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中学生の単語親密度に基づいた アルファベットのフォネティック読み単語
╙㧞┨ ਛቇ↢ߩන⺆ⷫኒᐲߦၮߠߚ ࠕ࡞ࡈࠔࡌ࠶࠻ߩࡈࠜࡀ࠹ࠖ࠶ࠢ⺒ߺන⺆ߩㆬቯ Word Selection for Phonetic Alphabet Based on the Word Familiarity Evaluated by Junior High School Students ࠄ߹ߒ ⷞⷡ㓚ኂ⠪↪ࠬࠢࡦ࠳ߩᄙߊߪ㧘ࠕ࡞ࡈࠔࡌ࠶࠻ߩࡈࠜࡀ࠹ࠖ࠶ࠢ ⺒ߺߦ NATO phonetic alphabet ࠍណ↪ߒߡࠆߒ߆ߒޕ㧘ߘߩන⺆ߩਛߦߪ㧘ᣣᧄੱ↢ ᓤߦߪ㚔ᨴߺ߇ૐߣᕁࠊࠇࠆන⺆߿㧘ᣣᧄੱ߇ᷙหߒ߿ߔ⊒㖸ኻ㧔/b/ߣ/v/㧘/r/ߣ/l/ ߥߤ㧕ࠍࠎߛන⺆ߥߤ߇ࠆߡߒߣ࡙ࠩߩ࠳ࡦࠢࠬޕਛቇ↢ࠍᗐቯߒ㧘 ߩࡈࠜࡀ࠹ࠖ࠶ࠢ⺒ߺࠍᓐࠄ߇ℂ⸃ߢ߈ࠆ߆ߤ߁߆㧘ᡷ⦟ߔࠆߥࠄߤߩࠃ߁ߥන⺆ࠍ ߁ߩ߇ࠃ߆ࠍᬌ⸛ߔࠆߚ㧘ਛቇ↢ࠍኻ⽎ߣߒߚන⺆⡞߈ขࠅ⺞ᩏࠍታᣉߒߚߘޕ ߩ⚿ᨐ㧘NATO phonetic alphabet ߩන⺆ߩᄢㇱಽߪⷫኒᐲ߇ૐߊ㧘㗡ᢥሼᱜ╵₸߇㜞⺆ ߽ඨಽ⒟ᐲߦߣߤ߹ߞߚઁޕᣇߢ㧘ਥߦਛቇ 1 ᐕቇ⠌න⺆߆ࠄㆬࠎߛන⺆ߩᄢㇱಽ ߪⷫኒᐲ߇㜞ߊ㧘ᱜ╵₸߇㜞߆ߞߚޕએࠍ〯߹߃㧘න⺆ⷫኒᐲߣ㗡ᢥሼᱜ╵₸ߩਔᣇ ߇㜞න⺆ࠍ㧘ᣣᧄੱ↢ᓤ↪ࡈࠜࡀ࠹ࠖ࠶ࠢ⺒ߺߦㆡߒߚන⺆ߣߒߡឭ᩺ߒߚޕ 㧝㧚ߪߓߦ ࠕ࡞ࡈࠔࡌ࠶࠻ 1 ሼࠍන⁛ߢ⺒ߺߍࠆߣ⡞߈ขࠅߠࠄߎߣ߇ߒ߫ߒ߫ࠆߎߘޕ ߢ৻ߟߩන⺆ࠍ⺒ߺߍߡ㧘ߘߩන⺆ߩ㗡ᢥሼ 1 ሼࠍᱜ⏕ߦવ߃ࠆᣇᴺ߇ࠆࠍࠇߎޕ ߺ⺒ࠢ࠶ࠖ࠹ࡀࠜࡈޟ㧔phonetic alphabet / phonetic code㧕ޟ߫߃ޕ߁ߣޠAlphaߣޠ ⺒ߺߍߡޟAࠍޠ㧘 ޟdeltaߺ⺒ߣޠߍߡޟDࠍޠવ߃ࠆޕએᓟ㧘ࠕ࡞ࡈࠔࡌ࠶࠻ 1 ሼ ࠍ⸥ߔߣ߈ߪ㧘ⷞⷡ⊛ߥ⼂ᕈߩߚᄢᢥሼࠍ↪ࠆޕ ࡈࠜࡀ࠹ࠖ࠶ࠢ⺒ߺߪή✢ㅢା߿㔚ߥߤ㧘㖸ჿߩߺߢᢥሼࠍᱜ⏕ߦવ߃ࠆ႐㕙ߢᰳ ߆ߖߥⷡⷞޕ㓚ኂ⠪߇㖸ჿߢࠦࡦࡇࡘ࠲ࠍᠲߔࠆߣ߈߽ห᭽ߦᔅⷐߣߐࠇࠆߎޕ ߩߚ㧘↹㕙ᖱႎࠍ㖸ჿജߔࠆࠬࠢࡦ࠳࠰ࡈ࠻ߦߪࡈࠜࡀ࠹ࠖ࠶ࠢ⺒ߺ߇ⵝ ߐࠇߡࠆޕ↪⠪ߩᄙࠬࠢࡦ࠳ຠߢߪ㧘NATO phonetic alphabet[1] ߩන⺆ࠍណ↪ߒߡࠆ߽ߩ߇ᄙޕNATO phonetic alphabet ߪ㧘ߘߩฬߩㅢࠅరޘNATO 㧔ർᄥᵗ᧦⚂ᯏ᭴㧕ߢ↪ߐࠇߚ߽ߩߛ߇㧘ߢߪ࿖㓙᳃㑆⥶ⓨᯏ㑐 ICAO㧔The International Civil Aviation Organization 㧕 ߿ ࿖ 㓙 㔚 ᳇ ㅢ ା ㅪ ว ITU 㧔 International Telecommunication Union㧕ߢ߽ណ↪ߐࠇߡࠆޕA ߆ࠄ Z ߩࡈࠜࡀ࠹ࠖ࠶ࠢ⺒ߺߩ৻ⷩ ࠍ 1 ߦ␜ߔޕ NATO phonetic alphabet ߦߪ᰷☨ੱߦߣߞߡ৻⥸⊛ߥන⺆߇ណ↪ߐࠇߡࠆߣᕁࠊࠇ ࠆ߇㧘ߘࠇࠄ߇ᣣᧄੱߦߣߞߡ৻⥸⊛ߢࠆߣߪ㒢ࠄߥޕฬ㧔Lima, Quebec㧕߿ੱ ฬ㧔Charlie, Romeo ߥߤ㧕ߛߌߢߥߊ㧘৻⥸ฬ⹖ߩਛߦ߽㧘ᣣᧄੱߦߣߞߡ㚔ᨴߺ߇⭯ ߣᕁࠊࠇࠆන⺆߇ࠄࠇࠆ㧔Foxtrot, Sierra ߥߤ㧕ޕන⺆߳ߩ㚔ᨴߺߩᐲว㧔ⷫኒᐲߣ ߽ߐࠇࠆ㧕ߪ⡞߈ขࠅߩᱜ⏕ߐ㧔න⺆ੌ⸃ᐲ㧕ߦਈ߃ࠆᓇ㗀߇ᄢ߈ߚ[2]㧘ᣣᧄ ੱߦߣߞߡߩ㚔ᨴߺߩૐߐߪࡈࠜࡀ࠹ࠖ࠶ࠢ⺒ߺߩ⡞߈ขࠅߦᓇ㗀ߔࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆޕ ᄖ᧪⺆ߣߒߡ㚔ᨴߺߪߞߡ߽㧘✄ࠅࠍᱜ⏕ߦᗐߢ߈ߥන⺆߽ࠆߛࠈ߁ޕR ߹ߚ ߪ L ߢᆎ߹ࠆන⺆ߪ㧘ฬߢߪหߓⴕߢ⸥ߐࠇࠆߎߣ߇ᄙߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘⊒㖸ߛߌ߆ ࠄߢߪ㗡ᢥሼࠍᱜ⏕ߦ╵߃ࠄࠇߕ㧘ߘߩ✄ࠅࠍᣣᧄੱߩᄙߊ߇ᱜ⏕ߦᗐߢ߈ࠆන⺆ߢ ࠆߎߣ߇ᦸ߹ߒޕB ߣ V ߢᆎ߹ࠆන⺆߽ห᭽ߢࠆ㧚Quebec ߩ㗡ᢥሼ߽㧘ฬ ⸥ߩࡑࡠࠄ߆ޠࠢ࠶ࡌࠤޟሼ⸥ߩⷙೣࠍ߽ߣߦ K ࠍᗐߔࠆ߅ߘࠇ߽ࠆޕ ㄭᐕ㧘ዊਛቇᩞߢࠦࡦࡇࡘ࠲ࠍቇ⠌ߔࠆߎߣߪ৻⥸⊛ߢࠅ㧘ߘࠇߪ⋤ቇᩞ㧛․ ᡰេቇᩞߢ߽ห᭽ߢࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘ሶߤ߽ߦ߽ℂ⸃ߒ߿ߔࡈࠜࡀ࠹ࠖ࠶ࠢ⺒ߺ߇᳞ ࠄࠇࠆߩߘޕ႐ว㧘వ߶ߤᜰ៰ߒߚන⺆ߩ㚔ᨴߺߩᐲวߦߟߡߪ㧘ᣣᧄੱߩሶߤ߽ߦ ߣߞߡ㚔ᨴߺߩࠆන⺆ࠍ߁ߴ߈ߢࠆߣ⸒߃ࠆޕ －15－ ߘߎߢ㧘ᣣᧄੱߩሶߤ߽ࠍࠬࠢࡦ࠳↪⠪ߣᗐቯߒߡ㧘ᓐࠄߦߣߞߡߩ㚔ᨴ ߺߩᐲวߩⷰὐ߆ࠄ㧘ࡈࠜࡀ࠹ࠖ࠶ࠢ⺒ߺ↪ߩන⺆ࠍㆬቯߔࠆߎߣߣߒߚ߅ߥޕ㧘ᐔᚑ 19 ᐕ 5 ߩቇ⠌ᜰዉⷐ㗔ߢߪ⧷⺆ߩቇ⠌߇ਛቇ↢ߢᆎ߹ࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ[3]㧘ࠕ࡞ࡈࠔ ࡌ࠶࠻ߩࡈࠜࡀ࠹ࠖ࠶ࠢ⺒ߺߦߟߡߪਛቇ↢ࠍኻ⽎ߣߔࠆౕޕ⊛ߦߪ㧘NATO phonetic alphabet ࠍฬᦠ߈ߒߚ߽ߩߣ㧘ਛቇ↢ߦߣߞߡ㚔ᨴߺ߇ࠆߣᕁࠊࠇࠆ න⺆ߣࠍ㖸ჿߢ⡞߆ߖ㧘ߎࠇࠄߩන⺆ߩ㚔ᨴߺߩᐲว㧔એᓟ㧘ⷫኒᐲߣߔ㧕ࠍ⹏ቯߒ ߡ߽ࠄ߁ߣߣ߽ߦ㧘න⺆ߩ㗡ᢥሼࠍ╵߃ߡ߽ࠄ߁ߣ߁⺞ᩏࠍⴕ߁⺞ޕᩏ⚿ᨐ߆ࠄ㧘න ⺆ⷫኒᐲߣ㗡ᢥሼᱜ╵₸ߩਔᣇ߇㜞න⺆ࠍᣂߒࡈࠜࡀ࠹ࠖ࠶ࠢ⺒ߺߩߣߒߡ ឭ᩺ߔࠆߣߣ߽ߦ㧘න⺆ⷫኒᐲߣ㗡ᢥሼᱜ╵₸ߩ㑐ଥࠍ⠨ኤߔࠆޕ 1 NATO phonetic alphabet ࠕ࡞ࡈࠔࡌ࠶࠻ ࡈࠜࡀ࠹ࠖ࠶ࠢ⺒ߺ ࠕ࡞ࡈࠔࡌ࠶࠻ ࡈࠜࡀ࠹ࠖ࠶ࠢ⺒ߺ A Alfa N November B Bravo O Oscar C Charlie P Papa D Delta Q Quebec E Echo R Romeo F Foxtrot S Sierra G Golf T Tango H Hotel U Uniform I India V Victor J Juliet W Whiskey K Kilo X X-Ray L Lima Y Yankee M Mike Z Zulu －16－ 㧞㧚⺞ᩏ↪න⺆ߩㆬቯ 㧞㧚㧝 ㆬቯߩᣇ㊎ ⺞ᩏ↪න⺆ߪ㧘NATO phonetic alphabet ߩ 26 ⺆ߣ㧘ਛቇ↢ߦߣߞߡ㚔ᨴߺ߇ࠆߣᕁ ࠊࠇࠆන⺆ 104 ⺆ߩว⸘ 130 ⺆ߢࠆޕ NATO phonetic alphabet ࠍ⺞ᩏኻ⽎ߣߔࠆߩߪ㧘ߎࠇ߇ᣢሽߩࠬࠢࡦ࠳ 3 ⒳㘃 㧔PC-Talker㧘VDM100W㧘JAWS 6.2㧕ߢណ↪ߐࠇߡࠆߚߢࠆޕ න⺆ 104 ⺆ߪ㧘NATO phonetic alphabet ߣߪߩන⺆ࠍ㧘ࠕ࡞ࡈࠔࡌ࠶࠻ 1 ሼߦߟ ߈྾ߟߕߟㆬቯߔࠆߩߘޕㆬቯߦߚߞߡ߹ߕߪ㧘ߤߩࠃ߁ߥ⾗ᢱࠍ߃߫ሶߤ߽ߦߣ ߞߡⷫኒᐲ߇㜞න⺆ࠍㆬߴࠆ߆ࠍᬌ⸛ߒߚޕ ቇ⠌ၮᧄ⺆ᒵ㧔⚂ 4,000 ⺆㧕[4]ߪ㧘ዊቇ↢߇᭽ߥޘᵴേߦචಽߦ㚟ߢ߈ࠆߣߐ ࠇࠆන⺆ߢࠆߒ߆ߒޕ㧘ߎࠇߦ߹ࠇࠆ⧷⺆↱᧪ߩ ฬ⺆ߪ 28 ⺆ߣዋߥߊ㧘ߘࠇ ࠄߩ㗡ᢥሼߪࠕ࡞ࡈࠔࡌ࠶࠻ 26 ሼࠍࠞࡃߒߡߥ ޕฬ⺆߿ᄖ᧪⺆ߩㄉౖߪᄙ ᢙ ߐࠇߡࠆ߇㧔߃߫[5]㨪[7]㧕㧘ሶߤ߽ߩ⺆ᒵߩⷰὐ߆ࠄ✬㓸ߐࠇߚㄉౖߪ ߚࠄߕ㧘න⺆ߩㆬቯၮḰࠍࠄࠇߥޕ ߘߎߢ࿁ߪ⧷⺆ᢎ⑼ᦠߩ↪ࠍ⠨߃ߚޕਛቇ 1 ᐕߩ⧷⺆ᢎ⑼ᦠߦࠇࠆන⺆ߢࠇ ߫㧘ߘࠇࠄߩቇ⠌ࠍ⚳߃ߚሶߤ߽ߚߜߦߣߞߡ߅ߒߥߴߡⷫኒᐲ߇㜞ߊ㧘✄ࠅ߽ቇ⠌߇ ᷣࠎߢࠆߣ⠨߃㧘ߎߎ߆ࠄන⺆ࠍㆬ߱ߎߣߣߒߚޕ 㧞㧚㧞 ㆬቯߩᚻ㗅 (1) ਛቇ 1 ᐕ⧷⺆ᢎ⑼ᦠ 6 ౠߩᏎᧃߦࠆන⺆৻ⷩ߆ࠄන⺆ࠍᦠ߈ߒߚߚߒ↪ޕ ᢎ⑼ᦠ㧘 ␠㧘න⺆ᢙࠍ 2 ߦ␜ߔޕᄙߊߩන⺆ߪⶄᢙߩᢎ⑼ᦠߦㅢߒߡࠇࠆߩ ߢ㧘ߎࠇࠄࠍ 1 ⺆ߣߒߡ߹ߣࠆߣ㧘ว⸘ߢ 868 ⺆ߣߥߞߚޕ (2) ฬ⹖㧘േ⹖㧘ᒻኈ⹖߆ࠄㆬᛯߔࠆ߽ߩߣߔࠆߚߩߎޕ㧘ធ⛯⹖ 3 ⺆㧘ഥേ⹖ 7 ⺆㧘೨⟎⹖ 18 ⺆㧘⹖ 3 ⺆㧘ઍฬ⹖ 38 ⺆㧘㑆ᛩ⹖ 11 ⺆ࠍ㒰ߒߚޕ (3) ฬ⹖ߩ߁ߜੱฬ 14 ⺆ࠍߔߴߡ㒰ߒߚޕ (4) ฬ⹖ߩ߁ߜᢙ⹖ 44 ⺆ࠍߔߴߡ㒰ߒߚޕ (5) ฬ⹖ߩ߁ߜⶄᢙᒻߩ߽ߩ 13 ⺆ࠍߔߴߡ㒰ߒߚޕ (6) േ⹖ߩᵴ↪ᒻ㧔3 ੱ⒓නᢙᒻ㧘ㆊᒻ㧕19 ⺆ࠍߔߴߡ㒰ߒߚޕ (7) 㗡ᢥሼ߇㤩ሼߢࠆ 3 ⺆㧔know, write, wrong㧕ࠍߔߴߡ㒰ߒߚޕ (8) (2)㨪(7)ߩ㒰ᓟߦᱷߞߚන⺆⟲ 695 ⺆ߩਛ߆ࠄ㧘⊒㖸ࠍࠞ࠲ࠞ࠽⸥ߔࠆߣ 3 －17－ 㨪5 ᢥሼߣߥࠆන⺆ࠍㆬ߱ߣ 557 ⺆ߣߥߞߚߩ⸥࠽ࠞ࠲ࠞޕ㓙㧘V ߩ⊒㖸ߪࡧߢߪߥ ߊࡃⴕߢߒߚߚ߹ޕ㧘ᜓ㖸ߪ⸘ᢙߒߥ߆ߞߚޕ (9) (8)ߩਛ߆ࠄ㧘ฬ⹖ࠍਛᔃߦ㧘 ฬ⸥߇หߓߣߥࠆ⺆ߩኻ㧔㧦sing ߣ thing㧕 ࠍ㒰ߡ㧘ⷫኒᐲ߇㜞ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇߚන⺆ࠍ㧘ࠕ࡞ࡈࠔࡌ࠶࠻ 1 ሼߦߟ߈ 4 ⺆ߕߟㆬᛯ ߒߚߒߛߚޕ㧘5 ሼ㧔J, Q, X, Y, Z㧕ߢᆎ߹ࠆਛቇ 1 ᐕන⺆ߦ(2)㨪(8)ߩ᧦ઙࠍㆡ↪ߔࠆߣ 4 ⺆ᧂḩߣߥߞߚߚ㧘ㆬቯ᧦ઙߩ৻ㇱࠍਇㆡ↪ߣߒߚࠅ㧘߹ߚߪઁߩන⺆⟲߆ࠄల ߒߚࠅߒߚ㧔ߥ߅㧘J ߣ Y ߢᆎ߹ࠆන⺆ߪਇ⿷ߒߡߥߎߣ߇㧘ᓟߦ್ߒߚ㧕ޕ (10) J㧘Q㧘Y ߢᆎ߹ࠆන⺆ࠍߘࠇߙࠇ 1 ⺆㧘2 ⺆㧘1 ⺆ߕߟ㧘ਛቇ 2 ᐕ3 ᐕߩᢎ⑼ ᦠߦೋߔࠆන⺆߆ࠄขࠅࠇߚߪࠄࠇߘޕ㧘jump㧔2 ᐕೋ㧕㧘quick㧘quality㧔ߕ ࠇ߽ 3 ᐕೋ㧕㧘young㧔2 ᐕೋ㧕ߢࠆޕ (11) Z ߢᆎ߹ࠆਛቇ 1 ᐕන⺆ߪ 3 ⺆ߣዋߥߚ㧘(2)㨪(8)ߩ᧦ઙߦ߆߆ࠊࠄߕ㧘ߎ ߩ 3 ⺆ࠍ↪ߚޕZ ߢᆎ߹ࠆන⺆ߪਛቇ 2 ᐕᢎ⑼ᦠߢߪೋߥߒߛߞߚޕ3 ᐕᢎ⑼ᦠೋ ߩ zero-g ߪ㧘1 ᐕೋߩ zero ࠍⶄว⺆ߩߚ↪ߥ߆ߞߚ⧷ߢߎߘޕਛㄉౖ[8] ߦߚࠅ㧘ߘߎߢၮᧄ⺆ߣߐࠇࠆ⚂ 5,000 ⺆ߩ߁ߜ Z ߢᆎ߹ࠆන⺆ 5 ⺆ߩਛ߆ࠄ 1 ⺆ 㧔zone㧕ࠍㆬࠎߛޕ (12) X ߢᆎ߹ࠆන⺆ߪ㧘6 ⒳㘃ߩ⧷⺆ᢎ⑼ᦠਛቇ 1㨪3 ᐕߩਛߦߟ߆ࠄߥ߆ߞߚޕ ᦝߦ⧷ਛㄉౖߢၮᧄ⺆ߣߐࠇࠆන⺆߽ߥ߆ߞߚߢߎߘޕᰴߩ 4 ⺆ࠍ㧘ᒐౝߦ␜ߔℂ ↱߆ࠄߣߒߚ㧦Xavier㧔ࠩࡆࠛ࡞㧦ዊቇ 6 ᐕ␠ળߢቇ⠌ߔࠆੱฬ㧕㧘XEROX㧔ࡠ ࠶ࠢࠬ㧦95Reader ߩࡈࠜࡀ࠹ࠖ࠶ࠢ⺒ߺ㧕㧘 X ✢㧔NATO phonetic alphabet ߩ X-Ray ߩ ᣣᧄ⺆⸶㧕㧘X ᨴ⦡㧔ᨴ⦡㧦ਛቇℂ⑼ 2 ಽ㊁ߢቇ⠌ߔࠆ↪⺆㧕 ޕ 2 ਛቇ 1 ᐕ⧷⺆ᢎ⑼ᦠන⺆ ᢎ⑼ᦠ ␠ ⺆ᢙ శ࿑ᦠ 365 ਃ⋭ၴ 411 New Horizon English Course ᧲੩ᦠ☋ 407 One World English Course ᢎ⢒ 412 㐿㓉ၴ 445 ቇᩞ࿑ᦠ 406 Columbus 21 New Crown English Series New Edition Sunshine English Course Total English New Edition 1 －18－ 㧟㧚⧷න⺆ߩ㗡ᢥሼ╩⸥߮ⷫኒᐲ⹏ቯ⺞ᩏ 㧟㧚㧝 㖸ჿೝỗߩᚑ 㧞㧚ߩᚻ㗅ߦࠃࠅ㧘NATO phonetic alphabet 26 ⺆ߣන⺆ 104 ⺆ࠍวࠊߖߚว⸘ 130 ⺆߇⺞ᩏ↪න⺆ߣߥߞߚ ࠻࠶ࡌࠔࡈ࡞ࠕޕ1 ሼߦߟ߈ 5 ⺆ߩන⺆߇ഀࠅᒰߡࠄࠇߚߎߣ ߦߥࠆޕන⺆ 104 ⺆ߩ৻ⷩࠍ 3 ߦ␜ߒߚޕ ⧷න⺆ࠍ㖸ჿឭ␜ߔࠆ႐ว㧘⧷⺆ࠍᲣ⺆ߣߔࠆੱߦࠃࠆ⊒㖸ߣ㧘ᣣᧄ⺆ࠍᲣ⺆ߣߔࠆ ੱߦࠃࠆᣣᧄ⺆ߣߒߡߩ⊒㖸ߣ߁ 2 ⒳㘃ߩᒻᘒ߇ࠆޕᣢሽߩࠬࠢࡦ࠳ߢߪ㧘 ฬ⸥ߒߚන⺆ࠍᣣᧄ⺆ߩ㖸ჿวᚑࠛࡦࠫࡦߢ⊒ჿߐߖߡࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘⺞ᩏߢ߽ ߎࠇߦḰߓߚߜࠊߥߔޕ㧘න⺆ߩ⊒㖸ࠍ ฬ⸥ߒߚ߽ߩࠍ㧘ᣣᧄ⺆ࠍᲣ⺆ߣߔ ࠆ↵ᕈࠕ࠽࠙ࡦࠨߦᣣᧄ⺆ߩ⊒㖸ߣࠕࠢࡦ࠻ߢ⺒ߺߍߡ߽ࠄߞߚߚߩߎޕ㧘ሶ 㖸ߢࠇ߫/v/ߪ/b/ߣߖߕࡃⴕߢ⊒㖸ߒ㧘Უ㖸ߢࠇ߫/3/㧘/¡/ߥߤࠍߖߕߦᣣ ᧄ⺆ߩࠕᲑߣߒߡ⊒㖸ߒߡ߽ࠄߞߚޕ ⺞ᩏ↪න⺆ 130 ⺆ߪ㧘Microsoft Excel ߩ RANDOM 㑐ᢙࠍ↪ߡࡦ࠳ࡓߥ㗅ᐨߦਗ ߴᦧ߃ߚޕ ⺞ᩏ↪න⺆ߣߣ߽ߦ㗴⇟ภ߽หߓࠕ࠽࠙ࡦࠨߦ⺒ߺߍߡ߽ࠄߞߚޕ࿁╵ᤨ㑆ߪ㧘 ࠆන⺆ߩ⺒ߺߍᓟ㧘ᰴߩ㗴⇟ภ߇⺒ߺߍࠄࠇࠆ߹ߢߩᤨ㑆ߣߒ㧘ߎࠇࠍ 3.5 ⑽ ߦ⸳ቯߒߚ⺞ޕᩏߩ⿰ᣦߣ࿁╵ᚻ㗅ߩ⺑߽㧘หߓࠕ࠽࠙ࡦࠨߩჿߢ㍳ߒ㧘㗴ߣ ߣ߽ߦ CD-R ߦ㍳㖸ߒߚޕ130 ߩ㗴ࠍ೨ඨߣᓟඨߘࠇߙࠇ 65 ߕߟߦಽߌߡᚑߒ ߚ⺞ޕᩏߩ⿰ᣦ߆ࠄᓟඨߩ㗴߇⚳ੌߔࠆ߹ߢ߅ࠃߘ 21 ಽߣߥߞߚޕ 㧟㧚㧞 ⺞ᩏෳട⠪ ችၔᢎ⢒ᄢቇ㒝ዻਛቇᩞߩ 2 ᐕ↢ 2 ࠢࠬ 75 ੱߩ↢ᓤߦ⺞ᩏߦෳടߒߡ߽ࠄߞߚޕ ↵ᅚߩౝ⸶ߪ㧘↵ሶ 37 ੱ㧘ᅚሶ 38 ੱߢࠆޕ2 ᐕ↢ߣߒߚߩߪ㧘1 ᐕߩቇ⠌ࠍ⚳߃ߚ ቇᐕߛ߆ࠄߢࠆޕ 㧟㧚㧟 ⺞ᩏߩᚻ㗅ߣ࿁╵ᣇᴺ ⺞ᩏߪ㧘2007 ᐕ 10 ਛᣨߦ㧘หਛቇᩞߩੑߟߩᢎቶߢታᣉߒߚޕ ⺞ᩏᤨߦߪ㧘CD-R ࠍ CD ࠫࠝࠞ࠶࠻ࠦ࠳ߢౣ↢ߒߚ⺞ߕ߹ޕᩏߩ⿰ᣦࠍ⡞ ߡ߽ࠄߥ߇ࠄ㧘ᢎቶᓟᣇᐳᏨߩ↢ᓤߦ߽චಽ⡞ߎ߃ࠆࠃ߁ߦ㖸㊂ࠍ⺞▵ߒߚ⿰ޕᣦ ߩᰴߦ࿁╵ᣇᴺߩ⺑ࠍౣ↢ߒ㧘ߘߩᓟߦ㗴ߩ⺒ߺߍࠍౣ↢ߒߚޕ ↢ᓤߦߪ㧘⺒ߺߍࠄࠇߚߣᕁࠊࠇࠆ⧷න⺆ߩ㗡ᢥሼ 1 ሼߣ㧘ߘߩන⺆ߩⷫኒᐲߩ⹏ ቯࠍ࿁╵ᤨ㑆ౝߦ⸥ߒߡ߽ࠄߞߚ⧷ޕන⺆ߢߪߥ⺆㧔ޟX ✢ޠ ޟX ᨴ⦡ ߩޠ2 ⺆㧕 －19－ ߇ೝỗߦ߹ࠇࠆߎߣ߽↢ᓤߦવ߃ߚޕ 㗡ᢥሼߩ࿁╵ߪᄢᢥሼߢᦠߊࠃ߁ߦવ߃ߚޕ ⷫኒᐲߩ⹏ቯߢߪ㧘ࠃߊ⍮ߞߡࠆ㧘ߛߚಽ߆ࠆ㧘⍮ࠄߥ㧘ߣ߁ਃߟߩㆬᛯ ⢇߆ࠄ৻ߟࠍㆬࠎߢ߽ࠄߞߚޕฦㆬᛯ⢇ߩ⋡ߪᰴߩࠃ߁ߦ⺑ߒߚߊࠃޟޕ⍮ߞߡ ࠆߪޠ㧘⍮ߞߡࠆߣ⥄ାࠍᜬߞߡ⸒߃ࠆන⺆㧘ߚߛޟಽ߆ࠆߪޠ㧘⡞ߚߎߣߪ ࠆߌߤ㧘ࠃߊ⍮ߞߡࠆߣߪ⥄ାࠍᜬߞߡ⸒߃ߥන⺆㧘ޟ⍮ࠄߥߪޠ㧘⡞ߚߎ ߣ߽ߥන⺆㧘ߣߔࠆޕ ࿁╵ᰣ߇ᰴߩᲑ⪭ߦ⒖ࠆߣ߈߿㧘࿁╵↪⚕߇ᰴߩࡍࠫߦ⒖ࠆߣ߈㧘ߘߒߡ⺞ᩏߩ೨ ඨ⚳ੌᓟߦߪ CD-R ߩౣ↢ࠍ৻ᤨᱛߒߡભᙑᤨ㑆ࠍ⸳ߌߚޕ 3න⺆ 104 ⺆ߩ৻ⷩ ࠕ ࡞ ࡈ ࠔ ᣣᧄੱ↢ᓤ↪ࡈࠜࡀ࠹ࠖ࠶ࠢ ࠕ ࡞ ࡈ ࠔ ᣣᧄੱ↢ᓤ↪ࡈࠜࡀ࠹ࠖ࠶ࠢ ࡌ࠶࠻ ⺒ߺන⺆ ࡌ࠶࠻ ⺒ߺන⺆ A America, apple, animal, answer N name, news, number, nature B boy, ball, book, box O open, orange, old, over C computer, Canada, cat, class P park, pencil, piano, picture D desk, dinner, dog, dance Q question, quiz, quality, quick E egg, English, enjoy, energy R room, report, real, restaurant F family, father, fish, friend S school, sports, stop, summer G game, girl, good, guitar T teacher, tennis, time, table H hot, hand, happy, house U uniform, usually, umbrella, use I ice, idea, ink, Internet V violin, volleyball, video, volunteer J Japan, junior, jump, July W week, winter, window, water K kitchen, king, kick, koala X X ✢, X ᨴ⦡, Xavier, Xerox L love, long, lesson, lunch Y yellow, yesterday, young, year M mother, music, milk, morning Z zoo, zero, zebra, zone －20－ 㧠㧚⺞ᩏ⚿ᨐߣ⠨ኤ NATO phonetic alphabet ߩන⺆ߢࠆޟuniform ߡߞ⺋߇ޠ2 ᐲ㗴ߐࠇߡߚߎߣ߇ ⺞ᩏ⚳ੌᓟߦ್ߒߚ ޕฬ⸥߇ߥ⇣ߦ߁ࠃߩޠࡓࠜࡈ࠾࡙ޟߣޠࡓࡎ࠾࡙ޟ ߞߡߚߚ㧘೨ߦᬌߢ߈ߥ߆ߞߚޕਔ⠪ߪ㗡ᢥሼߩᱜ╵₸ߪㄭ୯ߛ߇㧔࡙࠾ࡎ ࡓ㧦84.0% vs. ࡙࠾ࡈࠜࡓ㧦85.3%㧕㧘න⺆ⷫኒᐲߪ⚂ 10%⇣ߥߞߚߚ㧔ห 66.7% vs. 78.7%㧕㧘ᱜ╵₸ⷫኒᐲߣ߽㜞߆ߞߚࠍޠࡓࠜࡈ࠾࡙ޟᱷߒ㧘 ࠺ߩޠࡓࡎ࠾࡙ޟ ࠲ߪࠊߥߎߣߦߒߚߚߩߎޕ㧘න⺆ߪ 1 ⺆ᷫߞߡ 103 ⺆ߣߥߞߚޕ 㧠㧚㧝 㗡ᢥሼᱜ╵₸ 㗡ᢥሼᱜ╵₸ߩಽᏓࠍ NATO phonetic alphabet ߣන⺆ߦಽߌߡ⸥ߒߚߩ߇࿑ 1 ߩ (a)ߣ(b)ߢࠆޕ NATO phonetic alphabet ߩන⺆ 26 ⺆ߩ߁ߜ 16 ⺆㧔61.5%㧕߇ᱜ╵₸ 80% 100%એਅ ߦ㓸ਛߒߚࠇߎޕએᄖߩන⺆ 10 ⺆ߩᱜ╵₸ߪ 1.3%㧔ᱜ╵⠪ 1 ੱ㧕߆ࠄ 80.0%߹ߢᐢ ▸࿐ߦᢔࠄ߫ߞߚޕᱜ╵⠪߇ඨᢙએਅ㧔ᱜ╵₸ 50%એਅ㧕ߩන⺆߇ 6 ⺆㧔26 ⺆ߩ 23.1%㧕 ߞߚޕਛᄩ୯ࠍ᳞ࠆߣ 84.0%ߣߥߞߚޕ න⺆ 103 ⺆ߩ߁ߜ 84 ⺆㧔81.6%㧕ߣᄢㇱಽ߇ᱜ╵₸ 80% 100%એਅߣߥߞߚޕ 10 80 8 60 6 40 4 20 2 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 [%] 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 [%] (a) NATO phonetic alphabet 26 ⺆ ࿑ 1 㗡ᢥሼᱜ╵₸ߩಽᏓ 8 80 6 60 4 40 2 20 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 [%] 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 [%] (a) NATO phonetic alphabet 26 ⺆ ࿑ 2 න⺆ⷫኒᐲߩಽᏓ －21－ (b) න⺆ 103 ⺆ (b) න⺆ 103 ⺆ ᱜ╵₸ 80%ᧂḩߩන⺆ 19 ⺆ߩ߁ߜ 16 ⺆߹ߢ߇ᱜ╵₸ 50%ࠍ߃ߡ߅ࠅ㧘ᱜ╵⠪߇ඨᢙ એਅߩන⺆ߪ 3 ⺆ߩߺߦߣߤ߹ߞߚޕਛᄩ୯ߪ 96.0%ߢࠅ㧘NATO phonetic alphabet ࠃࠅ 16.0%㜞ߊ㧘߹ߚ 100%ߦㄭ୯ߢࠆޕ 㧠㧚㧞 න⺆ⷫኒᐲ ฦන⺆ࠍߊࠃޟ⍮ߞߡࠆߚ߃╵ߣޠ⠪ߩഀวࠍᧄⓂߢߪන⺆ߩⷫኒᐲߣߔࠆޕන⺆ ⷫኒᐲߩಽᏓࠍ NATO phonetic alphabet ߣන⺆ߦಽߌߡ⸥ߒߚߩ߇࿑ 2 ߩ(a)ߣ(b)ߢ ࠆޕ NATO phonetic alphabet ߩන⺆ⷫኒᐲߪ 5.3%߆ࠄ 96.0%ߩᐢ▸࿐ߦᢔࠄ߫ߞߚⷫޕ ኒᐲ 50%ߢಾࠆߣ㧘50%એਅߩන⺆߇ 15 ⺆㧘50%એߩන⺆߇ 11 ⺆ߢ㧘ⷫኒᐲ߇ૐ න⺆ߩᣇ߇ᄙޕਛᄩ୯ߪ 38.0%ߣૐޕ න⺆ߢߪ㧘න⺆ⷫኒᐲ 90% 100%એਅߩ▸࿐ߦ 64 ⺆㧔103 ⺆ߩ 62.1%㧕߇㓸ਛ ߒߚⷫޕኒᐲ߇ 80%ࠍ߃ࠆන⺆ᢙߪ 83 ⺆㧔ห 80.6%㧕ߦࠆⷫޕኒᐲ 80%એਅߩන ⺆ 20 ⺆ߩ߁ߜ 14 ⺆߹ߢ߇ⷫኒᐲ 50%ࠍ߃ߡ߅ࠅ㧘ⷫኒᐲ 50%એਅߩන⺆ߪ 6 ⺆ߩߺ ߦߣߤ߹ߞߚޕਛᄩ୯ߪ 93.3%ߣ㜞ޕ 㧠㧚㧟 න⺆ⷫኒᐲߣ㗡ᢥሼᱜ╵₸ߩ㑐ଥ ⷫኒᐲ߇㜞න⺆߶ߤ㗡ᢥሼߩᱜ╵₸߽㜞ߣ੍᷹ߐࠇࠆ੍ߩߎޕ᷹ࠍᬌ⸽ߔࠆߚ㧘 ਔ⠪ߩ㑐ଥࠍᢔᏓ࿑ߦߒߚ㧔࿑ 3㧕 ޕฦࡊࡠ࠶࠻ߪ৻ߟߩන⺆ࠍ␜ߔోޕೝỗන⺆ 129 ⺆ࠍࡊࡠ࠶࠻ߒߚޕ࿑ 3 ߢߪ㧘Ꮐਅ߆ࠄฝߦะ߆ߞߡࡊࡠ࠶࠻߇ਗࠎߛޕන⺆ⷫኒᐲ ߣ㗡ᢥሼᱜ╵₸ߩ㑆ߢ⋧㑐ଥᢙࠍ᳞ࠆߣ㧘ᗧߥᲧセ⊛ᒝᱜߩ⋧㑐 㧔r=0.694㧕߇ 0 20 40 60 [%] 80 100 ࠄࠇߚ㧔t=10.8, df=127, p<0.01㧕 ߩ߈ߣߩߎޕ࿁Ꮻ⋥✢ߩᑼߪ y=0.564x+42.1 ߣߥߞߚޕ 0 20 40 60 80 [%] 100 ࿑ 3 න⺆ⷫኒᐲߣ㗡ᢥሼᱜ╵₸ߩ㑐ଥ㧔ᢔᏓ࿑㧕 －22－ ⷫኒᐲߩᓇ㗀ࠍ㜞㧛ૐᱜ╵₸ߩഀว߆ࠄಽᨆߔࠆޕ㗡ᢥሼߩᱜ╵₸ 80%ࠍಾࠅߣߒ ߡ㧘ߘࠇࠃࠅᱜ╵₸߇㜞⟲ߣૐ⟲㧔80%એਅ㧕ߦಽߌࠆⷫޕኒᐲߦߟߡ߽ 80%ࠍ ಾࠅߣߒߡ㧘ߘࠇࠃࠅࠍ㜞⟲㧘ߘࠇએਅࠍૐ⟲ߣߔࠆޕ㜞ⷫኒᐲ⟲ߣૐⷫኒᐲ ⟲ߩ㑆ߢ㧘㜞ᱜ╵₸ߣૐᱜ╵₸ߩන⺆ߩഀวࠍߚߩ߇࿑ 4 ߢࠆޕ㜞ⷫኒᐲ⟲㧔n=88㧕 ߪߘߩ߶ߣࠎߤߢࠆ 94.3%߇㜞ᱜ╵₸ߣߥߞߚߩߦኻߒ㧘ૐⷫኒᐲ⟲㧔n=41㧕ߢ㜞ᱜ ╵₸ߣߥߞߚߩߪඨಽએਅߩ 41.5%ߣߥߞߚߦ߁ࠃߩߎޕ㜞ⷫኒᐲන⺆߇㜞ᱜ╵₸ߦߟ ߥ߇ߞߚߎߣ߇࿑ 4 ߆ࠄኈᤃߦ⺒ߺขࠇࠆޕ n=88 n=41 0 20 40 60 [%] 80 100 ࿑ 4 න⺆ⷫኒᐲߣ㗡ᢥሼᱜ╵₸ߩ㑐ଥ㧔Ꮺࠣࡈ㧕 㧠㧚㧠 ਛቇቇ⠌න⺆ߩන⺆ⷫኒᐲߣṽሼᱜ╵₸ ਛቇቇ⠌න⺆ߢࠇ߫න⺆ߩⷫኒᐲ߇㜞ߊ㧘ᓥߞߡ㜞㗡ᢥሼᱜ╵₸߇ᓧࠄࠇࠆߣ⠨ ߃㧘ߣߒߚ੍ߩߎޕ᷹߽ᬌ⸽ߔࠆޕNATO phonetic alphabet ߩਛߦ߽ਛቇቇ⠌න⺆߇ ߹ࠇࠆ㧔India, November, Mike, uniform ߶߆㧕 ޕㅒߦ㧘න⺆ߦ߽ਛቇቇ⠌න⺆ߢߥ ߽ߩ߇߹ࠇࠆ㧔㧞㧚 ߢ⸥ㅀ㧕 ߢߎߘޕ㧘ోೝỗන⺆ࠍਛቇቇ⠌න⺆ߢࠆ߆ߤ߁߆ߢ ಽߌߡ㧘ⷫኒᐲߣᱜ╵₸ߩ㜞ૐߩഀวࠍᲧセߒߚޕ ਛቇቇ⠌න⺆⟲㧔n=106㧕ߢߪ㜞ⷫኒᐲන⺆ߩഀว߇ 82.1%ࠍභࠆߩߦኻߒߡ㧘㕖 ਛቇቇ⠌න⺆⟲㧔n=23㧕ߢߪ㜞ⷫኒᐲන⺆ߩഀว߇ 4.3%ߦߣߤ߹ࠆ㧔࿑ 5㧕ࠄ߆ߎߎޕ㧘 ਛቇቇ⠌න⺆ߢࠇ߫ⷫኒᐲ߇㜞න⺆߇ᄢㇱಽߣߥࠆߎߣ߇␜ߐࠇߚޕ 㗡ᢥሼᱜ╵₸ߦߟߡࠆߣ㧘ਛቇቇ⠌න⺆⟲ߢߪ㜞ᱜ╵₸න⺆ߩഀว߇ 84.0%ࠍභ ࠆߩߦኻߒߡ㧘㕖ਛቇቇ⠌න⺆⟲ߢߪ⚂ඨಽߩ 47.8%ߣߥߞߚ㧔࿑ 6㧕 ࠄ߆ߎߎޕ㧘ਛ ቇቇ⠌න⺆ߢࠇ߫㗡ᢥሼᱜ╵₸߇㜞න⺆߇ᄢㇱಽߣߥࠆߎߣ߽␜ߐࠇߚޕ n=106 n=106 n=23 0 20 40 60 80 [%] 100 ࿑ 5 ਛቇቇ⠌න⺆ߩන⺆ⷫኒᐲ n=23 0 20 40 60 [%] 80 ࿑ 6 ਛቇቇ⠌න⺆ߩ㗡ᢥሼᱜ╵₸ －23－ 100 㧠㧚㧡 ૐᱜ╵₸න⺆ߩ⺋╵ߩಽᨆ ᱜ╵₸߇ 80%એਅߢߞߚන⺆ߩ⺋╵ߩะ߆ࠄ㧘ૐᱜ╵₸ߩⷐ࿃ࠍ⠨߃ࠆ ޕ4 ߦ ߪ㧘4 ઙએࠍᢙ߃ߚ⺋╵ߣ㧘ߘߎ߆ࠄ㘃ផߐࠇࠆ⺋╵ߩⷐ࿃ࠍ⸥ߒߚޕή࿁╵ߪ⸥ ߒߥ߆ߞߚ ޕ4 ࠃࠅ㧘⺋╵ߩะߪએਅߩ 5 ⒳㘃ߦಽߌࠄࠇࠆޕ (1) ⊒㖸ߐࠇߚฬࠍࡠࡑሼ⸥ߒߚߣ߈ߩ㗡ᢥሼࠍ╵߃ߚ߽ߩޕሶ㖸ߢߪ㧘ࡃⴕ ࠍ B ߣߒߚ߽ߩ 4 ઙ㧔ᱜ╵ߪ V㧕 㧘ࠞⴕࠍ K ߣߒߚ߽ߩ 4 ઙ㧔ᱜ╵ߪ Q, Cޠࠢޟߒߛߚޕ ߪ C ߣߒߚ࿁╵߇ᄙ㧕 㧘ࠩⴕࠍ Z ߣߒߚ߽ߩ 2 ઙ㧔ᱜ╵ߪ X㧕߇ߞߚޕᲣ㖸ߢߪޠࠕޟ ࠍ A ߣߒߚ߽ߩ 2 ઙ㧔ᱜ╵ߪ I㧕 㧘 ࠍޠ࠙ޟU ߣߒߚ߽ߩ 1 ઙ㧔ᱜ╵ߪ W㧕߇ߞߚޕ (2) L ߣ R ߩᷙห߇ 5 ઙࡑࡠޕሼ⸥ߒߚߣ߈ߩ㗡ᢥሼ߳ߩ⺋ࠅߣ߽ߥߖࠆ߇㧘 (1)ߩ⺋╵ߣ㆑ߞߡ㧘L ߣ R ߪਔᣇะ߳ߩ㑆㆑߇ࠄࠇߚߚ㧘㗄⋡ߣߒߚޕ (3) ฬߩ 1 ᢥሼ⋡ߦ⊒㖸߇ㄭࠕ࡞ࡈࠔࡌ࠶࠻ߢ╵߃ߚ߽ߩ㧦 ࠍޠࠗޟE ߣߒߚ߽ ߩ 3 ઙ㧔ᱜ╵ߪ I, Y㧕㧘 ࠍޠࠪޟC ߣߒߚ߽ߩ 1 ઙ㧔ᱜ╵ߪ S㧕 ޕ ࠍޠࠖࡈޟޠࠜࡈޟP (4) ⡞߈㑆㆑߃ߣᕁࠊࠇࠆ߽ߩ 4 ઙ㧦ⴕࠍ D ߣߒߚ߽ߩ 2 ઙ㧘 ߹ߚߪ T ߣߒߚ߽ߩฦ 1 ઙޕ (5) ߢޠࠬࠢ)࠶(ࠛޟᆎ߹ࠆߩߢ E ߣ╵߃ߚ߽ߩ 3 ઙ㧔ᱜ╵ߪ X㧕(ޕ1)ߣหߓ⺋ࠅߛ߇㧘 ߎࠇࠄߪ X ߢᆎ߹ࠆᣣᧄ⺆ߩන⺆ߥߩߢߦߊߊߞߚޕ (1)㨪(3)ߩ⺋ࠅࠍ࿁ㆱߔࠆᣇᴺߪ㧘ᄙߊߩੱ߇✄ࠅࠍᱜ⏕ߦ⸥ᙘߒߡࠆන⺆ߩ↪ ߔࠆߎߣߢࠆޕ࿁ߩ⺞ᩏ⚿ᨐߩਛߢޠࡉޟ ޠࡓ࡞ޟ ߪߤߥޠࠝ࠺ࡆޟ㧘ᣣᧄ⺆ߩ ⊒㖸ߣࠕࠢࡦ࠻ߢឭ␜ߐࠇߚߦ߽߆߆ࠊࠄߕߘࠇߙࠇ 94.7%㧘93.3%㧘85.3%ߣ㜞㗡 ᢥሼᱜ╵₸ߣߥߞߚߺ⺒ࠢ࠶ࠖ࠹ࡀࠜࡈޕන⺆ߣߒߡߎࠇࠄࠍ↪ߔࠆߩ߇ࠃߛࠈ߁ޕ ⡞߈㑆㆑߃ߣផኤߐࠇࠆ 4 ઙߩ߁ߜ 3 ઙߪⷫኒᐲ߇ૐ⺆ߢߞߚ㧔࠻ࠬࠢ࠶ࠜࡈޟ ࡠ࠶࠻ޠ8.0%㧘ޠࠝࡒࡠޟ37.3%㧘ޠ࡞ࠕޟ40.0%㧕 ߩઁޕ1 ઙߪ㧘ⷫኒᐲߩ㜞ߥන ⺆̌tissue̍߳ߩ⡞߈㑆㆑߃߇ផ᷹ߐࠇࠆߥ߁ࠃߩߘޕ⡞߈㑆㆑߃ߩ࿁ㆱ╷߽ߣหߓ ߢࠆޕ X ࠍࠩⴕߢ⊒㖸ߔࠆන⺆ 2 ⺆ߪߕࠇ߽ᱜ╵₸߇ 0%ߢߞߚ㧔 4㧕 ߦࠇߎޕኻߒߡ ޟX ✢ߩޠᱜ╵₸ߪ 77.3%㧘 ޟX ᨴ⦡ߩޠᱜ╵₸ߪ 74.7%ߢߞߚߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘ઁߩන⺆ ߣߪⷙೣ߇⇣ߥࠆ߇㧘㗡ᢥሼߩ X ࠍ⊒ߣޠࠬࠢ࠶ࠛޟ㖸ߔࠆᣣᧄ⺆ߩන⺆ࠍ↪ߚᣇ߇ ࠃߣ⸒߃ࠆޕ ⷫኒᐲ߇㜞߽ߩߩ㧔80%㧕ᱜ╵₸߇ૐ߆ߞߚන⺆ߪ 5 ⺆ߞߚ㧦volleyball, fish, ice, idea, Internetⷐߩߘޕ࿃ߪᣢߦㅀߴߚߣ߅ࠅߢࠆޕ －24－ 㧠㧚㧢 ૐⷫኒᐲ㜞ᱜ╵₸ߩⷐ࿃ ૐᱜ╵₸ߩⷐ࿃(1)㨪(3)ࠍㅒߦࠇ߫㧘න⺆ⷫኒᐲ߇ૐߊߡ߽ᱜ╵₸߇㜞න⺆߇ ߞߚℂ↱ࠍ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆޕ ⷫኒᐲ߇ 80%એਅߛ߇ᱜ╵₸߇ 80%ࠍ߃ߚන⺆ 17 ⺆ࠍ⸥ߔࠆ㧦alpha, bravo, Charlie, delta, echo, energy, Juliet, kick, kilo, king, nature, Oscar, tango, uniform, yankee, zebra, zone ߜ߁ߩࠄࠇߎޕuniform ࠍ㒰ߚ 16 ⺆ߪ⸠ᑼ߽ߒߊߪࡋࡏࡦᑼ㧔Charlie ߣ Juliet㧕 ߢࡠࡑሼ⸥ߒߚ✄ࠅߩ㗡ᢥሼ߇⧷න⺆ߩ㗡ᢥሼߣ৻⥌ߒߡࠆߥ߁ࠃߩߎޕන⺆ߢ ࠇ߫㧘ⷫኒᐲ߇ૐߊߡ߽㗡ᢥሼߪᱜ╵ߢ߈ࠆߩߢࠆޕ 㧠㧚㧣 න⺆ ⺞ᩏ⚿ᨐࠍ߽ߣߦ㧘ᣣᧄੱ↢ᓤ↪ࠕ࡞ࡈࠔࡌ࠶࠻ߩࡈࠜࡀ࠹ࠖ࠶ࠢ⺒ߺߦㆡߒߚන⺆ ࠍ 5 ߦ߹ߣߚߪࠄࠇߎޕ㧘න⺆ⷫኒᐲߣ㗡ᢥሼᱜ╵₸ߩਔᣇ߇ 80%ࠍ߃ߚන⺆ߢ ࠆޕX ߦߟߡߪ㧘ߎߩ᧦ઙߦᒰߡߪ߹ࠆන⺆ߪߥߚ㧘ᱜ╵₸߇㜞ᣇ߆ࠄ 2 ⺆ ࠍߍߚޕ1 ᢥሼߦߟ߈ⶄᢙࠆ႐วߪߤࠇࠍㆬࠎߢ߽ࠃߛࠈ߁ޕ 㧡㧚߹ߣ ᣢሽߩ NATO phonetic alphabet ߣਛቇቇ⠌න⺆╬߆ࠄㆬࠎߛන⺆ࠍਛቇ↢ߦ⡞߆ ߖ㧘න⺆ⷫኒᐲߩ⹏ቯߣ㗡ᢥሼߩ⸥ࠍ߅ߎߥࠊߖߚ⚿ߩߘޕᨐ㧘න⺆ߩᄢㇱಽߪ ⷫኒᐲ߇㜞ߊ㧘ᱜ╵₸߇㜞߆ߞߚઁޕᣇߢ㧘NATO phonetic alphabet ߩන⺆ߩᄢㇱಽߪⷫ ኒᐲ߇ૐߊ㧘㗡ᢥሼᱜ╵₸߇㜞⺆߽ඨಽ⒟ᐲߦߣߤ߹ߞߚ⺞ޕᩏ⚿ᨐ߆ࠄ㧘න⺆ⷫኒ ᐲߣᱜ╵₸ߩ㑆ߦᲧセ⊛ᒝᱜߩ⋧㑐ࠍߒߚߚ߹ޕ㧘ฬᢥሼߩࡠࡑሼ⸥ߣ⧷ න⺆ߩ✄ࠅߩ৻⥌ᕈ߽ᱜ╵₸ߦᓇ㗀ࠍਈ߃ࠆ৻࿃ߢࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ߞߚޕએࠍ〯߹߃㧘 න⺆ⷫኒᐲߣ㗡ᢥሼᱜ╵₸ߩਔᣇ߇㜞න⺆ࠍ㧘ᣣᧄੱ↢ᓤ↪ࡈࠜࡀ࠹ࠖ࠶ࠢ⺒ߺߦㆡ ߒߚන⺆ߣߒߡឭ᩺ߒߚޕ －25－ 4 㗡ᢥሼᱜ╵₸߇ૐ߆ߞߚන⺆ߩ⺋╵ߩ⒳㘃ߣߘߩⷐ࿃ߩಽᨆ ࠕ࡞ࡈࠔ ࡌ࠶࠻㩷 ⺞ᩏන⺆㩷 㩷 ⧷⺆⸥㩷 ฬ⸥㩷 ᄙ߆ߞߚ ᱜ╵₸ ⷫኒᐲ ផቯߐࠇࠆ⺋╵ ⺋╵ߣߘ ߩⷐ࿃㩷 [%]㩷 [%]㩷 ߩઙᢙ㩷 X Xavier ࠩࡆࠛ࡞㩷 0 62.7 Z(65) ࠩⴕЈZ㩷 X Xerox ࡠ࠶ࠢࠬ 㩷 0 21.3 Z(69) ࠩⴕЈZ㩷 Q Quebec ࠤࡌ࠶ࠢ㩷 1.3 10.7 K(58) ࠞⴕЈK㩷 X X-ray ࠛࠢࠬࠗ㩷 18.7 16.0 E(51) ࠛ(࠶)ࠢࠬЈE㩷 V volunteer ࡏࡦ࠹ࠖࠕ㩷 25.3 72.0 B(52) ࡃⴕЈB㩷 L Lima ࡑ㩷 29.3 20.0 R(41) ⴕЈR㩷 F foxtrot ࡈࠜ࠶ࠢࠬ࠻ࡠ࠶࠻ 33.3 8.0 P(29) FЈP㩷 I India ࠗࡦ࠺ࠖࠕ㩷 49.3 38.7 E(27) ࠗЈE㩷 V victor ࡆࠢ࠲㩷 49.3 13.3 B(11), R(5) ࡃⴕЈB㩷 R real ࠕ࡞㩷 50.7 40.0 D(14), L(11) RЈD, ⴕЈL㩷 R Romeo ࡠࡒࠝ㩷 53.3 37.3 L(23), D(5) ⴕЈL, RЈD㩷 S sierra ࠪࠛ㩷 53.3 Q quality ࠢࠝ࠹ࠖ㩷 58.7 36.0 C(14), K(5) ࠞⴕЈC, K㩷 Y year ࠗࡗ㩷 60.0 65.3 E(16) ࠗЈE㩷 R report ࡐ࠻㩷 61.3 68.0 L(24) ⴕЈL㩷 Z Zulu ࠭࡞㩷 66.7 13.3 㩷 L lesson ࠶ࠬࡦ㩷 70.7 73.3 R(20) ⴕЈR㩷 R restaurant ࠬ࠻ࡦ㩷 70.7 78.7 L(22) ⴕЈL㩷 I Internet ࠗࡦ࠲ࡀ࠶࠻㩷 72.0 98.7 E(21) ࠗЈE㩷 I ice ࠕࠗࠬ㩷 74.7 88.0 A(17) ࠕЈA㩷 I idea ࠕࠗ࠺ࠕ㩷 74.7 84.0 A(18) ࠕЈA㩷 X X ᨴ⦡ ࠛ࠶ࠢࠬࡦ࡚ࠪࠢ ࠲ࠗ㩷 74.7 29.3 E(15) ࠛ(࠶)ࠢࠬЈE㩷 F fish ࡈࠖ࠶ࠪࡘ㩷 77.3 96.0 T(14) FЈT㩷 V violin ࡃࠗࠝࡦ㩷 77.3 74.7 B(15) ࡃⴕЈB㩷 X X✢ ࠛ࠶ࠢࠬࡦ㩷 77.3 57.3 E(11) ࠛ(࠶)ࠢࠬЈE㩷 Q quick ࠢࠗ࠶ࠢ㩷 78.7 52.0 C(6), K(5) ࠞⴕЈC, K㩷 C Canada ࠞ࠽࠳㩷 80.0 78.2 K(13) ࠞⴕЈK㩷 V volleyball ࡃࡏ࡞㩷 80.0 89.3 B(13) ࡃⴕЈB㩷 W whiskey 80.0 40.0 U(4) ࠙ЈU㩷 ࠙ࠖࠬࠠ㩷 －26－ 5.3 C(8) ࠪЈC㩷 5ᣣᧄੱਛቇ↢ะߌߩࡈࠜࡀ࠹ࠖ࠶ࠢ⺒ߺߦㆡߒߚන⺆৻ⷩ ࠕ࡞ࡈࠔࡌ࠶࠻ ᣣᧄੱ↢ᓤ↪ࡈࠜࡀ࠹ࠖ࠶ࠢ⺒ߺන⺆ A America, animal, answer, apple B ball, book, box, boy C cat, class, computer D dance, desk, dinner, dog E egg, English, enjoy F family, father, friend G game, girl, golf, good, guitar H hand, happy, hot, hotel, house I ink J Japan, July, jump, junior K kitchen, koala L long, love, lunch M Mike, milk, morning, mother, music N name, news, November, number O old, open, orange, over P papa, park, pencil, piano, picture Q question, quiz R room S school, sports, stop, summer T table, teacher, tennis, time U umbrella, use, usually V video W water, week, window, winter X X ✢, X ᨴ⦡ Y yellow, yesterday, young Z zero, zoo －27－ ෳ⠨ᢥ₂ [1] ✚ോ⋭, ή✢ዪㆇ↪ⷙೣ㧔ᦨ⚳ᡷᱜ㧦2006 ᐕ 11 20 ᣣ✚ോ⋭╙ 134 ภ㧕. http://law.e-gov.go.jp/htmldata/S25/S25F30901000017.html [2] ဈᧄୃ৻, ᄤ㊁ᚑᤘ, ㋈ᧁ㓁৻, ㄭ⮮ਭ, ዊỈ⾫ม, ᦥᩮᢅᄦ, “න⺆ੌ⸃ᐲ⹜ 㛎ߦ߅ߌࠆࡕหቯߦኻߔࠆⷫኒᐲߩᓇ㗀,” ᣣᧄ㖸㗀ቇળ, Vol.60, No.7, pp.351-357, 2004. [3] ᢥㇱ⑼ቇ⋭, ਛቇᩞቇ⠌ᜰዉⷐ㗔㧔ᐔᚑ 10 ᐕ 12 ๔␜㧘ᐔᚑ 15 ᐕ 12 ᡷᱜ 㧕, ࿖┙ශዪ, ᧲੩, 2005. [4] ↲⌬ᦶ㧔⋙㧕, ⺆ᒵᜰዉߩᣇᴺ㨇⺆ᒵ✬㨉, శ࿑ᦠ , ᧲੩, 2002. [5] ਃ⋭ၴ✬ୃᚲ㧔✬㧕, ࠦࡦࠨࠗࠬࠞ࠲ࠞ࠽⺆ㄉౖ╙ 3 , ਃ⋭ၴ, ᧲੩, 2005. [6] ዊቇ㙚ᄖ࿖⺆ㄉౖ✬㓸ㇱ㧔✬㧕, ࡐࠤ࠶࠻ࡊࡠࠣ࠶ࠪࡉ ࠞ࠲ࠞ࠽⺆ㄉౖ, ዊ ቇ㙚, ᧲੩, 2007. [7] ᴡวિ㧔⋙㧕, ᦺᣣᣂ⡞␠↪⺆ᐙ㧔✬㧕, ᦺᣣᣂ⡞ߩࠞ࠲ࠞ࠽⺆ㄉౖ, ᦺᣣᣂ ⡞␠, ᧲੩, 2006. [8] ┻ᨋṑ, ᧲ାⴕ, ⺪⸰ㇱੳ, ᏒᎹᵏ↵, ᣂ⧷ਛㄉౖ╙ 7 , ⎇ⓥ␠, ᧲੩, 2003. ౖ ᧄ┨ߪ㧘એਅߩᛛⴚ⎇ⓥႎ๔ේⓂࠍ߽ߣߦౣ᭴ᚑߒߚޕ ᷰㄝື, ⟤ᧁޘ, 㕍ᧁᚑ⟤, ᳗િᐘ㧦ⷞⷡ㓚ኂ⠪↪ࠬࠢࡦ࠳ߩࡈࠜࡀ࠹ࠖ࠶ࠢ ⺒ߺߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ̆ਛቇ↢ߩ↪ࠍ⠨ᘦߒߚ⺑න⺆ߩㆬቯ̆, 㔚ሶᖱႎㅢାቇળᛛⴚႎ๔, WIT2007-91, March 2008. －28－