Processed meats do cause cancer

C2-2015-unit31-B-加工肉
Processed meats do cause cancer - WHO
Processed meats - such as bacon, sausages and ham - do cause cancer, according to the
World Health Organization (WHO).
1) Its report said 50g of processed meat a day - less than two slices of bacon increased the chance of developing colorectal cancer by 18%. Meanwhile, it said
red meats were "probably carcinogenic" but there was limited evidence. The WHO
did stress that meat also had health benefits. 中略
What is processed meat?
2) Processed meat has been modified to either extend its shelf life or change the taste and the main methods
are smoking, curing, or adding salt or preservatives. Simply putting beef through a mincer does not mean
the resulting mince is "processed" unless it is modified further.
3） Processed meat includes bacon, sausages, hot dogs, salami, corned beef, beef jerky and ham as well as
canned meat and meat-based sauces.
4) It is the chemicals involved in the processing which could be increasing the risk of cancer. High
temperature cooking, such as on a barbeque, can also create carcinogenic chemicals. In the UK, around six
out of every 100 people get bowel cancer at some point in their lives.
5） If they were all given an extra 50g of bacon a day for the rest of their lives then the risk would increase
by 18% to around seven in 100 people getting bowel cancer. "So that's one extra case of bowel cancer in all
those 100 lifetime bacon-eaters," argued Sir David Spiegelhalter, a risk professor from the University of
Cambridge.
How bad?
6) The WHO has come to the conclusion on the advice of its International Agency for Research on Cancer,
which assesses the best available scientific evidence.
7) It has now placed processed meat in the same category as plutonium, but also alcohol as they definitely
do cause cancer. However, this does not mean they are equally dangerous. A bacon sandwich is not as bad
as smoking.
8) "For an individual, the risk of developing colorectal (bowel) cancer because of their consumption of
processed meat remains small, but this risk increases with the amount of meat consumed," Dr Kurt Straif
from the WHO said.
9) That is in contrast to one million deaths from cancer caused by smoking and 600,000 attributed to
alcohol each year. Red meat does have nutritional value too and is a major source of iron, zinc and vitamin
B12.
10) However, the WHO said there was limited evidence that 100g of red meat a day increased the risk of
cancer by 17%. The WHO said its findings were important for helping countries give balanced dietary
advice. 中略
11) The industry body the Meat Advisory Panel said "avoiding red meat in the diet is not a protective
strategy against cancer" and said the focus should be alcohol, smoking and body weight.【26 October 2015／
BBC News website By James Gallagher Health editor】
carcinogenic:発がん性の※発がん性物質（carcinogen）shelf life:品質保持期間 cure: (乾燥、塩漬け、燻製により)肉等を保
存する preservative:防腐剤 mincer:肉挽き機 corned beef:コーンビーフ bowel:腸 colorectal:結腸直腸の zinc:亜鉛
☆Ice breaker for active discussion☆
☆
WHO の専門組織である国際がん研究機関
1. Do you often eat processed meat? Were you shocked about the news?
（ IARC: The International Agency of
2. The article also mentioned about red meat. How do you feel about this?
Research on Cancer）は、調査・実験結果
に基づいて、物質や生活環境の発がん性リ
3. Did this article made you want to change your diet?
スクを評価し、定期的に発表している。今
4. The news also mentioned about alcohol and smoking.
回、IARC は加工肉を最もリスクの高いグル
Why do you think keeping away from them is difficult for some people?
ープ 1=Carcinogenic to humans（ヒトに対
して発がん性である）に分類された。IARC
5. Are you doing something for your weight control? What are they?
6. Make sentences using the following words: shelf life, preservative, bowel によると、加工肉の過剰摂取が原因のがん
による年間死者数は推定 3 万 4000 人。これ
mince, attribute and consumption.
に対し、喫煙が原因のがんによる年間死者
NEWS de TALK by PHILOS
数は推定 100 万人、またアルコールが原因
のがんは同様に 60 万人という。