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᪥ᚰ➨ 㻣㻡 ᅇ኱఍䠄㻞㻜㻝㻝䠅㻌
♫఍䞉ᩥ໬㻌 㻟㻼㻹㻜㻝㻞㻌
ྠᛶ཭ே㛵ಀ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⮬ᕫほࡢ㢮ఝᛶ࡜┦⿵ᛶ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ୍⪃ᐹ
‫ۑ‬୰ᓥ೺୍㑻㸯࣭ྂ㇂჆୍㑻㸰
㸦 㛗ᓮዪᏊ▷ᮇ኱Ꮫᗂඣᩍ⫱Ꮫ⛉࣭㸰ẚ἞ᒣ኱Ꮫ⌧௦ᩥ໬Ꮫ㒊㸧
࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ: ྠᛶ཭ே㛵ಀ࣭㢮ఝᛶ࡜┦⿵ᛶ࣭ᩥ໬ⓗ⮬ᕫほ
㸯
On similarity and dissimilarity in same-sex friendship from the perspective of independent-interdependent self-construal
Ken’ichiro NAKASHIMA1 and Kaichiro FURUTANI2
1
( Nagasaki Women’s Junior College, 2 Hijiyama University)
Key words: same-sex friendship, similarity and dissimilarity, cultural self-construal
┠ⓗ
ᑐே㛵ಀࢆ⥔ᣢ࣭ᵓ⠏ࡍࡿୖ࡛㸪ᑐ㇟⪅࡜ࡢ౯್ほࡢ㢮ఝ
ᛶࡸ┦⿵ᛶࡀ㔜せ࡞ព࿡ࢆᣢࡘࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ
(e.g., Byrne & Nelson, 1965; Winch et al.,1954)ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪
ࡇࢀࡽࡢ◊✲ࡣ༢࡟㛵ಀෆ㒊࡟࠾ࡅࡿ౯್ほࡢ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏ࡟
ὀ┠ࡍࡿ࡟␃ࡲࡗ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ᙜ஦⪅ࡀ᭷ࡍࡿ౯್ほࡢ≉ᚩࡲ࡛
༑ศ࡟⪃៖ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ౛࠼ࡤ㸪⮬❧࣭⮬ᚊᚰࢆᣢࡘࡇ࡜
ࢆ㔜どࡍࡿ⪅ྠኈ࡜ࡑࢀࢆᣢࡓ࡞࠸⪅ྠኈ࡟ὀ┠ࡋࡓሙྜ㸪
ྛࠎࡢ㛵ಀࠕෆ࡛ࠖࡣ౯್ほࡀ㢮ఝࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢࡢ㸪ྛࠎࡢ
㛵ಀࠕ㛫࡛ࠖࡣ౯್ほࡀ␗࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞㛵ಀෆࡢ
ྠ㉁ᛶ࡜㛵ಀ㛫ࡢᕪ␗ࡣ㸪ᙜ஦⪅ࡢᚰ⌮≧ែ࡟࠸࠿࡞ࡿᙳ㡪
ࢆཬࡰࡍࡢࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋ
ຍ࠼࡚㸪㛵ಀෆࡢᕪ␗㸪ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ౯್ほࡢ┦⿵ᛶ࡟╔┠ࡋ
ࡓሙྜ㸪௚ࡢ␲ၥࡀᾋ࠿ࡧୖࡀࡿࠋ⮬❧࣭⮬ᚊᚰࡢᙉ࠸ಶே
ࡀࡑࢀࡢᙅ࠸ಶே࡜ᑐே㛵ಀࢆᙧᡂࡍࡿࡇ࡜㸪ࡑࡋ࡚⮬❧࣭
⮬ᚊᚰࡢᙅ࠸ಶேࡀࡑࢀࡢᙉ࠸ಶே࡜ᑐே㛵ಀࢆᙧᡂࡍࡿࡇ
࡜ࡣ㸪㛵ಀෆ㒊࡛┦⿵ⓗ࡞㛵ಀࡀᡂ❧ࡍࡿⅬ࡛ඹ㏻ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ㛵ಀࢆᵓ⠏ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃୖ࡛᭷⏝࡜࡞
ࡿ♫఍ⓗࢫ࢟ࣝࡲ࡛ඹ㏻ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡣ㝈ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ㸪
⮬❧࣭⮬ᚊᚰࡢᙉ࠸ಶேࡀࡑࢀࡢᙅ࠸௚⪅࡜Ⰻዲ࡞㛵ಀࢆ⠏
ࡃࡓࡵ࡟ᚲせ࡞ࢫ࢟ࣝࡣ㸪⮬❧࣭⮬ᚊᚰࡢᙅ࠸ಶேࡀࡑࢀࡢ
ᙉ࠸ಶே࡜㛵ಀࢆ⠏ࡃሙྜ࡟ࡣ᭷ຠ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ
࡛ࡣ㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ㛵ಀࢆᵓ⠏ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿேࠎࡀᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ♫఍
ⓗࢫ࢟ࣝ࡟ࡣ࠸࠿࡞ࡿᕪ␗ࡀ࠶ࡿࡢࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋ
ࡇࢀࡽࡢၥ࠸࡟⟅࠼ࡿࡓࡵ࡟㸪ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣᩥ໬ⓗ⮬ᕫほࡢ
ほⅬ࠿ࡽ཭ே㛵ಀࡢ㢮ఝᛶ࡜┦⿵ᛶࢆᤊ࠼ࡓୖ࡛㸪ࡑࢀࡽ࡟
ࡼࡗ࡚ᙜ஦⪅ࡢᚰ⌮≧ែࡸ⾜ືഴྥ࡟࠸࠿࡞ࡿᕪ␗ࡀ⏕ࡌࡿ
࠿᳨ウࡍࡿࠋ
᪉ἲ
ㄪᰝᑐ㇟⪅㸸ዪᏊ▷ᮇ኱ᏛࡢྠࡌᏛ⛉࡟ᡤᒓࡍࡿᏛ⏕ 71 ྡ
ㄪᰝ᫬ᮇ㸸2010 ᖺ 7 ᭶ ᡭ⥆ࡁ㸸ᚰ⌮Ꮫ㛵ಀࡢㅮ⩏⤊஢ᚋ࡟
㉁ၥ⣬ࢆ㓄ᕸࡋ㸪ᅇ⟅ࡀ⤊஢ࡋࡓᏛ⏕࠿ࡽ㝶᫬ᅇ཰ࡋࡓࠋ௨
ᚋࡢᑻᗘ࡟ᅇ⟅ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟㸪Ꮫ⏕࡟ࡣᏛ⛉ෆࡢぶࡋ࠸཭ேࢆ
1 ྡᛮ࠸ᾋ࠿࡭ࡓୖ࡛㸪ࡑࡢẶྡࢆグධࡍࡿࡼ࠺ồࡵࡓࠋ ㉁
ၥ⣬ᵓᡂ㸸┦஫⊂❧-┦஫༠ㄪⓗ⮬ᕫほᑻᗘ(㧗⏣㸪2000; ┦஫
⊂❧ᛶ; Į = .79㸪┦஫༠ㄪᛶ; Į = .76; 20 㡯┠ 7 ௳ἲ)㸪ࢯ࣮ࢩ
ࣕࣝࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ࣭ࢫ࢟ࣝᑻᗘ(Furutani et al., 2007; 21 㡯┠ 7
௳ἲ)ࡢ୺ᙇ࣭㛤♧ࢫ࢟ࣝ(7 㡯┠; ぶࡋ࠸ே࡜ᮏ㡢࡛ࡪࡘ࠿ࡾ
ྜࡗ࡚ࡶᖹẼ࡛࠶ࡿ; Į = .58)࣭㛵ಀㄪᩚࢫ࢟ࣝ(9 㡯┠; ᚲせ
࡞ࡽࡤ㸪┦ᡭ࡜ࡢぶࡋࡉࢆ⮬ศࡀᛮ࠺ࡼ࠺࡟ㄪᩚࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ
࡛ࡁࡿ; Į = .87)࣭ඹឤ࣭ⴱ⸨ฎ⌮ࢫ࢟ࣝ(5 㡯┠; ▱ே࡜ࡅࢇ
࠿࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡶ㸪┦ᡭࡢ❧ሙ࡟࡞ࡾᙼࡽࡢ⪃࠼᪉ࡶ⌮ゎࡍࡿࡇ
࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ; Į = .70)࣭IOS(Aron et al., 1992; 㸯㡯┠ 7 ௳ἲ)࣭
㛵ಀ‶㊊ᗘᑻᗘ(┦㤿࣭ᾆ, 2009; Į = .85; 5 㡯┠ 5 ௳ἲ)
⤖ᯝ࡜⪃ᐹ
཭ே࣌࢔࡜ࡢ⮬ᕫほࡢ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏ࡟ࡼࡿㄪᰝᑐ㇟⪅ࡢ⩌ศ
ࡅ㸸ᅇᖐศᯒࡢṧᕪᚓⅬࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᡭἲ(୰ᓥ௚, 2010)࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁ
ㄪᰝᑐ㇟⪅ࡢ⩌ศࡅࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢᚋ㸪ᑐ㇟⪅ࡀ᝿㉳ࡋࡓ཭
ேࡀ⊂❧ඃໃ⩌࡜༠ㄪඃໃ⩌ࡢ࠸ࡎࢀࡢ⩌࡟ྵࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿
࡟ὀ┠ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㸪ㄪᰝᑐ㇟⪅඲యࢆ⊂❧(⮬㌟)̺⊂
❧(཭ே)⩌࣭༠ㄪ(⮬㌟)̺༠ㄪ(཭ே)⩌࣭⊂❧(⮬㌟)̺༠ㄪ(཭
ே)⩌࣭༠ㄪ(⮬㌟)̺⊂❧(཭ே)⩌ࡢ 4 ⩌࡟ศ๭ࡋࡓࠋ௨ᚋࡢ
ศᯒ࡛ࡣࡇࡇ࡛タᐃࡋࡓ 4 ⩌ࢆ୺ࡓࡿཧຍ⪅㛫せᅉ࡜ࡋ࡚⏝
࠸ࡓࠋ࡞࠾㸪ྛ⩌ࡢேᩘࡣ㡰࡟ 16 ྡ㸪17 ྡ㸪20 ྡ㸪18 ྡ࡛
࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
ᚰ⌮ⓗ㊥㞳࡞ࡽࡧ࡟㛵ಀ‶㊊ᗘ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ᳨ウ㸸ᚑᒓኚᩘࢆ
IOS ࡢᖹᆒ್࡜㛵ಀ‶㊊ᗘࡢᖹᆒ್࡜ࡍࡿ 1 せᅉ MANOVA
ࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ㸪⩌ࡢ୺ຠᯝࡀ᭷ព࡛࠶ࡗࡓ(F (6, 126) =
2.96, p < .01)ࠋලయⓗ࡟ࡣ㸪IOS ᚓⅬ࡜㛵ಀ‶㊊ᗘᚓⅬࡢྛࠎ
࡟㛵ࡋ࡚㸪༠ㄪ(⮬㌟)̺༠ㄪ(཭ே)⩌(IOS ᚓⅬ; M = 5.59, 㛵ಀ
‶㊊ᗘᚓⅬ; M = 4.56)࡜༠ㄪ(⮬㌟)̺⊂❧(཭ே)⩌(IOS ᚓⅬ;
M = 4.25, 㛵ಀ‶㊊ᗘᚓⅬ; M = 4.06)ࡢ㛫࡟᭷ពᕪࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀ
ࡓ(t (64) = 2.82, p < .05; t (67) = 2.81, p < .05)ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪
༠ㄪ(⮬㌟)̺༠ㄪ(཭ே)⩌࡜⊂❧(⮬㌟)̺⊂❧(཭ே)⩌(IOS ᚓ
Ⅼ; M = 5.31, 㛵ಀ‶㊊ᗘᚓⅬ; M = 4.43)࡟᭷ពᕪࡣㄆࡵࡽࢀ
࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢ⤖ᯝࡣ㸪཭ே࡜ࡢ㛵ಀᛶ࡬ࡢホ౯ࡀ཭ே
࡜ࡢ౯್ほࡀ㢮ఝࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿࡝࠺࠿ࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ᙜ஦⪅ࡢ
᭷ࡍࡿ⮬ᕫほ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚つᐃࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࢯ࣮ࢩࣕࣝࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ࣭ࢫ࢟ࣝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ᳨ウ㸸♫఍ⓗࢫ
࢟ࣝ(3; ୺ᙇ࣭㛤♧/㛵ಀㄪᩚ/ඹឤ࣭ⴱ⸨ฎ⌮, ཧຍ⪅ෆ)ࢆ⏝
࠸ࡓ ANOVA ࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪ࢫ࢟ࣝࡢ୺ຠᯝ(F (2,
134) = 6.91, p < .01)࡟ຍ࠼࡚ 2 せᅉ஺஫స⏝ຠᯝ(F (6, 134) =
2.39, p < .05)ࡀ᭷ព࡛࠶ࡗࡓ(Figure 1)ࠋୗ఩᳨ᐃࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡓ࡜
ࡇࢁ㸪௨ୗࡢ 3 Ⅼࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡎ㸪༠ㄪ(⮬㌟)̺⊂
❧(཭ே)⩌ࡢ୺ᙇ࣭㛤♧ࢫ࢟ࣝᚓⅬ(M = 3.62)ࡼࡾࡶ௚ࡢ 3 ⩌
ࡢ୺ᙇ࣭㛤♧ࢫ࢟ࣝᚓⅬࡢ᪉ࡀ᭷ព࡟㧗࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓࠋ
(༠ㄪ(⮬㌟)̺༠ㄪ(཭ே)⩌; M = 4.35, ⊂❧(⮬㌟)̺⊂❧(཭ே)
⩌; M = 4.53, ⊂❧(⮬㌟)̺༠ㄪ(཭ே)⩌; M = 4.68)ࠋḟ࡟㸪༠
ㄪ(⮬㌟)̺༠ㄪ(཭ே)⩌࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪㛵ಀㄪᩚࢫ࢟ࣝᚓⅬ(M =
3.89)ࡼࡾࡶ୺ᙇ࣭㛤♧ࢫ࢟ࣝᚓⅬ(M = 4.35)ࡸඹឤ࣭ⴱ⸨ฎ⌮
ࢫ࢟ࣝᚓⅬ(M = 4.73)ࡀ᭷ព࡟㧗࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓࠋ᭱ᚋ࡟㸪
༠ㄪ(⮬㌟)̺⊂❧(཭ே)⩌࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪୺ᙇ࣭㛤♧ࢫ࢟ࣝᚓⅬ(M
= 3.62)ࡼࡾࡶ㛵ಀㄪᩚࢫ࢟ࣝᚓⅬ(M = 4.07)ࡸඹឤ࣭ⴱ⸨ฎ⌮
ࢫ࢟ࣝᚓⅬ(M = 4.29)ࡀ᭷ព࡟㧗࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓࠋ࡞࠾㸪⊂
❧(⮬㌟)̺⊂❧(཭ே)⩌࡞ࡽࡧ࡟⊂❧(⮬㌟)̺༠ㄪ(཭ே)⩌࡛
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