青年期における友人の慰め方が受け手の感情に与える効果

16. 教育　2EV-124
日心第77回大会（2013）
㟷ᖺᮇ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ཭ேࡢ៘ࡵ᪉ࡀཷࡅᡭࡢឤ᝟࡟୚࠼ࡿຠᯝ
ᑠᕝ⩧኱
㸦ᮾிᏛⱁ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔㐃ྜᏛᰯᩍ⫱Ꮫ◊✲⛉㸧
࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ㸸៘ࡵ࣭ឤ᝟࣭㟷ᖺᮇ
Effect of way to console a friend on emotion of recipient in adolescence
Shota OGAWA
(Doctoral Course The United Graduate School of Education Tokyo Gakugei University)
Key Words: consolation, emotion, adolescence
┠ ⓗ
㏆ᖺࡢ㟷ᖺࡢ཭ே㛵ಀ࡛ࡣ㸪⮬ศࡸ┦ᡭࡀയࡘࡃࡇ࡜ࢆᴟ
➃࡟ᜍࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪཭ே࡜ࡢᚰ⌮ⓗ㊥㞳ࡀ㐲࠸ࡲࡲ࡟࡞ࡿഴྥ
ࡀ࠶ࡿ(⚟᳃࣭ᑠᕝ, 2006)ࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵ㸪཭ேࡀⴠࡕ㎸ࢇ࡛࠸࡚
ࡶ㸪៘ࡵ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚཭ேࡀയࡘࡃࡇ࡜ࢆᠱᛕࡋ࡚㸪ࡑࡗ࡜ࡋ࡚
࠾ࡃࡇ࡜ࢆⰋ࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡿ㟷ᖺࡶከ࠸ࡔࢁ࠺ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪ⴠࡕ㎸
ࢇࡔேࡣ㸪៘ࡵࡸࡑࡢሙࢆ㞳ࢀࡿ⾜ືࢆࡋࡓ┦ᡭ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚࡝
ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ㄆ㆑ࢆࡋ࡚㸪࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ឤ᝟࡟࡞ࡿࡢ࠿ࡣ᫂ࡽ࠿࡛
࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡇ࡛ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪཭ேࡢ៘ࡵ᪉࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㸪៘ࡵࡢཷ
ࡅᡭ࡟୚࠼ࡿຠᯝࡀ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟␗࡞ࡿࡢ࠿ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿࠋ
᪉ ἲ
ㄪᰝᑐ㇟⪅ ୰Ꮫ⏕ 384 ྡ(⏨ᛶ 206 ྡ㸪ዪᛶ 178 ྡ㸹ᖹᆒᖺ
㱋 13.20 ṓ㸪SD=0.70)㸪㧗ᰯ⏕ 311 ྡ(⏨ᛶ 150 ྡ㸪ዪᛶ 161
ྡ㸹ᖹᆒᖺ㱋 15.85 ṓ㸪SD=0.36)㸪኱Ꮫ⏕ 264 ྡ(⏨ᛶ 155 ྡ㸪
ዪᛶ 109 ྡ㸹ᖹᆒᖺ㱋 19.80 ṓ㸪SD=1.13)ࠋ
ᡭ⥆ࡁ ㉁ၥ⣬࡟ࡼࡿሙ㠃᝿ᐃἲࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋㄪᰝᑐ㇟⪅࡟ࡣ
ྠࡌᏛᰯ࡟࠸ࡿぶࡋ࠸ྠᛶࡢ཭ே A ࢆᛮ࠸ᾋ࠿࡭࡚ࡶࡽ࠸㸪
ᑐேࢺࣛࣈࣝࡢヰ(⾲ 1)ࢆㄞࢇ࡛ࡶࡽࡗࡓࠋヰࡢ୰࡛཭ே A ࠿
ࡽ៘ࡵࡽࢀࡓሙ㠃ࢆ 3 ࡘ᝿ീࡋ࡚ࡶࡽࡗࡓ(ບࡲࡋ㸸ࠕ௒ࡣ࠺
ࡲࡃ࠸࠿࡞ࡃ࡚ࡶࡁࡗ࡜኱୔ኵࡔࡼࠖ࡜ゝࢃࢀࡿ㸪ඹឤ㸸
ࠕࡘ
ࡽ࠸Ẽᣢࡕࡔࡼࡡ㸪኱୔ኵ㸽ࠖ࡜ゝࢃࢀࡿ㸪㞳ࢀࡿ㸸཭ே A
ࡣ࠶࡞ࡓ࡟ኌࢆ࠿ࡅࡎࡑࡗ࡜ࡑࡢሙࢆ㞳ࢀࡿ)ࠋྛሙ㠃࡛௨ୗ
ࡢ㉁ၥ㡯┠࡟㸪
͆6 Ⅼ㸸࡜࡚ࡶᛮ࠺(ឤࡌࡿ)͇㸫͆1 Ⅼ㸸ࡲࡗ
ࡓࡃᛮࢃ࡞࠸(ឤࡌ࡞࠸)͇ࡢ 6 ௳ἲ࡛ホᐃࡋ࡚ࡶࡽࡗࡓࠋ
៘ࡵࡽࢀࡓ᫬ࡢㄆ㆑ Ẽᣢࡕ⌮ゎ(⮬ศࡢẼᣢࡕ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ
཭ேࡢ⌮ゎ)㸪ᚰ㓄(⮬ศ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ཭ேࡢᚰ㓄)㸪᭷ຠᛶ(៘ࡵ࡟
ࡼࡗ࡚๓ྥࡁ࡟࡞ࡗࡓ࠿)ࡢ⛬ᗘ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ྛ 2 㡯┠ࡎࡘࠋ
៘ࡵࡽࢀࡓ᫬ࡢឤ᝟ ᑠᕝ(2011)ࢆᇶ࡟సᡂࡋࡓ㸪ឤㅰ (3 㡯
┠㸸Ꮀࡋࡉ㸪཭ே A ࡬ࡢ࠶ࡾࡀࡓࡉ㸪Ᏻᚰ)㸪᜝ (4 㡯┠㸸᜝
ࡎ࠿ࡋࡉ㸪⮬ศ࡬ࡢ᝟ࡅ࡞ࡉ㸪⮬ศ࡬ࡢⱔ❧ࡕ㸪⮬ศ࡬ࡢᛣ
ࡾ)㸪཯Ⓨ (2 㡯┠㸸཭ே A ࡬ࡢᛣࡾ㸪཭ே A ࡬ࡢⱔ❧ࡕ)ࠋ
⾲ 1 ᑐேࢺࣛࣈࣝࡢヰࡢෆᐜ
࠶ࡿ᪥㸪཭ே B ࡣ࠶࡞ࡓ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡍࡈࡃᛣࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋ
཭ே B ࡟ᛣࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ⌮⏤ࢆ⪺࠸࡚ࡳࡿ࡜ࠕ࠶࡞ࡓࡀ㝜࡛ᝏཱྀࢆゝ
ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࢆ⪺࠸ࡓࠖ࡜ゝ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪࠶࡞ࡓ࡟ࡣࡑࡢࡼ
࠺࡞ࡇ࡜ࢆゝࡗࡓぬ࠼ࡣ࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠋㄗゎࢆゎࡇ࠺࡜ࡋࡓࡢ࡛ࡍ
ࡀ㸪཭ே B ࡣ࠶࡞ࡓ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ᛣࡾ⥆ࡅ࡚࠸࡚㸪࡜࡚ࡶヰࡀ࡛ࡁࡲ
ࡏࢇ࡛ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ࠶࡜㸪࠶࡞ࡓࡀ཭ே B ࡢㄗゎࡀ࡜ࡅࡎⴠࡕ㎸ࢇ
࡛࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡟㸪㏆ࡃ࡟࠸ࡓ཭ே A ࡣẼ࡙ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋ
⤖ ᯝ
ឤ᝟࡜ㄆ㆑ࡢ┦㛵 ឤㅰࡣẼᣢࡕ⌮ゎ(r=.65, p<.01)㸪ᚰ㓄
(r=.60, p<.01)㸪᭷ຠᛶ(r=.63, p<.01)࡜ṇࡢ┦㛵ࢆ♧ࡋ㸪཯Ⓨࡣ
Ẽᣢࡕ⌮ゎ(r=-.43, p<.01)㸪ᚰ㓄(r=-.41, p<.01)㸪᭷ຠᛶ(r=-.37,
p<.01)࡜㈇ࡢ┦㛵ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋ᜝࡜ㄆ㆑ࡢ┦㛵ࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
ឤ᝟ᚓⅬࡢศᩓศᯒ ៘ࡵ᪉࡟ࡼࡿឤ᝟ᚓⅬࡢ㐪࠸ࢆ᳨ウࡍ
ࡿࡓࡵ㸪ྛឤ᝟࡛ᖺ㱋(3)™៘ࡵ᪉(2)ࡢศᩓศᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡑ
ࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪៘ࡵ᪉ࡢ୺ຠᯝࡣ㸪ឤㅰ(F(2,1912)=136.15, p<.01)㸪
཯Ⓨ(F(2,1912)=72.42, p<.01)࡛᭷ព࡛࠶ࡾ㸪᜝࡛ࡣࡳࡽࢀ࡞࠿
ࡗࡓࠋከ㔜ẚ㍑ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪ឤㅰ࡛ࡣ㸪ບࡲࡋ(M=4.21)࡜
ඹឤ(M=4.16)ࡣ㞳ࢀࡿ(M=2.90)ࡼࡾ㧗ࡃ㸪ບࡲࡋ࡜ඹឤ࡟ᕪࡣ
࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ཯Ⓨ࡛ࡣ㸪㞳ࢀࡿ(M=2.45)ࡣບࡲࡋ(M=1.90)࡜ඹឤ
(M=1.96)ࡼࡾ㧗ࡃ㸪ບࡲࡋ࡜ඹឤ࡟ᕪࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
ᖺ㱋™៘ࡵ᪉ࡢ஺஫స⏝ࡣ㸪ឤㅰ(F(4,1912)=42.17, p<.01)㸪
᜝(F(4,1912)=4.03, p<.01)㸪཯Ⓨ(F(4,1912)=21.29, p<.01)࡛᭷ព
ࡔࡗࡓࠋྛឤ᝟࡛៘ࡵ᪉ู࡟ከ㔜ẚ㍑ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ⤖ᯝ(⾲ 2)㸪ឤ
ㅰ࡛ࡣ㸪ບࡲࡋ࡜ඹឤࡣ୰Ꮫ⏕࡜㧗ᰯ⏕࡛ᕪࡀ࡞ࡃ኱Ꮫ⏕ࡀ
᭱ࡶప࠿ࡗࡓࡀ㸪㞳ࢀࡿࡣ୰Ꮫ⏕࡜኱Ꮫ⏕࡛ᕪࡀ࡞ࡃ㧗ᰯ⏕
ࡀ᭱ࡶప࠿ࡗࡓ(ᅗ 1)ࠋ᜝࡛ࡣ㸪࡝ࡢ៘ࡵ᪉ࡶ୰Ꮫ⏕࡜኱Ꮫ⏕
࡛ᕪࡀ࡞ࡃ㧗ᰯ⏕ࡀ᭱ࡶప࠿ࡗࡓࠋ཯Ⓨ࡛ࡣ㸪ບࡲࡋ࡜ඹឤ
ࡣ୰Ꮫ⏕࡜㧗ᰯ⏕࡛ᕪࡀ࡞ࡃ኱Ꮫ⏕ࡀ᭱ࡶ㧗࠿ࡗࡓࡀ㸪㞳ࢀ
ࡿࡣ୰Ꮫ⏕࡜኱Ꮫ⏕࡛ᕪࡀ࡞ࡃ㧗ᰯ⏕ࡀ᭱ࡶ㧗࠿ࡗࡓ(ᅗ 2)ࠋ
⾲ 2 ឤ᝟ᚓⅬ䛾ᖹᆒ(SD)䛸ከ㔜ẚ㍑䛾⤖ᯝ
㻌
୰Ꮫ⏕
㧗ᰯ⏕
኱Ꮫ⏕ ᖺ㱋䛾ከ㔜ẚ㍑
ឤㅰ ບ䜎䛧 4.34(1.45) 4.38(1.27) 3.81(1.39)
୰=㧗>኱
ඹឤ 4.36(1.48) 4.17(1.34) 3.86(1.40)
୰=㧗>኱
㞳䜜䜛 3.23(1.77) 2.03(1.08) 3.46(1.46)
୰=኱>㧗
᜝
ບ䜎䛧 2.73(1.22) 2.49(1.12) 2.75(1.18)
୰=኱>㧗
ඹឤ 2.78(1.27) 2.38(1.17) 2.70(1.17)
୰=኱>㧗
㞳䜜䜛 2.67(1.27) 2.38(1.28) 2.82(1.19)
୰=኱>㧗
཯Ⓨ ບ䜎䛧 1.90(1.26) 1.71(1.02) 2.14(1.18)
኱>୰=㧗
ඹឤ 1.87(1.28) 1.86(1.17) 2.19(1.23)
኱>୰=㧗
㞳䜜䜛 2.15(1.41) 2.87(1.47) 2.38(1.24)
㧗>୰=኱
୰㸸୰Ꮫ⏕㸪㧗㸸㧗ᰯ⏕㸪኱㸸኱Ꮫ⏕
୰
୰Ꮫ 㸪㧗 㧗ᰯ 㸪
Ꮫ
(Bonfferoni
(
ἲ㸪p
ἲ㸪p<.05))
⪃ ᐹ
㞳ࢀࡿ࡛ࡣ㸪௚ࡢ៘ࡵ᪉ࡼࡾ┦ᡭ࡬ࡢឤㅰࡣపࡃ཯Ⓨࡀ㧗
࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣ㸪㞳ࢀࡓ཭ே࡟ᑐࡋ࡚⮬ศࡢẼᣢࡕࢆ⌮ゎࡏ
ࡎᚰ㓄ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸࡜ཷࡅᡭࡀㄆ㆑ࡋࡓࡓࡵࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ≉࡟㧗ᰯ
⏕࡛ࡣ㸪ぶࡋ࠸཭ே࡜㛢㙐ⓗ㛵ಀࢆ⠏ࡃࡓࡵࠊ⮬ศࡀⴠࡕ㎸
ࢇࡔ᫬࡟཭ேࡀఱࡶࡏࡎ㞳ࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡟ᩄឤ࡟࡞ࡾ㸪௚ࡢᖺ㱋
ࡼࡾ཯Ⓨࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࡢࡔࢁ࠺ࠋບࡲࡋ࡜ඹឤ࡛ࡣឤㅰࡀ㧗
࠿ࡗࡓ(ඹ࡟ 4 Ⅼ௨ୖ)ࠋ୰Ꮫ⏕࡜㧗ᰯ⏕ࡣ཭ே࡬ࡢぶ࿴ḧồ
ࡀ㧗࠸ࡓࡵࠊບࡲࡋࡸඹឤ࡞࡝ᚰ㓄ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ஦ࡀఏࢃࡾࡸࡍ
࠸៘ࡵ᪉ࡀཷࡅᡭ࡟࣏ࢪࢸ࢕ࣈ࡞ຠᯝࢆ୚࠼ࡓࡢࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ཯
ᑐ࡟㸪኱Ꮫ⏕ࡣ㸪ᚰ⌮ⓗ࡟⮬❧ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪⮬ศ⮬㌟࡛ၥ㢟࡟
ᑐฎ࡛ࡁࡿࡓࡵ㸪௚ࡢᏛᖺࡼࡾࡶឤㅰࡀపࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࡢࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ
ᘬ⏝ᩥ⊩
⚟᳃ᓫ㈗࣭ᑠᕝಇᶞ (2006). 㟷ᖺᮇ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ୙ᛌ᝟ືࡢᅇ㑊
ࡀ཭ே㛵ಀ࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪̿⮬ᕫ㛤♧࡟క࠺യࡘࡁࡢண ࢆ
፹௓࡜ࡋ࡚. ࣃ࣮ࢯࢼࣜࢸ࢕◊✲, 15, 13-19.
ᑠᕝ⩧኱ (2011). ௚⪅࠿ࡽࡢྠ᝟࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⏕ࡌࡿឤ᝟̿ฟ᮶
஦ࡢཎᅉᖐᒓ࡜┦ᡭ࡜ࡢぶᐦࡉ࡟ࡼࡿឤ᝟ࡢ㐪࠸̿. ᩍ⫱
ᚰ⌮Ꮫ◊✲, 59, 267-277.
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