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No.28 (2008 October) 1 jjj FY¢78!C!JN (http://www.chem.eng.osaka-u.ac.jp/FBC/) 0/ 2 The power of the dream &4 ^¡!X>E<JN1¡ 1/ 2/ '.+(%, Q 3 b`! jjjj @|WG_}b!. D#:j nrqjmpvsuuwjlqwqovprjktwxsxyxq¡ _ i\V|z{~~T/ j j K]M (!!d)!JNd¡j 3 4 10 3/ $#"! I'5=j c,O!!dA!RJNL¡ "SM j 9!!d6g0L!JNL¡ 0%j (+O!!dfB)!JNL¡j 18 4/ j *~h-aH3[$ ?Dj ePL!2Z!d! JNL¡ 27 5/ )&-*) Uj j 9);!CA)!JNL¡ 32 6/ '.+(%, 36 40 No.28 (2008 October) î î î 2 The power of the dream î őÓŒ(I.Ť«b Pî i+î î î î òŁōŏĺīĪ5(I¤«óĒĔčĐ8 ĖŌĶŐĖRëËĕ:¯|Ĩéûï`ÑõĊăěąð13 S ĖtĖvđĖ¤«őH(I¤«ï® 23 1ŌĶŐ-ŒùĢæħčĐûĊŇŏĽŐĒăĐïěĊjN ĔõòóĖŇŏĽŐĒăĐāe3ĨéõĊĞĖĒ]õěąð ěĆtĕ 26 1ĖŌĶŐđĞ,őCŒùĢ´úôģěăĊġöĕSĖ1 uĕ± Ė®10 8Ė¤« ĨvđåąĤĀĒúđûïěĊAýĖlñĕ-$éûïđôčĊĀĒĕÎĖĒăĐ`ÑõĊăěąð òĎýĤ5(IóĨĺŐŅĒăĐÌJăĊ¿pĕėïÀĢú"ÂĒõöâĕØĨ¹ýĒĒĞĕzaÐĪłōŐĸ ĕæħčĐûĊĀĒĖĀċħģĞôģěăĊð ĀĀ 10 SģėòĿĻıļņłōijĭįĻóğòÄÕ 3000 łōijĭįĻóĕÆĒĂĥĤ5²ĨzaąĤH_< Ĩ¸ºĕÊwąĤdzÞÐĕ;ďý¤«úőAýĖ°Ĩ üÙĩđŒÜOăĐûěăĊðĈĖµxï¥ùĕĈ ĀĕôĤdzėNăùĤġöĕĔčĐûěăĊðăùăï¡ğIJĴĺņĖÊėēĀěđđûĊĖđăĠö ùð lđïzaÐĪłōŐĸĨÛĄĊ5IJĴĺņĖÊĖÍĜùĢĞAýĖaxúěĥĐûĐõěąðH ğÕùĢ5IJĴĺņĖÊğYĨ eąĕėĀĥĢĖ¤«axúcý{ăĂĥĐõýĀĒú[ÇđôĦ öĒ¼÷ĐõěąðTvS 7 u1Ėò(IĒQyóĕßúò5©IĒÕ©IĨĎĔþ(IĒóĒõöR ëËĨsùĥĐøĢĥěăĊúïòŁōŏĺīĪ5(I¤«óėĈĖáÇĔX!ĨxĊąđôĦö]õěąð fģÚčĐÈěąĒ13S ĖtĖvđĖ¤«őH(I¤«ŒėWoCĖ£ő)àCŒ ĖøÎđ,Fĝï30 /*ĘĨZĕ#ôĚĥĤŇŏĽŐú'ĉĦõăĊĴĶŐĻđăĊðNăèúª ĞčĊçÃĖĕģĔúĢýBĨÏĢĥĤlĕïÀĖÝúēöĔĤĖù¨ÀØĒăĐõĊoĕï ľŎŐĨÔõïěĊ06%ĨéõĐûĊĒ]õěąð ĈöõöľŎŐĨÁõĕVû¶üïĂĢĕOĂćĐõýĀĒúC đôĤĀĒĕ 1Ė,äĖRëËÛ ģõėôģěćĩð¤«>úCûý?(ăïİōŐĽŋĔĕqĂĥĐõĤ¦ĕøõĐĈĥėKnĔ ĀĒđėĔõùĞăĥěćĩð ĀĖ@Ė)ĮŊŏŀĹįđmvĖEHĵŁĻńŐŋĸŐņė^ìĖãŇķŋĨcĕăěăĊðBĕ4ùčĐ[ ĕ¬Č4ùöGėAýĖ`&Ĩ÷ĐýĥěăĊðòThe power of the dreamóðĀĥėvđĖ¤«Ė»SĖĪ ĻʼnŏĶĮŊŏŀĹįĖåUđ~ħĥĊrđąúïBĨ#ĕÜĩđõýGė©I½ĕĞÛĖĞĖđăĠöð î î kĊĔĴĺĹłĕ×ĜăĊŁōŏĺīĪ5(I¤«đėVû·ûïSíĨ7ħĆïBĨÏģ2čĐõý >đôģ·ÿĐ}ăõĒ]õěąðĎĖHïĎĖÒĨMĕÉLąĤïÉąĤïÊąĤĒõö¢hĔ G'đ©Iĕ4û2õïgăïÀĢĖBĨÏĤðĈĖµxĒăĐkĊĔĬļŃŐIJňŏúěĥĤðăĐyï y¤«đėĜćĔõĞĖĨ¾ađûĤ>đôĤĀĒð¤«ėJĖê9ĕdĤĀĒĔý¤«½úoĨ Ö÷ĐïĈöõöG'ĨDöĀĒĔýOăĐõý=đôģ·ÿĤĀĒĨ§\ăĐõěąð őĔùĄěî ĒăęĦî [email protected]Œ No.28 (2008 October) 3 % )' *% "!&)' + *% (+ *% " #$+ *% + )7p).).^.tiol 2008 5 9 I 18 GîJï¤Á 20 Gî$ï¸ 3 G·Å¯±²M4O).¬¤¨ÎçëßÕ·²r3 #ÞÊ Ì.ÓëäÔËåî0|,"òM4O).2a>DB索įL¹GL._ Rw.ÞÊÌØÏÝêÔíàêëØÉÈ_!.io£ÀºãÕÚðÑÕÚì-.i o¥¬ÃÓëäÔË峡Âv¹ñG³610 ·£ÀÇ°9G¹¥M%F»C¬ Ã(³¡±¯¯¾*¸3Ä¥@<ªÄ¯¥6¢·¿®Ä¼µ)¦§*¥3Äé´¿¶§c}138 äÕ×íc} 256 ¸c}¥|ÅÄUc·ªÄ¯#¹ÈÛÞëÕÚØÏÝêÔíâêÐèå(ATP)´«² 12 ¸Os¤Á¸c}¿|Åį½¯·j¬ 4 ¸yAc}v·X¥ÁÄ4 ¸ìio ÀÂ?·²]£Àº¥ ªÄ¯ h HîM)ìE&ï+[=zd·1¬ÃW8·1;«¯ DNA ¸f`\= Y gVî2)ìxZïL/F-zdmu´E{'´Æ`¢¯zd N Kq\beQ T î)ì4ïuU=ÆN¬Ã MRI âêíá¸c ~ nî:k)ì^4ïÍØÒíéÔÌÎÓÑÜíÖ¸;RP·1¬ÃæÙéio S#¸ÓëäÔËå¹201058·)·²ªÄÃ/³¡Ã No.28 (2008 October) 4 "(,+- .#% Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute *$!' ([email protected]) 0/ °!{/ïÌ",!§ÐÛ¬WÆy [VÀ¿/v3pê/ßk3oÜ /,! /0-"ßk3¸¶^j/#¶ÍÓj°!{/ïÌ #¹ /}å²¹!,.À¿"s v3Ú /,! /0/`$/ ¢Ô!õ2/Ù¾å!ÍÓj"r/#Z"Ù¾å"ÁX_¸3ã&/!¶Í ÓjÀ¿Ù¾å"(3ì¿!cú/v3Ú ßm¸0$ø!îxÖÒ-0/ '¶^j¥sx±3kÞ¯¥s/߶´«±å3ÍÓj!w.ç'/)!cú ÍÓj"cú3Õbä/v3Ú ß #}ÃÂÇ -»¦"©¼'"ù|! ÈÒ-0/ ²! DNA ;SC/4LFð3Ì/Ù¾å,%JI@Cß# / DNA -¶ÍÓj·¶//"¶^j/#¶ÍÓj"v3Ú )!¸/Ò-0/ T"Ø+¶´«±åïÌ+P=I?SÁX_¸/±å#]k¢sx±/" ]k¢sx±3Ëuhq³¿ ûì¿!x/ª"ó½'0/¶^W·¶ 0¶^¢Ô"n!õ2/]k¢sx±"#ïÌv!,.x0/ïÌ3! ßáàÊ!,.ûk"ïÌ3¸ *ïÌßv!t/vìÊ3/0 $¢xUg0ª/Ò-0/]k¢sx±"x]k¢sx±Ù¾å "vÙ¾åüïÌý"v#¢s 3æ!X!õëx// Å#ïÌ!,/ßv -]k¢sx±"xv!'ié/5DLR¢¡!}v 3ß/Ù¾åßJI@Cß,%]k¢ß"oÜ0-"m¸!² ! !("¢Ô3ß3oÜ ®!ñ®3Ä"ÂÇ3ÎY/ /)& (% 5DLRWô^#¢xs !*ïÌv!*ÌÌÏxv3#)/ v!¸-0/ñÝ 7OGE6RÊa^/éN<R¤}"eò4LF}+þÉ"4LF} #WÐÛ¬W#IQBRs0¨ ¿!v/# 14OCMS>ï Ì"«í\"5DLR3/N<R"4LF}#²l!] pKa d3WÐÛ¬W4OA HC+:BR"7OKEO}!¨ ¿!v//¶5DLR*Tk" 4OAHCv4OCSOÑ^3¶/üz 1aýÙ¾åß"¨ ¿!v/4LF} #4LF}º§µV!{/~x/#4LF}èf!/£!×ö¤}üN<R /#4O9ERý÷ö¿ÁX_¸/~x!â)-0/4OCMS>ïÌ A7OK8 No.28 (2008 October) 5 >RXA$#&Í´-¬%g2S?W`Ð7PJr5 9PW/)9PI:Qt5¨2 1,3?=FWfi¥'30&Í´&¬%g27PJr&¸&®²%©03 Ç&;H PW&¨"c½»%2&%} 1,3?=FW5©2" {|$;HPJW5¨2Öo 1b× &;HPJW'¦¬$UVlh52&! UV£|%/1;HPJW&¨5b2"!2 $4 1,3?=FW"&;HPJW¨5% ;HPW.9PW 9PI:Qt5¨2"&! 2&7PJr&yq5¯Á!2* pZ% 1,3?=FWÂ~^5p|f " ;H PJW¨%r &7PJr5¹«Ã¾w5 &pZ%FRCM2"!2 * °' 1,3?=FW"&g%/ 03YÊ&7TGRXA^Ö7TGXTg/)U FV7TGXTg5¾w2^×% ?=FW"&g"¾w¡"&Ñ%&ÒÁ,0 32"5¯Á 2Ù× (a) O B– BH Enz Enz NH2 NH2 B– Enz O R H B– Enz H –H2O N OH N H OH H 2O O OH O BH Enz NH2 R R (b) BH Enz H N BH BH Enz H N O Enz NH2 O R' –H2O R' oÙØ;HPW%/27TGXTg";HPJW¨ Å Y|&É5]cx&OMBGÀ¿3 2 Õ¾w¸&À¿"$2"** nÔ!2R9LRSX&[0¾w¡%r ¾w5Ì2"!3( Õ¡f&, &OMBG&É5À¿2"$ /1Õ¡&OMBG¾w%dË2"!2! ° ' 7TGXTg/)UFV7TGXTg5/1Õ¡!¾w2OMBG5 2,% ¾ w_¼&OMBG&K6X?R9LRSX5© 1,3?=FWfi¥"&µiÖ*';HPJW¨× 5%Ì5º$ 2× &Ì!' /1g&ÕOMBG' Ó03gÑa%;H PJW5¨pZ%FRCM32&%} ?=FW"g$OMBG' ¢32p Z%FRCM3K6X?OMBG5mh u 0%?=FW"&g%/2Ì5¶1Æ "%/1 R9LRSX[&Õ¡¾w&k§5Z2"!2 $4 S?Wr5k+7PJÎ r02NSC<@OMBG&Ú³% 7PJÎ r & v¤ ±&7PJÎ032R9LRSX5\e K6X?E8@MU9>@DQ%/1 ? =FWÂ~^"&µi5%Ì5º$ 03OMBGÖ r×5fz¬%i -"& r&OMBG"Ä2" ;HPJW&¨ÈjZ * 7TGXTg¡/)UFV7 TGXTg¡jZ @O<FT£|0 03OMBG!'NSC<@kÏjZ 2"41 R9LRSX0Ì3&Ú³ r[%S?Wk*3 $"0- ¡jZ'NSC<@ɸ&jZ%ª2"·03Y|&É5"0$si%'¾w¡ No.28 (2008 October) 6 IÁ+9";:,bfYQU¬Û¡:CEäã¾9¿qv¹;¸¡B¼®·;¬Å'Ì79 ELd^'¯©¾: 6(FC#:9EÒ±I¶.F7Ë$DGF )(%& mÙ; ;caX\<Ò±'m,5"FA;; h[iLg\kg 6<A7; ;c aX\7Â; æ; xIo$Ö;ÓÕÌ:<p,&321*6caX\Ò;t~ Ö:.Fµ»m;2@:7"#¢ºI˪,2 é*;¢º6< Ö;ÓÕ:àHF\eNjIÒ\eNj7}¨É¾:49"6Öµ»IÁ.caX\IvÐ.F èëé ÖÓÕ\eNj'Ö:,5Ï6É7ÑâIÊEØ.71;×y6<Ý~¾:Ö² 'ç)9EÒ±\eNj<*;Ý~¾:ç"Ö²; :C35|u6<Ö²<t)5A ç"Ö²I¹"2:¥.F ÚIF*7'6(F7Ë$DGF*;§°:CF7Ò caX\;±ÝsIw ;Ö:-5vE&$F*79)ÖÓÕ\eNjIE¤$F*7:CE à ;Öµ»IÁ.caX\IÆ:vÐ6(F7Ë$DGF ÖÓÕ\eNj7,5`KkTZMUahN:C35Ü£+G2`gPhVNj:É.FcaX\ Ò\eNj7,5mÙ; ;caX\I¹"*GDIÉ,2 ;caX\I¾:¡ ,2*; ;caX\<`gPhVNj;Ý~¬ÛI>9"Ö; 6<Ç ; ìxI Á,2;:,`gPhVNj;Ý~¬ÛI?Lg\kguIÖ7.Fh[iLg\kg :%" 5< μ ; ìxIÁ,Öµ»;m'ÀÓ+G2"/G;Ö;:A <Ä6!32*7 &DÖÓÕ\eNj;r<Ò±:=7J8å0/:Öµ»;m:o,27¦6( 2*; ;caX\;Ld^ßl!2E; < ³;ÞÈ;;náx:¥.Fx6!32 é (a) Binding domain for specificity (b) O Catalytic domain Peptide catalyst with high substrate specificity OH O N Modular assembly + O O 35-mer peptide O O O O N + H Km 8 μM O O O OH COOH Fluorescein ëê(a) ;«º (b) Öµ»;m,2caX\;Ò *($"&# '! TS[j7O]d^jI¸¡.FcaX\<ͽÖ:WR7,5r,5%)7WRÝ~;TS[jÔ u7; :CE_PXjBÎz´Ä;~IͽÖ:{6(F</6!F,&,mÙ;O No.28 (2008 October) 7 EMFT7(g¶!8QDUQl0RCS8QDUQl7·u4KIAD*;P>LU &$±²¡»)@<&$f4(*Wn%"!OJQevyc(f4!/(*N FLU&$±4KIAD.Ñr1,ËÌr)O9HOPU7d &:EMF T7&4Ã&Ó¦4*Ò¦-)O9HOPU)¿h7®3¾ÌËr)?= CT&:EMFT74±7 #KIAD ÈqÍÉ7g¶!)KIAD*NFLU& $±²¡»(@<&$Zh?=CTºy^&)l(13OJQev7²¡»(yc4) (4&%!ÎÉÈqÎÉ )KIAD*Àz)l·u)1( l7hÁ46 %*'Àz&*'4l7£2{°)·u%4&¸4 Libraries (first generation) CXXXXXXXC XXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX Selection Sequences of peptides CHNHQKATC AAVAKPP VSVQTKY NPLGAKL AAMDAKNSPASA DLPIPTTKLGRS Libraries (third generation) CHNHQKATCTAQAQSXXXXXX CHNHQKATCRRMRSRXXXXXX CHNHQKATCSWVLVPXXXXXX CHNHQKATCPRDRHGXXXXXX NPLGAKLAGVFWWXXXXXX NPLGAKLAMAMWGXXXXXX Libraries (second generation) CHNHQKATCXXXXXX AAVAKPPXXXXXX XXXXXXAAVAKPP VSVQTKYXXXXXX XXXXXXVSVQTKY NPLGAKLXXXXXX XXXXXXNPLGAKL AAMDAKNSPASAXXXXXX XXXXXXAAMDAKNSPASA DLPIPTTKLGRSXXXXXX XXXXXXDLPIPTTKLGRS Selection Sequences of peptides that bound to the diketone CHNHQKATCRRMRSRETSVKK (rpf1368) Selection NPLGAKLAGVFWWGQTPGG Sequences of peptides that bound to the diketone CHNHQKATCTAQAQS CHNHQKATCRRMRSR CHNHQKATCSWVLVP CHNHQKATCPRDRHG NPLGAKLAGVFWW NPLGAKLAMAMWG qÍÊ?=CT&:EMFT74KIAD74)(_!KIADO9HOPU 21-mer peptide protein of interest 21-mer peptide protein of interest Lys Lys NH2 O NH O O R R R = Labeling compounds qÎÊ:EMFT74KIAD7@<&$²¡»(OJQ7yc4 jwl)´7½Á¨k(d4*O9HOPU2)Ç·u)i¢ª·uÅ) )¼§(%4 %l4&³b}|sh4LR9MDºy^7$:EMT ÈqÏÉ )7f (14©©¬m~l)´7³b)sh(13d47Ä !ÏÉ 4&(13·u):EMT±7½Á(¹a%!ÐÉ)*^·u1,KIAD·u (14µX%)l)´)d]ev8MT7·u&4uX%)ml(i '·u1,l[)ª§(i%"!`+52)³bx(14l´)¹a7 ÀzpÆ%4¥^¢(Ç,Y¯8QBGD):EMT7«48QDUQlL9=Ql §7¤o'[Vi¢(´'7Ä !ÑÉl)´(\³b}|)tj)x2* No.28 (2008 October) 8 KWcs^-p*a/;AEt&Yq{I-¡¢M* ')V /=B1F*aYq-§*tT H N N O + N O N O N O O H N O highly fluorescent weakly fluorescent \¬«O_U')ZltYq£-O_U')}Q*wL (Yq*Okj_U*.B8?:-§.B8?:-Yq.B:FBY o|.B:FBYq£-Okj q£-O_U')}Q*w-§¯ª©\ª _U')N}Q*w(+(.B:FBa%N}Q*C9 D.B:FBYq')arM&a[f,+§w').B :FBa-.B:FBYq]M*'wHna§&r Mm(+* O O + O H OH H N H N O O weakly fluorescent highly fluorescent \«O_U').B:FBYq£-}Q*wYqL `& r JRbyWZ*JRbyWZ-XdPV ¨¤uZt*w§z"+*¥/;AE~'*aJRbyWZ )(z#t-¤uG*Yq-a*Rb-SOcr.A>¦ iK&¨je]W+W CO2H Z~hG*yZ O tYq-§L z#KWc-v.A>¦ H @E<6?Yq-gx* tT°ª©\®ª CO2Et CO2H N H H syn-selective O PMP + R Aldehydes Me N CO2Et H N or N H H anti-selective O H NHPMP 3 2 CO2Et R (2S,3R) CO2H @E<6?Yqa-§ */;E50¤u 2 R (2S,3S) iK-NZt*$ .E5K2EK-S)R* NHPMP 3 CO2H O R 1 NHPMP 3 2 CO2Et R (2S,3S) CO2H N H R1 syn-selective O PMP R2 Ketones + H N N H CO2Et anti-selective O R 1 NHPMP 3 2 R (2S,3R) \®«3.47C0'!/;E50¤u@E<6?Yq CO2Et No.28 (2008 October) 9 [9]\=82?@6[9#aD CM<e[9J@6[9#5; CM[9#0/L Q^#T* =8<L@g'& $%@XO_@[90Z 3W V h bSHW#+.:FH14KY EI#cN (>! A7bSY2?HGd" A7)E#U4" -!FH4BIXO_aDP,f2?XO_@'&$%@[9RcN ` V 1) Tanaka, F.; Fuller, R.; Shim, H.; Lerner, R. A.; Barbas, C. F., III. J. Mol. Biol. 2004, 335, 1007-1018. 2) Tanaka, F.; Fuller, R.; Barbas, C. F., III. Biochemistry 2005, 44, 7583-7592. 3) Tanaka, F.; Barbas, C. F., III. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002, 124, 3510-3511. 4) Tanaka, F.; Fuller, R.; Asawapornmongkol, L.; Warsinke, A.; Gobuty, S.; Barbas, C. F., III. Bioconjugate Chem. 2007, 18, 1318-1324. 5) Tanaka, F.; Thayumanavan, R.; Barbas, C. F., III. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 8523-8528. 6) Tanaka, F.; Thayumanavan, R.; Mase, N.; Barbas, C. F., III. Tetrahedron Lett. 2004, 45, 325-328. 7) (a) Mase, N.; Tanaka, F.; Barbas, C. F., III. Org. Lett. 2003, 5, 4369-4372. (b) Mase, N.; Tanaka, F.; Barbas, C. F., III. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2004, 43, 2420-2423. (c) Mase, N.; Thayumanavan, R.; Tanaka, F.; Barbas, C. F., III. Org. Lett. 2004, 6, 2527-2530. 8) Tanaka, F.; Mase, N.; Barbas, C. F., III. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2004, 126, 3692-3693. 9) (a) Mitsumori, S.; Zhang, H.; Cheong, P. H.-C.; Houk, K. N.; Tanaka, F.; Barbas, C. F., III. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 1040-1041. (b) Zhang, H.; Mifsud, M.; Tanaka, F.; Barbas, C. F., III. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 9630-9631. (c) Zhang, H.; Mitsumori, S.; Utsumi, N.; Imai, M.; Garcia-Delgado, N.; Mifsud, M.; Albertshofer, K.; Cheong, P. H.-Y.; Houk, K. N.; Tanaka, F.; Barbas, C. F., III. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 875-886. 10) Tanaka, F. The Chemical Record 2005, 5, 276-285. No.28 (2008 October) 10 4921 "0( %#$#$8&$,/8'+!$67 %#$)*!$ 5 £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ -3 . ú[email protected]û ;: £ ´ÇBÈc&ªÑl)4uxÇèðøßôâøÆux|Õ¶»Â²aÕ±ªÐ°Ä¬µ·«Ë º¦btÅÄ´Ó¥v°\Çux|ÕZ¯»Â³Ñ´ÄÆÅÓ¬ÄÈ0ÆÌJÀ®ÐË»Öø½¦\ *Çs`Æ#ÀÂÈ¥Íͨ1PÅ©ÆXѯÄJ«Ëº°¥µ7 ÒÉÄJ«Ëº¦9¸>|Õ ¶»Â±ËºÄ¥4VÈ¥]=1Ç<plÏÇq¶Ò½¡{Õ=4ri¯Ï×ôöÞ¸½ ¨nfK¤{ '©Õm«½[ag2z{"HƺÑի˸½¦´¿ÏÇuxÆÁ«ÂÈ¥ kN;òìÇìßêÑE5lÄ(Ã¥ ÊÄ:Õ,À«˺¦ _ È1Ç'M4wú°¥"H=4°ëøßÇux6Çú¦¥k-ÇvÇuxÕ|¶»Â± ˺¦ <: £ 4#FE¥úAÆÌû]1÷4l)=48TÇ^lÇux6ÆOĸÂSm«½¦CY¥^ uÃÈ¥ 3=4Õ¢¸Â`§ÅÙîòâöéÚÕÐ¥¼ÒÏÕl÷/ÃmºÑ°1±²:¶ Ò«½¦¼ÒËÃ?Ç{¸¯À½´Ä°Å¯À½vÈ¥{ÌÃÀ¸ˬ4l¶Ö°ÜõÜõ«Ñ ux6ÆØóãïøÝñäÚÕ$³ÁÁÌ¥hjĨ¯W¸«´ÄÕÍÏųÒÉù©ÄJÀ«½ÆÀ½ Ç°åòößÛóâíçøáú ûêѦ[ag2z{"HÇiÇüÁÆ¥zÇeGÆÎÑe "H¯Ï'M"HÊÇ@ÇÝ ê尪Ѧ¼ÒËÃezÃ{ fKÕº´ÄÆ+¸Â«½v È¥eëÄÌy!Æ[}'DM Õ2ºÑ´Ç{ÆoUÇIÕR² ÄÆ¥¨´Òȼ¬¾©ÄL¹½¦ È¥.ÄÅÑâöéÚÇ d.Ä d.ÇÕQrÆ }%~Å{êÑú;û¦º ÅÔ¿¥ æçøªÑ«È ×Úà No.28 (2008 October) 11 ĆÿēáÒßÎ.¦ĈĆĀăö{âòÿđĄû¦ãÿüáÒß@àÍóæÃ+" åĈĆĀăÿü±ö¯U} ã¡£ÒßÃ{ÿđĄû¦ödiÔòÐáÌàÍòÛôÈáÉÚÄhìß!àâÒíÉØÈâÐáàÆÝ ÚÌÃÐóö;À}ãÍÜ÷áËìÚåG^GÚðâËÝÚÄ ! 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"'(&) ÚyÍÙ»½ñÝóþêî±% ·×Á¬ÖĆ© Tv±ćwÜ øĂ5·×½ Ȩ EÂ2QÆFÆ×ֶñ²ֶðԨýõÿ¸½¬çĂòßÆ !# ÚÎ$öôéîçàÚ5¸Á¯µÉ¨' @ÆÓÕ2QÆW¦xñÝóþêî±?Ô×ÖÐÇÃ|® ½±¨1 ÆÈ¡9Æg±B¬¶Ã±°¿½©¼ÇilÆÀ¬ÁȨh#Y«֩¼¶ÂoDÚK¸ Á¨ Çúìÿ$«ÖäöôéîąĆÇ TvÚbAÞåëÿ¸¨Üøð ÃzºÖ¶ÃÂ Ú !# îïĄÃºÖ¶ÃƸ½©¶Ç&¨yK®çĂòßÆ )' ÚÎ$öôéîçàÚ5ºÖ¶ÃÆÅÖ±¨ ¶×ÔǤ-$ÚyÍٻֶè ÆÓÕ`pgÓ´öôéîçàGpÆ ÚýõÿÂ²Ö ¶Ã±°¿½©Ì½¨WñÝóþèÝæĄãüĂÚk¸½"0Ð~«¿½ąĆ©h#¨ñÝóþ êîÇ4Ú °Ô ÊÃH<¸¨NÅWôāĄóÇÆÕyÛ¬֩ ¥ ¶ÇÓƨ=Å /¢ÆÓÕE¤ -Ð$Æ(KÂ²Ö ¶Ã°Ô¨¤-§çĂ òßâĂäûáĄí ÇѨ¤-§ö ôéîâĂäûáĄíÇ ñÝîāáÿøÁ ' ±k·×Á¬ ! Ö© ¥ çĂòßÚ4ø½ruȨáðùC%ă[C%Ç'Ƭ¨$t°Ô@kÆÖ\ªÅruÂÌ ºÌºbo¸Á¬Ö©çĂòßÇ^~ȼǤ_[Æ3Æ.ºÖ½Ï¨¬°Æ¸Á¤_[Ú Iº Ö°±¨jZÑnÊÇ@kÚ|®ÖÂßþܺ˲Å÷ÝĂíÃÅÖ¶ÃÈÌÂÐŬ©+eçĂò ßÚ¼ÇÌÌ1kĀõÿÂk²ֶÃÈ6Ŭ½Ï¨S^/ă-7/ăçĂòß7/pFaÚ£¸ ÁqpÇkÆ@¹½ą7ĆçĂòß±Ô×Á²½©çĂòßÇ{>¢ÆÙÖxÚk¬Öx7 /pFaȨ¶×ÔÇP.ÇFaÆ`}¸,ÏÁ¬Ö ©' ÆÀ¬Á®É¨fÆ È$fmA±` p:¬½Ï¨Ç " Ç&Ç\ƨÁÇçĂòßƼÇÌÌk~ÅFaÆÈÅÕ?Á¬Å¬© ¸°¸¨«ÔÒÖçĂòßÚd8ÆV]ºÖÂÐŬ©$UpÆȨçĂòß[ÇLÔ³Ç*²¬ Æ!#)'±.#ºÖè$ÆÅÖsg±¤¬Ó«֩¶ÇcÆÀ¬ÁȨ$öôéîÇR ÆÓÕ¨;pÆĶÌÂM!²ְY¸Áͽ¬Ã|®Á¬Ö©Ì½¨' ÇkȨÇÃ¶Ø ÂÇkÆÔ×Á¬Ö±¨ ÂÐ̾Ñ׼ŶèÑÖ˲¶ÃÐ)ª«Õ¨Ð6¸Ï Áͽ¬Ã|®Á¬Ö© No.28 (2008 October) 16 h v IM <V} zqi7 z,ik5ummpl F2x{zj|nzvikQW.g`NZ)#lnA[];y~n 1mzj| App{qi6^i Z } &" 3O!y}j@i7 *x{es? iH=pw4etvfmqi7 LPx{erzj h 7IMbG rptox}8 #a:\UCi N 9¡_ #>cCi( #.Td$CiIMRyS;ys}+'K-iDi%BX 7IMwYy} H=0/JEyuzj 1. Tahara, Y. et al., J. Control. Release, doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2008.07.015 (2008). 2. Yokoyama, K., Nio, N., Kikuchi, Y. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 64, 447–454 (2004). 3. Kamiya, N., Tanaka, T., Suzuki, T., Takazawa, T., Takeda, S., Watanabe, K., Nagamune, T. 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Hu, B.-H., Messersmith, P. B. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 125, 14298-14299 (2003). 15. Gronemeyer, T., Godin, G., Johnsson, K. Curr. Opin. Biotechnol., 16, 453-458 (2005); O'Hare, H. M., Johnsson, K., Gautier, A. Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol., 17, 488-494 (2007). 16. Lin, C.-W., Ting, A. Y., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 128, 4542-4543 (2006). No.28 (2008 October) 18 º º v7º N`º (ÀÊÃëº ÝàÛê) +³:+/+/´k/w{º me{/4Lº ( } 3 9 [email protected] ÈÙ;Úm/wČüďÞÙ#\ì¸Å¼B¢Êß̽j!zÚ¼+³:+/+/´Ù ¬µMIÙÕ¼ąč®"-EÙìtHÊwìÒÔÀß̽Ì×ëѼEÙE Ø~¾Ùõăîóüď.ìZ ÌèÐâÙP_¡ìxʼ~¾Ù·,dÙDõ ăîóüď.ìEØ5ÌèÖÀÁàÕ̽ º dpÚ 9ÖÀÁ°À9SìÃÇÔ¼d)rìʼ«ìç¦ÌÈÖØåÒÔ¼*ÆÙ/ @ì·8ØiÆ-Ìè®ÙåÁ×m\.ìh?ÊÔÅÔÀß̽ÏÙÐâ¼o!Ø ®ìʼßÐUáåÁØÏÙ\ìK)ÌèÈÖÚ2QÕÚ¿çßÎí½ßм,d®¿èÀÚ -EÙåÁØEì¥&ÖÊÔnÌèزëæͼ,dØÚ×À$¤frAäOÊÀ\ìãѼU á@ì¹iÃÓ«GsØ-Ìèm\.ìÂåÜDÌèÈÖÚT\/Ùà ×æÍme/ØÖÒÔãRt[ÙÓÕ̽ڮ\ÙK)ÂåÜ®\ÙÖÀÁ cÃæ¡Nì 3 %ÉÎÔ¸Åß̽ Enhancing Activity and Controlling Stereoselectivity in a Designed PLP-Dependent Aldolase M. D. Toscano, M. M. Müller, and D. Hilvert, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 46, 4468-4470 (2007). º Hilvert æ Ú Geobacillus stearothermophilus o W Ù PLP-dependent alanine racemase Ù-^$Õ¿è 265 qt Ù Tyr ^ $ ì Ala ^ $ Ø J Ì è È Ö Ù à Ø å Ò Ô ¼ racemase Ãæ aldolase ÞÙ\K)ØDÊÔÀßÌ( 1a)½ÈÙfrs)r5Øåç¼$¤(2R,3S)--ăðā ċúĊĎØ©ÌèaA±ìmàÌÈÖØåÒÔ¼V WÙĉúĆďûaAÚ 103 b6ʼ$¤ÙĄĎùïċÿĂ 1 G. stearothermophilus alanine racemase )r ĀÖôĊöĎÞÙ§ïċĀďċ@Ú 105 ¨ÉéèÈÖÄ ÙaAĈÿċ a) ¯m" b) Tyr265Ala ) yÉéßÊÐ( 2)½ßм=æÚ 265 qtÙ Tyr ^$ rÖ(2R,3S)--phenylserine-PLP aldimine ì Ala ^$Ùà×æͼSer, Val, Glu, Arg, Lys ^$ØJ c) Tyr265Lys )rÖ(2R,3S)--phenylserine- ÌèÈÖØåÒÔÉæØR©ìÒÔÀß̽ÏÙX¼ PLP aldimine d) Met134Phe/Tyr265Lysº Tyr265Lys )rÚ Tyr265Ala Ø3Ê 9 Ù kcat ìyÊßÊ /Ile352Trp ) r Ö (2R,3R)--phenylserine-PLP нÈéÚ Lys ^$Øåç$¤ÙuAÄ'+ʼ aldimine ¡NåçF 1b, ïćĎÙ]¶Øåç$¤ÙĄĎûĎlÖÙòýñĎ-»u nÙ<D¿èÀÚ¼ª|gCÕmË裶ì01ÌèÈÖÄÕ¿èÖyÊÔÀßÌ( 1c)½ R>ؼ(2R,3S)-, (2R,3R)-ăðāċúĊĎìnÀ÷ïøþČñ«GAÙYìÒÔÀß̽Tyr265Ala No.28 (2008 October) 19 !Q«[kcat/Km(2R,3S)]/[kcat/Km(2R,3R)] = 9.2 ¸V®¥-²«ªz62¸ut´p¯¸ g¢¤®¨·¡Met134Phe ©´¦©±¢¤T OC+¸!7Ile352Trp ¦±³)º ØÒE©^7´¦©±¢¤(2R,3R)-Õ¼ÐÜÉÛߪ -ÓÏÞÀÆܦm$¦¤k¨¸´i~[ªÛß ª[%¸G[\,3s©/®( 1d)ª \ @ Met134Phe/Tyr265Lys/Ile352Trp ! Q « [kcat/Km(2R,3S)]/[kcat/Km(2R,3R)] = 0.6 ¦z62ª8l² µ®>r9ª°¶¦¶«H2{ªE©! Q¸(´ ¥racemase ² aldolase ¦Da¸8! ´¦¥²©E©!Q¸(´¦uºÜÏàÜ 1ªÇºÈÌÝ¿z62°/¥´¦¦¶¥ 2 uºÜÏàÜ1m$DB r9±³ {5Z The Putative Diels-Alderase Macrophomate Synthase is an Efficient Aldolase J. M. Serafimov, D. Gillingham, S. Kuster, and D. Hilvert J. Am. Chem. Soc., 130, 7798-7799 (2008). ËÙÂŪRf Macrophoma commelinae P?ª Macrophomate synthase (MPS) « 3 ©V 2-ÔÞß(1)² ×ÂÞÕ¾Øß(2)ªj¨!71¸m$´¦· ¢¤®ªm$1«F©´¦¥® 1) cJ1©±´¿ÀÅÞ}²½ÒÚàΪN3 ªF« Mg2+0¥2) ½ÒÚàΦ 2-ÔÞß(1)¦ª 2 ªJ[-J[\,313) cJ-cG1©±´× ÂÞÕ¾Øß(2)ª,3¥ªJ[-J[\,3F «#S¨ Diels-Alder 1©±³yg´¦_²µ¤® ¨²QM/MM nYª\@ 3 ©V 2 F× »ÃÜ-ºÜÏàÜx]1DBª:[4+2]ÖÛML1± ³½ÑÜÁàS©=¥´¦Vµ¤®²© 3 MPS m$´ 2-ÔÞß(1)²× ÞÕ¾Øß(2)ª!7DB MPS « 2-dehydro-3-deoxygalactarate (DGG) aldolase ¦ºØÒ|±¬H2{ªBw°T2 ®§¡²°ÄÕ¹ÂÊত Mg2+¸0¦¤´¦²>r9¥Hilvert ²«ºÜÏàÜ& ¦¤WªºÜÍÓϸOMPS ª aldolase ¦¤ªa2¸Ao¤®( 4)ª\@b` ;e;±¬j[MºÜÍÓϸO ¿ÀÅÞ}¦ªºÜÏàÜ1¸m$´¦V µ®(h 1)²©MPS m$´ 7a ªuºÜÏàÜ1« m$1©'105 ªv* v¸V¦Vµ¤®>r9ªdI¦¶«~[¸8!´¦¨MPS ª>?°£ m$DB¸<"©N¤´¦¶¥ .«N3KªXz6ªq¥<.© MPS ºÜÏàÜ1¸m$¦©±³2-ÔÞß(1)²×ÂÞÕ¾Øß(2)ª!71ªm$DB ©U¸4¤® No.28 (2008 October) 20 [» MPS ^! ¡¸ªº¸, cIM- b5k0S4 4 MPS 89^!,~¡¸ªº ¸, b5k0S4 Biomimetic Catalysis of intermodular Aminoacyl Transfer K. M. Wilcoxen, L. J. Leman, D. A. Weinberger, Z.-Z. Huang, and M. R. Ghadiri, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 129, 748-749 (2007). u ®¬¨ª/KHct<(.~µ¥¶º¸p ¡²«¡¤¸eP,yr·°§º³®¬¨ª.lT (NRPS)±·®¬¨ªK.8NU(., zyNRPS cj1D-ycGy U(.|I#) 2}D-k(ª´¢¹) >.| zGhadiri NRPS 2 8N ,Bq{¡²«¡¤¸cD-k%µ ¥¶º¸p¡²«¡¤¸ePBq @^! a_ ¼ a)(&) herical wheel diagram () X VU zJN¡¤¸eP, i. y*y 6]: b) 3 QsD-ka_ b5k lT^!n\^!"{g3; L 0S4 | z8b5XE|yg3; a_ 26 A coiled-coil ®¬¨ª "Lyr 7UN¡²«¡¤¸$ g3| ( 6a)z 5a O }'Z coiled-coil ¯µo 4 D-kyD-k 7U c ,% Cys A~¡¤¸${ Lys A>.yX1,X2 k Ym^!N^!A % ka_| zyRW Type-w~ Type-xD-k a_yCf=`Z| ( 5b)zType-vD-k L|y c Cbz-protected N-acetylcysteamine glycyl thioester F yCys Ac, %yg3; Lys A·©£¦p¡²«¡¤¸eP,dyU(.d z¡²«¡¤¸eP,y5400 (kcat/kuncat)hOzType-w~ Typex L|?U;+| z No.28 (2008 October) 21 Eé ¸¨B Łïîé ēđøł z @D@Dãuç7#b¥D ª¥é ĸĮġĤļĥıķLpé (<Φ 3 R [email protected] øčSĎê0%D ªĽīŀďčøčėïċ8«ĝîĂăôê\ėęñ£ü÷Ēþë5ê¤ Ďz @Duç7#b¥D ª¥čyQqkčùgMčêÀÑNDčĉĕČdČ ĝVĈĂBÍÐêČáþĚ ªČmĜąĈñęĒþëdčuÆd)ČKþĚè îÇ1`ĿÛe`č#~ĝvĘòČüêBÍÐTča:9Č9ćîĂdčwċĚ»`č .êFG`čZêíĚîĎ»o=¬ĝgüĈ ªĝÁąĈñęĒþëdófĆêîĜĖĚB ÍЮBĊüĈčí̧č»`ĊèSČ´úěĂd)ÍÐ~êĒĂêdČâĘÿÀÑ čÅċĒĉčOēċ»ħĩĭķĝ6àÅĚSê0ďčrč^ĝfĂûĚĝZĒĀĞëé é é AÀÑófĆ»ĸĤİĪķĝÈþĚøĊĉêāěĘĝÕČ]ýĈ üêúĘČĎêo¾ĝ$ ðĂ»`NÀÑĝ¼5ČnĚêāčėïċ?Ď>õč ªºófĄ³öĈîĚĕčăĊ_îĒþë 3Ďê¼ČC5þĚÀÑĝĆčÝ2ĊüĈjðêÜBNDc ĝîĈąĂęµ÷ ĂęNċĠĽľĨĝ$ðĚøĊĉ#ÃúěĂ»`NÀÑČĆîĈčÏtĝ 2 :êĒĂêĦľIJĹ ŀīĉËÊüĂNß®ČĆîĈčÏtĝŃ:ù¯úĀĈîĂăôĒþë Design of Protein Function Leaps by Directed Domain Interface Evolution J. Huang, A. Koide, K. Makabe, and S. Koide, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 105, 6578-6583 (2008). AÀÑč>õĎ걶%úěĂÄsčįĸĢ ľČėĚ&-ČėąĈ»ĝüĈñęêĒ Ăêāč`ÝĎįĸĢľlÉåČ·üĈî Ěó>õíęĒþëÄsčįĸĢľóáþĚøĊČ ėąĈ@ôċlÉåčZĊ*Jċ`Ýč ~Ö![ó+»ĊċęêėęèSċBÍÐĝH üĈîĚĊ¹ðĘěĒþëyÏtĉĎêāčėïċÀ ÑįĸĢľ-<č&-ċBÍÐĝNČ #ęüê'įĸĢľėęĕÙòČěĂ»Z ĝHüĂó:/úěĈîĒþë4 1 Č¢üĂ»`NÀÑ “affinity clamp” ĎêĶĵĬįČ KüĈUîÇ1`ĝfąĂ primary įĸĢľ(Erbin-PDZ)ĊÇ1`ĝõfĂċî enhancer įĸĢľ(FN3)ĝ ײúĀĂNÀÑĉþëFN3 ÂåČC5þĚŅĆčļŀĵČ=ĝ$ðĚøĊĉ 109 ¦SčĺĢĴĺĻ ŀĝ~üêijğŀĨĮġĩĵĽĢ ČėąĈĶĵĬį²,ÝÂåčxÚ%ĝÁîĒüĂëx°ČZĘ ěĂ affinity clamp ePDZ-b2 ĎêErbin-PDZ įĸĢľ'ĊÒþĚĊÇ1`ó 500 ê`ó 2000 Ċîï@Pċ»`č.ĝØbüĈîĒþëÏtĉĎêńĆčįĸĢľČėęBĝi ēÓĔøĊĉlÉåčå©ó;üêāč²|êģľīļIJŀIČėĚÇ1`č.Ċêėę*Jċ BÍÐó+»ČċąĂøĊóÔĐĘěĈîĒüĂëytČĎêv¡ČĎ¢úěĈñęĒĀĞĉüĂóê įĸĢľÂåÞčbČï1~Öč=%êíĚîĎÄ,Wb"YĉčFG`č=%¬óÇ1 `Ŀ`Č@ôõXæüĈîĚ+»`ĕ¹ðĘěĒþë ĒĂêøč affinity clamp č«þĐôčĆČê{Ŀ}Ì¿ĊüĈč`óh÷ĘěĒþë 3ZĘěĂ affinity clamp ĎĶĵĬįČKüĈs nM čÈäGsĝ¢üê§ìč%D ĉ½ No.28 (2008 October) 22 uÎÝÜÉ´ÛĂõæćĉôąMÞ¼ÑÌÏI@ÞVÂÛ6ËÀÉ¿ÜÉ´Ó±R Êаalkaline phosphatase Þ)ÀÆâäëîĈúćðñàĈçp^× Pull-down pËÀÉÏ VpH°ÓÆl9:HÍÌÏÖÇÉ·Ú°´ÃÜÖ{ÍJÞÕÉ´Ó±primary óāáĈË enhancer óāáĈÏÔ)ÝÄÞ3¶Û½ËÊ°r8uKhÞÛ½ËÍ»°4aÍbuÎ;GÀÉ affinity clamp Þ!ʺÛË´µ½ÏTÆÍt>8ÏKhа[#8ÞÐÁÕ4»ÏªÊÏGp ¹WD¿ÜÓ± Novel Genetically Encoded Biosensors Using Firefly Luciferase F. 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Biol., 3, 346-351 (2008). eаs0ąéùãĄĈÏ©#&GÞ5ÂÛ¨ą éùãăĉíÞfËÀÆsÏÞ¾ ´ÆÀÓ± ½Ï#8sаÊdÂÛ_ÕÉI@ϯ´^ hËÀÉ°½ÜÓÊÎ ATP ϯI@:«×°Ćÿĉîĉ¥ 6 ËÀÉÖ?»p´ÙÜɺÓÀƱYRÊа½Ïąéùãă ĉíÏÜÆnHÞo¸ÀÉ°Ï4aÍbu6Î; GʺÛgpHϯ´öáåìĈèĉÏ!ÞvOÀ°3 ÈÏ qÍÛĂòąÞP+ÀÉ´Ó± ąéùãăĉíÐ 2 ÈÏóāáĈ¸Ù`J¿Ü°ÅÏóāáĈ *2ÐøĈê¦ÞÀÉ¢ÀÆ\ÏصÍ`¡Þ'Ç É ´ Ó Â ± 0 - Ê Ð Open ` ¡ ° 0 7 - Ê Ð Closed `¡Ï 2 ÈÏqÍÛ`¡Þ'۽˹(ʱYZ° ČX~°C X~ËÀÉ7-ÀÉ´Û/ΰ¥ 6>8uKh Þp´É°bu6Î;ÀÉnquÎGÂÛþûïó§° ³Û´ÐóāáĈÞ<À°ąéùãăĉíϨiHÞObË ÀÆs.öáåìĈèĉÞ!۽˹ʺÓÀƱ , 2ĊċÎzÀÆĂòąÐ°ûćñßĉí^pöáåìĈ èĉʱ»z¿ÜÆYZÏąéùãăĉíX~¦Îûćñßĉí§Þ<ÀÉ·»Ë°;Ë ÍÛûćñßĉí7-ÊÐ<§¹S¿Ü°ªo.Î ´¨iHÞzÀÓ±À¸À°buûć ñßĉí-ÊаóāáĈ¬¹¢¿ÜÉ´ÛÆÕΤ"¹L ¿ÜÉ Closed `¡Þ'۽˹ʺ ðsB@ÐQ%ÏÎj=ÀÓ±7 }ÏûćñßĉíÏ´ÃÜÏ1)Ö$Í^I@Þ E۽˹ʺÓÀƱ , 2ĊċаąéùãăĉíX~Ï]cÞtóāáĈ¬wpÎØÇÉ FÂÛËÍÇÉ´Ó Â±FRB Ë FKBP12 Ðă÷ĀáéĈË´µ#8m7-Êüñć«ÞCJÂ۽˹xÙÜÉ·Ú° ½ÜÞpÀÉă÷ĀáéĈGHÏöáåìĈèĉ¹`¿ÜÉ´Ó±ă÷ĀáéĈ-ÊаFRB Ë FKBP12 ¬ÏwpÐCJ¿ÜðB´sÞµ¨iH¹N¿ÜÓ±U°bu67ÊаFRB Ë FKBP12 ¬Ïwp¹ă÷ĀáéĈÎØÚ£¿ÜÛ½ËÊąéùãăĉíÏ]c¹½ Ú°sB@¹À»j=ÀÓ±®Ćýą°ĆýąÏ´ÃÜÖă÷ĀáéĈk@7uÍs B@Ï3#¹y¿Ü°ÑÒ*|@Ï^I@ÞzÀÓÀƱbu6ÎØÚt¬wp¹n quÎ F¿ÜÛصÍ}²ÏÞGpÂÛ½ËÊ°¿ÙÎ4aÍ^aA¹`¿ÜÛ½ËËWD¿ÜÓ No.28 (2008 October) 23 ÓÅ ÑìàÄ, 2ģĤàãÄòĠĀćĝĆùßIgdñTÙ×ęĈĞÌÑïÛÇçÓÅĞþĒõĜĢăâĐ ġÿ³«àÑï×ĊĘôġàf9Ì$ÓîÝĊĘôġâ d¬Ì4ÒÄÖâd¬4 âN0ñµpMþúċĞå4UÓîÝÇÈ@7ßgñTÙ×òĠĀćĝĆù.ĂġüĢÜÓÅ]W ÜãÄx3ñL>à"YÒÄÆîCâ!ßOCÜ cAMP âaàQÒ×>ÂÌÑïÛ ÇçÒ×Å f9ñÙÛ¨âd¬4ñIÓîÝÇÈÏïìâĈýôġãĨâgĘöČāėâ ¡sËìé¿Aà&qÎÄòôĈóòhÜ5eßa9ÌíÕî#Mñ*ÒÛÇçÓÅ GÄÑìà5eßgM9â~1Ì\FÜÍçÓÅ Kemp Elimination Catalysts by Computational Enzyme Design D. Röthlisberger, O. Khersonsky, A. M. Wollacott, L. Jiang, J. DeChancie, J. Betker, J. L. Gallaher, E. A. Althoff, A. Zanghellini, O. Dym, S. Albeck, K. N. Houk, D. S. Tawfik and D. Baker, Nature, 453, 190-195 (2008). [GàÐÓîâãÄûġđĚĢĄàëî?µâ¥¤àºÓî§WÜÓÅt|ËìHìïîµ Ì£8Óî"KãÄy(ñVÉîy "Kà»ìïÛÇçÓÅ6tàã:-ÒßÇÎXÒÇ? µñíÓÏÝÜÄ"KğďĢĉĝĢÌBÌíÄÁ)zbâæËÄ;Ä zbßÞB߸Üâ K{Ì\FÑïçÓÅ ]WÜÄ"KęĈĞÝÒÛ>½àÙ×â ãÄ, 3 àÒ×ÄKemp ¾"KÝÇȹx "KÜÓÅKemp ¾"KâöøÝßî"Kl ¼ãÄ2/àëîrËìâēĠĉġ" KÜÆîÏÝÌìïÛÇçÓÅçÔÄèàÄ µâĈýôġãpMJÝßî2/Ë ìn=ÒÛÇçÒ×Å2/àãÄòĀďĜøġ¶k/ç×ãúĞĄĖġ¶k/âöĞĕ÷þĞ/ÄÆî ÇãÄcÑï×ĐĀąÿġk/ÌÝÒÛ²äïçÒ×ÅÇÛÄ"Kâ± uPñ<=ÓîëÈß pM³âòĖč¶´Ì¥¤Ñï×GÄÖïìâpM³ñ<=àwÓîÏÝÌ#ßÃ`ÝÒÛ TIM ĎğĞ̲SÑïçÒ×Å ÏâëÈàÒÛ 17 Àâ}ßÙ×Ã`ñéÚ 59 âµĈýôġâËìÄ>½àµpMñÒ× 8 ÀâµñíÓÏÝàQÒÛÇçÓÅÖâÈØâÚÄKE07 ÝÇȵàºÒÛãÄZd¬¢ ^àëÙÛ>½â d¬ñn=ÒçÒ×ÅûġđĚĢĄÜQÒ×ęĈĞd¬Ý>½â d¬Ýñ mªÒ×ÝÏðÄpM³âd¬ã¿AàëÎÒÛÇçÒ×ÅÑìàÄEìã=%®Ý'äïî¦Â ğĔĞÜâòĖ趴â[°ñÈÏÝÜÄ£8vñ 200 é%ÑÕîÏÝàQÒÛÇç ÓÅ GÄÑìàĨÃ`â9¯Ä_©Mâ+9ñûġđĚĢĄÜâ¤àRÎ"YÓîÏÝÌ ÜÍïäÄëí>½âd¬à«ÇDÜþĖĚğĢþěġÌ#ÝßíÄgñvÎáÉ×i ß9¥¤Ì\FÜÍçÓÅûġđĚĢĄàëî¤RoÝ>ÂRoñRÎ$ÑÕ×ÏâëÈߨ ¥¤ãĨ?;àÊÇÛé· ßjÝßîâÜãßÇÜÒêÈËÅ No.28 (2008 October) 24 M :Ėèàï ÓìÐÌė ?B4646¸*ºy0@6À y0@6;WÀ 2¨ 2 C [email protected] ÎâDãªYâjó¾Ë§áÄïÊÞÆÏÑÅçÔ ã?B46âk8áÈÅ Ü3âÝÄð-1,3-ûĐøēóc³âùčďõĕá{ÅðÎÞóSÒØáJÒÜÈïç ÔÂõēăāēÿc³ë siRNA Êc³ÞÒÜÐñÜÅçÔÊÁ~pK{óÔ CpG DNA Þ (äñð 1 ^µâ÷ďý DNA áoÒÜÁ -1,3-ûĐøēó DDS _ZÞÒÜ{ÅÁ iÝÄðP!U áÎâc³óaá°ÔðOóèÒØÅÞÇÜÅçÔ Îâ CpG DNA ÞÅÆ%ã »ċăĐ CG þĆúđ÷ăąâ²Êeuâ~ópKÔðÎÞá|`ÒÜÅçÔ ^ÝãÁ ùčďõĕÞÒÜ{Ôð-1,3-ûĐøēâ"9(Dectin-1)á·ÒÜ/ÞÁ c³ÞÒÜâ CpG DNA á·ÒÜ/Á Ðîá CpG DNA â"9(TLR9)á·ÒÜ/óÖñ×ñÏÐÕܾËçÔ Differential High-Affinity Interaction of Dectin-1 with Natural or Synthetic Glucans is Dependent upon Primary Structure and is Influenced by Polymer Chain Length and Side-Chain Branching E. L. Adams, P. J. Rice, B. Graves, H. E. Ensley, H. Yu, G. D. Brown, S. Gordon, M. A. Monteiro, E. Papp-Szabo, D. W. Lowman, T. D. Power, M. F. Wempe, and D. L. Williams, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 325, 115-123 (2008). 2001 Câ nature ¤Ý Gordon zîãĊöÿĔĊúĒĈôĕþhb(RAW264.7)á-1,3-ûĐøēâ đāĉĂĕÞÒÜ Dectin-1 ÊxÒÜÅðÞ/&ÒçÒØÂÎâÊÞàÚÜÁ¥«±ë¹K âv7ÁçØĂēćúâ}KâTÁ~pKáÈÍð Dectin-1 âGáÛÅÜpàÊQÒ ¯éîñÜÅçÔÂ^ªYÝãÁ-1,3-ûĐøē⵶ëµÊ Dectin-1 å⥫áßâíÆàF½ó ÇðÉó\îÉáÒÜÅçÔ À 7 l-ÉîàðµwâûĐøēó{LÒÁÇÜ 8Á9Á 10 l-âûĐøēÁÐîáã 7Á8Á9 l-âûĐøēá 1 ÛâûĐüĕÿµóRÛ¦<â$MóÅçÒØ -1,3-ûĐøē¶µâ$Mãx+oÐñð´â 1 ÛÝÁ ±4â. ¢zîê£èîñÜÈïçÔ #µâ Dectin-1(ĊöÿĔVÇ,)åâ$ã ¼ĉĎĀČē nÝ©æîñÁµsD IC50 ÞÒÜm¬ÐñÜÅçÔ µwâûĐøēâ IC50 ã 7 l-â >1 mM Éî 10 l-â 0.7 mM åÁ>,âûĐøēÝã 7 l-â 0.13 mM Éî 9 l-â 29 μM åÞÁßÙîêµXÊ1ÔðáÛñ IC50 ãr=ÒÁÔàòÙ$Ê1ÒçÔµâ]t ) 1À µÊÇðµg®åâF½ óm¬ÔðÞÁ'qÅÎÞáÁ7 l-âûĐøēÝã 1 Ûâµâ áíï IC50 Ê 0.1 ár=ÒÁ çØ 9 l-Ýã 2.6 mM Éî 29 μM åÞ 0.01 DáçÝr=ÒÜÈïÁ1 ÛâûĐüĕÿµâ Ê Dectin-1 å⥫óféÜ4ËÌ¿éðÎÞóÒÜÅçÔ ) 1 ãÁµûĐøē(10 l-)Þ>ûĐ øē(9 l-+µ 1 l-)â5ČĄĐó¡ÒØêâÝÔÂÎÎÝÁ6 l-âûĐüĕÿÊ 1 Ăĕēâ[ óEMÔðÎÞóÒØIáÁµÊÄðÎÞÝČĐÊr=ÒÜÈïÁÖâazÓØ[g®âAÊ Dectin-1 å⥫áF½óÇðÞHîãUdÒÜÅçÔ NÃâûĐĕĉÝãÁ56nó{Å No.28 (2008 October) 25 áāęĂĞƸç2*Ð-1,3-āęÿĝç 3 µXç¸ç³?æÍóBÀ÷ªêȸРÙóãX&(çmçy.Ð/öòÈXçĒċĊÐÒåóÕã÷×áËëÙÉç³?㧠ãç ¼èE¤YÖôóêÑ©ÂãÍñôëÙÉ Properties Regulating the Nature of the Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Response to Toll-Like Receptor 9 Activation C. Guiducci, G. Ott, J. H. Chan, E. Damon, C. Calacsan, T. Matray, K. D. Lee, R. L. Coffman, and F. J. Barrat, J. Exp. Med., 203, 1999-2008 (2006). CpG DNA ç¢è 1984 =ç BCG ç DNA ~æ@ åúĝĉĞēüěĝ¨7ÐÊóãËÌHn Izñ ç,%æ²òëÙÉÛçEÈ1992 =æ DNA ç CG ąĐ ĀĚþĊĎætÐÊóÕã÷YñÏæ×ë×ÝÉ 1995 =æèÈKrieg zñÐ0}^ç DNA æ B çrLÐÊòÈÖñæ CG ç¿ĖĊęÐrLæJ ÁâÊóÕã÷ÑkíëÙÉÕç CG ³÷$ì"Mþ Ęăa´(CpG DNA)Ð#gçrL÷ÙÕãÏñÈ x*ÈCpG DNA ÷|ËÝoïĜĀĊĝpç ºæqнëßáËëÙÉ ] « V â è È A ® g h w (PDC) æ Î Ó ó CpG DNA ç|æ¼×áÖôáËëÙÉ PDC è ) 2Ç CpG DNA çrLif âeíá8åËâÙÐOûúęĆKæÎ ËᵡåC÷PßáËëÙÉPDC ÷rLÙó CpG DNA èÈÅcÄÈ ³È iç;æðò AÈ BÈC ãËÌ 3 àç+æ0ÖôëÙÉA +è IFN-ç{ÈB +èhwçMvÈC +è A ã B ç i(>èÐòëÙÐ)÷RßáËëÙÉÕôëâÈrLç;Ðæ}^ÙóÏèYÞßÝçâ ÙÐÈDñè CpG DNA çRàÆjf¯æÛç¬÷¤Ò·ÐÊóã«ÓáËëÙÉ3èÈA +è BÈC +ãèåòȳ\æþĘă G ³÷J¡ãÙóÝíÈG ç 4 ¶AM÷×Ý1» "÷zØ ëÙÉÛÕâÈÆjf¯ç±ËÐç9*NæäçðÌåBÀ÷ÍóÏ÷È[ãE[ýĝĎĈĞ ĕç`ã×áÈOčėĝĆēüĘĝĚćĔĉĞOãO Lamp-1 O÷|ËáÃG¹â£5×áËëÙÉ _èÈF^ýĝĎĈĞĕâ;èåËîçãÖôáÑÝçâÙÐÈA +âÊôé[ýĝĎĈĞĕÈB + âÊôéE[ýĝĎĈĞĕÈC +èWâÛôÜô§ÖôóãËÌîçâ×Ý() 2)ÉàëòÈÕç " çZuЧ-Nç;ÈÖñæèrLç;÷zØÖÚóãËÌÕãâÙÉÕçåbQã×áÈ\³æÈ G4 ¶÷AMå 7-ČùĄ G ÷Rà A +Ð B +gæÈ Uç B +÷Ràďđ1Ð A +gæÈ ëÝ pH KLç®(E[ýĝĎĈĞĕâT!)æ6×Ý C +Ð B +gæÈÛôÜô9*N ÷/ÍÈÖñærL÷×ÝÕãÐSÔñôëÙÉÕçðÌæ1çÆjf¯Ð 4æÍóBÀ÷d¥ ÙóÕãè¦×¾ËÕãÏîôëÚøÐÈ¿<æ'sÒEç°:ÐlæåóãÕõâÙÉ No.28 (2008 October) 26 Ligand-Induced Conformational Changes Allosterically Activate Toll- Like Receptor 9 E. Latz, A. Verma, A. Visintin, M. Gong, C. M. Sirois, D. C. G. Klein, B. G. Monks, C. J. McKnight, M. S. Lamphier, W. P. Duprex, T. Espevik, and D. T. Golenbock, Nat. Immunol., 8, 772-779 (2007). o CpG DNA "r Toll 8" 9 (TLR9)p2000 &#T nEC GY{| q)p:M TLR9 <,]${¦ª ¥pF+O(Th1 )k| [1 { x~wpTLR9-CpG DNA j\_97k| ¨ª|q o 5^/pF<,J~ CpG ODN ¬¤«ªgr GpC ODN(CpG cg) w TLR9-Fc(IgG Fc 0AQ.tV)NZ,-zwJ{~q|v|wp TLR9 7d, CpG g=2p~zw U,(CD);1v{|( 3a %)q pTLR9 <, CpG gRC}7 dwhXrzwv~q8R6p TLR9-Fc i N®C 4LjalwpCpG g IS~zv* s~( 3a )qzz pFRET B`D|m®"jal> !x FLIM-FRET wfD{ s~q3PHp TLR9 ER i| -{ upCpG ODN ey¬¥¡©K|pCpG g\_)7d w MyD88(£§¢) H ¥eW {(b s~( 3b)qBpCpG ODN e )pTLR9 w ER v¬¥¡©K~97@ ?w' sz~q 3o TLR9 7d No.28 (2008 October) 27 30&!/ 2+( -1 '*( $% ([email protected]) 65 x|½'OR̨´íåÙòè(~÷-4|)¾¤êÜî½'lkq¼d§ÇÊ·§É¥ Á´¤b¼3±É P«§´Ã¼¤ÞìÛÓÜíáíò½ÑëíÏÅu!»º½ñcQÀ ½Ad¼Äd¯ÊÉ¥®Êǽkq½*¾¤LªÇLgßàéòÝîÕÐ×½íåÙòèÌ3¼°· ©È¤K¼ÆÉÕÐ×)Å ¼ÆÉ^H_s½ÏðÕðãî8&½Z0«ËÊ· §É¥9¤x|¹n;½LæÐÒïéòÝîÖÔòî½6+íåÙòè¼ÆÉêÜî½kq«iÍ ¸¦É[1]¥x|¹ÖÔòî½6+íåÙò辤zFñRñÕÐ׼˴ÈaDh»x|êÜîrÌ J±É¥Á´³½+¬¯ªÇ¤/?¼ÆȽIɧÌíÏîÚÐè¸Z0±É®¹« }¸¦É¥"¤6+íåÙòè½ ©Æ¿?2½1¢GV¼¶§·°¤1½kqÌ y°´§¥ %öø6+íåÙòè½S<% 75. 7465),"# ~½ª´ÁÈÌU¹Y¯²É¹¤~-«fh¼°çØîÅíåÙòè½R«=F¯ ÊÉ¥®½7z{`¾¤~-«,B-¸¦É®¹¼#°¤eUBj d«³½¡ ¸¦É¥°ª°¤®½w»YV¸¾¤LöõæÐÒïéòÝîÕÐ×½6+íåÙòèÌ>É®¹¾$ ¸¦É¥³®¸¤6+íåÙòèÌ_h¼>ɴü¤~p5ÌU ±ÉMV«h¼d§Ç Ê·§Éó%÷ô¥~-Ì[ª°´NT[,(Òïïäîè)Ì]¯²¤¢t½:¼~½p5Ì É¥®½p5¼U[X̨ɹ¤p5°·§´÷-«Ê·4|°¤6+íåÙòè«>ÇÊ É¥NT[,Ì]¯²·>ÇÊÉ~p5¾¤LæÐÒïéòÝî½8RÌ=F°·©È¤® ½¡R«6+íåÙòè=F¼¹»É¥³°·¤¨ÉU[X¼ÄWE«@¸¦É¥wU ¸¾6+íåÙòè«=F¯Êű§«¤áÛâÎòÅ(Ì͵[X¸¾=F_«C»É¥Á´¤í åÙòè=F_¾~-½o¼Ä.°¤*o½~YvÅjm\½£§ ~¸¾ No.28 (2008 October) 28 m~«¨¡a-j¤«©j5\?LX¨ «ªN[Wj5=ªL[2]a-j|d¦ $Q Ot[WªOtL[3,4]PEG b $gir+{Q $ 1© XªBL[5]kirQj| A ¥ªBL[6]ª ÉÌa-jJL a-jJL".#½´Æ¿6:ª;LPSLªPSL¡KJÉ]e X9KPSJ_l½´Æ¿mª;Lª[7]PS_lª}PS n-jKJY-jgÉ$j½´Æ¿6:«ªÇÊAÈa-jJLG qc 2ira-j6:K(¾¹Áï®Ã)sMQª 7+{ JRPµ¶»Å°§©@PSªPSL¡a-jJLI£0 T ªPS½´Æ¿_lªw`*h J]%ª¥Â½´Æ¿ yUr)ª &Dª¤PSKJYZª-jX9«¢9 -jg (^É$j½´Æ¿6:«ª[8] A ÊÌÇAÈPSL H4 ÇBÈPS :¼Ä³ ² B irÉ$j j¡¬Ë¸ºÀÆ·Ã`3 8fFvª¥ {±Å·Á²·! >«ªu/ Cozp'¡p'ªEUr ,<V x±Å·Á²·! 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" uwz²)g'¸dF±(°C¤¬U¯>d¿»¼¡±¹¯*U¯zT ¿6 +ØÓËÜÕ1¥¼S¼"â²Z$°¹¼ØÓËÜÕ±>F(ÑÚÊɱ¼ yß-z²z±D¿R£¬¼¨¶z¿£¨c±a:°¹»Z$h¤¼¡± Z$7¿[¥¼¨¶ØÓËÜÕ²W¿£½£¬Wmq¿(¢¦¼Wmq(¥ ¼¡®§½°2C¥¼./>Fp»(¾»ØÓËÜÕ*U¯>F¿p¥¼ No.28 (2008 October) 30 %öøT&·ÀÃëâÖñåBH,àîÕÔ¸ ·8ª²# 8h % ! # " mqt·¹ÔßÈïÐsò·"ÇÓì)ÆL±ó´ÏíÔÙîñì£.¦¼ÄÃäÍîÜæÉï OsêßÛ£1'«Ã´p ÁIJÃò%÷óäÍîÜæÉï¹5 ×ïÞÍjÆKd·; '©¬ÃGÆL±¨´¢ÁÓÎÝì¿:q¶µ¸*´ª²Qr«ÃäÍîÜæÉï¸s 0¹ÇÓì)¸G£J Áįg?^H·Â $¹[g?¶St³Ã¨¸täÍîÜæ ÉïÆ</ëâÖñå³OIª²z7«Ã¨´£³¤Ã%÷¹"s´"s´ÏíÔÙî ñì¸õI¢ÁIÃ</ëâÖñå¸vE³ÃäÍîÜæÉï´StĮķ;'«Ãô i¸vulÆV«Ã¨´³ëâÖñåw³¸ôRtOÆyª²Ã¶¡e=ðE >Wj¸°§³¹t¸ÜæÉïOÆz7«Ã¨´¹N¶¼¯¨¸ôRtÜ æÉïO¹õRtB^´6·ËØà쪲¡ÂÜæÉï¸ÊïÜÑÉÛñÓÔ_£</ëâÖñå ·²z7©Ä²Ãò%÷ó[10] %÷ømqtäÍîÜæÉïO¸PA%òó</ëâÖñå³_ª¯äÍîÜæÉïO¸íñÒñ \ZEnu(£äÍîÜæÉïu(£St·8F«ÃÜæÉïÊïÜÑÉÛ ñÓÔ¸PA% %!$" a!¹]¸SÆ¥M4]¿]`dT·8«Ã+c´ª²stÆBIª²Ã ¨¸À¶çÚì3´ª²</ëâÖñå»a ]¿2FÆ9«ÃãÉÍîËàÕì3 £}½ÁIJà º o|k´ ÏñܸàêÔäÜ ¸VYUÆb²ëâÖ ñåÆX³xCõ÷@ÉïÌèáñÓéï·ÀÂ</ëâÖñ峸×ïÞÍIFàîÕÔ £z7©Ä²Ã[11]¼¯ëâÖñå·9©Ä¯F]£-YU¸{l¢Á©Äè ´¾f~©Ä²¡Â</ëâÖñå£-]¢Á¸DQO´ª²M³Ã¨´£Å¢Ã No.28 (2008 October) 31 [1] Luisi, P.L., Walde, P. Giant Vesicles; John Wiley & Sons Ltd: Chichester (2000). [2] Angelova, M.I., Soléau, S., Méléard, Ph., Faucon, J.F., Bothorel, P. Progr. Colloid Polym. Sci., 89, 127-131 (1992). [3] Magome, N., Takemura, T., Yoshikawa, K. Chem. Lett., 26, 205-206 (1997). [4] Yamada, N.L., Hishida, M., Seto, H., Tsumoto, K., Yoshimura T. Europhys. Lett., 80, 48002 (2007). [5] Yamashita, Y., Oka, M., Tanaka, T., Yamazaki, M. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1561, 129-134 (2002). [6] Akashi, K., Miyata, H., Itoh, H., Kinoshita, K.Jr. Biophys. J., 74, 2973-2982 (1998). [7] Yamada, A., Yamanaka, T., Hamada, T., Hase, M., Yoshikawa, K., Baigl, D. Langmuir, 22, 9824-9828 (2006). [8] Pautot, S., Frisken, B.J., Weitz, D.A. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 100, 10718-10721 (2003). [9] Evans, E., Rawicz, W. Phys. Rev. Lett., 64, 2094-2097 (1990). [10] Hamada, T., Miura, Y., Ishii, K., Araki, S., Yoshikawa, K., Vestergaard, M., Takagi, M. J. Phys. Chem. B, 111, 10853-10857 (2007). [11] Nomura, S.M., Tsumoto, K., Hamada, T., Akiyoshi, K., Nakatani, Y., Yoshikawa, K. ChemBioChem, 4, 1172-1175 (2003). No.28 (2008 October) 32 R;V0303g"f;3nqpg"E+6J | oÂe'¢R;V0303g"f;3nqpg"E+6JÁ7k}fKIÁnq4»¢c nq$ϱº©Ëų¢|¼i±Å³£2006 ? 3 Q¿R;V0303g"f;3nqpgb ðùâá6JÁ#KIÁǼ»3ÏB±¢!? 4 QÉËÑóöØ &ØöïÖ÷ëÑ:ÝúêÒ ÕÜÁáÚöðánqGÁ Prof. Jeffery W. 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Kelly Kelly ¡¦IĊĐîijŕĿĩÊďłĥŖŒķġŕĪėŊįłĥŖŒķġŕĪĎÞĀě¡¦ 1)кĆĉñēĀï ĠŕĴĿŐœŒíĮŖĸÒĞFGĎċěŅŃĴĹďÜĎCēĚîĦœłġŕîĤįĶŒ«1ĞÛĎN þĄíĮŖĸŅŃĴĹďłĥŖŒķġŕĪĞÀĀě¡¦îÎÐijŕĿĩÊ Transthyretin ďĠŊŔĢĹ\g ďŌħĻİŋÀ|ċăďĠŊŔĢĹ\gĞßJĀěO#DĊðěīŊħŒĮōŅŔŕďÜĎÞĀě¡¦î Gaucher čČĎôúěīŊħŒĮōŅŔŕď¡¦čČöoûęĜēĀïÏWĊĐîAlzheimer amyloid -peptideŗAŘďĠŊŔĢĹ®)ĎÞĀě¡¦ėîì-synuclein Ğ_ċþĄ Parkinson ĎÞĀě¡¦Ė ºñî)E#Ùõę©´ėʼnģįĞĆĄ#ÙēĊVXñkĞñĉcė®)ŌħĻ İŋďÀ|čČĞnþĉñēĀïĎî}ÏĐ#ÙĎ'ĞñĜĉñěĂñõîEĞ3ĕŐŇďŌ ŕľŖď+vĐî)E£ĊðĚčöę©´EėÖDSEčČĞľĵĩĪŐģŕĹĎmćĊ- No.28 (2008 October) 34 íñôßÈêÕÅfòç_e%;àÄïėĕċĐãâævÂ:öPÜßÈÙĝģēĦç ö,íß TòÔÌÈãÈtjàÔÙÅĞĘædNç#U ĩÄęĈĐāĮÄ;vĭÄQ.ĪÄ\ĩ àÄøĝğÿ7æ72Í8ÈĈāğĕĈàçíÖñÔÐÄøĝğÿÍĮáµ'Wö(íÄ2ĬÄ úģĐÄĆģĀęĦĠÄĈûüĦďģľ2ÄZaħ ĨÍ*ĩàÔÙÅ Ã ÍSEÔÙĎĦĚçīÝÇòêÕÍÄâôî Aä»ÕóàÔÙÅ0çÄØæÉÛæĝúģà´Ô ßÈÙĎĦĚä»Ôß ÈÙÔêÕÅøĠčĒúĚĦ|æ)1r«áÊñôßÈó AæøěĢúĐ %äËÈß AævpDç nM ġĖĠá õôßÈêÕÅYÄAæ½ÔÉó]pDħ¼xp DĨçWμM !Gá õôßËòÄvæðÉãg®~pDäËÑó Aæ½FNĝÿđĉĜç`Ú [ÓôßËòê×÷ÅKelly >àç!ðòÄv{B¨¹%r«Í Aæ½ö³Ó×óá ÈÉöÔßÎêÔÙ 2) ÅØÒàaàçÄøĠčĒúĚĦ|ä»±ÔÄv{B¨ràÇó áÊñôßÈóăġĈĎĢĦĠ¹%rö¸s{~äÀÔÙ Aö¢¡ĥ+NÔÄvæðÉã A pDu5àæ½FNäÝÈßðò¤ãbö£ëêÔÙÅVäðó½FNæ°Dm<ïÄ ½FNæ¼xpDæö£ëÙcÄÀ AàçW nMįW& nM ġĖĠàæ½FNÍñôÄ ¼xpDÍWμM !GàÇÜÙ`Àæ AðòîÄÌãòÈpDà½ÕóÒáÍÌòêÔÙÅÓñäÄ ăġĈĎĢĦĠ{B¹%ræÀæ·ÈäðÜ߼FN°Dï½FN¼xpDä6%Íñ ôêÔÙÅaàHñôÙçväËÑó Aæ nM ġĖĠàæøěĢúĐFNĝÿđĉĜæ[ äÝãÍóáÊñôêÕÅ Ã ĎĦĚçĘĈá¦ÔßiêòêÕÍijíYãâçäÓôßÈêÕÅe/æÈYï=Á æOkãâçĞĘæĝģēĦÄsä;vÍÔÜÌòÔßÈßðÐUÊßîñÈêÔÙÅĞĘæěĦĎùģĂͲ ä 1 0Ä3 Ĥ^ä0éâæ"+àæ}ÍêõÜßÎßNcö4-ÕóéÌÄ äĘĈï#Uá ³tjï=Áæ¤äÝÈß©§ÕóeîÇòêÕÅEçÄÙðÉãĎĦĚöÉĝģēĦÍĞĘ äçfÜßËñÖÄ=Áö¶ä×óæäîÄ¥àÆá@åUõóæäî$ÔêÔÙÅáÌ=Á ö¶ä×Ä¥àæ=Á橧îðÉïÐLô9íÙ¿äçÄ2 Cºn3æõòä¯ÞÈßÔêÈ êÔÙÅA2êàä§X}çºä+Èê×÷àÔÙÍÄRêàçoÏÑêÔÙæàįÈÉÛä} ÓôôèáJÜßËòêÕÅ Prof. Jeffery W. Kelly Kelly >æĝģēĦ āğĈĚĈĔĦĎùĦàZaæYÆá ąģďùýĄàævläËÈßzyKÔßËÌãÑôèãñãÈÒáçÄ2 qÇóÌáJÈêÕÅÝ çÄ?ªÍÂÈÒáàÕÅAmerica's Finest City áÈÉÒáàÄìÒáäMôöîÝøĝğÿÍ8Ðh ÍÂÈÒáÍ1àÕÅ1 ĖČĐĠĦĜïĈĊćþàî^$1000 ÕóæàÄOöÕóá^æ' Í?ªáãóîÈêÕÅêÙÄĠĦĜĆüøî÷äõôßÈêÕÅÝçÄ?w¬ÍIáÈ No.28 (2008 October) 35 ¥¤Finest City ¥f¶µ£´¨¯¶²qÑþ§¦©uCªn-¤q´©¥ §©¥¤ªKH¯§³x¡¯©¨§³·»Î¹µ«KHª+¨°b¤ DrPG(_¯²¤>Y©¾ÒÄÒO¼ÌÀÆÓ$1.5Ô§¦¯³>B; J>B©o¯¬¥¸¦5¨³t,{a°NETÑhT§¦¤¯>Bi u´C#§³ÂÍÅÏ¡£¯£ª)?¨eF¤´±¨§¡£Ó `iª¡w§§³Ô ²¨I¨'U¨£ª>BRV]¥©¢§³¯.zªx¡£¯RVÑKH§¦© ¤¡£´¬ÄÒÁºÒ°=a§¦¨¯aC³M'/²¾ÊÒ¿¨KH RV·%®´¥¤©¯©¾»Îƾ>BRV]©ks<©¤§>B¨* 0¯¢§³³>B¾»Îƾ·u£ 1 ,¨ 1 ªWÑRV}µ£³È ÒÊÇÒ½ 3) ¯³ ²©M'3 °M'gªM'©^¨¥¡£¯$"\¨§³ ©!·³£>B¾»Îƾ©kK<¨S·L 2 ,~©M'ª|±¨2¡¥~¨v£¡m¤©Q±¨ 4´A~¨1²µZª+¨py§¯©¤0©RVKH¨K£µ«¥2 @0¨§³6`i¤¯d¨8£¡ Kelly 97¥ÍÉ©ËÐÃÒ¨4l M'g©X©C·£[&©K<¨SL 1)@t©cP§j:¥£Johnson, S.M., et al., J. Med. Chem., 48, 1576-1587 (2005); Fu, Y., et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 128, 15948-15949 (2006); Cohen, E., et al., Science, 313, 1604-1610 (2006); Bosco, D.A., et al., Nat. Chem. Biol., 2, 249-253 (2006); Fowler, D.M., et al., PLoS Biol., 4, e6, (2006)§¦ 2) Zhang, Q. et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 101, 4752-4757 (2004); Bieschke, J., et al., Acc. Chem. Res., 39, 611-619 (2006) §¦ 3) http://www.geocities.jp/japan_scripps/ ¸ [email protected] No.28 (2008 October) eu ¨~oV`aQCB¼~ÅÉo o¬ « ¨òæó1 ¨òó o ¶dí òÎîÄ{°â=92=À¨ô ó ##!$$$ %# )OD[MIL]c_õ « ¨òæó õ1õ¤sëÚ¸ò nó bÌÏ;±A|6?áp;tq8;³Ð;Ø© ¾òÎî¼qÙÊÅÉ¢ó bX[EFKJScN;³² ñÔ´¿ò®v»ÜÇÅÉ¢ó bOaUGÜäz:ê4@7w³ÐYWPR+-G^WODRò"&!#ó. iÆlòkãÓÇó b¯åd8;yèÃhr½A{½57KHS_¥ i¦òºéѹÇÅÉÇó õ1õZMOcÁÖò nÈó õ1ìò¡×oó « ¨òó õ1õÒ£Ú¸ò nó *oÛõ}ÂçÛ xô·Ûòìgmßó x ¨ *jà õ bP\cOcTMA{½6? 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