中国の大学生の結婚観に関する意識調査

᪥ᚰ➨ 㻣㻟 ᅇ኱఍䠄㻞㻜㻜㻥䠅㻌
Ⓨ㐩㻌 㻟㻭㻹㻝㻠㻟㻌
୰ᅜࡢ኱Ꮫ⏕ࡢ⤖፧ほ࡟㛵ࡍࡿព㆑ㄪᰝ
‫▼ۑ‬㔝㝧Ꮚ㸯 ࣭ 㧗 ೺㸰㠀఍ဨ
㸦 ᓥ᰿኱Ꮫᩍ⫱Ꮫ㒊࣭㸰ኳὠ୰་⸆኱Ꮫ㸧
࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ: 㟷ᖺᮇࠊ⤖፧ほࠊ୰ᅜ
㸯
Attitudes toward Marriage in Chinese Undergraduate Students
Yoko ISHINO1 and Jian GAO2,#
1
( Shimane University, 2 Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine)
Key words: adolescence, marital attitude, China
┠ ⓗ
ᑡ⏘ࢆ᪋⟇࡛ㄏᑟࡋᑡᏊ໬♫఍࡟࡞ࡗࡓ୰ᅜ࡜ࠊᵝࠎ࡞Ꮚ
⫱࡚ᨭ᥼᪋⟇ࡀᩚ࠸ࡘࡘ࠶ࡿ࡟ࡶ࠿࠿ࢃࡽࡎᑡᏊ໬ࡀ⥆ࡃ᪥
ᮏ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ୧ᅜࡢ㟷ᖺ㐩࣭ⱝ࠸᪤፧⪅㐩ࡣࠊ⤖፧ࡸᏊ⫱࡚ࠊ
ᐙ᪘ࠊࡑࡋ࡚ࡑࢀࡽࢆྲྀࡾᕳࡃไᗘ࡞࡝ࢆ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟⪃࠼ࠊ
ᐙ᪘ࢆᕠࡿㅖၥ㢟࡬࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺࠿ࠋ
≉࡟ࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᑡᏊ໬ഴྥࡀᏊ⫱࡚࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚
࠼ࡿࡢ࠿ࢆ⢭ᰝࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ᵝࠎ࡞᪥୰ẚ㍑◊✲ࡀ⾜
࡞ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦౛࠼ࡤࠊ౫⏣㸪1997㸹ᒸᮏ㸪2002㸹ጧࡽ㸪2002㸧ࠋ
ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢඛ⾜◊✲ࡣࠊ2002 ᖺ௨๓࡟ 30 ṓ௦௨ୖࡢ
ዪᛶࢆㄪᰝᑐ㇟⪅࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢㄪᰝ࡟࠾ࡅ
ࡿㄪᰝᑐ㇟⪅ࡣ୍ேࡗᏊᨻ⟇㛤ጞ௨๓࡟⏕ࡲࢀࡓୡ௦࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ࡑࡇ୍࡛ேࡗᏊᨻ⟇㛤ጞᚋࡢ᪥ᮏ࡜୰ᅜࡢ㟷ᖺ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⤖
፧ほ࣭Ꮚ⫱࡚ほࢆㄪᰝࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ᪥ᮏࡢ኱Ꮫ⏕࡟⤖፧ほࡸ
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࡜࡜⮬ศࡸᐙ᪘࡟㈐௵ࡀ⏕ࡌࡿ࡜࠸࠺༳㇟ࡀᙉ࠸ᵝᏊ࡛࠶ࡗ
ࡓࠋ3/4 ⛬ᗘࡢ⪅ࡀ⤖፧ࡋࡓ࠸࡜⪃࠼࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡑࡢ⌮⏤࡜ࡋ
࡚ࡣඛ࡟ᣲࡆࡓᚰ⌮ⓗస⏝ࡸᐙᗞࢆ⠏ࡃࡇ࡜࡟ᕼᮃࢆࡶࡗ࡚
࠸ࡿࡓࡵ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ⤖፧࡟⮳ࡿ᮲௳࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ⤒῭ⓗ
⮬❧ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࡢࡕ࡛࡞࠸࡜㞴ࡋ࠸࡜⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿ⪅ࡶ඲యࡢ
1/4 ࡳࡽࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ⩏ົឤࡸᅛᐃほᛕࠊ࿘ᅖ࠿ࡽࡢᮇᚅ࠿
ࡽ⤖፧ࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸࡜⟅࠼࡚࠸ࡿ⪅ࡶᑡᩘᏑᅾࡋࡓࠋ
ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ୍ேࡗᏊᨻ⟇㛤ጞ௨๓࡟⏕ࡲࢀࡓ㟷ᖺᮇࡢ⏨
ዪࡣ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞⤖፧ほࢆࡶࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࠿ࢆㄪᰝࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢண
ഛⓗ◊✲࡜ࡋ࡚఩⨨࡙ࡅࠊᑡேᩘ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚㞟ᅋ㠃᥋ࢆ⾜࡞࠺ࠋ
᪉ ἲ
ㄪᰝᑐ㇟㸸୰ᅜࡢ኱Ꮫ࡟㏻࠺ᚰ⌮Ꮫࢆᑓᨷࡍࡿ኱Ꮫ⏕࡛࠶ࡗ
ࡓࠋ⏨ᛶ㸴ྡࠊዪᛶ㸵ྡࠊྜィ 13 ྡ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋᖺ㱋ᖹᆒࡣ
22.00 ṓ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ(ᖺ㱋⠊ᅖ 21㸫23 ṓ)ࠋ
ㄪᰝ᫬ᮇ㸸2009 ᖺ㸱᭶࡟⾜࡞ࢃࢀࡓࠋ
ㄪᰝ᪉ἲ㸸༙ᵓ㐀ⓗ㞟ᅋ㠃᥋࡟࡚⾜࡞ࡗࡓࠋㄪᰝᑐ㇟⪅ࡣ㸰
⩌࡟ศࡅࡽࢀࡓࠋ㸯ᅇ┠ࡣ⏨ᛶ㸱ྡ࣭ዪᛶ㸱ྡࠊ㸰ᅇ┠ࡣ⏨
ᛶ㸱ྡ࣭ዪᛶ㸲ྡࡀཧຍࡋࡓࠋ
ㄪᰝෆᐜ㸸㸯㸬⤖፧ࡑࡢࡶࡢ࡬ࡢ⪃࠼ࠊ㸰㸬⤖፧ࡋࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ
࠺࠿࡝࠺࠿࡜ࡑࡢ⌮⏤ࠊ㸱㸬⤖፧࡟⮳ࡿ᮲௳
⤖ ᯝ ࡜ ⪃ ᐹ
㸯㸬⤖፧ࡑࡢࡶࡢ࡬ࡢ⪃࠼㸸⏕άࡑࡢࡶࡢࡀᏳᐃࡍࡿࠊ⤒῭
ⓗ࡟Ᏻᐃࡍࡿࠊዲࡁ࡞ே࡜୍⥴࡟࠸ࡿࠊᐙࢆཷࡅ⥅࠸࡛࠸ࡃ࣭
ṧࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࠊ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ⤖፧࠿ࡽ࢖࣓࣮ࢪࡍࡿ࡜ࡢࡇ࡜࡛
࠶ࡗࡓࠋ⏕άࡢᏳᐃ࡞࡝ࡣ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡶࡼࡃぢཷࡅࡽࢀࡿᅇ⟅࡛
ࡣ࠶ࡿࡀࠊᐙࢆཷࡅ⥅࠸࡛࠸ࡃࡶࡢࠊ࡜ᙉㄪࡋ࡚⟅࠼ࡿ⪅ࡣ
᪥ᮏࡢㄪᰝ㸦▼㔝࣭ΎỈ㸪2009㸧࡛ࡣࡳࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ୍ே
ࡗᏊᨻ⟇㛤ጞᚋࡢୡ௦࡛࠶ࡿࡢ࡟ᐙࢆཷࡅ⥅࠸࡛࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀ
࠿࡞ࢃ࡞࠸࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࡬ࡢ᢬ᢠࡣ࡞࠸ࡢ࠿ࠊ࡜࠸࠺㉁
ၥ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊᐇ㝿ࡢ࡜ࡇࢁࠊ୍ேࡗᏊࡢᐙᗞࡀ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝࡜
࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣ࡞࠸ࡓࡵࠊ࠶ࡲࡾᚰ㓄ࡣ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠊ࡜࠸
࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋᐇ㝿࡟ᮏㄪᰝࡢཧຍ⪅ࡢ࠺ࡕࠊ༙ᩘࡣ඗ᘵ
ࡀ࠾ࡾࠊᙼࡽࡢ཭ே࡞࡝ࢆ⪃࠼࡚ࡶ࠾࠾ࡴࡡࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞๭ྜ
࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠊ࡜ࡢࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
㸰㸬⤖፧ࡋࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠺࠿࡝࠺࠿࡜ࡑࡢ⌮⏤㸸⤖፧ࡋࡓ࠸࡜⪃
࠼ࡿ⪅ࡣࠊ⏨ᛶ㸱ྡ࣭ዪᛶ㸲ྡࠊ⤖፧ࡋࡓࡃ࡞࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡿ⪅
ࡣ⏨ᛶ㸱ྡ࣭ዪᛶ㸱ྡ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ⤖፧ࡋࡓ࠸⌮⏤࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ
ᐙᗞࢆ⠏ࡁḟୡ௦ࢆ⫱࡚ࡓ࠸ࠊዲࡁ࡞ே࡜୍⥴࡟࠸ࡓ࠸ࠊ࡜
࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀࡓࠋ⤖፧ࡋࡓࡃ࡞࠸⌮⏤࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ⏨ዪ
࡜ࡶ⮬ᕫᐇ⌧࡟ࡴࡅ࡚ຮᙉ࡟ἐ㢌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵ඲ࡃ㛵ᚰࡀ࡞
࠸ࠊ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ⤖፧ࡋࡓࡃ࡞࠸࡜⟅࠼ࡓ⪅ࡢ࠺ࡕ
኱Ꮫ㝔㐍Ꮫࢆ⪃࠼ཷ㦂ࡋ⤖ᯝⓎ⾲ᚅࡕ࡜࠸࠺⪅ࡀ㸰ྡ࠸ࡓࡀࠊ
࡝ࡕࡽࡶᑗ᮶ࡣ኱Ꮫᩍဨ࡟࡞ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ᕼᮃࢆࡶࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ
㸱㸬⤖፧࡟⮳ࡿ᮲௳㸸ぶࡸぶ᪘ࡢᢎㅙࢆᚲࡎᚓࡿࡇ࡜ࠊࡇࢀ
ࡀ᭱ࡶ㔜せ࡞ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿ࡜Ⓨゝࡍࡿ⪅ࡀ࠸ࡿ࡜ࠊⓙ୍ᵝ࡟㢔
࠸࡚࠸ࡓࠋ୰ᅜ࡛ࡣ⤖፧ࡣᐙࢆཷࡅ⥅࠸࡛࠸ࡃࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ࠿
ࡽࠊぶࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎぶ᪘࠿ࡽ๓ࡶࡗ࡚ᢎㅙࢆᚓࡿࡢࡣᙜ↛ࡢࡇ
࡜࡛ࠊᢎㅙࡀ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ⤯ᑐ࡟ฟ᮶࡞࠸ࠊ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
┦ᡭࡢ⫋ᴗ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ≉࡟㢪ᮃࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ⤖፧ᚋࠊࡶࡋࡶࠊ
┦ᡭࡀ㌿໅࡞࡝࡛ᐙࢆ㞳ࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࢀࡤࠊ࡝࠺ࡍࡿࡢ࠿ࠊ
࡜࠸࠺ၥ࠸࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ⮬ศࡀ௙஦ࢆ㎡ࡵ࡚ྠ⾜ࡍࡿ࡜ゝ࠺
ࡇ࡜ࡣ඲ࡃ⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࠊ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡑࢀࡣࠊ⤒
῭ⓗ⌮⏤ࡀ᭱ࡓࡿ⌮⏤࡛ࡣ࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊࡑࡢ௚ࠊ㎡ࡵࡓ࠶࡜⮬
ศࡀ⮬ศ࡛࡞ࡃ࡞ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ឤࡌࡿࠊ㎡ࡵࡓ࠶࡜ࡢ⤒῭ⓗၥ㢟
௨እࡢ⮬ศࡢ⏕άࡢಖ㞀ࡀ࡞࠸࠿ࡽࠊ࡞࡝࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕
ࡢ႙ኻ࡬ࡢ༴ᶵឤ࡜㛵㐃ࡍࡿⓎゝࡀከ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
ᘬ⏝ᩥ⊩
▼㔝㝧Ꮚ࣭ΎỈᐶஅ㸦2009㸧㸬㟷ᖺࡢ⤖፧ほ࣭Ꮚ⫱࡚ほ࡟㛵ࡍ
ࡿㄪᰝ◊✲ ᪥ᮏⓎ㐩ᚰ⌮Ꮫ఍➨ 20 ᅇ኱఍Ⓨ⾲ㄽᩥ㞟㸪
(Ishino, Y., & Shimizu, H.)
ጧ Ἴ࣭బࠎᮌṇ⨾࣭ඵ㔜ᶔ∾Ꮚ࣭ᚎ ♽⎟࣭▼ᕝ░Ꮚ㸦2002㸧㸬
ᒸᒣ࣭ୖᾏ࣭኱㐃࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏊ⫱࡚࡟㛵ࡍࡿẚ㍑⪃ᐹ ᕝ
ᓮ་⒪⚟♴Ꮫ఍ㄅ 12, 197-208.
(Jinag, B., Sasaki, M., Yaegashi, M., Xu, Z. Q., & Ishikawa,
R.(2002). Comparative Study on Child-Raising in Okayama,
Shanghai and Dalian. Kawasaki medical welfare journal, 12,
197-208. )
ᒸᮏ♸Ꮚ㸦2002㸧㸬ᡂேዪᛶࡢ࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕࠾ࡼࡧᏊ⫱࡚
ព ㆑ ࡟ 㛵 ࡍ ࡿ ᪥ ୰ ẚ ㍑ ◊ ✲ ᪥ ᮏ ᐙ ᨻ Ꮫ ఍ ㄅ 53,
193-198.
(Okamoto, Y.(2002). A Comparative Study on the Sense of
Identity and Child-Rearing between Japanese and Chinese
Women in Adulthood. Journal of home economics of Japan,
53, 193-198.)
౫⏣ ᫂(⦅ⴭ)㸦1997㸧㸬ᑡᏊ᫬௦ࡢᏊ࡝ࡶࡓࡕ ࣈ࣮ࣞࣥฟ
∧
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