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2014年度第1回GSC-セミナーの要旨 - Department of Materials Science

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2014年度第1回GSC-セミナーの要旨 - Department of Materials Science
 Seminar on Green Sustainable
Chemistry in Tottori (2014-1)
日時:2014 年 5 月 23 日(金) 13:20〜15:30 場所:鳥取大学大学院工学研究科大講義室 鳥取市湖山町南 4-101 主催 鳥取大学グリーン・サスティナブル・ケミストリー (GSC)研究センター プログラム 開会挨拶 センター長 伊藤 敏幸 13:30-14:30:座長 伊藤 敏幸 小林 修 (東京大学大学院理学系研究科 教授) 「Immobilized Catalysts for Green Sustainable Chemistry」 14:30-15:30:座長 櫻井 敏彦 伊原 博隆 (熊本大学大学院自然科学研究科(工学・化学系) 教授, 熊本大学副学長) 「Supramolecular Gels」 閉会 1
Shū Kobayashi
Professor Shū Kobayashi studied at the University of Tokyo, receiving his Ph.D. in 1988
working under the direction of Professor T. Mukaiyama. Following an initial period as
assistant professor, he was promoted to lecturer then associate professor at Science
University of Tokyo (SUT). In 1998, he moved to the Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, the University of Tokyo, as full professor. In 2007, he was appointed to his
current position as professor of Organic Chemistry in the Department of Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, the University of Tokyo. He has held various visiting professorships,
including the Universite Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg (1993), Kyoto University (1995),
Nijmegen University (1996), Philipps-University of Marburg (1997), Paris-Sud (2010).
Professor Kobayashi has wide-ranging research interests that include the development of
new synthetic methods and novel catalysts, organic reactions in water, solid-phase
synthesis, total synthesis of biologically interesting compounds, and organometallic
chemistry. He has held numerous named lectureships and is a recipient of many prestigious
awards, including the Chemical Society of Japan Award for Young Chemists (1991),
Springer Award in Organometallic Chemistry (1997), IBM Science Award (2001), Organic
Reactions Lecturer (2002), Nagoya Silver Medal (2002), Mitsui Chemical Catalysis
Science Award (2005), JSPS Prize (2005), the Arthur C. Cope Scholar Award from the
American Chemical Society (2006), Howard Memorial Lecturer (2006), C.S. Hamilton
Award (2007), Merck-Cambridge Lecturer (2007), Humboldt Research Award (2013), and
Green Chemistry Minister of Education Award (2013).
2
Immobilized Catalysts for Green Sustainable Chemistry
Shū Kobayashi
Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo
Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract
Homogeneous catalysts and heterogeneous catalysts have merits and demerits that are
somehow conflict. “Dream catalysts” have both merits, and in this lecture our trials to
develop “dream catalysts” are described. Several types of metal nanoclusters as
immobilized catalysts for reduction, oxidation, and C-C bond-forming reactions including
asymmetric catalysis will be discussed. For example, we have developed heterogeneous
polymer-incarcerated nickel nanoparticles, which catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. The
matrix structure of these catalysts incorporates both N-heterocycle carbenes as ligands and
nickel nanoparticles, thanks to a new design of cross-linking agents in polymer supports.
These embedded NHCs were detected by Field Gradient Swollen-Resin Magic Angle
Spinning (FG-SRMAS) NMR analysis. They were successfully applied to Corriu–
Kumada–Tamao reactions with a broad substrate scope including functional group
tolerance, and the catalyst could be recovered and reused several times without loss of
activity.
Polymer
x
y
Microencapsulation
z
+ Metal
O
O
O
OH
HO
O
M
M
M
O
O M
HOM M OH
Polymer
OH
O
crosslinking
O
HO
M
M MOH
M
O M
M
OH
O
Polymer
Polymer
4
References
1) R. Akiyama, S. Kobayashi, Chem. Rev. 2009, 109, 594.
2) S. Kobayashi, H. Miyamura, Chem. Rec. 2010, 10, 271.
3) T. Yasukawa, H. Miyamura, S. Kobayashi, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 16963.
4) J.-F. Soulé, H. Miyamura, S. Kobayashi, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 10602.
5) H. Miyamura, G. C. Y. Choo, T. Yasukawa, W.-J. Yoo, S. Kobayashi, Chem. Commun.
2013, 49, 9917.
6) S. Kobayashi, H. Miyamura, Aldrichimica Acta 2013, 46, 3.
7) T. Yasukawa, H. Miyamura, S. Kobayashi, Chem. Soc. Rev. 2014. DOI:
10.1039/c3cs60298b.
3
Hirotaka Ihara
He was born in Kita-kyushu, Fukuoka in 1954.
He received B.S. (1977) and M.S. (1979) degrees from Kumamoto University under the
direction of Prof. Kimiho Yamada in Synthetic Chemistry. He received a Ph.D. (1982)
from Kyushu University under the direction of Prof. Toyoki Kunitake in Polymer
Chemistry.
He became Professor in Kumamoto University (1997). He is now the leader of the
Supramolecular Chemistry Group at the Department of Applied Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Kumamoto University as well as Vice President of Kumamoto University
for International Affairs.
Keywords for current research fields: molecular assembling for supramolecular chemistry;
nano-architecture
based
on
highly-ordered
systems;
functional
molecular
gels;
photo-electro organics, and so on. His achievements have been reported as 300 journal
papers and 100 patents.
4
Supramolecular Gels
Hirotaka IHARA
Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University, Japan
Kumamoto Institute for Photo-Electro Organics, Japan
E-mail: [email protected]
URL: http://www.chem.kumamoto-u.ac.jp/~iahra/
Abstract
Gels are generally defined as a dilute cross-linked system, which exhibits no flow but
mostly composed of a liquid. Therefore, a gel state is often observed by chemical
crosslinking of well-dispersed amorphous polymers to produce three dimensional network.
On the other hand, our gels1 are absolutely different from these conventional gels because
the gel state can be achieved by fibrillar aggregation of low-molecular-weight compounds
but not polymers, and therefore the resultant gels show supramolecular functions through
formation of highly-ordered secondary structures.
This paper introduces our basic idea to create supramolecular gels and some
applications. Some of our successful examples are found in peptide-based derivatives. For
example, a lipophilic L-glutamide derivative, which is prepared by introduction of a
chromophoric group and two long chain alkyl groups via amide bonds into L-glutamic acid,
behaves as a gelator in organic solvents such as benzene, toluene and cyclohexane. TEM
and SEM observation indicate that the L-glutamide forms nano-fibrillar aggregates and the
gelation can be brought about by three-dimensional network formation.
This paper also demonstrates that the obtained nano-fibrillar aggregates show unique
optical properties in CD and fluorescent spectra when pyrene is selected as a chromophoric
group.2-4 For example, an excimeric fluoresce can be observed in gel-forming solvents but
not in the others. This is due to high molecular ordering among pyrene moieties, and as a
result high Stokes shift is realized. This phenomenon is fortunately performed even in
polymer films such as polystyrene and PMMA.5-7 In this paper, we also demonstrate the
application as a light-management film for power conversion enhancement of solar cells.
The enhancement of power conversion efficiency can be due to high Stokes shift realizing
the wavelength conversion from UV-A to useful visible light.
1. H. Ihara, M. Takafuji, T. Sakurai, Encyclopedia of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology,
American Scientific Publishers, California, Vol. 9, p.473, 2004.
2. M. Takafuji, A. Ishiodori, T. Yamada, T. Sakurai, H. Ihara, Chem. Comm., p.1122,
2004
3. H. Jintoku, T. Sagawa, K. Miyamoto, M. Takafuji, H. Ihara, Chem. Comm., Vol.46,
p.7208, 2010.
4. H. Jintoku, T. Sagawa, M. Takafuji, H. Ihara, Chem. Eur. J., Vol.17, p.11628, 2011.
5. H. Jintoku, H. Ihara, Chem. Comm., Vol.48, p.1144, 2012.
6. H. Jintoku, Y. Okazaki, M. Takafuji, H. Ihara, Chem. Lett., Vol.42, p.1297, 2013.
7. H. Jintoku, M. Yamaguchi, M. Takafuji, H. Ihara, Adv. Funct. Mat., in prints.
5
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