ࠉ⯢ᮄࠉ୯ᮟࠉᆊ୯ୠᏺᇱᆀ࡞ᅹࡊࠉཿᆀ☚Ẵ㹺ᆀ☚Ẵびῼࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ✭୯☚Ẵびῼࡢࠉࢲࣛ ᇱᆀࡡ⁝㉦㊨ࢅ⏕ࡊ࡙⾔ࡖࡒࠊ๑༖ࡢ㢴ᙁࡂࠉᚃ༖ࡢ㞭࣬㟕࣬㞯ࡡኣࡂࠉ㣍⾔࡞㐲ࡊࡒ㟴✔ ࡢ 1 ࡓࡄ࡚࠵ࡖࡒࠊẒ㍉ⓏኮẴⰃ࠷࡞ࡢᅗࡡ✭㌯ᶭࡷẰ㛣ᶭ㣍ᮮࡊࠉ↋ெᶭࡡ㣍⾔ᐁ㥺 โ㝀ࡈࡿࡒࠊࡆࡡࡻ࠹᮪௲ୖ࡚↋ெ㣍⾔ᶭࡢ☚ງ゛ࢅᦒ㍍ࡊࠉ100km ࡡ⮤ິ㣍⾔ࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊࡱࡒ Ant-Plane3-4 ྒᶭࡢ 13m/s ࡡᙁ㢴࡚ 38km ࢅ㣍⾔ࡊࡒࠉGPS ࡞ࢹࣚࣇࣜⓆ⏍ࡊࠉࢺࣝࢠᾇᓒ࡚⾔ ᪁᪺࡞ࡖࡒࠊཿᆀ☚ẴᏕ⏕ࡡᒷ▴㞗ࡢࠉ࡞㈇ථᒷࢅᑊ㇗࡞⾔࠷ࠉᙔิࡡムᩩ㞗ࢅ⾔࠹ࡆ࡛ ࡚ࡀࡒࠊᒷ▴ᖳࡡ◂✪࡞࠽࠷࡙ࡢ᩺㩥ᒷ▴ᑛࡂࠉ゛⏤ࡊ࡙࠷ࡒムᩩ㞗༎ฦ࡚ࡀ࠾ࡖ ࡒࠊᆀ☚Ẵびῼࡢୠᏺᇱᆀ࿔㎮࡚⾔࠷ࠉ࣏ࣛࣤථỜ࡞ᖲ⾔ኬࡀ☚Ẵ␏ᖏࢅずฝࡊࡒࠊࡆࡡ☚Ẵ ␏ᖏࡢⰴᓮ㛕⥫ᒷ࡞㉫ᅄࡊࠉⰴᓮ㛕⥫ᒷࡢࣇࣚࣤࢪࣆ࣭ࣜࢺᾇᓒᙟᠺิ࡞ᙟᠺࡊࡒ᩷ᒒ࡞Ἒࡖ࡙ ㈇ථࡊࡒࡆ࡛᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡖࡒࠊ ⑬Ⓣ▴ ⾔ ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯ᆀ㈹͆⣴͇ሾ⏲࡞࠽ࡄࡾ㒂ᆀṾࣈࣞࢬࢪ࡞ࡻࡾ⾪ᒒ⎌ሾን㐼ࡡ◂✪ ◂✪㛣㸯ᖲᠺ 22ࠤ24 ᖳᗐ ᡜහ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽㸯 ᮇྚὊୌ አ⏛ᬓ༐ ᡜአ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽ᩐ㸯㸩ྞ ⤊㈕㸯├⤊㈕ 5,200,000 ළ 㛣⤊㈕ 1,560,000 ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ኯཿࠉཋ⏍ࠉ㢟⏍࡛࠷ࡖࡒᆀ㈹ᖳ༇ฦ୕ࡡ͆ᆀ㈹⣴͇ࡡሾ⏲ࡢࠉᆀ⌣୕ࡡࢷࢠࢹࢼ ࢠࢪࡷᆀ⌣⎌ሾࡡኬࡀ㌷ᥦⅤ࡛ࡖࡒ࡚ࡵ࠵ࡾࠊᮇ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡚ࡢࠉኯཿ-ཋ⏍ሾ⏲㸝⣑ 25 ൦ᖳ๑㸞ࡼࡦ࡞ཋ⏍-㢟⏍ሾ⏲㸝⣑ 6-5 ൦ᖳ๑㸞ࡡ 2 ࡗࡡ͆⣴ሾ⏲͇࡞╌┘ࡊ࡙ࠉ㸝㸦㸞 ንᠺࣈࣞࢬࢪࡡᑊẒ࡛㸝㸧㸞ྜྷనమᆀ⌣ᏕⓏᣪິࡡ᳠ゞࠉࡡ㸧ࡗࡡずᆀ࡞❟ࡖ࡙ࠉᆀṾ㒂࡚ࡡᆀ ㈹㐛⛤ཀྵࡦᆀ⌣ᏕⓏᣞᵾࡡን㐼ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡌࡾࠊࡐࡡࡒࡴ࡞ࠉ㸝㸦㸞ᮇ◂✪ ㄚ㢗ࡡ୯ᰶ࡛ࡾ༞ᴗᆀᇡ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ㔕አᆀ㈹ㄢᰕࢅ࠽ࡆ࠹࡛࡛ࡵ࡞ࠉࡈࡼ࡞༞ᴗࡡࢸ࣭ࢰ࡛ࡡᑊẒ ྊ⬗࡛ࡾࡻ࠹ࠉ㸝㸧㸞ࣤࢺ༞㒂ࡡ㔕አᆀ㈹ㄢᰕࢅ࠽ࡆࡖ࡙ᇱ♇Ⓩᆀ㈹ᒷ▴ࢸ࣭ࢰࢅᚋࡾ ࡆ࡛ࠉ㸝㸨㸞༞ᴗ࡛ࣤࢺࢅࡗࡃࢪࣛࣚࣤ࢜ࡡࢸ࣭ࢰ⢥ᗐࢅྡྷ୕ࡈࡎࡾࡆ࡛ࠉࡡ 3 Ⅴࢅᮇ⏞ㄫㄚ㢗 ࡡ◂✪㛣හ࡞࠽ࡄࡾࡒࡾ┘ᵾ࡛ࡌࡾࠊ Ѹ 118Ѹ ― 123 ― ◂✪ᐁ⦴ ᖲᠺ 22 ᖳᗐࡢࠉᙔิࡡ◂✪ᐁ᪃゛⏤㏳ࡽࠉ௧ୖࡡ 3 ᆀᇡ࡚ࡡᾇአᏕ⾙ㄢᰕࢅ࠽ࡆࡖࡒࠊ ࣬ࢪࣛࣚࣤ࢜୯ኳ㒂ᆀᇡ㸯ᗽ࣬ᮇྚ࣬ờ⏛㸝௧୕ࠉ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽㸞࣬ᒜᓧ㸝ஐᕗኬᏕኬᏕ㝌⏍/◂✪༝ ງ⩽㸞ࡡ 4 ྞ࡚ࠉཋ⏍ᮆࠤཿ⏍ิࡡ㧏Ὼንᠺᒷమࡡᆀ㈹ㄢᰕ࡛ᒷ▴ムᩩࡡཱིࢅ࠽ࡆࡖࡒࠊ ≁࡞ࠉࢪࣛࣚࣤ࢜୯ኳ㒂ࣀࣚࣤࢺᒷమࡡንᠺᒓṌࡡ්ᵋ⠇ࡡࡒࡴ࡞㉰㧏Ὼንᠺᒷムᩩࡡ⏐≟ཱི࡛ ࢅ࠽ࡆࡖࡒࠊ ࣬ࣤࢺ༞㒂ᆀᇡ㸯ࢦࢷࢨࣖ࣬አ⏛㸝௧୕ࠉ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽㸞 ࣬ᒜᓧ㸝㟴ᒱኬᏕኬᏕ㝌⏍/◂✪༝ງ⩽㸞࣬ ࢻࢨ࣭ࢪ㸝ኬ㜨ᕰ❟ኬᏕኬᏕ㝌⏍/◂✪༝ງ⩽㸞ࡡ 4 ྞ࡚ࠉኯཿᮆࡡࢱ࣭࣭ࣜ࣠ࣜᒷమࡡᆀ㈹ㄢᰕ ࡛ᒷ▴ムᩩࡡཱིࢅ࠽ࡆࡖࡒࠊ≁࡞ࠉኯཿࡡᇼ✒ᒒᗆࡡᚗඔ࡛ᇱ┑࡛ࡾḿ∞㯖ᒷ࡛ࡡᵋ㏸㛭౿ࠉ ኯཿᚃࠤᮆࡡࢠࣚࢹࣤࡡ᩷ሾ⏲ࡡᵋ㏸ᏕⓏゆᯊࠉྜྷనమฦᯊムᩩࡡཱིࢅ࠽ࡆࡖࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉ ⌟ᆀ࡚࠽ࡆࢂࡿࡒኯཿຊᆀ㈹ᅗ㝷ࢨࣤ࣎ࢩ࣑࠽ࡻࡦࣆ࣭ࣜࢺ࣭࣠ࢠࢨࣘࢴࣈ࡞አ⏛㸝◂✪ ฦᢰ⩽㸞ཤຊࡊࠉ◂✪Ⓠ⾪࡛㔕አゞㄵࢅ࠽ࡆࡖࡒࠊ ࣬༞ᴗᇱᆀ࿔㎮ᆀᇡ㸯ຊ⸠㸝༐ⴝኬᏕኬᏕ㝌⏍/◂✪༝ງ⩽㸞ࢅ༞ᴗᆀᇡびῼ㝪ࡡྜྷ⾔⩽࡛ࡊ࡙Ὤ 㐭ࡊࠉཋ⏍ᮆࠤཿ⏍ิࡡࣛࣖࢵ࢚࣑࣬࣌ࣜᒷమࡡᆀ㈹ㄢᰕ࡛ᒷ▴ムᩩࡡཱིࢅ࠽ࡆࡖࡒࠊ 㐛ཡ࡞ᮇࡡ༞ᴗびῼ㝪࡚✒ࡲ୕ࡅࡼࡿࡒᇱ♇ᆀ㈹ࢸ࣭ࢰ࡞ᇱࡘ࠷࡙ࠉ⌟ᆀ 20 ࢜ᡜࡡ㟚ᒷᆀᇡ࡞࠽࠷ ࡙びῼ㝪ဤ࡛༝ງࡊ࡙ᆀ㈹⢥ᰕᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊ 㔕አᆀ㈹ㄢᰕ࡚ᚋࡒࣆ࣭ࣜࢺࢸ࣭ࢰࢅࡵ࡛࡞ࠉཱིࡊࡒᒷ▴ムᩩࡡゆᯊࢅ⌟ᅹᅗහࡡᐁ㥺ᐄ࡚ 㗞ណࡌࡌࡴ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ ᇱ┑◂✪㸝C㸞 ①ᮇྚ Ὂୌ ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯㉰㧏Ὼንᠺᒷమࡡᙟᠺ㐛⛤ࡡゆ᪺Ѹ ᮶༞ᴗࢻࣅᒷమࢅౚ࡞Ѹ ◂✪㛣㸯ᖲᠺ 20ࠤ22 ᖳᗐ ᡜහ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽㸯Ⓣ▴⾔ አ⏛ᬓ༐ ᡜአ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽ᩐ㸯0 ྞ ⤊㈕㸯├⤊㈕ 800,000 ළ 㛣⤊㈕ 240,000 ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ㉰㧏Ὼንᠺష⏕㸝UHT; Ultrahigh-temperature metamorphism㸞࡛ࡢࠉንᠺᒷࡡᙟᠺῺᗐ 1000Υࢅ㉰ ࠻ࡾࡻ࠹㟸ᖏ࡞≁␏ᆀ㈹⌟㇗࡚࠵ࡽࠉᆀṾ㒂࡚ࡡንິࢅ⌦ゆࡌࡾ୕࡚㔔こ࡚࠵ࡾ࡞ࡵ࠾࠾ࢂࡼ ࡍࠉࡐࡡᠺᅄࡷᆀ⌣ྍ࡞࠽ࡄࡾណ⩇࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡢ༎ฦ࡞ゆ᪺ࡈࡿ࡙࠷࠷ࠊᮇ◂✪࡚ࡢࠉ㉰㧏Ὼንᠺᒷ మࡡᆵౚ࡛ࡈࡿࡾ᮶༞ᴗࡡࢻࣅᒷమࢅ◂✪ᑊ㇗࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉᆀ㈹ᏕⓏࠉᒷ▴ᏕⓏࠉᆀ⌣ᖳᏕⓏ᳠ゞ ࢅ㏳ࡋ࡙ࠉࡐࡡᙟᠺࣈࣞࢬࢪࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘ᣞࡌࠊ ◂✪ᐁ⦴ ᖲᠺ 22 ᖳᗐࡢࠉᮇ◂✪ㄚ㢗ࡡ᭩⤂ᖳᗐ࡚࠵ࡾࡆ࡛࡞㚯ࡲࠉᠺᯕࡡ࡛ࡽࡱ࡛ࡴ࡛ࡐࡡୌ㒂ࡡㄵᩝ࡞ ཱིࡽ⤄ࢆࡓࠊ࡛ࡂ࡞ࠉ᮶༞ᴗࢻࣅᒷమࡡ࠹ࡔけ㒂ᆀᇡ࡞┞ᙔࡌࡾࣆࣆ࣬ࣃࣜࢫࠉ࣏ࣤࢹ࣬ࢠ ࣞࢻࢪࡡࢦࣤࣈࣜྙ゛ 5 Ⅴ㸝㛏▴㈹ࠤ▴ⱝ㛏▴㈹∞㯖ᒷ 3 Ⅴࠉ⌓ᒷ 2 Ⅴ㸞࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉᅗ❟ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ ࡡḗ࢛ࣤ㈹㔖ฦᯊ゛㸝SHRIMP II㸞ࢅ⏕࠷࡙ࢩࣜࢤࣤࡡ U-Pb ᖳῼᏽࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊࡐࡡ⤎ᯕࠉ௧ ୖࡡ᩺▩ずᚋࡼࡿࡒࠊ 1. ᮇᆀᇡ࠾ࡼࡡ U-Pb ࢩࣜࢤࣤᖳ࡛ࡊ࡙ 3128Maࠤ1824Ma ࡛࠷࠹ᖳೋᚋࡼࡿࡒࠊ Ѹ 119Ѹ ― 124 ― 2. ࢻࣅᒷమ࡚ࡆࡿࡱ࡚ሒ࿈ࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾ 3800Maࠤ3600Ma ࡛࠷࠹ཿ࠷ᖳࡢず࠷ࡓࡈࡿ࠾ࡖࡒࠊ 3. ᅂᚋࡼࡿࡒᖳࡡ࠹ࡔࠉ3128Maࠤ2580Ma ࡛࠷࠹ࣈࣞࢹࣛࢪᖳࡢࠉࢻࣅᒷమࡡᆀᇡ࡚ሒ ࿈ࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾᖳ࡛ㄢⓏ࡚࠵ࡾࠉࣆࣆ࣬ࣃࣜࢫࡡ㛏▴㈹∞㯖ᒷ࠾ࡼࠉ2741Ma ࡛࠷࠹ℾ ᠺష⏕ࡡᖳ᩺ࡒ࡞ず࠷ࡓࡈࡿࡒࠊ ࡆࡿࡱ࡚ࡡ◂✪࡚ࠉࢻࣅᒷమࡡ㉰㧏Ὼንᠺష⏕ࡡᖳࡢ⣑ 2500Ma ࡛ࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࡆ࡛࠾ࡼࠉࡐࡿ ࡻࡽⱕ࠷ᖳೋ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡢࠉᑻᡜⓏὮమࡡ㛭ࠉ࠵ࡾ࠷ࡢንᙟష⏕ࡡᙫ㡢⩻࠻ࡼࡿࡾࠊ ௧୕ࡡ⤎ᯕࡢࠉᅗහአࡡᏕఌ࣬ࢨࣤ࣎ࢩ࣑➴࡚Ⓠ⾪ࢅ⾔࠹࡛࡛ࡵ࡞ࠉHorie et al.࡛ࡊ࡙ㄵᩝ࡞ࡱ ࡛ࡴࠉ2 ᭮࡞ᅗ㝷ヽ࡞ᢖ✇ࡊࡒࠊ⌟ᅹᰕㄖ㐅⾔୯࡚࠵ࡾࠊ ②Ⳛ ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯➠ᄿ⣎࡞࠽ࡄࡾ᮶༞ᴗểᗃ㧏ᗐࡡ᛬⃥ୖࡡཋᅄ࡛ᙫ㡢ࡡゆ᪺ ◂✪㛣㸯ᖲᠺ 22ࠤ24 ᖳᗐ ᡜහ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽㸯ⱝᶖ ᡜአ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽ᩐ㸯0 ྞ ⤊㈕㸯├⤊㈕ 2,100,000 ළ 㛣⤊㈕ 630,000 ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ኬ㝛ểᗃࡡንິ࣒࢜ࢼࢫ࣑࡛ࡐࡡᆀ⌣Ẵುࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࡡ୯࡚ᯕࡒࡌᙲࢅ⌦ゆࡌࡾࡒࡴ࡞ࡢࠉ㐛ཡ࡞ ࠽ࡄࡾᴗᇡࡡẴು࣬ểᗃንິࡡᚗඔྊḖ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ ࡐࡆ࡚ᮇ◂✪࡚ࡢࠉ᮶༞ᴗහ㝛ᒜᆀ࡚ࡡᆀᙟ࣬ᆀ㈹Ꮥㄢᰕ⤎ᯕࢅᇱ࡞ࠉ㸦㸞ểᗃንິࡡ㊟ࡡヾᏽ࡛ࠉ 㸧㸞Ꮻᏼ⥲↯ᑏᖳἪ࡞ࡻࡽỬᏽࡊࡒ㟚ฝᖳ࠾ࡼリ⣵ểᗃ㧏ᗐንິྍࡡᚗඔࢅ⾔࠹ࠊࡐࡊ࡙ࠉ㸨㸞 ểᗃ㧏ᗐࡡ᛬⃥ୖࡡཋᅄ࡛ࠉࡐࡡᆀ⌣Ẵುࢨࢪࢷ࣑ንິࡡᙫ㡢ࢅゆ᪺ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡌࡾࠊ ◂✪ᐁ⦴ ᮇ◂✪࡚ࡢࠉ᮶༞ᴗහ㝛ᒜᆀ࡚ࡡᆀᙟ࣬ᆀ㈹Ꮥㄢᰕࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࠉ㸦㸞ểᗃንິࡡ㊟㸝ểἑᆀᙟ㸞ࡡ ヾᏽ࡛ࠉ㸧㸞⾪㟻㟚ฝᖳ࡞ᇱࡘࡀリ⣵ểᗃ㧏ᗐንິྍࡡᚗඔࢅ⾔࠹ࠊࡐࡊ࡙ࠉ㸨㸞➠ᄿ⣎࡞࠽ࡄ ࡾểᗃ㧏ᗐୖࡡࠉ✭㛣ฦᕱࠉཋᅄࠉࡐࡊ࡙ᆀ⌣Ẵುࢨࢪࢷ࣑ንິࡡᙫ㡢ࢅゆ᪺ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘ Ⓩ࡛ࡌࡾࠊ ࢬ࣭ࣜ࣬ࣞࣤࢱ࣭ࢾᒜᆀ୯㒂ࡡリ⣵⌟ᆀㄢᰕ࡞ᇱࡘࡀࠉểἑᆀᙟࡡヾᏽ࡛ểἑᇼ✒∸ࡡ㢴ᗐビ ౮ࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊࡆࡡ⤎ᯕࠉࢬ࣭ࣜ࣬ࣞࣤࢱ࣭ࢾᒜᆀ࡚ࡢࠉ㐛ཡ࡞ 700 m ࡵࡡểᗃ㧏ᗐࡡୖ㉫ࡀࡒࡆ࡛ ♟ࡈࡿࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉ㢴ᗐビ౮࡞ᇱࡘࡂểἑᇼ✒∸ࡡࢪࢷ࣭ࢩฦࡄࢅ⾔࠷ࠉ᮶༞ᴗểᗃ㧏ᗐṹ㝭Ⓩ ࡞ୖࡊࡒྊ⬗ᛮࢅ♟ࡊࡒࠊࡐࡊ࡙ࠉࡆࡡểᗃ㧏ᗐࡡୖ࣊ࣤࢹ࡞ᖳ㍀ࢅ࠻ࡾࡒࡴࠉᇱ┑ᒷ࣬ ㏖Ꮔ▴ムᩩࢅ⏕࠷࡙⾪㟻㟚ฝᖳῼᏽࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊᒷ▴ࡡ๑ฌ⌦ࢅࢼ࣭ࣖࢩ࣭ࣚࣤࢺࡡ࢜ࣤࢰ࣭࣊ࣛኬ Ꮥ࡚ࠉ10Be ࡡຊ㏷ჹ㈹㔖ฦᯊࢅ Geological Nuclear Science, NZ ࡚⾔࠷ࠉ゛ 24 ᆀⅤ࡞࠽ࡄࡾリ⣵⾪㟻 㟚ฝᖳೋࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡊࡒࠊࡆࡡ⤎ᯕࡢࠉểἑᇼ✒∸ࡡ㢴ᗐࢪࢷ࣭ࢩฦࡄ࡛㟸ᖏ࡞ᩒྙⓏ࡚࠵ࡽࠉ ࢬ࣭ࣜ࣬ࣞࣤࢱ࣭ࢾᒜᆀ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ᮶༞ᴗểᗃ㧏ᗐࠉ㐛ཡ 200 ᖳ㛣࡞⣑ 700 m ୖࡊࡒྊ⬗ᛮ㧏 ࠷ࡆ࡛ࠉ≁࡞᛬⃥ểᗃ㧏ᗐୖ୯᭞᩺ୠ࡞㉫ࡀࡒࡆ࡛ࢅ♟ࡌࠊୌ᪁ࠉࢪࢷ࣭ࢩ 1,2 ࡞ᑊᚺࡌࡾ ểἑᇼ✒∸㓗⣪ྜྷనమࢪࢷ࣭ࢩ 5 ௧㜾ࡡῺᬦ࡞ᇼ✒ࡊࡒࡆ࡛ࠉࡈࡼ࡞ࠉ᭩⤂ể㸝LGM㸞௧㜾࡚ ࡢểἑᇼ✒∸ࡡᇼ✒⣑ 14 ka ௧㜾࡞ጙࡱࡖࡒࡆ࡛᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡖࡒࠊࡆࡡࡢࠉ᮶༞ᴗểᗃࡡ⼝ゆ ࡢ Meltwater Pulse 1A (Clark et al., 2002)ࡡ᛬⃥ධ⌣ⓏᾇỀ‵ࡡ୕᪴࡞ࡢᐞࡊ࡙࠽ࡼࡍࠉࡐࡡᚃࠉ⥾ ࡷ࠾࡞⼝ゆࢅࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ♟ࡊࠉࡡ᮶༞ᴗểᗃ࠾ࡼሒ࿈ࡈࡿࡒ⤎ᯕ㸝Mackintosh et al., 2007; 2011㸞 Ѹ 120Ѹ ― 125 ― ࡛ᩒྙⓏ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ ᣦᡋⓏⴄⰾ◂✪ ①୯ᮟ ༜ྒྷ ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯㔘ᒌཋᏄᒒࡡ㏳ಘฺ⏕ࡡᣦᡋѸ 㐪㝰ᆀ↋⥲㏳ಘ࡛㉰㧏ᒒኬẴびῼࡡ୦❟ࢅࡴࡉࡊ࡙Ѹ ◂✪㛣㸯ᖲᠺ 22ࠤ23 ᖳᗐ ᡜහ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽㸯ࡊ ᡜአ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽ᩐ㸯0 ྞ ⤊㈕㸯├⤊㈕ 1,800,000 ළ 㛣⤊㈕ 0ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ࡡࢾࢴࢹ♣ఌ࡞࠽࠷࡙㏳ಘࢾࢴࢹ࣭࣠ࢠࡡ↋࠷⏍Ὡࡢ౼⮫ᴗ࡚࠵ࡾࠉᆀ⌣ධమ࠾ࡼずࡿ ࡣࢾࢴࢹ࣭࣠ࢠࡢ࠽ࢀ࠾㞹ヨ⦽ࡼ࠷ᆀᇡṜ࡚࠵ࡾࠊୠ⏲ᆀࡡびῼࢦࢹ࡚びῼࢅࡌࡾᆀ ⌣ᝠ᫅⛁Ꮥ࡚ࡢࠉࡆࡡࡊࡣࡊࡣ㔔ኬᅏ㞬࡛ࡾࠊᮇ◂✪࡚ࡢࠉ㧏ᗐ 100 km ㎾ࡡ㉰㧏ᒒኬẴ ୖ❻࡞࠵ࡾ㔘ᒌཋᏄᒒ࡞࣭ࣝࢧ࣭ࢅ↯ᑏࡊ࡙ࠉ㐪㝰ᆀ(㊝㞫 100-200km)࡛ࡡක㏳ಘࢅ⾔࠹Ⓠ᱄ࢅࡊࠉ ࡆࡿࡱ࡚ࡡ㔘ᒌཋᏄᒒࡡびῼ◂✪ᠺᯕ࠾ࡼࡐࡡᇱ♇シ゛ࢅࡊ࡙ࠉ⌟᭯シങࢅὩ⏕ࡊ࡙ᐁチᐁ㥺ࢅ⾔࠹ࠊ ࡐࡡఎᦑ≁ᛮࢅ᳠ゞࡊࠉ ࠔ᩺ࡊ࠷↋⥲㏳ಘᡥṹ࡛㉰㧏ᒒびῼ࣓ࢼࢰ࣭ࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࠕ୦❟ࡊࡒ㏳ಘ࣬びῼ ࢾࢴࢹ࣭࣠ࢠࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࢅᥞ᱄ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡌࡾࠊ ◂✪ᐁ⦴ ᮇ◂✪࡚ࡢࠉ㧏ᗐ 100 km ㎾ࡡ㉰㧏ᒒኬẴୖ❻࡞࠵ࡾ㔘ᒌཋᏄᒒ࡞࣭ࣝࢧ࣭ࢅ↯ᑏࡊ࡙ࠉ㐪㝰ᆀ(㊝ 㞫 100-200km)࡛ࡡක㏳ಘࢅ⾔࠹Ⓠ᱄ࢅࡊࠉࡆࡿࡱ࡚ࡡ㔘ᒌཋᏄᒒࡡびῼ◂✪ᠺᯕ࠾ࡼࡐࡡᇱ♇シ゛ࢅ ࡊ࡙ࠉ⌟᭯シങࢅὩ⏕ࡊ࡙ᐁチᐁ㥺ࢅ⾔࠹ࠊࡐࡡఎᦑ≁ᛮࢅ᳠ゞࡊࠉ ࠔ᩺ࡊ࠷↋⥲㏳ಘᡥṹ࡛㉰㧏ᒒび ῼ࣓ࢼࢰ࣭ࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࠕ୦❟ࡊࡒ㏳ಘ࣬びῼࢾࢴࢹ࣭࣠ࢠࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࢅᥞ᱄ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡌࡾࠊ 㸦㸞ንᚗㄢ㒂ࡡ㛜Ⓠ ༖ᑙమ࣭ࣝࢧ࣭➴㸸㹌࣭ࣝࢧ࣭ࢅ⏕࠷࡙㉰㧏ᒒኬẴびῼ࠽ࡻࡦࢸ࣭ࢰ㏳ಘࢅ⾔ ࠹ࡒࡴࡡࣂࣜࢪንㄢ᪁ᘟࢅ᳠ゞࡊࠉንㄢ⏕ࡡโᚒ⨠ࢅシ゛ࡊ࡙ᑙථࡊࡒࠊ 㸧㸞㏞ུಘࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࡡโᚒ ࣭ࣝࢧ࣭ࣄ࣭࣑ࡡ᪁ྡྷུ࡛ಘ᭻㐪㙶ࡡ᪁ྡྷࢅḿ☔࡞ྙࢂࡎࠉ࠾ࡗこ ᖱῦ࣬㞟㡚ࢅ᭩ᑚ࡞ࡌࡾࡒࡴࡡ᳠ゞࢅࠉࢤࣞࣚࢺᕗ❟ኬᏕ࡛ࡡ༝ງ࡚⾔ࡖࡒࠊࡱࡒࡆࡡࡒࡴࡡུಘ᭻ 㐪㙶࡛࣏ࣤࢹࢅᑙථࡊࡒࠊち㔕ྙࢂࡎࡡᐁ㥺࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡢࠉื⤊㈕࡚‵ങ୯ࡡ࣭ࣝࢧ࣭ࡡᑙථ㐔ࡿ ࡒࡒࡴࠉḗᖳᗐࡡ᪡࠷࡞ᐁ᪃ࡌࡾᏽ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ 㸨㸞⥪ྙム㥺࡛ᑑᮮࢨࢪࢷ࣑ᥞ᱄ ᑑᮮࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࡡᥞ᱄ࡡࡒࡴࡡㄢᰕ࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉ㸸㹌࣭ࣝࢧ࣭ࡡࣁ ࢪࢰࢷࢴࢠ㏞ུ࡞ࡻࡽ゛ῼྊ⬗∸⌦㔖ࡷ⢥ᗐࡡ᳠ゞࠉྊ⬗ࢦ࢙ࣤࢪㄚ㢗➴ࡡㄢᰕ᳠ゞࢅ⾔ࡖ ࡒࠊㄚ㢗 2ࠉ3 ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡢࠉࢤࣞࣚࢺᕗ❟ኬࡡ She ᩅᐂဤ࡛ࡊ࡙ᅗ❟ᴗᆀ◂࡞ᅹࡊ࡙࠷ࡾ㛣࡞㞗 ୯Ⓩ࡞ᒈ㛜ࡊ࡙ࠉ௧୕࡞◂✪ࢅ㐅ᒈࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࡀࡒࠊࡆࡿࡼࡡᠺᯕࡡୌ㒂ࡢࡌ࡚࡞ㄵᩝᢖ✇ࡊࠉ ུ⌦ࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ௧୕ࡡࡻ࠹࡞ᮇ◂✪ㄚ㢗ࡢࠉㄚ㢗࡞ࡻࡽⱕᖱࡡ㐅ࡲ㐔ࡿ࠵ࡾࠉධమ࡛ࡊ࡙㡨ㄢ ࡞㐅ᒈࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ ⱕᡥ◂✪(S) ①ᕖᮟ ㈴ ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯༞ᴗểᗃࢤฦᯊ࡛Ẵು࣓ࢸࣛࣤࢡ࡞ᇱࡘࡂể࣬㛣ểࡡẴುንິ࣒࢜ࢼࢫ࣑ࡡゆ᪺ ◂✪㛣㸯ᖲᠺ 21ࠤ25 ᖳᗐ Ѹ 121Ѹ ― 126 ― ᡜහ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽㸯ࡊ ᡜአ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽ᩐ㸯0 ྞ ⤊㈕㸯├⤊㈕ 16,300,000 ළ 㛣⤊㈕ 4,890,000 ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ༞ᴗࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋểᗃࢤ࡞ྱࡱࡿࡾ✭Ẵࡡฦᯊ࡞ࡻࡽࠉᏰ᩺ୠ㸝⌟ᅹࡡ㛣ể㸞࠽ࡻࡦ㐛ཡࡡ㛣ể ࡛ࡐࡡ๑ᚃ࡞࠽ࡄࡾኬẴ୯ࡡ㓗⅛⣪ࠉ࣒ࢰࣤࠉୌ㓗✽⣪ࡡ⃨ᗐࢅ㧏㛣ฦゆ⬗࡚ᚗඔࡌࡾࠊ ࡱࡒࠉᕵ࢝ࢪࡡฦᯊ࠾ࡼ㐛ཡࡡኬẴ୯ࡡࢠࣛࣈࢹࣤ࠽ࡻࡦ࢞ࢬࢿ⃨ࣤᗐࢅᚗඔࡊࠉᾇỀࡡ⁈ゆᗐࡡ Ὼᗐ౪Ꮛᛮ࡞ᇱࡘࡀࠉ㐛ཡ 15 ᖳ⛤ᗐࡡ㛣ࡡ࣊ࣤࢹ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉධ⌣ᖲᆍᾇỀῺࢅᚗඔࡌࡾࠊࡈ ࡼ࡞ࠉ㓗⣪/✽⣪Ẓࢅῼᏽࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡽࠉểᗃࢤࡡᖳỬᏽࢅ㧏⢥ᗐࡌࡾࠊࡆࡿࡼࡡ⤎ᯕ࠾ࡼࠉ ể-㛣ểࡡẴು㐼⛛࡞࠽ࡄࡾẴῺ࡛ᾇỀῺࠉᾇ㟻ንິࠉῺᐄຝᯕẴమࠉᆀ⌣㌮㐠こ⣪࡛ࡡ㛣ࡡ 㛣㛭౿ࢅḿ☔࡞ᢍᥩࡌࡾ࡛࡛ࡵ࡞ࠉᚋࡼࡿࡾࢸ࣭ࢰࢅẴು࣬ểᗃ࣬⅛⣪ᚘ⎌࣓ࢸࣛࣤࢡὩ⏕ࡌࡾࡆ ࡛࡚ࠉẴುንິ࡛ểᗃንິࠉ⅛⣪ᚘ⎌ንິࡡ࣒࢜ࢼࢫ࣑࡞㛭ࡌࡾ᩺ࡒ▩ずࢅᚋࡾࠊ ◂✪ᐁ⦴ H23 ᖳᗐ⧖㉲ࡡࡒࡴᐁ⦴ࡊࠊ ᕖᮟ ㈴㸝21 ᖳᗐ⧖ࡽ㉲ࡊฦ㸞 ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯༞ᴗểᗃࢤฦᯊ࡛Ẵು࣓ࢸࣛࣤࢡ࡞ᇱࡘࡂể࣬㛣ểࡡẴುንິ࣒࢜ࢼࢫ࣑ࡡゆ᪺ ◂✪㛣㸯ᖲᠺ 21~25 ᖳᗐ ᡜහ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽㸯ࡊ ᡜአ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽ᩐ㸯0 ྞ ⤊㈕㸯├⤊㈕ 33,800,000 ළ 㛣⤊㈕ 10,140,000 ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ༞ᴗࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋểᗃࢤ࡞ྱࡱࡿࡾ✭Ẵࡡฦᯊ࡞ࡻࡽࠉᏰ᩺ୠ㸝⌟ᅹࡡ㛣ể㸞࠽ࡻࡦ㐛ཡࡡ㛣ể ࡛ࡐࡡ๑ᚃ࡞࠽ࡄࡾኬẴ୯ࡡ㓗⅛⣪ࠉ࣒ࢰࣤࠉୌ㓗✽⣪ࡡ⃨ᗐࢅ㧏㛣ฦゆ⬗࡚ᚗඔࡌࡾࠊ ࡱࡒࠉᕵ࢝ࢪࡡฦᯊ࠾ࡼ㐛ཡࡡኬẴ୯ࡡࢠࣛࣈࢹࣤ࠽ࡻࡦ࢞ࢬࢿ⃨ࣤᗐࢅᚗඔࡊࠉᾇỀࡡ⁈ゆᗐࡡ Ὼᗐ౪Ꮛᛮ࡞ᇱࡘࡀࠉ㐛ཡ 15 ᖳ⛤ᗐࡡ㛣ࡡ࣊ࣤࢹ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉධ⌣ᖲᆍᾇỀῺࢅᚗඔࡌࡾࠊࡈ ࡼ࡞ࠉ㓗⣪/✽⣪Ẓࢅῼᏽࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡽࠉểᗃࢤࡡᖳỬᏽࢅ㧏⢥ᗐࡌࡾࠊࡆࡿࡼࡡ⤎ᯕ࠾ࡼࠉ ể-㛣ểࡡẴು㐼⛛࡞࠽ࡄࡾẴῺ࡛ᾇỀῺࠉᾇ㟻ንິࠉῺᐄຝᯕẴమࠉᆀ⌣㌮㐠こ⣪࡛ࡡ㛣ࡡ 㛣㛭౿ࢅḿ☔࡞ᢍᥩࡌࡾ࡛࡛ࡵ࡞ࠉᚋࡼࡿࡾࢸ࣭ࢰࢅẴು࣬ểᗃ࣬⅛⣪ᚘ⎌࣓ࢸࣛࣤࢡὩ⏕ࡌࡾࡆ ࡛࡚ࠉẴುንິ࡛ểᗃንິࠉ⅛⣪ᚘ⎌ንິࡡ࣒࢜ࢼࢫ࣑࡞㛭ࡌࡾ᩺ࡒ▩ずࢅᚋࡾࠊ ◂✪ᐁ⦴ 㸦㸣Ὼᐄຝᯕ࢝ࢪᚗඔ࡛ᖳỬᏽ ᑛ㔖ムᩩ࡞ࡻࡾ㧏⢥ᗐฦᯊࢅྊ⬗࡛ࡌࡾࡒࡴࠉᴗᆀ◂࡞࢝ࢪࢠ࣏ࣞࢹࢡࣚࣆࢅ㉆ථࡊࠉムᩩࡡㇿᅸ ᑙථࢅྊ⬗࡛ࡌࡾࡒࡴࡡᨭ㏸࡞╌ᡥࡊࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉ✭Ẵฝ⨠ࡡ⿿షࢅ㛜ጙࡊࡒࠊẒ㍉Ⓩὰ࠷ᗐࡡ ࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋࢤࡡ CO2 ⃨ᗐ࡛ O2/N2 ࡡฦᯊࢅ᮶ኬᏕኬẴᾇὊንິびῼ◂✪ࢬࣤࢰ࣭ࡡ⌟᭯シങࢅ⏕ ࠷࡙ᐁ᪃ࡌࡾࡒࡴࠉฝ࣬ฦᯊ⨠ࡷᡥἪࢅᩒങࡊࡒࠊ✭ẴࡡᖳỬᏽࡡ㧏⢥ᗐࡡࡒࡴࠉࣆࣚࣤࢪ ểἑ⎌ሾ∸⌦◂✪ᡜᡜ᭯ࡌࡾ㧏㏷ゆᯊ⨠࡞࡙࣒ࢰ⃨ࣤᗐࢅ 1ࠤ5 ᖳ๑ࡡ㛣࡞࠽࠷࡙⣑ 200ࠤ 300 ᖳࡡ㛣ฦゆ⬗࡚ฦᯊࡊࡒࠊ Ѹ 122Ѹ ― 127 ― 㸧㸣ᕵ࢝ࢪฦᯊ࡞ࡻࡾᾇỀῺᚗඔ ᾇỀῺᚗඔ࡞ࡢ㐛ཡࡡኬẴ୯ࡡࢠࣛࣈࢹࣤࡷ࢞ࢬࢿࣤࡡ⃨ᗐᚗඔᚪこ࡚࠵ࡾࠊࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋểᗃࢤ ࡡฦᯊ࡞ࡻࡽࢠࣛࣈࢹࣤ࠽ࡻࡦ࢞ࢬࢿ⃨ࣤᗐࢅᚗඔࡌࡾࡒࡴࡡ๑ᥞ᮪௲࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉ⌟ᅹࡡ㞯ᒒ㸝ࣆ ࣜࣤ㸞࡞࠽ࡄࡾ✭Ẵᠺฦࡡ㍲㏞࣬Ίྙ࣬ฦ㞫㐛⛤ࢅḿ☔࡞▩ࡾᚪこ࠵ࡾࠊࡐࡡࡒࡴࠉ༞ᴗࢺ࣭࣑ࡨ ࡋ࡞࠽ࡄࡾࣆࣜࣤ✭Ẵࡡ㞗࠽ࡻࡦὰᒒࢤᤸ๎ࠉῺᗐࣈࣞࣆࣜῼᏽࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊ 㸨㸣Ẵು࣓ࢸࣜ࡞ࡻࡾểࢦࢠࣜࡡ࣒࢜ࢼࢫ࣑◂✪ ฝ∟ࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋểᗃࢤ࡛࣍ࢪࢹ࣭ࢠࢤࡡ O2/N2 ᖳࢅ⏕࠷࡙ࠉểᗃ࣓ࢸࣜࢅ㛏㛣 ✒ฦࡌࡾࡒࡴࡡථງࢸ࣭ࢰ࡛ࡾ CO2 ⃨ᗐ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉ⌟ᅹฺ⏕࡚ࡀࡾࢸ࣭ࢰࢅࢤࣤࣂࣜࡊᩒങࡊࡒࠊ ⣑ 40 ᖳ㛣ࡡểᗃࢨ࣐࣭ࣖࣝࢨࣘࣤࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࠉ༖⌣ࡡኚᑏࡡᙁโງࡡࡲ࡚ 10 ᖳ࿔ࡡể ࢦࢠࣜⓆ⌟ࡊ࠹ࡾ࡛࠷࠹ิ⤎ᯕࢅᚋࡒࠊ10 ᖳ࿔ࡡⓆ⌟࡞ᯕࡒࡌ㌮㐠こ⣪ࠉᆀṾንᙟࣈࣞࢬ ࢪࠉῺᐄຝᯕ࢝ࢪࡡᙲ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙⩻ᐳࡊࡒࠊ ⱕᡥ◂✪(A) ①ῳ㎮ బᇱ ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯㧏ฦゆ⬗⾔ິࢸ࣭ࢰ࡞ᇱࡘࡂᴗᅥ㧏ḗᤍ㣏ິ∸ࡡ⎌ሾᚺ➽ゆ᪺ ◂✪㛣㸯ᖲᠺ 21ࠤ24 ᖳᗐ ᡜහ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽㸯ࡊ ᡜአ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽ᩐ㸯0 ྞ ⤊㈕㸯├⤊㈕ 3,800,000 ළ 㛣⤊㈕ 1,140,000 ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ᴗᅥࡡẴῺࠉỀῺࠉᾇểᐠᗐࡡ∸⌦⎌ሾࠉࡆࡆᩐ༎ᖳ࡚᛬⃥࡞ንࡊࡒࡆ࡛ࡢࡻࡂ▩ࡼࡿ ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡊ࠾ࡊࠉࡐ࠹ࡊࡒን㔕⏍ິ∸࡞࠻ࡾᙫ㡢࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡢࠉ࡛ࢆฦ࠾ࡖ࡙࠷࠷ࠊᮇ◂ ✪࡚ࡢࠉᴗᅥࡡኬ㧏ḗᤍ㣏ິ∸࡚࠵ࡾ࣌ࢴ࢞ࣘࢠࢡ࣏࡛ࢼࢨ࢛ࣤࢸࣤࢧ࣒࡞㧏ฦゆ⬗ࢸ࣭ࢰࣞ࢝ ࣭࠽ࡻࡦ࣒࣭࢜ࣚࣞ࢝ࢅཱིࡽࡄࠉࢠ࣏ࡡࡻ࠹࡞ᾇểࢅฺ⏕ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾ࠾ࠉࢦ࣒ࡡࡻ࠹ᾇὊ ⎌ሾࢅ㐽ᢝࡊ࡙࠷ࡾ࠾ࠉᙴࡼࡡ⾔ິࣂࢰ࣭ࣤࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࠊࡐࡿࡼࡡሒ࡞ࠉ࣓࣭ࣛࢹࢬࣤࢨ ࣤࢡ࠾ࡼᚋࡼࡿࡒ㛏㛣ࡡ⎌ሾሒࢅ⤄ࡲ㎰ࡳࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡽࠉᴗᅥ࡞࠽ࡄࡾᤍ㣏ິ∸ࡡ⎌ሾᚺ➽࣓ࢸ ࣜࢅᵋ⠇ࡌࡾࠊ࣓ࢸࣜࢅ⏕࠷࡙㐛ཡࡡẴುንິࡡᙫ㡢ࢅビ౮ࡊࠉࡱࡒᑑᮮࡡᙫ㡢ࢅῼࡌࡾࠊ ◂✪ᐁ⦴ ࢼࢨ࢛ࣤࢸࣤࢧ࣒ࡡ⾔ິࢸ࣭ࢰࡡゆᯊࢅ㐅ࡴࠉㄵᩝࢅᇮ➱ࡊࡒࠊᮇ⛸ࡡ㐗ὃ㏷ᗐ㸝0.34ࠤ0.73 m/s㸞ࡢ ࡱ࡚࡞ῼᏽࡈࡿࡒኬᆵ㨮⛸㸝࢜ࢩ࢞ࠉࢲࣘࢧ࣒ࠉ࣏ࣤ࣍ࠉࢦ࣒➴㸞࡞Ẓ࡙ⴥࡊࡂ㐔࠾ࡖࡒࠊࡱ ࡒࠉᑹࡦࡿࡡᣲິᩐ㸝0.15 Hz㸞ࡵྜྷࢦࢫࡡࡡᾇὊິ∸࡞Ẓ࡙㐔࠾ࡖࡒࠊࡆ࠹ࡊࡒ⥾ះິࡀࡢࠉ Ὼᗐୖ࡞ࡻࡾㅨ㏷ᗐࡷ➵⫏⦨㏷ᗐࡡୖ㸝Q10ຝᯕ㸞ࢅ⩻៎ࡌࡾ࡛ᏽ㔖Ⓩ࡞ㄕ᪺࡚ࡀࡒࠊࡊࡒ ࡖ࡙ࠉᮇ⛸ࡢỀῺ࡞ᑊࡊ࡙≁Ṟ㐲ᚺࢅࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࢂࡄ࡚ࡢࡂࠉࡳࡊࢀỀῺࡡᙫ㡢ࢅࡱ࡛ࡵ࡞ུࡄ ࡙࠷ࡾ࡛⩻࠻ࡼࡿࡒࠊᾇὊິ∸ࡡ⾔ິỀῺ࡞࠹ᙫ㡢ࡈࡿࡾ࠾ࡢࠉẴುንິࡡࣤࣂࢠࢹࢅ゛㔖ࡌ ࡾࡒࡴࡡ⥥᛬ࡡ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡚࠵ࡾࠉ࠷ࡱࡱ࡚ࡢ㣣⫩⎌ሾୖ࡚ࡊ࠾ㄢࡼࡿ࡙࠷࠷ࠊᮇ◂✪࡚ࡢิࡴ࡙ ᴗᾇࡡ㨮㢦ࡡ㐗ὃ⬗ງࢅῼᏽࡊࠉỀῺࡡᙫ㡢ࢅ⩻ᐳࡊࡒࠊࡆࡡㄵᩝࡢᏰᠺ࡞㎾࠷࡙࠽ࡽࠉ23ᖳᗐࡡ ᪡࠷ṹ㝭࡞Journal of Experimental Biology࡞ᢖ✇ᏽ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ ࢦ࣒ࡡ㐗ὃ⬗ງ࡛ỀῺࡡ㛭౿ࢅࡻࡽ᪺▉࡞♟ࡌࡒࡴ࡞ࠉῺᖈᇡࡡ࢛࢛࣒ࢩࣞࢧ࣒ࡡ㐗ὃ⬗ງࢅ゛ῼࡌ ࡾࣆ࣭ࣜࢺㄢᰕࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊࡊ࠾ࡊࠉᘇ⦎ࢅ2㐄㛣㏻⤾ࡊ࡙᤻ࡄࡒࡡ࡞ࡵ㛭ࢂࡼࡍࠉṟᛍࡼ࢛࢛ Ѹ 123Ѹ ― 128 ― ࣒ࢩࣞࢧ࣒ࡢୌ༆ࡵᤍ⋋ࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࡀ࠾ࡖࡒࠊ ࣌ࢴ࢞ࣘࢠࢡ࣏ࡡࣆ࣭ࣜࢺㄢᰕࢅ 23 ᖳᗐࡡ 4 ᭮࡞ᐁ᪃ࡌࡂࠉࢿ࣭ࣜ࢘ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜࡡ Jon Aars ༡ኃ࡛ᐠ࡞㏻⤙ࢅཱིࡽྙ࠷ࠉࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭ࣞ࢝ࡡࢷࢪࢹࡷวࡽ㞫ࡊ⨠ࡡࡒࡴࡡᾃງమࡡว๎ຊᕝ➴ࠉ‵ ങࢅ㐅ࡴࡒࠊ ⱕᡥ◂✪(B) ①አ⏛ ᬓ༐ ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯ḗ㖌∸࡞╌┘ࡊࡒ㧏Ὼࠤ㉰㧏Ὼንᠺష⏕ࡡゆᯊ࡛ᖳㄵ࡛ࡡࣛࣤࢠ ◂✪㛣㸯ᖲᠺ 20ࠤ22 ᖳᗐ ᡜහ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽㸯ࡊ ᡜአ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽ᩐ㸯0 ྞ ⤊㈕㸯├⤊㈕ 900,000 ළ 㛣⤊㈕ 270,000 ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ 㧏Ὼንᠺᒷ࠽ࡻࡦ㛭㏻ࡌࡾℾᠺᒷ㢦࡞ྱࡱࡿࡾḗ㖌∸㸤ᠺฦ㖌∸࡞╌┘ࡊ࡙ࠉንᠺష⏕࠽ࡻࡦ ᆀṾࡡ⼝ゆష⏕࡞ఔ࠹᚜㔖ඔ⣪ࠉ≁࡞ ZrࠉTiࠉUࠉUࠉThࠉᕵᅰ㢦ඔ⣪ࡡᆀṾහ㒂࡚ࡡᣪິࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾ ࡞ࡌࡾࠊࡐࡡࡒࡴ࡞ࠉ㞹Ꮔ⥲࣏ࢠࣞࣈ࣭ࣞࣇ㸝EPMA㸞ࡼࡦ࡞ḗ࢛ࣤ㈹㔖ฦᯊ゛㸝SHRIMP㸞 ࢅ⏕࠷࡙こ㖌∸୯ࡡ᚜㔖ඔ⣪ࡼࡦ࡞ᠺฦ㖌∸୯ࡡこඔ⣪ࡡฦᯊࢅ࠽ࡆ࠷ࠉU-Th-Pb ᖳῼ ᏽ࡞ࡻࡾ㛣㍀࡛࠵ࢂࡎࡒゆᯊ࡞ࡻࡖ࡙ࠉ᚜㔖ඔ⣪ࢅྱ᭯ࡌࡾ㖌∸࣏ࣝ࣊ࣜ࣬ࢠ࡚ࣞࣝ࣊ࣜࡡඔ⣪ ᣪິࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࠊࡐࡡࡒࡴ࡞ᚪこฦᯊ⨠ࡡ᭩㐲ῼᏽ᮪௲ࡡ᳠ゞࢅ࠽ࡆ࠹ࠊ ◂✪ᐁ⦴ ᮇᖳᗐࡢ⤽⤾୯ࡡᒷ▴ムᩩࡡゆᯊ࡞ࡻࡖ࡙௧ୖࡡ◂✪ᠺᯕࢅᚋࡾ࡛࡛ࡵ࡞ࠉᮇ◂✪ㄚ㢗ࡡ᭩⤂ᖳ࡛ࡊ ࡙ࡐࡡ◂✪ᠺᯕⓆ⾪ࢅ࠽ࡆࡖࡒࠊ 㸦㸣ᫎᖳᗐ࡞ᘤࡀ⤾ࡀࠉ༞ᴗ⏐ንᠺᒷムᩩ୯ࡡᠺฦ㖌∸ࡡゆᯊࢅࡌࡌࡴࡒࠊ≁࡞ࠉ༞ᴗࢬ࣭ࣜࣞࣤࢱ ࣭ࢾᒜᆀࠉࢻࣅᒷమࠉ࢙ࣚࣜㅎᓞࠉ࡛࠷ࡖࡒᙟᠺ᮪௲ࡡ␏ࡾᒷ▴ムᩩࡡࢸ࣭ࢰࡡẒ㍉ࠉࡱࡒࠉ ንᠺᗐࡡムᩩ࡛ࡊ࡙༞ᴗ࠾ࡼࡡ㏻⤾ᛮᣞᦤࡈࡿࡾࣤࢺ༞㒂ࡡኯཿࢱ࣭࣭ࣜ࣠ࣜᒷమࡡᆀ㈹ㄢᰕ ࢅ࠽ࡆࡖࡒࠊ 㸧㸣ᆀ⌣ᝠ᫅⛁Ꮥ㏻ྙኬఌ࡞࠽࠷࡙ࠉ༞ᴗ࢙ࣚࣜㅎᓞࡡ࣒࣭ࢧ࣭㉰㧏Ὼንᠺᒷ୯ࡡᠺฦ㖌∸㸝ࢩࣜ ࢤࣤࠉ࣓ࢻࢧࢹࠉࣂࢰࢹ㸞ࡡᣪິ࡞㛭ࡌࡾ◂✪Ⓠ⾪ࢅ࠽ࡆࡖࡒࠊ 㸨㸣➠20ᅂᅗ㝷㖌∸Ꮥఌ⥪ఌ㸝20th General Meeting of International Mineralogical Association㸞ࠉཀྵࡦࠉ ᮇᆀ㈹ᏕఌᏕ⾙ኬఌ࡞࠽࠷࡙ࠉ༞ᴗࢬ࣭ࣜࣞࣤࢱ࣭ࢾᒜᆀ࡞⏐ࡌࡾ㧏Ὼንᠺᒷ୯ࡡࢤࣚࣤࢱ࣑࡛▴ⱝࡡ භ⏍࡛㛭㏻ࡌࡾゆᯊ⤎ᯕࡡ◂✪Ⓠ⾪ࢅ࠽ࡆࡖࡒࠊ 㸩㸣ᮇ㖌∸⛁Ꮥఌᖳఌ࡞࠽࠷࡙ࠉ༞ᴗࢻࣅᒷమ࡞⏐ࡌࡾ㉰㧏Ὼንᠺᒷ୯ࡡࢩࣜࢤࣤࡡහ㒂ᵋ㏸࡛ Ꮥ⤄ᠺࡡ≁ᚡ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉ᭩᩺ࡡ◂✪Ⓠ⾪ࢅ࠽ࡆࡖࡒࠊ 㸪㸣ࣤࢺ࡚࠽ࡆࢂࡿࡒ࢜ࣤࣇࣛຊᆀ㈹ᅗ㝷ࢨࣤ࣎ࢩ࣑࣬ࣆ࣭ࣜࢺ࣭࣠ࢠࢨࣘࢴࣈ 㸝International Symposium on Precambrian Accretionary Orogens and Field Workshop in the Dharwar craton㸞 ࡞࠽࠷࡙ࠉ༞ᴗࢻࣅᒷమࡡንᠺᒓṌ࡞㛭ࡌࡾ⥪ᣋⓏ◂✪Ⓠ⾪࡛ࣤࢺ༞㒂ࢱ࣭࣭ࣜ࣠ࣜᒷమᆀᇡ ࡚ࡡ㔕አᆀ㈹ゞㄵ࡞ཤຊࡊࡒࠊ Ѹ 124Ѹ ― 129 ― 㝧 ②ಲඔ ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯༞ᴗහ㝛ᆀᇡࡡỀ࠽ࡻࡦ∸㈹ࡡ㍲㏞࣬ᇼ✒㐛⛤ࡡ◂✪ ◂✪㛣㸯ᖲᠺ 21ࠤ22 ᖳᗐ ᡜහ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽㸯ࡊ ᡜአ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽ᩐ㸯0 ྞ ⤊㈕㸯├⤊㈕ 1,300,000 ළ 㛣⤊㈕ 390,000 ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ༞ᴗ࡚ࡢࠉἚᓃᇡ࠾ࡼහ㝛ᆀᇡྡྷ࠾ࡖ࡙ᾇሲ⏜ᮮࡡ∸㈹㍲㏞ࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࠊୌ᪁ࠉහ㝛ᆀᇡ࡚ࡢ ᠺᒒᅥ࠾ࡼ├ểᗃᏕ∸㈹㍲㏞ࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࠊἚᓃᇡ࡛හ㝛ᆀᇡ࡚ࡢỀࡡᾨ㣬㔖␏ࡾࡒࡴࠉ ༞ᴗࡡ⾪㟻✒㞯ࡢᆀᇡ࡞ࡻࡖ࡙Ꮥ≁ᛮ␏ࡾ࡛⩻࠻ࡼࡿࡾࠊ㛣ể࡚࠵ࡾ⌟࡞࠽࠷࡙ࠉỀⵠẴ ࡷ㞯࡞ྱࡱࡿࡾᏕ∸㈹ࡡࡻ࠹࡞ᴗᇡ㍲㏞ࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾ࠾࡛࠷࠹∸㈹ᚘ⎌㐛⛤ࢅ▩ࡾࡆ࡛ࡢࠉ㐛 ཡࡡẴುንິࢅゆ᪺ࡌࡾ࠹࠻࡚ࡵ㔔こ࡚࠵ࡾࠊᮇ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡚ࡢࠉἚᓃᇡ࠾ࡼහ㝛ᆀᇡ㛣ࡡỀ࠽ࡻࡦ Ꮥ∸㈹ࡡ㍲㏞⤊㊨ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾ࡛࡛ࡵ࡞ࠉᆀⅤࡇ࡛ࡡ∸㈹ࡡᖳ㛣ỷ╌㔖ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘ Ⓩ࡛ࡌࡾࠊ ◂✪ᐁ⦴ ᴗᇡ࡚ᤸ๎ࡈࡿࡒểᗃࢤࢅ⏕࠷࡙㐛ཡࡡẴುንິࢅリࡊࡂゆ᪺ࡌࡾࡒࡴ࡞ࡢࠉ㛣ể࡛⩻࠻ࡼࡿ ࡾ⌟࡞࠽࠷࡙ࠉỀⵠẴࡷ㞯࡞ྱࡱࡿࡾᏕ∸㈹ࡡࡻ࠹࡞ᴗᇡ㍲㏞ࡈࡿࡾ࠾࡛࠷࠹∸㈹ᚘ⎌㐛 ⛤ࢅ▩ࡾࡆ࡛㔔こ࡚࠵ࡾࠊᮇ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡚ࡢࠉἚᓃᇡ࠾ࡼහ㝛ᆀᇡ㛣ࡡỀ࠽ࡻࡦᏕ∸㈹ࡡ㍲㏞⤊ ㊨ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾ࡛࡛ࡵ࡞ࠉ∸㈹ࡡᖳ㛣ỷ╌㔖ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࡆ࡛┘Ⓩ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ༞ᴗᆀᇡびῼ㝪࡞ ࡻࡖ࡙ࠉࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋ࣭ࣜࢹ୕ཱི࡚ࡈࡿࡒ⾪㟻✒㞯ムᩩࡡỀࡡᏭᏽྜྷనమẒࡷᏕᠺฦ⃨ᗐࡡῼᏽ ࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊᴗᇡࡡ㞯ểムᩩࡡࡻ࠹࡞Ꮥᠺฦࢅࢂࡍ࠾ࡊ࠾ྱࢆ࡚࠷࠷Ềムᩩࡡ pH ࡷ㞹Ẵఎᑙᗐࢅ ḿ☔࡞ῼᏽࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࡢ㞬ࡊ࠷ࠊࡐࡆ࡚ࠉᚉᮮ࡛Ẓ࡙ᑛ࠷ムᩩ㔖࡚ḿ☔࡞ῼᏽ࡚ࡀࡾࡻ࠹࡞ࢬࣤࢦ ࣭ࡡᨭⰃࢅ⾔࠷ࠉ⢥ᗐⰃࡂῼᏽ࡚ࡀࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ☔࠾ࡴࡒࠊࡆࡡ᪁Ἢࢅ⏕࠷࡙ࠉ༞ᴗἚᓃ࠾ࡼࢺ࣭ ࣑ࡨࡋ㛣ࡡ࣭ࣜࢹ୕ࡡ⾪㟻✒㞯ࡡ pH ࡛㞹Ẵఎᑙᗐࢅῼᏽࡊࡒࠊࡆࡿࡼࡡ⤎ᯕ࠾ࡼࠉ༞⦃ 73 ᗐ㎾ࡻ ࡽහ㝛࡚ࡢᠺᒒᅥ⏜ᮮ࡛⩻࠻ࡼࡿࡾᠺฦቌຊࡊ࡙࠽ࡽࠉἚᓃ࡛හ㝛࡚ࡢ⾪㟻✒㞯ࡡᏕ≁ᛮ␏ ࡾࡆ࡛ฦ࠾ࡖࡒࠊࢡ࣭ࣛࣤࣚࣤࢺ࡚⾔ࢂࡿ࡙࠷ࡾᒒᤸ๎ࡡ⌟ሔ࡞࠽࠷࡙ࠉࡈ⣑ 2m ࡡ✒㞯᩷㟻 びῼࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࠉ✒㞯ムᩩࡡཱིࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊཱིࡊࡒムᩩࡢࠉỀࡡᏭᏽྜྷనమẒࡡゆᯊ⤎ᯕ࠾ࡼ㐛ཡ⣑ 4 ᖳ㛣࡞ᇼ✒ࡊࡒ㞯࡚࠵ࡖࡒࠊ࢛⃨ࣤᗐࡡን࠾ࡼࠉ⌟ᅹࡡ㞯࡞ྱࡱࡿ࡙࠷ࡾᏕᠺฦࡡᏒ⟿ን ࡛ࡐࡡ㉫″ࠉ⾪㟻㈹㔖ᨥንິࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࡀࡒࠊ ③ᑚᕖ ὀಘ ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯ᴗᇡኬẴὮฝ࡛㞹㞫ᅥ㞹Ꮔ㍲㏞࡛ࡡᅄᯕ㛭౿ࡡゆ᪺ ◂✪㛣㸯ᖲᠺ 21ࠤ23 ᖳᗐ ᡜහ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽㸯ࡊ ᡜአ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽ᩐ㸯0 ྞ ⤊㈕㸯├⤊㈕ 900,000 ළ 㛣⤊㈕ 270,000 ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ Ꮻᏼ✭㛣ࡡ∸㈹ࡡὮฝࡢኮమ࡞࡛ࡖ࡙ᬉ㐚Ⓩ⌟㇗࡚࠵ࡽࠉᆀ⌣ࡡࡻ࠹ᅖ᭯☚ሔࢅࡵࡗᝠ᫅࡞ Ѹ 125Ѹ ― 130 ― ࠽࠷࡙ࡢࠉࡐࡡᅖ᭯☚ሔᝠ᫅㛣✭㛣☚ሔ࡞├⦽ࡾᴗᇡࡷࠉ☚Ẵᅥ࠾ࡼኣኬ࢙ࢾ࣭ࣜ࢟Ὦ ථࡌࡾ࢜ࢪࣈᇡ࣬እഁ࢛࣭ࣞࣚᖈ࡚㞹㞫ࡊࡒኬẴὮฝࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊᮇ◂✪࡚ࡢࠉࡆࡡᴗᇡ㞹㞫ᅥ࢛ ࣤࡡὮฝ㐛⛤࡞ࠉ㞹Ꮔࡡࡻ࠹ᙲࢅᢰࡖ࡙࠷ࡾ࠾ࢅびῼⓏ࡞᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡊ࡙࠷ ࡾࠊරమⓏ࡞ࡢࠉ࢛ࣤὮฝ㢎⦶࡞㉫ࡀ࡙࠷ࡾ࢜ࢪࣈ㡷ᇡ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ㞹㞫ᅥ㞹Ꮔ࡞Ⅴࢅᙔ࡙ࠉ⇍Ⓩ ࢙ࢾ࣭ࣜ࢟ࣝ࣊ࣜࡡኬኣᩐࡡ㞹Ꮔཀྵࡦࠉ㜾ୖ㞹Ꮔࡡ㞹㞫࡞ࡻࡖ࡙⏍ᠺࡈࡿࡒḗ㞹Ꮔࡡᣲࡾ⯑࠷ࢅ᪺ ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࠊ ◂✪ᐁ⦴ ᮇ◂✪࡚ࡢࠉᴗᇡ㞹㞫ᅥ࢛ࣤࡡὮฝ㐛⛤࡞ࠉ㞹Ꮔࡡࡻ࠹ᙲࢅᢰࡖ࡙࠷ࡾ࠾ࢅびῼⓏ࡞᪺ ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ≁࡞ࠉ࢛ࣤὮฝ㢎⦶࡞㉫ࡀ࡙࠷ࡾ࢜ࢪࣈ㡷ᇡ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ㞹㞫ᅥ 㞹Ꮔ࡞Ⅴࢅᙔ࡙ࠉ⇍Ⓩ࢙ࢾ࣭ࣜ࢟ࣝ࣊ࣜࡡኬኣᩐࡡ㞹Ꮔཀྵࡦࠉ㜾ୖ㞹Ꮔࡡ㞹㞫࡞ࡻࡖ࡙⏍ᠺࡈࡿࡒ ḗ㞹Ꮔࡡᣲࡾ⯑࠷ࢅࠉḚᕗ㟸ᖱῦᩋ㸝EISCAT㸞ࢪࣁ࣭ࣜࣁ࣭ࣜࣝࢱ࣭㸝ESR㸞ࢅ⏕࠷࡙᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ ࡌࡾࠊࡐࡡࡒࡴ࡞ᚪこ࡛ࡈࡿࡾࠉࣈࣚࢫ࣏ࣚࣤࢅ⢥ᗐⰃࡂᑙฝࡌࡾࡒࡴࡡᡥἪ㛜Ⓠࢅࠉᅗ㝷ᴗᖳ 㸝IPY㸞ࡡ 2007-2008 ᖳ࡞ᐁ᪃ࡈࡿࡒ ESR1 ᖳ㛣㏻⤾びῼࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ⏕࠷࡙ᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊࡐࡡ⤎ᯕࠉࡆࡡࣈ ࣚࢫ࣏ࣚࣤࡡྜྷᏽ࡞ࡢࠉ㸝㸦㸞々ᩐࡡ✒ฦ㛣ࢸ࣭ࢰࡡ⤄ࡲྙࢂࡎཀྵࡦ㸝㸧㸞࣏࢜ࣜࣤࣆࣜࢰ࣭ ࢅ⏕࠷ࡾ᪁Ἢ᭯ຝ࡚࠵ࡾࡆ࡛ࢅず࠷ࡓࡊࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉᮇ◂✪⏕࡞㛜Ⓠࡊࡒ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࢪ࣓࣭࢞ࣔࣤࢺࢅ ⏕࠷ࡒ ESR ≁ืᐁ㥺ࢅ 2010 ᖳ 12 ᭮࡞ᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊ࠵࠷࡞ࡂ㟴✔㞹㞫ᅥ≟ឺ࡞࠽ࡄࡾびῼ࡚ࡢ࠵ࡖࡒ ࡄࡿࡵࠉᚋࡼࡿࡒࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ⏕࠷࡙ゆᯊᡥἪࡡ㛜Ⓠࢅ㐅ࡴ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡈࡼ࡞ࠉIPY 㛣࡞ᚋࡼࡿࡒ ESR 1 ᖳ㛣㏻⤾びῼࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ⏕࠷࡙ࠉ࢛ࣤ୕᪴Ὦ࡛࢛ࣤ㡚ἴᨈࡡ㛭౿࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ゆᯊࢅ⾔ࡖࡒ⤎ᯕࠉ 㸝㸦㸞࢛ࣤ୕᪴Ὦࡢ 08 ཀྵࡦ 13 ☚Ẵᆀ᪁㸝MLT㸞࡞Ⓠ⏍㢎ᗐ㧏࠷ࡡ࡞ᑊࡊࠉ࢛ࣤ㡚ἴᨈ ࡢ 09 MLT ㎾ࡡ༔๑ഁࡡࡲⓆ⏍㢎ᗐ㧏࠷ࡆ࡛ࠉ㸝㸧㸞࢜ࢪࣈ㡷ᇡ㎾࡚Ⓠ⏍ࡌࡾ࢛ࣤ㡚ἴᨈ ࡡ⣑ 10%ࡢࠉ㧏ᗐ㸝100-150 km ㎾㸞ࡡᨈࢅఔࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࡆ࡛ࠉ➴ࢅⓆずࡊࡒࠊࡆࡿࡼࡡ◂✪ᠺᯕ ࢅㄵᩝ࡞ࡱ࡛ࡴࠉᏕ⾙㞟ヽ㸝JGR ヽ㸞࡞ฝ∟ࡊࡒࠊ 㑝ኰ ④㧏ᶣ ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯༞ᴗᾇ⏐⏝Ṿ㢦࡛ཋ⏍⏍∸ࢡࣝ࢝ࣛࢻࡡᐞ⏍㛭౿࠾ࡼ᥀ࡾ༞ᴗᾇ⏍ឺ⣌ ◂✪㛣㸯ᖲᠺ 22ࠤ24 ᖳᗐ ᡜහ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽㸯ࡊ ᡜአ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽ᩐ㸯0 ྞ ⤊㈕㸯├⤊㈕ 1,400,000 ළ 㛣⤊㈕ 420,000 ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ᮇ◂✪ㄚ㢗࡚ࡢࠉ༞ᴗ⏐⏝Ṿ㢦㸝ᐙ㸞࡛ཋ⏍⏍∸ࢡࣝ࢝ࣛࢻ㸝ᐞ⏍⩽㸞ࡡᐞ⏍㛭౿ࢅฦᏄ⣌⤣Ꮥ Ⓩ࡞ฌ⌦ࡊࠉࢡࣝ࢝ࣛࢻᒌࡡᐞ⏍ࠉᐙࡡฦᕱ≁ᛮࡷ༞ᴗᾇ⏍ឺ⣌ࡡᙫ㡢ࢅࡢ࠾ࡾᣞᵾ࡛ࡊ࡙᭯ ⏕࡚࠵ࡾ࠾ࢅ᳠チࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘ᣞࡌࠊරమⓏ࡞ࡢࠉ㸝1㸞༞ᴗᾇ⏐⏝Ṿ㢦ࡡᾐ⟮ࢅㄢࢡࣝ࢝ࣛࢻࡡ ᭯↋ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡊࠉྜྷ࡞ᐙࡡᙫ㡢ࢅㄢᰕࡌࡾࠊ㸝2㸞ḗ࡞Ⓠずࡈࡿࡒࢡࣝ࢝ࣛࢻ⛸ࢅ㐿ఎᏄゆᯊ ࡊࠉḿ☔⛸ྜྷᏽ࠽ࡻࡦ㐅⣌⤣ᶖࡡషᠺࢅ┘ᣞࡌࠊࡆࡡሒࢅᇱ࡞ࢡࣝ࢝ࣛࢻ⛸࡚ᐙࡡ⏍Ề Ὼࡷᗐࠉ㣏ᛮ࡞㐢࠷࠵ࡾ࠾ࢅึ᩷ࡊࠉ⏍ឺ⣌ࢅビ౮ࡌࡾᣞᵾ࡛ࡊ࡙ࡡ᭯⏕ᛮࢅ᳠ゞࡌࡾࠊ㸝3㸞᭩ ᚃ࡞ᣞᵾ࡛ࡊ࡙᭯⏕࡚࠵ࡾ࡛ึ᩷ࡊࡒ≁␏ᛮ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙᩺ࡒ⌟ሔ㞗ࢅᐁ᪃ࡊ࡙௫ㄕࡡ᳠チࢅ┘ᣞࡌࠊ ◂✪ᐁ⦴ ᮇ◂✪ㄚ㢗ࡢࠉ༞ᴗᾇ⏐⏝Ṿ㢦㸝≁࡞࢛࣐࢞㢦㸞࡛ཋ⏍⏍∸ࢡࣝ࢝ࣛࢻᒌࡡᐞ⏍㛭౿ࠉᐙࡡ Ѹ 126Ѹ ― 131 ― ฦᕱ≁ᛮࡷ༞ᴗᾇ⏍ឺ⣌ࡡᙫ㡢ࢅࡢ࠾ࡾᣞᵾ࡛ࡊ࡙᭯⏕࡚࠵ࡾ࠾ࢅ᳠チࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘ᣞࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ ᖲᠺ 22 ᖳᗐࡢ༞ᴗᾇ࡚ᗀࡂඁ༥ࡌࡾࢻࣤ࢞ࣘࢠ࢛࣐࡛࢞ࠉἚᓃᇡࢅ⏍ᇡ࡛ࡌࡾࢤ࢛࢛࣐ࣛ࢞࡞ ᐞ⏍ࡌࡾࢡࣝ࢝ࣛࢻ࡞Ⅴࢅᙔ࡙࡙ㄢᰕࡊࡒࠊࡆࡿࡼࡡᐙࡢࡊࡣࡊࡣ⏍ᇡ㔔ࡾࡆ࡛▩ࡼࡿ ࡙࠽ࡽࠉฦᕱ≁ᛮࢅẒ㍉ࡌࡾ୕࡚㒌ྙⰃ࠷࡛⩻࠻ࡒࠊࢻࣤ࢞ࣘࢠ࢛࣐࢞࠾ࡼࡢ 1 ⛸ࡡࢡࣝ࢝ࣛࢻ ᐞ⏍ࡌࡾࡆ࡛▩ࡼࡿ࡙࠷ࡒࠉࡆࡿࡱ࡚හ㒂ᐞ⏍ࡡሒ࿈Ⅵࡈࡿ࡙࠷࠾ࡖࡒࢤ࢛࢛࣐ࣛ࢞ ࠾ࡼࠉ2 ⛸ࡡࢡࣝ࢝ࣛࢻᐞ⏍⛸ࢅิࡴ࡙☔ヾࡊࡒࠊ㐿ఎᏄゆᯊࡡ⤎ᯕࠉ1 ⛸ࡢࢻࣤ࢞ࣘࢠ࢛࣐࢞࡞ᐞ ⏍ࡌࡾࢡࣝ࢝ࣛࢻ࡛ྜྷ⛸ࡡྊ⬗ᛮ㧏ࡂࠉ᪁ࡢࡐࡡ㎾⦍⛸࡚࠵ࡾࡆ࡛᪺ࡼ࠾࡛ࡖࡒࠊᾐ⟮හ ࡡฦᕱࢅㄢᰕࡊࡒ࡛ࡆࢀࠉ2 ⛸ࡡࢡࣝ࢝ࣛࢻ࡚㞗୯ฦᕱࡌࡾ㒂న␏ࡽࠉపࡲฦࡄࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾྊ ⬗ᛮ♟ြࡈࡿࡒࠊࢤ࢛࢛࣐࡚ࣛ࢞☔ヾࡈࡿࡒ㎾⦍⛸ࡢࠉࢻࣤ࢞ࣘࢠ࢛࣐࡚࢞ࡢධࡂずࡼࡿ࠷ ࡆ࡛࠾ࡼࠉἚᓃᇡ࡞ࡡࡲ⏍ࡌࡾࢤ࢛࢛࣐ࣛ࢞ࡡ⏍Ὡྍ࡞≁ࡊࡒᐞ⏍⛸࡚࠵ࡾ࡛⩻࠻ࡼࡿࡒࠊ୕ エࡡ㐿ఎᏄゆᯊ࡞ࡻࡾ⛸ྜྷᏽࠉ࠽ࡻࡦࢤ࢛࢛࣐ࣛ࢞࡞ᐞ⏍ࡌࡾࢡࣝ࢝ࣛࢻࡡᾐ⟮හฦᕱࡡ⤎ᯕࡢ ᅗ㝷Ꮥఌ࡚Ⓠ⾪ࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ⌟ᅹࡢ୦ᐙྜྷ࡞㞗ࡈࡿࡒࢦࣤࣈࣜࢅ⏕࠷࡙ࠉྜྷ⏍ᾇᇡ࡚ࡡᐞ ⏍⋙ࡡ㐢࠷࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ㄢᰕࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠽ࡽࠉᐙࡡ⏍ỀῺࡷᗐࠉ㣏ᛮ࡞㐢࠷࠵ࡾ࠾ࢅึ᩷ࡊࠉ⏍ឺ ⣌ࢅビ౮ࡌࡾᣞᵾ࡛ࡊ࡙ࡡ᭯⏕ᛮࡡ᳠ゞࢅ┘ᣞࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡈࡼ࡞ᖲᠺ 23 ᖳᗐ࡞ࡢ༞ᴗᾇ࡞࡙⌟ሔ㞗 ࢅ゛⏤ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ ◂✪ᠺᯕප㛜ಀ㐅㈕㸝ࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪ㸞 ①ᑚᓞ ⚵ᗛ ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯༞ᴗ㝱▴ࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪ ◂✪㛣㸯ᖲᠺ 22 ᖳᗐ ᡜහ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽㸯ࡊ ᡜአ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽ᩐ㸯0 ྞ ⤊㈕㸯├⤊㈕ 4,300,000 ළ 㛣⤊㈕ 0ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ᅗ㝷㝱▴Ꮥఌ࡞࠽࠷࡙㝱▴࡛ヾࡴࡼࡿࡒ㝱▴࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪࡌࡾࡆ࡛ᅗ㝷Ⓩ࡞ᙁࡂịࡴ ࡼࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ༞ᴗᆀᇡびῼ㝪㞗ࡊࡒ㝱▴ࡢࠉࡆࡿࡱ࡚࡞ 16,200 ࡞㐡ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡆࡿࡢୠ⏲᭩ኬ ࡡ㝱▴ࢤࣝࢠࢨࣘࣤࡡୌࡗ࡚࠵ࡾࠊࡆࡿࡱ࡚ࡢࠉฦ㢦ࡌࢆࡓ㝱▴࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ⱝᩝࡡ࢜ࢰࣞࢡࡷ┷࢜ ࢰࣞࢡ࡛ࡊ࡙ප⾪ࡊ࡙ࡀࡒࠊᮇࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪషᠺጟဤఌࡢࠉᅗ㝷Ⓩこ᭻࡞ᚺ࠻࡙ࡆࡿࡼࡡ࢜ࢰࣞࢡ ࡡࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊහᐖࡢฦ㢦ࢸ࣭ࢰࡣ࠾ࡽ࡚ࡢࡂࠉエ㍍ࢸ࣭ࢰࡷ㖌∸ࡡฦᯊࢸ࣭ࢰࠉ᭞ ࡞ࡢ⏤ാࢸ࣭ࢰ࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉ㝱▴┷ࠉ∞┷ࢅຊ࠻࡙࠷ࡾࠊᅗ㝷Ⓩࢠࢬࢪࡡࡊࡷࡌࡈࢅ⩻៎ࡊ࡙ࠉ ⱝᩝࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪ࡛ࡊࠉWEB ࡚⏤ാࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪ࡛ࡊ࡙ප㛜ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ ◂✪ᐁ⦴ ◂✪ᠺᯕࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪࡡྞ⛘㸯༞ᴗ㝱▴ࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪ㸝Database of the Antarctic Meteorite 㸝␆⛘㸯AM-DB㸞㸞 H22 ᖳᗐථງᐖ㔖㸯 ࣝࢤ࣭ࢺᩐ㸝6,800 ௲㸞 ࢸ࣭ࢰᐖ㔖㸝14,000MB㸞 web ࡚ප㛜ࡡ URL㸯http://metdb.nipr.ac.jp/am_db_public/index.html ②ᑚᕖ ὀಘ ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯Ḛᕗ㟸ᖱῦᩋ㸝EISCAT㸞ࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪ Ѹ 127Ѹ ― 132 ― ◂✪㛣㸯ᖲᠺ 22 ᖳᗐ ᡜහ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽㸯ࡊ ᡜአ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽ᩐ㸯0 ྞ ⤊㈕㸯├⤊㈕ 2,100,000 ළ 㛣⤊㈕ 0ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ 1984 ᖳ࠾ࡼ⌟ᅹࡱ࡚ࡡ㛏㛣ཀྵࡦኬᐖ㔖ࡡḚᕗ㟸ᖱῦᩋ㸝EISCAT㸞࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࢸ࣭ࢰࢅࠉ࢘ࣇ ࣭࣋ࢩࢅࡊ࡙⤣ୌⓏ࡞࠹ࡆ࡛ྊ⬗ප㛜⏕ࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪࢅᵋ⠇ࡌࡾࡆ࡛┘Ⓩ࡚࠵ࡾࠊḚᕗ 5 ࣧᅗཀྵࡦ୯ᅗ࡛ࡡᅗ㝷භྜྷ࡚㐅ࡴ࡙࠷ࡾ EISCAT ࣈࣞࢩ࢘ࢠࢹ࡚ࡢࠉ々ᩐࡡ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࢅ⏕࠷ࡒኣᒪ࡞ ࢂࡒࡾ㉰㧏ᒒኬẴびῼᐁ᪃ࡈࡿ࡙ࡀࡒࠊࡐࡿࡼࡡびῼ࡞ࡻࡖ࡙ᚋࡼࡿࡒࢸ࣭ࢰ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙びῼࡷ びῼ࣓࣭ࢺࡡ࣒ࢰࢸ࣭ࢰࡡᩒങ࡞ຊ࠻ࠉEISCAT ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭࠾ࡼᑙ࠾ࡿࡒࣈࣚࢫ࣏∸⌦㔖ࡡ්⢥ᰕ ࡡషᴏࢅࠉᮇ⛁◂㈕ࢅ⏕࠷࡙㞗୯Ⓩ࡞⾔࠹ࠊᮇషᴏࢅ⤊ࡒ㈹ࡡ㧏࠷ࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪᅗහአࡡ◂✪⩽࡞ ᗀࡂฺ⏕ࡈࡿࡾࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡽࠉᴗᇡ㞹㞫ᅥࡡ㛏ࢹࣝࣤࢺࢅྱࡳ㉰㧏ᒒࡡẴುንິࡷኬẴ⎌ሾࡡን㐼࡞ 㛭ࡌࡾᵕࠍ᩺ࡊ࠷▩ずᚋࡼࡿࡾࡆ࡛ᙽࡈࡿࡾࠊࡱࡒࠉEISCAT ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭びῼ࡛┞Ⓩᙲ ࢅᢰ࠹⛸㣍⩟మ࣬ᆀ୕びῼ࡛ࡡྜྷびῼࢸ࣭ࢰࡡ᳠⣬ࠉཀྵࡦࢸ࣭ࢰࡡ┞பฺ⏕࡞ࡵ㔔Ⅴࢅ࠽࠷ࡒප 㛜⏕ EISCAT ࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪࢅషᠺࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡽࠉ୯㛣ᅥ-⇍ᅥ-㞹㞫ᅥ-☚Ẵᅥࡡᖕᗀ࠷㡷ᇡ㛣ࢅᏽ㔖 Ⓩ࡞⦽ࡃ᩺ࡒ◂✪ࢅᐁ᪃࡚ࡀࡾࡻ࠹࡞ࡾࠊࡈࡼ࡞ࠉᮇප㛜⏕ EISCAT ࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪࡢࠉ㉰㧏ᒒኬ Ẵࡡࢨ࣐࣭ࣖࣝࢨࣘࣤ◂✪࡞ᚪこᇱᮇ∸⌦㔖ࢅᵕࠍ㛣ࢪࢢ࣭࡚ࣜ࠻ࡾ࡛භ࡞ࠉࢡ࣭ࣞࣁࣜࢪ ࢢ࣭ࣜࡡ㞹㞫ᅥ࣓ࢸࣜࢅᵋ⠇ࡌࡾࡒࡴ࡞ࡵᚪこྊḖ࡚࠵ࡾ࡛⩻࠻ࡼࡿࡾࠊ ◂✪ᐁ⦴ ◂✪ᠺᯕࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪࡡྞ⛘㸯Ḛᕗ㟸ᖱῦᩋ(EISCAT)ࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪ㸝EISCAT database㸞 㸝␆⛘㸯EISCAT DB㸞㸞 H22 ᖳᗐථງᐖ㔖㸯 ࣝࢤ࣭ࢺᩐ㸝2,600 ௲㸞 ࢸ࣭ࢰᐖ㔖㸝50,000MB㸞 web ࡚ප㛜ࡡ URL㸯http://polaris.nipr.ac.jp/~eiscat/eiscatdata/ ◂✪Ὡິࢪࢰ࣭ࢹᨥᥴ㸝H21 ᖳᗐࡢⱕᡥ◂✪ࢪࢰ࣭ࢹࢴࣈࠉH22 ᖳᗐࡻࡽྞ⛘ን᭞㸞 ①⏛㑌 ඁ㈏Ꮔ ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯༞ᴗ㝛ᇡ⏍ឺ⣌ࡡⓆ㐡࣬ን㐼ྍࡡゆ᪺ ◂✪㛣㸯ᖲᠺ 21ࠤ22 ᖳᗐ ᡜහ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽㸯ࡊ ᡜአ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽ᩐ㸯0 ྞ ⤊㈕㸯├⤊㈕ 1,010,000 ළ 㛣⤊㈕ 303,000 ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ᇱᆀ࿔㎮࡞ࡢࠉኬ㝛ᒷ┑㟚ฝࡊࡒ㟚ᒷᇡⅤᅹࡊ࡙࠽ࡽࠉᆀ⌣ぜᶅࡡ⎌ሾንິࡡᙫ㡢ࢅུࡄ ᙟᠺࡈࡿࡒ⎌ሾ࡛ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡐࡡ㝛୕⏍ឺ⣌ࡢஇࡊࡂ㐛ཡࡡᒓṌ࠵ࡱࡽ࡞ṟࡖ࡙࠷࠷ࡒࡴࠉࡆ ࡿࡱ࡚ࡡ⎌ሾንິ࡛⏍ឺ⣌ࡡን㐼࡛ࡡ㛭౿ࢅ᥀ࡾࡆ࡛ࡢᅏ㞬࡚࠵ࡖࡒࠊࡊ࠾ࡊࠉ᭩㎾࡞ࡖ࡙㟚ᒷᇡ ࡞Ꮛᅹࡌࡾ‘⩄ࡡᗇ࡞ࡢ᭩ኬ࡚ᩐ࣒࣭ࢹࣜ࡞ࡵཀྵࡩ㇇࠾᳔⏍Ꮛᅹࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࡆ࡛Ⓠずࡈࡿࡒࠊ ᮇㄚ㢗࡚ࡢࠉࡆࡿࡱ࡚⏞ㄫ⩽ࡼ࡞ࡻࡖ࡙ᚋࡼࡿࡒ‘ᗇ᳔⏍ࡡ⛸⤄ᠺ࡛කྙᠺᚺ➽࡞㛭ࡌࡾ▩ずࢅ㊻ࡱ ࠻ࠉࡆࡡ◂✪ᡥἪࢅ‘ᗇᇼ✒∸ࢤ࡞ᚺ⏕ࡊᆀྍን㐼࡛ࡡ┞㛭࡞ࡗ࠷࡙᳠ゞࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡽࠉ༞ᴗ㝛 Ѹ 128Ѹ ― 133 ― ᇡ⏍ឺ⣌ࡡᏽ╌࣬Ⓠ㐡࡛ࡐࡡን㐼ྍࢅゆ᪺ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘ᣞࡌࠊᮇㄚ㢗࡞ࡻࡖ࡙ᚋࡼࡿࡾࢸ࣭ࢰࡢࠉᮅ ࡓㅞ࡞ໜࡱࡿ࡙࠷ࡾ༞ᴗኬ㝛୕࡚ࡡ⏍ឺ⣌ࡡᏽ╌࣬Ⓠ㐡ྍࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾ࡛࡛ࡵ࡞ࠉெⅥⓏᨡ ࡛ࢆ࠷ᆀᇡ࡚ࡡ⎌ሾንິ࡞ࡻࡾ⏍ឺ⣌ࡡንິ࡛ᙫ㡢ࡡ᳠チ࡞㈁⊡ࡌࡾࡵࡡ࡛ᙽ࡚ࡀࡾࠊ ◂✪ᐁ⦴ ᇱᆀ࿔㎮ࡡ㝛ᇡ⏍ឺ⣌ࡢஇࡊࡂ㐛ཡࡡᒓṌ࠵ࡱࡽṟࡖ࡙࠷࠷ࡒࡴࠉࡆࡿࡱ࡚ࡡ⎌ሾንິ࡛ ⏍ឺ⣌ࡡን㐼࡛ࡡ㛭౿ࢅ᥀ࡾࡆ࡛ࡢᅏ㞬࡚࠵ࡖࡒࠊࡐࡆ࡚ᮇㄚ㢗࡚ࡢࠉࡆࡿࡱ࡚⾪⩽ࡼ࡞ࡻࡖ࡙ᚋ ࡼࡿࡒ▩ずࢅ㊻ࡱ࠻ࠉ༞ᴗ㝛ᇡ⏍ឺ⣌ࡡⓆ㐡࡛ࡐࡡን㐼ࡡゆ᪺࡞ࡗࡅࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘ᣞࡊࡒࠊᖲᠺ 21 ᖳᗐ๑༖࡞ࡢࠉ‘ᗇᇼ✒∸ࡡฌ⌦᮪௲ࠉ⛸ฦᯊᶭჹ࡞ࡻࡾ᭩㐲ῼᏽ᮪௲ࠉ࠽ࡻࡦ᳔⏍ࡡฦᕱ࡞㛭 ࡌࡾゆᯊ᪁Ἢࡡ᳠ゞࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊᚃ༖࡞ࡢࠉ➠ 51 ḗᮇ༞ᴗᆀᇡびῼ㝪࡛ࡊ࡙༞ᴗኬ㝛࡚ࡡ㔕አㄢᰕ ࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࠉᇱᆀࡡ༞࡞న⨠ࡌࡾ 3 ࡗࡡ㟚ᒷᇡࢅ࣭࣊ࢪ࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉ‘ể୕࠾ࡼ✨ࢅ࠵ࡄࠉࡵࡊࡂࡢ࣍ ࣭ࢹ୕࠾ࡼධ 23 ‘ࡡびῼࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࠉ⛸‘ᏕⓏࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ⋋ᚋࡊࡒࠊ ࡐࡡ࠹ࡔ 19 ‘࠾ࡼࡢ 2-10 ᮇࡍࡗ 20-50cm 㛏ࡡ‘ᗇᇼ✒∸ࢤࠉ‘Ềࠉ࠽ࡻࡦ‘࿔㎮ࡡ㞯ểỀムᩩࢅཱིࡊࡒࠊཱིࡊࡒࢤ ムᩩࡢࠉ⌟ሔ࡚㕼├Ⓩ࡞ 1-5cm Ẏ࡞ว᩷ࡊࡒࡡࡔࠉᅖᙟ㒂ฦ࡛㛣㝵Ề࡛࡞ฦ㞫ࡊࠉ෫ಕᏋ࡞࡙ᅗහ ࡞ᣚࡔᖉࡖࡒࠊᖲᠺ 22 ᖳᗐ࡞ࡢࠉᅗහ࡞ᣚࡔᖉࡖࡒ‘Ề࣬㛣㝵Ề࣬࿔㎮㞯ểỀムᩩࡡ⁈Ꮛ↋ᶭᰜ㣬ሲ 㢦㸝◢㓗ࠉல◢㓗ࠉ࣓ࣤࢼࠉࣛࣤ㓗ࠉࢢ㓗㸞ࠉ⁈Ꮛ↋ᶭ⅛㓗ࡡฦᯊࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊࡆࡿࡼࡡ⤎ᯕ࠾ ࡼࠉ‘Ềࡡ⁈Ꮛ↋ᶭ✽⣪㸝DIN㸞ࡢ 0.4-1.1 μmol/Lࠉࣛࣤ㓗ࡢ 0.03-0.26 μmol/L ࡛࠷࠹㈃ᰜ㣬࡚ࣝ࣊ࣜ ࠵ࡽࠉධ 19 ‘࡛ࡵ࡞ኬᕣ࠷ೋ࡞ࡵ࠾࠾ࡼࡍࠉ‘ᗇ⾪ᒒ 1cm ୯ࡡ㛣㝵Ềࡡ DIN ࡢ 1.6-208.0 μmol/Lࠉ ࣛࣤ㓗ࡢ 0.11-4.70 μmol/L ࡚࠵ࡽࠉ‘ᗇ᳔⏍୯࡞ࡢ‘Ềࡡ⣑ 2.5-220 ಶࡵࡡᰜ㣬ሲᏋᅹࡌࡾࡷࠉ‘ 㛣࡚ኬᖕ㐢࠷࠵ࡾࡆ࡛᪺ࡼ࠾࡛ࡖࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉ‘ᗇහࡡᰜ㣬ሲࡡ㕼├ࣈࣞࣆࣜࡡ⤎ᯕ࠾ ࡼࠉ‘ᗇ⾪ᒒ࡞࠽࠷࡙කྙᠺ⏍∸‘ᗇහ㒂࠾ࡼ౩⤝ࡈࡿࡾᰜ㣬ሲࢅฺ⏕ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࡆ࡛♟ြࡈࡿࡒࠊ ⌟ᅹࡱ࡚࡞ࠉ‘ᗇᇼ✒∸୯ࡡ㛣㝵Ềཱིࡈࡿࡒࡆ࡛ࡢࡂࠉࡱࡒࠉࡐࡡᰜ㣬ሲ㢦ࡡᐁឺࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ ࡊࡒࡡࡢᮇ◂✪ୠ⏲࡚ิࡴ࡙ࡡౚ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ༞ᴗኬ㝛୕ࡡኬ㒂ฦࢅ༥ࡴࡾ㈃ᰜ㣬‘࡚ࡢࢨࢿࣁࢠ ࢷࣛඁ༥ࡊ࡙࠽ࡽࠉࡆࡿࡼᣚࡗ✭୯✽⣪ᅖᏽ⬗࡞ࡻࡾ✽⣪″ࡆࡡ㈃ᰜ㣬⏍ឺ⣌࡞࠽࠷࡙㔔こ ࡚࠵ࡾࡆ࡛ࠉࡆࡿࡱ࡚ࡢୌ⯙Ⓩࢨࢻ࢛࡛ࣛࡈࡿ࡙ࡀࡒࠊࡊ࠾ࡊࡼࠉᮇ◂✪⤎ᯕ࡞ࡻࡖ࡙ࠉ‘ ᗇහ࡞㈋ࡈࡿࡒᰜ㣬ሲ㢦ࢅකྙᠺ⏍∸ฺ⏕࡚ࡀ࡙࠷ࡾࡆ࡛ࠉ‘࡞ࡻࡖ࡙ࡐࡡ㈋㔖ኬᖕ࡞␏ ࡾ࠾ࡼࡵࠉ⏍ឺ⣌ࡡⓆ㐡࡞ࡻࡖ࡙⩄㞗ࡡᵋ㏸࣬ᶭ⬗ኬࡀࡂን㐼ࡊ࡙ࡀ࡙࠷ࡾྊ⬗ᛮ♟ြࡈࡿ ࡒࠊ ②㔕ᮟ ኬᶖ ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯༞ᴗᾇ࡞࠽ࡄࡾᾇểࡡ⏍ᠺ࡛⼝ゆኬẴѸ ᾇὊ㛣ࡡ㓗⅛⣪ஹᥦ㐛⛤࡞ཀྵࡌᙫ㡢 ◂✪㛣㸯ᖲᠺ 21ࠤ22 ᖳᗐ ᡜහ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽㸯ࡊ ᡜአ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽ᩐ㸯0 ྞ ⤊㈕㸯├⤊㈕ 990,000 ළ 㛣⤊㈕ 297,000 ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ༞ᴗᾇ࡞࠽ࡄࡾᾇể̾ኬẴ㛣ࡡ CO2 ஹᥦ㔖ࡡᏽ㔖Ⓩビ౮࡛ࠉCO2 ஹᥦ࣒࢜ࢼࢫ࣑ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾ ࡒࡴ࡞ࠉ༞ᴗᾇᏒ⟿ᾇểᇡ࡚ࡡ◃ể⯢࡞ࡻࡾびῼ⯗ᾇ࡞࠽࠷࡙ࠉ⌟ሔびῼࢅᐁ᪃ࡌࡾࠊ ࡱࡒࠉᾇể୕ཱི࡚ࡊࡒᾇểࠉᾇể୯ࣇࣚࣤࠉᾇỀࡢࠉᅗ❟ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ࡞ᣚࡔᖉࡽࠉᾇểࡡ∸⌦Ⓩ ᛮ㈹ࡡῼᏽࠉࣇࣚࣤࠉᾇỀࡡᏕฦᯊࢅᐁ᪃ࡌࡾࠊᚋࡼࡿࡒびῼࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ⤣ྙࡊࠉ༞ᴗᾇ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ Ѹ 129Ѹ ― 134 ― ᾇể̾ኬẴ㛣ࡡ CO2 ஹᥦ㔖ࡡᏽ㔖Ⓩビ౮࡛ CO2 ஹᥦ࣒࢜ࢼࢫ࣑ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࠊ ◂✪ᐁ⦴ ᮇ◂✪࡚ࡢࠉ༞ᴗᾇ࡞࠽ࡄࡾᾇểࡡ⏍ᠺ࡛⼝ゆኬẴ̾ᾇὊ㛣ࡡ㓗⅛⣪㸝CO2㸞ஹᥦ㐛⛤࡞ཀྵ ࡌᙫ㡢ࢅᏽ㔖Ⓩ࡞ビ౮ࡊࠉᏒ⟿ᾇểᇡ⅛⣪ᚘ⎌࡞ᯕࡒࡌᙲࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ ୕エ┘Ⓩࢅ㐡ᠺࡌࡾࡒࡴ 21 ᖳᗐࡡ゛⏤࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉ◃ể⯼ࠖ᩺ࡊࡼࡎࠗࢅ⏕࠷ࠉ2009 ᖳ 11 ᭮࠾ࡼ 2010 ᖳ 3 ᭮ࡡ➠ 51 ḗᮇ༞ᴗᆀᇡびῼ⯗ᾇ࡞ཤຊࡊࠉ༞ᴗᾇᏒ⟿ᾇểᇡ࡚ể୕⌟ሔびῼ࣬⯢⯟࡞ࡻࡾᾇὊ びῼࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊ22 ᖳᗐࡢࠉびῼཱི࡚ࡊࡒࢦࣤࣈࣜࡡ∸⌦ࠉ⏍∸࣬Ꮥฦᯊࠉࢸ࣭ࢰゆᯊࠉㄵᩝᇮ ➱㸝Journal of Geophysical research, Antarctic Science, Journal of Glaciology ࡞ᢖ✇୯㸯࣭࣑࣭࣌࣋ࢩཤ↯㸞 ࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊ ୕エびῼཀྵࡦฦᯊࡡ⤎ᯕࠉ 1. ᾇể୕㒂࡞Ꮛᅹࡌࡾࢪࣚࢴࢨࣖࡡ CO2 ⃨ᗐࡢࠉኬẴ࡞ᑊࡊ࡙ᮅ㣤࡛ࡖࡒࠊࡆࡿࡢࠉࢪࣚࢴࢨࣖ ࡡῺᗐ୕᪴ࠉሲฦཀྵࡦධ⅛㓗⃨ᗐࡡ΅ᑛࡻࡽࠉ࡞ᕵ㔐ຝᯕ࡞ࡻࡾࡵࡡ࡛⩻࠻ࡼࡿࡾࠊྜྷᵕലྡྷࡢࠉ CO2 ௧አࡡ࢝ࢪᠺฦ࡚࠵ࡾࣇ࣓࣑ࣞ࣌ࣜ࡞࠽࠷࡙ࡵびῼࡈࡿࡒࠊ 2. ኬẴ̾ᾇὊ㛣ࡡ CO2 ᨲฝ㔖ࢅࢲࣔࣤࣁ࣭Ἢࢅ⏕࠷ᏽ㔖ࡊࡒࠊධ࡙ࡡࢸ࣭ࢰ࡞࠽࠷࡙ㇿࡡೋ࡛ࡖ ࡒࠊࡆࡿࡢࠉࢪࣚࢴࢨࣖࡡ CO2 ⃨ᗐࡢࠉኬẴ࡞ᑊࡊ࡙ᮅ㣤࡚࠵ࡾࡒࡴኬẴ࠾ࡼᾇể࡞ CO2 ྺࡈ ࡿࡒࡒࡴ࡚࠵ࡾࠊࡱࡒࠉCO2 ௧አࡡ࢝ࢪᠺฦ࡚࠵ࡾ◪ࢩ࣒ࢲࣜ㸝DMS㸞࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡵࢲࣔࣤࣁ࣭Ἢࢅ ⏕࠷ᏽ㔖ࡊࡒࠊࡐࡡ⤎ᯕࠉᾇể⾪㟻࠾ࡼࡡኬẴࡡᨲฝ☔ヾࡈࡿࡒࠊ ᮇびῼࢸ࣭ࢰࡢࠉཚࡊ࠷Ẵು᮪௲࡞ࡻࡽࠉṜびῼౚ࠷༞ᴗᾇࡡᾇểᇡࡡ⅛⣪ᚘ⎌࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡡ᭯ ─ࢸ࣭ࢰࢅᥞ♟ࡌࡾྊ⬗࡛ࡾࠊᮇ◂✪࡚ᚋࡼࡿࡒ⤎ᯕࡢࠉ༞ᴗᾇࡡ∸㈹ᚘ⎌࡞㛭ࡌࡾᑑᮮ ῼ◂✪ࡡ㐅ᒈ࡞ኬࡀࡂ㈁⊡࡚ࡀࡾ࡛⩻࠻ࡼࡿࡾࠊ ≁ื◂✪ဤዜທ㈕ ①㕝ᮄ ⮟ ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯༞୦ᴗᇡ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ୯㛣ᅥ࣬ୖ㒂⇍ᅥኬẴ㔔ງἴࡡິឺࡡゆ᪺ ◂✪㛣㸯ᖲᠺ 21ࠤ23 ᖳᗐ ᡜහ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽㸯ࡊ ᡜአ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽ᩐ㸯0 ྞ ⤊㈕㸯├⤊㈕ 900,000 ළ 㛣⤊㈕ 0ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ᮇ◂✪࡚ࡢࠉ༞୦ᴗᇡ࡞ᒈ㛜ࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾ々ᩐࡡ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭࡛කᏕびῼᶭჹࢅ┞Ⓩ࡞⤄ࡲྙࢂࡎࡾ ࡆ࡛࡚ࠉࡆࡿࡱ࡚びῼࡡ✭Ⓣ㡷ᇡ࡚࠵ࡖࡒᴗᇡ㉰㧏ᒒኬẴ࡞࠽ࡄࡾኬẴ㔔ງἴࡡ≁ᛮࢅゆ᪺ࡌࡾࠊኬ Ẵකびῼ࠾ࡼᴗᇡኬẴ㔔ງἴࡡ≁ᚡ㸝Ềᖲἴ㛏㸡Ềᖲన┞㏷ᗐ㸡Ềᖲఎᦑ᪁ྡྷ㸞ࢅ⤣゛Ⓩ࡞᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ ࡌࡾ࡛࡛ࡵ࡞ࠉኬẴකびῼࢅ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭࣬ࣚࢱ࣭びῼ࡛⤄ࡲྙࢂࡎࡾࡆ࡛࡚ኬẴ㔔ງἴࡡ㕼├᪁ྡྷࡡ ᵋ㏸࣬ఎᦑ≁ᛮࢅㄢᰕࡌࡾࠊࡆࡿ࡞ࡻࡽࠉᴗᇡኬẴ㔔ງἴࡡⓆ⏍″ࡡన⨠ࡡ᥆ᏽࠉኬẴ㔔ງἴᴗᇡ ㉰㧏ᒒࢱࢻ࣐ࢠࢪ࡞ᯕࡒࡌᙲࡡᏽ㔖Ⓩビ౮ࠉࡱࡒࡐࡿࡼࡡ༞༖⌣ࡡ┞㐢ࢅ㆗ㄵࡌࡾࠊ ◂✪ᐁ⦴ 1.) ኣⅤ/ኣἴ㛏ኬẴක࣒࣭ࢩࣤࢡびῼࠉNa ࣚࢱ࣭ῺᗐびῼࠉMU ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭Ὦ᫅びῼ࠾ࡼࠉྜྷୌࡡ ኬẴ㔔ງἴᘤࡀ㉫ࡆࡌኬẴකᙁᗐ࣬Ὼᗐ࣬Ềᖲ㢴㏷ንິࢅ᳠ฝࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡞ᠺຉࡊࠉ◂✪ᠺᯕࢅᅗහ Ꮥఌ࣬ᅗ㝷Ꮥఌሒ࿈࡚ሒ࿈ࡊࡒࠊࡱࡒᠺᯕࢅㄵᩝ࡛ࡊ࡙ࡱ࡛ࡴࠉ⡷ᅗᆀ⌣⛁Ꮥ㞟ヽ࡞࡙Ⓠ⾪ࡊࡒࠊ 2.) Ѹ 130Ѹ ― 135 ― ᫎᖳᗐ࡞ᵋ⠇ࡊࡒ༞ᴗⅤ࣒࣭ࢩ࡚ࣔᚋࡼࡿࡒኬẴක⏤ാࡡࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪࢅὩ⏕ࡊࠉ2003 ᖳ࠾ࡼ 2005 ᖳ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ༞ᴗⅤኬẴ㔔ງἴࡡ⤣゛Ⓩࣂ࣒ࣚࢰࣛࢭ࣭ࢨࣘࣤࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊࡐࡡ⤎ᯕࠉ༞ᴗⅤ୕✭࡞࠽ ࡄࡾኬẴ㔔ງἴࡡỀᖲఎᦑ᪁ྡྷ࡞ࡢᣞྡྷᛮずࡼࡿࠉ୯࣬㧏ᒒࡡ㢴㏷ሔ࠵ࡾ࠷ࡢୖᒒኬẴࡡ≟ឺ࡛ࡡ 㛭㏻♟ြࡈࡿࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉኬẴ㔔ງἴࡻࡽࡵᑚࡈᵋ㏸ࢅᣚࡗࣛࢴࣈࣜ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡵ⤣゛Ⓩᥝാࢅᚋ ࡾࡆ࡛࡞ᠺຉࡊࡒࠊࣛࢴࣈࣜࡢ୯㛣ᅥ⏲㟻㧏ᗐࡡኬẴᏭᏽ࡛ࡊ࡙⌟ࡿࡾࡆ࡛▩ࡼࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࠉࡐ ࡡ⤣゛Ⓩ≁ᚡ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡢ࠵ࡱࡽฦ࠾ࡖ࡙࠷࠷ࠊᚋࡼࡿࡒࣛࢴࣈࣜࡡሒ࠾ࡼࠉኬẴࡡᏭᏽᗐࢅᏽᛮ Ⓩ࡞᥆ᏽࡊࠉኬẴ㔔ງἴࡐࡡᏭᏽᗐࡡን࡞ࡡࡻ࠹࡞㛭ࢂࡖ࡙࠷ࡾ࠾ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡊࡒࠊࡆࡿࡼࡡ ◂✪ᠺᯕࢅᅗහ࣬ᅗአࡡᏕఌ࡚ሒ࿈ࡊࠉㄵᩝ࡛ࡊ࡙⡷ᅗᆀ⌣⛁Ꮥ㞟ヽ࡞ᢖ✇ࡊࡒࠊ3.)ࢺࢵ࠽ࡻࡦࢿ ࣭࡚ࣜ࢘ࡡኬẴ㔔ງἴࡡකᏕ࣬㞹ἴྜྷびῼ࣭࢞ࣔࣤ࣋ࣤࢅ௺⏤ࡊࠉ⮤ິびῼࢮࣆࢹ࢘ࡡᩒങ ࡛⌟ᆀ࡚ࡡ࢛࣭࣋ࣝࢨࣘࣤࡡ‵ങࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊIAP㸝ࢺࢵ㸞㐘⏕ࡌࡾࣚࢱ࣭ࡷ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭࡛⤄ࡲྙ ࢂࡎࡒびῼ࡞ࡻࡽࠉኬẴ㔔ງἴࡷࣛࢴࣈ࡛ࣜ࠷ࡖࡒ୯ᛮኬẴ୯ࡡἴᵋ㏸࢛࣭ࣞࣚࡡὩິ࡞ࡻࡖ࡙ ࡡࡻ࠹࡞ᚺ➽ࡌࡾ࠾ࢅびῼⓏ࡞᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࡆ࡛┘Ⓩ࡚࠵ࡽࠉᾇአࡡ◂✪⩽࡛㏻ᦘࡊࡼ⌟ᅹ゛ ⏤ࢅ㐅ࡴ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ ②㇇ᅗ ″▩ ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯ᴗᇡᆀ㟀ἴエ㘋ࢅ⏕࠷ࡒ J ࣆ࣭࢘ࢫࡡ᳠ฝ࠽ࡻࡦᆀ⌣හᰶࡡ S ἴ㏷ᗐ␏᪁ᛮࡡ᳠ゞ ◂✪㛣㸯ᖲᠺ 21ࠤ23 ᖳᗐ ᡜහ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽㸯ࡊ ᡜአ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽ᩐ㸯0 ྞ ⤊㈕㸯├⤊㈕ 1,000,000 ළ 㛣⤊㈕ 0ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ᮇ◂✪ࡡ➠ୌࡡ┘Ⓩࡢࠉ⌟ᅹࡱ࡚びῼౚ࡛ࢆ࠷ᆀ⌣හᰶ୯ࢅఎ᧓ࡌࡾ S ἴ㸝J ࣆ࣭࢘ࢫ㸞 ࢅࠉᇱᆀ࿔㎮ࡷ༞ᴗểᗃ୕ࡡࣝびῼ࡚ᚋࡼࡿࡒ㐪ᆀᆀ㟀ἴエ㘋࡞ࡻࡽ᳠ฝࡊࠉහᰶ୯ࡡ S ἴ ㏷ᗐࢅ᥆ᏽࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡚࠵ࡾࠊࡱࡒ➠ࡡ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉ㉝㐠ᇡ࡚ࡵྜྷᵕ࡞ J ࣆ࣭࢘ࢫࡡ᳠ฝࢅ⾔࠷ࠉᴗ ᇡ࡚ࡡ⤎ᯕ࡛Ẓ㍉ࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࠉහᰶࡡ S ἴ㏷ᗐ␏᪁ᛮࡡ᭯↋ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅムࡲࡾࠊ ゆᯊࡡࢵ࣭࡛ࣜࡊ࡙ࠉ⏞ㄫ⩽㛜Ⓠࡊࡒ⢥ᗐ࡛゛⟤ຝ⋙ࡡⰃ࠷ධᆀ⌣ᆀ㟀ἴᙟ゛⟤ᡥἪࠔ‵⌣ᗑᵾ ⣌ᕣฦἪࠕࢅฺ⏕ࡊࠉ༞ᴗᇱᆀ࿔㎮ࡷ༞ᴗኬ㝛හ㒂࡞ᒈ㛜ࡈࡿࡒࣝびῼࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ㞗࣬ゆᯊ ࡊ J ࣆ࣭࢘ࢫࡡ᳠ฝࡡྊ⬗ᛮࢅ᳠ゞࡌࡾࠊ ◂✪ᐁ⦴ ㄚ㢗➠2ᖳᗐࡡᮇᖳࡢࠉᫎᖳᗐ࠾ࡼࡡ⌦ㄵἴᙟ゛⟤ᡥἪࡡ⢥ᗐࢷࢪࢹࡡୌ⎌࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉᏽᖏびῼⅤ࡞ຊ ࠻ᅗ㝷ᴗᖳ(IPY)࡚᩺シࡈࡿࡒ༞ᴗኬ㝛හ㝛㒂ࡡ⮣びῼⅤ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ3ᠺฦࡡᗀᖈᇡᆀ㟀ἴᙟエ㘋࡛ᮇ◂ ✪࡚㛜ⓆࡊࡒᡥἪ࡞ࡻࡾ⌦ㄵἴᙟ࡛ࡡẒ㍉ࢅ⾔࠷ࠉᮇᡥἪ༞ᴗኬ㝛හ㝛㒂࡚ࡵ⢥ᗐࡻࡂびῼἴᙟࢅ් ⌟࡚ࡀࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ☔ヾࡊࡒࠊࡱࡒ༞ᴗ࡚びῼࡈࡿࡾ㐪ᆀᆀ㟀ἴᙟࢅࡻࡽ⢥ᗐࡻࡂ්⌟ࡌࡾࡒࡴࠉ⌦ㄵἴᙟ ゛⟤ᡥἪ࡞ᆀ⌣ࡡ⮤ᕤ㔔ງࡡຝᯕࢅཱིࡽ㎰ࢆࡓࠊ2010ᖳ7᭮࡞ࣆࣛࣅ࡚ࣤⓆ⏍ࡊࡒⓆᆀ㟀࡞ࡗ࠷࡙J ࣆ࣭࢘ࢫࡡྜྷᏽࢅムࡲࡒࠉⓆず࡞ࡢ⮫ࡼ࠾ࡖࡒࠊ ᮇ◂✪࡚㛜Ⓠࡊ࡙࠷ࡾ⌦ㄵἴᙟ゛⟤ᡥἪࠔ⌣ᗑᵾ⣌2.5ḗඔᕣฦἪࠕࡡ⢥ᗐࢲ࢘ࢴࢠࡢᫎᖳᗐࠉ1994 ᖳ࣍ࣛࣄⓆᆀ㟀(Mw㸲8.2)࡚びῼࡈࡿࡒᅗ㝷ࢸࢩࢰࣜᆀ㟀びῼ⥑(FDSN)ᏽᖏびῼⅤࡡ୕ୖິエ㘋࡞ ࡗ࠷࡙⾔ࡖࡒࠊᮇᖳᗐࡢ2009ᖳ11᭮9ࡡࣆࢩ࣭Ⓠᆀ㟀(Mw=7.2)࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉᏽᖏびῼⅤࡡ࠾࡞ IPY2007-2008࡞ఔ࠹ࣈࣞࢩ࢘ࢠࢹ࡚᩺シࡈࡿࡒ༞ᴗኬ㝛හ㝛㒂ࡡびῼⅤ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ3ᠺฦびῼἴᙟ࡛⌦ㄵ Ѹ 131Ѹ ― 136 ― ἴᙟ࡛ࡡẒ㍉ࢅ⾔࠷ࠉểᗃࡡᙫ㡢ࢅུࡄࡾ༞ᴗኬ㝛හ㝛㒂ࡡびῼࢸ࣭ࢰࡵᮇ◂✪ࢰ࣭ࢣࢴࢹ࡛ࡌࡾ࿔ ἴᩐᖈᇡ࡚⢥ᗐࡻࡂ්⌟࡚ࡀࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ☔ヾࡊࡒࠊ ࡱࡒᮇㄚ㢗࡚ᑊ㇗࡛ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾ J ࣆ࣭࢘ࢫࡡ᳠ฝ࡞㐲ࡊࡒࢸ࣭ࢰࡢࠉᆀ⌣୯ᚨぽ࡚ 130rࠤ160r⛤ᗐࡡ 㟀ኳ㊝㞫ࢅᣚࡗびῼⅤ࡞࠽ࡄࡾẒ㍉Ⓩ㛏࿔ࡡᆀ㟀ἴエ㘋࡚࠵ࡾࠊ࿔ 100s ௧୕ࡡᆀ㟀ἴᙟ࡞ࡢ፳㈹ ࡡ⮤ᕤ㔔ງࡡຝᯕ⌟ࡿࡾࡆ࡛▩ࡼࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡆࡿࡢ≁࡞㛏࿔ࡡ㐪ᆀᆀ㟀ἴエ㘋࡞ࡢ㢟ⴥ࡞ࡾ ࡒࡴࠉࡆࡡࡻ࠹びῼᆀ㟀ἴᙟ࡛⌦ㄵᆀ㟀ἴᙟ࡛ࢅ├Ẓ㍉ࡌࡾࡒࡴ࡞ࡢࠉ⌦ㄵἴᙟ゛⟤ᡥἪ࡞ᆀ⌣ ࡡ⮤ᕤ㔔ງࡡຝᯕࢅᑙථࡌࡾࡆ࡛᭻ࡱࡊ࠷ࠊ⮤ᕤ㔔ງࢅ⩻៎ࡊࡒᆀ㟀ἴࡡ㐘ິ᪁⛤ᘟ࡞ࡢࠉ㔔ງ࣎ ࢷࣤࢨࣔࣜ(1)ࠉ࠽ࡻࡦንన࡞ࡻࡾ㔔ງ࣎ࢷࣤࢨࣔࣜࡡᨈ(2)ࢅྱࡳ㡧⌟ࡿࡾࠊࡆࡡ࠹ࡔ(2)ࢅ゛⟤ࡌ ࡾࡒࡴ࡞ࡢࠉ㛣ࢪࢷࢴࣈ࡚ᚋࡼࡿࡒንనࡡᐞࢅධᆀ⌣࡞ࡗ࠷࡙㊂ࡊྙࢂࡎࡾᚪこ࠵ࡽࠉ゛⟤ 㛣⭶ኬ࡛ࡾࠊࡊࡒࡖ࡙ᅂࡢࠉ(2)ࡡ㡧ࢅࢭ࡛ࣞࡌࡾ࢜ࣛࣤࢡ㎾జࢅ⏕࠷࡙⮤ᕤ㔔ງࡡᑙථ ࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ ③KERO Johan Ranold㸝୯ᮟ༜ྒྷ㸞 ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯㧏ฦゆ⬗࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ᖱῦ゛࡛ ICCD ࣒࢜ࣚ࡞ࡻࡾὮ᫅ࡡ㞹㞫࡛Ⓠක࡞㛭ࡌࡾ◂✪ ◂✪㛣㸯ᖲᠺ 20ࠤ22 ᖳᗐ ᡜහ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽㸯ࡊ ᡜአ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽ᩐ㸯0 ྞ ⤊㈕㸯├⤊㈕ 600,000 ළ 㛣⤊㈕ 0ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ᆀ⌣አ࠾ࡼኬẴᅥ࡞✲ථࡌࡾὮ᫅∸㈹ࡢࠉ⛸ࠍࡡඔ⣪ࡡὮථࠉࢱࢪࢹ࡛ࡊ࡙୯ᒒኬẴ୯࡚ࡡ㞴ᙟᠺ ࡷᏕཬᚺಀ㐅ࠉ㣍⩟మࡡࣀࢧ࣭ࢺࠉᠻࠍࡡᆀ⌣ࡡᙫ㡢ኬ࡚࠵ࡾࠊࡊ࠾ࡊࡼࠉኬẴ✲ ථࡡ∸⌦㐛⛤࡛ࡂ࡞ࣆࣚࢡ࣒ࣤࢷ࣭ࢨࣘࣤࡡリ⣵ᮅゆ᪺࡚࠵ࡽࠉකᏕࡷ㞹ἴびῼ࠾ࡼḿ☔㈹㔖 ࣆࣚࢴࢠࢪࢅịࡴࡒࡽࠉኬẴ୯࡚ࡡ᚜ᑚࢱࢪࢹࡡ㧏ᗐฦᕱࢅ᥆ᏽࡊࡒࡽࡌࡾࡆ࡛ᅏ㞬࡞ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ ᮇ◂✪࡚ࡢࠉ᭩㎾ᑙථࡈࡿࡒ㉰ኣࢲࣔࣤࢾࣜࡡུಘ⣌࡚㧏ᛮ⬗㞹ἴᖱῦ゛ᵋᠺ࡚ࡀࡾኬᆵኬẴࣝ ࣭ࢱ࣭ࠔMU ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࠕ࡞ࠉ㉰㧏វᗐࡡ ICCD ࣒࢜ࣚࢅ⤄ࡲྙࢂࡎ࡙ࠉ㞹ἴ࠽ࡻࡦකᏕࡡ㧏វᗐ࣬㧏 ⢥ᗐྜྷびῼ࡚ࠉὮ᫅∸㈹ࡡኬẴ࡛ࡡ┞பష⏕ࠉ࡛ࡂ࡞㞹㞫Ⓠකࡡࣆࣚࢡ࣒ࣤࢷ࣭ࢨࣘࣤࡡ∸⌦ࢅ ᏽ㔖Ⓩ࡞᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡌࡾࠊ ◂✪ᐁ⦴ ᮇ◂✪࡚ࡢࠉ᭩㎾ᑙථࡈࡿࡒ㉰ኣࢲࣔࣤࢾࣜࡡུಘ⣌࡚㧏ᛮ⬗㞹ἴᖱῦ゛ᵋᠺ࡚ࡀࡾኬᆵኬẴ ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࠔMU ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࠕ࡞ࠉ㉰㧏វᗐࡡ ICCD ࣒࢜ࣚࢅ⤄ࡲྙࢂࡎ࡙ࠉ㞹ἴ࠽ࡻࡦකᏕࡡ㧏វᗐ࣬ 㧏⢥ᗐྜྷびῼ࡚ࠉὮ᫅∸㈹ࡡኬẴ࡛ࡡ┞பష⏕ࠉ࡛ࡂ࡞㞹㞫Ⓠකࡡࣆࣚࢡ࣒ࣤࢷ࣭ࢨࣘࣤࡡ∸⌦ ࢅᏽ㔖Ⓩ࡞᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ ᮇᖳᗐࡢࠉ๑ᖳᗐ࡞ᘤࡀ⤾ࡀẎ᭮ 24 㛣ࡡකᏕ࠽ࡻࡦ㞹ἴ࡞ࡻࡾ࣭࢞ࣔࣤ࣋ࣤびῼࢅ⾔࠷ࠉኣࡂࡡ කᏕ࣭࣬ࣝࢱ࣭ࡡྜྷὮ᫅ࡡࢸ࣭ࢰࢅཱིᚋ࡚ࡀࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉ10 ᭮࡞ࡢ࢛࢛ࣛࣤᗑὮ᫅⩄ࡡびῼ࢞ࣔࣤ࣋ ࣭ࣤࢅᅗ❟ኮᩝྋ࣬ῳ㒂₮ୌẮࡼࡡࢡ࣭ࣜࣈ࡛ࡵභྜྷ࡚㛏㛣࡞ࢂࡒࡖ࡙⾔ࡖࡒࠊ ࢸ࣭ࢰゆᯊ࡚ࡢ ICCD ࣄࢸ࢛⏤ാࡡゆᯊ᪁ἪࢅᨭⰃࡊ࡙ 1/60 ⛂ࡡࣆ࣭ࣜࢺẎࡡࢸ࣭ࢰゆᯊࢅ⾔࠷ࠉ ◂✪ဤࡡ㛜Ⓠࡊ࡙ࡀࡒࣆࣚࢡ࣒ࣤࢷ࣭ࢨ࣓ࣘࣤࢸ࡛ࣜࡡẒ㍉ࢅ㐅ࡴࠉ2 మ࡞ฦ㞫ࡌࡾὮ᫅ࡡᖱῦ࠽ࡻ ࡦ΅㏷ࡡᵕᏄࢅリ⣵࡞᳠ゞࡊࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉ◂✪༝ງ⩽ࡡ୕⏛ࠉ⸠ཋࡼࡡኣⅤ࡚ࡡࣄࢸ࢛びῼ࡛ࡡྜྷび ῼࡵ㐅ࡴࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࡀࡒࠊ Ѹ 132Ѹ ― 137 ― ࡱࡒࠉEISCAT ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭࡛ࡡẒ㍉࡚ࡢࠉ࡛ࡂ࡞ MU ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࡡᗀ࠷ࣄ࣭࣑ࢅὩ࠾ࡊࡒᩋ᩷㟻✒ࡡ 㛏㛣࡞ࢂࡒࡾንࡡびῼ࡚ࠉ㹋㸽㸻࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࡡඁనᛮࢅ♟ࡌࡆ࡛࡚ࡀࡒࠊ ௧୕ࡡࡻ࠹࡞ࠉᮇᖳᗐࡢࡆࡿࡱ࡚ࡡࢸ࣭ࢰ࡞ຊ࠻࡙びῼࢸ࣭ࢰࢅᣉᘿࡊࡐࡡྜྷࢸ࣭ࢰᩐࡢ 170 ౚ ࢅ㉰࠻ࡆࡡ⛸ࡡびῼ࡚ࡢୠ⏲᭩㧏࡚࠵ࡽࠉࡈࡼ࡞ࢸ࣭ࢰゆᯊࢅ㐅ࡴࡾࡆ࡛࡚࡞㢦ࢅࡲ࠷㧏⢥ᗐࡡ ࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪࢅᚋࡾࡆ࡛࡞ᠺຉࡊࠉࡐࡡᠺᯕࡢᅗ㝷ఌ㆗࡚Ⓠ⾪ࡊይビࢅᚋࡒࠊ⌟ᅹㄵᩝࢅᢖ✇୯(ᨭゖ ୯)࡚࠵ࡽࡈࡼ࡞ᩐ⥽ࢅᇮ➱୯࡚࠵ࡾࠊ ④SZASZ Csilla㸝୯ᮟ༜ྒྷ㸞 ◂✪ㄚ㢗㸯MU ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭࡛ EISCAT ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭࡞ࡻࡾ㉫″ኮమืὮ᫅ᩐࡡᏒ⟿ንࡡ◂✪ ◂✪㛣㸯ᖲᠺ 20ࠤ22 ᖳᗐ ᡜහ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽㸯ࡊ ᡜአ◂✪ฦᢰ⩽ᩐ㸯0 ྞ ⤊㈕㸯├⤊㈕ 500,000 ළ 㛣⤊㈕ 0ළ ◂✪┘Ⓩ ᆀ⌣አ࠾ࡼኬẴᅥ࡞✲ථࡌࡾὮ᫅∸㈹ࡢࠉ⛸ࠍࡡඔ⣪ࡡὮථࠉࢱࢪࢹ࡛ࡊ࡙୯ᒒኬẴ୯࡚ࡡ㞴ᙟᠺ ࡷᏕཬᚺಀ㐅ࠉ㣍⩟మࡡࣀࢧ࣭ࢺࠉᠻࠍࡡᆀ⌣ࡡᙫ㡢ኬ࡚࠵ࡾࠉࡐࡡฦᕱࡢᮅࡓ༎ฦ ࡞ゆ᪺ࡈࡿ࡙࠷࠷ࠊࡆࡿࡼࡡὮ᫅ࡡኬ㒂ฦࡢᩋᅹὮ࡛᫅ࡣࡿࡾ≁ᏽࡡ㍵ᑏⅤࢅᣚࡒ࠷Ὦ࡚᫅࠵ ࡾࠉᩋᅹὮ᫅ࡵ➴᪁࡚ࡢࡂࡐࡡ㌮㐠ࡢ࠷ࡂࡗ࠾ࡡ㞗୯ずࡼࡿࡾࠊᮇ◂✪࡚ࡢࠉ༖⌣୯⦃ᗐ࡚ ᭩ࡵ㧏ᛮ⬗Ὦ࣭᫅ࣝࢱ࣭࡛ࡊ࡙✄ິ࡚ࡀࡾா㒌ኬᏕࡡኬẴびῼ⏕ኬᆵ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭㸯MU ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࢅ⏕ ࠷࡙ࠉ㣍㊟࢙ࢤ࣭ࠉࣉࢴࢺ࢙ࢤ࣭࡛࠷࠹㸧ࡗࡡ␏ࡾびῼἪࡡ⤎ᯕࢅ⤄ࡲྙࢂࡎ༖⌣୯⦃ᗐࡡ⛸ࠍ ࡡࢮ࣭ࢪࡡὮ᫅ᩐࡡንࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾ࡛࡛ࡵ࡞㧏⦃ᗐࡡ EISCAT ࡐࡡࡡ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࡡ⤎ᯕ࡛ྙࢂࡎ ࡙ࢡ࣭ࣞࣁࣜὮ᫅ᩐࡡᏒ⟿ንฦᕱࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡌࡾࠊ ◂✪ᐁ⦴ ᮇ◂✪࡚ࡢࠉ༖⌣୯⦃ᗐ࡚᭩ࡵ㧏ᛮ⬗Ὦ࣭᫅ࣝࢱ࣭࡛ࡊ࡙✄ິ࡚ࡀࡾா㒌ኬᏕࡡኬẴびῼ⏕ኬ ᆵ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭࡚࠵ࡾ MU ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࢅ⏕࠷࡙ࠉ⛸ࠍࡡᩋᅹὮ᫅ࢮ࣭ࢪࡡὮ᫅ࣆࣚࢴࢠࢪࡡንࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ ࡌࡾ࡛࡛ࡵ࡞㧏⦃ᗐࡡ EISCAT ࡐࡡࡡ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࡡ⤎ᯕ࡛ྙࢂࡎ࡙ࢡ࣭ࣞࣁࣜὮ᫅ᩐࡡᏒ⟿ንฦ ᕱࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊᮇᖳᗐࡢୖエࡡࡻ࠹࡞ᴗࡴ࡙㡨ㄢ࡞◂✪㐅ᒈࡊࡒࠊ 㸦㸞ࢸ࣭ࢰゆᯊ࡛ࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪ ๑ᖳᗐ࠾ࡼ⤽⤾ࡊ࡙ࠉMU ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭࡞ࡻࡾẎ᭮ 24 㛣ࡡ࢞ࣔࣤ ࣭࣋ࣤびῼࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊ㞗✒ࡊࡒὮ᫅ࣉࢴࢺ࢙ࢤ࣭ࢸ࣭ࢰࡢ 1 ᖳฦ௧୕࡞ࡡࡽࠉࡆࡿࢅゆᯊࡊ㍵ᑏ Ⅴࡡኮ⌣୕ࡡ࣏ࢴࣈࡡᖳ࿔ንࢅᚋࡾࡆ࡛࡞ᠺຉࡊࡒࠊࡌࢂࡔࠉࢮ࣭ࢪ㸝ኯ㝟ࠉ༖ኯ㝟ࠉྡྷⅤ᪁ྡྷ 㸞ẎࡡᏒ⟿ን࡛ࡐࡡ≁ᛮࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡊࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉකᏕびῼ࡛ࡡẒ㍉࠾ࡼὮ࢙᫅ࢤ࣭ࡡᑊᚺࡌࡾ කᗐ࡛㈹㔖⠂ᅑࢅ᥆ᏽࡊࡒࠊᩋᅹὮ᫅ࡡࠉࣉࢴࢺ࢙ࢤ࣭びῼ࡞ࡻࡾ⩄Ὦ᫅ࡢᕵᑛ࡚࠵ࡽリࡊࡂゆᯊ ࡊࡒࠊ࡛ࡂ࡞ࠉ10 ᭮ࡡ࢛࢛ࣛࣤᗑὮ᫅⩄࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡢ 2009 ᖳࡡࢹࣁ࣭ࢪࢹࢅᤂ࠻ࡾࡆ࡛࡞ᠺຉࡊࠉ ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ᩋ᩷㟻✒࡛࢙ࢤ࣭ࡡ✭㛣ฦᕱ࠾ࡼࠉ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࡡびῼ✭㛣⠂ᅑࢅ⢥ᐠ࡞᥆ᏽࡊࠉὮ᫅ࣆࣚࢴ ࢠࢪࢅịࡴࡾࡆ࡛࡞ᠺຉࡊࡒࠊ࢛࢛ࣛࣤᗑὮ᫅⩄ࡢࠉ2010 ᖳࡵびῼ㛣ࢅᣉኬࡊ࡙びῼࡊࠉ⌟ᅹゆᯊ ୯࡚࠵ࡾࠊ௧୕ࡡࢸ࣭ࢰࡢࠉකᏕびῼࢸ࣭ࢰ࡛ࡵྙࢂࡎ࡙ࢸ࣭ࢰ࣭࣊ࢪࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ 㸧㸞EISCAT ࡡ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭࡛ࡡẒ㍉᳠ゞ ≁ื◂✪ဤࡆࡿࡱ࡚ゆᯊ◂✪ࡒ EISCAT ࡢࡋࡴ⛸ࠍࡡ ⦃ᗐ㸝㧏⦃ᗐࠉ⦃ᗐ㸞ࡡ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭びῼࢸ࣭ࢰ࡛㹂㹊࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࡡ⤎ᯕࠉᛮ⬗ࢅẒ㍉ࡊࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉ༞ᴗ ᇡิࡡኬᆵኬẴ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭࡛ࡾ PANSY ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭࡚ࡡࣉࢴࢺ࢙ࢤ࣭びῼ༞ኮࢅྱࡴࡒධኮࡡὮ᫅ࢅ Ѹ 133Ѹ ― 138 ― ࢜ࣁ࣭ࡌࡾ୕࡚㔔こ࡚࠵ࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ♟ࡊࡒࠊ ௧୕ࡡ◂✪⤎ᯕࡢᅗ㝷ఌ㆗࡚Ⓠ⾪ࡊይビࢅᚋ࡙࠽ࡽࠉㄵᩝヽ࡞ᢖ✇㸝ᨭゖ㸞୯࡚࠵ࡾࠉ⤽⤾ࡊ࡙ᩐ ⥽ࢅᇮ➱୯࡚࠵ࡾࠊ 8㸣ࡐࡡࡡአ㒂㈠㔘 ࡊ Ѹ 134Ѹ ― 139 ― 9㸣භྜྷ◂✪࣬◂✪༝ງ 1) ༝ᏽ࡞ᇱࡘࡂ㏻ᦘ ┞ᡥᶭ㛭 㛣 ᾇ㐠ኬᏕῺ⛁Ꮥ◂✪ᡜ H20.12.16H24.3.31 ᮶ாᾇὊኬᏕ H21.2.9H24.3.31 ずᕝᴏኬᏕ H22.4.4H25.3.31 ྞཿᒁኬᏕ ኯ㝟ᆀ⌣⎌ሾ◂✪ᡜ H22.9.14H25.3.31 ா㒌ኬᏕ⿿⏍Ꮛᅥ◂✪ᡜ H23.3.15H25.3.31 ᴏྞ㸝㡧㸞 ᅗ❟ኬᏕἪெᾇ㐠ኬᏕῺ⛁Ꮥ◂✪ᡜ࡛ኬᏕභྜྷฺ⏕ᶭ 㛭Ἢெሒ㹺ࢨࢪࢷ࣑◂✪ᶭᵋᅗ❟ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ࡛ࡡ㏻ᦘ࣬༝ ງ࡞㛭ࡌࡾ༝ᏽ ᅗ❟ኬᏕἪெ᮶ாᾇὊኬᏕ࡛ኬᏕභྜྷฺ⏕ᶭ㛭Ἢெሒ㹺ࢨ ࢪࢷ࣑◂✪ᶭᵋᅗ❟ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ࡛ࡡ㏻ᦘ࣬༝ງ࡞㛭ࡌࡾ༝ᏽ ᅗ❟ኬᏕἪெずᕝᴏኬᏕ࡛ኬᏕභྜྷฺ⏕ᶭ㛭Ἢெሒ㹺ࢨ ࢪࢷ࣑◂✪ᶭᵋᅗ❟ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ࡛ࡡ㏻ᦘ࣬༝ງ࡞㛭ࡌࡾ༝ᏽ ᅗ❟ኬᏕἪெྞཿᒁኬᏕኯ㝟ᆀ⌣⎌ሾ◂✪ᡜ࡛ኬᏕභྜྷฺ ⏕ᶭ㛭ሒ㹺ࢨࢪࢷ࣑◂✪ᶭᵋᅗ❟ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ࡛ࡡ㏻ᦘ࣬༝ ງ࡞㛭ࡌࡾ༝ᏽ ᅗ❟ኬᏕἪொ㒌ኬᏕ⏍Ꮛᅥ◂✪ᡜ࡛ኬᏕභྜྷฺ⏕ᶭ㛭Ἢ ெሒ㹺ࢨࢪࢷ࣑◂✪ᶭᵋᅗ❟ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ࡛ࡡ㏻ᦘ࣬༝ງ࡞ 㛭ࡌࡾ༝ᏽ 2㸞ᶭ㛭࡛ࡡභྜྷ◂✪ ┞ᡥᶭ㛭 Ắ ྞ ◂✪㢗┘ ᮶ாኬᏕ ᒜහ ༞ᴗᇱᆀኬᆵኬẴ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࢅ⏕࠷ࡒኬẴ⛁Ꮥ ࡡྊ⬗ᛮ ≺❟⾔ᨳἪெᏫᏼ⯗✭◂✪㛜Ⓠ ᶭᵋᏫᏼ⛁Ꮥ◂✪ᮇ㒂 ῳ㑋◂ኯ㑳 ᶅ᧻Ꮻᏼ⎌ሾ࡛ࡊ࡙ࡡ༞ᴗฺ⏕◂✪ ᮶ாᾇὊኬᏕ ᑚ㐡ᜇኰ ༞ኬὊࡡ⎌ሾንິ࡛⏍ឺ⣌ንິ ࢱ࢞ࣤᕝᴏᰬᘟఌ♣ けᕖ┤྿ ᴗᆀ⏕ࣃ࣭ࢹ࣎ࣤࣈࡡ᭩㐲ᵕࡡ᳠ゞ࡛ᑙථຝᯕࡡビ౮ ᰬᘟఌ♣ࣂࢪࢤ ᅰᾀୌ㑳 㹍ࣁࣤࢺྙᠺ㛜ཾ࣭ࣝࢱࢸ࣭ࢰ TerraSAR-X ࢅ⏕࠷ࡒ༞ᴗび ῼ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ㹍ࣁࣤࢺࢸ࣭ࢰࡡ᭯ຝᛮࡡ᳠チ Ѹ 135Ѹ ― 140 ― 3㸞භྜྷ◂✪⩽ࡡུࡄථࡿᐁ⦴ ༇䚭ฦ ெ䚭ᩐ 䟺හ䚮አᅗெ䟻 ᖲ ᠺ 䟺හ䚮ኬᏕ㝌⏍䟻 ᘇெᩐ 䠄 䠄 䟺හ䚮አᅗெ䟻 ᖳ 䟺හ䚮ኬᏕ㝌⏍䟻 ᶭ㛭ᩐ ྙ䚭゛ 834 (51) (74) 986 (30) (52) 254 ᅗ❟ኬᏕ 385 (5) (52) 569 (5) (46) 52 ኬᏕභྜྷ ප❟ኬᏕ ⚶❟ኬᏕ පⓏᶭ㛭 Ằ㛣ᶭ㛭 አᅗᶭ㛭 ฺ⏕ᶭ㛭 10 (0) (0) 10 (0) (0) 3 26 (1) (6) 21 (0) (2) 7 125 (2) (16) 131 (1) (4) 56 129 (2) 78 (1) 31 101 (0) (0) 82 (0) (0) 67 48 (41) (0) 83 (23) (0) 35 䛣䛴 10 (0) (0) 12 (0) (0) 3 ᙟឺืභྜྷ◂✪⩽䛴ུථ≟Ἓ ெ䚭ᩐ ᘇ䛿ெᩐ 䟺ெ䝿䟻 ᶭ㛭ᩐ ୌ⯙පຽ䛱䜎䜑භྜྷ◂✪䛭ᡜአ䛴◂✪⩽䛒ᡜහᩅဤ䛮༝ງ䛝䛬 ᴗᆀ䛱㛭䛟䜑◂✪ 287 432 106 ◂✪ᡜ䛒㔔ⅤⓏ䝿゛⏤Ⓩ䛱᥆㐅䛟䜑◂✪ᴏ䚯ᴗᇡ⛁Ꮥ䛴◂✪ 䝛䝱䜼䜫䜳䝌䛭䚮᩶᩺䛭≺ᛮ䛒䛈䜐䚮ୠ⏲䛴䝌䝇䝛䜳䝭䜽䛴◂✪䛱 ◂✪䝛䝱䜼䜫䜳䝌 䛪䛰䛒䜑㐅䝛䝱䜼䜫䜳䝌䛮䚮≁Ⰵ䛒䛈䜐㥉Ⓩ䛰◂✪䜘ṹ䛱Ⓠ ᒈ䛛䛡䜑䛥䜇䛴䝛䝱䜼䜫䜳䝌◂✪䛒䛈䜑䚯 268 170 94 ฦ䚭㢦 ୌ⯙භྜྷ◂✪ හ䚭䚭䚭䚭䚭䚭䚭䚭䚭ᐖ ༞ᴗびῼ 䟺◂✪びῼ䟻 ༞ᴗびῼᴏ䛮䛝䛬༞ᴗᆀᇡ䛱䛐䛊䛬ᐁ᪃䛛䜒䚮ኬ䛓䛰⛁ᏕⓏᠺ ᯕ䛒ᙽ䛭䛓䜑びῼභྜྷ◂✪ 159 151 61 ◂✪㞗ఌ ◂✪ᡜ䛒⾔䛩䛬䛊䜑ᴗᇡ⛁Ꮥ䛴◂✪䛱㛭㏻䛝䚮◂✪䛴᪁ྡྷᛮ䜊 ᪁Ἢㄵ䚮ᠺᯕ䛱䛪䛊䛬䛴㆗ㄵ䚮᳠ゞ䜘⾔䛌䚮භྜྷ◂✪䛴◂✪゛⏤ 䛴ゞㄵ䜘┘Ⓩ䛮䛟䜑㞗ఌ 289 462 135 1,003 1,215 396 ྙ䚭゛ -136- ― 141 ― 10㸣ୌ⯙භྜྷ◂✪ ᖲᠺ22ᖳᗐୌ⯙භྜྷ◂✪゛⏤ୌぬ ฦ㻃㔕 ᡜ ᒌ 䡗 ⫃ ◂✪⩽ྞ ◂䚭䚭䚭✪䚭䚭䚭ㄚ䚭䚭䚭㢗 㛣 ኰ ྞཿᒁኬᏕኯ㝟ᆀ⌣⎌ሾ◂✪ᡜ䝿ᩅ 㧏វᗐකᏕびῼ䝑䝇䝌䝳䞀䜳䛱䜎䜑㞹㞫ᅥ䡗⇍ᅥ䡗୯ 㛣ᅥ䝄䜨䝎䝣䜳䜽䛴◂✪ ྚ ᕖ 㢟 ḿ ஐᕗኬᏕᏼ✭⎌ሾ◂✪䜿䝷䝃䞀䡗ຐᩅ Hallභᙲ㞹Ὦ䜘⏕䛊䛥CowlingຝᯕゆᯊᡥἪ䛴㛜Ⓠ 20ࠤ22 Ḁ ᩏ ᒜᙟኬᏕ⌦Ꮥ㒂䡗ᩅ 䜦䜨䜽䝭䝷䝍䛱䛐䛗䜑Ꮻᏼ⥲⏍ᠺᰶ⛸ᙁᗐ䛴㛣ን ິ䛮ኯ㝟Ὡິ䛴㛭౿䛱䛪䛊䛬䛴◂✪ 20ࠤ22 ⮳ ⱝ ா㒌ኬᏕ⏍Ꮛᅥ◂✪ᡜ䡗ᩅ ᴗᇡ⾠᫅ᖈ㞹䛱㛭䛟䜑䝛䝭䜾䝢䜻䝣䝩䝰䞀䜻䝫䝷◂✪ 20ࠤ22 ኬ ሪ 㞕 ୌ ྞཿᒁኬᏕኯ㝟ᆀ⌣⎌ሾ◂✪ᡜ䡗ຐᩅ ᴗᇡ䛱䛐䛗䜑GPS䜻䝷䝅䝰䞀䜻䝫䝷びῼ 20ࠤ22 ᰐ ᓧ ኰ ᅢᏟ㝌ኬᏟᩝᏕ㒂䡗ᩅ 䜮䝂䝷䝟䞀䝯ᅂᚗ㐛⛤䛴◂✪ 20ࠤ22 䝮䝦䞀䝌䜿䝷䜻䝷䜴びῼ䛮䝦䝋䝯䛴⤎ྙ䛱䜎䜑ᴗᇡ㞹 ☚ᅥ䝄䜨䝎䝣䜳䜽䛴◂✪ 20ࠤ22 䜹䝚䜽䝌䞀䝤䛱䛮䜈䛰䛌㐵ⶰ㞹ሔ䛴Ⓠ㐡䛱㛭䛟◂✪ 20ࠤ22 GPSTEC䛱䜎䜑㞹㞫ᅥᨈ䛴✭㛣ንິ䛮ᆀᅥ䇩ኬ Ẵᅥ䇩㞹㞫ᅥ⤎ྙ䛱㛭㏻䛟䜑◂✪ 20ࠤ22 ᏼ✭ᅥ ሲ ᕖ ⏛ ཾ ᶣᮇ ⪵ 㞹Ẵ㏳ಘኬᏕ㞹Ẵ㏳ಘᏕ㒂䡗ᩅ ⨶Ꮔ ᭱ 㒂 ග ᕦ ༐ⴝኬᏕኬᏕ㝌⌦Ꮥ◂✪⛁䡗ᩅ ఘ ୌ 㑳 ྞཿᒁኬᏕኯ㝟ᆀ⌣⎌ሾ◂✪ᡜ䡗ຐᩅ EISCAT䝰䞀䝄䞀⏕ಘྒฌ⌦⨠䛴㛜Ⓠ ኬᒜ 㧏 ᶣ け ᖶ ᘧ ᮶ኬᏕኬᏕ㝌⌦Ꮥ◂✪⛁䡗ᩅ ㆺ 㔕 ⃕ ᮟ ⠓ ྚങᅗ㝷ኬᏕᨳ➿䢁䡺䡮䢐䢄䢏䡶Ꮥ㒂䝿ᩅ 20ࠤ22 20ࠤ22 ᭻ ྞཿᒁኬᏕኯ㝟ᆀ⌣⎌ሾ◂✪ᡜ䡗ᩅ SuperDARN䛱䜎䜑ᴗᇡ䡗୯⦃ᗐ㞹㞫ᅥ䝄䜨䝎䝣䜳䜽䛴 20ࠤ22 Ẓ㍉◂✪ ᚠ ྞཿᒁኬᏕኯ㝟ᆀ⌣⎌ሾ◂✪ᡜ䝿ᩅ Ḛ䛱䛐䛗䜑䝰䞀䝄䞀䛐䜎䛹කᏕびῼᶭჹ䜘⏕䛊䛥 21ࠤ23 ୖ㒂⇍ᅥ䝿୯㛣ᅥ䛴びῼ◂✪ ኯ㑳 ཋ ᗀᖈᇡୠ⏲ELF☚ሔ゛ῼ䝑䝇䝌䝳䞀䜳䛮ᴗᇡ⥪ྙび ῼ䛱䜎䜑ᏫᏼẴು◂✪䛴ᵋ⠇ 20ࠤ22 ᚠᒜᕝᴏ㧏➴ᑍ㛓Ꮥᰧᶭ㞹ẴᕝᏕ ⛁䝿ຐᩅ Ꮥ ஐᕗኬᏕኬᏕ㝌⌦Ꮥ◂✪㝌䝿≁௴ຐᩅ ᴗᇡULFἴິ䛮୯㧏䜬䝑䝯䜲䞀⢇Ꮔንິ䛴Ẓ㍉◂ ✪ 21ࠤ23 ▯ἴ䝰䞀䝄䞀㞹ሔびῼ䛱䜎䜑ᴗᇡ䛑䜏⦃ᗐ䝿㉝㐠 ᇡ䛾䛴㞹☚ሔථ䛴◂✪ 21ࠤ23 21ࠤ23 ᕬ ⏛ ⏠ ᢽṢኬᏕᕝᏕ㒂䝿ᩅ ᆀ⌣☚ሔ΅ᑛ䛱䜎䜑㉰㧏ᒒኬẴ⎌ሾ䛾䛴ᙫ㡢 ⰶ ཋ ᐖ ⱝ ᒜᕝᴏ㧏➴ᑍ㛓Ꮥᰧ䝿ᩅ ᆀ⌣☚Ẵᅥහཀྵ䛹㎾എ䛱䛐䛗䜑ἴິ䝦䞀䝍ྜྷᏽ䛮ἴ 21ࠤ23 ິ䌝 ⢇Ꮔ┞பష⏕䛱㛭䛟䜑◂✪ ୯ ᕖ 㐠 ኰ ኬ㜨⏐ᴏኬᏕᕝᏕ㒂䝿ᩅ 䜮䞀䝱䝭X⥲䛴Ⓠ⏍ᶭᵋ䛮㧏䜬䝑䝯䜲䞀⢇Ꮔຊ㏷䛴 ◂✪ 21ࠤ23 ⃕ ᾀ ᮶ኬᏕኬᏕ㝌⌦Ꮥ◂✪⛁䝿ᩅ ᏫᏼኮẴ䛮䛣䛴ሾ⏲㡷ᇡ䛴◂✪ 21ࠤ23 ἑ 㔕 ⱝ ஐᕗኬᏕᏼ✭⎌ሾ◂✪䜿䝷䝃䞀䝿ᩅ ᆀ୕☚ሔびῼ⥑䝋䞀䝃䜘⏕䛊䛥☚Ẵᅥ䝛䝭䜾䝢ᐠᗐ 21ࠤ23 ᥆ᏽ ᒱ ᮶ኬᏕ䝿ྞ・ᩅ 䜮䞀䝱䝭⢇Ꮔຊ㏷䛮☚Ẵᅥ䜹䝚䜽䝌䞀䝤onset 21ࠤ23 21ࠤ23 ᪡ ᕖ ḿ ኃ 㞹Ẵ㏳ಘኬᏕ㞹Ẵ㏳ಘᏕ㒂䝿ᩅ 㞶ᨲ㞹䛮୕ᒒኬẴᅥ/㞹㞫ᅥ䛮䛴㞹☚⤎ྙ䛱㛭䛟䜑 ◂✪ ⣵ ᕖ ᩏ ♰ 㞹Ẵ㏳ಘኬᏕ㞹Ẵ㏳ಘᏕ㒂䝿ຐᩅ කᏕ䝿䝰䞀䝄䞀䝿ᆀ☚Ẵ䝿GPS-TEC䝋䞀䝃䜘⏕䛊䛥ᴗ 21ࠤ23 ᇡ㞹☚ᅥ䝄䜨䝎䝣䜳䜽 ᑚ 㔕 㧏 ᖶ ᮶ኬᏕኬᏕ㝌⌦Ꮥ◂✪⛁䝿ᩅ ⾠᫅びῼ䛮ᆀ୕びῼ䛴ᑊẒ䛱䜎䜑Ꮻᏼᔋ䛴හ㒂 ☚Ẵᅥ䝛䝭䜾䝢䝄䜨䝎䝣䜳䜽ཀྵ䛹㞹㞫ᅥ䌝 ☚Ẵᅥ⤎ ྙ䛴ゆ᪺ ― 142 ― 㻔㻒㻔㻖㻚 21ࠤ23 ฦ㻃㔕 ᡜ ᒌ 䡗 ⫃ ◂✪⩽ྞ ᏼ✭ᅥ … ඔ ΰ ᩝ ◂䚭䚭䚭✪䚭䚭䚭ㄚ䚭䚭䚭㢗 ஐᕗኬᏕᏫᏼ⎌ሾ◂✪䜿䝷䝃䞀䝿䜿䝷 䝃䞀㛏 㛣 ධ⌣Ⓩ䛰Ꮻᏼ㞹☚ሔ⎌ሾንິ䝋䞀䝃䛴ゆᯊ◂✪ 22ࠤ24 22ࠤ24 ⸠ ཋ ᆍ ᮶ኬᏕኬᏕ㝌⌦Ꮥ◂✪⛁䝿ᩅ ᴗᇡ⇍ᅥ䝿㞹㞫ᅥ䛴䝦䝋䝮䝷䜴◂✪ ୯ ‹ ⴿ ⛁Ꮥᢇ⾙ᣲ⮾ᶭᵋ䝿◂✪ဤ 䜹䝚䜽䝌䞀䝤ゆ᪺䛾ྡྷ䛗䛥☚Ẵᅥ㞹㞫ᅥ⌟㇗䛴ᩒ⌦ 22ࠤ24 䛐䜎䛹MHD䜻䝩䝣䝰䞀䝃䛴ᨭⰃ 22ࠤ24 ᕖ ཋ ⌮ ஒ ಘᕗኬᏕᕝᏕ㒂䝿ᩅ ᇱᆀシ⨠ኣἴ㛏භ㫾ᩋ䝭䜨䝄䞀䛴≁ᛮビ౮ ᅰ ᒁ ྍ ⣎ ᮶ኬᏕ䝿ຐᩅ LFᵾ‵㞹ἴ䜘⏕䛊䛥ᨲᑏ⥲ᖈ㞹Ꮔ㜾ୖ⌟㇗䛴ᐁチ 22ࠤ24 Ⓩ◂✪ ⰶ 㞕 ⌨⌣ኬᏕ⌦Ꮥ㒂䡗ᩅ ᴗᇡ䝥䝁䜽䜵䞀䝯Ẵ㇗䝦䝋䝯䛴㐲ᚺ ẴỀᅥ 㐗 㤷 ずᕝᴏኬᏕᕝᏕ㒂♣ఌ⎌ሾᕝᏕ⛁䡗 ༞ᴗểᗃහ㝛ᇡ䛴㞯ểᏕⓏ◂✪ ᩅ ஞ ⏛ ㈏ 㞕 㕝 ᮄ ၤ ຐ ಘᕗኬᏕ⌦Ꮥ㒂䡗ᩅ ᯐ ⊞ ᨳ ཋ 20ࠤ22 20ࠤ22 ༞ᴗểᗃὰᒒᤸ๎䜷䜦䛴リ⣵ゆᯊ䛱䜎䜑⎌ሾንິ ゆᯊ 20ࠤ22 ᙢ ⚗ᒱኬᏕ⌦Ꮥ㒂䡗ᩅ 䜬䜦䝱䝂䝯䝂䝷䝋䢐䝋䞀䝃䛱䜎䜑༞ᴗ䜬䜦䝱䝂䝯䛴ን ິᶭᵋ䛴◂✪ 20ࠤ22 ူ ఫ㈙ኬᏕ⌦ᕝᏕ㒂䡗ᩅ 䝕䝯䜽䝕䝳䞀◃ể⨠䛴㛜Ⓠ 20ࠤ22 20ࠤ22 㟯 ᮄ ୌ ┷ ᐣᒜኬᏕኬᏕ㝌⌦ᕝᏕ◂✪㒂䡗ᩅ ᴗᇡ䛱䛐䛗䜑䜬䜦䝱䝂䝯䛴කᏕⓏ≁ᛮ ᑚ け ၤ ኬ㜨ᩅ⫩ኬᏕ䡗ᩅ 㜾㞯⢇Ꮔびῼᶭჹ䛴≁ᛮ䛐䜎䛹⢇ᏄึืἪ䛱㛭䛟 䜑◂✪ 20ࠤ22 㕝 ᮄ ฺ Ꮟ ᒜᙟኬᏕ⌦Ꮥ㒂䝿ᩅ ༞ᴗểᗃ䜷䜦㔘ᒌゆᯊ䛱䜎䜑䜬䜦䝱䝂䝯Ẵುንິ䛴 ◂✪ 21ࠤ23 Ⓩ ሔ ⃀ ெ ᾇ㐠ኬᏕῺ⛁Ꮥ◂✪ᡜ䝿ຐᩅ ኯᖲὊᇡ䛴Ẵುንິᚗඔ䛴䛥䜇䛴ᒜᒾ䜦䜨䜽䜷䜦 21ࠤ23 䛴Ꮥゆᯊ 㰳 ⸠ 㝧 ᚷ ா㒌ኬᏕ㜭ⅇ◂✪ᡜ䝿ຐᩅ Repeat Photography䛱䜎䜑ểᗃᮆ❻䛴ንິ䛴᳠ฝ 21ࠤ22 ୯ ᓞ ⱝ ᙪ (≺)ᅗ❟⎌ሾ◂✪ᡜ䝿ᖆ◂✪ဤ ᴗᅥ䜽䝔䞀䝯䝔䝯䛱䛐䛗䜑ᴗᠺᒒᅥ㞴䛮䜮䝂䝷◒ ቪ䛱㛭䛟䜑◂✪ 21ࠤ23 ୯ ⃕ 㧏 ΰ ᮶ኬᏕኬᏕ㝌⌦Ꮥ◂✪⛁䝿ᩅ ኬẴ୯㓗⣪⃨ᗐ䛴㧏⢥ᗐびῼ䛱䜎䜑ᆀ⌣⾪ᒒ䛭䛴 㓗⅛⣪ᚘ⎌䛴◂✪ 21ࠤ23 ᒜᲅኬᏕኬᏕ㝌༈ᏕᕝᏕ⥪ྙ◂✪㒂䝿 ⯢⯟⏕䜽䜯䜨䝭䜼䜮䝥䞀䝃びῼᡥἪ䛴ᨭⰃ䛱㛭䛟䜑 ຐᩅ ᇱ♇◂✪ 21ࠤ23 ᆀ⌣びῼ⾠᫅䛑䜏᥆ᏽ䛛䜒䛥䜬䜦䝱䝂䝯䝿㞴䛴Ẓ㍉ ᳠チ◂✪ 21ࠤ22 ᑚ ᯐ ិ ⏷ ୯ ⳝ ᆀ ᢽ ㄌ ዄⰃዥᏄኬᏕ⌦Ꮥ㒂䝿ㅦᖅ 80GHZᖈ㍜ᗐ⾠᫅⏤ാ䜘⏕䛊䛥༞ᴗኬ㝛ᆀ୕ 㞖 ᙢ ᐄ⹊ᕝᴏኬᏕᕝᏕ㒂䝿ᩅ ẴῺฦᕱ⟤ฝ䛴◂✪ 21ࠤ23 ༞ᴗᇡኬẴᾃ㐗⢇Ꮔ≟∸㈹䛴Ꮢ⟿ཀྵ䛹㧏ᗐืᣪິ 21ࠤ23 䛱㛭䛟䜑◂✪ ḿ ᒜཾ᮶ா⌦⛁ኬᏕ䝿ᩅ 㔔ኬᏕኬᏕ㝌⏍∸㈠″Ꮥ◂✪⛁䝿ᩅ ୦ᴗ␏ን䛒ධ⌣Ẵುንິ䛾ཀྵ䜂䛟㐪㝰ష⏕䛱䛪䛊 21ࠤ23 䛬䛴びῼⓏ◂✪ ❟ ⰴ ⩇ ⚗ ᒱ Ꮟ ❟ḿኬᏕᆀ⌣⎌ሾ⛁Ꮥ㒂䝿ᩅ ༞ᴗ㞯ể୯䛴ℾᒜ䝿Ꮻᏼ㉫″∸㈹䛴◂✪䟺Ⅳ䟻 21ࠤ23 ⯋ ᒜ ୌ Ꮟ ずᕝᴏኬᏕ䝿ຐᩅ ⾠᫅䛐䜎䛹⌟ሔびῼ䝋䞀䝃䛱䜎䜑༞ᴗ䝮䝩䝈䜭䝿䝟䝯 䝤䛴ᾇểንິゆᯊ 22ࠤ24 ⏣ ᗛ ᾇ㐠ኬᏕῺ⛁Ꮥ◂✪ᡜ䝿ຐᩅ ༞ᴗᾇ䜨䝷䝍Ὂ䜿䜳䝃䞀䛱䛐䛗䜑౿⏻びῼ◂✪ 22ࠤ24 ẴỀᅥ 㟯 ᮄ Ⱪ ᾇ㐠ኬᏕῺ⛁Ꮥ◂✪ᡜ䝿ᩅ 䛝䜏䛡䛱䜎䜑ᾇὊ⯗㉦䝦䝏䝃䝮䝷䜴◂✪ 22ࠤ24 ― 143 ― 㻕㻒㻔㻖㻚 ฦ㻃㔕 ᡜ ᒌ 䡗 ⫃ ◂✪⩽ྞ ◂䚭䚭䚭✪䚭䚭䚭ㄚ䚭䚭䚭㢗 㛣 NEEM䜷䜦䛴∸ᛮ䛱㛭䛟䜑◂✪ 22ࠤ23 ᪺ ᩺₪ኬᏕ⮤↓⛁Ꮥ⣌䝿ᩅ ༖⌣ᐨ෫ᇡ䛴᛬⃥䛰㞯ểᅥንິ 22ࠤ24 ୌ 㑳 ா㒌ኬᏕኬᏕ㝌⌦Ꮥ◂✪⛁䡗ᩅ ୦ᴗᇡ䛱䛐䛗䜑୕㒂䝢䝷䝌䝯ᆍ㈹ᵋ㏸䛱㛭䛟䜑ᆀ 㟀ᏕⓏ◂✪ 20ࠤ22 ཿ ᮇ ᏺ ඖ ྞཿᒁኬᏕኬᏕ㝌⎌ሾᏕ◂✪⛁䡗ᩅ ᴗᇡ䛑䜏䜅䛥ᆀ⌣㒂ࠤ୯ᚨᰶ䛴䝄䜨䝎䝣䜳䜽䛮ᆀ 㟀ᏕⓏᵋ㏸ 20ࠤ22 ▴ ሪ ⱝ ⏠ 㧏▩ኬᏕ⌦Ꮥ㒂䡗ᩅ ᮶༞ᴗ䝎䝘䜦ᒷమ䛴ཋᒷᵋᠺ䛑䜏䜅䛥ኯཿኬ㝛 ᆀṾ䛴ᙟᠺ䛮㐅 20ࠤ22 ᒷ ⏛ ᑠ ⬗ ᒜᙟኬᏕ⌦Ꮥ㒂䡗ㅦᖅ 䝮䞀䜿䝯䝭䝯䜿䝷ᒜᆀᇡ䝎䝘䜦ᒷమ䛴ᨲᑏᖳῼᏽ, 20ࠤ22 䛐䜎䛹ᒷ▴☚Ẵ䡗ᆀ⌣㞹☚ẴⓏ◂✪ ᮶ ಘ ᮇ ⏛ ᆀ㻃ᅥ ୯ け ᙢ 㛏ᒱᢇ⾙⛁ᏕኬᏕ䝿ᩅ ᮄ ᮟ ┶ ⲀᇖኬᏕ⌦Ꮥ㒂䡗ᩅ ኬ ᮟ ㄌ 㧏▩ዥᏄኬᏕ⏍Ὡ⛁Ꮥ㒂䡗ᩅ 㟸ᖲ⾦䜷䝷䝍䝭䜨䝌䛴ฦ㢦䛮ᙟᠺ㐛⛤䛱㛭䛟䜑◂✪ 20ࠤ22 ྙᠺ㛜ཾ䝰䞀䝄(SAR)䛱䜎䜑༞ᴗᇡ䛴ᆀ⾪ን䛴 20ࠤ22 ⣌าゆᯊ ▴ⱝ୯䛴䝅䝃䝷䛮㕪䛴ฦ㒼䛑䜏ず䛥᮶༞ᴗ䝎䝘䜦ᒷ మ,䝰䜨䝎䞀ᒷమ,䝮䝩䝇䝈䜮䝟䝯䝤ᒷమ䛴ንᠺᒓṌ䛴 20ࠤ22 ⢥ᐠゆᯊ ᕖ ᔑ ᬓ బ យ፸ኬᏕኬᏕ㝌⌦ᕝᏕ◂✪⛁䡗ᩅ ᗽ ⨶ 㑝 ༐ⴝኬᏕኬᏕ㝌⌦Ꮥ◂✪⛁䡗ᩅ ᮶༞ᴗ䝮䝩䝈䜭䝿䝟䝯䝤ᒷమ䛐䜎䛹࿔㎮䛴ᆀ㈹మ䛴් 20ࠤ22 䜱䝧䝭䜳䝃䝮䝀䞀䜻䝫䝷 㒿 ⱝ ⏠ ᐣᒜኬᏕኬᏕ㝌⌦ᕝᏕ◂✪㒂䝿ᩅ ᴗᇡᾇὊᇼ✒∸䛐䜎䛹༞ᴗ➴䛴ᒷ▴䜘ᑊ㇗䛮䛟䜑 ཿ⎌ሾ䛮ᆀ☚Ẵንິ䛴◂✪ ờ ཋ ◂ 21ࠤ23 䜴䝮䞀䝷䝭䝷䝍ểᗃ䜷䜦䛮ᾇᗇᇼ✒∸䜷䜦䛴D/O䜹䜨䜳 䟺≺䟻⏐ᴏ⥪ྙᢇ⾙◂✪ᡜᆀ㈹ሒ◂✪ 䝯ᑊẒ䛱ᇱ䛫䛕ᮇ䛴こ䝊䝙䝭䛴㧏⢥ᗐ⥽ᖳ䛱㛭 21ࠤ23 㒂㛓䝿䜴䝯䞀䝛㛏 䛟䜑◂✪ ๑ ᮫ ⱝ ᪺ ᗀᓞኬᏕኬᏕ㝌ᩅ⫩◂✪⛁䝿ᩅ ⼝ểἑᇼ✒∸䛴OSLᖳῼᏽ䛱䜎䜑➠ᄿ⣎ểᗃን ິྍ䛴ᚗཋ 21ࠤ23 ᅰ ᒁ ⠂ ⰶ ᮶ኬᏕኬᏕ㝌⎌ሾ⛁Ꮥ◂✪⛁䝿ᩅ ᮶༞ᴗ䜿䞀䝯䝿䝱䝷䝄䞀䝑ᒜᆀ䛴ᒷ▴Ꮥ䚮ᵋ㏸ᆀ㈹ Ꮥ䛐䜎䛹ᆀ⌣ᏕⓏ◂✪ 21ࠤ23 ஐᕗኬᏕኬᏕ㝌Ẓ㍉♣ఌᩝ◂✪㝌䝿 ᮶༞ᴗ䝿䜿䞀䝯䝱䝷䝄䞀䝑ᒜᆀ䛴ንິ䝊䜳䝌䝏䜳䜽䛴 ᩅ ゆ᪺ 21ࠤ23 ᮶༞ᴗ୯ኳ䝍䝱䝷䝏䝷䜴䝦䞀䝍䝭䝷䝍䛴ንᠺష⏕䛮ཋ ᒷᙟᠺሔ 21ࠤ23 ᑚᒜහ 㤷ሔ ᗛெ ኅ ኯ 㑳 ⌨⌣ኬᏕᩅ⫩Ꮥ㒂䝿ᩅ ᒜ ᮇ ┷ ⾔ 㧏▩ᕝ⛁ኬᏕᕝᏕ㒂䝿ᩅ 䜨䝷䝙䝭䜹䜪䝷䝍゛ῼ䛱ᇱ䛫䛕ᴗᆀኬẴ-ᾇὊ-మᅥ 21ࠤ23 ┞பష⏕䛴◂✪ ᐋ ⏣ Ᏻ ᶖ 㮭ඡᓞኬᏕ⌦Ꮥ㒂䝿ᩅ ᮶༞ᴗኬ㝛ᆀṾ䛴ᵋ㏸ᙟᠺ䝿ິⓏᚺ➽䛱㛭䛟䜑ᆀ 㟀ᏕⓏ◂✪ ᒱ 㔕 ಞ ᒱᒜኬᏕኬᏕ㝌⮤↓⛁Ꮥ◂✪⛁䝿ຐᩅ 䜷䝷䝍䝭䜨䝌䛱ྱ䜄䜒䜑䜦䝯䜯䝮䛱ᐣ䜆ᒷ∞䛴㉫″ ୯ ᮟ ᩅ ༡ ᮶ኬᏕ⌦Ꮥ◂✪⛁ᆀᏕᑍᨯ䝿ຐᩅ ᕰ ᕖ 㝧 ୌ ሒ㏳ಘ◂✪ᶭᵋ䚭ක䝿✭ᵾ‵䜴䝯䞀䝛䝿䜴䝯䞀 䝛䜹䝚䝮䞀䝄䞀 21ࠤ23 21ࠤ23 䜵䜨㓗ሲ㖌∸୯☚ᛮໜ᭯∸䜘᭯䛟䜑༞ᴗ⏐㝱▴䛮ᆀ 22ࠤ24 ⌣ᒷ▴䛴☚Ẵ䝿ᖳ䛱㛭䛟䜑◂✪ ༞ᴗᇡ䛱䛐䛗䜑㉰ᑚᆵVLBI䜦䝷䝊䝎䛱䜎䜑゛ῼྊ ⬗ᛮ䜘ビ౮䛟䜑䛥䜇䛴ㄢᰕ◂✪ 22 Ꮹ ீ ா㒌ኬᏕኬᏕ㝌⌦Ꮥ◂✪⛁䝿ᩅ ㏸ᒷ㖌∸䛴᚜⣵⤄⧂䛑䜏䜅䛥᮶༞ᴗ䝎䝘䜦䚮䝮䝩䝈 䜮䝿䝟䝯䝤ᒷమ䛴⇍ྍ 22ࠤ24 ᮿ ᮇ ๙ ⌨⌣ኬᏕ⌦Ꮥ㒂䝿ᩅ 䚸䛝䜏䛡䚹ᾇᗇᆀᙟཀྵ䛹ᆀ⌣∸⌦䝋䞀䝃䛴ᵾ‵ཀྵ 䛹༞ᴗ䝛䝰䞀䝌䜨䝷䝍Ὂ༇䛴⢥ᐠᵋ㏸䛱㛭䛟䜑◂✪ 22ࠤ24 㛏 Ẇ ᗀᓞኬᏕኬᏕ㝌⏍∸ᅥ⛁Ꮥ◂✪⛁䝿 ᴗᇡ᚜⏍∸䛴⏍∸ᆀ⌦Ⓩኣᵕᛮ䛱㛭䛟䜑◂✪ ᩅ ᆀ㻃ᅥ ㆺ ᮟ ⠔ 㔔ኬᏕኬᏕ㝌⏍∸㈠″Ꮥ◂✪⛁䡗 ༞ᴗᾇ䛱䛐䛗䜑ᑚᆵິ∸䝛䝭䝷䜳䝌䝷䛐䜎䛹᳔∸䝛䝭 20ࠤ22 ᩅ 䝷䜳䝌䝷䛴ฦᕱ䛮⏍∸㔖䛱㛭䛟䜑◂✪ ― 144 ― 㻖㻒㻔㻖㻚 20ࠤ22 ฦ㻃㔕 ᡜ ᒌ 䡗 ⫃ ◂✪⩽ྞ ୕ ◂䚭䚭䚭✪䚭䚭䚭ㄚ䚭䚭䚭㢗 㛣 ᴗᇡ䛴⎌ሾንິሒ䛱㛭䛟䜑⏍∸ᆀ⌣ᏕⓏ◂✪ 20ࠤ22 ᾇể⏍∸⩄㞗䛴ḗ⏍⏐ິឺ䛮⎌ሾᚺ➽䛱㛭䛟䜑 ⏍ឺᏕⓏ◂✪ 20ࠤ22 㛏ᓧኬᏕ⎌᮶䜻䝎ᾇᾇὊ⎌ሾ㈠″◂✪ ⎌ሾንິ䛒㨮㢦䛴ᅂ㐗ິឺ䛱ཀྵ䜂䛟ᙫ㡢䛱㛭䛟䜑 䜿䝷䝃䞀䡗ᩅ ㄢᰕ◂✪ 20ࠤ22 ᾇểᇡ䛴⎌ሾንິ䛱ᑊᚺ䛟䜑⏍∸䝡䝷䝛䛴ን䛱 㛭䛟䜑◂✪ 20ࠤ22 ᾇ㐠ኬᏕኬᏕ㝌Ề⏐⛁Ꮥ◂✪㝌䡗ᩅ ᴗᇡ䛐䜎䛹㧏⦃ᗐᾇᇡ䛱䛐䛗䜑ᆀ⌣Ὼᬦ䛴ᾇὊ ⏍ឺ⣌䛾䛴ᙫ㡢 20ࠤ22 ″ ႌ ኬጏዥᏄኬᏕ♣ఌሒᏕ㒂䡗ᩅ ⏍∸ᅥ ⏛ ཾ ူ ౮ኬᏕᕝᏕ㒂䡗ᩅ ἑ 㑌 ⋱ ఫ 䚱 ᮄ Ὂ ▴ᕬᑍಞኬᏕ⌦Ꮥ㒂䡗ᩅ 㰲 ⸠ ㄌ ୌ ᒷ ず ူ ኰ ᮶ாᐓᨳᏕ㝌ኬᏕᐓᨳᏕ㒂䡗ᩅ ༞ᴗᾇ䛱ฦᕱ䛟䜑㨮㢦䛴⣌⤣ཀྵ䛹⏍⌦䡗⏍ឺ䛱㛭 䛟䜑◂✪ 20ࠤ22 ఫ ⸠ ග ᩝ ᮶ாኬᏕᾇὊ◂✪ᡜ䝿ᩅ ්ᤍ⋋䛒㞬䛝䛊ᾇὊິ∸䜘ᑊ㇗䛮䛝䛥䝔䜨䜮䝱䜲䝷 䜴◂✪䛴᩺ᒈ㛜 21ࠤ22 ㆺ ᭑ Ꮔ ḗඔ✭㛣䛱䛐䛗䜑ᾇὊ⏍∸䛴⾔ິ䛐䜎䛹⎌ሾ゛ ῼ䛱㛭䛟䜑◂✪ 21ࠤ23 ྞཿᒁኬᏕኬᏕ㝌⎌ሾᏕ◂✪⛁䝿ᩅ GPS䝋䞀䝃䝱䜰䞀䜘⏕䛊䛥䜮䜮䝣䜾䝎䜲䝍䝮䛴㣍⩟⾔ ິ䛴ゆᯊ 21ࠤ23 ౪ ⏛ ᾇ㐠ኬᏕ᪁⏍∸ᅥ䝙䜧䞀䝯䝍⛁Ꮥ 䜿䝷䝃䞀䝿ຐᩅ ῳ ㎮ ఘ ୌ ⚗ᒜኬᏕ⏍ᕝᏕ㒂䝿ㅦᖅ け༞ᴗᆀᇡ䛱䛐䛗䜑ኬᆵᤍ㣏ິ∸䛴⾔ິ⏍ឺ䛱㛭 䛟䜑◂✪ 21ࠤ23 ா ┞ 㞖 ᶖ ṂⶮᕝᴏኬᏕᕝᏕ㒂䝿ㅦᖅ ິ∸╌ᆵᑚᆵエ㘋゛䛴ᅂ䜻䜽䝊䝤䛴㛜Ⓠ 21ࠤ23 ᮶༞ᴗ㝛୕⏍ឺ⣌䛱䛐䛗䜑Ⳟ㢦䛴⛸ኣᵕᛮ䛮⎌ሾ 㐲ᚺ⬗ 21ࠤ23 ⤧ᑊⓏᢘⳞⷾ㟸ᬸ㟚⎌ሾ䛱䛐䛗䜑⪇ᛮⳞ䛴᳠ฝ 21ࠤ22 䟺≺䟻⏐ᴏᢇ⾙⥪ྙ◂✪ᡜ䡫䢐䢃䡻䡾䡙䡪䡶䢊䡢 ◂✪㒂㛓䝿௴◂✪ဤ ᫅ 㔕 ಕ ⏛ ᮟ ㇇ 㓏㎨ᏕᅧኬᏕ⊿༈Ꮥ㒂䝿ᩅ ᮿ 㝟ḗ㑳 ఫ ⸠ ᔫ 䟺≺䟻ᯐ⥪ྙ◂✪ᡜ❟ᆀ⎌ሾ◂✪㡷 ᇡ䝿ᐄ㛏 ᾇể䛴䜮䝟䞀䝈䜳ᾇ䛱䛐䛗䜑⢇Ꮔ∸㈹䛮ິ䝿᳔∸ 䝛䝭䝷䜳䝌䝷䚮䜦䜨䜽䜦䝯䜼䞀⩄㞗䛒ể䛴ᚃ㏝䛱ఔ䛌 ᙫ㡢 21ࠤ23 䛐Ⲍ䛴ỀዥᏄኬᏕኬᏕ㝌ெ㛣ᩝᠺ ༞ᴗ⏐ኬᆵ⸬㢦ᵾᮇ䛴䝋䞀䝃䝝䞀䜽䛮ฦᏄ⣌⤣ ゆᯊ ⛁Ꮥ◂✪⛁䝿ᩅ 21ࠤ23 ༡ 㞕 ᮶ாᾇὊኬᏕᾇὊ⛁Ꮥ㒂䝿ᩅ ⏛ ᬓ ࿔ᴗᇡᯐ⏍ឺ⣌䛱⏍⫩䛟䜑⹂ⱇ䝿ᆀ⾨㢦䛴ฦᕱ䛮 21ࠤ23 ⌟Ꮛ㔖 ⛼ ᇄ ᪸ ᐃ Ꮽ⏛ዥᏄኬᏕⷾᏕ㒂䝿ㅦᖅ ༞ểὊ⏐↋⬠᳕ິ∸⏜ᮮ䛴᩺ぜ༈ⷾ⣪ᮞ䛴᥀⣬◂ 21ࠤ22 ✪ ᑚ ᕖ 㯖 㔓 Ꮽ⏛ዥᏄኬᏕᩝᏕ㒂䝿ㅦᖅ ᴗᇡ䛱䛐䛗䜑᚜ᑚ⏍ឺ⣌◂✪䛴䛥䜇䛴᚜➏⎌ሾῼ ᏽ⨠䛐䜎䛹㍅㔖ᆵ↋Ⳟᤸ๎ᶭ䛴㛜Ⓠ 21ࠤ23 ⣵Ⳟ䛴Ὼ㐲ᚺ䛮⣵⬂䛴Ềᗐ 22ࠤ24 22ࠤ24 ዚᒜ ⱝ Ⓡ ᚷ ᾇ㐠ኬᏕ䝿ᩅ 㧏 ᶣ ူ ஒ ᓞ᰷ኬᏕᩅ⫩Ꮥ㒂䝿ᩅ ༞ᴗ䛱䛐䛗䜑⏍∸䛱ཀྵ䜂䛟⣰አ⥲䛴ᙫ㡢ビ౮䛮ይ ෫ᛮ᚜⏍∸䜘⏕䛊䛥ᶭ⬗ᛮ㣏ဗ䛱㛭䛟䜑◂✪ け 㔕 ᗛ ெ ᮶ா㎨ᴏኬᏕ⏍∸⏐ᴏᏕ㒂䝿ᩅ 䜮䝟䞀䝈䜳ᾇἚᓃᇡ䛱䛐䛗䜑ᾇể⏍ᠺ䛒ḗ⏍⏐ᒒ 22ࠤ24 䛱䛐䜎䜂䛟ᙫ㡢 ⏛ ཾ ⢥ ୌ ᾇ㐠ኬᏕኬᏕ㝌ᕝᏕ◂✪⛁䝿ᩅ ᴗᇡ䜎䜐ฦ㞫䛝䛥᚜⏍∸䛮ெᕝⓏ䛱ᨭን䛝䛥᚜⏍∸ 㓕⣪䛴Ὼ㐲ᚺᶭᵋ 22ࠤ24 ኬ ㆺ ಞ ྒྷ ᓞ᰷ኬᏕᩅ⫩Ꮥ㒂䝿ᩅ ᇱᆀ࿔㎮䛱䛐䛗䜑ᅰቫ⸬㢦䛐䜎䛹ᅰቫ᚜⏍∸ 䜘⏕䛊䛥⎌ሾ䝦䝏䝃䝮䝷䜴䛱㛭䛟䜑◂✪ 22ࠤ24 㯦 Ἁ ์ ኰ ౮ኬᏕᕝᏕ㒂⎌ሾභ⏍ᕝᏕ⛁䝿ᩅ ༞ᴗᅰቫ䛐䜎䛹‘Ề䛑䜏䛴ይ෫Ⳟ䛴ฦ㞫䛮ฦ㞫 ᰬ䛴⏍⌦Ꮥ䝿⏍Ꮥ䝿ᙟឺᏕ䝿㐿ఎᏕⓏゆᯊ 22ࠤ23 ඔ ኬ㜨ᗋ❟ኬᏕ䝿ᩅ ᴗᆀ䛴᳔∸䛱ᐞ⏍䛟䜑⣊≟Ⳟ䛴ྜྷᏽ䛮㐿ఎᏄ㈠″䛮 22ࠤ24 䛝䛬䛴ビ౮ ⏍∸ᅥ ᮶ ᱼ ― 145 ― 㻗㻒㻔㻖㻚 ฦ㻃㔕 ◂✪⩽ྞ ⳣᏄ㔕 ᡜ ᒌ 䡗 ⫃ ◂䚭䚭䚭✪䚭䚭䚭ㄚ䚭䚭䚭㢗 ᗛ ᾀ ඹᗔ┬❟ኬᏕ䝿ᩅ 㞯୕⸬㢦䛴කྙᠺ䛱㛭䛟䜑◂✪ 㛣 22ࠤ24 㞖 ᗀ ᗀᓞኬᏕኬᏕ㝌⌦Ꮥ◂✪⛁䝿ຐᩅ ᾇὊ䛮༞ᴗ‘䛱䛐䛗䜑◪㯜ᚘ⎌䛮✽⣪ᚘ⎌䛱ᑊ䛟 22ࠤ24 䜑᎒Ẵྺ䛴ᙲ䛴ゆ᪺ ┤ ྿ ᮇኬᏕ⌦ᕝᏕ㒂䡗ᩅ ᇱᆀ䛱䛐䛗䜑්⏍ྊ⬗䜬䝑䝯䜲䞀ฺ⏕䛴᭩㐲 20ࠤ22 ᮄ ᮟ Ⱪ 㞕 ♼ዄᕖᕝ⛁ኬᏕᕝᏕ㒂䝿ᩅ ᇱᆀ䛱䛐䛗䜑䜬䝑䝯䜲䞀ฺ⏕ຝ⋙ྡྷ୕䛱㛭䛟 䜑◂✪ 22ࠤ24 ዚ 㔕 Ὼ Ꮔ ṂᗔᕖዥᏄኬᏕ䝿ᩅ ᴗᐨᆀ䝿༞ᴗኬ㝛䛱䛐䛗䜑㧏ᶭ⬗⦼⥌⣪ᮞ䛴㛜Ⓠ 22ࠤ24 භྜྷ㛜Ⓠ䛝䛥᩺ぜ༞ᴗ䜪䜫䜦䛴ビ౮䛮᳠ゞ 22ࠤ24 ᮿ ᓧ ᴗᆀᕝᏕ け ᕖ ㇃ཋ ᭮ ⤦ ኬ㜨ᶃⶩዥᏄኬᏕ䝿ᩅ ― 146 ― 㻘㻒㻔㻖㻚 11㸣ᅗ㝷භྜྷ◂✪ ᅗ㝷ᅗὮ༝ᏽ࡞ᇱࡘࡂᅗ㝷භྜྷ◂✪࣬びῼ No. ᅗྞ 1 ኬ㡉Ằᅗ 2 ࢛࣭ࢪࢹࣚࣛ 3 ࢪࣚࣤࢺ භᅗ ┞ᡥᶭ㛭ྞ 㡉ᅗᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ 6 ࢿ࣭ࣜ࢘⋜ᅗ ᅗ❟ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ࡛࢛࣭ࢪࢹࣚ ࣛ༞ᴗᑻ࡛ࡡ㛣ࡡ◂✪༝ງ ࡞㛭ࡌࡾ༝ᏽ ࢪࣚࣤࢺኬᏕ ⛁Ꮥ◂✪ᡜ ᅗ❟ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ࡛ࢪࣚࣤ ࢺኬᏕ⛁Ꮥ◂✪ᡜ㛣ࡡࢪ ࣚࣤࢺѸ ᇱᆀ౩ᙲⅤ࡞㛭 ࡌࡾභྜྷびῼྙណ᭡ ࢪ࣭࢘ࢸࣤ ⋜ᅗ ᅗ❟ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ࡛୯ᅗᴗᆀ◂ ✪ᡜ㛣ࡡභྜྷ◂✪࡛Ꮥ⾙ஹὮ ࡞㛭ࡌࡾྙណ᭡ ⥶⤎ (⥶⤎㛜ጙ㸞 2008.11.4 ⥶⤎࠾ࡼ ⤽⤾ 2007. 5.8 ⥶⤎࠾ࡼ ⤽⤾ 2008. 6.24 2013. 3.31 ࢿ࣭ࣜ࢘ᅗ ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ ᮇᅗᅗ❟ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ࡛ࢿࣜ ࣭࢘ᅗᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ㛣ࡡࢪ ࣁ࣭ࣜࣁࣜㅎᓞ࡞࠽ࡄࡾᴗ ◂✪࡞㛭ࡌࡾ༝ງ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡡ ྙណ᭡ 1999. 3.30 ⥶⤎࠾ࡼ ⤽⤾ ࢪ࣭࢘ࢸࣤ Ꮻᏼ⛁Ꮥ◂✪ᡜ㛏 ― 147 ― 㻕㻒㻐㻔㻗㻕㻐 1999ᖳ࡞ࢪࢰ࣭ࢹࡊࡒິ∸ࣈࣚࣤࢠࢹࣤ㏻⤾㞗 びῼ㸝CPR:Continuous Plankton Recorder㸞ࡢࠉ༞ ᴗࠉᇱᆀࡡᙸᚗ⯗㊨୕࡞࠽࠷࡙ࠔࡊࡼࡎࠕ ⯢୕࡚Ẏᖳ⤽⤾ࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ≁࡞2001-02ᖳཀྵࡦࠉ 2002-03ᖳ࡞ᮇ༞ᴗびῼ㝪ᑍ⏕びῼ⯢ࢅഥ⯢ ࡊࠉ࠾ࡗࠉᅗහአࡡ々ᩐࡡ༞ᴗびῼ⯢ࢅິဤࡊࡒ ᅗ㝷භྜྷびῼ࡞࠽࠷࡙ࡢࠉ㇞୦ᅗ୯ᚨ࡛ ࡽࠉCPRびῼࡡࡲࡼࡍኣᒪ࡞ཀྵࡦᾇὊཀྵࡦẴ㇗ びῼࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉࡐࡡᚃࠉ㇞භྜྷCPRび ῼࡢࢺࢵࡡአᅗࡵཤຊࡊࠉࡷࠉ༞ᴗᾇධ ᇡࢅ࢜ࣁ࣭ࡌࡾᅗ㝷භྜྷびῼ࡞Ⓠᒈࡊࡗࡗ࠵ࡾࠊ ༞ᴗᇱᆀࡡᆀ☚ẴභᙲⅤࢪࣚࣤࢺ࡞న ⨠ࡌࡾฺⅤ࣬ࣗࢼ࣭ࢠᛮࢅฺ⏕ࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡽࠉ ࢛࣭ࣞࣚ⌟㇗ࡡ༞༖⌣භᙲᛮ࡞㛭ࡌࡾ◂✪ࢅ᥆ 㐅ࡌࡾࠊࡆࡡ◂✪┘ⓏࡡⅥ࡞ࠉࢪࣚࣤࢺᅗහ ࡞シ⨠ࡊ࡙࠵ࡾ㸨ᡜࡡびῼᣈⅤࡡ⥌ᣚ࣬㐘ႜ࡛ භྜྷ◂✪࡞㛭ࡌࡾྙណ᭡࡚࠵ࡾࠊ ༞ᴗ࣬ᴗ◂✪࣬びῼᴏࡡ୯ᰶⓏᶭ㛭࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉ ୦◂✪ᡜ㸝භྜྷฺ⏕ᶭ㛭࡛ࡊ࡙አ㒂⩽ࡵྱࡳ㸞ࡡ ◂✪⩽ࡡὬ㐭ུ࣬ࡄථࡿࡷභྜྷ◂✪࣬びῼࡡᐁ ᪃ࠉࡈࡼ࡞ࡐࡿ࡞ఔ࠹ᴗᇡびῼ࡞㛭ࢂࡾびῼ⯢ࠉ ⯗✭ᶭࠉびῼᇱᆀ᪃シࡡ┞பฺ⏕ࢅྱࡳシႜ ༝ງ࡚࠵ࡾࠊරమⓏ࡞ࡢࠉ◂✪⩽ࡡὬ㐭ུ࣬ࡄථ ࡿࠉᴗᇡ࡚ࡡභྜྷ⯗✭ᶭびῼࠉ༞ᴗࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋ ᇱᆀࡡெဤ㍲㏞ࡡࡒࡴࡡࢺࢵ⯗✭ᶭࡡฺ⏕ ᐁ⦴࡚࠵ࡽࠉᑑᮮⓏ࡞༞ᴗ࡚ࡡභྜྷ⯗✭ᶭび ῼࢅ゛⏤୯㸝ANTSYO)ࠊ 2007. 7 .10 2013.7.9 ᮇᅗᅗ❟ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ࡛ࢪ ࣭࢘ࢸࣤᏫᏼ⛁Ꮥ◂✪ᡜ㛣 ࡡALIS㸝࢛࣭ࣞࣚኬぜᶅ᧔ാ ࢨࢪࢷ࣑㸞ࢅ⏕࠷ࡒ࢛࣭ࣞࣚ ◂✪ࡡභྜྷ◂✪࡞㛭ࡌࡾྙណ ᭡ රమⓏභྜྷびῼࡷභྜྷ◂✪ࡢ≁࡞㛜ጙࡈࡿ࡙࠷ ࠷ࠉࡐࡡ᪁ྡྷࢅ┘ᣞࡊࡼཫ᪁ࡡ◂✪⩽ࡡ 㛣࡚ஹὮࢅ㐅ࡴ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ≁࡞ࠉ୦ᅗ࡞࠽࠷࡙㛜ത ࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾᴗᇡ࡞㛭ࡌࡾࢨࣤ࣎ࢩ࣑࡞ཫ᪁࠾ࡼ ✒ᴗⓏ࡞◂✪Ⓠ⾪ࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊྜྷ࡞ࠉභྜྷ◂ ✪ࡡࢪࢰ࣭ࢹ࡞ྡྷࡄࡒゞ㆗ࢅ⤽⤾ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ 2007.2.15 2012.3.31 ᅗ❟ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ࡛ࣜࣆࣝࢴ ࢺ࣭࣬࢘ࢣࢻ࣭ᴗᆀᾇὊ◂ ✪ᡜ࡛ࡡ㛣ࡡ◂✪ཀྵࡦ༞ᴗ࣬ ᴗ࡞࠽ࡄࡾシႜࡡ༝ງ࡞㛭 ࡌࡾ༝ᏽ ᅗ❟ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ࡛ࢹ࣑ࣞࢮኬ Ꮥ⌦Ꮥ㒂㛣ࡡᏕ⾙ஹὮ࡛භྜྷ ◂✪࡞㛭ࡌࡾྙណ᭡ ᴣこ ୦◂✪ᡜࡢࠉ௧ୖࡡ᪁Ἢ࡞ࡻࡽࠉ┞ப࡞⛁ᏕⓏ㛭 ᚨࢅᣚࡗኣฦ㔕㛣࡚୦◂✪ᡜ㛣ࡡභྜྷ◂✪࡛Ꮥ⾙ ஹὮࢅ᥆㐅ࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡞ྙណࡌࡾࠊ (1) ୦ᴗᇡ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ┞ப࡞⛁ᏕⓏ㛭ᚨࡡ࠵ࡾฦ㔕࡚ ࡡභྜྷ◂✪ࡡ᥆㐅 (2) ◂✪࡛ຫᏕࡡࡒࡴࡡ◂✪⩽࡛ኬᏕ㝌⏍ࡡஹὮ (3) ୦⩽ࡡ⛁ᏕⓏ㛭ᚨࡡ࠵ࡾฦ㔕࡞࠽ࡄࡾᴗᇡ⛁Ꮥ ሒࡡஹᥦ ࣜࣆࣝࢴࢺ࣬ ࣭࢘ࢣࢻ࣭ ᴗᆀᾇὊ◂✪ᡜ 7 ࢿ࣭ࣜ࢘⋜ᅗ ࢹ࣑ࣞࢮኬᏕ 8 ᮇᅗᅗ❟ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ࡛㡉ᅗ ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ㛣ࡡᴗᇡ◂✪༝ງ ࡞㛭ࡌࡾྙណ᭡ ࢛࣭ࢪࢹࣚࣛ ༞ᴗᑻ 4 ୯⳱ெẰභᅗ ୯ᅗᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ ࢺࢵ㏻㑝 5 භᅗ ༝ᏽ᭡➴ྞ 2008.4.14 2013.4.13 2010.3.22 2011.3.31 ᮇྙណ᭡࡞ᇱࡘ࠷࡙ࠉࢿ࣭ࣜ࢘ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ࡞ࡢ ࢪࣁ࣭ࣜࣁࣜㅎᓞࢼ࣭࢛ࣜࢪࣤびῼᇱᆀࡡびῼጟ ェࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾ࠾ࠉྜྷ◂✪ᡜࡡびῼ㛭㏻᪃シࡡ ฺ⏕ࡡ౼ࢅᅒࡖ࡙ࡵࡼࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ ࢿ࣭ࣜ࢘⋜ᅗࡡࢹ࣑ࣞࢮኬᏕ⌦Ꮥ㒂࡛ᅗ❟ᴗᆀ ◂✪ᡜ࡛ࡡ㛣࡚ࠉ2002ᖳ௧㜾Ꮥ⾙ஹὮ࡛භྜྷ◂✪ ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉ௧ୖࡡࡻ࠹᪁Ἢ࡞ࡻࡽࠉ୦⩽㛣࡚ࡡ Ꮥ⾙ஹὮ࡛භྜྷ◂✪ࢅ᥆㐅ࡌࡾ࡞ྙណࡊ༝ᏽࢅ ⤎ࢆ࡚࠷ࡾ㸯 1. ◂✪࡛⛁ᏕⓏຫᏕࡡⅥࡡᩅ⫃ဤ࡛ኬᏕ㝌⏍ࡡஹ Ὦࠊ 2. ┞ப࡞⮾࠵ࡾ㡷ᇡ࡚ࡡභྜྷ◂✪ࡡᐁ᪃ࠊ 3. ㅦ⩇ࠉఌ㆗ࠉゞㄵఌࠉࢨࣤ࣎ࢩ࣑ࠉ⛁ᏕⓏ༝ ງࡡⅥࡡ◂✪⩽ࡡஹὮࠊ 4. ୦⩽࡞⮾࠵ࡾฦ㔕࡞࠽ࡄࡾሒࡡஹᥦࠊ ࢪ࣭࢘ࢸࣤ⋜ᅗࡡࢪ࣭࢘ࢸࣤᏫᏼ⛁Ꮥ◂✪ᡜ ࡛ᅗ❟ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ࡛ࡡ㛣࡚ࠉᴗᅥࢪ࢜ࣤࢩࢻࣄ ࡞᪂ࡄࡾ࢛࣭࡛ࣞࣚኬẴකびῼࢅᐁ᪃ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ ࡞ࡻࡾኯ㝟ᆀ⌣⎌ሾࡡ⛁ᏕⓏ⌦ゆཀྵࡦ◂✪᥆㐅ࢅ ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉALIS (Aurora Large Imaging System, ࢛࣭ࣞࣚኬぜᶅ᧔ാࢨࢪࢷ࣑ 㸞ࢅ⏕࠷ࡒ࢛࣭ࣞࣚ ◂✪ࡡභྜྷ◂✪びῼ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ྙណࡊ1997ᖳ௧㜾⤽ ⤾ࡊ࡙༝ᏽࢅ⤎ࢆ࡚࠷ࡾࠊ No. ᅗྞ ┞ᡥᶭ㛭ྞ ࣚࢪ࢜ኬᏕᅗ㝷 9 ࣒ࣛ࢜ྙ⾏ᅗ ᴗ◂✪ࢬࣤࢰ࣭ ༝ᏽ᭡➴ྞ ⥶⤎ (⥶⤎㛜ጙ㸞 ᅗ❟ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ࡛ࣚࢪ࢜ኬ Ꮥᅗ㝷ᴗ◂✪ࢬࣤࢰ࣭㛣ࡡ භྜྷ◂✪࡞㛭ࡌࡾつ᭡ 2007. 12. 21 2012. 12.20 ࣏࣭ࣝࢨ ⛁Ꮥ࢜ࢸ࣐࣭ ࣏࣭ࣝࢨ⛁Ꮥ࢜ࢸ࣐࣭࡛ ሒ࣬ࢨࢪࢷ࣑◂✪ᶭᵋᅗ❟ ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ࡛ࡡ㛣ࡡ◂✪༝ງ ࡞㛭ࡌࡾつ᭡ 11 ࢸ࣏࣭ࣤࢠ ࢤ࣋ࣤࣀ࣭ࢣࣤኬᏕ ࢼ࣭ࣜࢪ࣬࣍◂✪ ᡜể࡛Ẵುࢬࣤࢰ࣭ ሒ࣬ࢨࢪࢷ࣑◂✪ᶭᵋᅗ❟ ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ࡛ࢤ࣋ࣤࣀ࣭ࢣࣤ ኬᏕࢼ࣭ࣜࢪ࣬࣍◂✪ᡜể ࡛Ẵುࢬࣤࢰ࣭㛣ࡡࢡ࣭ࣛ ࣤࣚࣤࢺểᗃᤸ๎゛⏤࡞㛭ࡌ ࡾྙណ᭡ 12 ࣏࣭ࣝࢨ ሒ࣬ࢨࢪࢷ࣑◂✪ᶭᵋᅗ❟ ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ࡛࣏࣭ࣝࢨUKM Universiti Kebangsaan 㸝Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia㸞ࡡࢪࣚࣤࢺび Malaysia ῼ࡞㛭ࡌࡾྙណ᭡ࠕ⥶⤎࡞ࡗ ࠷࡙ 10 ࣏࣭ࣝࢨ ࣭࣊ࣜ࢟⛁Ꮥᨳ➿ ຸᑻཀྵࡦᅗ㝷ᴗᆀᇱ 㔘 ሒ࣬ࢨࢪࢷ࣑◂✪ᶭᵋᅗ❟ ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ࡛࣭࣊ࣜ࢟⛁Ꮥᨳ ➿ຸᑻཀྵࡦᅗ㝷ᴗᆀᇱ㔘㛣 ࡡ2009ࠤ2010ᖳ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ᮶༞ ᴗࢺࣞࣤࣤࢡ࣓࣭ࢺࣚࣤࢺ ࡡࣈࣛࣤࢬࢪ࢙࣬ࣛࢧ࣊ࢪᇱ ᆀཀྵࡦࢬ࣭ࣜ࣬ࣞࣤࢱ࣭ࢾᒜ ᆀ࡛ࡐࡡ࿔㎮࡚ࡡシႜཀྵࡦ㝱 ▴᥀ᰕ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ༝ງ࡞㛭ࡌࡾ つ᭡ ࢰࢪ࣏ࢼኬᏕ༞ᴗ ẴುᏕ࣬⏍ឺࢨࢪࢷ 14 ࢛࣭ࢪࢹࣚࣛ ࣑Ꮥභྜྷ◂✪ࢬࣤ ࢰ࣭(ACE-CRC) ሒ࣬ࢨࢪࢷ࣑◂✪ᶭᵋᅗ❟ ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ࡛ࢰࢪ࣏ࢼኬᏕ ༞ᴗẴುᏕ࣬⏍ឺࢨࢪࢷ࣑Ꮥ භྜྷ◂✪ࢬࣤࢰ࣭㸝ACECRC㸞㛣ࡡᏕ⾙༝ງ༝ᏽ 13 ࣭࣊ࣜ࢟ 15 ࢿ࣭ࣜ࢘⋜ᅗ ࢿ࣭ࣜ࢘◂✪ᐼ㆗ ఌ㸝ࢿ࣭ࣜ࢘࣬ࣛ ࢪࣁ࣭ࣜࣁࣜ⤣ྙびῼࢨࢪࢷ ࣑ങṹ㝭 ࢦ࣭ࢲ࣬࢜ࣤࢨ ࣜ㸞 ― 148 ― 㻕㻒㻐㻔㻗㻕㻐 2008.1.7 2013.1.6 2008.3.10 2012.3.31 2008.9.1 2013.8.31 2009.11.23 2010.3.31 (්⥶⤎ᏽ㸞 2010.1.1 2014.6.30 2010.12.27 2013.9.30 ᴣこ ᮇつ᭡࡞ᇱࡘ࠷࡙ࠉࣚࢪ࢜ࣇࣜࢴࢠࢪᒜ⬞ࡡ ࣏ࢴࢤ࣭ࣜểἑ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ㞯ểභྜྷㄢᰕࢅࠉ2003ᖳ ࠽ࡻࡦ2004ᖳኚ࡞ᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉ2004ᖳ࡞ ࡢࠉࣚࢪ࢜ኬᏕᅗ㝷ᴗ◂✪ࢬࣤࢰ࣭࡚⾔ࢂࡿ ࡒኚࢬ࣐ࢻ࣭࡞ཤຊࡊࡒࠊ ࣏࣭ࣝࢨ⛁Ꮥ࢜ࢸ࣐࣭࡛ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜࡢࠉᚃ ࡈࡼ࡞⥥ᐠ༝ງ㛭౿ࢅⓆᒈࡈࡎࠉ①୦⩽᭯ࡌ ࡾ◂✪㈠″ࡼࡦ࡞ࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ᭯ຝὩ⏕ࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡞ ࡻࡽᴗᇡ⛁Ꮥ◂✪࡞༝ງࡌࡾࠉ②ࡻࡽຝᯕⓏ࡞ ᴏࢅ᥆㐅ࡊࠉ᭯ຝ࡞◂✪㈠″ࢅὩ⏕ࡌࡾࡒࡴࠉ┞ பࡡ◂✪Ὡິࢅ᥆㐅ࡌࡾࠉࡆ࡛ࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡌࡾࠊ ᮇ゛⏤ࡢࠉ᭩⤂㛣ểࢅᏰධ࡞ྱࡲࠉࡐࡿ௧๑ࡡ ểࡱ࡚ࢅྱࡳྊ⬗ᛮࡡ࠵ࡾểᗃࢤࢅ༖⌣࡚ ᤸ๎࣬ゆᯊࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ ࣏࣭ࣝࢨUKM㸝Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia㸞 ࡛ࡡࢪࣚࣤࢺ࡞࠽ࡄࡾᒒ࠽ࡻࡦ㧏ᒒኬẴび ῼ࡞㛭ࡌࡾྙណ᭡ࠊ ᮶༞ᴗࢺࣞࣤࣤࢡ࣓࣭ࢺࣚࣤࢺࡡࣈࣛࣤࢬࢪ࣬ ࢙ࣛࢧ࣊ࢪᇱᆀཀྵࡦࢬ࣭ࣜ࣬ࣞࣤࢱ࣭ࢾᒜᆀ࡛ࡐ ࡡ࿔㎮࡚ࡡシႜཀྵࡦ㝱▴᥀ᰕ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ༝ງ࡞㛭ࡌ ࡾつ᭡ࠊ 2008ᖳࡡ㇞୦㤫┞ࡡභྜྷኇ᪺࡞ᇱࡘࡀࠉᡜහࡡ ༞ᴗᾇὊ◂✪ࢡ࣭ࣜࣈ᪁ࡡ◂✪ࣈࣞࢩ࢘ࢠࢹ ࡞༝ງࡌࡾᙟ࡚⥶⤎ࡊࡒࡵࡡࠊ 14࠾ᅗࡡ㸧㸫ᶭ㛭ཤຊࡌࡾࢪࣁ࣭ࣜࣁࣜ⤣ྙび ῼࢨࢪࢷ࣑㸝SIOS㸞ࢤࣤࢮ࣭ࢨ࣑ࡢࠉࢿࣜ ࣭࢘◂✪ᐼ㆗ఌࡱ࡛ࡴᙲ࡛ࡽࠉḚᕗࢤ࣐ࢴ ࢨࣘࣤ࠾ࡼ㈀″ࢅᚋࡒࣈࣞࢩ࢘ࢠࢹ࡚࠵ࡾࠊࢪ ࣁ࣭ࣜࣁ࡚ࣜびῼࢅ⾔ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾᶭ㛭ࡡࢸ࣭ࢰὮ ㏳➴࡞㈠ࡌࡾࡻ࠹ࠉᮇⓏ◂✪ࣤࣆࣚࡡᩒങ ࡞ྡྷࡄ‵ങ࣬༝ງࡌࡾࡵࡡ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ 1) EISCAT ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࢅ⏕࠷ࡒᴗᅥ㉰㧏ᒒ࣬୯ᒒኬẴࡡᅗ㝷භྜྷ◂✪ ᅗ❟ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜࡢࠉ1996 ᖳ࡞ EISCAT ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭⛁Ꮥ༝ఌ㸝⌟ຊ┍ᅗ㸯ࢪ࣭࢘ࢸࣤࠉࢿ࣭ࣜ࢘ࠉ ࣆࣤࣚࣤࢺࠉࢺࢵࠉⱝᅗࠉᮇࠉ୯ᅗ㸞࡞ḿᘟຊ┍ࡊࠉビ㆗ఌࡷ⛁Ꮥㅆၡጟဤఌ➴࡞ጟဤࢅὬ㐭 ࡊ࡙༝ఌࡡ㐘ႜ࡞ཤຊࡌࡾ࡛࡛ࡵ࡞ࠉࢹ࣑ࣞࢮ㸝ࢿ࣭ࣜ࢘㸞ࠉ࢞ࣜࢻ㸝ࢪ࣭࢘ࢸࣤ㸞ࠉࢮࢱࣤ࢞ࣚ(ࣆ ࣤࣚࣤࢺ㸞ࠉ࠽ࡻࡦࣞࣤࢡࣕࣄࣤ㸝ࢪࣁ࣭ࣜࣁࣜ㸞࡞シ⨠ࡈࡿࡒ㟸ᖱῦᩋ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࢅ⏕࠷࡙ࠉࡿ ࠷ࡴ࠷⾠᫅㸝JAXA㸞ࡷࣞࢢࢴࢹ࡛ࡡභྜྷびῼࢅྱࡳኣࡂࡡᅗ㝷භྜྷ◂✪ࢅᮇࡡභྜྷ◂✪⩽࡛࡛ࡵ ࡞✒ᴗⓏ࡞᥆㐅ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ ᮇᖳᗐࡢࠉEISCAT ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭≁ืᐁ㥺ࡡපຽ࡞゛ 17 ௲㸝᩺ぜ 10 ௲ࠉ⤽⤾ 7 ௲㸞ࡡ⏞ㄫ࠵ࡽࠉ≁ ืᐁ㥺びῼฦ⛁ఌ࠽ࡻࡦ㟸ᖱῦᩋ࣭ࣝࢱጟဤఌ࡞࠽ࡄࡾᐼᰕࢅ⤊࡙ࡌ࡙ࡡㄚ㢗ᢝࡈࡿࡒࠊ㒼 ฦࡊࡒᐁ㥺㛣ࡢࠉKST ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭140 㛣ࠉESR ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭100 㛣࡚࠵ࡾࠊ2010 ᖳ 8 ᭮ࡻࡽᐁ㥺ࢅ㛜 ጙࡊࠉ2011 ᖳ 2 ᭮ࡱ࡚࡞゛ 10 ௲ࡡ≁ืᐁ㥺ࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊEISCAT ࢸ࣭ࢰࢅ⏕࠷ࡒ◂✪ㄵᩝࡢࠉ2010 ᖳ࡞゛ 8 ⥽㸝ᰕㄖࡀ㸞ฝ∟ࡈࡿࡒࠊᢝㄚ㢗ୌぬࢅ⾪࡞♟ࡌࠊ 2010 ᖳᗐ EISCAT ≁ืᐁ㥺ᢝㄚ㢗ୌぬ 㒼ฦ㛣 ◂✪⾪⩽ ᩺ぜ䝿㻃 䟺ᩏ⛘␆䟻 ⤽⤾㻃 㻮㻶㻷㻃 㻨㻶㻵 ⸠ཋ㻃 ᆍ㻃 ᩺ぜ㻃 㻔㻕㻃 㻃 㻔㻕㻃 ᆊ㔕 ⤽⤾㻃 㻛㻃 㻃 㻛㻃 ⾔ᮿᙪ㻃 ⤽⤾㻃 㻛㻃 㻃 㻓㻃 ᑚᕖὀಘ ᩺ぜ䟼㻃 㻓㻃 㻃 㻔㻙㻃 ⏛୯Ⰳ᪸ ⤽⤾㻃 㻛㻃 㻃 㻓㻃 㕝ᮄ⮟㻃 ᩺ぜ㻃 㻔㻕㻃 㻃 㻓㻃 ⣵ᕖᩏ♰ ᩺ぜ䟼㻃 㻔㻕㻃 㻃 㻓㻃 㻛㻃 㻃 㻨㻬㻶㻦㻤㻷 䝰䞀䝄䞀䝿䜒䛊䜇䛊⾠᫅ྜྷびῼ䠌㞹㞫ᅥᐠᗐ䝿Ὼᗐ䝿㏷ᗐ୕᪴䛮㞹㞫ᅥ䡤䡧䢏ຊ⇍䛮䛴㛭㏻ ᖲཋ⪯ᩝ ⤽⤾㻃 㻛㻃 㻃 㻛㻃 㻜㻃 㻃 䝙䜥䝚䝮䝿䝞䝱䞀ᖱῦ゛䛮 㻨㻬㻶㻦㻤㻷 䝰䞀䝄䞀䜘⏕䛊䛥ᆀ☚ẴὩິ䛴⇍ᅥ㢴䛾䛴ᙫ㡢䛱㛭䛟䜑◂✪ ሲᕖኰ ᩺ぜ㻃 㻔㻕㻃 㻃 㻓㻃 㔕⃕ᚠ ⤽⤾㻃 㻔㻕㻃 㻃 㻓㻃 㔕⃕ᚠ ᩺ぜ㻃 㻓㻃 㻃 㻔㻕㻃 㔕⃕ᚠ ᩺ぜ㻃 㻔㻕㻃 㻃 㻓㻃 㔕⃕ᚠ ᩺ぜ䟼㻃 㻔㻕㻃 㻃 㻔㻕㻃 ᐓ⏛❮ḿ ᩺ぜ㻃 㻔㻕㻃 㻃 㻔㻕㻃 ኬᒜఘୌ㑳 ⤽⤾㻃 㻓㻃 㻃 㻛㻃 ኬᒜఘୌ㑳 ᩺ぜ䟼㻃 㻔㻕㻃 㻃 㻓㻃 ⏛༜㞕 ⤽⤾㻃 㻓㻃 㻃 㻔㻕㻃 㻃㻃 ◂✪㢗┘䟺ᩝ䟻㻃 㻔㻃 㻃 㻨㻬㻶㻦㻤㻷 䝰䞀䝄䞀びῼ䛱䜎䜑ᴗᇡ⇍ᅥንິ䛱㛭䛟䜑◂✪ 㻃 㻕㻃 㻃 㻨㻬㻶㻦㻤㻷㻒㻨㻶㻵 䝰䞀䝄䞀㻐䜒䛊䜇䛊⾠᫅ྜྷびῼ䛱䜎䜑䜨䜮䝷୕᪴Ὦ䝿䜮䞀䝱䝭ንິ⌟㇗䛴◂✪ 㻖㻃 㻃 㞹㞫ᅥຊ⇍⨠䛮 㻦㻸㻷㻯㻤㻶㻶㻃㻫㻩 䝰䞀䝄䞀䛱䜎䜑㧏㛣䝿✭㛣ฦゆ⬗びῼ 㻗㻃 㻃 ᴗᇡኬẴὮฝ䛮㞹㞫ᅥ㞹Ꮔ㍲㏞䛮䛴ᅄᯕ㛭౿䛴ゆ᪺ 㻘㻃 㻃 㻤㻯㻬㻶 ᆀ୕කᏕ㻒㻨㻬㻶㻦㻤㻷 ྜྷびῼ 㻃 㻃 㻃 㻙㻃 㻃 䜮䞀䝱䝭䛒୯㛣ᅥἴິ䛱䛎䜑ᙫ㡢 㻃 㻚㻃 㻃 㻶㼘㼓㼈㼕㻧㻤㻵㻱㻏㻃㻨㻬㻶㻦㻤㻷㻏㻃 ᆀ୕කᏕびῼ䜘⤄䜅ྙ䜕䛡䛥⬞ິ䜮䞀䝱䝭䛴⥪ྙびῼ 㻔㻓㻃 㻃 㻨㻬㻶㻦㻤㻷 䝰䞀䝄䞀䛮⛸කᏕびῼᶭჹ䛱䜎䜑㞹㞫ᅥఎᑙᗐ䛐䜎䛹㞹Ὦ䛴◂✪ 㻔㻔㻃 㻃 䜮䞀䝱䜦䞀䜳㎾എ䛱䛐䛗䜑୯ᛮ䇭 䜨䜮䝷┞பష⏕䛴ゆ᪺ 㻃 㻃 㻃 㻔㻕㻃 㻃 䝎䝌䝮䜪䝤䝭䜨䝄䞀䛮 㻨㻬㻶㻦㻤㻷 ྜྷびῼ䛱䜎䜑ᴗᇡୖ㒂⇍ᅥኬẴῺᗐንິ䛴◂✪ 㻔㻖㻃 㻃 ᴗᇡୖ㒂⇍ᅥ䝿୯㛣ᅥ䛱䛐䛗䜑ኬẴ₳ốἴ䝿䝛䝭䝑䝃䝮䞀ἴ䛴ゆ᪺ 㻔㻗㻃 㻃 ᴗ䛴㞹Ẵఎᑙᗐ 㻃 㻃 㻃 㻔㻘㻃 㻃 䜮䞀䝱䝭ᖈ䛑䜏ᴗ᪁ྡྷ䛱ఎᦑ䛟䜑ኬẴἴິ䛱㛭䛟䜑◂✪ 㻃 㻔㻙㻃 㻃 㻨㻬㻶㻦㻤㻷 䝰䞀䝄䞀⏕ུಘᶭ䛴㧏㛣ฦゆ⬗びῼ䛾䛴ᚺ⏕ 㻔㻚㻃 㻃 ᴗᇡୖ㒂⇍ᅥ䛱䛐䛗䜑㧏㏷୯ᛮ㢴 㻃 㻃 㻃㻃 ᘇ䛿ᕵ᭻㛣㻃 㻃㻃 ཤ⩻䠌㻕㻓㻔㻓 ᖳ䛴ᮇ䛴ᣚ䛧㛣㻃 㻃 㻃 㻃 㻃 Ἰ䠌䚸᩺ぜ䝿⤽⤾䚹䛴ḅ䛱䟼䛒䛊䛥ᐁ㥺䛱䛪䛊䛬䛵䚮ᫎᖳᗐ䜄䛭㛭㏻䛟䜑ㄚ㢗䜘◂✪⾪⩽䛮䛝䛬⏞ㄫ䛝䛬䛊䛥䛙䛮䜘⾪䛝䜄䛟䚯㻃 ― 149 ― 㻔㻗㻓㻃 㻃 㻔㻓㻓㻃 㻛㻜㻃 㻙㻛 㻃㻃 㻃 2) SuperDARN SuperDARN (Super Dual Auroral Radar Network)ࡢࠉᆀ⌣ぜᶅࡡ㞹㞫ᅥࣈࣚࢫ࣏ᑊὮࡷ㞹ሔฦᕱࠉ☚Ẵ ᅥධమࡡࣈࣚࢫ࣏ᑊὮࢅびῼࡌࡾⅥ࡞ࠉ༞୦ᴗᇡࡡᗀኬ㞹㞫ᅥࢅࠉኣᩐࡡ▯ἴ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࡡᗀ࠷ち 㔕࡞ࡻࡖ࡙࢜ࣁ࣭ࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡖ࡙ᐁ⌟ࡌࡾᅗ㝷▯ἴ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭びῼ⥑ࣈࣞࢩ࢘ࢠࢹ࡚࠵ࡾࠊᴗᆀ◂ࡢ 1995 ᖳⓆ㊂ᙔิ࠾ࡼࡆࡡࣈࣞࢩ࢘ࢠࢹ࡞ཤ⏤ࡊࠉ∖ᮮࠉࡐࡡ㔔こୌ⩴ࢅᢰ࠹ᇱᆀ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭2 ᇱ ࢅ㐘⏕ࡊࡼࠉᅗහአࡡཤຊ◂✪ᶭ㛭ࡷභྜྷ◂✪⩽ࡼ࡛ࡡࡈࡱࡉࡱࣝ࣊ࣜࡡභྜྷ◂✪ࢅࠉᅗ㝷❿ ண࡛༝ㄢࡡࡻࡀࣁࣚࣤࢪࢅཱིࡽࡼ᥆㐅ࡊ࡙ࡀࡒࠊ ᖲᠺ 22 ᖳᗐ࡞ࡢࠉᇱᆀ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࡢ㏳ᖳびῼࢸ࣭ࢰࢅཱིᚋࡊࡗࡗࠉᅗ㸝ⱝᅗࡷ࢛࣭ࢪࢹࣚࣛࡡ ࢡ࣭ࣜࣈ➴㸞࡛ࡡභྜྷびῼ࡞ࡻࡽࠉPMSE㸝Polar Mesosphere Summer EchoesࠉᴗᇡኚᏒ୯㛣ᅥ࢙ࢤ࣭㸞 ≁ืびῼࡷධ SuperDARN ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࢅ⏕࠷ࡒ⡷ᅗ THEMIS㸝Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms㸞⾠࡛᫅ࡡྜྷびῼ➴ࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉ๑ᖳᗐ࡞ᘤࡀ⤾ࡀࠉ≁࡞ⱝᅗࣝ ࢪࢰ࣭ኬᏕࡡ㐘⏕ࡌࡾ CUTLASS ࢪࣚࣤࢺ SuperDARN ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭࡛ࢪࣚࣤࢺ࡞࠽ࡄࡾᴗᆀ◂ ࢡ࣭ࣜࣈࡡ࢛࣭ࣞࣚකᏕびῼᶭჹ࡞ࡻࡾࣇࣝࢠࢴࣈ࢛࣭ࣞࣚࡷ⬞ິ࢛࣭ࣞࣚࡡྜྷびῼࡡⅥࡡ≁ ืびῼࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࠉࡆࡿࡱ࡚ SuperDARN ࡚ࡢᐁ⌟࡚ࡀ࠾ࡖࡒࠉ2 ḗඔ㧏㛣ฦゆ⬗びῼ࣓࣭ࢺࢅ㛜Ⓠ ࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࠉ㸦ࠤᩐ⛂Ẏࡡ 2 ḗඔࣈࣚࢫ࣏ᑊὮࢸ࣭ࢰࢅᚋࡾ࡛࠷࠹᩺ࡊ࠷࢛࣭ࣞࣚびῼ࡞ᠺຉࡊࠉ㐛 ῳⓏ࢛࣭ࣞࣚ⌟㇗࡞ఔ࠹㞹㞫ᅥ㞹ሔࡡ 2 ḗඔฦᕱ࡛ࡐࡡ㛣Ⓠᒈࡡ◂✪ࢅ㐅ࡴࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࡀࡒࠊཧⱝ ᅗࣝࢪࢰ࣭ኬᏕࡷ⡷ᅗࣚࢪ࢜ኬᏕࡡࢡ࣭ࣜࣈ࡛㏻ᦘࡊࠉSuperDARN ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࡡ✭㛣ฦゆ⬗ࢅ㣍㌅Ⓩ ࡞㧏ࡴࡾࡆ࡛ྊ⬗࣒࣭ࢩࣤࢡ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭ࡡ㛜Ⓠࡵ㐅ࡴࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࡀࡒࠊ ࡱࡒࠉ5 ᭮ᮆࠤ6 ᭮୕᪢࡞ࡢࠉ༞ࣆࣛ࢜භᅗ࡞࠽࠷࡙ࠉᅗ㝷 SuperDARN ఌ㆗㛜തࡈࡿࠉᮇࡡ භྜྷ◂✪⩽ࡼ࡛ཤຊࡊࠉ◂✪ᠺᯕࡡⓆ⾪ࠉභྜྷ◂✪ࡡᑑᮮ゛⏤࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ᐠሒஹᥦࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊ 3) ࢪࣚࣤࢺ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ࢛࣭ࣞࣚ⌟㇗ࡡ༞භᙲᛮ◂✪࡞㛭ࡌࡾᅗ㝷භྜྷ◂✪ ᮇ◂✪ࡢࠉᆀ୕࠾ࡼࡡ༞භᙲⅤびῼᆀ⌣୕࡚။ୌྊ⬗࡚࠵ࡾฺⅤࢅ᭩ኬ㝀Ὡ⏕ࡊࠉ࢛࣭ࣞࣚࡡ ᙟ≟ࡷິࡀࠉⓆකᙁᗐ࡛ࢪ࣋ࢠࢹࣜࢅ㧏⢥ᗐ࡚ྜྷびῼࡊࠉ༞༖⌣㛣ࡡᑊ⛘ᛮ࣬㟸ᑊ⛘ᛮࡡ≁ᛮࢅ ᏽ㔖Ⓩ࡞᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࠊࡐࡊ࡙ࠉ㟸ᑊ⛘ᛮࢅ㉫ࡆࡌཋᅄࢅኯ㝟㢴-☚Ẵᅥ-㞹㞫ᅥ┞பష⏕ࡡびⅤ࠾ࡼ ᥀ࡾࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡽࠉ࢛࣭ࣞࣚⓆ⏍ᶭᵋࡡᮇ㈹ࢅゆࡀ᪺࠾ࡌࡆ࡛ࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ ᖲᠺ 22 ᖳᗐࡡ⌟ᆀびῼ࡚ࡢࠉ๑ᖳᗐྜྷᵕ࡞ࠉභᙲⅤ࡚ࡡྊち࢛࣭ࣞࣚࡡྜྷびῼྊ⬗⚽ฦࡡ 9 ᭮࡞ࢪࣚࣤࢺ࡞࠽࠷࡙༞ᴗᇱᆀ࡛ࡡ࢛࣭ࣞࣚྜྷびῼࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊࢪࣚࣤࢺ࣬ࣆࢴࢦ ࣆ࢘ࣜびῼᣈⅤ࡚ࡢࠉ๑ᖳᗐᣚࡔᖉࡽಞ⌦ࡊࡒ 8CH ᤪኮࣆ࢚ࢹ࣒࣭ࢰࢅ්シ⨠ࡊ⮤ິ㐘⏕ࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠉ ධኮ༟Ⰵ࣒࣭ࢩࣔࡷ⠾᪾ᆵ㧏វᗐ࣒࢜ࣚ㸝Watec㸞ࡡ⮤ິ㐘⏕ࡵ⾔ࡖࡒࠊࡱࡒ࣒࣭ࢩࣤࢡ࢛࣒࣭ࣛ ࢰࢸ࣭ࢰ㘋㒂ࡡ᭞᩺ࡷࠉ㹂㸻ᖈ࢛࣭ࣞࣚ㞹ἴびῼ⨠ࡡಕᏬ࣬ᨭⰃࠉBe-7 Ꮻᏼ⥲⏍ᠺᰶ⛸びῼ ࢅ⾔࠹ࡒࡴࡡࢦࣤࣈ࣭ࣚࡡ᭞᩺ࠉࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊࢲࣘࣜࢾࢪびῼⅤ࡞࠽࠷࡙ࡢࠉWatec ࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࢅ᩺ ࡒ࡞ୌᘟ㏛ຊシ⨠ࡊ⮤ິ㐘⏕ࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠉ⩹ᮑࡊࡒ࣒࣭ࢩࣤࢡ࢛࣒࣭ࣛࢰࡡཡషᴏࢅ⾔ࡖ ࡒࠊࢪࣚࣤࢺ࡛ᇱᆀ࠾ࡼࡡ Watec ࢸ࣭ࢰࡷ࣒࣭ࢩࣤࢡ࢛࣒࣭ࣛࢰࢸ࣭ࢰࡢࠉ‵ࣛࣜࢰ ࣑࡞ᴗᆀ◂ࡡ゛⟤ᶭࢨࢪࢷ࣑࡞ఎ㏞ࡈࡿࠉびῼ⤂ᚃࡢࢦ࣏ࣛࣈࣞࢴࢹࢅ⮤ິషᠺࡊࠉࡐࡿࡼࢅ Web ୕࡚ずࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࡀࡾࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࡡᵋ⠇ࡵ㐅ࡴࡒࠊ9 ᭮ 13-14 ࡞ࡢẒ㍉Ⓩ㟴࠾࢛࣭ࣞࣚὩິ࡚ࡢ ࠵ࡖࡒᇱᆀ࡛ࡡ㛣࡚ࡡྜྷびῼ࡞ᠺຉࡊࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉ9 ᭮ 7-8 ࡞ࡢࠉࢪࣚࣤࢺഁࡓࡄ࡚ࡢ ࠵ࡖࡒࠉ㟸ᖏ࡞ὩⓆ⬞ິ࢛࣭ࣞࣚびῼࡈࡿࠉࢪࣚࣤࢺࡡኬᆵ▯ἴ࣭ࣝࢱ࣭࡛ࡡྜྷびῼ࡞ ― 150 ― ᠺຉࡊࡒࠊ࢛࣭ࣞࣚびῼᶭჹ⮤ິ㐘⏕ࡈࡿࡾࡻ࠹࡞ࡖࡒࡒࡴࠉெᅹࡊࡒ 9 ᭮ࡡභᙲⅤ㛣ࡡ ࡲ࡚ࡢࡂࠉ⩛ᖳ 3 ᭮ࡡභᙲⅤ㛣࡞ࡵࠉᇱᆀ࡛ࡡ㛣࡚࢛࣭ࣞࣚභᙲⅤྜྷびῼࢸ࣭ࢰࢅཱིᚋࡌ ࡾࡆ࡛ฝᮮࡒࠊ 4) ࢡ࣭ࣛࣤࣚࣤࢺ NEEM ࡞࠽ࡄࡾᅗ㝷භྜྷ◂✪ ᭩⤂㛣ểࡱ࡚ࡡ࡞㐫ࡖ࡙ࠉẴು࣬⎌ሾᚗඔࢅᚗඔࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉࢡ࣭ࣛࣤࣚࣤࢺࡡ NEEM ࡞࠽࠷࡙ࠉࢸ࣏࣭ࣤࢠࢅ࣭ࣛࢱ࣭࡛ࡌࡾ 14 ࢜ᅗභྜྷ࡚ࠉᒒểᗃࢤᤸ๎࣬ゆᯊࣈࣞࢩ࢘ ࢠࢹࢅᐁ᪃ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊᮇࡢࡆࡡ゛⏤࡞ཤຊࡊࠉࢤࡡᤸ๎ࠉ⌟ሔゆᯊࠉẴ㇗࣬ểᗃびῼ࡛ࠉࡆࡿࡼ ࡞㛭ࡌࡾ◂✪ࢅᐁ᪃ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊᖲᠺ 22 ᖳᗐࡢࠉᮇ࠾ࡼ 4 ྞ NEEM ࡞࠽࠷࡙ࢤࡡ⌟ሔゆᯊཀྵࡦ ࣅࢴࢹびῼ࡞ཤຊࡊࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉࢤࡷࣅࢴࢹࡡࢦࣤࣈࣜࢅᅗහ࡞ᣚࡔᖉࡽࠉ࢝ࢪฦᯊࠉ࢛ࣤฦᯊࠉ 㓗⣪࣬Ề⣪ࡡྜྷనమฦᯊࠉ᚜⏍∸ฦᯊ➴ࢅᐁ᪃ࡊࡒࠊ 5) ࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋᇱᆀ࡞࠽ࡄࡾኮᩝびῼ࡞㛭ࡌࡾᅗ㝷༝ງ ➠ VIII ༞ᴗびῼ゛⏤ࡡୌ⯙◂✪ㄚ㢗ࠔ༞ᴗ࠾ࡼࡡኮᩝᏕࠕ㸝⾪⩽ ୯├ḿ ➻ἴኬᩅ㸞࡚ ࡢࠉࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋᇱᆀ࡞࠽ࡄࡾኮᩝびῼࡡୌ⎌࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉ➠ 52 ḗ㝪࡞ࡻࡽࠉ᮶ኬᏕࡡ㛜Ⓠࡊࡒびῼ⨠ ࢅᣚࡔ㎰ࡳ゛⏤࡚࠵ࡖࡒࠊࡆࡡᶭჹࢅ࡞↋ெ࡚㐘⏕ࡌࡾࡒࡴ࡞ࢼ࣭ࣖࢦࢪ࢙ࣜࢪኬᏕ㸝࢛࣭ ࢪࢹࣚࣛ㸞㛜Ⓠࡊࡒ PLATO㸝the PLATeau Observatory ࡡ␆㸞࡛⛘ࡌ㛏㛣㞹″౩⤝⨠ࢅ㛜Ⓠࡌ ࡾࡆ࡛࡞ࡖࡒࠊࡐࡡࡒࡴࠉࢼ࣭ࣖࢦࢪ࢙ࣜࢪኬᏕࠉ࣏ࢴࢤ࣭ࣛኬᏕࠉࣤࢡࣞ-࢛࣭ࢪࢹࣚࣛ ኮᩝྋࠉ୯ᅗ⣰ᒜኮᩝྋࠉ᮶ኬᏕࠉᅗ❟ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜࡡ㸫ᶭ㛭࡞࠽࠷࡙ࠉ㛜Ⓠ࡞㛭ࡌࡾつ᭡ࡀࢅஹࢂ ࡊࠉAUSTRALIAN RESEARCH COUNCIL (ARC)ࡡࣈࣞࢩ࢘ࢠࢹࠔNext-generation robotic observatories for the remote Antarctic plateauࠕ࡛ࡊ࡙ᚺຽࡊࡒ⤎ᯕࠉLINKAGE INFRASTRUCTURE, EQUIPMENT AND FACILITIES GRANTS (LIEF)ࢅᚋࡒࠊ ࡆࡡ༝ᏽࡡࡵ࡛࡞ࠉ➠ 52 ḗ㝪㸝2010-11 ᖳ㸞࡞ࡻࡽࠉࢺ࣭࣑ࡨࡋᇱᆀ࡞ PLATO-F ᦑථࡈࡿࠉ㐘 ⏕ࢅ㛜ጙࡊࡒࠊ 6) ࢪࣁ࣭ࣜࣁࣜ⤣ྙびῼࢨࢪࢷ࣑゛⏤㸝SIOS㸞 SIOS ࡢࠉᅗ㝷༝ງ࡞ࡻࡽࠉࢪࣁ࣭ࣜࣁࣜ࡞᭩᩺㗞ࡡᆀ⌣びῼࢨࢪࢷ࣑ࢅᵋ⠇ࡊࠉ㧏⦃ᗐᴗᅥࡡᆀ ⌣ぜᶅንິ┐ち࡛◂✪ࢅ᥆㐅ࡌࡾࡒࡴࠉࢿ࣭ࣜ࢘◂✪ビ㆗ఌᥞ᱄࣬ᑙࡌࡾᅗ㝷භྜྷ◂✪゛⏤࡚ ࠵ࡾࠊᮇ゛⏤ࡢ 2008 ᖳ 12 ᭮࡞Ḛᕗኬᆵ◂✪シങ゛⏤㸝ESFRI㸞ࡡ࣭ࣞࢺ࣏ࢴࣈ࡞ᢝࡈࡿࠉ2010 ᖳ ࡻࡽ 3 ᖳ㛣ࡡ EU ⟤㸝゛⣑ 4 ൦ළ㸞࡞ࡻࡾ SIOS ‵ങ゛⏤㸝Preparatory Phase㸞㛜ጙࡈࡿࡒࠊᅗ❟ ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜࡢࠉFull Partners㸝゛ 26 ᶭ㛭㸞࡛ࡊ࡙ຊ┍Ⓡ㘋ࢅ⾔࠷ࠉ10 ᭮ 14ࠤ15 ࡞࢛ࢪ࡚ࣞ㛜തࡈࡿ ࡒ➠ 1 ᅂධమఌ㆗㸝࢞ࢴࢠ࢛ࣆఌ㆗㸞࡞♼⏛≁௴ᩅཤຊࡊࡒࠊ ― 151 ― 㻔㻕䠀䜻䝷䝡䜼䜪䝤➴㞗ఌሒ࿈ 䠃䟻䜻䝷䝡䜼䜪䝤 㻱㼒㻑 㛜ത 㞗ఌྞ 㛜തሔᡜ ᴣこ ሒ࿈⩽ 㻔 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻙㻒㻗 ㏳⟤䛭䠉ᅂ┘䚮ᅗ❟ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ䛒 ❟ᕖᕰ䛱⛛㌷䛝䛬䛑䜏䛵䠄ᅂ┘䛮䛰 䜑༞ᴗシႜ䜻䝷䝡䜼䜪䝤䜘䠈᭮䠆 㻋㔘㻌䛱ᮇ◂✪ᡜ䛴ᴗᆀびῼᲯ䠅㝭䛴 㝪ဤຸᐄኣ┘Ⓩఌ㆗ᐄ䛭㛜ത ᴗᆀびῼᲯ㻃㝪ဤ 䛝䛥䚯䠉᭮䛑䜏㻘㻕ḗ㝪䜘㎼䛎ථ䜒䜑 ➠䠉ᅂ༞ᴗシႜ䜻䝷䝡 ຸᐄኣ┘Ⓩ ᩺䛝䛊㝪ဤᐄ䛱㻔㻓㻓ྞ㎾䛕䛴௺ᴏ䚮 䜼䜪䝤 ఌ㆗ᐄ ኬᏕ㛭౿䛴ཤຊ⩽䜘㞗䜇䚮༞ᴗシ ႜ䛱㛭䛟䜑䚸⮤↓䜬䝑䝯䜲䞀䚹䚮䚸⎌ ሾ䚹䚮䚸ሒ䚹䚮䚸ᑽప䝿⏍Ὡ䚹䚮䚸㌬୦䝿 ㍲㏞䚹䛮䛊䛌䠇䛪䛴䜿䝇䜻䝫䝷ื䛱䚮㻕㻕 ௲䛱䛪䛊䛬ㅦⁿ⩽䛒⇍ᘒ䜘ᣲ䜑䛩 䛥䚯 㻕 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻙㻒㻃㻛㻐㻜 ➠㻖㻖ᅂ༞ᴗ㝱▴䜻䝷䝡 ኬఌ㆗ᐄ 䜼䜪䝤 㻖 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻜㻒㻔㻘 㻗 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻔㻕㻒㻔㻐㻕 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻔㻔㻒㻖㻓 㻐㻔㻕㻒㻔 㻚 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻔㻕㻒㻕㻐㻖 㻛 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻔㻔㻒㻖㻓 㻐㻔㻕㻒㻔 ࿈⩽䛮ྜྷ䛞 ሔྙ䛵␆䟻 㻟䟺㻃䟻䛵හᩐ䚮㻋ኬ㻌䠌ኬᏕ㝌⏍䚮㻋አ㻌䠌አᅗெ䟻㻡 ᡜහ 㻟㻋ኬ㻌 㻋አ㻌㻡 ᡜአ 㻟㻋ኬ㻌 㻋አ㻌㻡 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻚㻕 㻋㻓㻌 㻜㻙 ༞ᴗ㝱▴䜘୯ᚨ䛮䛝䛥ᝠ᫅∸㈹⛁ Ꮥ◂✪䛴Ⓠ⾪䛒⾔䜕䜒䛥䚯 ⃕䚭ၤྒྷ 㻔㻔 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻙㻓 㻋㻕㻔㻌 㻋㻔㻘㻌 㻚㻔 ➠䠆ᅂ༞ᴗびῼ䜻䝷䝡 ኬఌ㆗ᐄ 䜼䜪䝤 ᑑᮮ䛴᩺䛥䛰びῼ゛⏤䛴ᥞ᱄䚮➠ Ⅷ༞ᴗᆀᇡびῼ䠈䛑ᖳ゛⏤㛣 ୯䛴ᚃ༖䠅䛑ᖳ䟺㻕㻓㻔㻖ᖳࠤ㻕㻓㻔㻙ᖳ䟻 䛱ᐁ᪃ᕵ᭻䛴びῼ゛⏤䛴ᥞ᱄䛰䛯 䜘㆗ㄵ䝿᳠ゞ䛝䛥䚯 ኬୖ 㻘㻓 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻔㻌 㻗㻘 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻔㻌 㻜㻘 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻕㻌 ➠䠃ᅂᴗᇡ⛁Ꮥ䜻䝷䝡 ኬఌ㆗ᐄ 䜼䜪䝤 Ẏᖳ◂✪䜴䝯䞀䝛䛚䛮䛱䜻䝷䝡䜼䜪 䝤䜘㛜ത䛝䛬䛊䛥䛒䚮Ꮛ䛴Ꮥၡ㡷 ᇡ䛦䛗䛭䛵䛰䛕々ྙ䚮䛈䜑䛊䛵Ꮥ㝷 㔕ᮄ⩇ྍ Ⓩ◂✪䛒㔔こ䛮䛰䛩䛬䛓䛬䛊䜑䛙䛮䛑 㻋⌦㇇⏛㻌 䜏䚮ᖳᗐ䛵◂✪ฦ㔕ᶋ᩷ᆵ䛴䜻䝷 䝡䜼䜪䝤䛮䛝䛬➠䠃ᅂᴗᇡ⛁Ꮥ䜻䝷 䝡䜼䜪䝤䜘㛜ത䛝䛥䚯 㻔㻘 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻖㻛 㻋㻖㻌 㻋㻗㻌 㻘㻖 㻋㻖㻌 㻋㻗㻌 㻃 ༞୦ᴗᇡ䛭✒䛛䜒䛬䛓䛥びῼ 䝋䞀䝃䛴ゆᯊ⤎ᯕ䛵䜈䛮䜎䜐䚮ᴗᇡ 䛴୯ᒒኬẴ䛑䜏⇍ᅥ䚮㞹㞫ᅥ䚮☚Ẵ ᅥ䜘䛰ᑊ㇗䛮䛟䜑◂✪ᠺᯕ䚮◂✪ ᒈ᭻䛱㛭䛟䜑ኣ䛕䛴Ⓠ⾪䛒䛰䛛䜒 䛥䚯ཤຊ⩽䛵㻙㻕ྞ䚮Ⓠ⾪௲ᩐ䛵㻗㻙 ௲䟺ཾ㢄㻖㻕䚮䝡䜽䝃䞀㻔㻗䟻䛭䛈䛩䛥䚯 ≁䛱䚮༞ᴗᇱᆀ䛱᩺ぜシ⨠䛛 䜒䜑䝰䜨䝮䞀䝭䜨䝄䞀䚮༞ᴗᇡ䛱ᒈ㛜 䛛䜒䜑↋ெ☚ງ゛䝑䝇䝌䝳䞀䜳䚮ᴗ ᇡ䛱䝰䞀䝄䞀䜘ᒈ㛜䛟䜑㻨㻬㻶㻦㻤㻷㻐 㻖㻧゛⏤䛰䛯䛴᩺䛥䛰⨠⩄䛵䚮ን ິ䛟䜑ᆀ⌣Ẵು䛴୯䛭ᴗᇡ䛴ᯕ䛥 䛟ᙲ䜘᪺䜏䛑䛱䛟䜑ᡥ䛒䛑䜐䜘 䛎䜑䛮ᙽ䛛䜒䛬䛐䜐䚮䛣䜒䜏䛱㛭䛟 䜑ᮇ䜻䝷䝡䜼䜪䝤䛭䛴Ⓠ⾪䜈ኬ䛓䛰 Ἰ┘䜘㞗䜇䛥䚯 ෞᕖႌᘧ 㻔㻖 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻗㻜 㻋㻔㻗㻌 㻋㻔㻌 㻙㻕 㻋㻔㻗㻌 㻋㻔㻌 㻃 ∭ᑹ㍜ 㻔㻖 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻙㻓 㻋㻔㻖㻌 㻋㻖㻌 㻚㻖 㻋㻔㻖㻌 㻋㻖㻌 㻃 㟯ᒜ㞕ୌ 㻕㻗 㻋㻔㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻙㻜 㻋㻔㻘㻌 㻋㻔㻌 㻜㻖 㻋㻔㻙㻌 㻋㻔㻌 㻃 㧏ᶣ㑝ኰ 㻕㻓 㻋㻜㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻚㻘 㻋㻕㻖㻌 㻋㻛㻌 㻜㻘 㻋㻖㻕㻌 㻋㻛㻌 㻗㻙㻛 㻋㻛㻜㻌 㻋㻖㻖㻌 㻙㻖㻛 ➠㻖㻖ᅂᴗᇡẴỀᅥ䜻䝷 䝡䜼䜪䝤 ኬఌ㆗ᐄ ➠㻖㻓ᅂᴗᇡᆀᏕ䜻䝷䝡 䜼䜪䝤 ᅗㄊ◂✪ᡜ ➠㻖㻕ᅂᴗᇡ⏍∸䜻䝷䝡 䜼䜪䝤 ᅗㄊ◂✪ᡜ 㻔㻔᭮㻖㻓ࠤ㻔㻕᭮䠃䛱⥪ྙ◂✪Ჯ 䠄㝭ኬఌ㆗ᐄ䛭㛜ത䛝䛥䚯ཤຊ⩽䛵 㻚㻖ྞ䛭䚮㻘㻙௲䟺ཾ㢄䠌㻕㻛䚮䝡䜽䝃䞀䠌 㻕㻛䟻䛴ㅦⁿ䛒⾔䛰䜕䜒䛥䚯ཾ㢄䜿䝇 䜻䝫䝷䛵䚮ኬẴ䚮㞯ể䚮ᾇὊ䚮䜨䝷䝙 䝭䜹䜪䝷䝍㛭㏻䛭ᵋᠺ䛝䚮䝡䜽䝃䞀 䜿䝇䜻䝫䝷䛭䛵⣑䠃㛣䛴䜷䜦䝃䜨䝤 䜘シ䛗䛥䚯༞୦ᴗᇡ䛴䚮䜦䜼䜦 㧏ᆀ䚮ᮇᅗහ䛮䛣䛴࿔㎮ᇡ䜈ᑊ㇗ 䛮䛝䛬ኣᒪ䛱䜕䛥䜑ᠺᯕ䛒Ⓠ⾪䛛䜒 䛥䚯 㻔㻕᭮䠄ࠤ䠅䛱ᅗㄊ◂✪ᡜ㻕㝭ㅦᇸ 䛭ᐁ᪃䛝䚮㻜㻖ྞ䛱ཤຊ䛊䛥䛦䛊䛥䚯 䚸ᴗᇡ䛑䜏᥀䜑ᅖమᆀ⌣䝄䜨䝎䝣䜳 䜽䚹䜘䝊䞀䝢䛮䛝䛬䚮➠ᄿ⣎䝿ᆀᙟ䚮 ᆀ㈹䝿ᒷ▴䚮ᴗᇡᾇὊᗇ䚮ῼᆀ䝿ᅖ మᆀ⌣∸⌦䛱㛭㏻䛟䜑㻘㻙௲㻃㻋ཾ㢄䠌 㻖㻓䚮䝡䜽䝃䞀䠌㻕㻙㻌䛴ㅦⁿ䛒⾔䜕䜒 䛥䚯ểᗃ䜊ᾇὊንິ䛮ᅖమᆀ⌣䛴 ┞பష⏕䛰䛯ᆀ⌣䜘䜻䜽䝊䝤䛮䛝䛬 ᤂ䛎䛥◂✪䚮䛛䜏䛱➠㻗㻜ࠤ㻘㻔ḗ㝪䛭 ᐁ᪃䛛䜒䛥䜿䞀䝯䝿䝱䝷䝄䞀䝑ᒜᆀ ㄢᰕ䜊᩺䛝䜏䛡䛱䜎䜑⯢୕びῼ䛴◂ ✪䛴ᠺᯕ䛰䛯䛒Ⓠ⾪䛛䜒䚮ᖕᗀ䛊㆗ ㄵ䛒䛰䛛䜒䛥䚯 㻔㻔᭮㻖㻓ࠤ㻔㻕᭮䠃䛱ᅗㄊ◂✪ᡜ㻕 㝭ኬㅦᇸ䛱䛬㛜ത䛝䛥䚯ཾ㢄㻔㻚௲䚮 䝡䜽䝃䞀㻘㻘௲䛴Ⓠ⾪䛒⾔䜕䜒䛥䚯ཾ 㢄䜿䝇䜻䝫䝷䛭䛵䜮䞀䜽䝌䝭䝮䜦༞ᴗ ᑻ䛑䜏䠅ྞ䛴䜶䜽䝌䜘ᣅ䛊䛬䚮ᮇ䝿 䜮䞀䜽䝌䝭䝮䜦භྜྷ◂✪䛭䛈䜑䚮༞ᴗ ᾇ䜨䝷䝍Ὂ༇䛱䛐䛗䜑୯㛏Ⓩ䛰⏍ ឺ⣌ንິゆᯊ䛱㛭䛟䜑ሒ࿈䛒䛰䛛 䜒䛥䚯㻔㻜㻜㻓ᖳᚃ༖䛱ᾇểᇡ䚮አ Ὂᇡ䛮䜈䛱⏍∸㔖䛴ን䛒ᤂ䛎䜏 䜒䚮䛣䛴ንິこᅄ䛮䛝䛬ᾇểິឺ䜊 ᾇὊ⎌ሾ᮪௲䛴ን䛴ྊ⬗ᛮ䛒㆗ ㄵ䛛䜒䛥䚯 ྙ゛ ― 152 ― 㻃㻐㻔㻗㻗㻐 㻔㻚㻓 㻋㻔㻓㻌 㻋㻔㻌 㻋㻓㻌 ങ⩻ 㻋አ㻌㻡 㻕㻗 ♼ᒜᏏྚ 㻋㻓㻌 ゛ 㻟㻋ኬ㻌 Ề㔕䚭ㄌ ➠㻖㻗ᅂᴗᇡᏼ✭ᅥ䜻䝷 㻘 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻔㻕㻒㻕㻐㻖 䝡䜼䜪䝤 ኬఌ㆗ᐄ 㻙 ཤຊ⩽ᩐ ᢰᙔ⩽䟺ሒ 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻕㻔㻌 㻋㻔㻘㻌 㻋㻜㻜㻌 㻋㻖㻗㻌 䠄䟻◂✪㞗ఌ 㻱㼒㻑 㛜ത 㻔 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻗㻒㻔㻜 㞗ఌྞ 㛜തሔᡜ 㻭㻶㻷䝛䝱䜼䜫䜳䝌䚸᮶༞ᴗ ᾇ䜻䜽䝊䝤䛱䛐䛗䜑Ẵ ುንິ䛴ᙫ㡢ビ౮䛱ྡྷ 㻘㝭ఌ㆗ᐄ 䛗䛥ᇱ┑ᩒങ䚹䛱㛭䜕 䜑භྜྷ◂✪㞗ఌ ᴗᇡ⛁Ꮥ゛⟤ᶭ䜻䜽䝊 䝤䜘Ὡ⏕䛝䛥䝋䞀䝃 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻗㻒㻕㻖 㻕 䝝䞀䜽ᵋ⠇䛮ኬぜᶅ䜻 㻖㝭䜿䝣䝎䞀ᐄ 㻔㻓䠌㻓㻓㻐㻔㻚䠌㻓㻓 䝣䝩䝰䞀䜻䝫䝷ᢇ⾙䛱㛭 䛟䜑◂✪ఌ 㻖 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻗㻒㻕㻛 㻭㻶㻷䝛䝱䜼䜫䜳䝌䚸᮶༞ᴗ ᾇ䜻䜽䝊䝤䛱䛐䛗䜑Ẵ ುንິ䛴ᙫ㡢ビ౮䛱ྡྷ ᮶ாᾇὊኬᏕ 䛗䛥ᇱ┑ᩒങ䚹䛱㛭䜕 䜑භྜྷ◂✪㞗ఌ 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻙㻒㻔㻙 㻐㻙㻒㻔㻚 ᴗᇡ䛮୯⦃ᗐᇡ䛭びᐳ 䛛䜒䜑㞯⤎ᬏ䛴ฦ㢦䛱 䠅㝭䜿䝣䝎䞀ᐄ 㛭䛟䜑᳠ゞ 㻗 㻘 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻚㻒㻚 㻭㻶㻷䝛䝱䜼䜫䜳䝌䚸᮶༞ᴗ ᾇ䜻䜽䝊䝤䛱䛐䛗䜑Ẵ ುንິ䛴ᙫ㡢ビ౮䛱ྡྷ ୯ఌ㆗ᐄ 䛗䛥ᇱ┑ᩒങ䚹䛱㛭䜕 䜑භྜྷ◂✪㞗ఌ 㻙 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻚㻒㻔㻔 㻭㻤㻵㻨㻐㻘㻕ᾇ㮒୷༞ᴗᾇ ᾇ㮒୷䜹䝱䝷 ◂✪⯗ᾇ䛐䜎䛹ィ⦆⯗ 䟺㇇ᾇᇢ㢄䟻 ᾇ䛴ᡬ䛧ྙ䜕䛡 䝁䝄䝷䜱䝭ᆀ⌣∸ 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻛㻒㻖㻓㻐 ⌦びῼᡜ䟺㻶㻪㻲㻏 㻜㻒㻗 䝙䜧䝷䝭䝷䝍䟻䚯 㻛㻝㻖㻓㻐㻔㻚㻝㻓㻓 Ἰ䠌ᅗ❟ᴗᆀ◂✪ 䟺䝙䜧䝷䝭䝷䝍 㻨㻬㻶㻦㻤㻷䝰䞀䝄䞀䜽䜳䞀 ᡜ㻃㻖㝭䜿䝣䝎䞀ᐄ 㻚 ⌟ᆀ㛣䚮 䝯 䟺㻦㻖㻓㻔䟻 ᮇ㛣䛭䛵 䛱䛬㐪㝰䛱䜎䜑ུ 㻔㻗㻝㻖㻓㻐㻕㻖㻝㻓㻓䟻 ㅦ 䜘⾔䛩䛥䚯 ᴣこ ሒ࿈⩽ 㻭㻶㻷䝛䝱䜼䜫䜳䝌䛭䛈䜑୕エㄚ㢗᥆㐅 䛴䛥䜇䚮㇞༞ᴗᑻ䜎䜐㻕ྞ䛴◂✪⩽ 䛒ᮮ䛝䛥䚯⣑㻕㐄㛣䛴ᅹ䛴ิ 䛭䛈䜑䛙䛮䛑䜏㛭౿⩽䛴㢞ྙ䜕䛡䜘 ⾔䛌䛮භ䛱䚮◂✪䛴ཋ≟ሒ࿈䛮䚮 ᚃᩐ㐄㛣䛑䜏ᩐ䜯᭮䜽䜵䞀䝯䛭䛴◂ ✪᪁ྡྷᛮ䛱㛭䛟䜑㆗ㄵ䜘⾔䛩䛥䚯 㣜⏛㧏ኬ ᖲᠺ㻕㻕ᖳ㻕᭮䛱᩺ᴗᇡ⛁Ꮥ゛⟤ᶭ 䜻䜽䝊䝤䛒ᑙථ䛛䜒䚮ᴗᆀ◂භྜྷ◂ ✪⩽ྡྷ䛗䛱භྜྷฺ⏕䛱౩䛛䜒䛬䛊 䜑᩺䜻䜽䝊䝤䛵䚮ኬぜᶅ゛⟤䜘⾔䛌 ゛⟤䜻䜽䝊䝤䛴䜁䛑䛱䚮㻖ḗඔྊ ち䜻䜽䝊䝤䛐䜎䛹䝙䜥䜨䝯䜹䞀 䝔䞀䛑䜏ᵋᠺ䛛䜒䚮ኬぜᶅ䝋䞀䝃 ᒱ⏛㞖ᶖ 䝝䞀䜽䛴ᵋ⠇䛒ྊ⬗䛱䛰䛩䛬䛊䜑䚯 ᮇ◂✪㞗ఌ䛵䚮ᡜහ◂✪⩽䜘ྱ䜇 ฺ⏕⩽䛱ᑊ䛝䚮᩺䜻䜽䝊䝤䛴ຝ⋙Ⓩ 䛰ฺ⏕᪁Ἢཀྵ䛹䝋䞀䝃䝝䞀䜽䛴ප 㛜䛱ྡྷ䛗䛥᭯ຝ䛰Ὡ⏕᪁Ἢ䜘࿔▩ 䛝䚮ฺ⏕⩽┞ப䛴ሒஹᥦ䜘⾔䛌ሔ 䜘ᥞ౩䛟䜑䛙䛮䛒┘Ⓩ䛭䛈䜑䚯 㻭㻶㻷䝛䝱䜼䜫䜳䝌䛭䛈䜑୕エㄚ㢗᥆㐅 䛴䛥䜇䚮㇞༞ᴗᑻ䜎䜐㻕ྞ䛴◂✪⩽ 䛒ᮮ䛝䛥䚯⣑㻕㐄㛣䛴ᅹ䛴᭩⤂ 䛭䛈䜑䛙䛮䛑䜏ᅂ䛴ᅹ䛴ᠺᯕ 㣜⏛㧏ኬ 䜘ሒ࿈䛟䜑䛮භ䛱䚮ᚃᩐ㐄㛣䛑䜏 ᩐ䜯᭮䜽䜵䞀䝯䛭䛴◂✪᪁ྡྷᛮ䛱 㛭䛟䜑㆗ㄵ䜘⾔䛩䛥䚯 ୯ㆺᏫྚ㑳䛴㞯⤎ᬏ䛴ฦ㢦䟺୯ㆺ䟾 㻔㻜㻗㻜䠍㻃㻱㼄㼎㼄㼜㼄㻏㻃㻸㻑㻏㻃㻔㻜㻘㻗䟻䛵䚮୯ㆺ 䝄䜨䝨䜴䝭䝤䟺㻱㼄㼎㼄㼜㼄㻏㻃㻸㻑䟾㻔㻜㻘㻔䟻䚮ᑚ ᯐ䝄䜨䝨䜴䝭䝤䟺㻮㼒㼅㼄㼜㼄㼖㼋㼌㻏㻃㻷㻑㻏 㻔㻜㻙㻔䟻䛱Ⓠᒈ䛝䛥䚯䛣䛴ᚃ䛱㻰㼄㼊㼒㼑㼒 㼄㼑㼇㻃㻯㼈㼈㻃䟺㻔㻜㻙㻙䟻䛒᩺䛝䛊▩ず䜈ྱ䜇 䛬ᵋ⠇䛝䛥㞯䛴ฦ㢦⾪䛒䚮⌟ᅹ䛭䜈 ᅗ㝷Ⓩ䛰ᇱᮇሒ䛮䛰䛩䛬䛊䜑䚯⌟ ᅹ䜄䛭䛱䚮ᮇᅗහ䜘ྱ䜇䛥୯㧏⦃ ᗐ䛴ᐨು䜊༞ᴗ䝿ᴗᇡ䛭䛴㞯 ⤎ᬏ䛴びῼ⤎ᯕ䛒✒䛛䜒䛬䛓䛥 䛒䚮䛣䜒䜏䛴ሒ䜘┊䜐㎰䜙䛦᩺䛝 ᖲἉᑠᙢ 䛊ฦ㢦⾪䛴షᠺ䛵⾔䜕䜒䛬䛊䛰 䛊䚯ᫎᖳ䛑䜏䚮ᅗහ䛴㞯ểᏕఌఌဤ 䛒୯ᚨ䛮䛰䛩䛬䚮᩺䛝䛊ฦ㢦⾪䜘ష 䜑Ὡິ䛒ጙ䜄䛩䛥䚯㞹Ꮔ䝥䞀䝯䛭䛵 䛱㻖㻘㻓㏳䜘㉰䛎䜑㆗ㄵ䛒⾔䜕䜒䛬 䛓䛥䚯ᅂ䛵Ὡິ㛜ጙᚃ㻕ᗐ┘䛴ఌ ྙ䛭䛈䛩䛥䚯䛙䜒䜄䛭㻃䛱㻖䛪䛴ฦ㢦 మ⣌䛒ᥞ᱄䛛䜒䚮䛙䛴ఌྙ䛭䛵䛣䛴 䛌䛧䛴ୌ䛪䛱⤘䛩䛥䚯ᚃ䚮ᗀ㻃䛕㆗ ㄵ䜘䛹㎰䜆䛙䛮䜊䚮Ꮥఌ➴䛭䛴Ⓠ ⾪䛴᪁Ἢ䛱䛪䛊䛬䜈ヨ䛝ྙ䛩䛥䚯 㻭㻶㻷䝛䝱䜼䜫䜳䝌䛭䛈䜑୕エㄚ㢗᥆㐅 䛴䛥䜇䚮㼚㼈㼅ఌ㆗䜻䜽䝊䝤䛱䜎䜐㇞༞ ᴗᑻ䛮ᴗᆀ◂䜘䛪䛰䛔䚮◂✪䛴ཋ≟ 㣜⏛㧏ኬ ሒ࿈䛮䚮ᚃᩐ㐄㛣䛑䜏ᩐ䜯᭮䜽 䜵䞀䝯䛭䛴◂✪᪁ྡྷᛮ䛱㛭䛟䜑㆗ ㄵ䜘⾔䛩䛥䚯 ༞ᴗびῼ➠Ⅷ゛⏤䛭ᐁ᪃ᏽ䛴 㔔Ⅴ◂✪びῼ䜹䝚䝊䞀䝢㻕䚸༞ᴗᾇ ⏍ឺ⣌䛴ᚺ➽䜘㏳䛝䛬᥀䜑ᆀ⌣⎌ ᑚ㐡䚭ᜇኰ ሾንິ䚹䛱㛭䛝䛬䚮びῼ゛⏤䛴ᴣこ 䜘Ⓠ⾪䛟䜑䛮䛮䜈䛱䚮ィ⦆⯗ᾇ䛴ᡬ 䛧ྙ䜕䛡䜘⾔䛩䛥䚯 ㎾䛊ᑑᮮ㻃㻨㻬㻶㻦㻤㻷⛁Ꮥ༝ఌ䛵䚮 㻨㻬㻶㻦㻤㻷㼂㻖㻧゛⏤䛮䛊䛌᩺䛥䛰ኬぜᶅ シങ䛴㛜Ⓠ䛱├㟻䛟䜑䚯䛣䛙䛭㻶㻪㻲 䜘ྱ䜆㻨㻬㻶㻦㻤㻷༝ఌ䛵䚮㻨㻬㻶㻦㻤㻷䝰䞀 䝄䞀䛴᩺ぜ䝪䞀䜺䞀ᣉኬ䛴䛥䜇䛱䚮 䝌䝰䞀䝏䝷䜴䜷䞀䜽䜘ᅂ㻙㛣䛑䛗 䛬ᐁ᪃䛝䛥䚯䛙䛴䜷䞀䜽䛭䛵䚮㟸ᖱῦ ᩋ䛴⤄䜅䛑䜏䚮⌟⾔䛴㻨㻬㻶㻦㻤㻷 䜻䜽䝊䝤䟺䝁䝙䝌䜪䜫䜦䛮䝓䞀䝍䜪䜫䜦䟻 䛴ㄕ᪺䚮㻨㻬㻶㻦㻤㻷䝰䞀䝄䞀䜘⏕䛊䛥 䝊䜽䝌ᐁ㥺䛰䛯䛒ᐁ᪃䛛䜒䛥䚯ᴗᆀ ◂䛱䛐䛗䜑㐪㝰ㅦ⩇䛭䛵䚮ㅦⁿ ⩽䛴䝛䝰䝀䝷䝊䞀䜻䝫䝷䛴හᐖ䜘ᇱ 䛱䚮ᚪこ䛱ᚺ䛞䛬㊂ㄕ᪺䜘䛝䛥䜐䚮 㛭㏻㈠ᩩ䜘㒼ᕱ䛟䜑䛙䛮䛱䜎䜐䚮ཤຊ ⩽䛴⌦ゆ䜘䜇䜑䛙䛮䛱ᚨ䛒䛗䛥䚯 䝰䞀䝄䞀䜽䜳䞀䝯䛴䝟䞀䝤䝞䞀䜼 䟺㻶㻪㻲䟻䛵䚮 㼋㼗㼗㼓㻝㻒㻒㼚㼚㼚㻑㼖㼊㼒㻑㼉㼌㻒㻨㼙㼈㼑㼗㼖㻒㻵㻶㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㼌 㼑㼇㼈㼛㻑㼓㼋㼓 ᮇ䛱䛐䛗䜑㐪㝰ㅦ⩇䛴᱄හ䛵䚮 㼋㼗㼗㼓㻝㻒㻒㼚㼚㼚㻑㼑㼌㼓㼕㻑㼄㼆㻑㼍㼓㻒㼡㼖㼓㼘㼄㼖㻒㼌㼑㼉㼒㻒 㼇㼈㼗㼄㼌㼏㻑㼓㼋㼓㻢㼌㼇㻠㻕㻓㻔㻓㻓㻛㻔㻖㻔㻚㻖㻙㻕㻘 ― 153 ― 㻔㻒㻐㻔㻗㻘㻐 ᑚᕖὀಘ ᢰᙔ⩽䟺ሒ ࿈⩽䛮ྜྷ䛞 ሔྙ䛵␆䟻 ཤຊ⩽ᩐ 㻟䟺㻃䟻䛵හᩐ䚮㻋ኬ㻌䠌ኬᏕ㝌⏍䚮㻋አ㻌䠌አᅗெ䟻㻡 ᡜහ 㻟㻋ኬ㻌 㻋አ㻌㻡 ᡜአ 㻟㻋ኬ㻌 㻋አ㻌㻡 ങ⩻ ゛ 㻟㻋ኬ㻌 㻋አ㻌㻡 㻘 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻖 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻔㻌 㻛 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻔㻌 㻔㻓 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻘 㻋㻔㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔㻘 㻋㻔㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻗 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻛 㻋㻖㻌 㻋㻔㻌 㻔㻕 㻋㻖㻌 㻋㻔㻌 㻕 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻚 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻜 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻗 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻖 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻕㻌 㻚 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻕㻌 㻕 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔㻕 㻋㻚㻌 㻋㻔㻌 㻔㻗 㻋㻚㻌 㻋㻔㻌 㻖 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻖 㻋㻕㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻙 㻋㻕㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻱㼒㻑 㻛 㛜ത 㞗ఌྞ 㛜തሔᡜ ༞ኬὊ䛴ᾇὊ䝿ᾇểን 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻜㻒㻔㻗 ິᶭᵋ䛱㛭䛟䜑◂✪㞗 㻖㝭䜿䝣䝎䞀ᐄ 㻔㻖㻝㻖㻓ࠤ㻔㻛㻝㻔㻓 ఌ 㻜 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻚㻒㻔㻚 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻃ᖳ༞ᴗ༈Ꮥ༈⒢ ኬఌ㆗ᐄ 䝳䞀䜳䜻䝫䝇䝛 ᴣこ ሒ࿈⩽ ᭩㎾䛴◂✪ᠺᯕ䜘Ⓠ⾪䛝䚮ᚃ䛴 ༞ኬὊびῼ゛⏤䛴රమ䛱ྡྷ䛗䛬 ㆗ㄵ䛟䜑䛥䜇䛱◂✪㞗ఌ䜘ᐁ᪃䛝 䛥䚯ᅗහአ䛴◂✪ິྡྷ䛱㛭䛝䛬ሒ ஹᥦ䛝䚮ᾇὊ∸⌦䝿ᾇểฦ㔕䛭ᠻ䛒 ᅗ䛒᥆㐅䛟䜑䛿䛓༞ኬὊ◂✪䛴 ᚃ䛴ᒈ㛜䛱䛪䛊䛬㆗ㄵ䛝䛥䚯ཤຊ䛵 ᡜහአ䛑䜏㻔㻓ྞ䛭䛈䛩䛥䚯◂✪ᠺᯕ 䛮゛⏤⣺䛱㛭䛝䛬䚮㻘㻕ḗびῼ゛⏤ 䟺㻕௲䟻䚮ᾇὊ㓗ᛮ䚮∸㈹ᚘ⎌䚮Ἒ ᓃ䝡䝮䝏䝨䚮ᾇể୕✒㞯䛴≁ᛮ䚮 ∭ᑹ䚭㍜ Ꮢᾇểᇡ䛴ᅗ㝷භྜྷびῼ゛⏤䛴゛ 㻚௲䛒ヨ㢗ᥞ౩䛛䜒䛥䚯⥪ྙゞㄵ䛭 䛵䚮ᚃ䛴ᅗහአභྜྷ◂✪䛴㐅䜇 ᪁䜊䚸䛝䜏䛡䚹䛱䜎䜑ểᾇᇡᾇὊ䝦䝏 䝃䝮䝷䜴びῼ䚮ᾇ㮒୷⯗ᾇ゛⏤䛱㛭 䛝䛬ណずஹᥦ䛛䜒䛥䚯ᘤ䛓⤾䛓䚮ᅗ හአ䛴◂✪䜷䝣䝩䝏䝊䜧㛣䛭ሒභ ᭯䛝䛪䛪䚮◂✪䝊䞀䝢䛴᳠ゞ䜊び ῼཤຊ䛱ྡྷ䛗䛬‵ങ䜘㐅䜇䜑䛙䛮䛮 䛝䛥䚯 Ẏᖳ䛙䛴䛱㛜ത䛝䛬䛊䜑䝳䞀䜳 䜻䝫䝇䝛䛭䚮༞ᴗびῼ㝪䛭ᐁ᪃䛝䛬 䛓䛥༈Ꮥ◂✪䛴ᠺᯕ䜊༈⒢䛱㛭䛟 䜑ၡ㢗ཀྵ䛹⌟≟䜘Ⓠ⾪䛝䚮ᮇᖳฝⓆ 䛟䜑➠㻘㻕ḗ㝪䛭ᐁ᪃䛟䜑༈Ꮥ◂✪ ゛⏤䜘ᅖ䜇䜑ሔ䛮䛝䛬ὩⓆ䛰㈹䛒 ῳ㑋◂ኯ㑳 ⾔䜕䜒䛥䚯㝪䛭⤽⤾ᐁ᪃䛝䛬䛊䜑ᚨ ⌦◂✪䚮㻭㻤㻻㻤➴䛮䛴භྜྷ◂✪䛑䜏 䛴ሒ࿈䚮䜨䝷䝍䚮㡉ᅗ䚮୯ᅗ䚮䝍䜨䝈 䛴አᅗ㝪䛭䛴◂✪䛴ሒ࿈➴䚮䛙䜒䜄 䛭䛭᭩ኣ䛴◂✪⩽䛴ཤຊ䛒䛈䜐┊ ఌ䛦䛩䛥䚯 㻭㻶㻷䝛䝱䜼䜫䜳䝌䛭䛈䜑୕エㄚ㢗᥆㐅 䛴䛥䜇䚮㼚㼈㼅ఌ㆗䜻䜽䝊䝤䛱䜎䜐㇞༞ ᴗᑻ䛮ᴗᆀ◂䜘䛪䛰䛔䚮◂✪䛴ཋ≟ 㣜⏛㧏ኬ ሒ࿈䛮䚮ᚃᩐ㐄㛣䛑䜏ᩐ䜯᭮䜽 䜵䞀䝯䛭䛴◂✪᪁ྡྷᛮ䛱㛭䛟䜑㆗ ㄵ䜘⾔䛩䛥䚯 㻭㻶㻷䝛䝱䜼䜫䜳䝌䛭䛈䜑୕エㄚ㢗᥆㐅 䛴䛥䜇䚮㼚㼈㼅ఌ㆗䜻䜽䝊䝤䛱䜎䜐㇞༞ ᴗᑻ䛮ᴗᆀ◂䜘䛪䛰䛔䚮◂✪䛴ཋ≟ 㣜⏛㧏ኬ ሒ࿈䛮䚮ᚃᩐ㐄㛣䛑䜏ᩐ䜯᭮䜽 䜵䞀䝯䛭䛴◂✪᪁ྡྷᛮ䛱㛭䛟䜑㆗ ㄵ䜘⾔䛩䛥䚯 ⌟ᅹ᛬⃥䛰ንິ䛒㉫䛙䛩䛬䛊䜑ᴗ ᾇ䜘୯ᚨ䛮䛝䛬䚮ᮇ䛴ᴗᇡᾇὊ◂ ✪䛴ᚃ䜘⩻䛎䜑䛙䛮䜘┘Ⓩ䛮䛝䚮◂ ✪㞗ఌ䜘⾔䛩䛥䚯➠ୌᅂ┘䛮䛰䜑 㣜⏛㧏ኬ ᅂ䛵䚮㼎㼈㼜㼑㼒㼗㼈䜽䝘䞀䜯䞀䜘ஹ䛎⌟ ≟ヾㆉ䛑䜏䜽䝃䞀䝌䛝䚮ᚃ䛴ᮇ 䛴ᴗᇡᾇὊ◂✪䛴᪁ྡྷᛮ䛱䛪䛊䛬 ㆗ㄵ䜘⾔䛩䛥䚯 㻔㻓 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻜㻒㻖 㻭㻶㻷䝛䝱䜼䜫䜳䝌䚸᮶༞ᴗ ᾇ䜻䜽䝊䝤䛱䛐䛗䜑Ẵ ುንິ䛴ᙫ㡢ビ౮䛱ྡྷ ୯ఌ㆗ᐄ 䛗䛥ᇱ┑ᩒങ䚹䛱㛭䜕 䜑භྜྷ◂✪㞗ఌ 㻔㻔 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻔㻓㻒㻔㻜 㻭㻶㻷䝛䝱䜼䜫䜳䝌䚸᮶༞ᴗ ᾇ䜻䜽䝊䝤䛱䛐䛗䜑Ẵ ುንິ䛴ᙫ㡢ビ౮䛱ྡྷ ୯ఌ㆗ᐄ 䛗䛥ᇱ┑ᩒങ䚹䛱㛭䜕 䜑භྜྷ◂✪㞗ఌ 㻔㻕 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻔㻔㻒㻛 ᅗ❟ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜභྜྷ ฺ⏕◂✪㞗ఌ 䚸ᴗᇡᾇὊ◂✪㞗ఌ ᮶ாᾇὊኬᏕ ࠤ䛙䜒䛑䜏䛴ᴗᾇ◂ ✪䛮䛵䠑ࠤ䚹 㻔㻖 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻔㻔㻒㻔㻔 䚸༞ኬὊ䜨䝷䝍Ὂ༇䛱䛐 䛗䜑⏍∸ᾇὊᏕ◂✪୩ 䛹䛱⏍∸ᆀ⌣Ꮥ◂ ᴗᆀ◂ ✪䚹 䌝 䚭㻭㻤㻵㻨㻘㻕㔔Ⅴ◂✪ びῼ䜹䝚䝊䞀䝢䠄◂✪ びῼ゛⏤䚭䌝 ➠㻘㻕ḗびῼ㝪ᾇ㮒୷༞ᴗ⯗ᾇ䛱䛐 䛗䜑㔔Ⅴ◂✪゛⏤䜹䝚䝊䞀䝢䠄䛴◂ ✪゛⏤䜘᳠ゞ䛝䛥䚯 ༞ᴗහ㝛びῼ䝳䞀䜳 䜻䝫䝇䝛 ༞ᴗびῼ➠㻹㻬㻬㻬䛑䜏ḗ௧㜾䛱䛑 䛗䛬䚮හ㝛ᇱᆀ䜘ᣈⅤ䛮䛝䛥◂✪び ῼ䛴ᐁ᪃䜘゛⏤䛝䛬䛊䜑䚯◂✪䝏䞀 䜾䜘㞗⣑䛟䜑䛥䜇䚮㞯ể䚮ኬẴ䚮ኮ ᩝ䚮ᆀ㟀䚮㉰㧏ᒒ䛴ฦ㔕䛑䜏ᥞ౩ 䛛䜒䛥㻘௲䛴ヨ㢗䜘୯ᚨ䛱ណずஹᥦ 䛝䛥䚯ᚃ䚮゛⏤䛴රమ䜊ㄢᩒ䚮 ∭ᑹ䚭㍜ ‵ങ䜘㐅䜇䜑୕䛭᳠ゞㄚ㢗䜘᪺☔ 䛱䛝䛬䛊䛕䛥䜇䛱䜈䚮◂✪䜴䝯䞀䝛䝿 シႜ㛭౿⩽㛣䛭䛛䜏䛱ሒஹᥦ䜘 㐅䜇䜑䛙䛮䛒ヾㆉ䛛䜒䛥䚯䜄䛥䚮හ㝛 䛱├ᦘ䜕䜏䛰䛊◂✪⩽䛱䛮䛩䛬 䜈䚮㻭㻤㻵㻨䛴ᚃ䛴゛⏤䜘⌦ゆ䛟䜑 ᶭఌ䛮䛰䛩䛥䚯 㻔㻗 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻔㻔㻒㻔㻘 㻔㻖㻝㻖㻓㻐㻔㻙㻝㻔㻓 㻔㻘 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻔㻔㻒㻔㻙 㻖㝭䜿䝣䝎䞀ᐄ 㻭㻶㻷䝛䝱䜼䜫䜳䝌䚸᮶༞ᴗ ᾇ䜻䜽䝊䝤䛱䛐䛗䜑Ẵ ುንິ䛴ᙫ㡢ビ౮䛱ྡྷ ୯ఌ㆗ᐄ 䛗䛥ᇱ┑ᩒങ䚹䛱㛭䜕 䜑භྜྷ◂✪㞗ఌ 㻭㻶㻷䝛䝱䜼䜫䜳䝌䛭䛈䜑୕エㄚ㢗᥆㐅 䛴䛥䜇䚮㼚㼈㼅ఌ㆗䜻䜽䝊䝤䛱䜎䜐㇞༞ ᴗᑻ䛮ᴗᆀ◂䜘䛪䛰䛔䚮◂✪䛴ཋ≟ ሒ࿈䛮䚮ᚃᩐ㐄㛣䛑䜏ᩐ䜯᭮䜽 䜵䞀䝯䛭䛴◂✪᪁ྡྷᛮ䛱㛭䛟䜑㆗ ㄵ䜘⾔䛩䛥䚯 ― 154 ― 㻕㻒㻐㻔㻗㻘㻐 ᑚ㐡ᜇኰ 㣜⏛㧏ኬ ᢰᙔ⩽䟺ሒ ࿈⩽䛮ྜྷ䛞 ሔྙ䛵␆䟻 ཤຊ⩽ᩐ 㻟䟺㻃䟻䛵හᩐ䚮㻋ኬ㻌䠌ኬᏕ㝌⏍䚮㻋አ㻌䠌አᅗெ䟻㻡 ᡜහ 㻟㻋ኬ㻌 㻋አ㻌㻡 ᡜአ 㻟㻋ኬ㻌 㻋አ㻌㻡 ങ⩻ ゛ 㻟㻋ኬ㻌 㻋አ㻌㻡 㻘 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻘 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔㻓 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻚 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻙㻗 㻋㻔㻌 㻋㻙㻌 㻚㻔 㻋㻔㻌 㻋㻙㻌 㻗 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻖 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻕㻌 㻚 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻕㻌 㻗 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻖 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻕㻌 㻚 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻕㻌 㻕 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻙㻓 㻋㻔㻘㻌 㻋㻔㻌 㻙㻕 㻋㻔㻘㻌 㻋㻔㻌 㻜 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔㻕 㻋㻗㻌 㻋㻔㻌 㻕㻔 㻋㻗㻌 㻋㻔㻌 㻕㻚 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻜 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻖㻙 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻖 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻖 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻕㻌 㻙 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻕㻌 㻱㼒㻑 㻔㻙 㛜ത 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻔㻕㻒㻜 㻐㻔㻕㻒㻔㻓 㞗ఌྞ 㛜തሔᡜ ᴗᇡ䛮୯⦃ᗐᇡ䛭びᐳ 䛛䜒䜑㞯⤎ᬏ䛴ฦ㢦䛱 ᴗᆀ◂ 㛭䛟䜑᳠ゞ 㻕㻔 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻔㻔㻒㻔㻛 㻕㻕 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻔㻕㻒㻕 ཤຊ⩽ᩐ 㻟䟺㻃䟻䛵හᩐ䚮㻋ኬ㻌䠌ኬᏕ㝌⏍䚮㻋አ㻌䠌አᅗெ䟻㻡 ᡜහ 㻟㻋ኬ㻌 㻋አ㻌㻡 ᡜአ 㻟㻋ኬ㻌 㻋አ㻌㻡 ങ⩻ ゛ 㻟㻋ኬ㻌 㻋አ㻌㻡 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔㻓 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㣜⏛㧏ኬ 㻗 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻖 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻕㻌 㻚 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻕㻌 㣜⏛㧏ኬ 㻕 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻖㻘 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻛㻌 㻖㻚 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻛㻌 ᴗ⎌ሾ◂✪䛴ㄚ㢗䛮 ኬఌ㆗ᐄ ᒈ᭻ ᩝ㒂⛁Ꮥ┤䛴⛁Ꮥᢇ⾙䝿Ꮥ⾙ᐼ㆗ ఌ䛴ୖ䛱シ䛗䜏䜒䛥ᴗ◂✪᳠ゞ షᴏ㒂ఌ䛱䛐䛊䛬᳠ゞ䛛䜒䚮୯㛣 ሒ࿈䛮䛝䛬䜄䛮䜇䜏䜒䛥ᴗ⎌ሾ◂ ✪䛴㔔こㄚ㢗䛱㛭㏻䛝䛬䚮ᮇ䛴 ◂✪䜷䝣䝩䝏䝊䜧䞀䛒ᚃ㻘㻐㻔㻓ᖳ⛤ ᗐ䛴䜽䜵䞀䝯䛭䛯䛴䜎䛌䛰◂✪䜘ᵋ 䛝䛬䛊䜑䛑䚮䜄䛥䚮䛣䜒䜏䜘ᐁ⌟䛟 䜑䛥䜇䛴◂✪ᇱ┑䛮䛝䛬ర䛒ᚪこ 䛑䚮䛰䛯䛱䛪䛊䛬ሒஹᥦ䜊㆗ㄵ䛟 䜑䛙䛮䜘┘Ⓩ䛮䛝䛬ᵾエ䛴භྜྷ◂✪ 㞗ఌ䜘㛜ത䛝䛥䚯Ⓠ⾪හᐖ䜘๑䛱 ◂✪ᥞ᱄᭡䛴ᙟ䛭ᥞฝ䛝䛬䜈䜏䛊䚮 ᚃ䛴◂✪゛⏤䜘᳠ゞ䛟䜑ᇱ♇㈠ ᩩ䛮䛝䛥䚯㻕㛣䛱䜕䛥䜐䚮ኬẴ䚮ᾇ Ὂ䚮㞯ể䚮㝛ᇡ䛰䛯ฦ㔕䛴◂✪ᥞ ᱄䜘䛟䛿䛬ཾ㢄Ⓠ⾪䛝䛬䜈䜏䛊䚮㈹ 䜘㏳䛝䛬භ㏳⌦ゆ䜘䜇䜑䛮䛮䜈 䛱䚮ᗑ㛏䛱䜎䜑ᥞ᱄හᐖ䛴⥪ᣋ䚮 ◂✪ᇱ┑䛴⌟≟䚮ᮅゆỬ䛴◂✪୕ 䛴䜲䝧䝇䝛䛰䛯䛱䛪䛊䛬⥪ྙゞㄵ䜘 ⾔䛩䛥䚯 ᐋᒱ䚭Ᏻ 㻖㻓 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔㻔㻓 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔㻗㻓 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 䝔䜨䜮䝱䜲䝷䜴䛱䜎䜑ᴗ ኬఌ㆗ᐄ ᇡິ∸◂✪䛴᭩๑⥲ ᮇ◂✪㞗ఌ䛭䛵䚮ᮇ䝔䜨䜮䝱䜲䝷 䜴◂✪ఌ䛮䛴භത䛱䜎䜐䚮ᅗහ䛴◂ ✪⩽䛱䝔䜨䜮䝱䜲䝷䜴䜘䛩䛥ᴗᇡ ິ∸◂✪䛴᭩᩺䛴◂✪ᠺᯕ䜘䜄䛮 䜇䛬Ⓠ⾪䛝䛬䛊䛥䛦䛊䛥䚯䜄䛥䚮䝔䜨 䜮䝱䜲䝷䜴䝋䞀䝃䛴ゆᯊᡥἪ䛱䛪䛊 䛬䛴䝳䞀䜳䜻䝫䝇䝛䜘⾔䛊䚮ᚃ䛴䝔 䜨䜮䝱䜲䝷䜴◂✪䛴᪁ྡྷᛮ䛱䛪䛊䛬 ㆗ㄵ䜘䜇䛥䚯 㧏ᶣ࿔ 㻛 㻋㻗㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻗㻘 㻋㻔㻗㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻘㻖 㻋㻔㻛㻌 㻋㻓㻌 ⎌ሾንິ䛱ᑊ䛟䜑ᴗᇡ ⏍∸䛴⏍ឺⓏᚺ➽䝛䝱 䠇㝭ఌ㆗ᐄ 䜿䜽䛴◂✪ ධమ䛴◂✪䛴㐅ᒈ≟Ἓ䜘┞ப䛱⌦ ゆ䛝䛥䛌䛎䛭䚮᩺ぜ◂✪゛⏤❟᱄䛱 ྡྷ䛗䛥᭯ណ⩇䛰ណずஹᥦ䛒ฝᮮ 䛥䚯 㝛୕⏍∸䜴䝯䞀䝛䛴䛌ᑊ㇗⏍∸ 䛵䚮ᚉᮮ䛴䜷䜵䚮ᆀ⾨䚮⸬㢦୯ᚨ䛑 䜏䚮䝔䜳䝊䝮䜦䚮Ⳟ㢦䚮᚜ᑚິ∸䛾䛮 ᗀ䛒䜐䜘ず䛡䛬䛐䜐䚮㝛୕⏍∸┞䛴 䜁䜂䛟䛿䛬䛴䜴䝯䞀䝛䜘䜯䝔䞀䛟䜑 䜄䛭䛱䛰䛩䛥䚯≁䛱䜿䝷䝅䝩䜪䜊䜳䝢 䝤䜻䛱䛪䛊䛬䛵䚮䛙䜒䜄䛭䜁䛮䜙䛯◂ ✪䛒㐅䜙䛭䛊䛰䛊䛙䛮䛑䜏䚮ᚃ䛴 ᒈ㛜䛒ኬ䛊䛱ᙽ䛛䜒䜑䚯䛣䜒䛤䜒 䛴ኣᵕᛮ◂✪䛒⣺䛛䜒䜑䛰䛑䛭䚮 䝔䜳䝊䝮䜦䛱䛪䛊䛬䛵䛣䜒䛤䜒䛴ᶭ ⬗䛱ᇱ䛫䛕┞ப㛭౿䛴ᢍᥩ䛾䛮Ⓠ ᒈ䛝䛬䛊䜑䛙䛮䛒༰㇗Ⓩ䛭䛈䛩䛥䚯䜷 䜵ᆎ䜘䝣䜳䝱䜷䜽䝦䜽䛮䛝䛬䛮䜏䛎䚮 㓗㑇ඔ㞹న䛱ᚺ䛞䛥ኣᵕ䛰䝔䜳䝊 䝮䜦䛴䝑䝇䝌䝳䞀䜳䜘⌦ゆ䛝䜎䛌䛮䛟䜑 ム䜅䛵䚮ኬ䛓䛰ᠺᯕ䜘୕䛘䛪䛪䛈 䜑䚯 ᅂ䛴◂✪㞗ఌ䛭䛴ሒஹᥦ䜘䜈䛮 䛱䚮ᖳᗐ୯䛱᩺䛥䛰◂✪ᥞ᱄䜘䜄 䛮䜇୕䛘䜑మโ䜘ᩒ䛎䜑䛙䛮䛒ฝᮮ 䛥䚯 ᮟ䚭ᬓ 㻘 㻋㻔㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔㻓 㻋㻖㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔㻘 㻋㻗㻌 㻋㻓㻌 ㉰ኬ㝛䛴ᠺ㛏䛮㐅㐛 䠅㝭䜿䝣䝎䞀ᐄ ⛤䛴ゆ᪺ 㻕㻓㻓㻚ᖳ䛑䜏㻕㻓㻔㻓ᖳ䜄䛭䛴䠅䜯ᖳ゛⏤ 䛭ᐁ᪃䛝䛥༞ᴗ䜿䞀䝯䝱䝷䝄䞀䝑ᒜ ᆀᆀ㈹ㄢᰕ䝛䝱䜼䜫䜳䝌䛴⤂䛱ఔ 䛊䚮➠㻗㻜ḗ䚮䠇䠂ḗ䚮㻘㻔ḗ㝪䛴༞ᴗ びῼ䛱ཤຊ䛝䛥㝪ဤ䛒㞗䜄䛩䛬 䝙䜧䞀䝯䝍䝋䞀䝃䜊ゆᯊ䝋䞀䝃䜘ᣚ 䛧ᐞ䜐䚮◂✪䛴㐅ᤎ≟Ἓ䛮ᚃ䛴◂ ✪᪁㔢䛱䛪䛊䛬ゞㄵ䛮ណずஹᥦ䜘 ⾔䛩䛥䚯 አ⏛ᬓ༐ 㻖 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔㻗 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻕㻌 㻔㻚 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻕㻌 㻳㼄㼆㼌㼉㼌㼆㻃㻤㼕㼆㼗㼌㼆㻃㻪㼕㼒㼘㼓 㻋㻳㻤㻪㻌㻃㼐㼈㼈㼌㼑㼊 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻚㻒㻕㻜㻐 㻖㻓 ࿈⩽䛮ྜྷ䛞 ሔྙ䛵␆䟻 㻛 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻔㻕㻒㻔㻓 㻔㻛 㻃㻐 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻔㻕㻒㻔㻔 㻕㻓 㞯⤎ᬏ䛴ฦ㢦䛵㻰㼄㼊㼒㼑㼒㻃㼄㼑㼇㻃㻯㼈㼈 㻋㻔㻜㻙㻙㻌䛒⌟ᅹ䛭䜈ୠ⏲Ⓩ䛱ᗀ䛕䜕 䜒䛬䛊䜑䚯䛝䛑䛝䛰䛒䜏䟾䛙䛴ฦ㢦䛭 䛵㻔㻜㻙㻓ᖳᚃ༖௧㜾䛱༞ᴗᇡ䜊 ᴗᇡ䛭びᐳ䛛䜒䛬䛓䛥Ὼᆵ㞯⤎ ᬏ䛒ྱ䜄䜒䛬䛊䛰䛊䛰䛯䛴ၡ㢗Ⅴ䛒 䛈䜑䚯㻰㼄㼊㼒㼑㼒㻃㼄㼑㼇㻃㻯㼈㼈㻃㻋㻔㻜㻙㻙㻌䛱䜎䜑 ฦ㢦䛴ᨭゖ䜘┘Ⓩ䛮䛝䛬䟾䛙䜒䜄䛭 䛱୦ᴗᇡ䛮୯⦃ᗐᇡ䛭びᐳ䛛䜒䛥 㞯⤎ᬏ䛴ฦ㢦䜘්᳠ゞ䛝䟾䚸᩺䛝䛊 㞯⤎ᬏฦ㢦᱄䚹䜘㻙᭮䛴ఌྙ䛭షᠺ 䛝䛥䚯䛣䛴ᚃ䚮ᏕఌⓆ⾪䛰䛯䜘⾔䛊䚮 䛣䜒䜏䜘ຊ䛝䛬ᖳᗐ㻕ᅂ┘䛴ఌ ྙ䜘ᣚ䛧䚮ಞḿ䜊ᚃ䛱䛪䛊䛬᳠ ゞ䛝䛥䚯 ᢰᙔ⩽䟺ሒ 㻕 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔㻚 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻔㻕㻒㻕 㻕㻓㻔㻔㻒㻔㻒㻔㻛㻐 㻔㻜 ሒ࿈⩽ ⏛䚭ㄌ 㻭㻶㻷䝛䝱䜼䜫䜳䝌䚸᮶༞ᴗ ᾇ䜻䜽䝊䝤䛱䛐䛗䜑Ẵ ುንິ䛴ᙫ㡢ビ౮䛱ྡྷ 㻘㝭ఌ㆗ᐄ 䛗䛥ᇱ┑ᩒങ䚹䛱㛭䜕 䜑භྜྷ◂✪㞗ఌ 㻔㻜 ᴣこ ኬఌ㆗ᐄ ୯ఌ㆗ᐄ 㻭㻶㻷䝛䝱䜼䜫䜳䝌䛭䛈䜑୕エㄚ㢗᥆㐅 䛴䛥䜇䚮ᴗᇡ䜻䝷䝡䜼䜪䝤Ⓠ⾪䛴䛥 䜇㞗䜄䛩䛥㛭౿⩽䛮䚮◂✪䛴ཋ≟ሒ ࿈䛮䚮ᚃᩐ㐄㛣䛑䜏ᩐ䜯᭮䜽䜵䞀 䝯䛭䛴◂✪᪁ྡྷᛮ䛱㛭䛟䜑㆗ㄵ䜘 ⾔䛩䛥䚯 ኯᖲὊഁᴗᾇ◂✪䜘᥆㐅䛝䛬䛊 䜑ᅗ䛴◂✪⩽䛴⾪䛒ᴗᆀ◂䛱 ఌ䛝䛬䚮ᖳୌᗐ䛴◂✪㞗ఌ䜘ᐁ᪃䛝 䛥䚯 ― 155 ― 㻖㻒㻐㻔㻗㻘㻐 㻱㼒㻑 㛜ത 㻕㻖 㻕㻓㻔㻔㻒㻖㻒㻖 㻕㻗 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻔㻕㻒㻕㻔 㞗ఌྞ 㛜തሔᡜ ➠㻘㻕ḗびῼ㝪ᾇ㮒୷༞ᴗ⯗ᾇ䛱䛐 䛗䜑びῼᐁ᪃ᴣこ䛴ሒ࿈䚮䛐䜎䛹➠ 㻘㻖ḗびῼ㝪ᾇ㮒୷༞ᴗ⯗ᾇ䛱䛐䛗 䜑びῼ゛⏤䛴ᥞ᱄䛮ㄢᩒ䜘⾔䛩䛥䚯 ༞ᴗᇱᆀኬᆵኬ Ẵ䝰䞀䝄䞀゛⏤ 䟺㻳㻤㻱㻶㻼䟻◂✪㞗ఌ ༞ᴗᇱᆀኬᆵኬẴ䝰䞀䝄䞀 䟺㻳㻤㻱㻶㻼䟻䛵㻕㻓㻔㻓ᖳᮆ䛱ᇱᆀ䛭 䛴ᘋシ䛒ጙ䜄䜐㻃䚮㻕㻓㻔㻔ᖳ๑༖䛱䛵 ิびῼ䛒㛜ጙ䛛䜒䜑ᏽ䛭䛈䜑䚯 ྜྷ䝰䞀䝄䞀䜘⏕䛊䛥䜹䜨䜬䝷䜽䛴᪁ ྡྷᛮ䛱䛪䛊䛬㆗ㄵ䛟䜑䛥䜇䚮ᮇ◂✪ 㞗ఌ䜘㛜ത䛝䛥䚯◂✪㞗ఌ䛭䛵䚮ᑊ Ὦᅥ䛑䜏㞹㞫ᅥ䜄䛭䛴㧏ᗐ㡷ᇡ 䛱䛐䛗䜑㻳㻤㻱㻶㻼䝰䞀䝄䞀䜘⏕䛊䛥◂ ✪䛴ྊ⬗ᛮ䚮㻳㻤㻱㻶㻼䝰䞀䝄䞀䛴㧏 ᶭ⬗䛱䜎䛩䛬ᐁ⌟䛛䜒䜑᩺䛥䛰びῼ ᢇ⾙䚮Ẵು䝦䝋䝯䛮䛴㏻ᦘ䛱䜎䜑Ẵ ುንິῼᨭၻ䛾䛴ཱི䜐⤄䜅➴䚮 ኣᩐ䛴◂✪ㄚ㢗䛱䛪䛊䛬ὩⓆ䛰㆗ ㄵ䛒ᒈ㛜䛛䜒䛥䚯 ኬఌ㆗ᐄ ᮶༞ᴗᆀᇡ䛴ểᗃහ 㝛㒂ᗀᇡ䝌䝭䝔䞀䜽᥀ ᰕ䛴ᠺᯕ䛮䜐䜄䛮䜇䛱㛭 ᴗᆀ◂ 䛟䜑◂✪㞗ఌ䟺➠䠃ᅂ ┘䟻 㻕㻙 㻕㻓㻔㻔㻒㻕㻒㻔㻘 ᮶༞ᴗᆀᇡ䛴ểᗃහ 㝛㒂ᗀᇡ䝌䝭䝔䞀䜽᥀ ᰕ䛴ᠺᯕ䛮䜐䜄䛮䜇䛱㛭 ᴗᆀ◂ 䛟䜑◂✪㞗ఌ䟺➠䠄ᅂ ┘䟻 㻕㻓㻔㻔㻒㻔㻕㻒㻕㻔 㻐㻕㻕 ᴗᇡ䛱䛐䛗䜑㞹㞫ᅥ䝕 䝭䝥䞀䝃䛴㟸⥲ᙟⓆᒈ㻝 ᴗᆀ◂ 䝦䝋䝯䛮᳠チ 㻕㻛 㻕㻓㻔㻔㻒㻔㻒㻔㻕 ᴗᇡ䛴㞴䛴⾠᫅びῼ䛱 ᴗᆀ◂ 㛭䛟䜑◂✪㞗ఌ 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻚㻒㻕㻔 㻐㻕㻕 ༞ᴗኬẴ䜬䜦䝱䝂䝯䠌䛙 䜒䜄䛭䛴びῼ⤎ᯕ䛴᳠ ᴗᆀ◂ ゞ䛮ᚃ䛴びῼ゛⏤䛴 䛥䜇䛴◂✪ఌ 㻕㻜 ሒ࿈⩽ ➠Ⅷ䠈䛑ᖳ゛⏤㔔Ⅴ ◂✪゛⏤䜹䝚䝊䞀䝢䠄 㻭㻤㻵㻨㻘㻕ᾇ㮒୷⯗ᾇ 㻋㻸㻰㻐㻔㻓㻐㻓㻗㻌⥪ᣋ୩䛹 ᴗᆀ◂ 䛱㻭㻤㻵㻨㻘㻖ᾇ㮒୷⯗ᾇ ゛⏤ㄢᩒ䛱㛭䛟䜑ᡬྙ 䛡 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻔㻔㻒㻔㻙 㻕㻘 㻐㻔㻚 㻕㻚 ᴣこ ᶣ⏛䚭ඔ ෞᕖႌᘧ ᮇ䝿䜽䜪䜫䞀䝋䝷ྙྜྷ䛴හ㝛ểᗃ 䝌䝭䝔䞀䜽びῼ䛴⌟ᆀびῼ䛒Ᏸ 䛝䚮ểᗃහ㝛㒂䛴⎌ሾ䛱䛪䛊䛬䛴び ῼ⤂ᚃ䛴䝋䞀䝃ฦᯊ䜊䜹䝷䝛䝯 ฌ⌦䛵䚮ᩐᖳ䜘䛑䛗䛬ᐁ᪃䛴㏭୕䛱 䛈䜑䚯㻬㻳㻼㛣䛴ᠺᯕ䛮䜐䜄䛮䜇䜘こ 䛟䜑ᅗ㝷Ⓩ䛰ິ䛓䛮㏻ິ䛝䚮䛙䜒䜄䛭 䛴◂✪ᠺᯕ䜘ᣚ䛧ᐞ䜐䚮ểᗃහ㝛㒂 䛴ㅎ⌟㇗䛴ᴣこ䜊⣵㒂䜘㆗ㄵ䛟䜑 ◂✪ఌྙ䛮䛝䛬ᐁ᪃䛟䜑䚯ᖲᠺ㻕㻓㻏 ⸠⏛䚭⚵ 㻕㻔ᖳᗐ䛱ᐁ᪃䜘䛝䛥䠄ᗐ䛴ᅗ㝷ఌྙ 䛱⤾䛕㆗ㄵ䛮䛝䚮⌟ᆀびῼ䛱ཤຊ䛝 䛥◂✪⩽䛮ᨥᥴ䜘䛝䛥◂✪⩽䛒㆗ㄵ 䜘䛟䜑ᶭఌ䛮䛝䛥䚯䚸ኬẴ䝿㞯ể㛣䛴 ∸㈹ᚘ⎌䛮༞ᴗ䛾䛴∸㈹㍲㏞䛱㛭 䛟䜑◂✪ᑚ㞗ఌ䚹䛮ྙྜྷ䛭䛐䛙䛰 䛊䚮㛭㏻◂✪䛴ሒஹᥦ䛮㆗ㄵ䛴 ඖᐁ䜘䛵䛑䛩䛥䚯රమⓏ䛰ㄵᩝᇮ➱ 䝛䝭䝷䛵䚮㻕㻓㻔㻔ᖳ䛴㻕᭮䛱ᐁ᪃䛝䛥 ➠䠄ᅂ┘䛴ఌྙ䛭ᐁ᪃䛝䛥䚯 ᮶༞ᴗᆀᇡ䛴ểᗃහ㝛㒂ᗀᇡ䝌䝭 䝔䞀䜽᥀ᰕ䛱䛪䛊䛬䚮䜽䜪䜫䞀䝋䝷 ഁ⾪䛴㻫㼒㼏㼐㼏㼘㼑㼇ᩅ䛱䜈ᮮ䛊 ⸠⏛䚭⚵ 䛥䛦䛓䚮◂✪ᠺᯕ䛴┞ப䛴✲䛓ྙ䜕 䛡䛮ㄵᩝᇮ➱䛴රమ䝛䝭䝷䛴ᡬ䛧ྙ 䜕䛡䜘ᐁ᪃䛝䛥䚯 ⃥䛝䛕ንິ䛟䜑䛛䜄䛜䜄䛰ᴗᇡ㞹㞫 ᅥ䝿☚Ẵᅥ⌟㇗䛱䛪䛊䛬䚮✭䜽 䜵䞀䝯䜊㻃䜬䝑䝯䜲㻃䞀ንᥦ䛱㛭䜕䜑 䝕䝭䝥䝃䛴㟸⥲ᙟⓆᒈ䝛䝱䜿䜽䜘䛮䜐 䛈䛘䚮䛣䛴䝛䝱㻃䜿䜽䜘びῼྊ⬗䛰 ྚᕖ䚭㢟ḿ ⌟㇗ㄵ䝦䝋䝯䛮䛝䛬ᩒ⌦䛟䜑䛙䛮䛱 䜎䜐䚮ᴗᇡ㞹㞫ᅥ䛱᪂䛗㻃䜑㞹☚ງᏕ ⌦ゆ䛴᩺䛥䛰ว䜐ཾ䜘ず䛊䛦䛟䛙䛮 䜘┘Ⓩ䛮䛝䛥◂✪㞗ఌ䜘㛜ത䛟䜑䚯 ㎾ᖳ䚮㻤㻐㻷㼕㼄㼌㼑➴䛴ᆀ⌣びῼ⾠᫅䛱 䜎䜑㞴䜊䜬䜦䝱䝂䝯䛴ධ⌣びῼ䛒⾔ 䜕䜒䛬䛊䜑䚯䛙䜒䜏ᆀ⌣びῼ⾠᫅䛴 ኣ䛕䛵ᴗ㌮㐠䜘䛮䜑䛥䜇䚮ᴗᇡ䛭䛵 ⣑㻔㻓㻓ฦ䛱㻔ᅂ䛴㧏㢎ᗐ䛭びῼ䛒䛰 䛛䜒䛬䛊䜑䚯䛝䛑䛝䚮≁䛱㞴䛱䛪䛊䛬 䛵䚮䛣䛴ୖ䛱Ꮛᅹ䛟䜑㞯ể㟻䛮ᨲᑏ ិ䚭ㄌ ≁ᛮ䛒㢦జ䛝䛬䛊䜑䛥䜇䚮㞴䛴ㆉื ⮤మ䛱ᅏ㞬䜘ఔ䛌䚯䛣䛙䛭䚮ᮇ◂✪ 㞗ఌ䛭䛵ᴗᇡ䛴㞴䛴⾠᫅びῼ䝋䞀 䝃ゆᯊ䛱䛪䛊䛬䛴▩ず䜘㛭౿⩽䛮භ ᭯䛝䚮ᚃ䛴◂✪䛴᪁ྡྷᛮ䛱䛪䛊䛬 ゞㄵ䛟䜑䚯 ⌟ᅹ䚮ᢰᙔ⩽䛱䜎䜐䚮㐛ཡ䛴䜬䜦䝱䝂 䝯㉲びῼ䛑䜏ᚋ䜏䜒䛥䝋䞀䝃䝿䜹 䝷䝛䝯䛴ゆᯊ䝿ฦᯊ䛒⢥ງⓏ䛱㐅䜇 䜏䜒䛬䛊䜑䚯ᚃ䛴ᠺᯕⓆ⾪䜘㐅䜇 䛬䛊䛕䛱䛈䛥䜐䚮ゆᯊ⤎ᯕ䛴┞பẒ ㍉䜘⾔䛩䛬䛊䛕䛙䛮䛒㔔こ䛮䛰䜑䚯䜄 䛥䚮㻭㻤㻵㻨㻘㻓㻃䛭䜈㉲䜬䜦䝱䝂䝯び ཋ䚭ᅽୌ㑳 ῼ䛒䛰䛛䜒䚮㻭㻤㻵㻨㻘㻔㻃ኚ䛱䛝䜏 䛡䛱䜎䜐ᇱᆀἀᾇể⦍㎾䛴 䜬䜦䝱䝂䝯䛮㻧㻰㻶㻃䛴ྜྷびῼ䜈ᐁ ᪃䛛䜒䛥䚯ᮇ◂✪ᑚ㞗ఌ䛭䛵䚮びῼ ⤎ᯕ䛴┞பẒ㍉䜘⾔䛌䛙䛮䚮⌟≟䛴 䜬䜦䝱䝂䝯びῼ䛴≟Ἓ䝿ၡ㢗Ⅴ䜘ᢍ ᥩ䛟䜑䛙䛮䚮ᑑᮮ゛⏤䜘㆗ㄵ䛟䜑䛙䛮 䜘┘Ⓩ䛮䛝䛬䚮◂✪ఌ䜘㛜ത䛝䛥䚯 ― 156 ― 㻗㻒㻐㻔㻗㻘㻐 ᢰᙔ⩽䟺ሒ ࿈⩽䛮ྜྷ䛞 ሔྙ䛵␆䟻 ཤຊ⩽ᩐ 㻟䟺㻃䟻䛵හᩐ䚮㻋ኬ㻌䠌ኬᏕ㝌⏍䚮㻋አ㻌䠌አᅗெ䟻㻡 ᡜහ 㻟㻋ኬ㻌 㻋አ㻌㻡 ᡜአ 㻟㻋ኬ㻌 㻋አ㻌㻡 ങ⩻ ゛ 㻟㻋ኬ㻌 㻋አ㻌㻡 㻕 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔㻖 㻋㻔㻌 㻋㻘㻌 㻔㻘 㻋㻔㻌 㻋㻘㻌 㻚 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻔㻌 㻜 㻋㻕㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔㻙 㻋㻕㻌 㻋㻔㻌 㻛 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻔㻌 㻛 㻋㻔㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔㻙 㻋㻔㻌 㻋㻔㻌 㻕 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻔㻌 㻗 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻔㻌 㻙 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻕㻌 㻜 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔㻖 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻕㻕 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔㻗 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔㻘 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻘 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔㻔 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔㻙 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻱㼒㻑 㛜ത 㞗ఌྞ 㛜തሔᡜ 㻖㻓 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻔㻔㻒㻔㻙 䇩㻔㻚 ኬẴ䝿㞯ể㛣䛴∸㈹ᚘ ⎌䛮༞ᴗᇡ䛾䛴∸㈹㍲ ᴗᆀ◂ ㏞䛱㛭䛟䜑◂✪ᑚ㞗ఌ 㻖㻔 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻔㻕㻒㻔㻓 㻔㻖㻝㻖㻓㻐㻕㻔㻝㻓㻓 ᐨ෫ᇡ䛱䛐䛗䜑㜾㞯䛮 㞯⤎ᬏ䛴◂✪䛮ᩅ⫩䛴 ᴗᆀ◂ ᚃ䛴ᒈ᭻ 㻖㻕 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻔㻓㻒㻕㻜 ᴗ㝀⎌ሾ䛱䛐䛗䜑᚜ᑚ ᴗᆀ◂ ⏍ឺ⣌䛴⥪ྙⓏ◂✪ 㻖㻖 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻔㻔㻒㻔㻛 ༞ᴗᆀᇡびῼ➠Ⅷ ゛⏤䛱䛐䛗䜑㝛୕⏍∸ ᴗᆀ◂ ◂✪䛴ᒈ᭻ 㻖㻗 㻕㻓㻔㻔㻒㻕㻒㻕㻕 㻔㻖㻝㻖㻓㻐㻔㻚㻝㻔㻘 ᇱᆀ䛱䛐䛗䜑 㻨㻯㻩㻒㻹㻯㻩㞹ἴびῼ䛴 ᒈ᭻ ᴗᆀ◂ ᴣこ ሒ࿈⩽ ᢰᙔ⩽䟺ሒ ࿈⩽䛮ྜྷ䛞 ሔྙ䛵␆䟻 䛙䜒䜄䛭䛱༞ᴗኬ㝛ểᗃ୕䛴⾪㟻 ✒㞯䛴びῼ䝿䜦䜨䜽䜷䜦ゆᯊ䚮Ἒᓃ ᇡ䜊හ㝛㒂䛭䛴䜬䜦䝱䝂䝯びῼ䜊 Ẵ㇗びῼ䛒ᐁ᪃䛛䜒䛬䛓䛥䚯䛣䜒䛤 䜒䛴びῼ䛱䛪䛊䛬ื䛱㆗ㄵ䛒䛛 䜒䜑䛙䛮䛒ኣ䛕䚮∸㈹ஹᥦ䝿ᚘ⎌䛴び Ⅴ䛑䜏ኬẴᅥ䛮㞯ểᅥ㛣䛴∸㈹⛛ ཋ䚭ᅽୌ㑳 ິ䝿ஹᥦ䛴㆗ㄵ䛵䚮䛙䜒䜄䛭䛱䜁䛮䜙 䛯⾔䜕䜒䛬䛊䛰䛑䛩䛥䚯ኬẴ㞯ể㛣 䛴∸㈹ஹᥦ䛱䛪䛊䛬䚮䛙䜒䜄䛭䛴び ῼ䝋䞀䝃䜊ᐄහᐁ㥺⤎ᯕ䜘Ẓ㍉䛝䚮 ᚃ䛴භྜྷ◂✪䛴᪁ྡྷ䜘᳠ゞ䛟䜑 䛥䜇䚮ᮇ◂✪ఌ䜘㛜ത䛝䛥䚯 㜾㞯䜊㞯⤎ᬏ䛱㛭䛟䜑びῼ䚮ᐄහ ᐁ㥺䚮びῼ᪁Ἢ䚮୯ㆺᏫྚ㑳䛴び ῼ䝋䞀䝃䜘ฺ⏕䛝䛥⤎ᬏᠺ㛏䛴ゆ ᯊ䛰䛯䚮㞯䚮㞴䚮㞭䚮ỀⵠẴ䚮ᰶ䛰䛯 䛴⮤䛒⾔䛩䛬䛊䜑◂✪䛴⣺䚮䜄 ᓞ⏛䚭ர 䛥Ꮥ⏍䛱ᑊ䛝䛬䚮◂✪䜘㐅䜇䛬䛊䛕 ᣞ㔢䛰䛯䛴ౚ䛴⣺䜘⾔䛩䛥䚯䜄䛥 እ䛴䜿䝇䜻䝫䝷䛭䛵Ⓠ⾪හᐖ䜘⩻䛎 䛰䛒䜏䚮⮤䛴◂✪䜊ᩅ⫩䛱䛪䛊䛬 䛴㆗ㄵ䜘⾔䛩䛥䚯 ༞ᴗ᚜ᑚ⏍ឺ䛴◂✪䛐䜎䛹䛣䜒䛱 䛑䛑䜕䜑ᶭჹ㛜Ⓠ䛴㐅ᤎ≟Ἓ䛴ሒ ࿈䛮䚮ᚃ䛴᪁㔢䜘㆗ㄵ䛝䛥䚯༞ᴗ ᅰቫ䛱ྱ䜄䜒䜑䝙䜭䜽䝙䜥䝃䞀䝀䛵䚮 Ὼ䜊⣰አ⥲䛾䛴⪇ᛮ䛒ᙁ䛕䚮 ᚃ᚜⏍∸➴䛮䛴㛭㏻䜘ㄢ䛿䜑ṹ㝭 ᑚᕖ䚭┷㔓 䛱䛈䜑䚯䜄䛥䚮䜽䜯䞀䝰䝷ኬờ⏐䛴༞ ᴗ䝢䝮䝦䛱䛪䛊䛬䚮ᵋᠺ∸㈹䜊හ㒂 ⎌ሾ䛴≁ᚡ䜘⏍ឺᏕⓏ䛱ㄢ䛿䜑䛥 䜇䚮ᚃ䚮ྜྷ䛞䛕⸬㢦䛴㞗ྙమ䛭䛈 䜑ᮇ⏐㜷ᐨ‘䝢䝮䝦䛮䛴Ẓ㍉◂✪ 䜘㐅䜇䜑䜘☔ヾ䛝䛥䚯 ➠Ⅷ䜘㎼䛎䜑༞ᴗびῼ゛⏤䛴୯ 䛭䛴㝛୕⏍∸◂✪䛴⌟≟䛴⥪ᣋ䜘 ⾔䛊䚮ᚃ䛴ᒈ㛜䜘㆗ㄵ䛝䛥䚯䛙䜒 䜄䛭‘䜘୯ᚨ䛱䛩䛬䛓䛥 㻵㻨㻪㻤㻯゛⏤䛱∸㈹ᚘ⎌◂✪䜘⤄䜅 ᮟ䚭ᬓ ㎰䜅䚮䛣䛴᩺䛥䛰䝙䝰䞀䝤䝳䞀䜳䜘 㝛୕⏍ឺ⣌ධమ䛱ᒈ㛜䛟䜑䛮䛊䛌Ⅷ ゛⏤䛴䚮⣵㒂䛱䜕䛥䜑❟᱄䛴ョ䜇 䜘⾔䛩䛥䚯 ᅗහአ䛭㻨㻯㻩㻒㻹㻯㻩ᖈ㞹ἴびῼ䜘ᐁ ᪃䚮䜄䛥䛵䝋䞀䝃ฌ⌦䝿ゆᯊ䜘⾔䛩 䛬䛊䜑◂✪ᶭ㛭䛴㛭౿⩽䛒㞗䜄 䜐䚮䛣䜒䛤䜒䛴びῼ䛴⌟≟䜊ᑑᮮ゛ ⏤䚮┘ᵾ䛮䛟䜑◂✪ㄚ㢗䛰䛯䜘⣺ 䛝䚮ሒஹᥦ䜘⾔䛌䛮භ䛱䚮ᑑᮮ䛴 භྜྷ◂✪䛴ྊ⬗ᛮ䛱䛪䛊䛬㆗ㄵ䜘 ⾔䛩䛥䚯ཤຊ⩽䛵䚮ᡜහᏼ✭ᅥ◂✪ 䜴䝯䞀䝛䛑䜏䠇ྞ䚮ᡜአ䛑䜏䠉ྞ䚮゛ 㛓ಲ䚭 䠃䠄ྞ䛭䛈䜐䚮ᇱᆀ㞹☚ἴິび ῼ䜻䜽䝊䝤䛴⣺䚮㞶ᨲ㞹䛑䜏䛴䠗䠞 䠘ᖈ㞹☚ἴびῼ䚮ᆀ☚Ẵ⬞ິ䛮㜾ୖ ⢇Ꮔ⬞ິ䚮䠨䠞䠘䚮䠞䠘䚮䠚䠘ᖈ⮤↓㞹 ἴ䛴ᆀ୕びῼ䚮䜷䞀䝭䜽ᨲᑏ䛮䝕䝯 䜿䞀䝊䜧䝷䜴䜮䞀䝱䝭䛱㛭䛟䜑゛⟤ ᶭ䜻䝣䝩䝰䞀䜻䝫䝷⤎ᯕ䚮ኮమ㧏䜬䝑 䝯䜲䞀⌟㇗䛮ᆀ୕㻨㻯㻩㻒㻹㻯㻩びῼ䛰 䛯䛴◂✪Ⓠ⾪䛒⾔䜕䜒䛥䚯 ྙ゛ ― 157 ― 㻘㻒㻐㻔㻗㻘㻐 ཤຊ⩽ᩐ 㻟䟺㻃䟻䛵හᩐ䚮㻋ኬ㻌䠌ኬᏕ㝌⏍䚮㻋አ㻌䠌አᅗெ䟻㻡 ᡜහ 㻟㻋ኬ㻌 㻋አ㻌㻡 ᡜአ 㻟㻋ኬ㻌 㻋አ㻌㻡 ങ⩻ ゛ 㻟㻋ኬ㻌 㻋አ㻌㻡 㻔㻓 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻚 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔㻚 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻕 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔㻗 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔㻙 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻕 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔㻙 㻋㻖㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔㻛 㻋㻖㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻗 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔㻓 㻋㻖㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔㻗 㻋㻖㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻘 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻚 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔㻕 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻘㻘㻔 㻋㻙㻓㻌 㻋㻖㻚㻌 㻚㻘㻖 㻋㻙㻘㻌 㻋㻗㻓㻌 㻕㻓㻕 㻋㻘㻌 㻋㻖㻌 䠅䟻ఌྙ ᢰᙔ⩽ 㻱㼒㻑 㛜ത 㻔 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻗㻒㻙 㻕 㻖 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻗㻒㻔㻜 㻔㻗㻝㻓㻓㻐㻔㻙㻝㻓㻓 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻗㻒㻕㻔 㻔㻗㻝㻓㻓㻐㻔㻚㻝㻔㻘 㻗 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻘㻒㻕㻗 㻘 㻙 㞗ఌྞ 㛜തሔᡜ ᮶ாᾇὊኬᏕ䝿ᅗ❟ᴗ ᆀ◂✪ᡜ㏻ᦘᴏ 㻘㝭ఌ㆗ᐄ ᖲᠺ㻕㻕ᖳᗐᾇ㮒୷༞ ᴗ⯗ᾇ๑ᡬྙ䛡 ᮶ாᾇὊኬᏕ䝿ᅗ❟ᴗᆀ◂✪ᡜ㏻ ᦘ༝ᏽ䛴ୖ䚮ᖲᠺ㻕㻕ᖳᗐ䛱ᐁ᪃䛛 䜒䜑ᾇ㮒୷༞ᴗ⯗ᾇ䛱㛭䛝䛬භ㏳ ⌦ゆ䜘ᅒ䛩䛥䚯 ሒ࿈⩽ ཤຊ⩽ᩐ 䟺ሒ࿈⩽䛮 㻟䟺㻃䟻䛵හᩐ䚮㻋ኬ㻌䠌ኬᏕ㝌⏍䚮㻋አ㻌䠌አᅗெ䟻㻡 ྜྷ䛞ሔྙ ゛ 㻟㻋ኬ㻌 㻋አ㻌㻡 䛵␆䟻 ᡜහ 㻟㻋ኬ㻌 㻋አ㻌㻡 ᡜአ 㻟㻋ኬ㻌 㻋አ㻌㻡 ᑚ㐡ᜇኰ 㻙 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻚 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 ➠Ⅷ༞ᴗびῼ゛⏤䝿ୌ⯙◂✪び ῼ䛮䛝䛬ᐁ᪃䛟䜑ᾇể◂✪びῼ䛴 ≺❟⾔ᨳἪெ 㻘㻕ḗ゛⏤䛴‵ങ䜘㐅䜇䜑䛱ᙔ䛩䛬䚮 ᾇ୕ᢇ⾙Ꮽධ◂ 㛭౿⩽䛒ఌྙ䛝䛬๑ᖳᗐ㻘㻔ḗᐁ⦴ ✪ᡜ 䛮ㄚ㢗䛱䛪䛊䛬⌦ゆ䛟䜑䛮භ䛱䚮 ᖳᗐ䛴∸ဗㄢ㐡䚮ᅗහィ⦆䛴හᐖ 䛮ᏽ䛱㛭䛝䛬ᡬ䛧ྙ䜕䛡䛥䚯 ∭ᑹ㍜ 㻔 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻗 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻘 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 ➠㻘㻕ḗ༞ᴗᾇὊ∸⌦䝿 ᾇểびῼ䛱㛭䛟䜑ᡬྙ ኬῺ◂ 䛡 ➠Ⅷ༞ᴗびῼ゛⏤䝿ୌ⯙◂✪び ῼ䛮䛝䛬ᐁ᪃䛟䜑ᾇὊ∸⌦䛐䜎䛹ᾇ ểฦ㔕㛭㏻䛴㻘㻕ḗびῼ゛⏤䛴‵ങ 䜘㐅䜇䜑䛱ᙔ䛩䛬䚮㛭౿⩽䛒ఌྙ䛝 䛥䚯๑ᖳᗐ㻘㻔ḗ䛴ᐁ᪃ሒ࿈䜈ཤ⩻ 䛱䛝䛬䚮⌟ሔ䛱䛐䛗䜑ཫ᪁䛴゛⏤䛴 ᨥᥴమโ䜊ᅗහィ⦆䚮∸ဗㄢ㐡➴ 䜘ᡬ䛧ྙ䜕䛡䛥䚯 ∭ᑹ㍜ 㻔 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻙 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻚 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻭㻤㻵㻨㻘㻔䛝䜏䛡ᾇὊびῼ ሒ࿈ఌ䝿㻭㻤㻵㻨㻘㻕ᾇὊび 㻖㝭䜿䝣䝎䞀ᐄ ῼ゛⏤᳠ゞఌ 㻭㻤㻵㻨㻘㻔ḗ㝪䛴䛝䜏䛡ᾇὊびῼ㛭౿ ⩽䛮䚮㻭㻤㻵㻨㻘㻕䛱ཤຊᏽ䛴ᾇὊび ῼ㛭౿⩽䛱䜎䜑びῼ⤎ᯕሒ࿈䛮䚮 ᖳᗐ䛴゛⏤䛴᳠ゞ䜘⾔䛩䛥䚯᩺䛝䜏 䛡ิ䛴びῼ䛭䛈䛩䛥䛙䛮䛑䜏䚮ኬᑚ ᵕ䚱䛰ᨭၻⅤ䛒ሒ࿈䛛䜒䚮㛭౿⩽ 䛴භ㏳ヾㆉ䛮䛟䜑䛮භ䛱䚮ᖳᗐ䛴 びῼ䛱ྡྷ䛗䛬䛴゛⏤➿ᏽ䛴㊂䛒䛑 䜐䛮䛰䛩䛥䚯 㣜⏛㧏ኬ 㻛 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻘 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔㻖 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 ∭ᑹ㍜ 㻔 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻘 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻙 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 ᑚᕖὀಘ 㻕 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻕 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻗 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 ᑚᕖὀಘ 㻔 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻖㻜 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻖㻘㻌 㻗㻓 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻖㻘㻌 ∭ᑹ㍜ 㻔 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻕 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻖 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 ➠㻘㻕ḗ༞ᴗᾇểびῼ 䛱㛭䛟䜑ᡬྙ䛡 ༞ᴗびῼ⯢䚸䛝䜏䛡䚹䛴 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻘㻒㻕㻓 ểᾇᇡᛮ⬗ム㥺䛱㛭 䝪䝏䝔䞀䜹䝯㏸ 㻔㻗㻝㻓㻓䌝 㻔㻚㻝㻖㻓 䛟䜑ᡬྙ䛡䟺ᖲᠺ㻕㻕ᖳ ⯢ᮇ♣䚭ఌ㆗ᐄ ᗐ➠㻔ᅂ䟻 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻓㻗㻒㻕㻓 㻔㻖㻝㻓㻓㻐㻕㻓㻝㻓㻓 ᴣこ 㻨㻬㻶㻦㻤㻷㼂㻖㻧ᅗහ䝳䞀䜱 䝷䜴䜴䝯䞀䝛ఌ㆗䟺➠㻘 㻃㻘㝭ఌ㆗ᐄ ᅂ䟻 ᖲᠺ㻕㻔ᖳᗐ䛴➠㻘㻔ḗ⯗ᾇ䛱䛐䛊䛬 ᐁ᪃䛛䜒䛥䚸䛝䜏䛡䚹ểᾇᛮ⬗ム㥺 䛱㛭䛝䛬䚮ム㥺⤊㐛䛮䝋䞀䝃ゆᯊ⌟ Ἓ䜘ሒ࿈䛝䚮ᖲᠺ㻕㻕ᖳᗐ䛴➠㻘㻕ḗ ⯗ᾇ䛭ᏽ䛛䜒䜑ム㥺䛴ᐁ᪃こ㡷 䛱䛪䛊䛬ᡬྙ䛡䛥䚯䝋䞀䝃ゆᯊ䛴⤎ ᯕ䟺㏷ሒ᱄䟻䛮ᚃ䛴ᏽ䜘⌦ゆ䛟 䜑䛮භ䛱䚮ểᾇム㥺䛴ᚃ䛴ཱི⤄䜅 ᪁㔢䜊ᙔ㟻䛴᳠ゞㄚ㢗䚮ᅗහ‵ങ 䛴㐅䜇᪁䛱䛪䛊䛬ណずஹᥦ䛝䛥䚯 㻕㻓㻓㻜ᖳ㻗᭮䛱❟䛧୕䛘䛥 㻨㻬㻶㻦㻤㻷㼂㻖㻧ᅗහ䝳䞀䜱䝷䜴䜴䝯䞀 䝛䛴䝥䝷䝔䞀䛒㞗䜄䜐䚮㻕㻓㻔㻓ᖳᗐ䛴 㻨㻬㻶㻦㻤㻷ᐁ㥺⏞ㄫ䜊ᮮᖳᗐ䛴 㻨㻬㻶㻦㻤㻷ᐁ㥺පຽ䚮㻨㻬㻶㻦㻤㻷㛭㏻䛴 ᚃ䛴ఌ㆗➴䛱㛭䛟䜑ሒ࿈䜊㆗ㄵ 䜘⾔䛩䛥䚯 㻨㻬㻶㻦㻤㻷㼂㻖㻧㻃䛵䚮䝙䜫䞀䜾䝍䜦䝰䜨᪁ ᘟ䛑䛪々ᩐ䛴䝰䞀䝄䞀䜹䜨䝌䛱䜎䜑 ḗୠ䛴㟸ᖱῦᩋ䝰䞀䝄䞀䛮䛝䛬 ゛⏤䛛䜒䚮 㻕㻓㻓㻛ᖳ㻔㻕᭮䛱Ḛᕗ䛴᩺ぜኬぜᶅ◂ ✪᪃シ䛴䛥䜇䛴㻨㻶㻩㻵㻬䝱䞀䝍䝢䝇䝛 䟺㻩㻳㻚㻐㻬㻱㻩㻵㻤㻶㻷㻵㻸㻦㻷㻸㻵㻨㻶䟻䛱ヾ䜇 䜏䜒䛬䛊䜑䚯 䛙䛴㻨㻬㻶㻦㻤㻷㼂㻖㻧䛴䝋䜺䜨䝷䜽䝃䝋䜧 䛴ᢰᙔ⩽䜊㻨㻬㻶㻦㻤㻷⛁Ꮥ䜽䝃䝇䝙䚮 㻨㻬㻶㻦㻤㻷ຊ┍ᅗ䛴䝪䞀䜺䞀䛰䛯⣑ 㻗㻓ྞ䛒ୌྜྷ䛱ఌ䛝䚮㻨㻬㻶㻦㻤㻷㼂㻖㻧゛ ⏤䛴‵ങ㛣䟺㻳㼕㼈㼓㼄㼕㼄㼗㼒㼕㼜㻃㻳㼋㼄㼖㼈䚮 㻕㻓㻔㻓ᖳ⚽䛑䜏㛜ጙ䜘ᏽ䟻䛱ᐁ᪃䛟 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻘㻒㻔㻜 䜽䜪䜫䞀䝋䝷Ꮻᏼ 䜑䛿䛓හᐖ䛱Ⅴ䜘ᙔ䛬䛬䚮 ➠㻕ᅂ㻨㻬㻶㻦㻤㻷㼂㻖㻧 㻔㻖㻝㻓㻓 ∸⌦◂✪ᡜ䟺䜪䝛 㻚 㻨㻬㻶㻦㻤㻷㼂㻖㻧㻃䜘୯ᚨ䛮䛝䛥ᵕ䚱䛰䜹䜨 㻐㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻃㻘㻒㻕㻔 䝪䞀䜺䞀ఌ㆗ 䜹䝭䝿䜽䜪䜫䞀䝋 䜬䝷䜽䛱㛭䛟䜑㆗ㄵ䜘⾔䛩䛥䚯≁ 㻔㻔㻝㻓㻓 䝷䟻 䛱䚮㞹㞫ᅥ㻐☚Ẵᅥ⤎ྙཀྵ䛹ᴗᇡኬ Ẵ୕ୖ㛣⤎ྙ䛰䛯䛴◂✪䜘᥆㐅䛟 䜑䝪䞀䜺䞀䜘ᣉኬ䛟䜑䛥䜇䛴᪁Ἢ䛱 䛪䛊䛬䚮䛛䜏䛱䚮㛭㏻䛟䜑䛴ኬᆵ ◂✪シങ䛴ິྡྷ䜊䛣䜒䜏䛮䛴༝ງ మโ䛱䛪䛊䛬ኣ䛕䛴ណず䛒ஹ䜕䛛䜒 䛥䚯䜄䛥䚮䝙䜧䝷䝭䝷䝍䛒ᨳᗋ䛱ᥞฝ 䛝䛥㻨㻬㻶㻦㻤㻷㼂㻖㻧゛⏤䛱㛭䛟䜑ᴣ⟤ こịහᐖ䛱䛪䛊䛬䜈リ⣵䛱ሒ࿈ཀྵ 䛹ᚃ䛴ᑊᚺ䛒㆗ㄵ䛛䜒䛥䚯䛰䛐䚮 䛙䛴ఌ㆗䛴䜄䛮䜇䜘ୖエ䛴䜪䜫䝚 䝞䞀䜼䛱᥎㍍䛝䛬䛊䜑䚯 㼋㼗㼗㼓㻝㻒㻒㼚㼚㼚㻑㼑㼌㼓㼕㻑㼄㼆㻑㼍㼓㻒㼡㼈㼌㼖㼆㼄㼗㻒㼈㼌㼖㼆㼄 㼗㻖㼇㻒㼌㼑㼗㼕㼒㼇㼘㼆㼗㼌㼒㼑㻑㼋㼗㼐㼏 ᖲᠺ㻕㻕ᖳᗐ䛴➠㻘㻕ḗ⯗ᾇ䛱䛐䛗䜑 䚸䛝䜏䛡䚹ểᾇᛮ⬗ム㥺䛴ᐁ᪃䛮ᅗ ➠㻘㻕ḗ༞ᴗ⾔ິ䛱䛐 ᮶ாኬᏕᕝᏕ㒂㻖 හ‵ങ䛱ྡྷ䛗䛬䚮ᫎᖳ㻘㻔ḗ䛴⤊㐛 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻙㻒㻔㻛 䛗䜑びῼ⯢䚸䛝䜏䛡䚹ể 㻛 ྒ㤃 䜘ㄕ᪺䛝䛥ᚃ䚮ᚃ䛴ཱི⤄䜅䜊ᙔ 㻔㻗㻝㻓㻓䌝 㻔㻘㻝㻔㻘 ᾇᇡᛮ⬗ム㥺䛱㛭䛟䜑 㻕㻔㻜ྒᐄ 㟻䛴᳠ゞㄚ㢗䚮‵ങ䛴㐅䜇᪁䛱䛪 ᡬྙ䛡 䛊䛬ណずஹᥦ䛝䛥䚯 ― 158 ― 㻔㻒㻐㻔㻘㻓㻐 ങ⩻ ᢰᙔ⩽ 㻱㼒㻑 ➠㻘㻕ḗ゛⏤䛴ୌ⯙◂✪びῼ䛮䛝䛬 ᐁ᪃䛟䜑ᾇểびῼ䟺㻤㻳㻙䟻䛴‵ങ䜘 㐅䜇䜑䛱ᙔ䛩䛬䚮ኚ⥪ྙィ⦆⤂ ᚃ䚮ᴗᆀ◂䛭ᡬྙ䜕䛡䛥䚯ᫎᖳ㻘㻔 ḗ䛱䛐䛗䜑ᐁ⦴䜈ཤ⩻䛱䛝䛬䚮びῼ 㝪‵ങ䛮䛝䛬䛴⛸షᴏ䜘䛵䛞䜇䚮 ᾇểびῼ䛴䛥䜇䛴ᅗහィ⦆䚮∸ဗ ㄢ㐡➴䛱䛪䛊䛬ᡬ䛧ྙ䜕䛡䛥䚯 ∭ᑹ㍜ 㻔 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻕 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻖 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 ᾇ㮒୷༞ᴗ⯗ᾇ䛱䛐䛗䜑びῼⅤ䝿 㻭㻤㻵㻨㻐㻘㻕ᾇ㮒୷༞ᴗᾇ ᮶ாᾇὊኬᏕ䠋ྒ びῼ㛣䛴ㄢᩒ୩䛹䛱◂✪ᐄ➴䛴 ◂✪⯗ᾇ䛴ᡬ䛧ྙ䜕䛡 㤃 㒼⨠゛⏤䜘᳠ゞ䛝䛥䚯 ᑚ㐡ᜇኰ 㻕 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻜 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔㻔 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 ᴗᅥ䛱䛐䛗䜑ᾇể◂✪䛱㛭䛝䛬䚮 䛙䜒䜄䛭䛴◂✪⤊㐛䛮䝙䜧䞀䝯䝍 䝳䞀䜳ሒ࿈䚮䛐䜎䛹ᚃ䛴◂✪䛴㐅 䜇᪁䛱䛪䛊䛬ᡬ䛧ྙ䜕䛡䛥䚯 ∭ᑹ㍜ 㻔 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔 㻋㻔㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻕 㻋㻔㻌 㻋㻓㻌 Ꮻᏼ✭㛣䛴䝛䝭䜾䝢ᐠᗐ䜘⾠᫅䛱䜎 䜑├びῼ䜊ᆀ୕☚ሔንິ䛮㻪㻳㻶㻐 ᏼ✭✭㛣䛴䝛䝭䜾䝢ᐠ 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻓㻜㻒㻔㻖㻐 㻔㻕 ᗐ◂✪䛱㛭䛟䜑ᡬ䛧ྙ ᴗᆀ◂㻃㻧㻘㻔㻜ᐄ㻏㻃䝭 㻷㻨㻦䛑䜏᥆ᏽ䛟䜑ᡥἪ䛱䛪䛊䛬䚮リ 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻓㻜㻒㻔㻘 ⣵䛰ṹཱི䜐䜘Ử䜇䜑ᡬྙ䛡䜘⾔䛰䛩 䜕䛡 䛥䚯 ᡧ⏛⪵Ꮔ 㻔 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻕 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻖 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 ➠㻘㻔ḗ㝪䛭ᐁ᪃䛝䛥౿⏻⣌シ⨠ష ᴏ䛱㛭䛝䛬䚮ᅗහ‵ങ䛑䜏⯢୕⏝ᯀ షᴏ䛱⮫䜑ୌ㏻䛴⤊㐛䜘⥪ᣋ䛝䚮 ᚃ䛴◂✪びῼ゛⏤䛱ྡྷ䛗䛥ᨭၻⅤ 䜘ฝ䛝䛥䚯䜄䛥䚮➠㻘㻕ḗ㝪䛭᩺ぜ シ⨠ᏽ䛴౿⏻∸ဗ䜊༞ᴗ䛾䛴㍲ ㏞᪁Ἢ䚮⯢୕షᴏ➴䛱㛭䛝䛬䜈᳠ゞ 䛝䛥䚯 ∭ᑹ㍜ 㻔 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻕 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 ༞ᴗびῼ⯢䚸䛝䜏䛡䚹䛴 䝪䝏䝔䞀䜹䝯㏸ ểᾇᇡᛮ⬗ム㥺䛱㛭 ⯢ 䛟䜑ᡬྙ䛡䟺ᖲᠺ㻕㻕ᖳ ᮇ♣䚭ఌ㆗ᐄ ᗐ➠㻕ᅂ䟻 ᖲᠺ㻕㻔ᖳᗐ䛴➠㻘㻔ḗ⯗ᾇ䛭ᐁ᪃䛛 䜒䛥䚸䛝䜏䛡䚹ểᾇᛮ⬗ム㥺䛱㛭䛝 䛬䚮ム㥺⤊㐛䛮䝋䞀䝃ゆᯊ⤎ᯕ䛒ሒ ࿈䛛䜒䛥䚯ḗ䛱ᖲᠺ㻕㻕ᖳᗐ䛴➠㻘㻕 ḗ⯗ᾇ䛱䛐䛗䜑ム㥺䛴ᐁ᪃こ㡷䚮 ≁䛱ཱིᚋ䝋䞀䝃䛴ඁ㡨䛱䛪䛊䛬 ᡬྙ䛡䛥䚯䝋䞀䝃ゆᯊ⤎ᯕ䛱ᇱ䛫 䛊䛬䚮㻘㻕ḗ゛⏤䛴こⅤ䜘⌦ゆ䛝䛥䚯 䜄䛥䚮䝋䞀䝃㘋⨠䛴ཱི䛊᪁Ἢ 䛴ㄕ᪺䜘ྙ䜕䛡䛬⾔䛰䛩䛥䚯 ∭ᑹ㍜ 㻔 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻙 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻚 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 ༞ᴗኬ㝛Ἒᓃᇡ䛴ᾇ ểንິ◂✪䛮ᑑᮮ䛴ᅗ ᴗᆀ◂㻦㻙㻔㻔ᐄ 㝷භྜྷびῼ䛱㛭䛟䜑ᡬ ྙ䛡 䝮䝩䝈䜭䝿䝟䝯䝤䜘ྱ䜆᮶༞ᴗ䛴ኬ 㝛Ἒᓃᇡ䜘ᑊ㇗䛮䛝䛬䚮⾠᫅䛐䜎䛹 ᆀ୕Ẵ㇗びῼ䝋䞀䝃䜘⏕䛊䛥ᾇể ◂✪䜘ཫ᪁䛭㐅䜇䛬䛊䜑䚯ᾇể䛴ን ິ≁ᛮ䛰䛯᭩㎾䛴ᠺᯕ䛮ᚃ䛴භ ྜྷ◂✪䛱䛪䛊䛬㆗ㄵ䛝䛥䚯䛣䛴୯ 䛭䚮භⴥㄵᩝ䛴ᵋ䜊㻕㻓㻔㻕ᖳ 䛱ᐁ᪃䜘゛⏤䛝䛬䛊䜑ᅗ㝷භྜྷび ῼ䛴‵ങ䛱䛪䛊䛬䜈ណずஹᥦ䛝䛥䚯 ∭ᑹ㍜ 㻔 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻔㻌 㻕 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻔㻌 ᴗᇡびῼ䝋䞀䝃䛴⤣゛ 㻘㝭ఌ㆗ᐄ ゆᯊᡥἪ䛴්᳠ゞ ⼝ྙ◂✪䜻䞀䜾᥀⣬䛴୕エㄚ㢗䛱 䛪䛊䛬䛴➠ୌᅂ䛴ᡬྙ䛡䜘⾔䛩䛥䚯 㛭౿䝥䝷䝔䞀䛒㛭䛟䜑༞ᴗびῼ 䛴䝦䝏䝃䝮䝷䜴びῼ䝋䞀䝃䛴ㄕ᪺䛮 ᚃ䛴⤣゛ฌ⌦䛴᪁Ἢ䜘᳠ゞ䛝䛥䚯 ᖳᗐ୯䛱᩺䛝䛊⤎ᯕ䛒ᑙฝ䛭䛓 䜑䛑䜘䝌䝭䜨䛟䜑䛙䛮䜘Ử䜇䛥䚯 ⏛䚭ㄌ 㻖 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻖 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻙 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 ୌ⯙භྜྷ◂✪䚸⾠᫅ཀྵ 䛹⌟ሔびῼ䝋䞀䝃䛱䜎 䜑༞ᴗ䝮䝩䝈䜭䝿䝟䝯䝤 ᴗᆀ◂㻦㻙㻔㻔ᐄ 䛴ᾇểንິゆᯊ䚹䛱 㛭䛟䜑ᡬྙ䛡 Ꮛ䛴䝋䞀䝃ゆᯊ䛐䜎䛹ㄵᩝᇮ➱ 䛴᪁㔢䚮ᾇểሒ䛮䛝䛬䛴びῼ㝪䛾 䛴⾠᫅䝋䞀䝃ᥞ౩䛴こ㡷䛮ᅗහᨥ ᥴమโ䚮➠㻘㻖ḗ㝪びῼ゛⏤➴䛱㛭 䛝䛬ᡬ䛧ྙ䜕䛡䛥䚯䜄䛥䚮㻕㻖ᖳᗐ௧ 㜾䛴ᮇභྜྷ◂✪䛴㐅䜇᪁䛱䛪䛊䛬 䜈᳠ゞ䛝䛥䚯 ∭ᑹ㍜ 㻔 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻕 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻖㻖 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻜㻓 㻋㻔㻌 㻋㻖㻙㻌 㻔㻕㻖 㻋㻔㻌 㻋㻖㻙㻌 ➠㻘㻕ḗ༞ᴗᾇểびῼ 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻙㻒㻕㻘 䛐䜎䛹ểᾇム㥺䛱㛭䛟 ᴗᆀ◂㻃㻦㻙㻔㻔ᐄ 㻃㻔㻘㻝㻗㻓㻐㻔㻛㻝㻔㻘 䜑ᡬྙ䛡 㻔㻓 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻛㻒㻔㻜 㻔㻖 㻔㻗 㻔㻘 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻛㻒㻔㻔 㻔㻓㻝㻓㻓㻐㻔㻔㻝㻕㻓 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻓㻜㻒㻔㻙 㻜㻝㻖㻓㻐㻔㻗㻝㻖㻓 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻔㻓㻒㻕㻘 㻜㻝㻗㻘䌝 㻔㻕㻝㻕㻓 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻔㻕㻒㻖 㻔㻖㻝㻓㻓㻐㻔㻗㻝㻖㻓 㻔㻙 㻕㻓㻔㻔㻒㻔㻒㻕㻔 㻔㻚 㛜തሔᡜ ཤຊ⩽ᩐ ሒ࿈⩽ 㻔㻔 㞗ఌྞ 䟺ሒ࿈⩽䛮 㻟䟺㻃䟻䛵හᩐ䚮㻋ኬ㻌䠌ኬᏕ㝌⏍䚮㻋አ㻌䠌አᅗெ䟻㻡 ྜྷ䛞ሔྙ ゛ 㻟㻋ኬ㻌 㻋አ㻌㻡 䛵␆䟻 ᡜහ 㻟㻋ኬ㻌 㻋አ㻌㻡 ᡜአ 㻟㻋ኬ㻌 㻋አ㻌㻡 ᴣこ 㻜 㛜ത 㻕㻓㻔㻔㻒㻓㻔㻒㻔㻜 㻔㻖㻝㻖㻓㻐㻔㻗㻝㻗㻘 ᴗᅥ䛴ᾇểびῼ䚮◂ ᴗᆀ◂㻃㻦㻙㻔㻔ᐄ ✪䛱㛭䛟䜑ᡬྙ䛡 ୌ⯙භྜྷ◂✪䚸༞ᴗᾇ 䜨䝷䝍Ὂ䜿䜳䝃䞀䛱䛐䛗 䜑౿⏻びῼ◂✪䚹䛱㛭 䛟䜑ᡬྙ䛡 ᴗᆀ◂㻦㻙㻔㻔ᐄཀྵ 䛹 ᴗᆀびῼᲯషᴏ ሔ ྙ゛ ― 159 ― 㻕㻒㻐㻔㻘㻓㻐 ങ⩻ 䠆䟻ㄧヨఌ䝿ㅦⁿఌ 㻱㼒㻑 㛜ത 㻔 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻚㻒㻔㻙 㻕 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻗㻒㻔㻗 㞗ఌྞ ㆺཾ᪣⏍≁ืㅦⁿ ఌ ᏽౚ◂✪ㄧヨఌ 㛜തሔᡜ ኬఌ㆗ᐄ 䠅㝭䜿䝣䝎䞀ᐄ ᴣこ ሒ࿈⩽ ᾇὊ䛴⎌ሾ䛮ᾇὊ⏍∸䛴⏍ឺᶭ⬗ 䇭 ༞ᴗᾇ䛴≁ᚡ䛵䠑 ᮶⨶Ꮔ䟺ẴỀᅥ䟻䚸䜴䝮䞀䝷䝭䝷 䝍ểᗃᒒ䜷䜦ᤸ๎ 䟺㻱㻨㻨㻰䟻゛⏤䛱䛪䛊䛬䚹 ᢰᙔ⩽䟺ሒ ࿈⩽䛮ྜྷ䛞 ሔྙ䛵␆䟻 Ꮥ⾙ᣲ⮾ ᢰᙔ ཤຊ⩽ᩐ 㻟䟺㻃䟻䛵හᩐ䚮㻋ኬ㻌䠌ኬᏕ㝌⏍䚮㻋አ㻌䠌አᅗெ䟻㻡 ᡜහ 㻟㻋ኬ㻌 㻋አ㻌㻡 ᡜአ 㻟㻋ኬ㻌 㻋አ㻌㻡 ゛ 㻟㻋ኬ㻌 㻋አ㻌㻡 㻗㻖 㻋㻗㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻗㻗 㻋㻗㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㣜⏛㧏ኬ ㄧヨఌ ᖷ 㻖㻓 㻋㻖㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻓 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻖㻓 㻋㻖㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㣜⏛㧏ኬ ㄧヨఌ ᖷ 㻖㻓 㻋㻖㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻓 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻖㻓 㻋㻖㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㣜⏛㧏ኬ ㄧヨఌ ᖷ 㻖㻓 㻋㻖㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻓 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻖㻓 㻋㻖㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㣜⏛㧏ኬ ㄧヨఌ ᖷ 㻖㻓 㻋㻖㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻓 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻖㻓 㻋㻖㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㔘ᑹᨳ⣎䟺ᆀᅥ䟻䚸ᖲᠺ㻕㻔ᖳᗐአᅗ භྜྷびῼ䟺䜦䝥䝮䜯㝪䟻ሒ࿈ 㛓ಲ㻃䟺➠䠇䠂ḗ㉲㝪㛏䟻䚸➠䠇䠂 ḗ༞ᴗᆀᇡびῼ㝪䝿㉲㝪ሒ࿈䚹 㻖 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻘㻒㻔㻕 ᏽౚ◂✪ㄧヨఌ 䠅㝭䜿䝣䝎䞀ᐄ ᮇྚ㻃Ὂୌ䟺➠䠇䠃ḗኚ㝪㛏䟻䚸➠䠇䠃 ḗ༞ᴗᆀᇡびῼ㝪䝿ኚ㝪ሒ࿈䚹 ᅢฦரᙢ䟺⏍∸ᅥ䟻䚸㡉ᅗୠᏺᇱᆀ びῼሒ࿈䠌䝋䞀䝃䝱䜰䞀䜘⏕䛊䛥䝞 䝷䜲䝷䛴㣭⾔ິ䛴ኣḗඔ゛ῼ䚹 㻗 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻙㻒㻕 ᏽౚ◂✪ㄧヨఌ 䠅㝭䜿䝣䝎䞀ᐄ ᮇᒜ⚵᪺䟺ẴỀᅥ䟻 䚸➠㻘㻔ḗ༞ᴗびῼ䝍䞀䝤䛻䛞හ㝛᪉ ⾔ሒ࿈䚹 㻘 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻚㻒㻚 ᏽౚ◂✪ㄧヨఌ 䠅㝭䜿䝣䝎䞀ᐄ 㻃ⱝᶖ䟺ᆀᅥ䟻䚸᭩㎾䛴➠ᄿ⣎⎌ ሾንິ◂✪䛴ິྡྷ䛮㻭㻤㻵㻨㻐㻘㻔ᆀᙟ ㄢᰕ䛴ណ⩇䚹 Ờᑶ┤䟺ᏼ✭ᅥ䟻䚸ᏼ✭ᅥ䛴ක䝮䝦䞀 䝌䜿䝷䜻䝷䜴䚹 㻨㼅㼈㼕㼋㼄㼕㼇㻃㻮㼒㼋㼏㼅㼈㼕㼊༡ኃ 䠅㝭䜿䝣䝎䞀ᐄ ≁ื◂✪ㄧヨఌ 㻷㼕㼄㼌㼑㼌㼑㼊㻃㼄㼑㼇㻃㻨㼇㼘㼆㼄㼗㼌㼒㼑㻃㼒㼉㻃㻺㼌㼑㼗㼈㼕㼌㼑㼊 㻳㼈㼕㼖㼒㼑㼑㼈㼏㻃㻱㼈㼘㼐㼄㼜㼈㼕㻃㻶㼗㼄㼗㼌㼒㼑㻃㻬㻬㻬 㣜⏛㧏ኬ ㄧヨఌ ᖷ 㻖㻓 㻋㻔㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻓 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻖㻓 㻋㻔㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻚 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻜㻒㻛 ᏽౚ◂✪ㄧヨఌ 䠅㝭䜿䝣䝎䞀ᐄ ᾇ⏛༡ྒྷ㻃㻋ᆀᅥ㻌 䚸➠㻘㻔ḗ༞ᴗᆀᇡびῼ㝪䜿䞀䝯䝿䝱 䝷䝄䞀䝑ᒜᆀᆀᏕㄢᰕ㝪㝱▴᥀ᰕ ሒ࿈䚹 හ⏛㞖ᕤ㻃㻋⏍∸ᅥ㻌 䚸㻭㻤㻵㻨㻘㻔ḗኚ㝪㝛୕⏍∸䜴䝯䞀䝛 びῼሒ࿈䚹 㣜⏛㧏ኬ ᰜ├ஒ ㄧヨఌ ᖷ 㻖㻓 㻋㻔㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻓 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻖㻓 㻋㻔㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻛 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻜㻒㻖㻓 ≁ื◂✪ㄧヨఌ 䠅㝭䜿䝣䝎䞀ᐄ ఫ⸠ⷽ䝿ላ㞖ᇱ䝿ෞᕖႌᘧ䝿けᮟ⪌ ྒྷ 䚸༞ᴗᇱᆀኬᆵኬẴ䝰䞀䝄䞀 ゛⏤㻃㻋㻳㻤㻱㻶㻼㻌㻃䛴⌟≟䛮䛙䜒䛑䜏䛴 ᏽ䛱䛪䛊䛬䚹 㣜⏛㧏ኬ ㄧヨఌ ᖷ 㻖㻓 㻋㻔㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻓 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻖㻓 㻋㻔㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻜 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻔㻓㻒㻔㻖 ᏽౚ◂✪ㄧヨఌ 䠅㝭䜿䝣䝎䞀ᐄ 㻦㻑㻐㻼㻑㻃㻶㼋㼈ᩅ㻃㻋䜷䝱䝭䝍ᕗ❟ኬᏕ㻌 䚸㻬㼑㼙㼈㼖㼗㼌㼊㼄㼗㼌㼒㼑㻃㼒㼉㻃㼌㼑㼗㼈㼕㼈㼖㼗㼌㼑㼊 㼓㼋㼈㼑㼒㼐㼈㼑㼄㻃㼚㼌㼗㼋㻃㻱㼄㻃㼏㼌㼇㼄㼕 㼒㼅㼖㼈㼕㼙㼄㼗㼌㼒㼑㼖䚹 㣜⏛㧏ኬ ඔሔူ㑳 ㄧヨఌ ᖷ 㻖㻓 㻋㻔㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻓 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻖㻓 㻋㻔㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔㻓 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻔㻔㻒㻗 ᏽౚ◂✪ㄧヨఌ 䠅㝭䜿䝣䝎䞀ᐄ 㻶㼌㼊㼉㼘㼖㻃㻭㻑㻃㻭㼒㼋㼑㼖㼈㼑ᩅ㻃㻋䜷䝞䝷䝓䞀 䜶䝷ኬᏕ㻌 䚸㻷㼋㼈㻃㻪㼕㼈㼈㼑㼏㼄㼑㼇㻃㼌㼆㼈㻃㼆㼒㼕㼈㼖㻞㻃㼌㼐㼓㼕㼒㼙㼈㼇 㼐㼈㼗㼋㼒㼇㼖㻃㼄㼑㼇㻃㼖㼒㼐㼈㻃㼄㼐㼄㼝㼌㼑㼊㻃㼕㼈㼖㼘㼏㼗㼖䚹 㣜⏛㧏ኬ ᕖᮟ㈴ ㄧヨఌ ᖷ 㻗㻓 㻋㻖㻌 㻋㻔㻌 㻔 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻗㻔 㻋㻖㻌 㻋㻔㻌 㻔㻔 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻔㻔㻒㻜 ≁ื◂✪ㄧヨఌ 䠅㝭䜿䝣䝎䞀ᐄ ῳ㑋◂ኯ㑳 䚸㻕㻓㻔㻓ᖳ༞ᴗ᮪⣑䛱ᇱ䛫䛕ᇱᆀᰕᐳ ሒ࿈䚹 㣜⏛㧏ኬ ㄧヨఌ ᖷ 㻖㻓 㻋㻔㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻓 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻖㻓 㻋㻔㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔㻕 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻔㻕㻒㻔㻗 ᮄᓧ䚭⏝Ꮔ㑳⏍ ≁ืㅦⁿఌ 䠅㝭䜿䝣䝎䞀ᐄ ᮄᓧ䚭⏝Ꮔ㑳 䚸༞ᴗᪿㄊ䜐䚹 Ꮥ⾙ᣲ⮾ ᢰᙔ 㻚㻓 㻋㻗㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔㻕 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻛㻕 㻋㻗㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔㻖 㻕㻓㻔㻔㻒㻕㻒㻕 ᏽౚ◂✪ㄧヨఌ 䠅㝭䜿䝣䝎䞀ᐄ ᑚᕖὀಘ 䚸㻨㻬㻶㻦㻤㻷䝰䞀䝄䞀䜘⏕䛊䛥ᴗᇡ㉰ 㧏ᒒኬẴ◂✪䚹 ඔሔူኰ 㻖㻓 㻋㻔㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻓 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻖㻓 㻋㻔㻌 㻋㻓㻌 䠅㝭䜿䝣䝎䞀ᐄ 㻳㼕㼒㼉㻑㻃㻳㼄㼘㼏㻃㻤㻃㻥㼈㼕㼎㼐㼄㼑㻃㻋㻫㼈㼄㼇㻏㻃㻤㼕㼆㼗㼌㼆 㻲㼆㼈㼄㼑㻃㻪㼈㼒㼓㼒㼏㼌㼗㼌㼆㼖㻃㻳㼕㼒㼊㼕㼄㼐㼐㼈 㻶㻳㻵㻬㻌 ᅗ㝷௺⏤ ῳ㑋◂ኯ㑳 㻅㻥㼄㼏㼄㼑㼆㼌㼑㼊㻃㻱㼄㼗㼌㼒㼑㼄㼏㻃㻬㼑㼗㼈㼕㼈㼖㼗㼖㻃㼄㼑㼇 ᐄ㛏 㻦㼒㼐㼐㼒㼑㻃㻬㼑㼗㼈㼕㼈㼖㼗㼖㻃㼌㼑㻃㼗㼋㼈㻃㻤㼕㼆㼗㼌㼆 㻲㼆㼈㼄㼑㻅 㻔㻓 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻓㻌 㻔 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻔㻌 㻔㻔 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻔㻌 㻗㻙㻖 㻋㻕㻜㻌 㻋㻔㻌 㻔㻘 㻋㻓㻌 㻋㻔㻌 㻙 㻕㻓㻔㻓㻒㻚㻒㻔㻘 㻔㻗 㻕㻓㻓㻚㻒㻖㻒㻕㻗 ᅗ㝷௺⏤᠋ヨఌ ㄧヨఌ ᖷ ྙ゛ ― 160 ― -152- 㻗㻚㻛 㻋㻕㻜㻌 㻋㻕㻌 ങ⩻