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Transcript
Title B-25 Male dispersal of the Taiwanese macaque
Title Author(s) Citation Issue Date URL B-25 Male dispersal of the Taiwanese macaque (Macaca cyclopis) in Ershui area of Taiwan Su, Hsiu-hu; Fok, Hoi Ting 霊長類研究所年報 (2014), 44: 89-89 2014-12-04 http://hdl.handle.net/2433/214201 Right Type Textversion Departmental Bulletin Paper publisher Kyoto University ࡣ GABA-A ཷᐜయࡀ㛵ࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ୍᪉ࠊῐ⌫እ⠇่⃭ࡢሙྜࡣࠊᢚไࡑࢀᘬࡁ⥆ࡃ⯆ዧ ࡀほᐹࡉࢀࡓࠋࡃ㧗㢖ᗘࡢ㐃⥆่⃭࡛ࡣࠊ⯆ዧࡀ┠❧ࡘഴྥ࠶ࡗࡓࠋᢚไࡣ GABA-A ཷᐜయࡀࠊ⯆ዧࡣࢢࣝ ࢱ࣑ࣥ㓟ཷᐜయࡀ㛵ࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺ῐ⌫ෆ⠇ῐ⌫እ⠇࡛ࡣࠊᒁᡤ่⃭ࡋࡓሙྜࡢ ᛂࡀࡁࡃ␗࡞ࡿࡇࡀࢃࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢࡇࡣࠊ୧⪅࠾࠸࡚ GABA సືᛶධຊࢢࣝࢱ࣑ࣥ㓟సືᛶධຊࡢẚ㔜ࡢ 㐪࠸࡞ࠊ⚄⤒ゎ๗Ꮫⓗ࡞ᕪࡼࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺ᛂࡀ㐪࠺ࡇࢆ⏝ࡍࢀࡤࠊῐ⌫ෆ⠇ῐ⌫ እ⠇ࢆᐜ᫆༊ูࡍࡿࡇࡀฟ᮶ࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡾࠊࣄࢺࡢᐃ⬻ᡭ⾡ࡢ㝿ࠊࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺࡢྠᐃ⏝࡛ࡁࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ♧၀ ࡉࢀࡓࠋ A-13 㟋㛗㢮࠾ࡅࡿ✵㛫ⓗ࡞ᑐ㇟㛵ಀࡢ⌮ゎ㛵ࡍࡿẚ㍑◊✲ ᮧ༓ᑑᏊ㸦⋢ᕝ࣭⬻◊㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅: Ọ㞞ᕫ ⏕≀≀యࡢ༊ูࡣࠊ࠶ࡽࡺࡿື≀࠾࠸࡚ᚲ㡲ࡢᇶᮏⓗ࡞▱㆑ࡢࡦࡘ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋࡋࠊࣄࢺ௨እࡢື≀ࡀ⏕≀࣭≀ య㛵ࡋ࡚ࡢࡼ࠺࡞▱㆑ࢆᣢࡘࡘ࠸࡚ࡣᐇ㦂ⓗ◊✲ࡀᑡ࡞࠸ࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊࢽ࣍ࣥࢨ࣭ࣝࢳࣥࣃࣥࢪ࣮ࢆᑐ㇟ࡇ ࢀࡽᑐ㇟ࡢ㐠ື≉ᛶࡢ⌮ゎࡘ࠸࡚ㄪࡓࠋᐇ㦂࡛ࡣࠊ≀యⓗ࡞㐠ືࡋ࡚Ỉᖹ㐠ືࢆࠊ⏕≀ⓗ࡞㐠ືࡋ࡚ࢩࣕࢡࢺࣜ ࡢࡼ࠺࡞≀యࡢఙ⦰ࢆక࠺㐠ືࢆタᐃࡋࠊḟඖࡢᗄఱᏛᅗᙧࡀࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ㐠ື࡛⛣ືࡍࡿࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥࢆసࡗࡓࠋ ≀యࡣࡢ≀యࡽࡢ᥋ゐࡀ࠶ࡿሙྜࡢࡳ㐠ືࡀ㉳ࡇࡾࠊᑐࡋ࡚ࠊ⏕≀ࡣࡢ≀యࡽࡢാࡁࡅࡀ࡞ࡃ࡚ࡶ⮬ᕫ᥎㐍ⓗ ࡞㐠ືࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊඛࡢ≀యⓗ㺃⏕≀ⓗᑐ㇟ࡀࡇࢀࡽࡢ㐠ື࣮ࣝࣝࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚⛣ືࡍࡿ⮬↛㇟ࠊࡲࡓࡣࣝ ࣮ࣝࡋ࡚⛣ືࡍࡿ㐪㇟ࢆ⿕㦂యᥦ♧ࡋࠊྛ㇟ᑐࡍࡿὀどᛂࡢ㐪࠸ࡽࠊ⿕㦂యࡀࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᑐ㇟࠾࠸ ࡚ࡑࡢ㐪ᛶẼ࡙ࡃ࠺ࢆㄪࡓࠋᖺᗘࡲ࡛ࡢ◊✲࡛ࡍ࡛ࠊࢳࣥࣃࣥࢪ࣮࠾࠸࡚ࡑࡢ㐪᳨ฟࡢྍ⬟ᛶࡀ♧ ၀ࡉࢀࠊࡲࡓࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝ࠾࠸࡚ࡶྠᵝࡢྍ⬟ᛶࡀ♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏᖺᗘࡣࡇࡢ⤖ᯝࢆᙉࡵࡿࡓࡵࠊࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝ࠾࠸ ࡚ࡼࡾከᩘࡢ⿕㦂య࡛ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ㞟ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊศᯒࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ A-14 ༸ᛶࡩࡓࡈࢳࣥࣃࣥࢪ࣮ࡢ⾜ືⓎ㐩㛵ࡍࡿẚ㍑ㄆ▱Ⓨ㐩◊✲ Ᏻ⸨ᑑᗣ㸦᠕⩏ሿ࣭ᩥ㸧㸪ᓊᮏ㸦⪷ᚰዪᏊ࣭ᩥ㸧㸪ከࠎⰋᡂ⣖㸪⚟Ᏺᮁ㸪ᒣ⏣ಙᏹ㸪ᑠすඞஓ㸦㧗▱┴❧ࡢ࠸ࡕື ≀බᅬ㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅: Ọ㞞ᕫ 㧗▱┴❧ࡢ࠸ࡕື≀බᅬࡢࢳࣥࣃࣥࢪ࣮࣭ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࡛ࡣࠊ2009 ᖺ 1 ⤌ࡢ༸ᛶࡢ㞤㞝ࡢᏊࡀㄌ⏕ࡋࠊẕぶ࠾ ࡼࡧẕぶ௨እࡢ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮ࡼࡿ㣴⫱ࡀ⌧ᅾࡲ࡛⥅⥆ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋẕぶ௨እࡢ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮ࡀᐇᏊ௨እࡢᏊࢆୡヰࡍࡿᵝᏊࡀࠊ㏻ ᖖࡢࢳࣥࣃࣥࢪ࣮㺃ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࡛ࡣࢇぢࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࡇࡽࠊࢃࢀࢃࢀࡣࢀࡽࡀ࡞ࡐࠊࡢࡼ࠺Ꮚࢆୡヰࡍ ࡿࡢࠊࡲࡓࡑ࠺ࡋࡓࢃࡾࡢ୰࡛Ꮚࡣ♫ᛶࢆࡢࡼ࠺Ⓨ㐩ࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡃࡢࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊࡇࡢᏊࡑࡢ ẕぶࠊ∗ぶࠊ㠀⾑⦕⪅(ࡍ࡚ᡂయࡢ࣓ࢫ) ࡢ 9 ேࢆࡑࢀࡒࢀಶయ㏣㊧ἲ࡛ほᐹࡋࡘ࡙ࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏᖺᗘࡶほᐹࢆ⥅⥆ࡍ ࡿࡶࠊᚓࡽࢀࡓࢹ࣮ࢱࢆゎᯒࡋࠊ11 ᭶ 9 ᪥㺃10 ᪥ࡢ࠸ࡕື≀බᅬ࡛㛤ദࡉࢀࡓ SAGA16 ࠾࠸࡚Ⓨ⾲ࡋࡓࠋ ࢹ࣮ࢱࡢゎᯒࡽࠊẕぶ௨እࡢᡂయ࣓ࢫࡢ୰ࡣࠊ㏻ᖖࠊ㠀⾑⦕ࡢᏊᑐࡋ࡚⾜ࢃ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡞㐠ᦙࡢୡヰ⾜ືࢆᏊࡢ ୍᪉ᑐࡋ⾜࠺⪅ࡀ」ᩘ࠸ࡿࡇࡀศࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊᏊࡢ♫ⓗㄆ▱⬟ຊ㐠ື⬟ຊࡢⓎ㐩క࠸Ꮚ㛫ࠊ࡞ࡽࡧᏊ ே㛫ࡢ┦స⏝ࡶ」㞧࡞ࡶࡢኚࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀほᐹࡼࡾぢ࡚ࢀࡓࠋᏊࡓࡕࡢ⾜ືࡣಶయᕪࡀ᫂☜࡞ࡗ࡚ ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ⌧Ⅼ࡛ࡣࡇࢀࡀᛶᕪ㉳ᅉࡍࡿࡢ࠺࡛᫂࠶ࡿࠋ A-15 ᡂయ⬻⚄⤒᪂⏕ࡢ in vivo ືែゎᯒᢏ⾡ࡢฟ ᳜ᮌᏕಇ㸪ᑿෆᗣ⮧㸪㛫㈡⏣Ὀᐶ㸪ᑠᕝ⨾㤶Ꮚ㸦ᯇ་⛉㸧㸪ᒸᡞᬕ⏕㸦ᮾி㒔་Ꮫ⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤ㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸㧘⏣ᫀᙪ ့ஙື≀ᡂయ⬻⚄⤒᪂⏕ࡢືែࠊࡑࡢศᏊᇶ┙ࡢ◊✲ࡣࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ᑓࡽ࣐࢘ࢫ➼ࡢࡆࡗṑ㢮࡛⾜ࢃࢀࠊࣄࢺࠊ࣐࢝ࢡࢨ ࣝ➼ࡢ㧗➼㟋㛗㢮࡛ࡢᡂయ⬻⚄⤒᪂⏕ࡢ⏕⌮ⓗᙺࠊཬࡧࠊࡑࡢ㞀ᐖࡀ⢭⚄⚄⤒ᝈࡢែ⏕⌮ࡿ⤌ࡳࡣᮍゎ࡛᫂ ࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ࣐࢝ࢡࢨࣝ(ࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࠊ࢝ࢤࢨࣝ)ᡂయ⬻ෆࡢ⚄⤒ᖿ⣽⬊ࢆ PET ࡼࡾ in vivo ࡛⏬ീ ࡋࠊࡑࡢືែែ⬻࡛ࡢ⚄⤒᪂⏕㞀ᐖࢆࠊࣜࣝࢱ࣒࡛ᐃ㔞ⓗゎᯒࡍࡿࡇࢆࡡࡽ࠸ࡋࡓࠋ ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࠊึࡵ⚄⤒ᖿ⣽⬊ࢆ࣏ࢪࢺࣟࣥᨺฟ᰾✀࡛≉␗ⓗᶆ㆑ࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊ⚄⤒ᖿ⣽⬊㑅ᢥⓗ୰ᛶ࣑ࣀ㓟ࢺࣛࣥ ࢫ࣏࣮ࢱ࣮ࠊࡑࡢඹᙺᅉᏊࢆⓎ⌧ࡍࡿࣞࣥࢳ࢘ࣝࢫࡼࡿ㑇ఏᏊⓎ⌧⣔ࢆᵓ⠏ࡋࡓࠋ༶ࡕࠊnestin ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢱ࣮/࢚ࣥ ࣁࣥࢧ࣮ࢆ࢝ࢽࢡࢨࣝ BAC ࣛࣈ࣮ࣛࣜࡽࢡ࣮ࣟࢽࣥࢢࡋࠊࡑࢀࡼࡾ P2A 㓄ิࢆࡋࡓࢺࣛࣥࢫ࣏࣮ࢱ࣮୪ࡧ ඹᙺᅉᏊ㑇ఏᏊࢆⓎ⌧ࡍࡿ࢘ࣝࢫ࣋ࢡࢱ࣮ࡽࠊ࢘ࣝࢫ⢏Ꮚࢆㄪ〇ࡋࡓࠋḟࠊࣄࢺ⚄⤒ᖿ⣽⬊ᰴ࢘ࣝࢫࢆឤᰁ ࡋࠊnestin ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢱ࣮/࢚ࣥࣁࣥࢧ࣮ࡢ⚄⤒ᖿ⣽⬊≉␗ⓗάᛶࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡶࠊᡂ⋇ࣛࢵࢺᾏ㤿ࡢ࢘ࣝࢫឤᰁ ࡼࡾࠊin vivo ࡛⚄⤒ᖿ⣽⬊≉␗ⓗ࡞ EGFP Ⓨ⌧ࢆㄏᑟࡋࡓࠋ (2) ୍⯡ಶே◊✲ B-1 ࣐࢝ࢡࢨࣝ࠾ࡅࡿฟ⏘ᵝᘧ㛵ࡍࡿᙧែᏛⓗ◊✲ ᳃ᮏ┤グ㸦ி㒔࣭⌮㸧㸪Christoph Zollikofer,㸪Marcia Ponce de León㸦ࢫࢫ࣭ࢳ࣮ࣗࣜࢵࣄ࣭ே㢮㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸すᮧ๛ ࣄࢺ࠾ࡅࡿฟ⏘ᵝᘧࡢ㐍㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ࡣࠊ⬻ᶵ⬟㺃Ṍ⾜ᵝᘧ࣭⏕άྐࡀ㛵ࢃࡿከ㠃ⓗ࡞ㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋࡋࠊฟ⏘ 㐍ࡢ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒࠾࠸࡚㘽࡞ࡿ᪂⏕ඣ㦵┙ࡢ▼グ㘓ࡀஈࡋࡃࠊ┤᥋ⓗ࡞᳨ドࡀᴟࡵ࡚ᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊ⌧ ⏕ࡢ㟋㛗㢮ࢆࣔࢹࣝࡋࡓ◊✲ࡀྍḞ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᮏඹྠ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ࣐࢝ࢡ(࢝ࢤࢨࣝ)ࢆࣔࢹࣝࡋࠊฟ⏘࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ 㛵ࡍࡿ⏕యࢹ࣮ࢱࢆྲྀᚓ࣭ゎᯒࡍࡿࡇࢆ┠ⓗࡋࡓࠋ2013 ᖺᗘࡣࠊዷፎ࣭ฟ⏘ᮇࡢẕぶ㸳ಶయ(+⫾ඣ㸳ಶయ)ࢆ CT ീࡋࠊẕぶ⫾ඣࡢ㸱ḟඖࢹ࣮ࢱࢆྲྀᚓࡋࡓࠋ㛫ⓗไ⣙➼ࡼࡾࠊᙜึ┠ᶆࡋ࡚࠸ࡓẕᏊ㸯㸮⤌ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࢆᮇ㛫ෆ 㧙㧙 ᚓࡿࡇࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊ᭱⤊┠ᶆ࡛࠶ࡿẕᏊࡢᙧែⓗ࡞ඹኚ␗㛵ಀࡢ⤫ィⓗ࡞ゎᯒࡣ⮳ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡋࡋࠊ࣐ ࢝ࢡẕᏊࡢヲ⣽࡞㸱ḟඖᙧែࢹ࣮ࢱࡣ㢮ࢆࡳ࡞࠸㈗㔜࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊᚋࡢ◊✲Ⓨᒎࡢᇶ♏࡞ࡿࢹ࣮ࢱࡣᚓࡽࢀࡓࠋ ࡉࡽࠊ㸱⤌㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣྠ୍ಶయ࠾ࡅࡿዷፎ୰ᮇ㺃ᚋᮇࡢᙧែࢹ࣮ࢱࡶྲྀᚓ࡛ࡁࡓࠋᚋࠊࡉࡽࢹ࣮ࢱࢆᐇࡉࡏࠊ ࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱ࣮ෆ࡛ࡢฟ⏘ࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࡸࠊᙧែⓗ࡞ඹኚ␗㛵ಀࡢゎᯒ◊✲ࢆⓎᒎࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡃィ⏬࡛࠶ࡿࠋ B-2 㟋㛗㢮࠾ࡅࡿ᪨ཷᐜయ T1R1/T1R3 ࡢ࣑ࣀ㓟ᛂ⟅ᛶࡢホ౯ ୕ᆏᕦ㸪▼႐ᮁ㸪ᡞ⏣Ᏻ㤶㸦ᮾ㝔࣭㎰⏕⛉㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸ၨ㞝 ᪨ཷᐜయ T1R1/T1R3 ࡣࣄࢺ࣐࢘ࢫ࡛ᛂ⟅ࡍࡿ࣑ࣀ㓟ࡢ✀㢮ࡀ␗࡞ࡿࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊぬཷᐜయⓎ⌧⣽⬊ࢆ⏝࠸ ࡓࡢホ౯ᢏ⾡ࢆ⏝ࡋࠊᵝࠎ࡞ື≀✀ࡢ᪨ཷᐜయࡢ࣑ࣀ㓟ᛂ⟅ᛶࢆㄪᰝࡋࠊ᪨ཷᐜయࡢ࣑ࣀ㓟㓄ิࡢ㐪࠸ ࣑ࣀ㓟ᛂ⟅ᛶࡢ㐪࠸ࢆẚ㍑᳨ウࡍࡿࡇࢆ┠ⓗࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ᖺᗘᵓ⠏ࡋࡓ࣐ࣥࢺࣄࣄ T1R1 ࠾ࡼࡧࣜࢫࢨࣝ T1R1 Ⓨ⌧ࣉࣛࢫ࣑ࢻࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊ⣽⬊ホ౯⣔ࡼࡾ࣑ࣀ㓟ᛂ⟅ᛶࡢホ ౯ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ࣐ࣥࢺࣄࣄ T1R1 ࡀࣄࢺ T1R1 ྠᵝ L-Glu ᑐࡋ㧗ឤᗘ࡛࠶ࡿ୍᪉࡛ࠊࣜࢫࢨࣝ T1R1 ࡣ࣐ ࢘ࢫ T1R1 ྠᵝࠊ㓟ᛶ࣑ࣀ㓟ࡼࡾࡶ L-Ala ࡞ࡢ࣑ࣀ㓟ᑐࡋ㧗ឤᗘ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡀ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ࡲࡓࠊ࣐࢝ࢡᒓࢧࣝ࠾࠸࡚✀㛫࣭ᆅᇦ㛫࡛ TAS1R1 㑇ఏᏊࡢከᆺࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࠊࡇࡢከᆺࡼࡾ࣑ࣀ㓟ឤཷᛶኚ ࡀ⏕ࡌࡿࡇࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊL-Glu ᑐࡍࡿ㜈್ࡀ␗࡞ࡿࡇࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡓ࢝ࢤࢨࣝࣥࢻ⩌୰ᅜ⩌ࢆ⏝࠸ ࡚ࠊ⾜ືᐇ㦂ࢆᐇࡋࡓࠋࡋࡋࠊᅇࡢヨ㦂࡛ࡣ᪨࠸࠺᪂つࡢᑐࡋႴዲ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃᚷ㑊ࢆ♧ࡍಶయࡀ࠸ࡿ࡞ࠊ ணᐃ㏻ࡾࡢホ౯ࡀ⾜࠼࡞ࡗࡓࠋᚋࠊL-Glu ࡢᑐࡍࡿ㥆ᮇ㛫ࢆ༑ศタࡅࡿࡇ࡛㜈್ࡢṇ☜࡞ホ౯ࡀྍ⬟࡞ ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ B-3 㟋㛗㢮ࡢႥぬ࣭ࣇ࢙ࣟࣔࣥཷᐜయࡢከᵝᛶ㐍 ᮾཎᡂ㸦ᮾ࣭㝔࣭㎰Ꮫ⏕⛉Ꮫ㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸ၨ㞝 ឤぬཷᐜయࡣ⏕≀ࡀ⎔ቃ㐺ᛂࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㐍ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓṔྐࡀ้ࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࡞࡛ࡶႥぬ㺃ࣇ࢙ࣟࣔࣥឤぬࡢཷᐜయ ࡣࠊᦤ㣗㺃༴㝤ᚷ㑊࣭⦾Ṫ⾜ືᐦ᥋㛵㐃ࡋࠊ⏕≀⩌ࡋ࡚ࡢ♫ᛶࡶ῝ࡃࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࣄࢺࢆྵࡴ㟋㛗㢮ࠊࡑࢀ௨እࡢ့ங㢮ࡢࢤࣀ࣒ࢹ࣮ࢱࡽࠊ㐍Ꮫⓗ≉Ṧ࡞Ⴅぬཷᐜయ㑇ఏᏊࢆྠᐃࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽ ࡣ့ங㢮ࡗ࡚≉ู࡞ᙺࡀ࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡇࢀࡲ࡛ RT-PCR ࡼࡿⓎ⌧ゎᯒ࡛ࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢႥぬཷᐜయ㑇ఏᏊࡀࠊ ᵝࠎ࡞⮚ჾⓎ⌧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢ▱ぢࢆࡶࠊႥぬཷᐜయࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁ࢆࣇࣜ࢝ࢶ࣓࢚࢞ࣝࡢ༸ẕ⣽⬊ ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࢵࢭ⣔࡛ᵓᡂࡋࠊᏛ≀㉁ᑐࡍࡿᛂ⟅ࢆ ᐃ୰࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊႥぬཷᐜయ㑇ఏᏊࡢⓎ⌧ẚ㍑ゎᯒࢆ⾜࠺ ࡓࡵࠊつᶍࢩ࣮ࢡ࢚ࣥࢧ࣮ࡼࡿ RNA ࢩ࣮ࢡ࢚ࣥࢩࣥࢢࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡲ࡛࢝ࢤࢨࣝࡢࣛࣈ࣮ࣛࣜࡽ ࢩ࣮ࢡ࢚ࣥࢫࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋႥぬཷᐜయ࠾ࡼࡧࡑࡢ㛵㐃㑇ఏᏊࡢⓎ⌧ࣞ࣋ࣝࢆᐃ㔞ⓗẚ㍑ゎᯒࡍࡿࡇ࡛ࠊႥぬཷᐜయ 㑇ఏᏊࡢⓎ⌧ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡀᚓࡽࢀࠊ㛫㍈ࢆຍ࠼ࡓႥぬཷᐜయࣞࣃ࣮ࢺ࣮ࣜࡢゎ᫂ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿ⪃࠼ࡿࠋ B-4 ࢧࣝ⬨㧊ᦆയࣔࢹࣝࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㍈⣴⏕㜼ᐖᅉᏊࡑࡢᢠయࡼࡿ⚄⤒ᅇ㊰ಟ㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ ᒣୗಇⱥ㸪୰ᕝᾈ㸦㜰࣭㝔࣭་㸧㸪Naig Chenais㸦࣮ࣟࢨࣥࢾ㐃㑥ᕤ⛉㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸㧗⏣ᫀᙪ ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࠊ㟋㛗㢮ࣔࢹࣝࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊ㍈⣴⏕㜼ᐖᅉᏊ⬨㧊ᦆയᚋࡢ⚄⤒ᅇ㊰⥙⦅ᡂࡼࡿᶵ⬟ᘓ↔Ⅼࢆ࠶࡚◊ ✲ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ㜼ᐖᅉᏊࡢࡦࡘ࡛࠶ࡿ RGM ࡀ⬨㧊ᦆയᚋᦆയ࿘ᅖ㒊ࡑࡢⓎ⌧㔞ࢆቑຍࡉࡏࡿࡇࢆぢ ฟࡋࡓࠋࡉࡽࠊࡑࡢ㈐௵⣽⬊ࡢࡦࡘ࣑ࢡࣟࢢࣜࢆྠᐃࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ⌧ᅾࡣࠊࡑࡢ RGM ࡢస⏝ࢆ㜼ᐖࡍࡿ ⸆≀ࢆ⏝࠸࡚⬨㧊ᦆയᚋࡢᶵ⬟ᅇ㐣⛬࠾ࡼࡧ⚄⤒ᅇ㊰⥙ᙧᡂࡢ᭷↓ࢆ᳨ドࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢥࣥࢺ࣮ࣟࣝ⩌(⸆≀ᢞ࡞ࡋ) 㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ⮬↛⤒㐣ࡶ࡞࠸⦆ᚎ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡿࡀࠊ㐠ືᶵ⬟ࡢᅇࡀࡳࡽࢀࡓࠋ⬻⓶㉁㐠ື㔝⬨㧊ࢆ┤᥋㐃⤡ࡍࡿ⚄⤒ ㊰࡛࠶ࡿ⓶㉁⬨㧊㊰ࢆ㡰⾜ᛶࢺ࣮ࣞࢧ࣮࡛ࣛ࣋ࣝࡋࡓ⤖ᯝ࡛ࡣࠊ⮬↛ᅇకࡗ࡚⬨㧊ᦆയ㒊ࢆ㉺࠼ࡓ⚄⤒㍈⣴ᯞࡢ୍㒊 ࡀࠊ┤᥋ᣦࡢ➽⫗ࢆไᚚࡍࡿ㐠ືࢽ࣮ࣗࣟࣥ⤖ྜࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀศࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊᡂ⇍ࡋࡓ୰ᯡ⚄⤒࠾࠸࡚ࡶ⚄⤒ ྍረᛶ⬟ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶࢆ♧၀ࡍࡿ▱ぢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ B-5 ࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝ࠾ࡅࡿṑࡢ⤌⧊ᵓ㐀ᡂ㛗 ຍ⸨ᙲᏊ㸦ឡ▱Ꮫ㝔࣭ṑཱྀ࣭⭍ゎ๗㸧㸪Tanya Smith㸦Harvard Univ. Human Evolutionary Biology࣭Dental Hard Tissue Lab㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸ᖹ㷂㗦▮ ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ᡃࠎࡣࠊࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࢆྵࡴ 6 ✀㢮ࡢ࣐࢝ࢡࡢṑෙ࢚ࢼ࣓ࣝ㉁ࡢཌࡳࡘ࠸࡚ X ⥺ CT ⏬ീゎᯒࡼࡾㄪᰝࢆ ࠾ࡇ࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊᖹᆒⓗ࢚ࢼ࣓ࣝ㉁ࡢཌࡳ(AET)┦ᑐⓗ࢚ࢼ࣓ࣝ㉁ࡢཌࡳ(RET)ࡣ✀㛫࡛᭷ព࡞ᕪࡀㄆࡵࡽ ࢀࠊ≉࢝ࢽࢡࢨࣝࣈࢱ࢜ࢨ࡛ࣝࡣ AET ࡀపࡃࠊࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࣂ࣮ࣂ࣮࣐ࣜ࢝ࢡ࡛ࡣ AET ࡀ㧗࠸⤖ᯝ࡞ࡗࡓࠋୖ ୗ㢡ࡶ➨୍⮻ṑࡢ AET ࡣྛ࣐࢝ࢡࡢ⏕ᜥ⠊ᅖࢆ௦⾲ࡍࡿ⦋ᗘࡢ㛫᭷ព࡞ṇࡢ┦㛵㛵ಀࡀぢࡽࢀࡓ(p<0.001)ࠋ RET ࡢẚ㍑࡛ࡣ AET ࡛ぢࡽࢀࡓ⤖ᯝࡣ␗࡞ࡿ✀㛫ᕪࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊRET ࡣ࣋ࢽ࢞࢜ࢨ࡛ࣝ┦ᑐⓗᑠࡉࡃࠊ ࢝ࢽࢡࢨ࡛ࣝ┦ᑐⓗࡁ࡞ཌࡳ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢ RET ࡣ 6 ✀ࡢ୰࡛ࡣ᭱ࡶࡁ࡞ཌࡳࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓࠋࡇࢀ ࡽࡢ⤖ᯝ⏕ᜥ⎔ቃ࠾ࡼࡧ㣗ᛶࡢ㛵ಀࡘ࠸࡚ඛ⾜◊✲ࢆᇶ⪃ᐹࡋࠊAJPA(American Journal of Physical Anthropology) ⌧ᅾᢞ✏୰࡛࠶ࡿࠋᚋࡣࠊ⮻ṑࡢṑෙ࢚ࢼ࣓ࣝ㉁ㄆࡵࡽࢀࡿᡂ㛗⥺ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ṑࡢᙧᡂ㏿ᗘ㣗ᛶࡢ㛵ಀࢆㄪᰝ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃணᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ B-6 ప㓟⣲࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ㓟⣲ࡀࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝ⾑⟶ᶵ⬟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪 ⏣ṇᚿ㸦㈡་࣭⸆⌮Ꮫ㸧㸪ᒸᮧᐩኵ㸦㈡་࣭⸆⌮Ꮫ㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸▼㧗⏕ cGMP ⏘⏕㓝⣲࡛࠶ࡿྍ⁐ᛶࢢࢽࣝ㓟ࢩࢡ࣮ࣛࢮ(sGC)ࡣࠊ୍㓟❅⣲(NO)ࡼࡗ࡚άᛶࡉࢀࡿ㑏ඖᆺ(reduced 㧙㧙 sGC)ࡉࢀ࡞࠸㓟ᆺ(oxidized sGC)ࠊ࣒࣊Ḟኻᆺ(heme-free sGC)ࡢ 3 ✀㢮ࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿࠋ㏆ᖺࡇࢀࡽࡢ sGC ࢆᶆⓗࡍࡿ ✀ࠎࡢ⸆≀ࡀ㛤Ⓨࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊsGC stimulator ࡣ reduced sGC ࢆࠊsGC activator ࡣ oxidized ࠾ࡼࡧ heme-free sGC ࢆࡑࢀࡒ ࢀ NO 㠀౫Ꮡⓗάᛶࡍࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢ୧⸆≀ࡣ sGC ࡢࣞࢻࢵࢡࢫ≧ែࢆㄪࡿࢶ࣮ࣝࡋ࡚ࡶά⏝ࡉࢀ ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ๓ᖺᗘࡲ࡛ࡢ◊✲࡛ࠊࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝෙື⬦ࢆప㓟⣲࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ㓟⣲᭚㟢ࡍࡿࠊsGC stimulator ࡼࡿᘱ⦆ᛂࡣῶᙅ ࡋࠊsGC activator ࡼࡿᛂࡣቑᙉࡍࡿࡇࢆ᫂ࡽࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࠋᖺᗘࡣࠊప㓟⣲࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ㓟⣲᭚㟢ୗ࡛ࡢ sGC stimulator ࠾ࡼࡧ sGC activator ࡼࡿ cGMP ⏘⏕ࢆฟࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝෙື⬦࠾࠸࡚☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ⾑⟶ᛂᛶ┦ 㛵ࡋ࡚ࠊప㓟⣲࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ㓟⣲᭚㟢ࡼࡾ sGC stimulator ࡼࡿ cGMP ⏘⏕ࡣῶᑡࡋࠊsGC activator ࡼࡿ⏘⏕ࡣቑࡋ ࡓࠋ௨ୖࡢ⤖ᯝࡣࠊప㓟⣲࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ㓟⣲᭚㟢ࡉࢀࡓෙື⬦࡛ࡣࠊⓎ⌧ sGC ࡢࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࡀ reduced sGC ࡽ oxidized/heme-free sGC ⛣⾜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ B-7 Molecular characterization of HERV-R family in primates Heui-Soo-Kim㸪Ja-Rang-Lee㸪 Jung-Woo-Eo㸦Pusan National University㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸ၨ㞝 Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs), which are footprints of ancient germ line infections, inserted into the genome early in primate evolution. Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) occupy around 8% of the human genome. Although most HERV genes are defective with large deletions, stop codons, and frameshifts in the open reading frames (ORFs), some of full-length sequences containing long ORFs are expressed in several tissues and cancers. Several envelope glycoproteins, encoded by env genes, have retained some characters of their ancestral infectious viruses with essential physiological consequences for the organs where they are expressed. Previous studies have shown Env expression of HERVs at mRNA level rather than the more difficult detection of protein expression in cells and tissues. Whether Env is functionally conserved in primate species is not well explored. To better understand possible role of Env in primates, here, we examined the expression of four HERVs (HERV-R, -K, -W, and -FRD) Env proteins in various tissues of rhesus monkey and common marmosets. The HERV Env proteins were observed moderate to high levels in each tissue, showing tissue-specific or species-specific expression patterns. These data suggest a biologically important role for the retroviral proteins in a variety of the healthy tissues of rhesus monkey and common marmosets. B-8 ࢧࣝ⬨㧊⏤᮶㛫㉁⣔ᖿ⣽⬊ࡢᇵ㣴ࡑࡢ⛣᳜ࡼࡿࣛࢵࢺ⬨㧊ᦆയಟຠᯝࡢ᳨ウ ྂᕝᰤ㸪⚟ග⚽ᩥ㸪᐀ᐑோ⨾㸦ᒱ㜧⸆࣭ศᏊ⏕≀㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸▼㧗⏕ ࣛࢵࢺ⬨㧊ᦆയ㒊 FGF-2 ࢆὀධࡍࡿ⬨㧊ᅛ᭷ࡢ㛫ⴥ⣔⣽⬊ (FGF-2-ㄏᑟᛶࣇࣈࣟࢿࢡࢳࣥ㝧ᛶ⣽⬊:FIF) ࡀ ቑṪࡋ㐠ືᶵ⬟ࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡿࠋཪࠊᇵ㣴ୗ࡛ቑṪࡉࡏࡓ FIF ⣽⬊ࡢ⛣᳜ࡼࡗ࡚ࡶྠ➼ࡢຠᯝࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊࡶ ࡋࢧࣝࡢ⬨㧊 FIF ᵝ⣽⬊ࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿ࡞ࡽࡤࡑࢀࢆᇵ㣴ࡋࠊࣛࢵࢺ⬨㧊ᦆയࣔࢹࣝ⛣᳜ࡋ࡚㐠ືᶵ⬟ཬࡰࡍຠᯝࢆホ ౯ࡋࡓࠋࣛࢵࢺ⬨㧊ࡽࡢ FIF ⣽⬊ᇵ㣴ἲ‽ࡌࡓ᪉ἲ࡛ᚓࡓࢧࣝࡢ⣽⬊ࡣࠊࣛࢵࢺ FIF ⣽⬊ẚ㍑ࡍࡿࠊ1)ᙧែ࡛ࡣ ༊ู࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠊ2)ࡸࡸቑṪᛶࡀప࠸ࠊ3)FGF-2 ᛂ⟅ࡋ࡚ቑṪࡍࡿࠊ࡞ࠊࣛࢵࢺ FIF 㢮ఝࡍࡿ⣽⬊ࢆᚓࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁ ࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊᇵ㣴ୗ࡛ቑࡸࡋࡓࢧࣝ FIF ᵝ⣽⬊ࢆࠊ⬨㧊ᦆയ(ษ᩿)ࣛࢵࢺࡢᦆയ㒊⛣᳜(චᢚไࡶᢞ)ࡋࠊ7 㐌㛫ࢃࡓࡾ㐠ືᶵ⬟ࢆホ౯ࡋࡓࠋ⛣᳜⩌࡛ࡣ 5 ༉୰ 3 ༉㐠ືᶵ⬟ࡢᨵၿࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓࡀࠊ㠀⛣᳜⩌࡛ࡶ 5 ༉୰㸯༉ ᨵၿࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓࡇࡽࠊ୧⩌㛫ࡢ⤫ィᏛⓗ࡞᭷ពᕪࡣᚓࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ⤖ㄽࡋ࡚ࠊࣛࢵࢺ FIF ⣽⬊άᛶࡣ㢧ⴭ ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡀࠊࢧࣝࡢ⬨㧊ࡶ FGF-2 ᛂ⟅ࡋ࡚ቑṪࡋࠊ⬨㧊ᦆയಟᶵ⬟ࢆࡶࡘࣛࢵࢺ FIF ⣽⬊ᵝࡢ⣽⬊ࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿࡶ ࡢ᥎ᐃࡉࢀࡓࠋ B-9 ᑿࡢᶵ⬟╔┠ࡋࡓᪧୡ⏺ࢨࣝ㦵ࡢᙧែᏛⓗศᯒ ᮾᓥἋᘺె 㸦ி㒔࣭㝔࣭⌮) ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸℈⏣✨ 㟋㛗㢮࠾ࡅࡿ㢧ⴭ࡞ᑿࡢᙧែኚ␗ࡣ⣔⤫㐍㐺ᛂ㛵ࢃࡿ㔜せ࡞ᣦᶆ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⌧⏕✀࠾ࡅࡿᑿ㒊㦵᱁ᙧែኚ␗ ࡢከᵝᛶࡑࡢせᅉゎ᫂ࡣࠊᑿࡢᙧែ࣭ᶵ⬟ࡢゎ᫂᭷⏝࡛࠶ࡾࠊ㟋㛗㢮ࡢ㐍㐣⛬ඖᚲせྍḞ࡞▱ぢࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿࠋ ๓ᅇࡢඹྠ⏝◊✲࠾࠸࡚➹⪅ࡣࠊᑿ㛗ࡢ␗࡞ࡿ⊃㰯⊷✀࠾࠸࡚୕ḟඖⓗᗄఱᏛⓗᙧែศᯒࢆᐇࠊ㦵ṇ୰▮≧㠃 ᙧែࡀᑿ㛗ࢆࡼࡃᫎࡍࡿࡇࢆ᫂ࡽࡋࡓࠋࡋࡋྠࠊ࣐࢝ࢡ㢮ࣄࣄ㢮࡛ᙧែࡀ᫂░␗࡞ࡿ࡞ᑿ㛗௨እࡢ せᅉࡶ㦵ᙧែኚ␗ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍྍ⬟ᛶࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊィ ⠊ᅖࢆࠊṇ୰▮≧㠃ࡢࡳ࡛࡞ࡃ㦵య ᗈࡆࠊ㦵ᙧែᑿࡢᶵ⬟ࠊᙧែࡢ㛵㐃ࢆᗈࡃศᯒࡋࡓࠋ㟋㛗㢮◊✲ᡤᡤⶶࡢ⊃㰯⊷✀ࠊཎ⊷✀ᡂ⇍ಶయ(ṑิ ⴌฟ௨ᚋ)ࡢ㦵ྑഃ㸲㸵Ⅼࡢࣛࣥࢻ࣐࣮ࢡࢆタࡅᗙᶆࢆ୕ḟඖィ ࡋࠊᚓࡓᗙᶆࢆ୍⯡ࣉࣟࢡࣛࢫࢸࢫἲࡼࡾ ᇶ‽ᚋࠊCVA(ṇ‽ኚ㔞ศᯒ)ࢆᐇࡋࡓࠋ⤖ᯝࠊᗈࡃᪧୡ⏺ࢨࣝ㢮࠾࠸࡚㦵ᑿഃ(᭱⤊᳝)ᙧែࡀᑿ㛗ࢆᙉࡃᫎ ࡍࡿࡇࠊࡲࡓࠊ㦵㢌ഃࡢᙧែࡣࠊ⣔⤫ࡢ㐪࠸ࡸᆅୖ⎔ቃ⏝㢖ᗘ࡞ᑿ㛗௨እࡢせᅉࢆᫎࡋ࡚ኚ␗ࡍࡿࡇࡀ᫂ࡽ ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ B-10 ࢳࣥࣃࣥࢪ࣮㢌ࡢẚ㍑ゎ๗Ꮫ̿ஙᵝ✺㉳㒊ࡢᙧែࢆ୰ᚰ̿ 㛗ᒸ᭸ே㸦⪷࣐ࣜࣥࢼ་⛉࣭་㸧㸪▮㔝⯟㸦ᮅ᪥࣭ṑ㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸すᮧ๛ ๓ᖺᗘࡢඹྠ⏝◊✲ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ⬚㙐ங✺➽ࡣࣄࢺ࡛ࡣ㸯ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࢳࣥࣃࣥࢪ࣮࡛ࡣ 4 ࡘศࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ M.cleidooccipitalࠊM.sternooccipitalࠊM.cleidomastoidࠊM.sternomastoid ࡼࡾᵓᡂࡉࢀࡿࡇࠊࣄࢺࡣḞࡃ M.omocervicalis ࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿࡇࡀ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊࢳࣥࣃࣥࢪ࣮㢌ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊஙᵝ✺㉳㒊ࡢ➽ࡢ㉳ጞ㺃Ṇ㺃ᨭ㓄⚄⤒ࢆヲ ⣽グ㍕ࡋࠊஙᵝ✺㉳㒊ࡢ➽ࡢ⚄⤒ᨭ㓄ࡢゎ᫂ࢆ㐍ࡵࡓࠋ 㦵ᙧែ࡛ࡣⱝ㱋ಶయ࡛ࡣᖹᯈࡔࡗࡓஙᵝ✺㉳ࡔࡀࠊᖺ㱋ࡀ㐍ࡴᙧែࡀฝ≧ኚࡋࠊ⨨ࡶእ⪥㐨ࢆそ࠺ࡼ࠺๓ୗ ᪉ᣑࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ➽ࡢ㓄⨨࡛ࡣ㢡⭡➽ᚋ⭡ὀ┠ࡋࡓࡇࢁࠊほᐹࡋࡓ 2 యࡶஙᵝ✺㉳ඛ➃㉳ጞࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊஙᵝ ✺㉳ᙧែࡢⓎ㐩ኚ᭱ࡶ┦㛵ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣྠ➽ࡢ㓄⨨࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ⬚㙐ங✺➽ࡢྛ⭡㢌ᯈ≧➽ࡣஙᵝ✺㉳ࡢእഃ㒊㉳ 㧙㧙 ጞࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊⱼ✺⯉㦵➽㢌㛗➽ࠊୖ㢌ᩳ➽ࡣᚋ᪉㉳ጞࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋஙᵝ✺㉳╔ࡍࡿࡢࡣ➨௨㝆ࡢ㪰ᘪࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣయ ⠇⏤᮶ࡢ➽⩌࡛࠶ࡾࠊ➨୍㪰Ꮝ࡛࠶ࡿእ⪥㐨ࡼࡾᚋࢁ⨨ࡍࡿࠋࡑࡢⓎ⏕Ꮫⓗไ⣙ୗ࡛๓㢕㒊ࡢⓎ㐩ኚࡸ⣔⤫㐍 ᑐᛂࡍࡿⅭࡢ➽╔㒊ࡢ␗ᡤⓗኚࡋ࡚ࠊஙᵝ✺㉳ࡢᙧែࢆᤊ࠼࠺ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋ ஙᵝ✺㉳㒊ࡢᨭ㓄⚄⤒ࢆㄪᰝࡋࡓࡇࢁࠊ⚄⤒ࡣࠊM.cleidomastoid M.cleidooccipital ࡢ㛫ࡽฟ࡚ࠊM.omocervicalis ࡢᚋ⦕ἢࡗ࡚ୗ㝆ࡋࠊ」ᩘࡢศᯞࡣ࠸ࡎࢀࡶൔᖗ➽ࡢ῝ᒙศᕸࡋࡓࠋḟ㢁⚄⤒ࡣࠊM.cleidooccipital ࡢᚋ᪉ࡽฟ ࡚ࠊM.cleidomastoid/occipital M.sternomatoid/occipital ࡢ⾲ᒙࢆୖ๓᪉ྥ࠸๓㢁㒊ࡢ⓶ศᕸࡍࡿ㢁ᶓ⚄⤒ࠊ⬚㒊 ࡽ⫪ࡢᗈ࠸⠊ᅖࡢ⓶ศᕸࡍࡿ㙐㦵ୖ⚄⤒ࠊࡑࡋ࡚ M.cleidomastoid ࡢ῝ᒙධࡾ㎸ࢇ࡛ศᕸࡍࡿᯞࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓࠋ ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊM.cleidooccipital ࡢᨭ㓄⚄⤒ࡣ⚄⤒㢁⚄⤒࡛࠶ࡿࡇࠊM.omocervicalis ࡢᨭ㓄⚄⤒ࡣ⚄⤒ࡶࡋࡃࡣ㢁⚄ ⤒࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋ B-11DNA analysis of wild rhesus macaques in Southern China Peng Zhang,㸪Yang Liu㸪Xunxiang Xia㸦Sun Yat-sen University㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸ၨ㞝 Abstract Knowledge of intraspecific variation is important to test the evolutionary basis of covariation in primate social systems, yet few reports have focused on it, even in the best-studied species of the Macaca genus. We conducted a comparative study of the dominance styles among three provisioned, free-ranging groups of Japanese macaques at Shodoshima Island, Takasakiyama Mountain and Shiga Heights, and collected standard data on aggressive and affiliative behavior during a period of 5 years. Our data in the Takasakiyama and Shiga groups support previous studies showing that Japanese macaques typically have despotic social relations; nevertheless, our data in the Shodoshima group are inconsistent with the norm. The social traits of Shodoshima monkeys suggested that: (1) their dominance style is neither despotic nor tolerant but is intermediate between the two traits; (2) some measures of dominance style, e.g., frequency and duration of social interactions, covary as a set of tolerant traits in Shodoshima monkeys. This study suggests broad intraspecific variation of dominance style in Japanese macaques as can be seen in some other primate species. B-12 ့ங㢮ࡢ⫪⏥㦵ࡢᮦᩱຊᏛⓗ≉ᚩ࠾ࡼࡧ⫪ᖏ࿘㎶➽ࡢ⛣ື㐠ືࡢ㛵ಀ ⏣┤ᕫ㸦ᒣཱྀ࣭ඹྠ⋇་㸧㸪⸨⏣ᚿṌ㸦㮵ඣᓥ㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸すᮧ๛ 2012, 2013 ᖺ࡛ᐇࡋࡓ⫪⏥㦵⛣ື㐠ື㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ࡼࡾ⫪⏥㦵ࡢᙧែ⣔⤫ࠊ⏕ᜥᇦࠊࡑࡋ࡚⛣ື㐠ືࡢ㛵ಀ ࢆ♧ࡍࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ ࢰ࢘ࠊࢧࠊ࡞ࡢᆺື≀ࢆ㝖࠸࡚ࠊṚయࡢ㹁㹒ᙳࡼࡾ 3 ḟඖᵓ⠏ࡉࢀࡓ⫪⏥㦵࠾࠸࡚እᙧࠊ᩿㠃ࡢィ ࢆ⾜ ࡗࡓࠋㄪᰝࡋࡓື≀✀ࡣࠊ㟋㛗㢮 42 ✀ࠊ㣗⫗㢮 38 ✀, ᭷㋟㢮 41 ✀ࠊࡆࡗṑ㢮ࠊ28 ✀ࠊ᭷⿄㢮ࠊ21 ✀ࠊࡑࡢ 39 ✀ࠊ ⫪⏥㦵ᩘࡣ 430 ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ィ ್㡯┠ࡣ 21 ࡛࠶ࡿࠋィ ᐇ ್ࡣࠊ⫪ᓠࠊ㕍≧✺㉳ࠊⅲཱྀ✺㉳ࢆ㝖࠸࡚ࡍ࡚ࡢື≀✀࡛య㔜ᙉ࠸┦㛵ࢆ♧ࡋ ࡓࠋࡋࡋࠊయ㔜ィ ್ࡢ㛵ಀࡣື≀✀ࡼࡗ࡚␗࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ᙧ≧ࠊࡘࡲࡾẚࡘ࠸࡚ࡣື≀✀ࡢ┦㛵ࡀࡳࡽࢀࡓࡀࠊࡑࡢࡤࡽࡘࡁࡣᐇ ್ẚ࡚࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ⏕ᜥᆅࢆᫎࡍ ࡿࣟࢥ࣮ࣔࢩࣙࣥࡢ㛵ಀࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࠋ B-13 㡢ኌࡼࡿࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝಶయ⩌ࡢࣔࢽࢱࣜࣥࢢᡭἲࡢᐇ⏝ヨ㦂 Ụᡂᗈᩯ㸦ᒣᙧ࣭㎰㸧㸪Ụᡂࡣࡿ㸦Ᏹ㒔ᐑ࣭㎰㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸༙㇂࿃㑻 ࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢಶయ⩌⟶⌮㈨ࡍࡿࡇࢆ┠ⓗࠊ㡢ኌグ㘓ἲࢆ⏝ࡋࡓᮏ✀ࡢಶయ⩌ࣔࢽࢱࣜࣥࢢᡭἲࡢ㛤Ⓨࢆ୍ᖺ ᗘࡽ╔ᡭࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᙜヱᖺᗘ࠾࠸࡚ࠊࡑࡢᐇ⏝ヨ㦂ࢆⓑ⚄ᒣᆅᮾ㒊࠾࠸࡚ 6 ᭶ 9 ᭶ࡢ 2 ᅇᐇࡋࡓࠋࡑࢀࡒࢀ ࡢᏘ⠇ࠊ7 ᡤࡢࣔࢽࢱࣜࣥࢢࢧࢺࢆ⏝ពࡋࠊ㡢ኌグ㘓⨨(Song Meter SM2+)1 ྎࠊ⢭ᗘ᳨ドࢆ┠ⓗࡋࡓࢭࣥࢧ ࣮࣓࢝ࣛ(Reconyx HC600)3 ྎࢆࡑࢀࡒࢀタ⨨ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢ⩌ࢀࡢ᳨ฟ㢖ᗘࡣࠊ୧ᡭἲ㛫࡛ྠ➼ࠊࡶࡋ ࡃࡣ㡢ኌグ㘓ἲࡀୖᅇࡿࢣ࣮ࢫࡶ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࠋ6 ᭶ࡢᐇ㦂࡛ࡣࠊ࢚ࢰࣁࣝࢮ࣑ࡼࡿ⎔ቃ㞧㡢(⣙ 3,000Hz)ࡼࡿ᳨ฟຊࡢ పୗࡀᙜึᠱᛕࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊ࿘Ἴᩘࡀ␗࡞ࡿࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢࢡ࣮ࢥ࣮ࣝ(1,000Hz ௨ୗ)࡛࠶ࢀࡤ᳨ฟࡣྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ㡢 ኌグ㘓ἲ࡛ᚓࡽࢀࡓࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢⓎኌ㡢ࡣࠊணࡵタᐃࡋࡓ㡢ኌุูᅉᏊ(recognizer)ࡼࡗ࡚⮬ື᳨ฟ࡛ࡁࡿࡓࡵࠊㄪᰝ⪅ ࡢ┠ࡼࡗ࡚ࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢᙳ⏬ീࢆ≉ᐃࡍࡿᚲせࡢ࠶ࡿࢭࣥࢧ࣮࣓࢝ࣛẚ࡚ࠊㄪᰝ⪅㛫ࣂࢫࢆపῶࡉࡏࡿࡇ ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊ㡢ኌุูᅉᏊࡢ⢭ᗘࡣᏘ⠇ࡸ࿘㎶ࡢ⎔ቃ᮲௳ࡼࡗ࡚ኚືࡍࡿࡇࡶ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࠊ ᚋࡶ␗࡞ࡿ᮲௳࡛ᐇ⏝ྥࡅࡓヨ㦂ࢆ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡍᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ B-14 㟋㛗㢮ࡢගឤぬࢩࢫࢸ࣒㛵ࢃࡿࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁ࡢゎᯒ ᑠᓥ㍜㸪᳃༟,㫽ᒃ㞞ᶞ㸦ᮾி࣭㝔⌮࣭⏕≀Ꮫ㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸ၨ㞝 ⬨᳝ື≀࠾࠸࡚ࠊど≀㉁ࡣఝ࡚㠀࡞ࡿගཷᐜ⺮ⓑ㉁(㠀どぬᆺ࢜ࣉࢩࣥ)ࡀᩘከࡃྠᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⚾ඹࡣ᭱㏆ࠊ㠀 どぬᆺ࢜ࣉࢩࣥࡢ୍ࡘ OPN5 ࡀ࣐࢘ࢫࡢ⥙⭷㧗ḟࢽ࣮ࣗࣟࣥࡸ⥙⭷እ⤌⧊(⬻ࡸእ⪥)Ⓨ⌧ࡍࡿࡇࠊࡉࡽ࣐࢘ࢫࡸࣄ ࢺࡢ OPN5 ࡀ UV ឤཷᛶࡢගཷᐜ⺮ⓑ㉁࡛࠶ࡿࡇࢆぢฟࡋࡓ [Kojima et al. (2011) PLoS ONE, 6, e26388]ࠋ ࡇࡢࡇࡽࠊ ᚑ᮶ UV ගཷᐜ⬟ࡀ࡞࠸ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ㟋㛗㢮ࡶࠊUV ឤཷᛶࡢගࢩࢢࢼࣝ⤒㊰ࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿࡇࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛ᮏ ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊOPN5 ࢆࡋࡓගཷᐜࡀ㟋㛗㢮࠾࠸࡚ࡢࡼ࠺࡞⏕⌮ⓗᙺࢆᢸ࠺ࡢࢆ᥎ᐃࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊ㟋㛗㢮࠾ࡅࡿ OPN5 ࡢⓎ⌧ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࢆゎᯒࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏᖺᗘࡣࠊࡋ࡚ࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢྛ⤌⧊(║⌫࣭እ⪥࡞)ࡼࡾㄪ〇ࡋࡓ cDNA ヨ ᩱࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊOPN5 㑇ఏᏊⓎ⌧ࡢヲ⣽࡞ゎᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࡇࢁࠊ့ங㢮௨እࡢ OPN5 㑇ఏᏊࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞࠸࢚ࢡࢯࣥࡀᏑᅾ ࡍࡿࡇࡀ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢሙྜࠊࡇࡢ࢚ࢡࢯࣥࢆྵࡴ OPN5 ㌿⏘≀ࡣࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ྠᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ㏻ᖖ ᆺ OPN5 ㌿⏘≀ࡼࡾࡶⓎ⌧㔞ࡀ㧗࠸ࡇࡀࢃࡗࡓࠋᚋࡣࠊࡇࡢ᪂ࡓ࡞ OPN5 ㌿⏘≀ࡢᶵ⬟ࡸᏑᅾព⩏ࡶ╔┠ࡋ ࡚◊✲ࢆ㐍ࡵࡓ࠸ࠋ 㧙㧙 B-15 ⌧⏕ࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝ࠾ࡅࡿ㊥㦵ࢧࢬࡢኚ␗య㔜ࡢ㛵ಀ 㘥ᮏṊஂ㸦ᯘཎ⮬↛⛉Ꮫ༤㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸㧗ṇᡂ ㊥㦵ࢧࢬࡢᡂ㛗㐣⛬࠾ࡅࡿ✀ෆኚ␗ࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊ⌧⏕ࡢࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢᗂ⋇ಶయࢆᑐ㇟ࠊ㊥㦵ࢧࢬࡢ ኚ␗࠾ࡼࡧయ㔜ࡢ㛵ಀࢆㄪࡓࠋࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢᗂ⋇ 244 ಶయ(࢜ࢫ 142;࣓ࢫ 102)ࡢ㊥㦵ࡢ 4 ࢝ᡤࢆィ ࡋࠊಶࠎࡢಶయ ࡢయ㔜ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆྎᖒࡼࡾྲྀᚓࡋࡓࠋ⮬↛ᑐᩘኚࡋࡓࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊయ㔜㊥㦵ࡢྛィ ್ࡢ༢ኚ㔞࣓ࣟࢺ࣮ࣜࢆ ㄪࡓࡇࢁࠊ೫㛗㍈ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ㞤㞝ᕪࡣࢇ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊඛ⾜◊✲࠾࠸࡚ᡂ⋇࠾ࡅࡿ㊥㦵ࢧࢬ 㞤㞝ᕪࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊࡇࡢᡂ⋇࠾ࡅࡿ㞤㞝ᕪࡣࠊᛶࡢ㐪࠸࠸࠺ࡼࡾࡶࡴࡋࢁయ㔜ࡢ㐪࠸㉳ᅉࡍࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋయ 㔜ᑐࡍࡿ㊥㦵ࢧࢬࡣࠊ㌴ࡢᖜࡣ➼ᡂ㛗(ഴࡁࠥ1/3)࡛ࠊ㛗ࡉᖜࡣ㐣ᡂ㛗(ഴࡁ㸼1/3)ࠊ㊥㦵㢕㒊ࡢ㛗ࡉࡣຎᡂ㛗(ഴ ࡁ㸺1/3)ࡔࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊ㊥㦵ࡢ㌴ࡢᖜࢆ࠼ࡤࠊඛ⾜◊✲࡛ồࡵࡓᡂ⋇࠾ࡅࡿ㊥㦵ࢧࢬࡽయ㔜ࢆồࡵࡿᘧࡀࢽ ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢᗂ⋇ࡶ㐺⏝࡛ࡁࡿࡇࢆ♧ࡍࠋࡲࡓࠊ㊥㦵ࡢィ ್ࡘ࠸࡚ከኚ㔞࣓ࣟࢺ࣮ࣜゎᯒࢆ࠾ࡇ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ㌴ࡢ ᖜࡣࡸࡸຎᡂ㛗ࠊ㛗ࡉࡣ㐣ᡂ㛗ࠊᖜࡣࡸࡸ㐣ᡂ㛗ࠊ㢕㒊ࡢ㛗ࡉࡣຎᡂ㛗࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊᡂ㛗(㊥㦵ࡀࡁࡃ࡞ࡿ) ࡶࠊ㊥㦵ࡢ㌴ࡢᖜ㢕㒊ࡢ㛗ࡉࡣ┦ᑐⓗᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡿࠋ B-16 㟋㛗㢮ࡢྛ✀⤌⧊ࡢຍ㱋ኚ ᮾ㉸㸦ዉⰋ┴་࣭་࣭ゎ๗Ꮫ㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸▼㧗⏕ ᅇࡢ◊✲࡛ࡣᾘჾ⣔ࡢෆ⮚ࡢ࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘ࠊ⇥ࠊ࣐ࢢࢿࢩ࣒࢘ࠊ◲㯤ࠊ㕲ࠊள㖄ࡀຍ㱋కࡗ࡚ࡢࡼ࠺ኚࡍࡿ ࡢࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊࢧࣝࡢ⫢⮚ࡢඖ⣲ྵ㔞ࡢຍ㱋ኚࢆㄪࡓࠋ⏝࠸ࡓࢧࣝࡣ 28 㢌ࠊᖺ㱋ࡣ᪂⏕ඣࡽ 31 ṓ࡛࠶ ࡿࠋࢧࣝࡼࡾ⫢⮚ࢆ 100g ⛬ᗘ᥇ྲྀࡋࠊỈὙᚋ⇱ࡋ࡚ࠊ◪㓟㐣ሷ⣲㓟ࢆຍ࠼࡚ࠊຍ⇕ࡋ࡚⅊ࡋࠊඖ⣲ྵ㔞ࢆ㧗࿘Ἴ ࣉࣛࢬ࣐Ⓨගศᯒ⨨(ICPS-7510ࠊᓥὠ〇)࡛ ᐃࡋࠊḟࡢࡼ࠺࡞⤖ᯝࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓࠋ ձࢧࣝࡢ⫢⮚࠾࠸࡚ࡣ࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘ࠊ⇥ࠊ࣐ࢢࢿࢩ࣒࢘ࠊ◲㯤ࠊ㕲ࠊள㖄ྵ㔞ࡣຍ㱋ࡶῶᑡഴྥ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ≉࣐ ࢢࢿࢩ࣒࢘ࠊ⇥ࠊ◲㯤ࠊள㖄ྵ㔞ࡀ᭷ព࡞ῶᑡࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓ(P<0.05)ࠋ ղࢧࣝࡢ⫢⮚ࡢ࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘ྵ㔞ࡣࡍ࡚ 2mg/g ௨ୗ࡛ࠊ▼⅊ࡋࡃ࠸ෆ⮚࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡀศࡗࡓࠋ ճࢧࣝࡢ⫢⮚࠾࠸࡚ࡣ࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘ࠊ⇥ࠊ࣐ࢢࢿࢩ࣒࢘ྵ㔞ࡢ㛫᭷ព࡞┦㛵ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࠊ࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘ࠊ⇥ࠊ࣐ࢢࢿࢩ࢘ ࣒ࡀ୍ᐃࡢẚ⋡࡛ࢧࣝࡢ⫢⮚✚ࡉࢀࡿࡇࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ B-17 ⭝࠾ࡼࡧ㦵⤌⧊ࡢຠ⋡ⓗ⏕ྥࡅࡓᇶ♏◊✲ బ⸨Ẏ㸪ᴮᮌ♸୍㑻㸦ᇸ⋢་⛉㸧㸪ᑠᐑᒣ㞝㸦ᮾி㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸㧗⏣ᫀᙪ ࠙┠ⓗࠚᄮ➽⭝㺃⭝⭷㐣ᙧᡂࡢ㛤ཱྀ㞀ᐖࡣ⭝⤌⧊ࡢ㐣ᙧᡂ㉳ᅉࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࢃࢀࢃࢀࡣᮏᝈᝈ⪅ࡢ⭝⤌⧊࠾࠸࡚ࠊ ศἪࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁࡛࠶ࡿș-crystallin A4 (CRYBA4)ࡀ≉␗ⓗୖ᪼ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࢆሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ(Nakamoto A et al, 2013)ࠋࡲ ࡓࠊᮏᝈࡢ⏨ዪẚࡣ 1:2.5 ዪᛶከ࠸(᭷ᐙࡽ 2009)ࠋᅇࠊ⭝⣽⬊࠾ࡅࡿ CRYBA4 ࡢᶵ⬟࠾ࡼࡧ࢚ࢫࢺࣟࢤࣥࡢస ⏝ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ ࠙᪉ἲࠚ࣐࢘ࢫ║⌫ cDNA ࡽ PCR ࡛ CRYBA4 ࢆቑᖜࡋⓎ⌧࣋ࢡࢱ࣮pcDNA3 ࢡ࣮ࣟࢽࣥࢢࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ⭝⣽⬊ᰴࡋ ࡚ TT-D6 ⣽⬊ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋTT-D6 ⣽⬊ CRYBA4 ࢆ㐣Ⓨ⌧ࡉࡏࠊ⭝ศ࣐࣮࣮࢝ࡢⓎ⌧ࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓࠋࡉࡽࠊ࢚ࢫࢺࣟ ࢤࣥࡋ࡚ 17ș-estoradiol ࢆ⏝࠸ࠊTT-D6 ⣽⬊స⏝ࡉࡏ࡚⭝ศ࣐࣮࣮࢝ࡢⓎ⌧ࢆࣜࣝࢱ࣒ PCR ᳨࡛ウࡋࡓࠋ ࠙⤖ᯝࠚ TT-D6 ⣽⬊ CRYBA4 ࢆ㐣Ⓨ⌧ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡛⭝ศࡢึᮇ࣐࣮࣮࡛࢝࠶ࡿ scleraxis ࡢ㑇ఏᏊⓎ⌧ࡀపୗࡋࡓࠋ 17ș-estoradiol ฎ⌮ࡼࡾ TT-D6 ⣽⬊࠾࠸࡚ collagen 6A1 ࡢ㑇ఏᏊⓎ⌧ࡀୖ᪼ࡋࡓࠋ ࠙⤖ㄽࠚᄮ➽⭝࣭⭝⭷㐣ᙧᡂ࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊCRYBA4 ࡢⓎ⌧ࡀ㧗࠸ࡇ࡛ࠊ⭝⣽⬊ࡢศึᮇࢆᢚไࡍࡿࡀࠊ࢚ࢫࢺ ࣟࢤࣥࡢస⏝࡛⭝⣽⬊ࡢࢥ࣮ࣛࢤࣥ⥺⥔ࡢቑຍࢆಁ㐍ࡉࡏࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋ B-18 ⥙⭷⚄⤒⣽⬊ࡢࢧࣈࢱࣉᙧᡂࢆᢸ࠺ศᏊ⩌ࡢ㟋㛗㢮࠾ࡅࡿⓎ⌧ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡢゎᯒ すᬡኈ㸦⌮Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ Ⓨ⏕࣭⏕⛉Ꮫ⥲ྜ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ ⥙⭷⏕་⒪◊✲㛤Ⓨࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸ၨ㞝 ࣄࢺࢆྵࡴከࡃࡢ㟋㛗㢮ࡢከࡃࡣ㉥࣭⥳࣭㟷Ⰽឤཷᛶࡢ㗹యど⣽⬊㉳ᅉࡍࡿ 3 ⰍᛶⰍぬࢆᣢࡘࡀࠊࡇࢀࡽ㗹యど⣽⬊ ࡢࢧࣈࢱࣉࢆỴᐃࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢศᏊᶵᵓࡣ᫂࡞Ⅼࡀከ࠸ࠋࡇࢀࡲ࡛࣐࢘ࢫ⥙⭷ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᶵ⬟ࢤࣀ࣒Ꮫⓗゎᯒࡼࡾࠊ ㌿ไᚚᅉᏊ Pias3 ࡀ㟷࣭⥳㗹యど⣽⬊ࡢࢧࣈࢱࣉỴᐃ㔜せ࡞ᙺࢆᢸ࠺ࢆሗ࿌ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊ㟋㛗㢮⥙⭷࠾࠸ ࡚ PIAS3 㛵㐃㑇ఏᏊࡘ࠸࡚ࡢⓎ⌧ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࢆච⤌⧊Ꮫⓗᡭἲࡼࡾゎᯒࡋࡓࠋ ヨᩱࡣᡂయ࣐࣮ࣔࢭࢵࢺࡢ║⌫ࢆ⏝࠸ࠊ࣐࢘ࢫ⥙⭷࡛ᢠཎ≉␗ᛶࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓᢠయ࡛⺯ග⤌⧊ᰁⰍࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ ᡂయ࣐࣮ࣔࢭࢵࢺ⥙⭷࠾࠸࡚ 1 ᆺࣞࢳࣀࣝࢹࣄࢻ⬺Ỉ⣲㓝⣲ࡀ୰ᚰ❐㒊ศ࡛㧗࠸Ⓨ⌧ࢆ♧ࡍࡀศࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢ㑇ఏ Ꮚࡣ࣐࢘ࢫ⥙⭷࡛ࡣ⥳㗹యࡢᒁᅾࡍࡿ㡿ᇦ࡛㧗࠸Ⓨ⌧ࢆ♧ࡍࠋࡲࡓࠊྠ㑇ఏᏊࡢⓎ⌧㔞ࡢኚ㟷࠾ࡼࡧ⥳㗹య࢜ࣉࢩࣥ ࡢⓎ⌧ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡢኚ┦㛵ᛶࡀぢࡽࢀࡿࡇࡽࠊ㟋㛗㢮ࡢ୰ᚰ❐㒊ศ࡛ࡣ㉥⥳㗹యࡢ࢜ࣉࢩࣥࡢࢧࣈࢱࣉࡢⓎ⌧ไ ᚚ㛵ࡍࡿࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡿࠋᚋࠊ࣐࢘ࢫ࠾ࡼࡧ࣐࣮ࣔࢭࢵࢺ࡚ྠ㑇ఏᏊࡢ GOF/LOF ゎᯒࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ⾲⌧ᆺࢆホ౯ࡍ ࡿணᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ B-19 㟋㛗㢮࠾ࡅࡿ⏑ཷᐜయࡢ⭷⛣⾜ᶵᗎࡢゎᯒ ᪥ୗ㒊⿱Ꮚ㸦㎰◊ᶵᵓ࣭㣗ရ⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤ㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸ၨ㞝 ⏑ࡢཷᐜࡣࠊ㐍కࡗ࡚ኚࡍࡿࡇࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ≉୍㒊ࡢேᕤ⏑ᩱࡢឤཷᛶࡣ㟋㛗㢮ࢆቃ㐍కࡗ ࡚⋓ᚓࡉࢀࡓࡇࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᡃࠎࡣࠊ㱎ṑ㢮ࣄࢺ࡛ࡣ⏑ཷᐜయࢆᵓᡂࡍࡿศᏊ࡛࠶ࡿ T1r3 ࡢ⭷⛣⾜ ᛶࡀ␗࡞ࡿࡇࢆぢฟࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸦ᅗ)ࠊ⏑ཷᐜయࡣ⏑≀㉁ࡢཷᐜࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊᵓ㐀ᶵ⬟≉ᛶࡀ㐍ࡼࡗ࡚ኚࡍ 㧙㧙 ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊேᕤ⏑ᩱࡢឤཷᛶࡀ✀ࡼࡗ࡚␗࡞ࡿ㟋㛗㢮ࡢ T1r3 ࡢ⭷⛣⾜ᛶࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࡇ࡛ࠊ㐍 ࡼࡿࡢឤཷᛶࡢኚぬཷᐜయࡢ⭷⛣⾜ᶵᗎࡢኚࡢ㛵ಀࢆ⌮ゎࡍࡿࡇࢆ┠ⓗࡋࡓ◊✲ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ⌧ᅾࠊࢳ ࣥࣃࣥࢪ࣮ࠊ࢝ࢤࢨࣝࠊࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࠊ࣐࣮ࣔࢭࢵࢺࡢ T1r3 ࡢ⭷⛣⾜ࢆホ౯ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ㹌ᮎ➃ࢱࢢࢆຍ ࡋࡓኚ␗యࢆస〇୰࡛࠶ࡾࠊ୍㒊ࡣ⭷⛣⾜ࢆホ౯ࡍࡿࡓࡵᇵ㣴⣽⬊ᑟධࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᚋࠊ⭷⾲㠃⛣⾜ࡋࡓཷᐜ యࡢࢱࢢࡘ࠸࡚ᢠయᰁⰍࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡛ࠊ⭷⛣⾜ࢆホ౯ࡍࡿணᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ B-20 㔝⏕ࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝ⤯⁛༴Ꮩ❧ಶయ⩌ࡢ MHC 㑇ఏᏊࡢゎᯒ ᳃ග⏤ᶞ㸦රᗜ┴❧࣭⮬↛࣭⎔ቃ◊/᳃ᯘື≀◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ㞝⪅㸸ᕝᮏⰾ රᗜ┴⏕ᜥࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢᆅᇦಶయ⩌ࡣࠊศᕸࡽᏙ❧ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㑇ఏⓗከᵝᛶࡢᾘኻཬࡧ⤯⁛ࡀ༴ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ ࡿࠋᆅᇦಶయ⩌ࡢಖࡴࡅ࡚ࠊ᪩ᛴ࡞㑇ఏⓗከᵝᛶࡢㄪᰝࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊሗ࿌⪅ࡣࠊරᗜ┴㤶⨾⏫ᑠ௦⏕ᜥ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᏙ❧ᆅᇦಶయ⩌ࠊ⨾᪉ A ⩌ 6 㢌ࢆᏛ⾡ᤕ⋓ࡋࠊ᥇ྲྀࡋࡓ⾑ᾮࢧࣥࣉࣝࢆ⏝࠸࡚ MHC ࢡࣛࢫϩ㡿ᇦ DRB ࢆศᯒ ࡋࡓࠋ⾑ᾮࢧࣥࣉࣝࢆࠊRNA Later ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ฎ⌮ᚋࠊᕷ㈍ࡢᢳฟ࢟ࢵࢺࢆ⏝࠸࡚ RNA ࢆᢳฟࡋࡓࠋᢳฟࡋࡓ RNA ࢆ㗪ᆺ RT-PCR ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊpGEM-T Easy Vector System ࢆ⏝࠸࡚⏘≀ࡢࢡ࣮ࣟࢽࣥࢢࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ┠ⓗࡢ㡿ᇦࢆࢥࣟࢽ࣮PCR ࡼ ࡾቑᖜࡋࠊࢲࣞࢡࢺࢩ࣮ࢣࣥࢫἲ࡛ሷᇶ㓄ิࢆỴᐃࡋࡓࠋ⌧ᅾࠊሷᇶ㓄ิࡢゎᯒసᴗࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ᮶ᖺᗘࡣࠊࡉࡽ ศᯒᩘࢆቑࡸࡍࡇࠊࡲࡓࠊᓥᕋ⏕ᜥࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠊῐ㊰ᓥ⩌ࡽࡶࠊࢧࣥࣉࣝࢆ᥇ྲྀࡋྠἲ࡚ศᯒࢆ⾜࠸ࠊᆅᇦಶయ⩌ ࡢ MHC ࡢ≉ᚩࢆᩚ⌮ࡍࡿணᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ B-21 ࣄࢺୖ⛉ 㸦Hominoidea㸧 ࠾ࡅࡿ⼗∵ࡢẚ㍑ゎ๗Ꮫⓗ◊✲ ⃝㔝ၨ୍㸦⚄ዉᕝṑ⛉㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸℈⏣✨ ⼗∵ Cochlea ࡣ⫈ぬჾࡢ୰ᚰⓗ㒊ศ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࢀࡣࠊࣄࢺ࡛ࡣ㢌ᗏࡢ㦵㉁ࡢ᭱ࡶཌ࠸㒊ศᇙࡶࢀ࡚Ꮡᅾࡍࡿࠋࡑࡋ ࡚ࡑࡇࡣࠊ㞄᥋ࡋ࡚ኴ࠸㢁ື⬦⟶(ࡑࡢ୰ࡣෆ㢁ື⬦)ࡀᙉࡃᒅ᭤ࡋ࡚㉮⾜ࡍࡿ࠸࠺✵㛫㓄⨨ᡂࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇ࠺ࡋ ࡓ㛵ಀᛶࡘ࠸࡚ࠊgreat apes ࡸࡑࢀ௨እࡢ Anthropoidea(Simiiformes)ࠊ᭦ࡣ CarnivoraࠊPerissodactylaࠊཬࡧ Artiodactyla ࡢྛື≀ẚ㍑ࡋ᳨࡚⣴᳨ウࡋ࡚ࡳࡓࠋ ⼗∵ࡀ┦ᑐⓗ᭱ࡶཌ࠸㦵㉁ໟࡲࢀࡿࡢࡣ great apes (Gorilla, Pan, Pongo )࡛ ࠶ࡿࠋgreat apes ࡢ Cochlea ࡢᏑᅾᵝᘧࡣࠊ୕⪅㛫࡛ࡣ㢮ఝᗘࡀࡁ࠸ࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢື≀࡛ࡣࠊ㢁ື⬦⟶ࡣ⼗∵㞄᥋ࡋࡘࡘࠊ Homo ࡼࡾࡶ㐶㛗㊥㞳ࢆᒅ᭤⺬⾜ࡋ࡚㉮⾜ࡍࡿࠋࣄࢺୖ⛉ (Hominoidea)ࢆ㝖ࡃ Anthropoidea(Simiiformesࠊࡇࡇ࡛ࡣ Haplorhini ┤㰯㢮࡛ࡣ࡞࠸)࡛ࡣࠊ⼗∵ࢆໟࡴ㦵㉁ࡣࠊ┦ᑐⓗ great apes ࡼࡾࡶⷧࡃࠊ㢁ື⬦⟶ࡣ⼗∵㞄᥋ࡋ࡚㉮⾜ࡍ ࡿࡀࠊࡑࡢ㉮⾜ࡣᒅ᭤⺬⾜ࡋࡘࡘࡶࠊgreat apes ࡼࡾࡶ㐶▷࠸㊥㞳࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ᪉ࠊCarnivora ࡢ Canis, Vulpes, Nyctereutes, Ursus, Selenarctos ࡞࡛ࡣࠊ⼗∵ࢆໟࡴ㦵㉁ࡣཌࡃࡣ↓ࡃ࡚ࠊ㏆㞄ࡣࡁ࡞✵Ὕࢆᣢࡘ Bulla tympani ࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿࠋᆅ ୖࡢື㡢ࢆቑᖜࡋ࡚⼗∵ఏ࠼ࡿࡣࠊ⼗∵ࡀཌ࠸㦵㉁ໟࡲࢀࡿࡼࡾࡶࠊࡁ࡞ Bulla tympani ࡢᏑᅾࡢ᪉ࡀຠᯝⓗ ࡞ࡢ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋArtiodactyla Perissodactyla ࡛ࡣࠊBulla tympani ࡢⓎ㐩ࡢ⛬ᗘࡣᵝࠎ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ⼗∵ࢆໟࡴ㦵㉁ࡣཌࡃࡣ ↓ࡃࠊ㢁ື⬦ࡀ㢌ᗏࢆ㈏ࡃ㒊ศࡣ⟶≧࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ B-22 ఀ㇋ᓥ⏕ᜥࡍࡿࢱ࣡ࣥࢨࣝࡢ㑇ఏⓗከᵝᛶ㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ బ┿⨾㸦ओ㔝⏕ື≀ಖㆤ⟶⌮ົᡤ㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸ᕝᮏⰾ ఀ㇋ᓥࡣࠊ1939ࠥ1945 ᖺື≀ᅬࡽ㐓㉮ࡋ㔝⏕ࡋࡓࢱ࣡ࣥࢨࣝࡀ⏕ᜥࡍࡿࠋ1980 ᖺ௦ᮾᾏᓊᇦࡔࡅࡔࡗ ࡓศᕸࡣࠊ⌧ᅾᓥࡢࡰᇦᣑࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᖺᗘィ⏬࡛ࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢ◊✲ࡼࡾᚓࡓࢹ࣮ࢱࡢゎᯒࢆィ⏬ࡋࡓࡀࠊ せ⤌⧊㐺ྜ㑇ఏᏊ」ྜయ(MHC)㏆ഐࡢ࣐ࢡࣟࢧࢸࣛࢺ DNA ࡢከᆺᛶ㛵ࡍࡿศᯒษࡾ᭰࠼ࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊMHC 㐃㙐ࡍࡿ DNA ᶆ㆑ࢆຍ࠼࡚እ᮶✀ಶయ⩌ࡢ㑇ఏⓗ≉ᚩࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ MHC 㡿ᇦ࠶ࡿ࣐ࢡࣟࢧࢸࣛࢺ DNA ࡢ 5 ᗙ(D6S2691,D6S2704,D6S2793,D6S2970,MICA)ࡘࡁఀ㇋ᓥ࡛᥇ྲྀ ࡋࡓ⾑ᾮ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ⤌⧊ࡽㄪ〇ࡋࡓ 39 ᳨యࢆศᯒࡋࡓࠋ⺯ගࣛ࣋ࣝࡋࡓྛᗙࡢ PCR ⏘≀ࢆ 3130xl Genetic Analyzer ࡼࡾࣇࣛࢢ࣓ࣥࢺゎᯒࡋࠊྛ᳨యࡢ㑇ఏᏊᆺࢆุᐃࡋࡓࠋᑐ↷ࡢࡓࡵࠊྠᵝࡢศᯒࢆ㟷᳃┴㔝㎶ᆅ(5 ᳨య)ࠊḷᒣ┴ ụ(4 ᳨య)ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ⾜࠸ࠊ᳨ฟ࡛ࡁࡿᑐ❧㑇ఏᏊࡢ┦㐪ࡶὀ┠ࡋࡓࠋ ᳨ᰝࡋࡓ࠸ࡎࢀࡢᗙ࡛ࡶఀ㇋ᓥ࡛ࡣከᆺࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓࠋᑐ❧㑇ఏᏊᩘࡣ 2(D6S2793)ࠥ6(D6S2691)࡛ࠊ㑇ఏᏊࢱ ࣉࡣᑐ↷ᆅᇦ୍㒊㐪࠸ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ࣊ࢸࣟ᥋ྜ⋡࡛ࡣࠊほᐹ್ࡀ 0.167ࠥ0.846ࠊᮇᚅ್ࡀ 0.401ࠥ0.776 ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ(ୗᅗ ࢆཧ↷)ࠋD6S2793 ࡛ࡣ࣊ࢸࣟ᥋ྜయࡢほᐹ㢖ᗘࡀᮇᚅ㢖ᗘࡼࡾ᭷ពᑠࡉࡃࠊnull allele ࡀணࡉࢀࡓࠋࡢᗙ࡛ࡣ Hardy-Weinberg ᖹ⾮ࡽࡢ᭷ព࡞㐓⬺ࡣㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ B-23 ᪂ୡ⏺ࢨࣝⱞཷᐜయ TAS2R ᑐࡍࡿࣜ࢞ࣥࢻឤཷᛶከᵝᛶࡢ᳨ド ᑿ㢌㞞㸪Ἑᮧṇ㸦ᮾ࣭᪂㡿ᇦ㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸ၨ㞝 㟋㛗㢮ࡢ㐍࠾࠸࡚ⰍぬᏛ≀㉁ឤཷ⬟ࡢⓎ㐩ࡣࢺ࣮ࣞࢻ࢜ࣇࡢ㛵ಀ࠶ࡿࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࡀ᳨ドࡀᚅࡓࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ᪂ୡ⏺ࢨࣝ㢮ࡣⰍぬ㣗ᛶࡁ࡞ከᵝᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࡇࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࢺ࣮ࣞࢻ࢜ࣇ௬ㄝࢆ᳨ドࡋࠊせᅉࡋ࡚㣗 ᛶࡀࡢࡼ࠺㛵ಀࡍࡿࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿୖ࡛᪂ୡ⏺ࢨࣝὀ┠ࡋࡓࠋᮏㄢ㢟࡛ࡣࡑࡢ➨୍Ṍࡋ࡚Ꮫࢭࣥࢧ࣮ࡢ࠺ࡕⱞ ཷᐜయࡢ TAS2R1 TAS2R4 ࡢࣜ࢞ࣥࢻᑐࡍࡿᛂᙉᗘ(᭱ᛂ⟅ᙉᗘ㸸(ǼF/F0)max)ឤᗘ(༙ᩘຠᯝ⃰ᗘ㸸EC50)ࢆ࣊ ࢸࣟᇵ㣴⣽⬊⣔࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘ࢵࢭࢆ⏝࠸࡚ḟࡢ✀㛫࡛ẚ㍑ࡋࡓ㸸࣐ࣥࢺ࢚࣍ࢨࣝ(ᜏᖖⓗ 3 ⰍᆺⰍぬࠊⴥ㣗)ࠊࣀࢻࢪࣟ ࣐࢜࢟ࢨࣝ(L/M ࢜ࣉࢩࣥ 3 ࣞࣝᆺ 2-3 ⰍከᆺⰍぬࠊ㞧㣗)ࠊࢥ࣐࣮ࣔࣥࣔࢭࢵࢺ(3 ࣞࣝᆺ 2-3 ⰍከᆺⰍぬࠊ࣭᪻ᶞ ᾮ㣗)ࠊࢳࣗ࢘࣋ࢡࣔࢨࣝ(2 ࣞࣝᆺ 2-3 ⰍከᆺⰍぬࠊᯝᐇ㣗)ࠊࣚࢨࣝ(ኪ⾜ᛶⰍ┣ࠊᯝᐇ㣗)ࠋTAS2R1 ࡢᶋ⬻ᑐ ࡍࡿឤᗘࡣኪ⾜ᛶࡢࣚࢨࣝࡀ᭱ࡶ㧗ࡗࡓࠋ୍᪉ TAS2R4 ࡢࢥࣝࣄࢳࣥᑐࡍࡿឤᗘࡣᜏᖖⓗ 3 ⰍᆺⰍぬࡢ࢚࣍ࢨࣝࡀ ࡼࡾࡶ᭷ពప࠸ࡀࠊᛂᙉᗘࡣ࣐࣮ࣔࢭࢵࢺࡀࡼࡾ᭷ព㧗ࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࡽࠊ᪂ୡ⏺ࢨࣝ✀㛫࡛ⱞឤぬ㐪࠸ 㧙㧙 ࡀ࠶ࡿࡇࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡋࡋࠊⰍぬࡸ㣗ᛶࡢ㛵㐃ࢆྵࡵࠊࡢཷᐜయࡶྵࡵࡓࡉࡽ࡞ࡿ◊✲ࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋ B-24 ῧ࠸ᐷ┦ᡭࡢぶᛶࡀࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢ╧╀࠼ࡿᙳ㡪 ᣢ⏣ᾈ㸦⌰⌫࣭⇕ᖏ⏕≀ᅪ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸ᮏ㈗ ♫ⓗ╧╀(ῧ࠸ᐷࡸ㞟ᅋ࡛ࡢ╧╀)ࡢ⋓ᚓࡣࠊ㟋㛗㢮ࡢ╧╀ࡢከᵝᛶࢆ⪃ᐹࡍࡿୖ࡛㔜せ࡞࣋ࣥࢺ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ࡞ ࡐ࡞ࡽ㞟ᅋ࡛ࡢ╧╀ࡣࠊἩࡲࡾሙ࠾ࡅࡿᐮࡉࡸᤕ㣗ᅽ࠸ࡗࡓཝࡋ࠸╧╀⎔ቃࢆ⦆ࡍࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇ ࡢࡼ࠺♫ⓗ╧╀ࡣࠊࡋࡤࡋࡤࠊἩࡲࡾሙࡢእⓗ⎔ቃᑐࡍࡿࣜࢡࢩࣙࣥ࠸࠺ᩥ⬦ࡢ࡞࡛ホ౯ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ୍᪉ࠊ ῧ࠸ᐷ┦ᡭࡢ♫㛵ಀ࠸ࡗࡓἩࡲࡾሙෆ⎔ቃࡀ╧╀ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪ࡣࠊ╧╀་Ꮫࡢ㔜せ࡞◊✲ㄢ㢟ࡶࢃࡽࡎࠊࣄ ࢺ௨እࡢ㟋㛗㢮࠾࠸࡚ὀ┠ࡉࢀ࡚ࡇ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛⚾㐩ࡣࠊ㮵ඣᓥ┴ᒇஂᓥす㒊⏕ᜥࡍࡿ㔝⏕ࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢኪࡢ ⾜ືほᐹࢆ࠾ࡋ࡚ࠊぶᛶࡸ⾑⦕࠸ࡗࡓῧ࠸ᐷ┦ᡭࡢ㛵ಀࡀࠊࢀࡽࡢ╧╀㛫ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆ࠶ࡓ࠼ࡿࢆ ㄪࡓࠋ 8 ᭶ணഛㄪᰝࡋ࡚ᑐ㇟⩌ࡢ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮ࡢ⛣ฟධࡢ☜ㄆࢆ࠾ࡇ࡞ࡗࡓᚋࠊ⩣ᖺࡢ 2 ᭶ࡽ 3 ᭶ࡅ࡚⣙ 1 ࣨ᭶㛫ࠊ㔝እㄪᰝࢆ࠾ࡇ࡞ࡗࡓࠋලయⓗࡣࠊ᪥୰ࡢ⤊᪥ྠ 2 ಶయ㏣㊧ࡼࡿ┤᥋ほᐹ࠾ࡼࡧኪ㛫ࡢ㉥እ⥺࣓࢝ࣛࡼ ࡿほᐹࢆ࠾ࡇ࡞࠸ࠊ୍᪥ࡢ⥲╧╀㛫ࡸࡑࡢศᕸࠊ⩌ෆࡢ」ᩘಶయ㛫ࡢ╧╀ࡢྠㄪᛶࡘ࠸࡚ㄪࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢㄪᰝࡼ ࡗ࡚ᚓࡽࢀࡓ⤖ᯝࢆゎᯒࡋࠊᚋࠊᏛࡸ⛉Ꮫ㞧ㄅ࡚Ⓨ⾲ࡋ࡚⾜ࡃணᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ B-25Male dispersal of the Taiwanese macaque (Macaca cyclopis) in Ershui area of Taiwan Su Hsiu-hui㸪Fok Hoi Ting㸦National Pingtung University of Science and Technology㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸ᕝᮏⰾ This research aimed to investigate the population genetics in wild Macaca cyclopis at Hengchun peninsula, the south most region of Taiwan. Fecal samples were used to extract DNA, on which cmyc control and sexing test were conducted. The good quality and known-sex DNA samples were analyzed by sequencing of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) HVR-I and 3 autosomal microsatellite loci. We found 10 haplotypes from HVR-I analysis, including 7 haplotypes found in both sexes and 3 haplotypes found only in males. Nucleotide variation among the 10 haplotypes is between 1 to 14 base pair, and their pairwise distance is 0.002-0.020. The result of Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree and TCS network constructed by HVR-I sequences suggested that M. cyclopis at the peninsula diverged into 3 clades, north, central and south. The north clade is located above Highway 200, the central clade is located at Nanrenshan, and south clade is located south to the Sianglin Village. Three rare haplotypes were carried by 3 different males, which may suggest their migration from other unsampled populations or transferring by human to this region. We tested 79 samples (9 samples in north clade, 1 samples in central clade and 69 samples in south clade) for 3 microsatellite loci, including D7S794, D14S306 and D19S582, which have 5, 6 and14 alleles, respectively. The result of AMOVA (FST = 0.046) by GENALEX and the number of migrates is 5.136 per generation, which showed recent gene flow among the 3 clades. We are going to analyze more loci to increase the accuracy. Base on the maternal molecular marker analysis we suggest that there are three clades of M.cyclopis at Hengchun peninsula, but the biparental marker analysis shows that there is recent gene flow among clades. Female philopatry may lead to the mtDNA geographical structure, and movement of males among clades occurs. Key words: population genetics, gene flow, haplotype, male-biased dispersal, Macaca cyclopis B-26 Study on phylogeography of macaques and langurs in Nepal Mukesh Kumar Chalise㸦Tribhuvan University㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸ᕝᮏⰾ I changed the plan of this cooperative research program due to paucity of fund to visit Japan. I and counterpart tried to found a small facility in Kathmandu to initiate laboratory work for phylogeographical study on Nepalese primates. It became possible to extract DNA from fecal samples by combining sampling and preparation methods originally designed by the counterpart. During the study period, I collected fecal samples of Assamese macaques and Gray langurs in Nepal (see attached map) and succeeded in extracting DNA for DNA typing. In October 2013, I also conducted a field investigation with the counterpart at Ramanagar (for Semnopithecus hector) and Aanbookhaireni (for Macaca assamensis) for observation and fecal sampling of langurs and Assamese macaques, respectively. A preliminary analysis of mtDNA sequencing was conducted in Inuyama by the ounterpart. In the analysis of langurs, the applicability of PCR primers was tested for mtDNA direct sequencing. It was necessary to design new primers specific to the control region. Finally, we could make protocols which allow examinations of mtDNA 16S rRNA region and HVR1 (hypervariable region 1). We will apply this new protocol to further investigation of Nepalese primates in future study. B-27 ⾑ᾮ㓟⣲ືែศᯒࡼࡿṌ⾜୰ࡢጼໃไᚚᡓ␎ࡢ᳨ウ ᳃ᚿ㸦ᒣཱྀ࣭ඹྠ⋇་㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸ᖹ㷂㗦▮ ᮏ◊✲ࡣࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࣔࢹࣝࡀᅄ㊊㺃㊊࡛ࡢ❧ጼໃࡉࡽᅄ㊊㺃㊊Ṍ⾜ࡍࡿ㝿ࡢᅄ⫥㺃యᖿ➽ࡢᒁᡤⓗ⾑ᾮ㓟⣲ືែ ࡢ┦㐪ࢆ㏆㉥እ⥺ศගἲ(NIRS)ࡼࡗ࡚᫂ࡽࡍࡿࡇࢆ┠ⓗࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡼࡾࠊྛ㐠ືㄢ㢟ࡢᅄ⫥࣭యᖿ➽࠾ ࡅࡿ㓟࣊ࣔࢢࣟࣅࣥ⃰ᗘ(oxy-Hb)ࠊ⬺㓟࣊ࣔࢢࣟࣅࣥ⃰ᗘ(deoxy-Hb)ࢆ㠀くⓗィ ࡛ࡁࠊ➽㟁ᅗ࡛ࡣศᯒᅔ㞴࡛ ࠶ࡗࡓ➽ࡢᒁᡤⓗ௦ㅰάື࠸ࡗࡓ᪂つࡢሗࢆᚓࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿࠋᮏᖺᗘࡣᐇ㦂ჾᶵ⏕ࡌࡓᵝࠎ࡞ࢺࣛࣈ ࣝ(ึᮇⰋ)ゎỴࠊࡉࡽື≀ࡢᐇ㦂⎔ቃࡢ㥆カ⦎㛫ࢆせࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࢧࣝࡽグ㘓ࡍࡿࡇࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡗࡓ ࡀࠊࣄࢺࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࡓணഛᐇ㦂ࢆᐇࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊጼໃኚ(㟼Ṇ❧ࡽࡢ๓ഴ)⭌⭡➽ෆഃ㢌࡛⬺㓟࣊ࣔࢢ ࣟࣅࣥ⃰ᗘ(deoxy-Hb)ࡢୖ᪼ࡀほᐹࡉࢀࡓࠋ୍᪉ࠊṌ⾜࡛ࡣṌ⾜୰ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ deoxy-Hb ࡶ㓟࣊ࣔࢢࣟࣅࣥ⃰ᗘ (oxy-Hb)ࡶୗ㝆ࡋࡓࡀࠊࡑࡢ୰࡛ oxy-Hb ࡶ deoxy-Hb ࡶṌ⾜┦ᛂࡌࡓୗ㝆࣭ୖ᪼ࡀほᐹࡉࢀࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢ⤖ᯝࡣࠊNIRS ࡼࡗ࡚➽ࡢᒁᡤ௦ㅰάືࡀほᐹ࡛ࡁࡿྍ⬟ᛶࢆ♧၀ࡍࡿࠋᅗࡣ๓⭎ᒅ➽⩌ࡽィ ࡋࡓ௦⾲࡛࠶ࡿࠋᡂᯝࡢ୍㒊ࡣ➨ 67 ᅇ᪥ᮏே㢮Ꮫ࡛Ⓨ⾲ࡋࡓࠋ 㧙㧙 B-28 ᚰ⮚ࢆไᚚࡍࡿ⚄⤒⣔ࡢ㐍ᙧែᏛ࡞ࡽࡧᶵ⬟ゎ๗Ꮫⓗゎᯒ ᕝᓥ㸪బ⸨⨾㸦ᮾ㑥࣭་࣭ゎ๗㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸℈⏣✨ ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ᚰ⮚ศᕸࡍࡿ⮬ᚊ⚄⤒⣔ࡢᙧែ㛵ࡋ࡚ࠊ㟋㛗㢮ࢆᑐ㇟ࡋ࡚ゎᯒࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞⮚ᛶᵓ㐀 ࡣࠊᶵ⬟ⓗಟṇࢆཷࡅኚࡋࡸࡍ࠸యᛶᵓ㐀ࡣ␗࡞ࡾࠊẚ㍑ⓗಖᏲⓗ࡞ᵓ㐀࡛࠶ࡿᛮࢃࢀࠊ㏆ᖺࡢศᏊ㐍࡛᫂ࡽ ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࡼ࠺࡞㟋㛗㢮ࡢศ㢮⩌࠾࠸࡚ࠊྛศ㢮⩌ෆ࡛ࡣẚ㍑ⓗ㢮ఝࡋࡓᵓ㐀ࢆ♧ࡋࠊศ㢮⩌㛫࡛ࡣከᵝࡋࡓẚ㍑ ⓗẁ㝵ⓗ࡞ᙧែኚࢆ᭷ࡍࡿࡇࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋ ࡑࡇ࡛ᚋࡉࡽ࡞ࡿᙧែᙧᡂࡢཎ๎ࢆ⌮ゎࡍࡿⅭࠊᚰ⮚⮬ᚊ⚄⤒⣔ࡢ⏕ែᏛⓗ⎔ቃኚࡸᶵ⬟ゎ๗Ꮫⓗኚࡢ㛵ಀ ࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࢆ┠ⓗࡋ࡚ࠊᵝࠎ࡞⎔ቃ㐺ᛂࡋࠊከᵝᛶᐩࡴ့ங㢮⯡ࢆᑐ㇟ࡋ࡚ゎᯒᑐ㇟ࢆᣑࡋࡓࠋ ᖺᗘࡣࠊᾮᾐᶆᮏࡢ୰ࡽࣇࢡࣟࣔࣔࣥ࢞(Petaurus breviceps)1 యࢆᑐ㇟ࡋ࡚ゎ๗Ꮫⓗゎᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ⌧ᅾࡢࡇࢁࠊ ᭷⿄㢮ࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎࠊ㟋㛗㢮௨እࡢ᭷⫾┙့ங㢮ࡶከ✀ከᩘࢆᑐ㇟ゎᯒ࡛ࡁ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡓࡵヲ⣽ࡣ࡛᫂࠶ࡿࡀࠊ᪤ゎ ᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ᭷⿄㢮ࡢᚰ⮚⮬ᚊ⚄⤒⣔ࡢᙧែࡣࠊࡢ᭷⫾┙့ங㢮ࡢࡑࢀࡁ࡞┦㐪Ⅼࢆぢ࠸ࡔࡍࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡲ ࡓࠊࣇࢡࣟࣔࣔࣥ࢞ࡣ✵ᛶ࠸࠺≉Ṧ࡞㐠ືᵝᘧࢆᣢࡘ✀࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡑࢀ≉᭷࡞ᙧែⓗᡤぢࡢᢳฟ࠸ࡓࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ ᚋࠊᮏඹྠ⏝ࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ྠᵝḢ⡿ࡢ༤≀㤋ࡸື≀ᅬࡢᶆᮏࡽࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࢆࡉࡽ㞟ࡋ◊✲ࢆ⥅⥆ࡋ ࡚ࡺࡃணᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ B-29 㑇ఏᏊゎᯒࡼࡿ୕㔜┴ෆࡢࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢಶయ⩌ㄪᰝ භἼ⨶⪽㸪㕥ᮌ⩏ஂ㸦NPO ἲேࢧࣝࡇࢿࢵࢺ㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ㞝⪅㸸ᕝᮏⰾ ᖺᗘࠊ୍ᖺᗘᘬࡁ⥆ࡁࠊ୕㔜┴ෆࡢࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡘ࠸࡚ࠊಖㆤ⟶⌮ࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊ⌧Ꮡࡍࡿ⩌ࢀࡢ㑇ఏⓗᵓ㐀 ࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿࡇࠊḷᒣ┴ࡽࡢࢱ࣡ࣥࢨࣝ㑇ఏᏊࡢᣑᩓ≧ἣࡢࣔࢽࢱࣜࣥࢢࢆ┠ⓗࡋࠊᮏᖺᗘࡣࠊ࣓ࢫ 9 ಶయࡘ ࠸࡚ D-loop ➨ 1 ྍኚᇦࡢሷᇶ㓄ิࡢศᯒࠊ࢜ࢫ 9 ಶయࡘ࠸࡚ Y-STR ᳨ᰝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ 㐣ཤ 3 ᖺ㛫ࡢ⤖ᯝࢆᩚ⌮ࡋࡓࡇࢁࠊ࣓ࢫ 64 ಶయࠊ࢜ࢫ 75 ಶయࡢ⤖ᯝࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓࠋ ࣓ࢫࡢ D-loop ➨ 1 ྍኚᇦࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ26 ࡢࣁࣉࣟࢱࣉศ㢮ࡉࢀடᒣᕷ࿘㎶ࢆቃࡁࡃ༡ 2 ⣔⤫ศ㢮ࡉࢀࡓࠋ 㐣ཤࡢ◊✲⤖ᯝࡢ D-loop ➨ 2 ྍኚᇦࡢศᯒ࡛ぢࡽࢀࡓศ㢮ྠࡌഴྥ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ(Kawamoto et al. 2007)ࠋࡇࡢ࠺ࡕࡢࢢࣝ ࣮ࣉࡣࠊᮏᕞ⣔⤫ࡢ㑇ఏᏊ࡛࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ༡ࡢࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣࠊ⣖ఀ༙ᓥᅛ᭷ࡢ㑇ఏᏊ࡛࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࠊ୕㔜┴ෆ 㝈ࡽࢀࡓ⤖ᯝ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡿࡀࠊྎ㧗ᒣᆅࢆ୰ᚰࡋ࡚࿘㎶ᆅᇦᣑࡋࡓࡇࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓ ࢜ࢫࡢ Y ᰁⰍయࡣࠊ15 ࢱࣉศ㢮ࡉࢀࡓࠋ」ᩘࡢࢱࣉෆᗈ⠊ᅖࡢಶయࡀྵࡲࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊከᵝ࡞ࢱࣉࡀᗈᇦ ศᕸࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࠊ࣓ࢫ࡛☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓ 2 ⣔⤫㛫࡛࢜ࢫ⛣ఫࡼࡿ㑇ఏᏊὶࡀ࠶ࡿࡇࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋࢱ࣡ ࣥࢨࣝ⏤᮶ࡳࡽࢀࡿࢱࣉࡣ☜ㄆࡉࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ᮶ᖺᗘࡣࠊ㑇ఏᏊࡢᗈᇦⓗ࣭⥅⥆ⓗ࡞᳨ウࢆྍ⬟ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ᪉ἲࢆ᳨ウࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࢧࣥࣉࣝᩘࢆቑࡸࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇࠊ≉ ࣓ࢫࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ㑇ఏᏊᆅ⌮ࡢ㛵ಀ࡞ࡢヲ⣽࡞ศᯒࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡛ࠊ୕㔜┴ෆࡢ⩌ࢀࡢ≧ἣࡘ࠸࡚ࡉࡽ⣽ࡃ᫂ ࡽࡋ࡚࠸ࡃணᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ B-30 ࣐࢝ࢡṑ㧊ᖿ⣽⬊ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓṑ㧊⏕⒪ἲࡢ☜❧ ⟄ኵ㸦᪥ᮏṑ⛉࣭⏕ṑᏛ㒊࣭⸆⌮Ꮫㅮᗙ㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸㕥ᮌᶞ⌮ ᖹᡂ 25 ᖺᗘࡣࠊΰྜṑิᮇࡢ࢝ࢤࢨࣝࡼࡾ᥇ྲྀࡋࡓṑ㧊ᖿ⣽⬊ࡘ࠸࡚ in vitro in vivo ࠾࠸࡚ࣄࢺṑ㧊ᖿ⣽⬊ ẚ㍑ゎᯒࢆ⾜࠸᪥ᮏཱྀ⭍⤌⧊ᇵ㣴Ꮫタ❧ 50 ࿘ᖺグᛕᏛ⾡࣭⥲ཱྀ࡚₇Ⓨ⾲ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊஙṑṑ㧊ᖿ⣽⬊ ࡢ⥅௦ᇵ㣴㌟㯞㓉ୗࡢࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝ 3 (1 ṓ)ࡢୖ㢡ᕥഃ୰ษṑࡼࡾஙṑṑ㧊⤌⧊ࡢ᥇ྲྀࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᏛⓎ⾲࡛ሗ࿌ࡋ ࡓṑ㧊ᖿ⣽⬊ࡣࠊ࢝ࢤࢨࣝ 2 (3 ṓ: ୖ㢡ྑഃ୰ษṑࠊഃษṑᇙఅ≟ṑ࠾ࡼࡧୗ㢡ྑഃᇙఅ➨⮻ṑ)ࣄࢺ 1 (11 ṓ:ᬛṑ)ࡼࡾ᥇ྲྀࡋࡓࠋIn vitro ࡛ࡣ⣽⬊ᙧែほᐹ⣽⬊ቑṪࠊ࠾ࡼࡧ▼⅊ㄏᑟ⬟ࡘ࠸࡚ゎᯒࡋࡓࠋ⣽⬊ᙧែࡣࣄ ࢺṑ㧊ᖿ⣽⬊࡛ࡶほᐹࡉࢀࡿ⥺⥔ⱆ⣽⬊ᵝᙧែࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋ⣽⬊ቑṪ⋡ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ࢝ࢤࢨ࡛ࣝࡣୖ㢡ྑഃ୰ษṑࡢṑ㧊 ᖿ⣽⬊ࢆ㝖࠸࡚ྠᵝࡢ⣽⬊ቑṪ⋡ࢆ♧ࡋࠊศㄏᑟࡼࡾ࡚ࡢṑ㧊ᖿ⣽⬊࠾࠸࡚ࣜࢨࣜࣥࣞࢵࢻᰁⰍ㝧ᛶീࡀほᐹ ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊࢾ࣮ࢻ࣐࢘ࢫࡢ⓶ୗ⛣᳜࡛ࡣࠊH-E ᰁⰍࡼࡾṑ㧊/㇟∳㉁ᵝᙧᡂ≀ࡀほᐹࡉࢀࡓࠋࡉࡽචᰁⰍࡼࡾ ㇟∳㉁ᙧᡂࢱࣥࣃࢡ࡛࠶ࡿ bone sialoprotein 㝧ᛶീࡀほᐹࡉࢀࡓࠋ⥅⥆ࡋ࡚◊✲ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿஙṑṑ㧊ᖿ⣽⬊ࡢ⥅௦ᇵ㣴 ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊᇵ㣴᪥ᩘ࡛ࡣ 770 ᪥ࠊ⥅௦ᩘࡣ 153 ࢆ㉺࠼࡚⌧ᅾࡶᇵ㣴ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ㌟㯞㓉ୗࡢࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡼࡾ ᥇ྲྀࡋࡓஙṑṑ㧊⤌⧊ࡣึ௦ᇵ㣴ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ㧗࠸ቑṪ⋡ࢆ⌧ࡍ⣽⬊࡛ࡣ⥅௦ᇵ㣴ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ B-31 㔝⏕ࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢ࣡࢝ࣔࣀ࢜ࢫࡢ⩌ࢀ㛫⛣⡠♫㛵ಀࡢ⥔ᣢ ᓥ⏣ᑗ႐㸦ᖇி⛉Ꮫ࣭ࢽ࣐ࣝࢧ࢚ࣥࢫ㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸㎷ ࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢ࣡࢝ࣔࣀ࢜ࢫࡢฟ⮬⩌ࡢ⛣ฟ㺃⩌ࡢ⛣ධࣉࣟࢭࢫࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊ㔠⳹ᒣ A ⩌ฟ㌟ࡢ࣡࢝ࣔࣀ࢜ ࢫ 6 ಶయࢆ࡞ほᐹᑐ㇟ࡋࠊᙼࡽࡢ A ⩌ࠊ㞄᥋⩌ࠊ㞄᥋⩌㏣㝶࢜ࢫࢢ࣮ࣝࣉෆ࠾ࡅࡿ♫㛵ಀ㛵ࡍࡿࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ 2007 ᖺࡽ✚ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢩࣔ(10 ṓ)ࣇ࣑ࣖ(9 ṓ)ࡣࠊ2009 ᖺ௨㝆 B1 ⩌㏣㝶࢜ࢫࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࢆᙧᡂࡋ⥆ࡅ࡚࠸ࡓࡀࠊ2013 ᖺᑿᮇ࠸ࡓࡗ࡚ᙼࡽࡀ⩌ࢀෆࡢಶయࡶ┤᥋ⓗ࡞ࣥࢱࣛࢡࢩࣙࣥࢆࡶࡘࡼ࠺࡞ࡗࡓࡇࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋࣛ࢟(7 ṓ) ࡣ࣮࢟ࣝ(6 ṓ)ࡣ B1 ㏣㝶࢜ࢫࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࢆᙧᡂࡋࠊࢩ࣭ࣔࣇ࣑ࣖࡣぶⓗ࡞ࣥࢱࣛࢡࢩࣙࣥࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡲࡓࡇࢀ ࡲ࡛ B1 ⩌ࢀ࢜ࢫࡔࡗࡓ࣐ࣛ(13 ṓ)ࡣࣄࢺࣜ࢜ࢫࡋ࡚ B1 ࿘㎶㒊ࢆ㐟ືࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࣇ࣑ࣖࢩࣔࡢ⾜ື࣭♫㛵ಀࡢ ࢹ࣮ࢱࡢணഛⓗศᯒࡢ⤖ᯝࠊࣇ࣑ࣖࡢ B1 ⩌ෆࡢಶయࡢ㛵ࢃࡾ᪉ࠊB1 ㏣㝶࢜ࢫࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡢಶయࡢ㛵ࢃࡾ᪉ࡣⴭࡋ ࠸㐪࠸ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ⩌ෆ࡛ࡣ࣓ࢫࡓࡕ㏆᥋ࡍࡿ୍᪉ࠊ࢜ࢫࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࡛ࡣࠕ㐟ࡧࠖࡸ࣐࢘ࣥࢸࣥࢢࢆ㢖⦾⧞ࡾ㏉ࡍࡇࡀ ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ㐣ཤ 6 ᖺ㛫✚ࡉࢀࡓࢹ࣮ࢱࡼࢀࡤࠊ࢜ࢫ㛫ࡢ㛵ಀᛶࡣࠊฟ⮬⩌ࡽ⛣ฟࡋࡓᚋࡶ㛗ᮇ㛫ࢃࡓࡾ ⥔ᣢࡉࢀࠊ⩌ࢀ࢜ࢫࡣ⩌ࢀෆ࢜ࢫࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡢ㛫ࢆࠊ㢖⦾ ᮶ࡍࡿࠋࡇࡢࡇࡀࠊ㏣㝶࢜ࢫࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡢ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮ࡀḟ 㧙㧙 ⩌ࢀ࢜ࢫ࡞ࡿࡇࢆᐜ᫆ࡍࡿ࠸࠺࣡࢝ࣔࣀ࢜ࢫࡢ⛣⡠ࡢࣃࢱࣥࢆ⏕ࡳฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢ♧၀ࡉࢀࡿࠋࡇࡢ⤖ᯝࡣࠊ 㔠⳹ᒣಶయ⩌࠸࠺㛢㙐⣔≉᭷ࡢ⌧㇟ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ B-32 ⩌㤿┴࠾ࡅࡿ⊷ᐖࡢᐇែ㑇ఏⓗከᵝᛶࡘ࠸࡚ ጜᓮᬛᏊ㸦⩌㤿⮬↛ྐ㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸ၨ㞝 2012 ᖺᗘᘬࡁ⥆ࡁࠊ2013 ᖺᗘࡶࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢ⏕ᜥ≧ἣ࠾ࡼࡧ⊷ᐖࡢᐇែ㑇ఏⓗከᵝᛶࡘ࠸࡚᫂ࡽࡋࠊ⊷ᐖ ࡢ๐ῶᙺ❧࡚ࡿࡇࢆ┠ⓗࠊ᰿⏫ࠊᮧ࡛ᤕ⋓ࡉࢀࡓ 17 యࡢࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࢆゎ๗ࡋࠊ㣗ᛶࠊ⦾Ṫ≧ἣ➼ࢆㄪࡓࠋ ᮏᖺᗘࡢᤕ⋓ࡣ 1 ᭶㹼㸱᭶ࡢᏘ㞟୰ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋᰤ㣴≧ែࡣⰋዲ࡛࠶ࡾయᆺᣦᩘࡣ 85.3 ࡽ 201.4 ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ2 ᭶᭱ࡶ 㧗ࡗࡓࠋ㣗ᛶ࡛ࡣ 2 య࡛⫶ෆᐜ≀ࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࠋศᯒࡢ⤖ᯝࠊࢺ࢘ࣔࣟࢥࢩࠊ࢝࢟ࠊࣈࢻ࢘ࡀ᳨ฟࡉࢀࡓࠋ࢝࣎ࢳࣕࡀ 11 యࡽ᳨ฟࡉࢀࡓࡀࠊࡇࢀࡣㄏᅉ㣵࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋᤕ⋓⨨ࡣ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ⪔సᆅෆ࠾ࡼࡧேᐙ࿘㎶࡛࠶ࡾࠊᤕ⋓ಶయࡣ㎰స ≀㣵ࡁே័ࢀࡢ㐍ࢇࡔࢧ࡛ࣝ࠶ࡗࡓ᥎ᐹࡉࢀࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢᡂᯝࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ┴㔝⏕ື≀ಖㆤ⟶⌮ィ⏬᳨ウࡢᇶ♏ ㈨ᩱࡋ࡚ά⏝ࡉࢀࡓࠋᖺᗘࡢࢧࣝ 17 యࡘ࠸࡚ࡶࠊ◊✲ᡤ㑇ఏᏊሗศ㔝ࡢⱞཷᐜయ㑇ఏᏊ➼ࡢศᯒ౪ࡋࡓࠋ ࡲࡓࠊᮏࢧࣥࣉࣝࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ㜰Ꮫᶫᮏுኴᩍᤵࡢࡈᣦᑟࢆ㈷ࡗࡓࠋ B-33 COCH 㑇ఏᏊⓎ⌧ࡢ✀≉␗ᛶ㛵ࡍࡿ᳨ウ ụᅬဴ㑻㸪ᯇ⏣ᕹ㸦ᇸ⋢་⛉㸧㸪ᯇᮧᬛ⿱㸪ᩧ⸨ᚿ㸦᪥ᮏ་⛉㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸㧗⏣ᫀᙪ ┠✲◊ڦⓗ COCH 㑇ఏᏊࡣ㠀ೃᛶ㑇ఏᛶ㞴⫈ࡢࡦࡘ DFNA9 ࡢཎᅉ㑇ఏᏊ࡛࠶ࡿࠋCOCH 㑇ఏᏊࡢ⺮ⓑ⏘≀࡛࠶ࡿ㹿Cochlin ࡣࠊ (1)ෆ⪥࡛⺮ⓑࡢ 70㸣ࢆ༨ࡵ࡚࠾ࡾ(2)4 ࡘࡢศᏊ㔞ࡢ␗࡞ࡿࢯࣇ࢛࣮࣒(p63ࠊp44ࠊp40ࠊCTP)ࢆᣢࡘࠊ(3)ෆ⪥ࡰ ≉␗ⓗⓎ⌧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠊ(4)CTP ࡀእࣜࣥࣃ≉␗ⓗᏑᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢆゎ᫂ࡋࡓࠋࣄࢺ௨እ࡛ࡣࠊ㱎ṑ㢮ࠊഅ㋟┠࡛ࡶྠ ᵝᏑᅾࡋࠊࡑࡢⓎ⌧ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡣࣄࢺ␗࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡽ㟋㛗㢮ࢧ࡛ࣝࡢ᳨ウࡀ㔜せ࡞ពࢆᣢࡘࠋ ✲◊ڦィ⏬࣭᪉ἲ ࢝ࢤࢨࣝࡶࡋࡃࡣࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢእࣜࣥࣃཬࡧෆ⪥⤌⧊⺮ⓑࢆ᥇ྲྀࡋࠊ࢙࢘ࢫࢱࣥࣈࣟࢵࢺἲࡼࡿ⺮ⓑゎᯒࢆ⾜࠺ࠋ ⦋⤒ࡢ✲◊ࡢ࡛ࡲࢀࡇڦᡂᯝ Cochlin ࡣࠊෆ⪥࡛᭱ࡶࢻ࣑ࢼࣥࢺ࡞⺮ⓑ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡑࡢᶵ⬟ࡣࡲࡔゎ᫂ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋᖹᡂ 25 ᖺᗘࡢ◊✲࡛ࠊࣄࢺእ ࣜࣥࣃ࡛ࡣࠊ16kDa ࡢ CTP ┦ᙜࡍࡿ⺮ⓑࡀ᳨ฟࡉࢀࡿࡀࠊࢧࣝእࣜࣥࣃ࡛ࡣࡇࢀຍ࠼࡚ 11kDa ࡢ⺮ⓑࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓࠋ ⯆῝࠸ࡇ⬺⢾㙐ᛂࡼࡾ 16kDa ࡢ⺮ⓑࡣ 11Kda ኚࡍࡿࡇࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓࠋࣄࢺ௨እࡢ㟋㛗㢮ࡢ◊✲ࡼࡾࠊ Cochlin ࡢࢯࣇ࢛࣮࣒ᙧᡂ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࡑࡢᶵ⬟ࡢゎ᫂ࡀ㐍ࡴ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ B-34 㝮༙ᓥᮾᩳ㠃࠾ࡅࡿࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢ⩌ࢀศᕸ⊷ᐖࡢ◊✲ ⏣୍㞝㸦NPO ࣉ࣓ࣛࢺ࣭ࢦࣛ ࣂ࣓࢜ࢹ࢝ࣝ◊✲ᡤ㸧㸪ᕷ᮶ࡼࡋᏊ㸦㝮༙ᓥࡢ⮬↛ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿ㸧㸪ᒣ⏣ⱥ భ࣭ฟᝅ࣭⏣㑓ె⣖࣭ᒣୗ㍤࣭ὸ㝯அ࣭⸨⏣ᚿṌ㸦㮵ඣᓥ㸧㸪ᗙ㛫⪔୍㑻㸦ᯘཎ㢮ே⊷◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸧㸪➉ࣀୗ♸ 㸦୰㒊Ꮫ㝔㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸㎷ 㝮༙ᓥᮾ㒊ࡣ 90%௨ୖᅜ᭷ᯘᒓࡋࠊ1950-80 ᖺ௦ࡢ㠃✚ⓙఆ㺃୍ᩧ㔪ⴥᶞேᕤᯘࡢᴗࡽචࢀ࡚ࠊኳ↛↷ⴥ ᶞᯘࡀᗈᇦṧࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋຍ࠼࡚ࠊ✄ᑿᓅ(ᶆ㧗 930m)࿘㎶ࡣ✄ᑿᓅ⮬↛⎔ቃಖᆅᇦᣦᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊ᳃ᯘࡣ ẚ㍑ⓗⰋዲࠊᾏᓊࡲ࡛ࡢᮾᩳ㠃ࡶ㏵ษࢀࡎ⥔ᣢࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᡃࠎࡣࠊ9 ᭶ 11 ᪥ࡽ 6 ᪥㛫ࠊᾏᓊ⥺ࡽ 500m-1km ࡢ ᡤ࠶ࡿᯘ㐨ࠊ15.7km ࢆ 7 ༊㛫ศࡅࠊྛ༊㛫 1-2 ேࡢㄪᰝဨࢆ㓄⨨ࡋ࡚ࠊほᐹ༊㛫ࡢ⩌ࢀ⛣ືࢆほᐹࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢ㛫 ࡛ࠊ3 ⩌ࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓ:㸯)ㄪᰝᆅࡢᮾഃࠊᾆ㞟ⴠ㏆ࡃ࡛ࠊ14 㢌㸩(ᡂ⋇࣓ࢫ 6ࠊᡂ⋇࢜ࢫ 3ࠊᡂ⋇ 1ࠊளᡂ⋇ 2ࠊ࢝ࣥ࣎ 1ࠊ ࡑࡢ 1)ࠋ2)୰㛫Ⅼ࡛ࠊ56 㢌㸩(ᡂ⋇࣓ࢫ 13ࠊᡂ⋇࢜ࢫ 8ࠊᡂ⋇ 4ࠊளᡂ⋇ 18ࠊ࢝ࣥ࣎ 6ࠊࡑࡢ 7)ࠋㄪᰝࡢすഃࠊᡴ ワᕝἢ࠸ࠊ66 㢌㸩(ᡂ⋇࣓ࢫ 23ࠊᡂ⋇࢜ࢫ 3ࠊᡂ⋇ 1ࠊளᡂ⋇ 36ࠊ࢝ࣥ࣎ 2ࠊࡑࡢ 1)ࠋ࠸࡙ࢀࡢ⩌ࢀࡶ㢌ィᩘࡣ ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡗࡓࡀࠊ࡞ࡾࡁ࡞⩌ࢀ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ண ࡉࢀࡓࠋ⣅ࡣከᩘ㞟ࡵࠊ㣗ᛶࠊ࣑ࢺࢥࣥࢻࣜ DNA ࡢศᯒࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚ ࠸ࡿࠋ ࡑࡢᚋࠊ⏣࣭ᕷ᮶ࡣ 9 ᭶ 18 ᪥ࡽ 10 ᪥㛫ࠊ⫢⏫༡㝮⏫ࢆᗈᇦሗ㞟ࡵṌ࠸ࡓࠋ⊷ᐖࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ⫢⏫ ࡢᓊⰋࠊᾆ࡞ࡢ㝈⏺㞟ⴠ࡛ࡣࠊேཱྀῶᑡṑṆࡵࡀࡽࡎࠊ⪔స㠃✚ࡀῶᑡࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊࡁ࡞ၥ㢟ࡣ࡞ࡗ࡚ ࠸࡞࠸ࠋ᪉ࠊᡴワ㞟ⴠ࡞༡㝮⏫ᐤࡾࡢ㞟ⴠ࡛ࡣࠊỈ⏣࡞⏫ࡢ⿵ຓࢆཷࡅ࡚⡆᫆㟁ᰙࢆタ⨨ࡋࠊຠᯝࢆୖࡆ࡚࠸ ࡓࠋ B-35 㟋㛗㢮ࡢ࠾ࡅࡿ㧊㠧ᙧᡂࡢホ౯◊✲ ୕ୖ❶ඔ㸦୰㒊Ꮫ㝔࣭┳ㆤࣜࣁࣅࣜࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥᏛ㒊࣭⌮Ꮫ⒪ἲᏛ⛉㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸ᐑᆅ㔜ᘯ ࣄࢺࡸ㢮ே⊷ࡢ⬻ࡢⓎ㐩ࢆࡳࡿ┠ⓗ࡛ MRI ࡢ T1 ᙉㄪ⏬ീࡢ㧗ಙྕ㡿ᇦࢆⓑ㉁ホ౯ࡍࡿ◊✲ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⚄⤒⥺ ⥔ࡢࡲࢃࡾ࠶ࡿ⤯⦕≀㉁࡛࠶ࡿ㧊㠧ࡣ⬡㉁ࡀከࡃྵࡲࢀࠊMRI ࡢ T1 ⏬ീ࡛ࡣ㧗ಙྕࡋ࡚グ㘓ࡉࢀࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊ 㧗ಙྕ㡿ᇦࡢⓎ㐩ኚࡣࠊ㠀くⓗ᪉ἲ࡛㧊㠧ᙧᡂࡢ⤒㐣ࢆࡳࡿ᭷ຊ࡞ᡭẁࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊMRI ࡢ㧗ಙ ྕ㡿ᇦࡀᮏᙜ㧊㠧ᙧᡂ┦㛵ࡍࡿ࠺ࢆ⤌⧊ᶆᮏ࡛ホ౯ࡋࡓ◊✲ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ࣐࢝࢝ᒓࡢࢧࣝࡢⓎ㐩㐣⛬ ࡛ࠊMRI ࡼࡿ㧗ಙྕ㡿ᇦࡢホ౯⤌⧊ᶆᮏࡼࡿ㧊㠧ᙧᡂࡢุᐃࢆྠࡌಶయ࡛⾜࠸ࠊࡑࡢ┦㛵ࢆホ౯ࡍࡿ◊✲ࢆ⾜ࡗ ࡓࠋᖺᗘࡣࠊ45 ᪥㱋ࡢ࢝ࢤࢨࣝࡢ 1 㢌ࠊ10 ṓ㱋ࡢࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝ㸯㢌ࡢ⬻ᶆᮏ㡿ᇦࡢ⤌⧊ษ∦ࢆ୍ᐃ㛫㝸࡛ࣇࢫ ࢺ㺃ࣈ࣮ࣝᰁⰍࡋⓑ㉁ࠊ⅊ⓑ㉁㡿ᇦࡢẚ㍑ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ๓㢌㒊ࡽᚋ㢌㒊ࡲ࡛⓶㉁㡿ᇦࡀஙඣᮇᗈ࠸ࡇࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋヲ⣽ ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ 4 ᭶⌧ᅾゎᯒ୰࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ8 ᭶ࡢᅜ㝿㟋㛗㢮Ꮫ࡛Ⓨ⾲ணᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ B-36 Identification of hybrids between long-tailed and rhesus macaques in a hybrid population in Thailand 㧙㧙 Janya Jadejaroen㸪Suchinda Malaivijitnond㸦Chulalongkorn Univerity㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸ᕝᮏⰾ I have studied hybrids between long-tailed and rhesus macaques in Thailand (Khao Khieow Open Zoo, KKZ) based on their morphological, behavioral and genetic characteristics. Morphological study was conducted by using relative tail length, pelage color, crown hair, cheek hair and sexual skin. Morphological characteristics of macaques in the study area were divided in groups from long-tailed to rhesus macaques by using cluster analysis. Individuals with known morphological characteristics were selected for behavioral study. Genetic study for the discrimination of rhesus and long-tailed macaques was studied during this cooperative program. The aim of this study was to use single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in STAT6 fragments for the discrimination of rhesus and long-tailed macaques according to the Barr et al. (2011) using the techniques adapted and developed by Dr. Kawamoto. Sixty-four fecal samples (of 54 macaques) from KKZ (2011-2012) were extracted using potato starch method. After amplification for STAT6 genes and checking for amplicons, 21 samples were selected for the SNPs study. In addition, 25 fecal DNA samples of KKZ 2011, 40 blood DNA samples of KKZ 2006 (Drs. Malaivijitnond & Hamada’ s), 10 fecal DNA of long-tailed macaques at Kasetsart University, Si Racha Campus and nearby area 2011 and 9 crude blood samples of long-tailed macaques from Wang Kaew (WK), Rayong Province 1998 (Dr. Kawamoto̓ s) were also amplified and tested for products of STAT6 fragments. The PCR condition for amplification was step 1; 94Υ for 2 hours, step 2; 98Υ for 10 seconds, 58Υ for 30 seconds, and 68Υ for 30 seconds, and step 3; 10Υ for infinity. The amplification conditions of STAT6 genes for fecal DNA, blood DNA, and crude blood were KOD-FX x 45 cycles of step 2 (2 repeats), KOD-FX x 35, and KOD-FX x 40, respectively. PCR products checking were by running the amplicons through 2% agarose gel in TAE buffer system. In Barr et al. (2011), the different between the 2 species was at base 491 which is A in rhesus and G in long-tailed macaques. When applying Apa I as restriction enzyme, Dr. Kawamoto found that this could be applicable for the discrimination of the two species when checking DNA bands after digestion of STAT6 fragments of each sample. By using Apa I, STAT 6 fragments with G at base 491 were cut while the fragments with A at base 491 were not (Figure1). In cases of heterozygotes, some fragments were cut while some were not. This produced one band of 745 base pairs in rhesus AA type, two bands of 511 and 234 base pairs in long-tailed GG type, and three bands of 745, 511 and 234 base pairs in AG heterozygotes. Of the 21 fecal DNA samples of KKZ (2011-2012), 18 could be genotyped as 4, 8 and 6 AA, AG, and GG, respectively. Of the 25 fecal DNA samples of KKZ (2011), 24 could be genotyped as 1, 12 and 11 AA, AG, and GG, respectively. For 40 blood DNA samples of KKZ 2006; 4, 24 and 12 were AA, AG, and GG, respectively. Genotypes frequencies of KKZ samples collected in 2006 and 2011 suggested random mating (2006: Fisher exact probability test, P=0.8225; 2011: Fisher exact probability test, P=0.5936, Chi-square = 1.12 (<3.84 at P=0.05, df=1)). Allele frequencies of KKZ sampling in 2006 and 2011 and 2011 and 2011-2012 were insignificant different (Chi-square = 1.53 and 2.09, respectively at P=0.05, df=1). From 10 fecal samples of long-tailed macaques from Kasetsart University, Si Racha Campus and nearby areas, 8 could be genotyped as GG the others were not detected. All the 9 crude blood WK long-tailed samples were genotyped as GG. In addition to confirm the SNPs, we checked the sequence of STAT 6 fragments. We checked 4, 2 and 4 AA, AG, and GG of fecal and blood samples from the hybrid population in KKZ. The sequences confirmed all the AA, AG, and GG with 2 AA that could not be detected. Three and 4 samples of long-tailed macaques from the campus and nearby areas and from WK also confirmed GG homozygotes. The results of this study suggested that SNPs different in STAT6 fragments could be used for the discrimination of rhesus and long-tailed macaques. This could be used as the genetic evidence of hybrids between the two species in KKZ, Thailand. B-37 ୰㒊ᒣᓅᆅᇦࡢࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝ㑇ఏᏊࣔࢽࢱࣜࣥࢢ ㉥ᗙஂ᫂㸦ᐩᒣ┴❧ඵᑿ㧗➼Ꮫᰯ㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸ᕝᮏⰾ 㐣ཤࡢඹྠ⏝◊✲࡛ࠊ▼ᕝࠊᐩᒣࠊ᪂₲ࠊ㛗㔝ࠊᒱ㜧ࡢ୰㒊㸳┴ࡢᒣᓅᆅᇦ⏕ᜥࡍࡿࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢ⩌ࢀࡽࠊ࣑ࢺ ࢥࣥࢻࣜ DNA ㄪ⠇㡿ᇦ(mtDNA-CR)(412 ሷᇶᑐ)ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ6 ࢱࣉࡢሷᇶ㓄ิࡢኚ␗ࢆ᳨ฟࡋࡓࠋ6 ࢱࣉࡢ୰ࡢ㸯 ࡘࡢ JN21 ࢱࣉ(kawamoto et al 2006 ࡼࡿศ㢮)ࡣ㏆␥ᆅ᪉ࡽ୰㒊ᆅ᪉ࡢ᪥ᮏᾏഃᗈᇦⓗศᕸࡋࠊࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢ⩌ ࢀࡢศᕸᣑࡢ⤒㐣ࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿୖ࡛㔜せ࡞㞟ᅋ࡛࠶ࡿࠋJN21 ࡢศᕸᇦࡢ୰࡛၏୍ኴᖹὒഃศᕸࡍࡿᒱ㜧┴㛗Ⰻᕝὶᇦ ࡢ⩌ࢆᑐ㇟ࡋ࡚ࠊDNA ヨᩱ(⣅)ࡢ᥇㞟 mtDNA-CR ➨ 1 ྍኚᇦ(603 ሷᇶᑐ)➨㸰ྍኚᇦ(412 ሷᇶᑐ)ࡢ㑇ఏᏊศᯒࢆ ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ➨ 2 ྍኚᇦ㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ㛗Ⰻᕝᮏὶྑᓊྑᓊᨭὶࡢ᪂ᐑᕝὶᇦ࡛ JN21 ࢆ 12 ࠊ㛗Ⰻᕝᮏὶᕥᓊྑᓊᨭὶ ࡢෆࣨ㇂࡛ JN22 ࢆ 18 ᳨ฟࡋࡓࠋ2 ࡘࡢࢱࣉࡣ 412 ሷᇶᑐࡢ࠺ࡕ 1 ሷᇶᑐࡀ␗࡞ࡿࡔࡅࡢ㏆⦕࡞㞟ᅋ࡛࠶ࡿࠋDNA ࡼࡿᛶุู࡛ࠊJN21ࠊJN22 ࢱࣉඹ࣓ࢫࡢಶయࢆྵࡴ㞟ᅋ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࡢ࡛ࠊ㛗Ⰻᕝὶᇦ ࡣࡇࡢ 2 ࡘࡢࢱࣉࡢ㞟ᅋࡀ⏕ᜥࡍࡿࡇࡀศࡗࡓࠋ➨ 1 ྍኚᇦ࡛ࡣ JN21ࠊJN22 ࡑࢀࡒࢀ 2 ࢱࣉࡢኚ␗ࡀࡳࡽࢀࠊ ➨ 1ࠊ➨ 2 ྍኚᇦࢆྜࢃࡏࡓ㡿ᇦࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿ 4 ࢱࣉࡢ㞟ᅋศࡅࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ᪥ᮏᾏഃᗈᇦศᕸࡍࡿ㞟ᅋࡀࠊ 㛗Ⰻᕝἢ࠸ࡽ༡ྥࡅ࡚ศᕸᇦࢆᣑࡋࡓྍ⬟ᛶࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ JN21 ࢱࣉࡢศᕸᇦ࿘㎶࡛ࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛㑇ఏᏊศᯒࡢ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠊ⚟┴㢌❳ᕝὶᇦ⏕ᜥࡍࡿ⩌ࢀࢆᑐ㇟ࡋ ࡚ࠊDNA ヨᩱ(⣅)ࡢ᥇㞟࣑ࢺࢥࣥࢻࣜ DNA ࡢ D ࣮ࣝࣉ➨ 2 ྍኚᇦ(412 ሷᇶᑐ)ࡢ㑇ఏᏊศᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ 㢌❳ᕝᮏὶࡢୖὶᇦ࡛ JN22 ࡀ 6 ࠊᨭὶࡢ┿ྡᕝ࡛ JN30 ࡀ 15 ࠊ᪂ࢱࣉࡀ 3 ࠊJN35 ࡀ㸯ࠊJN22 ࡀ 1 ࠊ ➲⏕ᕝ࡛ JN30 ࡀ 6 ࠊ⣡ᕝ࡛ JN30 ࡀ 1 ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢ⤖ᯝࡽࠊ㢌❳ᕝὶᇦࡣࠊᮏὶୖὶ㒊 JN21 ㏆⦕ࡢ JN22 ࡢ⩌ࢀࡀ⏕ᜥࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊᨭὶࡣᗈ⠊ᅖ JN30 ࡢ⩌ࢀࡀ⏕ᜥࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀศࡗࡓࠋJN30 ࡣ㈡ࠊ୕㔜ࠊᒱ㜧ศ ᕸࡍࡿࢱࣉ࡛ࠊ㢌❳ᕝࡣࡇࡢ㞟ᅋࡢ➃⨨ࡍࡿࠋ B-38 ࢳࣥࣃࣥࢪ࣮ࡢయᖿୗ⫥ᖏࡢቃ⏺㡿ᇦ࠾ࡅࡿ⬨㧊⚄⤒๓ᯞࡢᙧែⓗ≉ᚩ ⏣ᖾஅ㍜㸦ᇸ⋢་࣭ಖ㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸ᖹ㷂㗦▮ ◊✲௦⾲⪅ࡣࠊ⭡ቨࡽୗ⫥ࡢ⛣⾜㡿ᇦ╔┠ࡋࠊࣄࢺཬࡧࢽ࣍ࣥࢨ࡚ࣝ⭜⚄⤒ྀୗ㒊⫘㛫⚄⤒ࡢほᐹࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚ 㧙㧙 ࡁࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊୗ⫥ศᕸࡍࡿ⚄⤒(⭜⚄⤒ྀ)ࡢ㉳ጞศ⠇(ᵓᡂศ⠇)ࡀᑿഃࡎࢀࡿኚ␗ࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿࡀ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓ (2012ࠊ2011ࠊ2010ࠊ2009ࠊ2008)ࠋྠᵝ࡞ᙧែⓗ≉ᚩࡀࢳࣥࣃࣥࢪ࣮࠾࠸࡚ࡶᏑᅾࡍࡿྰࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࡇࢆ┠ ⓗࢳࣥࣃࣥࢪ࣮ࡢయᖿୗ⫥ᖏࡢቃ⏺㡿ᇦ࠾ࡅࡿ⬨㧊⚄⤒๓ᯞ(ୗ㒊⫘㛫⚄⤒ࠊ⭜㦵⚄⤒ྀ)ࡢほᐹࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ ⭜⚄⤒ྀ㦵⚄⤒ྀࡢቃ⏺⨨ࡍࡿศᒱ⚄⤒(㦵⚄⤒ྀࡢୖ㝈)ࢆ㉳ጞศ⠇ࡣ L3 ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ ヲ⣽ほᐹࡍࡿࠊ L3 ࡽ㦵⚄⤒ྀཧຍࡍࡿᡂศࡀᑡ࡞࠸⩌(L3 ᑡ⩌)ࡑ࠺࡛࡞࠸⩌(L3 ୪⩌)ศࡅࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋL3 ᑡ⩌ࡢ᪉ࡀ L3 ୪⩌ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚ࠊ㦵⚄⤒ྀࡢ㉳ጞศ⠇ࡣࠊ1 ศ⠇௨ෆࡢ㐪࠸࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡸࡸప࠸ゝ࠼ࡿࠋ ⬗య≉ᚩⓗ࡞⚄⤒࡛࠶ࡿᶆ‽ⓗ࡞⫘㛫⚄⤒๓⓶ᯞ(Rcap)ࡢ࠺ࡕ᭱ୗ➃ࡢ Rcap ࡢ㉳ጞศ⠇ࡣࠊL3 ᑡ⩌࡛ Th12+L1ࠊL3 ୪⩌ࡣ Th13 ࠊL3 ᑡ⩌ࡢ᪉ࡀࡸࡸపࡗࡓࠋ ௨ୖࡼࡾࠊ⬗య(⬚㒊)≉ᚩⓗ࡞⚄⤒࡛࠶ࡿ RcapࠊRcl ࡢ㉳ጞศ⠇ࡢ㉳ጞศ⠇ࡀᑿഃࡎࢀࡿࠊศᒱ⚄⤒ࢆ୰ᚰࡋ ࡓୗ⫥ࡢ⚄⤒ࡶᑿഃࡎࢀࡿゝ࠼ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢኚ␗ࡣ⬗యࡢᘏ㛗㛵㐃ࡋࡓኚ␗࡛࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡓ࠸ࠋ ᮏ◊✲ࡢᡂᯝࡣ➨ 30 ᅇ᪥ᮏ㟋㛗㢮Ꮫ࡚Ⓨ⾲ணᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ B-39 㟋㛗㢮ࡀ⏝ࡍࡿᯝᐇࡢᏛᡂศ≉ᛶ Ᏻ⸨ Ꮚ㸦ி࣭㎰Ꮫ◊✲⛉㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸༙㇂࿃㑻 㟋㛗㢮ࡀ⏕ᜥࡍࡿ㝣ᓥࠊ㟋㛗㢮ࡀ⏕ᜥࡋ࡞࠸ᾏὒᓥ࠾࠸࡚ࠊື≀ᩓᕸࡉࢀࡿᯝᐇࡢ㐺ᛂᡓ␎ࢆホ౯ࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊ ᯝᐇࡢᏛᡂศࢆẚ㍑ࡋࡓࠋ㝣ᓥ࡛࠶ࡿᒇஂᓥࡽ 19 ✀ࠊᾏὒᓥ࡛࠶ࡿᑠ➟ཎㅖᓥ∗ᓥࡽ 33 ✀ࡢᯝᐇࢆ᥇ྲྀࡋࠊ୰ ᛶࢹࢱ࣮ࢪ࢙ࣥࢺ⧄⥔ (NDF)ࠊ⢒ࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁ࠊ⢒⅊ศࠊ⢒⬡⫫ࡢྵ᭷⋡ࢆ⇱㔜㔞࡛⟬ฟࡋࡓࠋྛ㡯┠ࡢᖹᆒ್ᶆ‽ ೫ᕪࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀࠊᒇஂᓥ࡛ 0.34s0.18, 0.054s 0.040, 0.054s0.030, 0.132s0.195,∗ᓥ࡛ 0.481s0.18, 0.082s0.059, 0.044s 0020, 0.122s0.131 ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋNDF ⢒ࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁ࡢྵ᭷⋡ࡣࠊ∗ᓥ࠾࠸࡚᭷ព㧗ࡗࡓࠋ⢒⅊ศ⢒⬡⫫ࡢྵ᭷⋡ ࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊᓥ㛫࡛᭷ព࡞ᕪࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࠋᒇஂᓥ࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ㟋㛗㢮ࡀከᵝ࡞ᯝᐇࢆ⏝ࡍࡿ㔜せ࡞✀Ꮚ⪅࡛࠶ࡿ ୍᪉ࠊ∗ᓥ࡛ࡣࢇࡢᯝᐇࡀ㫽ࡼࡗ࡚ᩓᕸࡉࢀࡿࠋᅇࡢ⤖ᯝࡣࠊ㟋㛗㢮㫽㢮ࡢᯝᐇᑐࡍࡿ㑅ᢥᛶࡢ㐪࠸ࡀࠊ 㝣ᓥᾏὒᓥ࠾ࡅࡿᯝᐇࡢᏛᡂศ≉ᛶᫎࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࢆ♧၀ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᚋࠊᑐ㇟✀ࡸ ᐃ㡯┠ࢆቑࡸࡋ ࡚ヲ⣽࡞ศᯒࢆ⾜࠺ࡇࡼࡾࠊࡼࡾ᫂☜࡞ഴྥࡀぢ࠸ࡔࡉࢀࡿࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ B-40 ࣇࣜ࢝⏘࢜ࢼ࢞ࢨࣝ⛉㟋㛗㢮ࡢぬሗయ㑇ఏᏊࡢከᵝᛶ ᯇᮧ⚽୍㸪㉥ᑿᶞ㸦ᒱ㜧࣭ᛂ⏕㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸ၨ㞝 ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊࣇࣜ࢝ᮾ㒊࢘࢞ࣥࢲඹᅜ࢝ࣜࣥࢬ᳃ᯘྠᡤⓗ⏕ᜥࡍࡿ࢜ࢼ࢞ࢨࣝ⛉㟋㛗㢮࡛࠶ࡿ࢝࢜ࢨࣝ (Cercopithecus ascanius)ࠊ࢜ࢨࣝ(C. mitis)ࠊ࢚ࣟࢫࢺࢨࣝ(C. lhoesti)ࡢ 3 ✀ࢆᑐ㇟ࠊぬཷᐜయ㑇ఏᏊࡢ✀㛫࣭✀ෆኚ ␗ࢆศᯒࡋࠊ᥇㣗⏕ែ➼ࡢ㛵㐃ࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࡇࢆ┠ⓗࡋࡓࠋ⣅ࡽᢳฟࡋࡓ DNA ࢧࣥࣉࣝࢆ⏝࠸ࠊ3 ࡘࡢⱞ ཷᐜయ㑇ఏᏊ Tas2r1ࠊTas2r16ࠊTas2r38 ࡘ࠸࡚ሷᇶ㓄ิࢆỴᐃࡋࡓࠋ㑇ఏᏊẖ⣔⤫ᶞࢆసᡂࡋࠊከᩘࡢ᰾㑇ఏᏊᇶ ࡙࠸࡚᥎ᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ 3 ✀ࡢ⣔⤫㛵ಀẚ㍑ࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊࢧࣥࣉࣝᩘࡢከ࠸࢚ࣟࢫࢺࢨ࡛ࣝࡣࠊ✀ෆኚ␗ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶศᯒ ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊTas2r1 Tas2r38 ࠾ࡅࡿ 3 ✀ࡢ⣔⤫㛵ಀࡣඛ⾜◊✲୍⮴ࡋࡓࡀࠊTas2r16 ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ୍⮴ࡋ࡞ࡗ ࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ࢚ࣟࢫࢺࢨ࡛ࣝࡢ✀ෆከᆺࡀほᐹࡉࢀࡓࡢࡣࠊTas2r1 ࡢࡳࡔࡗࡓࠋTas2r16 ࡛ࡣࠊཷᐜయࡢᶵ⬟ᙳ㡪ࡍࡿྍ ⬟ᛶࡢ࠶ࡿ㔜せ࡞⨨ࡢ࣑ࣀ㓟⨨ࡀࡳࡽࢀࡓࠋᚋࡣࠊ࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࣓࣮࢘ࢪࣥࢢゎᯒ➼ࡢᡭἲࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢ ࣑ࣀ㓟⨨ࡀᶵ⬟࠼ࡿᙳ㡪ࡘ࠸࡚ㄪ࡚࠸ࡁࡓ࠸㹿 B-41 ࢥ࣐࣮ࣔࣥࣔࢭࢵࢺࢆ⏝࠸ࡓຍ㱋㯤ᩬኚᛶక࠺⥙⭷⾑⟶᪂⏕ࡢⓎ⏕ᶵᗎࡢゎ᫂ ཎⱥᙲ㸪ᔱ⃝㞞ග㸪ቑ⏣ᬛ⨾㸪ྂᓥ῟ྐ㸦ᒱ㜧⸆⛉࣭⸆ຠゎᯒ㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸୰ᮧඞᶞ ᡃࡀᅜ࠾࠸࡚ࠊຍ㱋㯤ᩬኚᛶࡣ୰㏵ኻ᫂ཎᅉࡢ➨ 4 ࢆ༨ࡵࡿᝈ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ㏆ᖺቑຍࡢ୍㏵ࢆࡓࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋ ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ⌧ᅾ⮫ᗋᛂ⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᢠయ་⸆ရࡣ◪Ꮚయෆᢞ࡛⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㌟యⓗ㈇ᢸࡀࡁ࠸ࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵ᪂つ་ ⸆ရ㛤Ⓨࡀᮃࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡼࡾࣄࢺ㏆࠸ࣔࢹ࡛ࣝࡢ᳨ウࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊᡃࠎࡣຍ㱋㯤ᩬኚᛶక࠺⥙⭷ ⾑⟶᪂⏕ࡢⓎ⏕ᶵᗎࡢゎ᫂ࢆ┠ⓗࡋ࡚ࠊࢥ࣐࣮ࣔࣥࣔࢭࢵࢺࢆ⏝࠸࡚࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ㄏⓎ⬦⤡⭷⾑⟶᪂⏕ࣔࢹࣝࡢస〇ࢆヨ ࡳࡓࠋᖺᗘࡢ◊✲࠾࠸࡚ࡣ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮↷ᑕฟຊࡢ᳨ウࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ ║ᗏ࣓࢝ࣛ(MicronϪ)ྲྀࡾࡅࡀྍ⬟࡞࣮ࣞࢨ࣮↷ᑕ⨨ࡼࡾࠊ࣐࣮ࣔࢭࢵࢺࡢ㯤ᩬ࿘㎶ 8 ᡤ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮↷ᑕࢆ ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ21 ᪥┠ࣇࣝ࢜ࣞࢧࢺ®ὀᑕᾮ 1 ྕ 0.5 mL/kg ⭣㟼⬦ෆᢞࡋ㐀ᙳᚋࡢ⺯ග║ᗏほᐹࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ⾑⟶᪂⏕ࡽࡢ ⺯ග₃ฟࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋྠ᪥║⌫ࢆฟᚋࠊ⤖ษ∦ࢆస〇ࡋࡓࠋ⤖ษ∦ࡢ࣐࣊ࢺ࢟ࢩࣜࣥ㺃࢚࢜ࢪࣥᰁⰍࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ࣮ࣞ ࢨ࣮↷ᑕ㒊ࡢ⤌⧊Ꮫⓗ࡞ኚࢆほᐹࡋࡓࠋ ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ฟຊ 650ࠊ1,000ࠊ1,500ࠊ2,000 mW ࡛ฎ⨨ࡋࡓࡇࢁࠊ1,500ࠊ2,000 mW ฎ⨨࡛↷ᑕ㒊⬦⤡⭷⾑⟶᪂⏕ࢆ ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋ௨ୖࡼࡾࠊฟຊ 1,500 mW ࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡛࣐࣮ࣔࢭࢵࢺࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ㄏⓎ⬦⤡⭷⾑⟶᪂⏕ࣔࢹࣝࡢస 〇ᡂຌࡋࡓࠋ B-42 ࣄࢺື⬦◳ࡢ࢝ࢤࢨࣝࣔࢹࣝసฟࡢࡓࡵࡢᇶ♏◊✲ ᪥ẚ㔝ஂ⨾Ꮚ㸪➉୰Ꮚ㸦ྡྂᒇᩥ⌮࣭▷㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸㕥ᮌᶞ⌮ ி㟋㛗◊ࡢࣥࢻ⏤᮶࢝ࢤࢨࣝࠊLDLR(పᐦᗘ࣏ࣜࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁ࣞࢭࣉࢱ࣮)㑇ఏᏊࡢ LDL ⤖ྜ㡿ᇦ Cys61Tyr ኚ␗ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ㧗ࢥࣞࢫࢸ࣮ࣟࣝ⾑ಶయࢆ 13 ᖺ๓ぢฟࡋࠊᖺึࡵ࡚ F2 ୡ௦࡛࣍ࣔ᥋ྜᆺಶయࡀ⏕ࡲࢀࡓࠋ࣊ࢸࣟ᥋ ྜᆺᡂయ 6 㢌ࡣ㏻ᖖ㣗ୗ࡛⾑୰ LDL ್ཬࡧ t-CH(⥲ࢥࣞࢫࢸ࣮ࣟࣝ)್ࡀ᭷ព(p<0.001)㧗ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࠊࡇࡢᐙ⣔ࡘ࠸ ࡚ࣄࢺື⬦◳ࣔࢹࣝ࡞ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓࠋᡂయ࢜ࢫ 3 㢌ࡘ࠸࡚ 0.1%CH ྵ᭷㣫ᩱࢆᢞࡋ⤒ⓗ⾑ᾮ᳨ᰝࢆ ⾜࠸ࠊ2 㢌ࡣ LDL ್ࡀ㢧ⴭቑຍࡋࠊࡑࡢෆࡢ 1 㢌(#1784)ࡣ 6 㐌㛫࡛ື⬦◳ᣦᩘ LDL/HDL㸼3.5 ࠾ࡼࡧ t-CH/HDL>5.0 㧙㧙 ࢆ㉸࠼ࠊࣔࢹࣝసฟࡢྍ⬟ᛶࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋṧࡾࡢ#1774 ࡣ LDL ್ࡢୖ᪼ࡀᝏࡃࠊࡢ࢚ࢡࢯࣥ㡿ᇦ᭦࡞ࡿኚ␗ࢆ᭷ࡋ࡚ ࠸ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋᑐ↷⩌ 3 㢌ࡢ࠺ࡕ 1 㢌ࡣ 9 㐌㛫ࡢ 0.1%CH ྵ᭷㣫ᩱᢞ࡛ࡃ LDL ್ࡢୖ᪼ࢆ♧ࡉ࡞ࡗࡓ ࡀࠊࡢ 2 㢌ࡢ LDL ್ࡣ 1.5 ಸࡲ࡛ୖ᪼ࡋࡓࠋ᭦ࠊ࣍ࣔ࣊ࢸࣟ᥋ྜᆺࡢஙඣ 2 㢌ࡢ⾑୰ CH ࡢ⤒ኚࢆ㏣㊧୰࡛࠶ ࡿࠋ㏻ᖖ㣗ୗࡢẕஙࢆ㣧ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿ≧ἣୗࡢ LDL ್ࡣࠊኚ␗ࢆࡶࡓ࡞࠸ᑐ↷ಶయ 3 㢌ẚ 1.4 ಸࡢ್ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ B-43 ᩘᏛࣔࢹࣝࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㟋㛗㢮⭣㦵㏆㒊ᙧែࡢゎᯒ ✄⏝༤ྐ㸦་⒪ἲே♫ᅋ࠸࡞ࡶࡕ་㝔㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸ᖹ㷂㗦▮ ◊✲ࡢ┠ⓗࡣࠊࣄࢺࣄࢺ௨እࡢ㟋㛗㢮ࡢ㦵ᙧ≧ࡢ㐪࠸⾜ືᵝᘧࡢ㐪࠸ࢆẚ㍑ࡋࠊ㦵ᙧ≧ࡢຊᏛⓗ᮲௳ࢆồࡵࡿ ࠶ࡿࠋ Wolff ࡢἲ๎ᚑ࠼ࡤࠊ㦵ࡣຊᏛⓗࢫࢺࣞࢫ(Ⲵ㔜)ࢆཷࡅࠊຊᏛⓗ᭱㐺࡞ᙧ≧࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢἲ๎ࢆ᭱㐺⌮ㄽ ⪃࠼ᩘᘧ࡛⾲⌧ࡋ᭷㝈せ⣲ἲࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᩘ್ⓗゎࢆồࡵࡿ㦵ᑐࡍࡿຊᏛⓗ᮲௳ࢆ᥎ᐃࡍࡿࡇࡀฟ᮶ࡿࠋࣄࢺࢳ ࣥࣃࣥࢪ࣮ࡢ⭣㦵ࡢᙧ≧ࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿࠊࣄࢺࡣࠊBicondylar Angle ࡤࢀࡿ⭣㦵ࡢഴࡁࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࣄࢺࡣ┤ ❧㊊Ṍ⾜ࡍࡿࠋࡇࢀࡼࡾࠊ௨ୗࡢ⤖ᯝࢆᚓࡓࠋ ࣄࢺࡢ㦵┙ࡢᙧ≧ࡣෆ⮚ࢆᨭ࠼ࡿࡓࡵ▷ࡃᖜᗈࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࠋྠࠊࣄࢺࡣ┤❧ࡍࡿࡇࡼࡾ⮌➽ࢆⓎ㐩ࡉࡏࡓࠋ Ⓨ㐩ࡋࡓ⮌➽ࡣ⭠⬯㠌ᖏࡢ⥭ᙇࢆ㧗ࡵࠊࢳࣥࣃࣥࢪ࣮ẚ࡚ࠊࡼࡾእ᪉ࡽ㌿Ꮚࢆᙉࡃᅽ㏕ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡗࡓࠋࣄ ࢺࢳࣥࣃࣥࢪ࣮ࡢ㦵ᙧ≧ࢆồࡵࡿࡓࡵࠊึᮇᙧ≧ຊᏛⓗ᮲௳ࢆタᐃࡋ᭷㝈せ⣲ἲࢆ⏝࠸࡚ィ⟬ࡋᙧ≧ࢆồࡵࡓࠋࡇ ࢀࡼࡾࠊBicondylar Angle ࡣ⮌➽ຊࡀࡁ࠸ࡇࡼࡾᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿࡇࡀ᥎ᐃࡉࢀࡓࠋ B-44 ᢠ࠺ࡘ⸆ࡼࡿ࣐࣮ࣔࢭࢵࢺᾏ㤿ṑ≧ᅇ㢛⢏⣽⬊ࡢ⬺ᡂ⇍ຠᯝ ᖹ⪔ྖ㸪➉ෆ⌮㤶㸦⸨⏣ಖ⾨࣭⥲་◊࣭ࢩࢫࢸ࣒་㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸୰ᮧඞᶞ ᡃࠎࡣࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛⤫ྜኻㄪࡸᴟᛶẼศ㞀ᐖࡢᝈ⪅Ṛᚋ⬻ࡸከᩘ⣔⤫ࡢ⢭⚄ᝈ࣐࢘ࢫࣔࢹࣝ࠾࠸࡚ᮍᡂ⇍ᾏ㤿 ṑ≧ᅇ(iDG)ࡀ⏕ࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࢆሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ୍᪉ࠊ㔝⏕ᆺ࣐࢘ࢫᑐࡋ࡚ࠊᢠ࠺ࡘ⸆ࡢ៏ᛶᢞࡸ⬻㟁ᧁࢩࣙࢵࢡࢆ ฎ⨨ࡍࡿࠊiDG ࡀ⏕ࡌࡿࡇࢆ࠶ࡁࡽࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢࡇࡼࡾࠊiDG ࡢேᕤⓗ࡞ṇᖖㄏᑟࡀᐇ⌧࡛ࡁࢀࡤࠊ ⤫ྜኻㄪࠊᴟᛶẼศ㞀ᐖࠊ࠺ࡘ࡞ࡢ⢭⚄ᝈࡢ⒪ἲ⤖ࡧࡘࡃࡇࡀᮇᚅ࡛ࡁࡿࠋᖺᗘᘬࡁ⥆ࡁࠊಶయᩘ ࢆ㏣ຍࡋࠊᢠ࠺ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿࣇࣝ࢜࢟ࢭࢳࣥ(FLX)ࡢᨺฟ࣌ࣞࢵࢺࢆ⓶ୗᇙࡵ㎸ࡳࠊ4 㐌㛫ᚋ⬻ࢆᅛᐃࡋ࡚⤌⧊Ꮫⓗゎ ᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋFLX ᢞಶయ࠾࠸࡚ࠊṑ≧ᅇ㢛⢏⣽⬊ࡢ⬺ᡂ⇍ࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋࡉࡽࠊ⬻⓶㉁ࡢ๓㢌๓㔝࠾࠸࡚ࠊ FLX ࡼࡗ࡚᪂ࡋ࠸⚄⤒⣽⬊ࡀ⏘⏕ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࢆぢฟࡋࡓࠋ௨ୖࡢ⤖ᯝࡣࠊFLX ᢞࡼࡗ࡚⏕ࡌࡿṑ≧ᅇ㢛⢏⣽ ⬊ࡢ⬺ᡂ⇍ࡸ⬻⓶㉁ࡢ⚄⤒᪂⏕ࡀᢠ࠺ࡘຠᯝࢆᢸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࢆ♧၀ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᚋࡣࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢᡂᯝࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ ᏛⓎ⾲ࡸㄽᩥࡋ࡚ࡲࡵࡓ࠸ࠋ B-45 ࢡࣟࣜࣥ e6 ࡢ㏫⾜ᛶ㍺㏦ගᛂࡼࡿᢞᑕ㑅ᢥⓗ⚄⤒◚ቯἲࡢ㛤Ⓨ ⧴⧭㍜㸦⏕⌮◊࣭⏕యࢩࢫࢸ࣒㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸ᐑᆅ㔜ᘯ ගάᛶ≀㉁࡛࠶ࡿࢡࣟࣜࣥ e6(Ce6)ࢆ⏝ࡋࡓᢞᑕ㑅ᢥⓗ⚄⤒⤒㊰ࡢ◚ቯᢏ⾡ࡢ☜❧ࢆ┠ᣦࡋࠊᖺᗘࡢඹྠ⏝◊✲ ࡛⾜ࡗࡓࠊ㐠ື๓㔝ࡽ୍ḟ㐠ື㔝(M1)ᢞᑕࡍࡿࢽ࣮ࣗࣟࣥࡢ㑅ᢥⓗ◚ቯຍ࠼࡚ࠊ㢌㡬㐃ྜ㔝ࡽ M1 ᢞᑕࡍࡿ ࢽ࣮ࣗࣟࣥࡢ㑅ᢥⓗ◚ቯࢆヨࡳࡓࠋࡲࡎࠊ⓶㉁ෆᚤᑠ่⃭ࢆ⾜࠸㟁Ẽ⏕⌮Ꮫⓗ M1 ࡢ๓⫥㡿ᇦࢆྠᐃࡋࠊ㏫⾜ᛶ㍺㏦ ≀㉁࡛࠶ࡿࢹ࢟ࢫࢺࣛࣥ Ce6 ࢆ⤖ྜࡋࡓࡶࡢࢆὀධࡋࡓࠋ㸯ࣨ᭶ᚋࠊ༑ศࢹ࢟ࢫࢺࣛࣥCe6 ࡀ㏫⾜ᛶ㍺㏦ࡉࢀࡓᚋ ࠊM1 ๓⫥㡿ᇦᢞᑕࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㐠ື๓㔝⫼ഃ㒊ࠊ࠾ࡼࡧ㢌㡬㛫⁁⫼ഃ㒊㏆㉥እගࢆ↷ᑕࡋࡓࠋ⣽⬊యෆ✚ࡋࡓ Ce6 ࡣග↷ᑕࡼࡾάᛶࡋ࡚ࠊάᛶ㓟⣲ࡢ୍✀࡛࠶ࡿ୍㔜㡯㓟⣲ࢆⓎ⏕ࡍࡿࠋ୍㔜㡯㓟⣲ࡣ⣽⬊ࡢ࣏ࢺ࣮ࢩࢫࢆㄏ ᑟࡋࠊ⤖ᯝࡋ࡚ Ce6 ࢆ⣽⬊యෆᣢࡘᢞᑕࢽ࣮ࣗࣟࣥࡔࡅࢆ㑅ᢥⓗ◚ቯࡍࡿࠋᐇ㦂⤊ᚋࠊ⬻ษ∦ࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࡇ ࢁࠊࢹ࢟ࢫࢺࣛࣥCe6 ࡣᢞᑕඖ⓶㉁ෆࡢ➨ 3 ᒙ➨ 5 ᒙ㏫⾜ᛶ㍺㏦ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࢆ⤌⧊Ꮫⓗ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋ௨ୖࡢࡼ ࠺ࠊᢞᑕ㑅ᢥⓗ⚄⤒⤒㊰ࡢ◚ቯᚲせ࡞ᢏ⾡ࢆ⋓ᚓ࡛ࡁࡓ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋᚋࡣ㑅ᢥⓗ◚ቯࡢຠ⋡ࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚࠸ࡁ ࡓ࠸ࠋ B-46 ⊃㰯⊷㢮ࡢ⮻ṑෆ㒊ᙧ≧ࡢẚ㍑ศᯒ Ἑ㔝♩Ꮚ㸦⛉༤࣭ே㢮㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸㧗ṇᡂ ⌧⏕ࡢࣄࢺࡸᆺ㢮ே⊷ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ⮻ṑ୕ḟඖᙧ≧ࢆヲ⣽ศᯒࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࠊ࢚ࢼ࣓ࣝ㉁ࡢཌࡉศᕸࡢ≉ᚩࡀࠊྛ ✀ࡢ㣗ᛶᛂࡌࡓ㐺ᛂⓗ࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡀࡇࢀࡲ࡛᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏ◊✲ࡣ⊃㰯⊷㢮ࡢࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞✀㢮ࡘ ࠸࡚ࠊ⮻ṑ୕ḟඖෆ㒊ᙧ≧ࢆศᯒࡍࡿࡇࡼࡾࠊ▼㈨ᩱࡢ⣔⤫ⓗ⨨࡙ࡅࡸࠊᶵ⬟ⓗ≉ᚩࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࡇࢆ┠ᣦ ࡋ࡚ᐇࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏᖺࡣ୰ᅜ⏘ࡢ▼㢮ே⊷ࠊࢠ࢞ࣥࢺࣆࢸࢡࢫ⮻ṑ㈨ᩱࡘ࠸࡚ࠊศᯒࡢ⤖ᯝࢆㄽᩥⓎ⾲ࡋࡓࠋ ࢠ࢞ࣥࢺࣆࢸࢡࢫ⮻ṑࡣ࢚ࢼ࣓ࣝ㉁ࡢศ㔞ࡀ⤯ᑐⓗከ࠸ࡀࠊṑࡢࡁࡉ࡛ᶆ‽ࡍࡿ࣭࣍ࣔࢧࣆ࢚ࣥࢫྠ⛬ᗘ ࡢཌࡉ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࠊࡲࡓ㧗࠸ṑෙࡢ୰࡛ࡶညྜ㠃㏆≉ศཌࡃ࢚ࢼ࣓ࣝ㉁ࡀศᕸࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊྠࡌࡼ࠺࢚ࢼ࣓ࣝ㉁ ࡢཌ࠸▼ே㢮ࡸ㣗ᛶࡢ㢮ఝᛶࡀࡋࡤࡋࡤᥦࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࢪࣕࣥࢺࣃࣥࢲࡢ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ␗࡞ࡿ㣗ᛶࡢ㐺ᛂࢆ㐙ࡆ ࡓྍ⬟ᛶࢆㄽࡌࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ୰ᅜ༡㒊࣭ᗈす⏘ࡢࢧࣝ▼㈨ᩱࡢ✀ᵓᡂ࣭ኚ㑄ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢㄽᩥⓎ⾲ࡶཧຍࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢ㈨ ᩱࡢ୍㒊ࡢᶆᮏࡘ࠸࡚࣐ࢡࣟ CT ᙳࢆᐇࡋࠊ✀ྠᐃࡢุ᩿ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊෆ㒊ᙧ≧ࡢሗࢆྜࢃࡏ࡚ࡉࡽ᳨ウࢆ㐍 ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ Kono RT, Zhang Y, Jin C, Takai M, Suwa G (2014) A 3-dimensional assessment of molar enamel thickness and distribution pattern in Gigantopithecus blacki. Quaternary International, DOI: 10.1016/j.quaint.2014.02.012. Takai M, Zhang Y, Kono RT, Jin C (2014) Changes in the composition of the Pleistocene primate fauna in southern China. Quaternary International,DOI: 10.1016/j.quaint.2014.02.021. 㧙㧙 B-47 ୗ༙ᓥ⬥㔝ἑ࠾ࡅࡿ㔝⏕ࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢಶయ⩌ືែἲ㠃⏝ࡢ㛵ಀ ᯇᒸྐᮁ㸪୰ᒣ⿱⌮㸦ୗ༙ᓥࡢࢧࣝㄪᰝ㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸ྂᕷ๛ྐ 2012 ᖺ 81 +Ș㢌ࡔࡗࡓ 87 ⩌ࡣࠊࡑࡢᚋࡋࡤࡋࡤࢧࣈࢢ࣮ࣝࣆࣥࢢࡋࠊ2013 ᖺ 2 ᭶௨㝆 2 ࡘࡢࢧࣈࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ(87A ⩌ 87B ⩌ࡍࡿ)ࡢ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮ࡀᅛᐃࡋࡓࠋ2012 ᖺ 12 ᭶ 2013 ᖺ 5 ᭶ࡢ㛫ࠊ࢜ࢺࢼܲ1 㢌ࠊ0 ṓ 3 㢌ࠊ1 ṓ 11 㢌ࠊ2 ṓ 3 㢌ࠊ 3 ṓܲ2 㢌ࠊ4 ṓܴ1 㢌 5 ṓܴ2 㢌ࡀ⾜᪉᫂࡞ࡾࠊ2013 ᖺ 3 ᭶ୗ᪪ࡣ 1 ṓ 1 㢌ࡢ㢌㦵ࢆⓎぢࡋࡓࠋ⤖ᯝࡋ࡚ 87 ⩌ ⏤᮶ࡢ 2 ⩌ࡢྜィᩘࡣ 68 㢌(A ⩌ 45 㢌(㉥ࢇᆓ 5 㢌)ࠊB ⩌ 23 㢌(ྠ 2 㢌))ῶᑡࡋࡓࠋࢧࣈࢢ࣮ࣝࣆࣥࢢࡢ㝿 0㹼3 ṓࡢ Ꮚࡶࡀぶ㞳ࢀࡿࡇࡀࡋࡤࡋࡤほᐹࡉࢀࠊ87 ⩌࡛ࡣከᩘಶయࡢྠᾘኻࡢ๓ࡀ࡞ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࠊ⩌ࢀࡢศࡀࡇࡢ ከᩘಶయᾘኻ௳ఱࡽࡢᙳ㡪ࢆ࠼࡚࠸ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀࢃࢀࡿࠋศᚋࡢฟ⏘⋡㉥ࢇᆓࡢṚஸ⋡ࡣࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࠊA ⩌ 50㸣ࠊ38㸣ࠊB ⩌ 22㸣ࠊ0%ࠊศ๓ᕪ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺ࡔࡗࡓࠋ2013 ᖺࡢほᐹ࡛ࡣ 2 ⩌ࡶศ๓ࡢ㐟ືᇦࢆ⏝ࡋࠊ㐟 ືᇦࡢศ࣭⦰ᑠࡣ࡞ࡗࡓࠋA ⩌ࡢἲ㠃ᅾ㛫ࡣ 18㸣๓ᖺᗘ(17㸣)ྠᵝ㧗ࡗࡓࠋ B-48 ࢸࢼ࢞ࢨࣝ㸦Hylobates㸧ࡢ≟ṑࡢẚ㍑ᙧែᏛⓗ◊✲㸸࣌ᆺ♫ࢆᨭᣢࡍࡿࡢ㸽 ᒣ⏣༤அ㸦ឡ▱Ꮫ㝔࣭ṑᏛ㒊㸧㸪ΎỈ㍜㸦ி࣭⌮Ꮫ◊✲⛉㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸℈⏣✨ ᑠᆺ㢮ே⊷ࢩࣟࢸࢸࢼ࢞ࢨࣝ(Hylobates lar)ࡘ࠸࡚≟ṑᙧែࡢヲ⣽࡞グ㍕ࡁࡉࡢᛶⓗᆺᛶࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࡇ ࢆ┠ⓗ◊✲ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࢸࢼ࢞ࢨࣝࡢ≟ṑࡣᚑ᮶࠸ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺ᛶⓗᆺᛶࡀᑠࡉࡃࠊ㞤㞝㛫࡛ᙧែࡀ㠀ᖖࡼࡃఝ ࡚࠸ࡿࠋṑෙ㢋ഃ㠃ࡢᴫᙧࡣୖ㢡≟ṑ࡛ࢧ࣮࣋ࣝᙧࠊୗ㢡≟ṑࡣṇᅄ㎶ᙧࢆ࿊ࡍࡿࠋ࢜ࢫ㍑࡚࣓ࢫࡢᙧែ≉ᚩࢆᣲ ࡆࡿࠊ1)ࢧࢬࡀᑠࡉ࠸ࠊ2)ṑෙᾋ᙮ീࡢⓎ㐩ࡀᙅࡃࠊయࡳࢆᖏࡧ࡚࠸ࡿࠊ3)ୗ㢡≟ṑࡢ㏆ᚰ shoulder ࡢ⨨ࡀ ┦ᑐⓗᑤ㢌ᐤࡾ࠶ࡿࠊ4)ṑ㢁㝯⥺ࡀࡼࡃⓎ㐩ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋṑෙࢧࢬࡼࡿ≟ṑࡢᛶᕪ࡛ࡣࠊୖ㺃ୗ㢡ࡢṑෙᇶᗏ㒊ࡢ ࢧࢬࡸṑෙ㧗࡛࢜ࢫࡢ᪉ࡀ᭷ពࡁ࠸ࠋ୍᪉ࠊୗ㢡≟ṑ࡛ࡣṑෙ㏆㐲ᚰᚄᑐࡍࡿṑ㢁㒊࢚ࢼ࣓ࣝ㉁ࡢཌࡉࡣ࣓ࢫࡢ ᪉ࡀ᭷ពࡁࡃࠊᙉ࠸ᛶᕪࢆ♧ࡍࠋṑෙࡢ㧗ᚄࠊࡃୗ㢡≟ṑࡢᑤ㢌ࡽ㏆ᚰ shoulder ࡲ࡛ࡢ㊥㞳ࡀ᭱ࡶᙉ࠸ᛶᕪࢆ ♧ࡍࠋ≟ṑࡢᙧែࡸࢧࢬᛶⓗᆺࡀࡳࡽࢀࡿࡇࡣ࣌♫ࢆᵓᡂࡍࡿࢸࢼ࢞ࢨ࡛ࣝࡶ࠶ࡿ⛬ᗘ㞤㞝ࡢ㐪࠸ࡀࡁࡉ ࡸᙧࡶᏑᅾࡍࡿࡇࢆ♧ࡍࠋ B-49 ẚẆゎ๗Ꮫᇶ࡙ࡃయᖿ-ୖ⫥⛣⾜㡿ᇦࡢᙧែᏛⓗ≉ᚩ ⥳ᕝἋ⧊㸦ᇸ⋢་࣭㝔་㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸ᖹ㷂㗦▮ ࣄࢺࢆࡣࡌࡵࡍࡿ့ங㢮ࡢ⭎⚄⤒ྀࠊ≉ෆഃୖ⭎⓶⚄⤒(Cbm)⫘㛫ୖ⭎⚄⤒(Icb)ࡢ㉳ጞ㺃⤒㊰㺃ศᕸὀ┠ࡋࠊ ⫗║ゎ๗Ꮫⓗヲ⣽࡞ㄪᰝࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ ࣄࢺ࠾࠸࡚Cbmࡣࠊෆഃ⚄⤒᮰ࡢ⫼ഃᒙᡤᒓࡋࠊ➨2⫘㛫እഃ⓶ᯞ(Rclϩ)࿀ྜࡋࡓᚋୖ⭎ෆഃࡽᚋ㠃ࡲࢃ ࡾࠊୖ⭎ᚋ㠃ࡽ⫝㢌ࡲ࡛ࡢ⓶ศᕸࡍࡿࠋ࡞࠾ࠊCbmࡣࣄࢺࡸ୍㒊ࡢ㢮ே⊷㝈ࡗ࡚ฟ⌧ࡋࠊCbmࢆᣢࡓ࡞࠸✀ ࠾࠸࡚ࡣIcbࡀࡑࡢศᕸ㡿ᇦࢆ⿵࠺(┦ᒣࠊ1968)ࠋ ᡃࠎࡣࠊ࢝ࢽࢡࢨࣝࣈࢱ⫾࠾࠸࡚CbmIcbࡢ㉳ጞ࣭⤒㊰࣭ศᕸࢆヲ⣽ほᐹࡋࠊCbmIcb௦ൾ㛵ಀࡀᏑ ᅾࡍࡿࡇࠊࡲࡓ⚄⤒ࡢᵓᡂศ⠇ᕪ␗ࡀ⏕ࡌࡿࡇࢆ᫂ࡽࡋࡓ(⥳ᕝࠊ2012)ࠋࡉࡽࠊࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᕪ␗ࡀ✀ẖ ࡢ㐠ືᵝᘧࡢᕪ␗కࡗ࡚ኚࡍࡿ⬚㒌⫪⏥㦵ࡢ⨨㛵ಀᙳ㡪ࡉࢀࡿྍ⬟ᛶࢆᣦࡋࡓ(⥳ᕝࠊ2012)ࠋᅇࡣࠊ 㐠ືᵝᘧࡀࣄࢺ࣐࢝ࢡࡢ୰㛫┦ᙜࡍࡿ㢮ே⊷ࠊࢳࣥࣃࣥࢪ࣮ࡢ⭎⚄⤒ྀࡘ࠸࡚⫗║ゎ๗Ꮫⓗ࡞ほᐹࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ ࢳࣥࣃࣥࢪ࣮ࡢ⭎⚄⤒ྀ࡛ࡣࠊෆഃ⚄⤒᮰ࡢ⫼ഃࡼࡾศᒱࡋࠊୖ⭎ື㟼⬦ࡢ⫼ഃࢆ㏻ࡾୖ⭎ෆഃศᕸࡍࡿ⓶⚄⤒ (Cbm)ࡀほᐹࡉࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊRclϩࡢᚋᯞࡀIcbࡋ࡚ୖ⭎ෆഃศᕸࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ௨ୖࡼࡾࠊࢳࣥࣃࣥࢪ࣮ࡢCbmࠊIcbࡣ ࣄࢺ㏆࠸ᡤぢࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓࠋ B-50㟋㛗㢮࠾ࡅࡿ⚄⤒ᰤ㣴ᅉᏊࡢ⢭⚄ᶵ⬟Ⓨ㐩࠼ࡿᙳ㡪 㑣Ἴᏹஅ㸪㞴Ἴᑑ᫂㸦᪂₲࣭⬻◊࣭ศᏊ⚄⤒⏕≀㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸୰ᮧඞᶞ ࣐࣮ࣔࢭࢵࢺࡣ♫⾜ືᛶࡢ㧗࠸㟋㛗㢮࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡲࡓࡢ㟋㛗㢮ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚ࡑࡢᡂ㛗ࡶ᪩ࡃࠊ⚄⤒Ⓨ㐩㞀ᐖࢆᅉࡍ ࡿ⤫ྜኻㄪ࡞ࡢࣄࢺ⢭⚄ᝈࢆࣔࢹࣝࡍࡿࡣᡴࡗ࡚ࡘࡅࡢ㟋㛗㢮࡛࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋඹྠ◊✲⪅ࡽࡣࠊࢧࢺ ࢝ࣥࡼࡿ⬻Ⓨ㐩㞀ᐖ࡞ࡽࡧࡑࡢ⢭⚄ᝈࡢᐤࢆ୰ᚰ◊✲ࡋ ከࡃࡢᐇ⦼ࢆ࠶ࡆ࡚ࡁࡓࠋᐇ㝿ࠊ᪂⏕࣐࢘ࢫ ࡢ⓶ୗ⚄⤒ᰤ㣴ᛶࢧࢺ࡛࢝ࣥ࠶ࡿୖ⓶ᡂ㛗ᅉᏊ(EGF)ࡸࢽ࣮ࣗࣞࢢࣜࣥ 1 ࡞ࢆᢞࡍࡿࡇ࡛ࠊ⤫ྜኻㄪࡢࣔ ࢹࣝࢆసᡂࡍࡿࡇᡂຌࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ᭱㏆࡛ࡣࠊ࢝ࢽࢡࢨࣝ᪂⏕ඣࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊྠᵝࡢᐇ㦂ࢆ 8 ᖺΏࡾᐇࡋࠊ ᮏࢧࢺ࢝ࣥ⤫ྜኻㄪࣔࢹࣝ࠾ࡅࡿ㟋㛗㢮ࡢ㐺⏝ྍ⬟ᛶࡶሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ 2010 ᖺࡣࠊ࣐࣮ࣔࢭࢵࢺ᪂⏕ඣࡢ㹃㹅㹄ᢞࢆᐇࠊ2011 ᖺࡣዷፎ 9㹼11 㐌ዷፎ 12㹼14 㐌ࡢ࣐࣮ࣔࢭࢵࢺẕ య࡚ EGF ᢞࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ⌧ᅾࠊࡑࡢ⏘Ꮚࡢ⾜ືⓎ㐩ࢆほᐹࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࢁ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㹃㹅㹄ᢞࢆ⓶ୗᢞࡉࢀࡓ࣐࣮ࣔ ࢭࢵࢺ᪂⏕ඣࡣࠊᛮᮇࢆ㉸࠼ࠊ┠࠶ࢃࡏ࡞ࡢ⾜ືኚࡀほᐹࡉࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡗ࡚᮶࡚࠸࡚ࠊ⌧ᅾࠊࡑࡢᐃ㔞ࢆヨࡳ ࡚࠸ࡿࠋዷፎẕయࡢ EGF ᢞື≀ࡢ⏘Ꮚࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊࡇࢀࡽᛮ⛅ᮇࢆ㏄࠼ࡿᮇ࡞ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊὀព῝ࡃࡑࡢ⾜ືࢆ ほᐹࡍࡿணᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ B-51 ࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝ࠾ࡅࡿࢧࣝ T ⣽⬊ⓑ⾑࢘ࣝࢫࡢືែࡢゎᯒ࣭ච⒪ ᯇᒸ㞞㞝㸪ᏳỌ⣧୍ᮁ㸪୕ᾆᮍ▱㸪Ⳣ⏣ㅬ㸪⏣㑓㡰Ꮚ㸦ி㒔࣭࢘ࣝࢫ◊㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸᫂㔛ᏹᩥ 㟋㛗㢮◊✲ᡤ࡚㣫⫱୰ࡢࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢ 6 ࡣ STLV-1 ឤᰁࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢᮎᲈ⾑ࢆゎᯒࡋࠊCD4 㝧ᛶ T ࣜࣥࣃ ⌫ඃ STLV-1 ࡀឤᰁࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࠊࣉࣟ࢘ࣝࢫ㔞ࡣࡁ࡞ಶయᕪࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ(0.001%ࡽ 53%)ࡀุ᫂ࡋࡓࠋḟୡ ௦ࢩ࣮ࢡ࢚ࣥࢧ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓឤᰁ⣽⬊ࢡ࣮ࣟࢼࣜࢸࡢゎᯒࡼࡾࠊࣉࣟ࢘ࣝࢫ㔞ࡀ㧗࠸ಶయ࡛ࡣឤᰁ⣽⬊ࡢࢡ࣮ࣟࢼࣝ ࡞ቑṪࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࠊ⤌⧊ࡼࡾࢡ࣮ࣟࢼࣜࢸࡢࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡀ␗࡞ࡿࡇࡀุ᫂ࡋࡓࠋSTLV-1 ⏤᮶ࡢ Tax ࠾ࡼࡧ STLV-1 bZIP 㧙㧙 factor(SBZ)ࡣ HTLV-1 ࡢ TaxࠊHTLV-1 bZIP factor(HBZ)ྠ➼ࡢᶵ⬟ࢆ᭷ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊSTLV-1 ឤᰁࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡣ HTLV-1 ឤ ᰁ⪅ែࡀ㢮ఝࡍࡿ᭷⏝࡞㟋㛗㢮ࣔࢹ࡛ࣝ࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋᐇ㝿ࠊSTLV-1 ឤᰁࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝᢠ CCR4 ᢠయᢞࡋ ࡓࡇࢁࠊ㏿ࡸ࡞ឤᰁ⣽⬊ࡢῶᑡࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࠊ↓ೃᛶ HTLV-1 ࢟ࣕࣜᑐࡍࡿ᪂ࡋ࠸Ⓨண㜵ἲ㛤Ⓨ㈉⊩ࡍࡿ⤖ ᯝࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢᡂᯝࡣᅜ㝿ㄅ Retrovirology ᥖ㍕ࡉࢀࡓ(Miura M, et al. Retrovirology, 10; 118, 2013.)ࠋ⌧ᅾࠊࡇࡢ ࣔࢹࣝࢆ⏝࠸࡚᪂つච⒪ἲࡢ㛤Ⓨࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ B-52 㑇ఏᏊศᯒࢆ⏝ࡋࡓ㣫⫱ୗࡢ࣡࢜࢟ࢶࢿࢨࣝࡢ∗⣔ุᐃ㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ బ⸨ⓒᜨ㸪୰ᑿộⳀ㸪㧗ᮌᖾᜨ㸦㸦㈈㸧᪥ᮏ࣮ࣔࣥ࢟ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸ᕝᮏⰾ 2012 ᖺᗘࡢ◊✲࡛ᛶᡂ⇍㞝 14 ಶయࡘ࠸࡚㑇ఏᏊከᆺࡢ㐪࠸ࡀࡳࡽࢀࡓ࣐ࢡࣟࢧࢸࣛࢺ DNA ࣐࣮࣮࢝ࡢ࠺ࡕ Lc5ࠊ Lc6ࠊLc8ࠊ69HDZ091ࠊ69HDZ208ࠊ69HDZ035 ࡢ 6 ࡘࡢྛ࣐࣮࣮࢝ࠊゎᯒ⤖ᯝࡢἼᙧࡀㄞࡳࡸࡍࡃ࡞ࡿࡼ࠺ࢸ࣮ࣝ㓄ิ GTTCTT ࢆ⤌ࡳ㎸ࡳࠊ᪥ᮏ࣮ࣔࣥ࢟ࢭࣥࢱ࣮(JMC)࡛㣫⫱ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ 85 㢌ࡢ࣡࢜࢟ࢶࢿࢨࣝࡢ࠺ࡕࠊ1 ࢥࣟࢽ࣮(23 ಶయ) ࡘ࠸࡚∗Ꮚุᐃࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᙜึࡣ࣡࢜࢟ࢶࢿࢨࣝࡢయẟࡽ㑇ఏᏊศᯒࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡓࡀࠊ㏵୰࡛ DNA ࡢ⋡ࡀపࡃゎ ᯒᅔ㞴࡞ಶయࡀቑຍࡋࡓࡓࡵࠊࢧࣥࣉࣜࣥࢢࡢ᪉ἲࢆぢ┤ࡋࡓࠋᶔ㢮ࡢ⣽࠸ᯞࢆ 10㹡㹫⛬ᗘࡢ㛗ࡉษࡾඛ༑Ꮠࡢษ ࡾ㎸ࡳࢆධࢀࠊࡑࡇⴠⰼ⏕➼ࡢ㣵ࢆᣳࡳ㎸ࡳᑐ㇟ಶయ㱎ࡽࡏࡓࠋࡑࢀࢆ⁐ゎ⦆⾪ᾮධࡾࡢࢳ࣮ࣗࣈ┤᥋ᾐࡋࡓࡶࡢ ࡽཱྀෆ⣽⬊⏤᮶ࡢ DNA ࢆㄪ〇ࡋࡓࠋ23 ಶయࡢ㑇ఏᏊᆺศᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࡇࢁࠊᏳᐃࡋ࡚⤖ᯝࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓࠋ2011㹼2013 ᖺࡢ㛫ฟ⏕ࡋࡓ 9 ಶయࡘ࠸ุ࡚ᐃࡋࡓࡇࢁࠊྠࢥࣟࢽ࣮ࡢᛶᡂ⇍㞝 4 㢌ࡢ࠺ࡕ 2 㢌ࡀ∗ぶ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀุ᫂ ࡋࡓࠋᚋࡣࠊࡲࡔゎᯒࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡢࢥࣟࢽ࣮ࡢಶయࢆゎᯒࡋ JMC ࡛ฟ⏕ࡋࡓಶయࡘ࠸࡚∗ぶࢆ≉ᐃࡋࠊᐙ⣔ᅗࢆ సᡂࡋࡓ࠺࠼࡛ࠊ㏆ಀᩘࡸ⾜ືほᐹࢹ࣮ࢱࡢẚ㍑ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡃணᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ B-53 Morphological correlates of a behavioral propensity for tool use in primates: a comparative macaque model. Charmalie AD Nahallage 㸦University Sri Jayewardenepura㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸Michael A Huffman Previous research has analyzed the dimensions of the metacarpal of chimpanzees, Olduvan hominids and humans to make a case for determining the dexterity of fossil hominids. Our study attempts to extend this comparative focus to monkey species with known propensities for fine precision grip of objects. We chose the Japanese macaque based on our field studies of stone handling behavior, which demonstrate great manual dexterity in the manipulation of stones using grips similar to chimpanzees and humans. A total of 100 Japanese macaque metacarpals (50 males and 50 females) were selected from the Primate Research Institute’s skeletal collection. We measured the pollical metacarpal head breadth and the length of the pollical bone. While analysis is still underway, the index derived from the ratio of these measurements place the Japanese macaque well within the range of humans and chimpanzees with regards to dexterity. The next step is to obtain measurements from the metacarpal of capuchin monkeys, a Neo-tropical species also well known for its ability to use stone tools for the processing of hard nuts, similarly to chimpanzees in Western Africa. B-54 㟋㛗㢮࠾ࡅࡿ࢚ࣆࢤࣀ࣒㐍ࡢゎ᫂ ୍ᰗྖ㸪బࠎᮌ⿱அ㸪⚟⏣㸦ᕞ࣭⏕་◊㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸ၨ㞝 ᡃࠎࡣ㟋㛗㢮࠾ࡅࡿࢤࣀ࣒㐍࢚ࣆࢤࣀ࣒㐍ࡢ㛵ಀࢆゎ᫂ࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊࣄࢺࠊࢳࣥࣃࣥࢪ࣮(㟋㛗㢮◊✲ᡤࡢ㣫⫱ ಶయ)ࠊࢦࣜࣛ࠾ࡼࡧ࣮࢜ࣛࣥ࢘ࢱࣥࡢᮎᲈⓑ⾑⌫ࡢ DNA ࣓ࢳࣝẚ㍑◊✲ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊCTCF ࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁ࡢ⤖ྜ㓄ิࡢฟ⌧࣭ ᾘኻࡸ࣐ࢡࣟࢧࢸࣛࢺ㓄ิࡢᑠࡉ࡞ኚࡼࡗ࡚ࠊDNA ࣓ࢳࣝ≧ែࡀኚࡋࠊ㌿≧ែᙳ㡪ࢆ࠼࡚࠸ࡿࡇ ࢆୡ⏺࡛ึࡵ࡚♧ࡋࡓ(Fukuda et al. 2013, J. Human Genet.58:446-454)ࠋ ᮏᖺᗘࡣ GAIN ࡼࡾࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝ⢭Ꮚࢧࣥࣉࣝࢆ౪㡬ࡁࠊࣄࢺࠊࢳࣥࣃࣥࢪ࣮ࠊࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢ⢭Ꮚ࣓ࢳࣝ≧ែࢆࢤࣀ ࣒࣡ࢻẚ㍑ゎᯒࡋࡓࠋ⯆῝࠸ࡇࠊࣄࢺ≉␗ⓗࡁ࡞ప࣓ࢳࣝ㡿ᇦ(ᩘ༑ kb ௨ୖ)ࡀከᩘฟ⌧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡇ ࢀࡽࡢ㡿ᇦࡣ᰾⭷⤖ྜ㡿ᇦከࡃࠊࢥࣆ࣮ᩘከᆺ࡞ࣄࢺ㞟ᅋෆ࡛ࡢࢤࣀ࣒ᵓ㐀ከᆺࡀぢࡽࢀࡿ㡿ᇦ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ୍᪉ࠊ ᑠࡉ࡞㡿ᇦ(1kb ௨ୗ)ࡢ࣓ࢳࣝኚࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊCTCF ࡞ࡢ㌿ᅉᏊࡢ⤖ྜ㓄ิኚຍ࠼ࠊSVA ࡸ Alu ࠸ࡗࡓࣞ ࢺࣟࢺࣛࣥࢫ࣏ࢰࣥࡢ✀≉␗ⓗ࡞ᤄධࡼࡾࠊ࿘㎶ࡢ࢚ࣆࢪ࢙ࢿࢸࢵࢡ≧ែࡀኚࡍࡿࡇࢆ᫂ࡽࡋࡓࠋ B-56 㟋㛗㢮ࡢ๓⫥ᖏ㦵᱁ࡢྍືᇦゎᯒ ຍ㈡㇂⨾ᖾ㸦ᗈᓥ࣭་ṑ⸆ಖ㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸℈⏣✨ ⫪㛵⠇ࡣࠊ๓⫥ᖏ(⫪⏥㦵㙐㦵ࠊ➽⩌)ᨭ࠼ࡽࢀ࡚⬚㒌ୖ࡛⨨ࢆࡉࡲࡊࡲኚ࠼ࡿࠋ๓⫥ࡢᣲୖక࠸๓⫥ᖏ㦵᱁ ࡣࡢࡼ࠺࡞⨨ࢆࡿࠊࡑࡢྍື⠊ᅖ㦵᱁ᙧែࡢ㛵ಀࢆศᯒࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊ㟋㛗㢮◊✲ᡤࡢࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝ(11 ಶయ) ࢝ࢤࢨࣝ(3 ಶయ)ࡢᡂయࢆ㯞㓉ࡋィ ࡋࡓࠋ୕ḟඖࢹࢪࢱࢨࡼࡾࠊཷືⓗ࡞ᣲୖࡸຊࢆຍ࠼࡞࠸⮬↛࠾ࡅࡿ⫪ ⏥㦵ࡢෆഃ⦕ࡸ⫪⏥Ჲࠊ㙐㦵ࠊ⬚㦵ࠊୖ⭎㦵ࡢୖ㢛ࠊ⬨ᰕ࡞ࡢ୕ḟඖᗙᶆࢆయ⾲ࡽྲྀᚓࡋࡓࠋ⨨ࢆ๓ᖺᗘࡽᨵⰋ ࡋࠊ⿕㦂యࢆ 30 ᗘഴᩳࡢ⭡ᙜ࡚ࡁᗙ㠃๓ഴ࡛ᗙࡽࡏࠊ⭎ࢆ௵ពࡢ⨨࡛ᅛᐃࡍࡿࢡࣛࣥࣉࢆࢫࣛࢻᘧᨭ࠼ࡿ⮬ ❧ᘧࣇ࣮࣒ࣞࢆไసࡋࡓࠋ๓᪉࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣഃ᪉⭎ࢆᣲୖࡍࡿሙྜࠊࣄࢺ࡛ࡣ⫪⏥㦵ࡀୖ᪉ᅇ᪕ࡋ࡚㛵⠇❐ࢆ㢌ഃྥࡅࡿ ࡀࠊ࣐࢝ࢡࢨ࡛ࣝࡣ⫪⏥㦵ࡀᅇ᪕ࡶ⬚㒌ࡢ⫼ഃ೫ࡋ࡚ෆഃ⦕ࡀ⬨ᰕࡢᲲ✺㉳ᖸ΅ࡋࠊࡲࡓࠊ⫪ୗ㢡ࡀ᥋ゐ ࡋ࡚ྍື⠊ᅖࢆไ⣙ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋୖグ⿕㦂యࡢ࠺ࡕ 4 ಶయࡢࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࢆ⫼⮩࡛ CT ᙳࡋࡓࡇࢁࠊ㙐㦵እഃ༙ࡢ⨨ ࡣ➨ 5㸫7 㢁᳝࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝࠊࣄࢺࡳࡽࢀࡿࡼࡾ㙐㦵ࡀᣲୖഴྥ࠶ࡾࠊ⫪⏥㦵ࡢୖ᪉ᅇ᪕ࡢྍື⠊ᅖࡀࡁࡃ࡞࠸ࡇࢆ ♧၀ࡋࡓࠋ B-57 ຍ㱋ኚ≉ᛶࢆ⪃៖࡛ࡁࡿࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢᅄ㊊Ṍ⾜ィ⟬ᶵࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥ 㛗㇂ᚨ㸪ᯘ♸୍㑻㸦㤳㒔࣭⌮ᕤ㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸ᖹ㷂㗦▮ ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࣔࢹࣝࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊ㟋㛗㢮ࡢ࢜ࢺࢼᮇ࠾ࡅࡿ➽࣭㦵᱁ࡢຍ㱋ኚࢆㄪࠊ㐠ື⬟ᑐࡍࡿࡑࢀ 㧙㧙 ࡽࡢᙳ㡪ࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢຊᏛⓗ࡞≉ᛶࢆ⪃៖࣭ᫎࡋᚓࡿᅄ㊊Ṍ⾜ࡢィ⟬ᶵࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࣔࢹࣝࡢᵓ ⠏ࢆヨࡳࡓࠋ㟋㛗㢮◊ࡼࡾᥦ౪ࢆཷࡅࡓࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢ࣮ࣔࢩࣙࣥ࢟ࣕࣉࢳࣕࢹ࣮ࢱࡸṌᐜࡢ≉ᚩࡢ▱ぢࢆཧ↷ࡋࠊ㐠ືไ ᚚࣔࢹࣝࡢᵓ⠏ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋලయⓗࡣࠊ㊊ඛࡢ㌶㐨ࢆࣃ࣓ࣛࢺࣜࢵࢡ⏕ᡂ࡛ࡁࡿ㛵ᩘࡢᑟධࠊᅄ⫥ࡢ㐠ື┦ࢆ㐺ᛂⓗ ኚ᭦ྍ⬟࡞┦ືᏊࡢᑟධࠊ㊊㒊ຊ㈇Ⲵᛂࡌࡓ㐠ື┦ㄪ⠇ᶵᵓࡢᑟධ࡞ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ㛵⠇ཷືᢠ࡞ࡢ㌟య ࡢ㦵᱁⣔ࡢຊᏛ≉ᛶࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ㟋㛗㢮◊ࡼࡾሗᥦ౪ࢆཷࡅࠊ15 ⠇ࠊ24 㛵⠇⮬⏤ᗘࡢຊᏛࣔࢹࣝࢆᵓ⠏ࡋࡓࠋࢩ࣑ࣗࣞ ࣮ࢩ࡛ࣙࣥࡣ㊊㒊ຊ࡞ྵࡵࠊࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢ≉ᚩࢆࡼࡃ⾲ࡍṌ⾜ᵝᘧࢆᐇ⌧࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ㌟యࡢ㔜ᚰ ⨨ᛂࡌ࡚ᅄ⫥ࡢ㐠ື┦ࢆ๓᪉ཫᆺᚋ᪉ཫᆺ㑄⛣ࡉࡏࡿࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࡶᡂຌࡋࠊ㌟యຊᏛ≉ᛶṌᐜ ࡢ㛵ಀࢆᮏࣔࢹ࡛ࣝศᯒ࡛ࡁࡿࡇࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊຍ㱋ኚ≉ᛶࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࡲࡔ༑ศࣔࢹ࡛ࣝࡁ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡇࢁ ࡶ࠶ࡾࠊᚋࡢㄢ㢟ࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ B-58 ୍༸ᛶከᏊࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢస〇ヨ㦂 እ♸㸪ಙΎ㯞Ꮚ㸦ᗈᓥ࣭N-BARD㸧㸪␊ᒣ↷ᙪ㸦ᗈᓥ࣭ᢏ⾡ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸ᒸᮏ᐀⿱ 㑇ఏⓗᆒ୍࡞㟋㛗㢮ಶయࢆᚓࡿᡭẁࡋ࡚ཷ⢭༸ศ㞳࠾ࡼࡧཷ⢭༸ࢡ࣮ࣟࣥᢏ⾡ࡼࡿ୍༸ᛶከᏊࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢస 〇ࢆ┠ᣦࡋࠊ㛵㐃ᢏ⾡ࡢ᳨ウࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᖺᗘᘬࡁ⥆ࡁࠊయእᡂ⇍༸Ꮚࡽࡢཷ⢭༸స〇ᡭẁࡋ࡚యእཷ⢭࣭㢧ᚤᤵ ⢭ࢆᐇࡋࡓࠋᑕฟ⢭Ꮚࢆ⏝࠸ࡓሙྜࡣཷ⢭༸ࡣᚓࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࡀࠊ⤒⓶ⓗ᥇ྲྀࡋࡓ⢭ᕢୖయ⢭Ꮚࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡛ 53㸣ࡢཷ⢭⋡ࡀᚓࡽࢀࠊཷ⢭༸ࡢ 38㸣ࡀ⬇┙⬊Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓࠋࡋࡋࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢ⢭Ꮚࢆ⤖ಖᏑࡋࡓᚋయእཷ⢭౪ヨ ࡋࡓሙྜ࡛ࡣࠊఱࢀࡶཷ⢭༸ࡣᚓࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀᑐࡋࠊ㢧ᚤᤵ⢭࡛ࡣ㧗⋡ཷ⢭༸ࢆస〇࡛ࡁࡓ(79㸣)ࡀࠊ⬇┙⬊ Ⓨ⏕ࡣప⋡(6㸣)࡛࠶ࡾࠊᡭἲᨵၿࡢవᆅࡀ࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢᢏ⾡ࢆᇶ┙ࡋ࡚ᚓࡽࢀࡓཷ⢭༸ࢆ⏝ ࠸࡚ศ㞳ヨ㦂ࢆᐇࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࠊ4 ศ㞳ࡋࡓሙྜ࡛ࡶ⬇┙⬊ࡲ࡛Ⓨ⏕ྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࡇࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋᚋࡣࠊࡼࡾヲ⣽࡞ࢹ࣮ ࢱࡢ㞟ࠊศ㞳⬇ࡽࡢಶయస〇ྲྀ⤌ࡴணᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ B-59 ࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝ⩌࠾ࡅࡿ㣗≀ᦤྲྀᰤ㣴≧ែ࠾ࡼࡧ⦾Ṫᡂ⦼ࡢ㛵ಀࡘ࠸࡚㸸ᖾᓥ⩌㧗ᓮᒣ⩌ࡢẚ㍑ ᰩ⏣༤அ㸦ศᕷᩍ⫱ጤဨ࣭ᩥ㈈ㄢ㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸℈⏣✨ ᖾᓥ࡛ࡢ┿ィ ࡼࡿయ㛗ィ ࡣࠊ7᭶ᐇࡋࠊ࣓ࢫ14ಶయࡘ࠸࡚ࢹ࣮ࢱ㞟ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ㧗ᓮᒣࡢ࣓ࢫ ᑐࡍࡿ┿ィ ἲࡼࡿయ㛗ィ ࡣࠊ9᭶ᐇࡋࠊ6ಶయࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ㞟ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡔ༑ศ࡞ࢹ࣮ࢱゎᯒࡣ⾜࠼࡚࠸࡞࠸ ࡀࠊᖾᓥ⩌࡛ࡣ≉20ṓ௨ୖࡢ㧗㱋ಶయࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࡀᑡ࡞ࡃࠊ2ಶయ⩌࡛ࡢ༑ศ࡞ẚ㍑ࡣᚋࡢㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡲࡓࠊࢧࣝࡢ㔜せ࡞⮬↛㣗≀࡛࠶ࡿࣛ࢝ࢩ࣭࣐ࢸࣂࢩ࣭࢘ࣛࢪࣟ࢞ࢩࡢሀᯝ⏕⏘㔞ࢆㄪᰝࡍࡿࡓࡵᖾᓥタ⨨ࡋ ࡓ4⟠ᡤࡢࢩ࣮ࢻࢺࣛࢵࣉࡽࡣࠊி㒔Ꮫ㔝⏕ື≀◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᖾᓥほᐹᡤᡤဨࡢ㠃ⓗ࡞༠ຊࡢୗ࡛ࠊ࢘ࣛࢪࣟ࢞ࢩ ࡢሀᯝ123ಶࣛ࢝ࢩࡢሀᯝ62ಶࢆᅇ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ୍᪉ࠊ㧗ᓮᒣタ⨨ࡋࡓ5⟠ᡤࡢࢩ࣮ࢻࢺࣛࢵࣉࡽࡣ102ಶࡢሀᯝࢆ ᅇࡋࡓࡀࠊⓏᒣ⪅ࡼࡿᛮࢃࢀࡿࢩ࣮ࢻࢺࣛࢵࣉࡢᶓಽࡋࡀ࠶ࡾࠊṇ☜࡞ⴠୗ㔞ㄪᰝࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ࡞࠾ࠊࢩ࣮ࢻ ࢺࣛࢵࣉࡼࡿㄪᰝ⤖ᯝࡢ୍㒊ࡣࠊ2013ᖺ12᭶Ⓨ⾜ࡢࠕ㟋㛗㢮◊✲ࠖࠕㄪᰝ࣭ᢏ⾡ሗ࿌ࠖࡋ࡚ࠊᥖ㍕ࡉࢀࡓ(29ᕳ55-61 㡫)ࠋ ࡲࡓࠊ2011ᖺᗘࡼࡾ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿᖾᓥ⩌࠾ࡅࡿ㣵⋓ᚓ㔞ㄪᰝࡣࠊᐇணᐃᮇ(10᭶ୗ᪪)ྎ㢼ࡢ᥋㏆ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡲࡓࠊ ู᪥⛬࡛ࡢㄪᰝࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊ2013ᖺᗘࡣᐇ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ B-60 㟋㛗㢮࠾ࡅࡿᠱᆶ㐠ືᶵᵓࡢᶵ⬟ᙧែᏛⓗゎᯒ ▼ඖ㸦᪥⋇࣭⋇་㸧㸪Ⲷཎ┤㐨㸦ᛂ࣭⌮ᕤ㸧㸪⳥ụὈᘯ㸦బ㈡࣭་㸧㸪ᑠ⸭㍜㸦ᮾி࣭༤≀㤋㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸Ụᮌ┤Ꮚ 㢮ே⊷ㄆࡵࡽࢀࡿᖜࡢᗈ࠸⬚㒌ࡸ⌫≧ࡢୖ⭎㦵㢌࠸ࡗࡓᙧែⓗ≉ᚩࡣࠊ 㢌㒊ࡼࡾୖ๓⫥ࢆᣲୖࡉࡏࡿᠱᆶ㐠ື 㛵㐃ࡀ῝࠸ࠋࡋࡋࠊ㢮ே⊷ࡢ࡞࡛ࡶᠱᆶ㐠ືࡢ✀㢮ࡸฟ⌧㢖ᗘࡁ࡞㐪࠸ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࠊᠱᆶ㐠ືࡢ㐺ᛂ୍ᵝ ⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᙧ㉁ࡶᙳ㡪ࢆ࠼ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ㏆ᖺࠊ㟋㛗㢮ࢆྵࡵࡓࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ື≀࠾࠸࡚ᩘ⌮ࣔࢹࣝࢆ⏝࠸ ࡓ◊✲ࡀ㐍ࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࣟࢥ࣮ࣔࢩࣙࣥ㐠ືჾࡢ㛵ಀࢆ◊✲ࡍࡿୖ࡛᭷⏝࡞ᡭἲ࡞ࡿࠋࡋࡋࠊ➽㦵᱁ࣔࢹࣝࡣ ➽ࡸ㦵ࡢᐃ㔞ⓗࢹ࣮ࢱࢆᚓࡿࡇࡀᚲせྍḞ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛⾜ࢃࢀ࡚ࡁࡓ㟋㛗㢮ࡢゎ๗Ꮫⓗ◊✲࠾ࡅࡿࢹ࣮ࢱ ࡣᚲࡎࡋࡶ➽㦵᱁ࣔࢹࣝࡢసᡂ࠸࠺┠ⓗྜ⮴ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋᮏ◊✲ࡣᠱᆶ㐠ືࢆ⾜࠺㟋㛗㢮ࡢ➽㦵᱁ࣔࢹࣝࡢᵓ ⠏ࢆᛕ㢌ࠊ➽ࡸ㦵ࡢࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱ࣮ࢆᚓࡿࡇࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚ᐇࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏᖺࡣࢳࣥࣃࣥࢪ࣮(1 ಶయ)࣮࢜ࣛࣥ࢘ࢱࣥ (1 ಶయ)ࡢ CT ᙳࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ⬚㒌ᙧ≧ࡢ୕ḟඖࢹ࣮ࢱࡢධᡭࢆヨࡳࡓࠋ ࡲࡓࠊ➽ࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱࢆධᡭࡍࡿ┠ⓗ࡛ྠ ಶయࡢᅄ⫥ࢆゎ๗ࡋࠊ╔㒊ࡸ㉮⾜ࢆほᐹࡋࡓࠋᚋࡣࡇࢀࡽࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࢆࡶᩘ⌮ࣔࢹࣝࡢసᡂࡸ 3 ḟඖᙧែィഃࢆ⾜ ࠺ணᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ B-61 㟋㛗㢮࠾ࡅࡿ࣐ࣛࣜឤᰁ㛵㐃㑇ఏᏊࡢศᏊ㐍Ꮫⓗゎᯒ ᶫ㡰㸪୰ఀὠ⨾㸦⟃Ἴ࣭་㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸ၨ㞝 ࣄࢺࡢ endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR)ࡣ⭷⤖ྜᆺศἪᆺࡢ✀㢮ࡀᏑᅾࡋࠊ⭷⤖ྜᆺ EPCR ࡣ⇕ᖏ⇕࣐ࣛࣜ ཎࡢ㉥⾑⌫⾲㠃ᢠཎ PfEMP1 ࡢࣞࢭࣉࢱ࣮ࡋ࡚ᶵ⬟ࡍࡿࡇࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋEPCR ࡢ⭷⤖ྜᆺศἪᆺࡢ⏘⏕㔞 ࡣಶேᕪࡀᏑᅾࡋࠊEPCR ࢆࢥ࣮ࢻࡍࡿࠊprotein C receptor (PROCR)㑇ఏᏊࡢ༢୍ሷᇶከᆺ rs867186 ࡢ G ࣜࣝࢆಖ᭷ ࡍࡿศἪᆺࡢ⏘⏕㔞ࡀ㧗ࡃࠊA ࣜࣝࢆಖ᭷ࡍࡿప࠸ࡇࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋඹྠ◊✲ࡼࡾヨᩱᥦ౪ࢆཷࡅࡓすࢳࣥ ࣃࣥࢪ࣮ࡢᙜヱ㒊ࡢ㓄ิゎᯒࡽࠊG ࣜࣝࡣࣄࢺࡢ⣔⤫࡛㉳ࡁࡓ✺↛ኚ␗࡛࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓ(3 ༉ࡢすࢳࣥࣃࣥࢪ࣮ ࡣ࡚ A ࣜࣝࢆಖ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡓࡵ)ࠋ⇕ᖏ⇕࣐ࣛࣜឤᰁࡋࡓ 341 ྡࡢࢱே㔜࣐ࣛࣜᝈ⪅ 336 ྡࡢࢱே㍍ ࣐ࣛࣜᝈ⪅ࡢ rs867186 㑇ఏᏊᆺࢆゎᯒࡋࡓࡇࢁࠊrs867186-GG ಖ᭷⪅㢖ᗘࡀ㍍࣐ࣛࣜᝈ⪅⩌࠾࠸࡚⤫ィᏛୖ ᭷ព㧗ࡃ(P = 0.026)ࠊὴ⏕ᆺࣜࣝ G ࡀ㔜࣐ࣛࣜᢠᛶ㛵㐃ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࠋࡇࡢࡇࡣࠊศἪᆺ 㧙㧙 EPCR ࡀឤᰁ㉥⾑⌫⾲㠃ୖࡢ PfEMP1 ඃඛⓗ⤖ྜࡍࡿࡇࡀࠊ⭷⤖ྜᆺ EPCR ឤᰁ㉥⾑⌫ࡢ⤖ྜࢆ㜼ᐖࡋࠊ sequestration ࢆ㜵ࡄࡇࡼࡾ㔜ᢠᛶࢆ♧ࡍࡇࢆ♧၀ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋḟࠊ࣐ࣛࣜᝈ⪅ 7 ྡすࢳࣥࣃࣥࢪ࣮㸱༉ ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊPROCR 㑇ఏᏊࡢࢥ࣮ࢻ㡿ᇦࡢ㓄ิỴᐃࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࣄࢺࢳࣥࣃࣥࢪ࣮ࡢ㓄ิẚ㍑ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࡀࠊࣄࢺ⣔⤫ࡢ PROCR 㑇ఏᏊ⮬↛㑅ᢥࡀస⏝ࡋࡓ㊧ࡣ᳨ฟࡉࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ B-62 ࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࣇ࢛࣮࣑࢘ࣝࢫࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢඹ㐍ࡢྍ⬟ᛶ ᐑἑᏕᖾ㸪ྜྷᕝ⚘ຓ㸪ୗฟ⣪ᘪ㸪୰ᒸ㔛Ụ㸦ி㒔࣭࢘ࣝࢫ◊㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸ᒸᮏ᐀⿱ ࣄࢺ௨እࡢ㟋㛗㢮ࡣ⊂⮬ࡢࣇ࢛࣮࣑࣮࢘ࣝࢫ(FV)ࢆಖ᭷ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ✀㛫࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝᐟ FV ࡣඹ㐍ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࡇࡀ ࢃࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡣᡃࡀᅜ࡛⊂⮬㐍ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓ࣐࢝ࢡᒓࡢࢧ࡛ࣝ࠶ࡾࠊࡣୗ༙ᓥࡽ༡ࡣᒇஂᓥࡲ࡛ᗈ⠊ ࡞ᆅᇦ⏕ᜥࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᆅᇦࡈ≉Ⰽࡢ࠶ࡿ㞟ᅋࢆᙧᡂࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏ◊✲ࡣ✀㛫࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ㞟ᅋ࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝ FV ඹ㐍ࡋ࠺ࡿㄪᰝࡋࡓࠋி㒔ᔒᒣ⏕ᜥ 2 㢌ཬࡧ㫽ྲྀⱝᱜ⏕ᜥ 2 㢌ࡢᮎᲈ⾑༢᰾⌫ࡼࡾ FV ࢆศ㞳ࡋⱝᱜ⏤᮶ࡢ୍㢌ࡢ FV ࡢ㛗㓄ิࢆỴᐃࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢ FV ࡢ㓄ิࡣ࢝ࢤࢨࣝࡢ FV(R289HybAGM)㏆⦕࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡀࢃࡗࡓࠋࡉࡽࠊṧࡾ 3 㢌ࡢ FV ࡢ࣏࣓࣮ࣜࣛࢮ㡿ᇦࡢ୍㒊ࡢ㓄ิࢆỴᐃࡋࠊ⣔⤫ゎᯒࢆࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊྠࡌ⏕ᜥᆅ⏤᮶ࡢ FV ࡣྠ୍ࢡࣛࢫࢱ ࣮ࢆᙧᡂࡋࡓࡀࠊᔒᒣ⏤᮶ⱝᱜ⏤᮶ࡢ FV ࡣ␗࡞ࡿࢡࣛࢫࢱ࣮ࢆᙧᡂࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢࡇࡽࠊࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡣ㞟ᅋẖ⊂⮬ ࡢ FV ࢆಖ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡣ⣙ 40 ᖺ๓㝣ࡼࡾ᪥ᮏ⛣ືࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡑࡢᚋ ࡢ᪥ᮏᅜෆ࡛ࡢࡼ࠺⛣ືࡋࡓࡘ࠸࡚ࡣヲ⣽ࡣࢃࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋᅇࡢ⤖ᯝࡽྛ㞟ᅋࡢ FV ࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿࡇ࡛ࠊ ヲ⣽࡞⛣ືṔࡀゎᯒ࡛ࡁࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋᚋࡣࠊࡉࡽ᳨యᩘࢆቑࡸࡋㄪᰝࡋ࡚࠸ࡁࡓ࠸ࠋ B-63 ࣄࢺ⭼⅖ࡢࣔࢹࣝື≀సฟࡢࡓࡵࡢ㟋㛗㢮ࡢ⭼ෆ⣽⳦ྀ㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ 㔝ཱྀᾈ㸦⇃ᮏ࣭㝔࣭⏕⛉Ꮫ㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸ᖹၨஂ ࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢ⭼ෆ⣽⳦ྀࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊᅇࡣ⟶ᯘ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫ࡛⥔ᣢࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ 9ࠥ19 ṓࡢ㸳㢌(A ⩌)ࣂ ࢜ࣜࢯ࣮ࢫࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡋ࡚␗࡞ࡿタ࡛⥔ᣢࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ 7ࠥ19 ṓࡢ㸳㢌(B ⩌)ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࢆຍ࠼ࡓࠋࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢ ⭼ෆࡽࡣᅇࡶࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡰྠᵝ㸳✀㢮ࡢ㏻ᛶ᎘Ẽᛶ⳦⩌(Enterobacteriaceae, Streptococci, Staphylococci, Corynebacterium, Lactobacilli)㸱✀㢮ࡢ᎘Ẽᛶ⳦⩌(Bacteroidaceae, Gram-positive anaerobic cocci(GPAC)ࠊGram-positive anaerobic rods (GPAR))ࡀ᳨ฟࡉࢀࡓࡀࠊA ⩌ B ⩌ࡢಶయ㛫ⱝᖸࡢ㐪࠸ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊ㏻ᛶ᎘Ẽᛶ⳦࡛࠶ ࡿ Enterobacteriaceae ࡣ A ⩌ࡽࡣࡃ᳨ฟࡉࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࡀࠊB ⩌࡛ࡣ 4/5 (80%)ࡽ᳨ฟࡉࢀࠊࡋࡶศ㞳⳦ᩘࡶ 106.7(CFU/vagina)㧗࠸್ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊStreptococci ࡣ A ⩌࠾ࡼࡧ B ⩌ࡶ᳨ฟ⋡ࡣ 5/5 (100%)࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊ ࡑࡢศ㞳⳦ᩘࡣ A ⩌ࡀ 106.4(CFU/vagina)ᑐࡋ࡚ B ⩌ࡀ 103.6(CFU/vagina)ࠊB ⩌ࡢ್ࡣ A ⩌ࡼࡾࡶ 1/1000 ⛬ᗘప್࡛ ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ୍᪉ࠊ᎘Ẽᛶ⳦⩌࡛ࡣ A ⩌࠾ࡼࡧ B ⩌ࡶ Bacteroidaceae ࠾ࡼࡧ GPAC ࡀඃໃ⳦ࡋ࡚Ꮡᅾࡋࡑࢀࡁ࡞ 㐪࠸ࡀ࡞࠸ࡇࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࠋ௨ୖࡢᡂ⦼ࡼࡾࠊࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢ⭼ෆ⣽⳦ྀࡢᵓᡂࡣࡑࡢಶయࡢ⏤᮶ࡸ⏕⫱タࡢ⎔ቃࡢ㐪 ࠸ࡼࡾᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅ␗࡞ࡿࡇࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋᚋࡣࡉࡽࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢ⭼ෆ⣽⳦ྀࡀ᭶⤒࿘ᮇ㛫࡛ࡢࡼ࠺ኚࡍࡿ ࡢࠊ ࡲࡓ⭼ෆ pH ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣᛶ࣍ࣝࣔࣥࡢ㛵ಀ࡞ࢆ᫂ࡽࡋࠊࣄࢺࡢ⭼ෆ⣽⳦ྀࡢẚ㍑ࢆ⾜࠸ࡓ࠸⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ B-64 ࣐࣮ࣔࢭࢵࢺ࠾ࡅࡿ㣴⫱ಶయࡢ࢜࢟ࢩࢺࢩࣥ⃰ᗘ 㰻⸨ឿᏊ㸦ᮾி࣭㝔࣭⥲ྜᩥ㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸୰ᮧඞᶞ ⚄⤒࣌ࣉࢳࢻ࡛࠶ࡿ࢜࢟ࢩࢺࢩࣥࡣࠊࡆࡗṑ㢮ࡢ◊✲ࡽࠊ♫ⓗㄆ▱࣭⾜ື㛵ࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ ࠸ࡲࡔ㟋㛗㢮ࡢ♫⾜ື࢜࢟ࢩࢺࢩࣥࡢ㛵ಀࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ◊✲ࡣᩘࡀᑡ࡞࠸ࠋᮏ◊✲ࡣࠊᐙ᪘࡛⩌ࢆᙧᡂࡋ༠ྠ⦾Ṫࢆ࠾ ࡇ࡞࠺ࠊࢥ࣐࣮ࣔࣥࣔࢭࢵࢺࢆᑐ㇟ࠊẕぶࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ∗ぶࡢࠊẕぶዷፎ࠾ࡼࡧ㣴⫱ࡢ࢜࢟ࢩࢺࢩࣥ⃰ᗘࢆㄪࡿࡇ ࢆ┠ⓗࡋࡓࠋ๓ᖺᗘࠊ࣐࣮ࣔࢭࢵࢺᆺࡢ࢜࢟ࢩࢺࢩࣥࢆྜᡂࡋࠊᕷ㈍ࡢ࢜࢟ࢩࢺࢩ ᐃ⏝ EIA ࢟ࢵࢺ(ࣄࢺࠊ࣐࢘ࢫ ⏝)ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊ࣐࣮ࣔࢭࢵࢺᆺࡢ࢜࢟ࢩࢺࢩࣥࡀ ᐃྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࡇࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋஙඣᅇࢸࢫࢺࡼࡾ ᐃࡉࢀࡓ㣴⫱ ࡢࣔࢳ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥᒀ୰࢜࢟ࢩࢺࢩࣥ⃰ᗘࡢ㛵ಀࢆㄪࡓࡀࠊ᭷ព࡞┦㛵ࡣࡳࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊᮏᖺᗘࡣࢣ࣮ࢪෆ࡛ ࡢ⫼㈇࠸⾜ືࡢほᐹ᥇ᒀࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢࡇࢁࠊࢧࣥࣉࣝᩘࡀ༑ศ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡓࡵࠊᘬࡁ⥆ࡁࢧࣥࣉࣝᩘࢆቑࡸࡋ ࡚࠸ࡃணᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ B-66 ࢧࣝࡢໝ࠸ᑐࡍࡿඛኳⓗ࡞ᜍᛧᛂࡢゎᯒ ᑠ᪩ᕝ௧Ꮚ㸪ᑠ᪩ᕝ㧗㸪ఀ᪩ᆏᬛᏊ㸪ᯇᑿ᭸ᙪ㸦㜰ࣂ࣭࢜⚄⤒ᶵ⬟Ꮫ㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸୰ᮧඞᶞ ᜍᛧ⮯ࡣ࣐࢘ࢫᑐࡋ࡚ᜍᛧ㛵㐃ࡋࡓ⾜ືࡸ⏕⌮ᛂ⟅ࡸ⬻άືࢆㄏⓎࡍࡿ୍㐃ࡢໝ࠸ศᏊࡋ࡚ྠᐃࡉࢀࡓࠋᜍᛧ⮯ ࡣࣛࢵࢺࡸ࢘ࢧࢠᑐࡋ࡚ࡶᚷ㑊⾜ືࡸࡍࡃࡳ⾜ືࢆㄏⓎࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊᜍᛧ⮯ࡣࣈࢱᑐࡋ࡚ࡣ࣐࢘ࢫྠᵝࡢᚰᢿᩘࡸ య῝㒊 ᗘࡢపୗࠊ࣐࢘ࢫ㏫㰯ඛࡢయ⾲㠃 ᗘࡢ㢧ⴭ࡞ୖ᪼ࢆㄏⓎࡋࡓࠋ࢝ࢤࢨ࡛ࣝࡣ୍㒊ࡢᜍᛧ⮯ࡼࡗ࡚㢦 㠃ࡢ⾲㠃 ᗘࡢᙅ࠸ኚࡀㄏⓎࡉࢀࡓࡀࠊ᫂☜࡞ᛂ⟅ࡣㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࠋᜍᛧ⮯ࡀື≀✀ࡼࡗ࡚␗࡞ࡿᛂ⟅ࢆㄏⓎࡍ ࡿ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࢆゎ᫂ࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊᜍᛧ⮯ᑐࡋ࡚≉␗ⓗᛂ⟅ࡍࡿཷᐜయ㑇ఏᏊࢆࠊ࣐࢘ࢫႥぬཷᐜయⓎ⌧ࢫࢡ࣮ࣜࢽ ࣥࢢ⣔ࢆᵓ⠏ࡋゎᯒࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊᜍᛧ⮯≉␗ⓗᛂ⟅ࡍࡿᜍᛧཷᐜయࣇ࣑࣮ࣜࡢೃ⿵ࢆྠᐃࡋࡓࠋᜍᛧཷᐜయࣇ ࣑࣮ࣜࡣ࣐࢘ࢫࠊࣛࢵࢺࠊࣈࢱ࡛ 9㹼13 ✀㢮Ꮡᅾࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ୍᪉࡛ࠊ࢝ࢤࢨࣝࡸ࢝ࢽࢡࢨ࡛ࣝࡣ 2 ✀㢮ࡋᏑᅾࡏ ࡎࠊ࣐࣮ࣔࢭࢵࢺ࡛ࡣ 1 ✀㢮ࡶᏑᅾࡋ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ⯆῝࠸ࡇࣄࢺ࡛ࡣ 5 ✀㢮Ꮡᅾࡋࡓࠋᚋࠊᜍᛧཷᐜయࣇ࣑࣮ࣜ ࡢᶵ⬟ࢆ࣐࢘ࢫ࡛ゎ᫂ࡍࡿඹࠊྛ✀⏕≀ࡢཷᐜయᜍᛧ⮯ࡢ⤖ྜάᛶࢆゎᯒࡍࡿࡇ࡛ᜍᛧᛂ⟅Ⴅぬཷᐜయ㑇ఏᏊ ࡢ㛵㐃ࢆゎ᫂ࡍࡿࠋ 㧙㧙 B-67 SIV/SHIV/HIV-1mt ࡢ㠀ࣄࢺ㟋㛗㢮⣽⬊࠾ࡅࡿቑṪ⬟ ୕ᾆᬛ⾜㸦ி㒔࣭࢘ࣝࢫ◊㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸᫂㔛ᏹᩥ 㟋㛗㢮◊✲ᡤࡢ࢝ࢤࢨࣝࡢ⾑ᾮࢆᥦ౪ࡋ࡚㡬ࡁࠊᙜ◊✲ᐊࡢ P3 ᐇ㦂ᐊෆ࡛ẚ㔜㐲ᚰἲࡼࡾ༢᰾⣽⬊ࢆศ㞳ࡍࡿࠋ ࡑࡇࡽ㐺ษ࡞ᇵ㣴᪉ἲࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡇࡼࡾࠊࣜࣥࣃ⌫ࡸ࣐ࢡࣟࣇ࣮ࢪࡢᇵ㣴⣔ࡶࡗ࡚ࡺࡁࠊ᪂つస〇ࡋࡓ SIV/SHIV/HIV-1mt ➼ࡢ⤌࠼࢘ࣝࢫࢆឤᰁࡉࡏࡿࠋឤᰁᚋࠊᇵ㣴ୖΎ୰ࡢ࢘ࣝࢫ RNA 㔞ࠊ㏫㌿㓝⣲άᛶࠊឤᰁຊ ౯ࡸឤᰁ⣽⬊୰ࡢ࢘ࣝࢫᢠཎࠊ࣏ࢺ࣮ࢩࢫ࣐࣮࣮࢝࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ⣽⬊ࡢ⏕Ꮡ⋡➼ࢆㄪࡿࡇࡼࡾࠊ࢝ࢤࢨࣝ࠾ࡅ ࡿ᪂つస〇࢘ࣝࢫࡢឤᰁᛶࠊቑṪ⬟ࠊ⣽⬊㞀ᐖάᛶ࡞ࡢᛶ≧ࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࠋࡑࢀࡽࡢᇶ♏ሗࢆࡶࠊࡉࡽࢤ ࣀ࣒ᨵኚࢆຍ࠼ࡓࡾࠊ✀ࠎࡢ᪂つస〇࢘ࣝࢫࡢ୰ࡽ࢘ࣝࢫ◊✲ᡤࡢࢧࣝឤᰁᐇ㦂タ࡛࢘ࣝࢫ᥋✀ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜࠺࢘ ࣝࢫࢆỴᐃࡍࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊឤᰁᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࢧࣝࡽࡢ࢘ࣝࢫࡢศ㞳ࡸࠊࡑࡢ in vitro ࡛ࡢᛶ≧ゎᯒࡶᥦ౪ࡋ࡚㡬ࡃ ⾑ᾮ࡛⾜࠺ࠋ ௨ୖࡢᐇ㦂ィ⏬࡛◊✲ࢆ㐙⾜ࡍࡿணᐃ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊ25 ᖺᗘࡣ⤌࠼࢘ࣝࢫࡢస〇ࡀணᐃ㏻ࡾ㐍ࡲ࡞ࡗࡓࡓࡵ⾑ ᾮ౪⤥ᐇ⦼ࡣ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ B-68 ࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢ࣓࣮ࣂឤᰁ㛵ࡍࡿᏛ◊✲ ᶲ⿱ྖ㸦ᮾᾏ࣭་㸧㸪ᑠᯘṇつ㸦ᛂ࣭་㸧㸪ᰗဴ㞝㸦㛗ᓮ࣭⇕◊㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸ᒸᮏ᐀⿱ ᭱㏆ࠊ㉥⑩࣓࣮ࣂ(Entamoeba histolytica)ᙧែⓗࡣ㚷ู࡛ࡁ࡞࠸᪂✀ࡢ࣓࣮ࣂ(E. nuttalli)ࡀࢧࣝ㢮ࡽぢࡘࡗ ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏ◊✲ࡢ┠ⓗࡣࠊࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝ࠾ࡅࡿ⭠⟶ᐤ⏕࣓࣮ࣂࡢឤᰁᐇែࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࡇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᖺᗘࡣࠊศ ┴㧗ᓮᒣ࠾࠸࡚㣵ࡅࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㔝⏕ࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢ⣅౽ 61 ᳨యࢆ᥇ྲྀࡋࡓࠋ⣅౽ࡽ DNA ࢆᢳฟࡋࠊ㉥⑩࣓࣮ࣂࠊ E. disparࠊE. nuttalliࠊE. chattoniࠊ⭠࣓࣮ࣂ(E. coli)ࠊE. moshkovskii ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊPCR ἲࡼࡿ᳨ฟࢆヨࡳࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ E. chattoni ࡀ 58 ᳨య(95㸣)ࠊ⭠࣓࣮ࣂࡀ 39 ᳨య(64㸣)࠾࠸࡚㝧ᛶ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊE. dispar ࡀ 1 ᳨య(1.6㸣)ࡢࡳ㝧 ᛶ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊࡑࡢࡢ 3 ✀ࡢ Entamoeba ࡣ᳨ฟࡉࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࠋᅇ᳨ฟࡉࢀࡓ࣓࣮ࣂࡣࠊ࡚㠀ཎᛶࡢ࣓࣮ࣂ࡛ ࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢᆅᇦ࠾ࡅࡿㄪᰝ࡛ࡶࠊE. chattoni ឤᰁࡣ㧗⋡ㄆࡵࡽࢀࠊ㉥⑩࣓࣮ࣂࡣ᳨ฟࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ୍ ᪉࡛ࠊE. disparࠊE. nuttalliࠊ⭠࣓࣮ࣂࡢឤᰁࡢ᭷↓ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣᆅᇦᕪࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ≉ E. nuttalli ࡣす᪥ᮏࡣ࠶ࡲࡾศᕸ ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡇࡀࠊᅇࡢㄪᰝ࠾࠸࡚ࡶ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࠋ B-69 ࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢ㦵⚄⤒ྀࡑࡢ࿘㎶ᵓ㐀≀ࡢほᐹ-≉⚄⤒⾑⟶ࡢ⨨㛵ಀ╔┠ࡋ࡚ጜᖏ㣕㧗㸦ᇸ⋢་࣭㝔་㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸ᖹ㷂㗦▮ ࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝ 5 య 10 ഃࢆᑐ㇟ࠊୖẊື⬦(Gs)ࡀ㦵⚄⤒ྀࢆ㈏ࡃ⨨ࠊ⭣⚄⤒(F)ࠊ㛢㙐⚄⤒(O)ࠊ ⭜㦵⚄⤒ᖿ (Tr)ศᒱࡍࡿศᒱ⚄⤒(Nf;㦵⚄⤒ྀୖ⏺)ࡢ㉳ጞศ⠇ࡢ㛵ಀࢆㄪᰝࡋࡓࠋ Gs ࡢ㈏㏻⨨ࡣ L7/L7 㛫ࠊS1/S1 㛫ࡀほᐹࡉࢀࡓࠋ 1) L7/L7 㛫(2 ഃ):Nf ㉳ጞศ⠇ࡣ L5(2 ഃ)࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋFࠊOࠊTr ࡢ 3 ᯞࡢ┦ᑐⓗ࡞ኴࡉࡢ㛵ಀࡣ Tr>F>O ࡛ L5 ࡢ㦵⚄⤒ྀ ࡢཧຍࡀከ࠸(1 ഃ)ࠊF>Tr>O ࡛⚄⤒ྀࡢཧຍࡀ୰➼㔞ࡢ(1 ഃ)ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ ᚋ⪅ࡣ๓⪅ẚ⚄⤒ྀᵓᡂศ⠇ࡀప ࠸ࠋ 2) S1/S1 㛫(8 ഃ):Nf ㉳ጞศ⠇ࡣ L5(2 ഃ)ࠊL5+L6(2 ഃ)ࠊL6(4 ഃ)࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋL5 ࡢࡣ 3 ᯞࡢኴࡉࡀ F>O>Tr ࡛ L5 ࡢ⚄⤒ྀ ࡢཧຍࡀᑡ࡞ࡃࠊࡑࡢᵓᡂศ⠇ࡣ 1)ࡢࡼࡾప࠸(2 ഃ)ࠋL5+L6(2 ഃ)ࠊL6 ࡢࡢ⚄⤒ྀᵓᡂศ⠇ࡣࡉࡽప࠸ࠋ ௨ୖࡼࡾࠊ㦵⚄⤒ྀᵓᡂศ⠇ࡀ㧗࠸ Gs ࡢ㈏㏻⨨ࡶ㧗ࡃ(L7/L7)ࠊ⚄⤒ྀᵓᡂศ⠇ࡀప࠸ Gs ࡢ㈏㏻⨨ࡶప࠸ (S1/S1)ࠋࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ⚄⤒ྀᵓᡂศ⠇ࡀ㢌ᑿഃࢬࣞࡿ Gs ࡢ㈏㏻⨨ࡶ㢌ᑿഃࢬࣞࡿഴྥࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ௦⾲◊✲⪅ࡣࣄࢺࡢ Gs 㦵⚄⤒ྀࡢ⨨㛵ಀࡘ࠸࡚ࡶㄪᰝࡋྠᵝࡢഴྥࢆぢฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡽࠊ㟋㛗㢮ඹ㏻ࡋࡓᙧែᙧᡂⓗኚ␗࡛ ࠶ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋ B-70 Factors underlying mouth versus hand-feeding among Koshima macaques Cecile Sarabian㸦Rennes 1 University㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸Andrew MacIntosh Hygiene – behaviors that maintain cleanliness – is universal among humans but remains a concern in epidemiology. Parasites, which impact health and biological fitness, are ubiquitous in nature and thrive in unsanitary conditions. Therefore, hygiene can be interpreted as an adaptive strategy to avoid infection. To address the biological basis for hygiene in humans, I developed an observational and experimental approach to test whether Japanese macaques of Koshima island (Macaca fuscata fuscata) display patterns of behavior consistent with Parasite Avoidance Theory. First, “hygienic” behaviors (e.g. rubbing or washing food) were recorded during focal observations of adult females (N=20). Second, I conducted field-experiments (N=33 trials) with females (N=14) and males (N=3) in which wheat was placed near fresh feces and plastic feces (condition 1) or on both feces plus a control (a piece of plastic notebook; condition 2). Preliminary results suggest that the performance of hygiene behaviors is positively associated with parasite richness. Experimental results remain unclear, but most individuals rejected wheat placed on fresh and plastic feces and all of them ingested wheat placed near them or on the control substrate. I am continuing this work at Koshima for my Master’s internship at the University of Strasbourg. I expect these results to improve understanding of behavioral mechanisms of parasite avoidance and evolutionary origins of human hygiene. B-71 Parasites of the primates at the Endangered Primate Rescue Center, Cuc Phuong, Vietnam Carloyn Wang 㸦University of Melbourne㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸Andrew MacIntosh From Feb 3-21st 2014 I examined fecal samples collected by Andrew MacIntosh and Mike Huffman from the Endangered Primate Rescue Center in Vietnam. The goal of this brief study was to detect the presence of helminth eggs, and identify them if possible, in sample from hatinh langurs (Trachypithecus hatinhensis), red-shanked douc langurs (Pygathrix nemaeus), gibbons (Nomascus sp.), 㧙㧙 and Delacour’s langurs (Trachypithecus delacouri). All samples were processed using (1) sedimentation via a formalin-ethyl-acetate procedure and (2) flotation via Sheather’s solution. Slides from the samples were then scanned using light microscopy. I was able to identify Trichuris sp. eggs in samples from all four primate species, and Strongylid and Strongyloides sp. in the P. namaeus samples. There were also a number of as yet unidentified specimens from all samples which were photographed for future identification. B-72 Does parasite removal affect fractal complexity in vervet (Chlorocebus pygerythrus) behavior? Jan Gogarten㸦McGill University㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸Andrew MacIntosh During my 2014 Cooperative Research Program I had hoped analyze data collected from wild vervet monkeys, but that field season was cancelled. Instead, I spent most of my time at PRI analyzing a data set given to Dr. MacIntosh by Dr. Sarah Turner of McGill University who has worked extensively with the Japanese macaques at Awajishima. Our aim was to characterize the scaling in behavioral organization of normally-developed macaques versus macaques with congenital limb malformations. However, because of a number of methodological considerations, including short sequence lengths (30 minutes) and considerable out of sight time, it remains unclear whether these data lend themselves appropriately to fractal analysis. Still, they provided a valuable opportunity to discern limitations in this research field and practice programming of analyses for future projects assessing the impacts of disease on wild primate behavior. I hope to continue working with these data and produce results that can be published in the coming months. In addition, the methods and ideas generated while at the PRI will be applied to my dissertation research and allow me to analyze data collected in the Ivory Coast and Uganda to understand drivers of primate disease dynamics and health. B-73 Methods for Bio-logging primates Yan Ropert-Coudert㸪Akiko Kato㸦Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Univ. Strasbourg㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸Andrew MacIntosh On 2nd August 2013, collars with iGotU® GPS devices and Axy-2® accelerometers were attached to two male Japanese macaques (id’s: N118, N128) from the outdoor-enclosed Group 7 at the Research Resource Station (RRS) of the Kyoto University Primate Research Institute (KUPRI). The macaques were baited into the holding pen, transferred into individual cages and anaesthetized by trained veterinary staff to minimize stress during collar attachment. Both males were monitored in their individual cages for signs of distress. Some attention was paid by each to the newly-added collars as the anaesthetic wore off, but neither reacted strongly to their presence. After ca. 3 hours, the animals were released into their outdoor enclosure. GPS devices collected data at 4-minute intervals for 9 and 12 days, respectively. Accelerometers only collected data (at 25Hz) for ca. 3 days due to water damage to the batteries caused by heavy rains. In addition, video data recordings were made of each male around the feeding grounds on 5 days post deployment to validate accelerometer readings. We are currently in the process of analyzing these data to inform future studies wishing to investigate primate behavior through high-resolution automatic data logging techniques. B-74 Parasite removal and physiological stress in Japanese macaques of Koshima Elodie Thomas㸦University of Tours㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸Andrew MacIntosh Nematodes are among the most prevalent intestinal parasites around the world. The scientific understanding of nematode parasitism is well documented but remains incomplete, especially concerning parasite life cycles in wildlife and impacts on host immune systems. Generally, studies consider that negative conditions of the host, e.g. stress, tend to promote infection. However, few studies tested the relationship in the opposite direction: that intensity of infection might increase host stress. Our study used an experimental approach to better understand host-parasite relations in wild conditions. To do this, we studied Koshima Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) because they are free-ranging yet can be experimentally manipulated. We examined 20 adult females in two groups: control and treated with anthelminthic medicines (Drontal Plus® and Stromectol®). We focused on four parasite species: Oesophagostomum aculeatum, Trichuris trichuria, Streptopharagus pigmentatus and Strongyloides fuelleborni. We used non-invasive methods to estimate the infection intensity, eggs per gram of feces (EPG) via microscopy and to evaluate the stress levels via ELISA analysis of fecal glucocorticoid metabolites. Our results show that anthelmintic treatment reduces parasite richness and intensity of ¾ parasite species. However, there was no relationship between treatment and fecal glucocorticoids, indicating that factors other than parasite infection drive stress dynamics. B-75 Does parasite infection affect Japanese macaque behavior and body condition? Guilhem Vaissiere 㸦Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸Andrew MacIntosh Nematodes are parasites found everywhere around the world on both domestic and wild animals and they are the cause of numerous deaths. The parasites of Japanese macaques over the archipelago are well known thanks to previous studies. A previous study on Koshima identified four of these nematodes on the islet monkeys: Oesophagostomum aculeatum, Strongyloides fuelleborni, Streptopharagus pigmentatus and Trichuris trichiura. This study was originally designed to measure effects of infection on macaques, but changed to examining the summer reinfection period instead, which should give clear indication of variation in health risks across individuals. From June 6th 2013 to August 16th 2013, I collected 97 fecal samples from 20 adult female macaques, 10 control and 10 treated by Dr. Andrew MacIntosh with common anthelmintics to remove parasites (last treatment before current study: May 2013). Linear mixed-effect models where used to test the efficiency of the treatment to reduce both prevalence and intensity of the infection. The same models were also use to assess the reinfection process during summer. Treatment was effective against most parasite species. However, variation in reinfection across macaques was unclear, possibly because of interactive effects between parasites which were observed in some cases. More data will be required to assess health risks of infection. B-76 ࣐࢝ࢡᒓ㟋㛗㢮࠾ࡅࡿឤᰁᢠᛶࡢከᆺ⾲⌧ᆺゎᯒ ᏳἼ㐨㑻㸦㛗ᓮ࣭⇕ᖏ་Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸ᖹၨஂ ᮾ༡ࢪࡢ Macaca ᒓศᕸᇦ㔜」ࡋ࡚ࢧ࣐ࣝࣛࣜࡢὶ⾜ࡀぢࡽࢀࡿࡇࡽࠊࣄࢺẸ᪘㞟ᅋࡢࢤࣀ࣒㐍࡛ࡢ⇕ 㧙㧙 ᖏ⇕࣐ࣛࣜཎࡢᙳ㡪ఝ࡚ࠊMacaca ᒓࡢ✀ศࡶ࡞࠺ࢤࣀ࣒㐍ࢧ࣐ࣝࣛࣜឤᰁࡀ㛵ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓീ࡛ ࡁࡿࠋᐇ㝿ࠊᮾ༡ࢪὶ⾜ࡋࠊ᪥ᮏิᓥ࡛ࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࢧ࣐ࣝࣛࣜཎ Plasmodium coatneyi ࡣࠊὶ⾜ᆅ᳇ᜥࡍ ࡿ࢝ࢽࢡࢨ࡛ࣝࡣឤᰁᚋᐟࡢ㜵ᚚ⣔ࡢാࡁࡼࡗ࡚⮬↛㝖ࡉࢀࡿࡢᑐࡋ࡚ࠊ⮬↛⏺࡛ࡣゐࢀࡿࡇࡢ࡞࠸ࢽ ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢᐇ㦂ឤᰁ࡛ࡣእ࡞ࡃ㔜ࡋࠊᢠཎ⒪ἲࢆࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ⮴Ṛⓗ࡞⤒㐣ࢆྲྀࡿࡇࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ๓ᖺᗘ ࡲ࡛ࠊ⋊༠་࣭ᕝྜぬ༤ኈඹྠ࡛ᐇࡋࡓ࢝ࢽࢡࢨࣝ࠾ࡼࡧࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࠊྛ 2 ಶయࡢ P. coatneyi ࡢᐇ㦂ឤᰁࡢ ⤒ⓗ᥇⾑ࡽࠊ⾑₢୰ࢧࢺ࢝ࣥᛂ⟅ࡢ✀㛫ᕪࢆ᫂ࡽࡋࡓ(Ⓨ⾲‽ഛ୰)ࠋᖺᗘࡣ 㟋㛗◊࡚⥔ᣢࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ ࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝ࠾ࡼࡧ࢝ࢤࢨࣝಶయ⩌ࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࠊᮎᲈ⾑༢᰾⣽⬊ศ⏬ࢆ⏝࠸࡚࣐ࣛࣜ⏤᮶ࡢཎయ㛵㐃ศᏊࣃࢱ࣮ࣥཷ ᐜయࡉࢀࡿ Toll ᵝཷᐜయ TLR9 ࡢ᰾㓟ࣜ࢞ࣥࢻᑐࡍࡿᛂᛶࡢ✀ᕪ࣭✀ෆಶయᕪࢆゎᯒࡋࡓࠋ⌧ᅾ TLR9 ࡢ᰾㓟ࣜ ࢞ࣥࢻㄏᑟࡉࢀࡿࢣࣔ࢝ࣥ㑇ఏᏊ㌿ࢆㄝ᫂ࡍࡿ㑇ఏᏊከᆺࢆ᳨⣴ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ B-77 ࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢ୰ᡭ㦵୰㊊㦵㛵ࡍࡿᶵ⬟ᙧែᏛⓗ◊✲ ᪥ᬽὈ⏨㸦㜰࣭㝔࣭ே㛫⛉Ꮫ㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸ᖹ㷂㗦▮ ᮏ◊✲ࡢ┠ⓗࡣࠊࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢ୰ᡭ㦵࠾ࡼࡧ୰㊊㦵ࡢᙧែ㐠ືᶵ⬟ࡢ㛵㐃ࢆㄪࡿࡇ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ㟋㛗㢮◊✲ᡤ ᡤⶶࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ 20 ಶయศࡢ㦵ᶆᮏࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢫ࢟ࣕࢼ(DAVID Laserscanner)ࢆ⏝࠸࡚୕ḟඖࣔࢹࣝࢆసᡂࡋࠊࡇ ࡢࣔࢹࣝࡽ㦵ᖿ୰ኸ㒊ࡢ total subperiosteal area (TA)ࢆ⟬ฟࡋࡓࠋTA ࡣࠊᮦᩱࡢ᩿㠃ᙉᗘࡢᣦᶆࡢ୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿ᩿㠃 2 ḟ ᴟ࣮࣓ࣔࣥࢺᙉ࠸┦㛵ࡀ࠶ࡿࡇࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ➨ 1㹼5 ୰ᡭ㦵ࢆ TA ࡢࡁ࠸㡰୪ࡿ 1>3>4>2>5 ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ ➨ 1㹼5 ୰㊊㦵ࢆ TA ࡢࡁ࠸㡰୪ࡿ 1>3>2>4>5 ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋTA Ṍ⾜୰ᡭ㦵࠾ࡼࡧ୰㊊㦵ࡿⲴ㔜ࡢࡁ ࡉࡢ㛵ಀࢆㄪࡓࡇࢁࠊᑐᛂ㛵ಀࡣ㒊ศⓗ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢ⤖ᯝࡽࠊࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢ୰ᡭ㦵୰㊊㦵ࡢᙧែࡣṌ⾜ࡼࡾ ࡶࡉࡽࡁ࡞Ⲵ㔜ࡢࡿࣟࢥ࣮ࣔࢩࣙࣥᵝᘧࡶ㛵ಀࡋ࡚࠸ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡸࠊᢕᥱ࡞ࡢࣟࢥ࣮ࣔࢩࣙࣥ௨እࡢ㐠ືᶵ⬟ ࡶ㛵㐃ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ௨ୖࡢ◊✲࡛⏝ࡋࡓ㦵ᶆᮏࡢ୰ࡢ 4 ಶయศࡘ࠸࡚ CT ീࢆ࠾ࡇ࡞࠸ࠊ ᚑ๓ࡼࡾ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ TA ᩿㠃 2 ḟᴟ࣮࣓ࣔࣥࢺࡢᙉ࠸┦㛵ࡀࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢ୰ᡭ㦵୰㊊㦵࡛ࡶㄆࡵࡽࢀࡿࡢ࠺ ࢆࡓࡋࡵࡓࠋ B-78 㟋㛗㢮ࠊどぬ࣭ぬࡢ GPCR ᆺཷᐜయࡢᵓ㐀࣭ᶵ⬟┦㛵ゎᯒ ⚄ྲྀ⚽ᶞ㸪∦ᒣ⪔㸪ᶫ▱᫂㸪㔝୰♸㈗㸦ྡᕤ࣭㝔ᕤ㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸ၨ㞝 ࣄࢺࢆྵࡴ㟋㛗㢮ࡢ⥙⭷Ꮡᅾࡍࡿ 3 ✀㢮(㉥㺃⥳㺃㟷)ࡢⰍぬど≀㉁ࡣヨᩱㄪ〇ࡀᅔ㞴࡞ࡓࡵࠊᵓ㐀⏕≀Ꮫⓗゎᯒࡣ㐣ཤ ࡀ࡞ࡃࠊᡃࠎࡢⰍㄆ㆑࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࡣㅦࡢࡲࡲ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞⌧≧ୗࠊᡃࠎࡣ 6 ᖺ๓ࡼࡾࠊᇵ㣴⣽⬊ࢆ⏝࠸࡚Ⓨ ⌧ࡉࡏࡓ㟋㛗㢮Ⰽぬど≀㉁ᑐࡍࡿ㉥እศග ᐃࡼࡿᵓ㐀ゎᯒࢆ㛤ጞࡋࡓࠋࡍ࡛㉥࣭⥳ど≀㉁࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊᵓ㐀ゎᯒ ᡂຌࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ (2 ሗࡢㄽᩥࢆⓎ⾲)ࠊᖹᡂ 25 ᖺᗘࡣṧࡉࢀࡓ㟷ど≀㉁ࡢᵓ㐀ゎᯒᣮᡓࡋࡓࠋ㟷ど≀㉁ࡢヨᩱㄪ〇ࡣ㉥࣭ ⥳ど≀㉁ࡼࡾࡶࡉࡽᅔ㞴⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᙜึࡣᵓ㐀ゎᯒྥࡅࡓᐇ㦂᮲௳ࡢ☜❧ 2, 3 ᖺ⛬㈝ࡸࡍࡇࡶぬᝅࡋ࡚ ࠸ࡓࠋࡋࡋⓎ⌧㔞ࡢቑຍࢆ┠ⓗྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇࡔ㟋㛗㢮ࡢ✀ࡢ㑅ᢥ࠸࠺᪂ࡓ࡞ヨࡳࡸࠊᐇ㦂᮲௳ࡢ᭱㐺ࢆ㐍ࡵࡿࡇ࡛ࠊ ഹ 1 ᖺ㊊ࡽࡎ࡛ศග ᐃྥࡅࡓ㟷ど≀㉁ࡢヨᩱㄪ〇ࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊᖺᮎࡣࡍ࡛ሗ࿌ࡋ࡚ ࠸ࡿ㉥࣭⥳ど≀㉁ྠ⛬ᗘࡢ㧗⢭ᗘ࡞ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝ ᐃࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ⌧ᅾࠊฟᥞࡗࡓ 3 ✀㢮ࡢⰍぬど≀㉁ࡢᵓ 㐀ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࢆ⤫ྜࡉࡏࡓἼ㛗ไᚚ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࡢㄽᩥࢆసᡂࡍࡿ୍᪉࡛ࠊ㟷ど≀㉁ࡢࡳほ ࡉࢀࡓ≉ᚩⓗ࡞㉥እືࣂ ࣥࢻࡢᖐᒓྥࡅ࡚ኚ␗ᐇ㦂ࡶྲྀࡾࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࡲࡓࠊⱞཷᐜయࡢ㉥እศගゎᯒྥࡅࡓᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜࠺㐣⛬࠾࠸࡚ࠊ༢㞳ࡉࡏࡓࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁ࡢ G ࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁άᛶᶵ ⬟ࡢ᭷↓ࡢၥ㢟ࡀᣲࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛ᖺᗘࡣࠊᨺᑕᛶྠయᶆ㆑ヨᩱࢆ⏝࠸ࡓάᛶᶵ⬟ ᐃ⣔ࡢ☜❧ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࠊ 㧗ឤᗘࡢ ᐃ⣔ࢆ❧ࡕୖࡆࡿࡇᡂຌࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡼࡾ࠸ࡎࢀࡢࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁༢㞳㐣⛬࠾࠸࡚ᶵ⬟ࡀኻάࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ ホ౯࡛ࡁࡿࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊศග ᐃࡽᚓࡽࢀࡿᵓ㐀ᶵ⬟ࡢ┦㛵ᛶࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ㆟ㄽࡶྍ⬟࡞ࡗࡓࠋⰍぬど≀㉁ྠᵝࠊ ╔ᐇᵓ㐀ᇶ┙❧⬮ࡋࡓⱞ≀㉁ࡢཷᐜ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࡢゎ᫂ྥࡅ࡚◊✲ࡀ㐍ᒎࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᚋࡶどぬ࣭ぬࡢᵓ㐀ゎᯒ ࡢᡂᯝࢆୡ⏺Ⓨಙ࡛ࡁࡿⅬࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼ࠊᨭ࠸ࡓࡔ࠸࡚࠸ࡿ㟋㛗◊ᨵࡵ࡚ㅰពࢆ⾲ࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ B-79 ࢧࣝ⫾⫵పᙧᡂࡢᏊᐑෆᅇ㸫⨺Ỉ㐣ᑡࡼࡿ⫵పᙧᡂࣔࢹࣝసᡂᡂ㛗ᅉᏊゎᯒ ༓ⴥᩄ㞝㸪ᒣୗⰋᏊ㸪ᰠᮏ㝯ᚿ㸪ᒣୗ⣫ṇ㸦ᅜ❧ᡂ⫱་⒪◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮࣭⮫ᗋ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸㕥ᮌᶞ㔛 H25 ᖺᗘࡣࠊࢧࣝ⫾⫵పᙧᡂࣔࢹࣝࡢ⒪ࢆᐃࡋࠊዷፎࢧࣝࡢ㌟㯞㓉ୗࣂ࣮ࣝࣥࡼࡿ⫾Ẽ⟶㛢ሰ㸦⫾ෆ ど㙾ⓗ)⾡ࢆ⾜࡞࠺ࡓࡵࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛⾜ࡗࡓᐇ㦂࡛᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓㄢ㢟ࢆゎỴࡍࡃࠊ1)ෆど㙾ࡢㄏᑟࡢࡓࡵࡢࢯࣇࢺ࢘ ࢙ࡢᨵⰋࠊ2)ࣂ࣮ࣝࣥࡢ᪂ࡓ࡞ゎ㝖ᢏ⾡ࡘࡁࠊ◊✲ࢆ㐍ࡵࡓࠋ1) ࡛ࡣࠊᏊᐑෆࡢࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺ࡛࠶ࡿ⫾ࡢཱྀࢆࠊ ୕ḟඖ㉸㡢Ἴ⏬ീࡢ┤୕᩿㠃ࡽ┤ほⓗᣦᐃ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࣮ࣘࢨࣥࢱࣇ࢙࣮ࢫࡢᨵⰋࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊෆど㙾ඛ➃ ࡽぢࡓࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺࡲ࡛ࡢ㊥㞳᪉ྥࢆࠊ⾡⪅ࡀࣔࢽࢱࢆぢ࡚⌮ゎࡋࡸࡍ࠸ࡼ࠺ࠊ⾲♧᪉ἲࢆᨵⰋࡋࡓࠋ2)࡛ࡣࠊᚑ᮶ࡢ Ẽ⟶ࢆ㛢ሰࡋࡓࣂ࣮ࣝࣥࢆᗘẕయ⤒⭡ⓗᤄධࡋࡓෆど㙾⏬ീࢆ☜ㄆࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࡿ࠸࠺ᡭ⾡ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊࡇࢀ ࢆẕయእࡽ㠀ほ⾑ⓗ㞟᮰㉸㡢Ἴࢆࣂ࣮ࣝࣥ↷ᑕࡍࡿࡇ࡛▐㛫ⓗࡗ࡚ゎ㝖ࡍࡿࠊ࠸࠺᪂ࡋ࠸⾡ᘧࡢ㛤Ⓨࢆ㐍 ࡵࡓࠋ ࡞࠾ᖺᗘࡣࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘࠾ࡼࡧ㉸㡢Ἴ⨨ࡢ㛤Ⓨࡢ㐍ᤖࠊࢧࣝࡢዷፎ㐌㱋ࡢࢱ࣑ࣥࢢࡀ࠺ࡲࡃྜࢃࡎࠊዷፎࢧࣝ ࢆ⏝࠸࡚⾜࠺ᐇ㦂ࡢᶵࡀᚓࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࠋᚋࡣ⨺Ỉ୰࡛ࡶ㩭᫂࡞ෆど㙾⏬ീࡀᚓࡽࢀࡿᡭἲࡶྲྀࡾධࢀࠊࡼࡾᏳᛶ ࡢ㧗࠸ᡭ⾡᧯సࡀ⾜࠼ࡿࡼ࠺ᨵⰋࢆຍ࠼࡚࠸ࡃࠋ B-80 ࢧࣝࡢ⾲ఏᰁ㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ ᕝྜఙᖾ㸦ྡྂᒇ࣭㝔࣭ሗ⛉Ꮫ㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸㤶⏣ၨ㈗ 㧙㧙 ⪅ࡀ࠶ࡿ⾜ືࢆࡋࡓࡁࠊࡑࢀࢆほᐹࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࣄࢺࡣࡘ࠸ྠࡌࡼ࠺࡞⾜ືࢆࡍࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣࠕ⾜ືఏᰁࠖ࠸ࢃࢀࠊ ࣄࢺ࡛ࡣ㢖⦾ほᐹࡉࢀࡿࠋࣄࢺ௨እࡢື≀࡛ࡶࠊࢳࣥࣃࣥࢪ࣮ࡸࠊࢾࡣࠊྠ✀࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ␗✀(ࣄࢺࡽ)㛫࡛ࠕ࠶ࡃࡧࠖ ࡀఏᰁࡍࡿࡢሗ࿌ࡀ࠶ࡿࡀࠊࠕ࠶ࡃࡧࠖ௨እࡢ⾜ືఏᰁࡀື≀࡛ぢࡽࢀࡿࡣ࡛᫂࠶ࡿࠋ ࠕ࠶ࡃࡧࠖࡢఏᰁࡣࠊどぬⓗࡣࡗࡁࡾほᐹ࡛ࡁࡿࡀࠊࣄࢺ௨እࡢື≀࡛ࠕ࠶ࡃࡧࠖ௨እࡢ⾜ືఏᰁࡀほᐹࡉࢀ࡞࠸ ࡢࡣࠊ₯ᅾⓗఏᰁࡍࡿ⾜ືࡀ㢧ᅾࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡔࡅ࡞ࡢࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ ࣄࢺ࡛ࡣࠊࠕ࠶ࡃࡧࠖ௨እࡶࠕ⾲ࠖࡢఏᰁࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡑࢀࡽࡣ⾜ືࡋ࡚ほᐹྍ⬟࡞㢧ⴭ࡛࡞࠸ሙྜࡶ ከࡃࠊ୍⯡ⓗ➽㟁࡛ィ ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࠸࠺ࡇࡣࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࢧࣝࡢ⾲ఏᰁࡢሗ࿌ࡀ࡞ࡃ࡚ࡶ➽㟁ࡢ࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝ⾲ ࡀఏᰁࡋ࡚࠸ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡑࡢࡇࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊࢧࣝࢆ࣮ࣔࣥ࢟ࢳ࢙ᅛᐃࡋࠊ ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ど⫈ ぬ่⃭ࢆࢧࣝ࿊♧ࡋࠊ⾜ືศᯒࢆ㏻ࡌ⾲ఏᰁࡀ⏕ࡌࡿࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓࠋ ࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊࢧࣝࡢ⾲ື⏬ࢆぢࡏࡓࡁࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞⾜ືࡀほᐹࡉࢀࡓࡀࠊయື࡞ࡢࡁ࡞➽㟁ࡶ㔜␚ࡋࠊ᫂☜࡞⤖ ᯝࡣᚓࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࠋᚋࠊ⊂❧ᡂศศᯒ(ICA)࡞ࢆ⏝࠸ࠊయືࡢࣇࣝࢱ࣮ࡋ࡚㝖ཤࡍࡿ࡞ࡢゎᯒࢆ⾜࠸ࠊື⏬ ᑐᛂࡋࡓ⾲(ࡢ➽⫗)ࡀάືࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࠋ B-81 㑇ఏᏊࣀࢵࢡࢲ࣐࣮࢘ࣥࣔࢭࢵࢺࡢ⾜ືゎᯒ Ώᡃ㒊ဢ㸪㧗ྖ㞞ྐ㸦⏕⌮Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㸧㸪ᑿୖᾈ㝯㸪ᶓᒣࡕࡦࢁ㸦⌮Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸୰ᮧඞᶞ ⚾ࡓࡕࡣࠊ㟋㛗㢮࠾ࡅࡿ㑇ఏᏊࣀࢵࢡࢲ࢘ࣥᐇ㦂⣔ࡢ☜❧ࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢ◊✲ᥦ࡛ࡣࠊ㟋㛗㢮ࣔࢹࣝࡋ࡚ ᪂ୡ⏺ࢨ࡛ࣝ࠶ࡿࢥ࣐࣮ࣔࣥࣔࢭࢵࢺࢆ⏝࠸ࠊshRNA (short hairpin RNA)ࢆᦚ㍕ࡋࡓࢹࣀ㝶క࢘ࣝࢫ࣋ࢡࢱ࣮(AAV) ࢆ⬻ෆὀධࡍࡿࡇ࡛ࠊ㑇ఏᏊⓎ⌧ࢆᢚไࡋࠊㄆ▱⾜ືࡀࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅࡿࢆゎᯒࡋࡓࠋ ࢥ࣐࣮ࣔࣥࣔࢭࢵࢺࡢ AAV ὀධࡣࠊ⌮Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࣛࣇࢧ࢚ࣥࢫᢏ⾡ᇶ┙◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮(CLST)࡛⾜࠸ࠊPET ീ ࡼࡗ࡚┠ⓗ㑇ఏᏊࡢⓎ⌧ᢚไࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋ⌮Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ࠾ࡅࡿ AAV ὀධࡢ๓ᚋࠊ㟋㛗㢮◊✲ᡤ࠾࠸࡚ㄆ▱ᐇ㦂ࢆ ⾜࠸ࠊ㑇ఏᏊࣀࢵࢡࢲ࢘ࣥࡀㄆ▱⾜ືཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪ࢆྠ୍ಶయ࡛ẚ㍑ࡋࡓࠋㄆ▱ᐇ㦂ࡣࠊ୰ᮧᩍᤵࡢ㛤Ⓨࡋࡓࢱࢵࢳࣃ ࢿࣝ᪉ᘧࡢ⾜ືᐇ㦂⨨ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᅗᙧᘚูㄢ㢟ཬࡧࠊ㏫㌿Ꮫ⩦ㄢ㢟ࢆ୰ᚰ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ2013 ᖺᗘࡢᮏ◊✲ㄢ㢟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ ィ 4 㢌ࡢ PET ࢹ࣮ࢱ⾜ືᐇ㦂ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆᚓࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋࡲࡓࡇࢀࡽࡢಶయࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ c-fos ࣐ࢵࣆࣥࢢࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ㑇ఏ ᏊⓎ⌧ᢚไࡀ⬻άືཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪ࡘ࠸࡚ࡼࡾヲ⣽࡞ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ㞟ࡵࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࡣㄽᩥࡋ࡚බ⾲ண ᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ (3) ୍⯡ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ◊✲ C-1 㞷ᆅᇦࡢࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡼࡿὝ❍⏝ࡢࣔࢽࢱࣜࣥࢢ ᯽ᮌྖ㸪ᶓ⏿Ὀᚿ㸦ᐩᒣ࣭Ꮫ㝔࣭⌮ᕤᏛ◊✲㒊㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸㧗ṇᡂ ᐩᒣ┴ᮾ㒊ࡢ㯮㒊ᓙ㇂㚝㔮ᆅᇦ࠾࠸࡚ࠊ㞷ࢆక࠺ཝᮇ࠾ࡅࡿࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢὝ❍⏝ࡘ࠸࡚ㄪᰝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ᪤ ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢㄪᰝ࡛ྠᆅᇦࡢࢧࣝ✰ࡤࢀࡿ㙂ஙὝ୰ࠊཝᮇἥࡋࡓᛮࢃࢀࡿࢧࣝࡢ⣅ࢆほᐹࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏ◊ ✲ㄢ㢟࡛ࡣࠊ㞷ᨾ┤᥋ほᐹࡢᅔ㞴࡞㚝㔮ᆅᇦ࠾࠸࡚ࠊ⮬ືࢭࣥࢧ࣮࣓࢝ࣛࢆ⏝࠸࡚ཝᮇࡢࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡢὝ❍⏝ ࡢᐇែゎ᫂ࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚◊✲ࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ 2013 ᖺ 8 ᭶୰᪪ࡽ 12 ᭶ึ᪪ࡅ࡚ࠊࢧࣝ✰࣍ࢵࢱὝࡤࢀࡿࡘࡢ㙂ஙὝࡢὝཱྀὝෆ࣓࢝ࣛࢆタ⨨ࡋࠊ Ὕ❍⎔ቃ࠾ࡅࡿືస☜ㄆࢆ㐍ࡵࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊὝཱྀタ⨨ࡋࡓ࣓࢝ࣛ࠾࠸࡚ࠊࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࢆࡣࡌࡵࡋ࡚ࣁࢡࣅࢩࣥ ࡸࡆࡗṑ㢮࡞ࡀὝ❍ෆධࡋࡓࡇࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋࡉࡽࠊ11 ᭶୰᪪ࡢ㝆㞷ࢆక࠺ᛴ⃭࡞Ẽ పୗࠊ࣍ࢵࢱὝὝ ཱྀ㏆ࡢὝෆ࡛ᩘ㢌ࡢࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝࡼࡿࢧࣝᅋᏊࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊእ᮶✀ࡢࣁࢡࣅࢩࣥࡢ㚝㔮ᆅ ᇦࡢධࢆㄽᩥࡋ࡚ሗ࿌ࡋࡓ(᯽ᮌ࣭▮㔝ࠊ2014)ࠋ12 ᭶ึ᪪௨㝆ࠊࢧࣝ✰ὝཱྀὝෆࡢィ 2 ⟠ᡤ࣓࢝ࣛࢆタ⨨ࡋ࡚ ࠾ࡾࠊࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࡣධᒣྍ⬟࡞ 2014 ᖺ 4 ᭶ᮎ௨㝆ุ᫂ࡍࡿࠋ ᯽ᮌྖ㺃▮㔝⯟㸪2014(༳ๅ୰)㸪㯮㒊ᓙ㇂㚝㔮ᆅᇦࡢࣁࢡࣅࢩࣥ㸬ᐩᒣࡢ⏕≀㸪no. 53㸬 C-2 㝈ࡢࢧࣝ࠾ࡅࡿಖ་Ꮫⓗ◊✲ ㏆Ụಇᚨ㸪▼ዉ✑⨾㸪⩚ᒣఙ୍㸪ྡษᖾᯞ㸦᪥⋇࣭⋇་㸧㸪ὸᕝ‶ᙪ㸦㓗㎰Ꮫᅬ㸧㸪୰すࡏࡘᏊ㸦NPO ἲே࠺ࡪ ࡘࡓࡕࡢ㝔㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸ᕝᮏⰾ ୡ⏺᭱㝈⏕ᜥࡍࡿ㔝⏕㟋㛗㢮࡛࠶ࡿ㟷᳃┴ୗ༙ᓥࡢࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝ(㝈ࡢࢧࣝ)ࡣࠊ1970 ᖺᅜࡢኳ↛グᛕ≀ᣦᐃ ࡉࢀࠊࡲࡓ 1991 ᖺࡢ⎔ቃ┬∧ࣞࢵࢻࣜࢫࢺ࡛ࡣࠕಖㆤ␃ពࡍࡁᆅᇦಶయ⩌ࠖࡋ࡚グ㍕ࡉࢀࡓ㈗㔜࡞⏕≀࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡑࡢ୍᪉࡛ࠊಶయᩘࡢᅇࡶ㎰స≀⿕ᐖࡸேᐙධ⿕ᐖ࡞ࡀከⓎࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ⌧ᅾಶయᩘㄪᩚ(㟷᳃┴➨ 3 ḟ≉ᐃ 㫽⋇ಖㆤ⟶⌮ィ⏬)ࡢࡓࡵᤕẅࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ⾜ᨻ㐃ᦠࡋ㝈ࡢࢧࣝࡢಶయ⩌⟶⌮ᙺ❧ࡘಖ་Ꮫⓗ ࡞ࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮ࢆ✚ࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊ2013 ᖺ 4 ᭶㹼11 ᭶ࡢⅬ࡛ 57 ᳨యࡢᶆᮏࢆ㞟ࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ๓ᖺᗘࡲ࡛ࡢ᳨యࡶྵࡵࢤࣀ ࣒ DNA ࡼࡾ Y-STR 3 ᗙ(n=55㹼67)ࡢ㑇ఏᏊᆺࢆゎᯒࡋࠊ᪤ἲࡢ⚟ᓥࡢࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝ(⚟ᓥࡢࢧࣝ)㞟ᅋẚ㑇ఏⓗከᵝ ᛶࡀప࠸ᗙࡸ᪂つぢฟࡉࢀࡓࣞࣝࢆಖ᭷ࡍࡿᗙࠊ㑇ఏᏊᵓᡂࡢᆅᇦ㛫ᕪ␗(ഴྥ)ࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓࠋ31 ࡢ⾑ᾮᛶ≧ࡢ ゎᯒ࡛ࡣࠊゎᯒྍ⬟ಶయ࠾࠸࡚ࠊⓑ⾑⌫ᩘ 146.3102/ȣLs52.6102(ⱝ㱋ಶయ n=11)ࠊ134.3102/ȣLs59.4102(ᡂ య n=14)ࠋ㉥⾑⌫ᩘ 533.510㸲/ȣLs91.9104(ⱝ㱋ಶయ n=11)ࠊ510.7104/ȣLs134.1104(ᡂయ n=17)ࡢ⤖ᯝࢆᚓࡓࠋ ᚋࠊゎᯒᩘࢆቑࡸࡋࡉࡽࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮ࢆ⢭ᰝࡍࡿணᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ C-3 ୗ༙ᓥ⏕ᜥࡍࡿࢽ࣍ࣥࢨࣝ㸦Macaca fuscata㸧ࡢᐤ⏕࠾ࡼࡧឤᰁ㛵ࡍࡿᏛㄪᰝ ὸᕝ‶ᙪ㸪ⴗཎඞ㑻㸪ᮧᯇᗣ㸪ᒸᮏᐇ㸪Ώ㎶ὒᏊ㸪୕れ㸦㓗㎰࣭⋇་㸧 ᡤෆᑐᛂ⪅㸸ᒸᮏ᐀⿱ 㧙㧙