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研究論文 仲間知穂 他
⎇ⓥ⺰ᢥ ᐜఽߩᬺߩน⢻ൻࠍ⋡ᜰߔᐜ⒩ᢎຬߣߩද⊛ࠕࡊࡠ࠴ 㨪ᬺ≮ᴺ჻߇ឭଏߔࠆᖱႎߩᛒᣇߦὶὐࠍߡߡ㨪 ખ㑆⍮Ⓞ 1)㧘㈬߭ߣߺ 2) 1) ℄ࡂࡆ࠹࡚ࠪࡦቇ㒮㧘2) 㑐⑼ቇᄢቇ ⷐᣦ㧦ᧄ⺰ᢥߪ㧘ၞߩᐜ⒩ዊቇᩞߦࡏࡦ࠹ࠖࠕᬺ≮ᴺ჻㧔એਅ OT㧕ߣߒߡⴕߞߚᎼ࿁⋧⺣ߦߟߡ㧘 ᐜ⒩ߩ㧝ᢎຬ߳ߩᡰេࠍᝄࠅࠆᒻߢ㧘OT ߩᖱႎߩᛒᣇߦὶὐࠍᒰߡߡ⠨ኤࠍᷓߚ㧚OT ߪᢎຬ⥄り߇ᐜ ఽߦᗵߓࠆ㗴ࠍ⸃ߔࠆߚߩജࠍᜬߡࠆࠃ߁㧘ࠛࡦࡄࡢࡔࡦ࠻ࠍᗧ⼂ߒߚขࠅ⚵ߺࠍⴕߥߞߚ㧚ߘߩታ ߦߪ㧘ᢎຬ߇ᐜఽߦኻߒߡ㗿ߞߡߚᗧߩࠆᬺࠍㆬᛯߒ㧘ߘߩታߦะߌߡᢎຬ⥄り߇㗴⸃ߦෳടߒ ߡߌࠆߚߩᖱႎߩᛒᣇ߇㊀ⷐߢߞߚ㧚ߎߩᖱႎߩᛒᣇߣߪ㧘ೋᦼߦ OT ߣᢎຬ߇ห╬ߥࡄ࠻࠽ ߢࠆߣ߁┙႐ࠍ⏕ߦߔࠆߎߣ㧘ᢎຬ߇㗿߁ᐜఽߩᬺߦߟߡή⍮ߩᆫߢ⡬ߊߎߣ㧘ᢎຬ߇ᐜఽߩᬺ ࠍ಄㕒ߦㆬᛯߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁㗴ࠍᄖൻߔࠆߎߣ㧘ߐࠄߦⷫߒߺ߿ᚲᗵࠍᜬߡࠆᖱႎឭଏߩᎿᄦߦ․ᓽ߇ࠆߎ ߣ߇ಽ߆ߞߚ㧚 ࠠࡢ࠼㧦ࠛࡦࡄࡢࡔࡦ࠻㧘ᖱႎ㧘ࠢࠗࠛࡦ࠻ਛᔃ㧘ද ߪߓߦ ╩⠪ߪᬺߦὶὐࠍᒰߡߚᬺ≮ᴺߩ㑐ࠊࠅࠍવ߃ ࠆߚߦ㧘ㆊ 2 ᐕ㑆ၞߩᐜ⒩ߦࡏࡦ࠹ࠖࠕߣ ߒߡㅳ 1 ࿁ߩᎼ࿁⋧⺣ࠍⴕߞߡ߈ߚ㧚Polatajko ࠄ 1)ߪ Miller(1992)ߩ⎇ⓥ߆ࠄ㧘ᗧࠆᬺߪ㧘ᚑ㐳ߣ⊒㆐ ࠍଦㅴߔࠆⷐߣߥࠆᓎഀࠍᨐߚߒߡࠆߎߣࠍᒝ⺞ߒ ߡ߅ࠅ㧘╩⠪߽ሶߤ߽߇ᬺࠍታߒߡߌࠆߎߣࠍ ᄢಾߦߒߡࠆ㧚ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߦ߅ߡߪ㧘ሶߤ߽ߩᬺ ߩታߦะߌߡ㧘⺖㗴߿ⅣႺࠍਥߣߥߞߡ⺞ᢛߔࠆߎ ߣࠍᜂߞߡࠆߩߪᢎຬߢࠆ㧚ߘߩߚ OT ߪ㧘ᢎ ຬߣදߒ㧘ሶߤ߽ߩᬺߩน⢻ൻࠍ⋡ᜰߒ㑐ࠊߞߡ ߈ߚ㧚 ߒ߆ߒᬺߩน⢻ൻࠍ⋡ᜰߒߚද⊛ࠕࡊࡠ࠴ߦ ߟߡ㧘ታ〣ߢߪᚻߊ߆ߕߦᖠࠤ߽ࠬዋߥߊ ߥ㧚ࠢࠗࠛࡦ࠻ਛᔃߩታ〣ߦߟߡ㧘ࡄ࠻࠽ ࠪ࠶ࡊߣߒߡᗧᕁቯߦടࠊࠇࠆߛߌߩචಽߥᖱႎឭ ଏߩ㊀ⷐᕈߥߤᖱႎߩߦߟߡㅀߴߚ߽ߩߪࠆ 2) ߇㧘ታ㓙ߩౕ⊛ߥᣇᴺߦߟߡߪਇ⍎ߥㇱ ಽ߽ᄙ㧚࿁╩⠪ߪᢎຬߣදߒሶߤ߽ߩᬺߩน ⢻ൻࠍᐞߟ߆⚻㛎ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߚ㧚ߘࠇࠄߩࠤࠬ ࠍᝄࠅࠆߣ㧘 ㅢὐ߇ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ߞߚ㧚 ߘࠇߪ㧘 දߒߡߊᢎຬ߇㗴ࠍᗵߓࠆᐜఽߩᬺߦὶὐࠍ ᒰߡ㧘ߘߩ㗴⸃ߦะߌᖱႎࠍߔࠆߎߣߢߞ ߚ㧚 ߘߎߢᧄ⺰ߢߪ㧘ࠬࡓ࠭ߦᢎຬߣߩදᬺ⊛ࠕࡊ ࡠ࠴߇߅ߎߥ߃ߚࠤࠬߦߟߡ㧘OT ߩᖱႎߩᛒ ᣇߦὶὐࠍᒰߡߡ⚫ߒ㧘⠨ኤࠍᷓߚ㧚 ࠤࠬߩ⚫ A ำ 㧘5 ᱦ㧘↵ఽ㧚3 ᱦߩᤨ߮ដߌߦኻߒᔕ߇ ߥߥߤ᳇ߦߥࠆὐ߇ࠅ㧘ዊఽ⊒㆐ࡦ࠲ࠍฃ⸻ ߒ⥄㐽∝ߣ⸻ᢿߐࠇࠆ㧚⼔⠪ߩᏗᦸߢ৻⥸ᐜ⒩ߦ 㧚ᢎ⢒ᆔຬળ߽․ᡰេຬࠍ 1 ฬᜂᒰߔࠆߠ ߊࠅࠍታᣉߒߚ㧚☋ߒߡࠆᐜ⒩ߪ㧘නᐕߢ㧘 㓞ធߔࠆዊቇᩞ߳ቇߔࠆ೨ߩୃቇḰߣߒߡ⟎ߠ ߌࠄࠇߡࠆ㧚 3) OT ⹏ଔ 㧝㧚OT ࠗࡦ࠹ࠢ㧔OT ߩ⋡⊛ߣᓎഀߩ㧕 ᬺ≮ᴺ㐿ᆎᤨ㧘ᜂછᢎຬ B ߣ OT ߇ࡄ࠻࠽ߣ ߒߡ㑐ଥࠍ▽ߊߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߦ㧘ᢎຬ B ߦએਅߩ OT ߩ ⋡ᮡߣᓎഀࠍવ߃ߚ㧚 ޟቇᩞ↢ᵴߦߪ㧘ߘߩሶ߇ᦼᓙߐࠇߡࠆᬺ㧔ീ ᒝ㆐ߣදജߒߡ㒰ߔࠆߎߣߥߤ㧕߿ߒߚߣᗵ ߓࠆᬺ㧔㆐ߣ৻✜ߦㆆ߱ߎߣ㧘వ↢ߦⶋࠄࠇࠆ ߎߣߥߤ㧕߇ࠆߣᕁ߹ߔ㧚ߎߩޡᬺߞߥߎ߅ࠍޢ ߡߌࠆߎߣ߇ߘߩሶߩஜᐽ⊛ߥቇᩞ↢ᵴߦ㊀ⷐߢߔ㧚 ޡᬺߪޢ㧘ߘߩሶࠄߒߊࠄࠇࠆߎߣ㧘ሶߤ߽㆐߇ ⥄ࠄᚑ㐳ߒߡߊߎߣࠍน⢻ߦߒ߹ߔ㧚 ᬺ≮ᴺߢߪ㧘 ሶߤ߽㆐߇ޡᬺߢߣߎࠆߌߡߞߥߎ߅ࠍޢஜᐽ⊛ 45－－ -45 1㧦ኻ⽎ᐜఽ A ำߦኻߔࠆ೨ߩᢎຬ B ߩ᭽ሶ 4) A ำ ߦኻߔࠆᢎຬ B ߩ᭽ሶ㧔XX ᐕ 5 28 ᣣ㧕 ᢎຬ B ߪ㓚ኂఽᢎ⢒ߩ⚻㛎ߪߥߊ㧘ක≮⡯⒳ߣࠍ ߔࠆߎߣ߽ A ำ߇ೋߡߢߞߚ㧚ᬺ≮ᴺߦߟߡ ߩ⍮⼂ߪోߊߥ߆ߞߚ㧚 ᢎຬ B ߪ⥄㐽∝ߩ A ำߦኻߒ㧘⥄㐽∝ߩᧄࠍ⺒ߺኻᔕ ࠍᮨ⚝ߒߡߚ㧚ᐜ⒩ߢᦼᓙߒߡࠆᵴേߩෳടߪߢ ߈ߥߊߡ߽ᣇ߇ήߣ⠨߃㧘A ำߩోߩߚߛߌߦ Ᏹߦߦߟ߈㧘㗴ⴕേߦኻߒᛥࠍⴕߞߡߚ㧚 ߥቇᩞ↢ᵴࠍ༡ࠆߣ߁ߎߣࠍᄢಾߦߒߡ߹ߔ㧚 ߘߒߡ㧘ߎߩߎߣߩታߦᢎຬ߇ജࠍᜬߡࠆߎߣࠍ⋡ ᮡߦߒߡ߹ߔ㧚 ߘߩߚ㧘OT ߪ㧘ᢎຬ߇㗴ࠍᗵ ߓߡࠆᐜఽߩᬺߦኻߒ㧘 ̌ߤ߁ߒߡߢ߈ߥߩ߆̍ ̌ߤࠎߥߎߣߦ࿎ߞߡࠆߩ߆̍ߥߤ㧘OT ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ ߎߣࠍᢎຬߦવ߃ࠆߎߣߢ㧘ᢎຬ⥄り߇ᡰេࠍ⠨߃ ⴕߞߡߌࠆࠃ߁߅ᚻવߒ߹ߔ㧚 ޠ 㧞㧚೨ߩᢎຬ B ߣኻ⽎ᐜఽ A ำߩ᭽ሶ ᢎຬ B ߪ㗴ߦᗵߓࠆ A ำߩⴕേ߇ోߡ⥄㐽∝ߦࠃ ࠆ߽ߩߢߪߥ߆ߣ߁Ṽὼߣߒߚਇࠍᛴ߈㧘ᦼᓙ ߒߚᬺߣߘߩ㗴ߩ⸃╷ࠍᜬߡߕߦߚ 㧔㧝㧕 㧚 ߘߩߚ OT ߪ㧘ᢎຬ B ߇ A ำߦᦼᓙߒߡࠆᬺࠍ ⏕ߦߒߡߊᔅⷐᕈ߇ࠆߣᗵߓߚ㧚 㧟㧚ᢎຬ B ߇㗴ࠍᗵߓࠆ A ำߩᬺㆀⴕߩ㗴ߩ ⏕ൻ OT ߪᢎຬ B ߦ㧘A ำߦᗵߓࠆ㗴ߣ⋡ᮡߦߟߡ ࠞ࠽࠳ᬺㆀⴕ᷹ቯ㧔એਅ COPM㧕ࠍ㧘ߦ⏕ ߒߚ㧚 OT ߪ㧘ᢎຬ߇⋡ߩ೨ߩኻᔕߢ߈ߥ㗴㧔߃߫ A ำ߇ࡎ࠙ࠠࠍᝄࠅ࿁ߒߡߒ߹߁ߎߣߥߤ㧕ߦኻߒ㧘㓚 ኂ߿ᯏ⢻ߦὶὐࠍᒰߡ㧘ߘߩሶ߇̌ 㧔ߘߩᯏ⢻ߢ㧕߇ ߢ߈ࠆ߆̍ࠍ⠨߃ࠆะߦࠅ㧘ᢎຬ߇ᧄ᧪㗿ߞߡ ࠆᐜఽߦߣߞߡᗧߩࠆᬺࠍㆬᛯߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ ߥ⁁ᴫߢࠆߎߣ㧘ߐࠄߦ㧘OT ߦᡰេᣇᴺ㧔ኻᔕ ╷㧕ࠍᢎ߃ߡ߽ࠄ߁ߣߞߚฃߌりߩᆫߢࠆߎߣ ࠍᒝߊᗵߓߚ㧚ߘߩߚ㧘ೋߩᲑ㓏ߢ COPM ࠍታᣉ ߒ㧘ᢎຬ߇ᐜఽߦ㗴ࠍᗵߓࠆᬺߦὶὐࠍᒰߡ㧘ߘ ߩ㗴ࠍᗵߓࠆᬺ߇ߤ߁ߥߞߡ᰼ߒߩ߆㧔ߘߩ ᬺߩ㆐ᚑࠍㅢߒߡᢎຬߪᐜఽߦࠍᦼᓙߒߡࠆߩ ߆㧕ࠍ⡞ߊߎߣߦࠃࠅ㧘ᢎຬ߇ߢ߈ߡߥᐜఽ ߦᧄᒰߦᦼᓙߔࠆᬺߦ᳇ઃߡߊ߹ߢߩㆊ⒟ࠍᄢ ಾߦߒߚ㧚ߘߩߢ㧘ᢎຬߩᗧᕁቯ߇㊀ⷐߢࠆߎ ߣࠍ⼂ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ᔃដߌߚ㧚ߎࠇࠄߩ߿ࠅขࠅࠍㅢ ߒߡ㧘OT ߣᢎຬߪ㧘ห╬ 4)ߥࡄ࠻࠽ߢࠆߣ߁ ┙႐ࠍℂ⸃ߒߡ߽ࠄ߁ࠃ߁ദߚ㧚 OT ߪࠗࡦ࠲ࡆࡘߩਛߢ㧘ᢎຬ B ߩ A ำߦᦼᓙߒ ߡࠆᬺߣߘߩᬺߩᗧߦ߽ὶὐࠍᒰߡࠆߎߣࠍ ᗧ⼂ߒ㧘ᢎຬ B ߇ᐜఽߦᗵߓߡࠆ㗴ߦኻߒߗߥޟ 㗴ߣᗵߓࠆߩ߆ࠍޠ⡞ߚ㧔 2 ߩ̌ᬺߩᗧ̍ ߩ㗄ෳᾖ㧕 㧚ߐࠄߦ㧘ᢎຬ B ߇ᐜఽߦኻߒᧄᒰߦᦼᓙ ߔࠆᬺࠍ⥄↱ߦ⠨߃ߡߌࠆࠃ߁ߦ㧘 ߡߞߥ߁ߤޟ᰼ ߒߣ㗿ߞߡࠆߩ߆ޠ ߡߞߥ߁ߘߗߥޟ᰼ߒߣᗵߓ ࠆߩ߆ߡߟߦޠ⡞ߊߎߣ߽ᗧ⼂ߒߚ㧚 ᢎຬ B ߪߩࠬࠢޟ㆐ߣ A ำ߇ߦᗧ⼂ߒቇࠎ ߢ᰼ߒ⋡ߣޠᮡࠍߒ㧘ߘߩߚߦ㗴ߣߔࠆᬺ ߣߒߡ㧘A ำߪ㧘㆐ߣ㑐ࠊࠅ߇ᜬߡߥߎߣ㧘ࠣ࡞ ࡊߩ৻ຬߣߒߡߩᓎഀߩෳട߇㔍ߒߎߣߥߤࠍߍ ߚ㧔 2㧕 㧚 㧠㧚A ำߩߒߚᬺߦߟߡᢎຬ B ߣߩ ᢎຬ B ߇㓚ኂ߿ᯏ⢻ߢߪߥߊ㧘 ᐜఽߩᕈߦነࠅᷝ㧘 ዅ㊀ߢ߈ࠆⷞὐࠍᜬߡࠆࠃ߁㧘A ำ߇ߒߚߣ㗿ߞߡ ࠆᬺߦߟߡ OT ߇⹏ଔߒߚᖱႎࠍᢎຬ B ߣ ߒߚ㧔 3㧕 㧚OT ߪᢎຬߣᐜఽߩ㑐ଥࠍᄢಾߦߔࠆߚ 2㧦A ำߦኻߔࠆᢎຬߩ COPM ೋᦼ⹏ଔ㧔XX ᐕ 6 2 ᣣ㧕 ᬺㆀⴕߩ㗴 ㊀ⷐᐲ ㆀⴕᐲ ḩ⿷ᐲ ᢎຬ߇ A ำߦᦼᓙߔࠆᬺߩᗧ ㆐ߣ㑐ࠊࠅࠍᜬߡߥ 10 3 3 ઁߩሶߤ߽ߚߜߩߎߣࠍࠆߎߣߢ㧘ቇߴࠆߎߣߥߤ ߇ࠆ㧚A ำߦ߽ߘߩᯏળࠍߍߚ㧚A ำ߇ߛߜ ࠍ᳇ߦߒߡߊࠇࠆߛߌߢ߽㧚 2 2 ࠠࡦࠣ࡞ࡊߣߒߡ৻✜ߩ㒰ߦෳടߔࠆߎߣߪ㧘 ࠣ࡞ࡊߩ৻ຬߣߒߡ㗎ᒛࠆߎߣߢࠅ㧘ࠣ࡞ࡊᗧ ⼂߿㧘ෳടᗧ⼂ࠍ A ำߣߛߜ߇ߦᗵߓߡ᰼ߒ ߣ㗿䈦䈩䈇䉎䋮 2.8 2.6 ࠣ࡞ࡊߩ৻ຬߣߒߡߩ ᓎഀߩෳട߇㔍ߒ 㒰ᒰ⇟⛎㘩ଥ ࠬࠦࠕ 5 - 46 － 46 － 3㧦A ำߩߒߚᬺ A ำߒߚᬺ ㆆ߮ᤨ㑆߿㒰ᤨ㑆ߩ A ำߩⴕേⷰኤࠃࠅޡ߆ห ߓᬺࠍㅢߒߡ㆐ߣ㑐ࠊࠆߎߣ ߇ޢA ำߦߣߞߡ ᄢಾߥᬺߢࠆߣᗵߓࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߚ㧚 4㧦ᢎຬ߇ㆬᛯߒߚᬺ A ำ߳ߩᡰេ ᢎຬ B ߪ 㧘หߓᬺࠍㅢߒߡ㆐ߣ㑐ࠊࠅߚߣ㗿 ߁ A ำߩᗐࠍዅ㊀ߒߚߎߣ㧘㆐ߣ A ำ߇ ߦෳടᗧ⼂ࠍᗵߓ߃ࠆᯏળߣߥࠆߎߣࠍℂ↱ߦ㧘 ৻ߩࡊ࡞ࠣޡຬߣߒߡ㒰ߦෳടߔࠆߎߣࠍޢขࠅ ⚵ߺߚߣߒߚ㧚 㧘ᐜ⒩ߩⅣႺౝߢ㧘ߦᐜఽߣ㑐ࠊࠆߎߣࠍㆱ ߌߡࠆ㧚ߘߩߚ㧘࿁ⴕേⷰኤࠍਛᔃߦⴕߞߚ㧚 㧡㧚ᢎຬ B ߩఝవߔࠆᬺㆀⴕߩቯ ࠗࡦ࠲ࡆࡘ߅ࠃ߮ᐜఽ߇ߒߚᬺߩ⚿ᨐࠍᢎຬ B ߦࡈࠖ࠼ࡃ࠶ࠢߒ㧘ᢎຬ B ߣ OT ߇ขࠅ⚵ࠎߢ ߊᬺߦߟߡߒว㧘ᦨ⚳⊛ߦߪ㧘ᢎຬ B ⥄り߇ ఝవߔࠆᬺࠍㆬᛯߒߚ㧔 4㧕 㧚 㧢㧚ᢎຬ B ߩㆬᛯߒߚᬺߦߟߡ㧔ߎߎ߹ߢߩࡊࡠ ࠬ㧕ߩࡈࠖ࠼ࡃ࠶ࠢ ᢎຬ B ߇ OT ߩߎߎ߹ߢߩᖱႎࠍਥ⊛ߦᵴ↪ߢ߈ ࠆߚߦߪ㧘ౣᐲࡄ࠻࠽ࠪ࠶ࡊࠍᷓࠆᔅⷐ߇ ࠆߣ OT ߪᗵߓߡߚ㧚ߘߎߢ㧘ߎࠇ߹ߢߣߎࠇ߆ࠄ ߩࡊࡠࠬ߇ᢎຬ B ߩㆬࠎߛ⋡ᮡߣ㗴ߩ⸃ߦะ ߡࠆߎߣࠍવ߃ࠆߚߩࡈࠖ࠼ࡃ࠶ࠢࠍታᣉߒߚ㧚 ᢎຬ B ߇ᖱႎߦኻߒ⽿છࠍᜬߜ㧘⥄↱ߦߞߡߊߎ ߣࠍഥߌࠆߚߦߪ㧘ᖱႎ߇⥄ಽߩ߽ߩߢࠆߣᗵߓ ࠄࠇࠆࠃ߁ߥᚲᗵࠍ⢒ߎߣ߇㊀ⷐߢߞߚ㧚ౕ ⊛ߥᎿᄦߣߒߡߪ㧘߿ߔߊℂ⸃ߐࠇ߿ߔౝኈ߿ឭ ଏᣇᴺ㧔ኾ㐷↪⺆ࠍ↪ߒߥ㧘౮⌀ࠍࠇࠆ㧘⚕㕙 ߣญ㗡ߩ⺑㧕 㧘ోᖱႎߩ㧘ᖱႎߩ⽿છ⠪ߣߒߡᢎ ຬߩฬ೨߽ࠇࠆߣߞߚߎߣߦᵈᗧࠍᛄ߁ߎߣߢ ߞߚ㧚ߐࠄߦ̌A ำߦኻߒᢎຬ B ߇ࠍᦼᓙߒ㧘ߘ ߩታߦะߌߡ㗴ߣߥࠆᬺㆀⴕߪ߆̍ߣ߁ࠃ ߁ߦ㧘ᖱႎߩ㑐ଥᕈࠍߟߥߢવ߃ࠆߎߣࠍᗧ⼂ߒߚ 㧔࿑ 1㧕 㧚OT ߩᖱႎߢᢎຬࠍࠦࡦ࠻ࡠ࡞ߖߕ㧘ᢎຬ ߩᖱႎߩฃߌขࠅᣇ㧔OT ߩᖱႎࠍฃߌߡᢎຬ߇ߤࠎ ߥ㑐ࠊࠅࠍᜬߜߚߣᕁ߁ߩ߆㧕ߦ⥄↱ᐲࠍᜬߡࠆࠃ ߁‛⺆㘑㧔ਥੱࠍᐜఽߣߒ㧘ߘߩࠬ࠻ߩਛߢ ᢎຬ߇Ḱਥᓎߩࠃ߁ߥᒻߢ⊓႐ߔࠆ㧕ߩౝኈߦ߹ߣ ߚ㧔࿑ 2㧕 㧚 ࡈࠖ࠼ࡃ࠶ࠢࠍㅢߒ㧘ᢎຬ B ߇߹ߢߩᵹࠇߣᖱ ႎߦኻߒℂ⸃ߢ߈ߚߎߣࠍ⏕ߒ㧘ᬺߩታߦะߌ ߡߎࠇ߆ࠄ OT ߇⹏ଔࠍㅴߡߊߎߣࠍᢎຬ B ߣᄾ ⚂ߒߚ㧚 㧣㧚A ำߩᬺㆀⴕ⹏ଔ ᢎຬ B ߣᄾ⚂ߒߚ⹏ଔߣߘߩ⋡⊛ߪ㧘ᐜఽߩᬺㆀ ⴕߩ㗴ࠍ⸃ߔࠆߎߣߦࠆߚ㧘⹏ଔߦߪቇᩞ ㆇേᛛ⢻ߣࡊࡠࠬᛛ⢻ߩ⹏ଔ㧔એਅ School AMPS㧕 ࠍ↪ߒߚ㧚߹ߚ㧘School AMPS ߪ⹏ଔࠍㅢߒᢎຬ B ߦ⺑ߒ߿ߔὐ㧘ౣ⹏ଔߩ㓙㧘ೋᦼ⹏ଔߣหߓ⺖㗴 ࠍㆬᛯߒߥߊߡ߽᷹ቯߢ߈ࠆ㧔ᐜఽߩᚑ㐳߿ᐜ⒩ߩ ᢎ⢒ᣇ㊎ߦ⺖㗴ࠍวࠊߖࠄࠇࠆ㧕ὐ㧘ା㗬ᕈᅷᒰᕈ ߇ᡰᜬߐࠇߡࠆ⹏ଔߢࠆὐ߽㧘ᧄ⹏ଔࠍㆬᛯߒߚ ℂ↱ߦࠆ㧚 A ำ㧦ࠣ࡞ࡊߩ৻ຬߣߒߡߩ㒰ߩㆀⴕ⹏ଔ School AMPS ߩ⚿ᨐ 3)ࠃࠅ㧘A ำߪⅣႺ߿⺖㗴ࠍᢛ ߃ࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ㧘ᬺㆀⴕ߇㆐ᚑߢ߈ࠆߣ್ᢿߢ߈ ߚ㧚ߘߩߎߣࠍ߰߹߃㧘㒰ߩ▸࿐ࠍℂ⸃ߔࠆߎߣ߇ 㔍ߒߎߣ㧘㒰ߩ⚳ࠅ߇ᤨߥߩ߆ࠊ߆ࠅߦߊߎ ߣߥߤ㧘 ታ㓙ߩ㒰ߩ᭽ሶࠍⷰኤߒߚߎߣ߆ࠄࠊ߆ࠆ㧘 A ำߩ࿎ߞߡࠆߎߣࠍᢎຬ B ߣߒߚ㧔࿑ 3㧕 㧚 ᵡᵭᵮᵫ ἁἻỶỴὅἚᾉ ἍἻἦἋἚӸᾉ Ճᵠ ᚸ̖ଐ ː᧓ẅჷᆞ ˺ಅᘍỉբ᫆ ޓᾉ ᵶᵶ࠰ᵔஉᵐଐ ྺྶἼἡἥἼἘὊἉἹὅܖᨈ ᙲࡇ ᘍࡇ ឱࡇ ᵏ ɟଐỉ්ủửྸᚐẲề ӋьỂẨễẟ 10 2 2 ᵐ Ӑᢋể᧙ỪụầਤềỦ 10 3 3 ỶὅἑἥἷὊỉφ˳ႎϋܾ ᾀଐỉ්ủỉྸᚐỊύܖݱఄỆᘍẾẺỆแͳởύỚỮễểӷẳẮ ểỆӋьẴỦẺỜỆ࣏ᙲễẮểώᵟӽễụỉ૾ඥửᎋảềӕụኵỜẺ Ụẟẟώ ˂ỉ܇ỄờẺẼỉẮểửᙸỦẮểỂύܖỔỦẮểễỄầẝỦώᵟӽỆờẸ ỉೞ˟ửɥậẺẟώᵟӽầӐẻẼửൢỆẲềẪủỦẻẬỂờẟẟώ ࿑ 1㧦ᢎຬߣߒߚ COPM㧔৻ㇱ㧕 - 47 － 47 － A ำ߇ਥੱߣߒߡߩౝኈ ᢎຬ B ߇Ḱਥੱߣߒߡߩౝኈ ᢎຬ B ߩᢎ⢒ߩଔ୯ⷰ ᢎຬ B ߩᦼᓙߒߡࠆᬺߩᗧ ᢎຬ B ߇ఝవߔࠆᬺㆀⴕ ᬺㆀⴕߩ㗴 ࿑ 2㧦ᢎຬߣߒߚᵹࠇ㧔‛⺆㘑ᖱႎឭ␜ߩ㧕 ᆫ߇ߺࠄࠇ㧘ߘߩᆫࠍߡ㆐߽㧘A ำߣ㑐ࠊࠅࠍ ᜬߟࠃ߁ߦߥߞߚ㧚A ำ߽㆐ߣࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡚ࠪࡦ ࠍขࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߡߞߚ㧚 OT ౣ⹏ଔ 㧝㧚A ำߩㆀⴕౣ⹏ଔ School AMPS ߩౣ⹏ଔߩ⚿ᨐ㧘A ำߪㆇേᛛ⢻㧘 ࡊࡠࠬᛛ⢻ߦ 0.5 logits એߩᄌൻ߇ࠄࠇ㧘⛔⸘ ⊛㧘⥃ᐥ⊛ߦᄌൻ߇ߞߚ 5)ߣ߁⚿ᨐ߇␜ߐࠇߚ㧔 5㧕 㧚 ࿑ 3㧦ᢎຬߣߒߚ㒰ߩᬺㆀⴕ 㧔‛⺆㘑ᖱႎឭ␜ߩ㧕 ⚻ㆊ 㧝㧚ᢎຬ B ߇ⴕߞߚᡰេ A ำߦኻߔࠆ⋥ធ⊛ߥᡰេߪ㧘ᢎຬ B ⥄り߇ᡰេౝ ኈࠍ┙᩺ߒታᣉߒߚ㧚OT ߪ㗴߇↢ߓߚᤨߥߤߟ ߢ߽⋧⺣ߦਸ਼ࠇࠆߎߣࠍવ߃㧘ᢎຬ B ߩᡰេࠍᡰ߃ࠆ ᒻࠍߣߞߚ㧚ᢎຬ B ߪ A ำ߇㒰ߩ▸࿐ࠍℂ⸃ߒߡ ߌࠆࠃ߁㧘ᐥߦࠬ࠲࠻߆ࠄࠧ࡞߹ߢߩࠪ࡞ࠍ⾍ ࠆߥߤᡰេ 3)ࠍⴕߞߚ㧚 㧞㧚ᢎຬ B ߩᄌൻ A ำߦኻߔࠆᢎຬ B ߩᄌൻߣ COPM ౣ⹏ଔ COPM ߩౣ⹏ଔߩ⚿ᨐ㧘ḩ⿷ᐲ㧘ㆀⴕᐲߕࠇ߽ 2.0 ὐએߩᗧߥᄌൻ 6㧕߇ߺࠄࠇߚ㧔 6㧕 㧚ᢎຬ B ߪ ޟ࿁ߩ⚿ᨐߦḩ⿷ߒߡࠆ㧚ߎࠇ߆ࠄㆇേળ߿ቇ⧓ ળ߇ࠆ߇㧘ߪߤ߁ߒߚࠄ A ำ߇ෳടߢ߈ࠆߩ߆⠨ ߃ߡߌࠆ᳇߇ߔࠆߒߣޠ㧘ᬺ≮ᴺࠍ⚳ੌߒߚ㧚 ᢎຬ B ߪߘߩᓟ㧘A ำ߇ㆇേળߥߤⴕߦෳടߒߡ ߌࠆࠃ߁᭽ߥޘᎿᄦࠍ⠨߃ᡰេࠍታᣉߒ㧘A ำߪߤߩ ⴕߦ߽㆐ߣදജߒวෳടߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߚ㧚 㧞㧚ᡰេᓟߩ A ำߩᄌൻ A ำߪࡎ࠙ࠠࠍᝄࠅ࿁ߔߎߣߥߊ㧘ోߡߩ㒰ࠍᢎ ຬ߇ઃ߈ᷝࠊߕ 1 ੱߢෳടߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߚ㧚㆐ ߆ࠄቇ߱ߎߣߢࠣ࡞ࡊోߩᓎഀࠍᨐߚߘ߁ߣߔࠆ ⠨ኤ ᢎຬ B ߪ೨㧘⥄㐽∝ߦኻߒ⥄り߇ฃߌขߞߚᖱ ႎ߆ࠄਇࠍᛴ߈㧘㗴ߣᗵߓࠆⴕേࠍᛥߔࠆߎߣ ߒ߆⠨߃ࠄࠇߥ㧘A ำߦᦼᓙߔࠆᬺࠍᜬߡߥߥ 48- － － - 48 5㧦A ำ School AMPS ⹏ଔ⚿ᨐ ᐜఽ Aำ ㆇേᛛ⢻ ࡊࡠࠬᛛ⢻ 1.06 logitsψ1.77 logits 㧙0.56 logitsψ0.12 logits 㧔หᐕ㦂ߩᐔဋ㧦 㧔หᐕ㦂ߩᐔဋ㧦 1.03㨪2.87 logits㧕 0.14㨪1.66logits㧕 Ꮕ 0.71 logits Ꮕ 0.68 logits 6㧦A ำߦኻߔࠆᢎຬߩ COPM ౣ⹏ଔ ೋᦼ⹏ଔ ౣ⹏ଔ ᬺㆀⴕߩ㗴 䋱ᣣ䈱ᵹ䉏䉕ℂ⸃䈚䈩㩷 ㆀⴕᐲ ḩ⿷ᐲ ㆀⴕᐲ ḩ⿷ᐲ 2 2 10 8 3 3 10 10 3 3 7 2 4 3 10 10 2 2 8 5 ࠬࠦࠕ 2.8 2.6 9 7 ࠬࠦࠕᏅ ㆀⴕᐲ 6.2 ḩ⿷ᐲ 4.4 ෳട䈪䈐䈭䈇㩷 ㆐䈫㑐䉒䉍䈏ᜬ䈩䈭䈇㩷 ෂ㒾䈭䈖䈫䈻䈱⼂䉕䉅䈩 䈭䈇㩷 䉂䉖䈭䈪ⴕേ䈜䉎ᤨ䈱 ᜰ␜䈏વ䉒䉌䈭䈇㩷 䉫䊦䊷䊒䈱৻ຬ䈫䈚䈩䈱 ᓎഀ䈱ෳട䈏㔍䈚䈇㩷 㩿㒰ᒰ⇟䊶⛎㘩ଥ㪀㩷 ߤ㧘ᢎ⢒ߩኾ㐷ኅߣߒߡᐜఽߣะ߈ว߁ߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߥ ⁁ᴫߢߞߚ㧚ੱߪࠬࠢߩ⼂ࠍߢ߈ߥߎ ߣߢਇ߇↢ߓ㧘ㆊߥⴕേࠍߣࠆ႐㕙߽ዋߥߊߥ 7) 㧚ᢎຬ߽ߘߩ⁁ᘒߢߞߚߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ㧚╩⠪ߩ㑐 ࠊࠆᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߢߪ㧘 ̌᳇ߦߥࠆሶ̍ߦኻߒ㧘ᯏ⢻߿㓚ኂ ࠍℂ⸃ߒᡰេᣇᴺࠍ⠨߃ߡߊᵹࠇ߇ᒝߊ㧘ᢎຬ B ߽ ߹ߚߎߩⅣႺߩਛߢ㧘ᢎຬߣߒߡᐜఽߣะ߈ว߁ߎߣ ߇ߢ߈ߥᬺ⊛ਇᱜ 8㧕ߥ⁁ᴫߢߞߚߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇ ࠆ㧚 ᢎຬ B ߇ᐜఽߩᬺߦὶὐࠍᒰߡ㧘ߘߩታߦะߌ ߡ㗴⸃ߦෳടߒߡߌࠆࠛࡦࡄࡢࡔࡦ࠻ 8㧕ࠍน ⢻ߦߔࠆߚߦߪ㧘Ԙೋᦼߦ OT ߣᢎຬ B ߇ห╬ ߥࡄ࠻࠽ߢࠆߣ߁┙႐ࠍ⏕ߦߔࠆߎߣ㧘ԙ ᢎຬ B ߩᬺࠍ⡬ߔࠆߎߣ㧘Ԛᢎຬ B ߇⥄ಽߩᬺ ࠍ಄㕒ߦㆬᛯߢ߈ࠆߎߣ㧘ԛOT ߆ࠄߩᖱႎߦኻߒ㧘 ⷫߒߺ߿ᚲᗵࠍᜬߡࠆߎߣ߇㊀ⷐߢߞߚ㧚 એߩ⚻ㆊࠍ߰߹߃㧘ᢎຬ B ߣߩද⊛ߥᖱႎ ߩᣇߦߟߡ⠨ኤߔࠆ㧚 㧝㧚 ̌ή⍮ߩ⍮̍ߩᆫߢᖱႎࠍฃߌขࠆ ࿁ OT ߪ㧘ߪߓߩ COPM ⹏ଔߩᲑ㓏ߢ㧘ᢎຬ B ߩᗧᕁቯࠍዅ㊀ߔࠆᆫߩਛߢ㧘OT ߣᢎຬ B ߇ห ╬ߥࡄ࠻࠽ߢࠆߣ߁┙႐ࠍℂ⸃ߒߡ߽ࠄ߁ࠃ ߁ദߚ㧚ߘߩ⚿ᨐ㧘ฃߌり⊛ߢߞߚᢎຬ B ߪ㧘⥄ り߇ታߒߡ߈ߚ A ำߩᬺߦߟߡ⺆ࠆᆫ߇ ߢ߈ߚ㧚OT ߪ㧘ᢎຬ B ߇ A ำߦᦼᓙߔࠆᬺߣߘߩ ᗧࠍ⥄↱ߦ⠨߃⏕ߦߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁㧘 ߗߥޟ㗴ߣᗵߓ ࠆߩ߆ޠ ߡߞߥ߁ߤޟ᰼ߒߣ㗿ߞߡࠆߩ߆ߤߥޠ⡞ ߡࠆ㧚ߎࠇߪ㧘ᢎຬ B ߩ A ำߣะ߈ว߁ߣ߁ߎ ߣߦߟߡߣߞ߽ޟᷓߊ⍮ࠅߚ߁ߣޠ㧘ᢎ߃ߡ߽ ࠄ߁ᆫߢߞߚߣᗵߓࠆ㧚╩⠪⥄り㧘ᐲ߆⚻㛎ߒ ߚ⋭ὐߢ߽ࠆ߇㧘߃߫ޟ㒰߇ᚻߊ᧪ߥޠ ߣ߁ᬺㆀⴕߦ㑐ߔࠆ㗴߇ࠆߣ㧘 ޡᚻ㗅ߩㅢߒ ߇┙ߡࠄࠇߥ߆߽ߒࠇߥޢ ޡ㒰એᄖߦᵈᗧ߇ะߊ ߎߣ߇ࠆߩ߆߽ߒࠇߥ⸃ߩߘߣޢߦකቇ⊛⍮⼂ ߇వⴕߒ㧘ᧄ᧪ߩࠢࠗࠛࡦ࠻ߩᬺߣߘߩᗧࠍච ಽℂ⸃ߒߥ߹߹㧘ߦߞߡߒ߹߁ᕟࠇ߇ࠆ㧚 A ำߩᬺߦኻߔࠆᢎຬ B ߩᗐߦኻߒή⍮ߢࠆߎ ߣࠍ⥄ⷡߒ㧘ᢎ߃ߡ߽ࠄ߁ߣ߁ޟή⍮ߩᆫ 9)߇ޠ㧘 ᧄᒰߦ㗿߁ᬺߦߟߡᢎຬ B ߇⺆ࠆߎߣࠍഥߌ㧘ߐ ࠄߦᢎຬ B ߇ᢎ⢒ߩኾ㐷ኅߢࠆߣ߁┙ߜ⟎ࠍዅ ㊀ߐࠇࠆߎߣߢ㧘OT ߣࠃࠅ⦟ࡄ࠻࠽ࠪ࠶ࡊࠍ ᜬߟߎߣߦߟߥ߇ߞߚߣ⠨߃ࠆ㧚 㧞㧚ᚲᗵࠍ↢ߺߛߔᖱႎࠍឭଏߔࠆ ᢎຬ B ߪ㧘කቇ⊛ᖱႎߩᓇ㗀ࠍฃߌ㧘A ำߦኻߒߘ ߩሶߩ㓚ኂ․ᕈߦวࠊߖߚᡰេᣇᴺࠍߒߥߊߡߪߌ ߥߣᕁㄟߺ㧘ᢎຬߣߒߡߩኾ㐷⊛ߥ⢻ജࠍ⊒ើߔ ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߥ⁁ᴫߢߞߚ㧚ߎࠇߪᢎຬߣߒߡߩ ᬺ⇹ᄖ 10㧕ߩ⁁ᘒߦߞߚߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ㧚ᢎຬ B ߪ ⋡ߩ೨ߩ㗴ߦኻߒ㧘 ޡA ำ߇ᐜ⒩ߩᵹࠇߦෳടߢ߈ ߥߩߪ⥄㐽∝ߩ․ᕈߥߩߢߪߥ߆ߣޢ㧘㗴ߦኻ ߒߘߩේ࿃ࠍ A ำ߹ߚߪᢎຬ⥄りߩౝㇱߦߡߚ㧚 ߎߩࠃ߁ߦ㧘᥉ㅢ㧘㗴ߪ㨬ౝൻ 9)㨭ߐࠇࠆะߦ ࠆ㧚․ߦකቇ߿ᔃℂቇߥߤߩኾ㐷ኅߩࡕ࠺࡞ߪౝൻ ߔࠆࠃ߁ߢ߈ߡ߅ࠅ 11)㧘ᢎຬߪߘ߁ߞߚኾ㐷ኅߩࡕ ࠺࡞ߩᓇ㗀ࠍฃߌ㧘㗴ߩේ࿃ࠍ⠨߃ࠆⅣႺߦߞߚ ߣ߃ࠆ㧚ߘߒߡᢎຬ B ߪ㗴ߦኻߒ㧘ᚻߦ⽶߃ߥ ߣਇߛߌࠍᗵߓࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߡߞߚ㧚ߎߩ⁁ᘒߢ ߪ㧘ᢎຬ B ߪ߇㗴ߥߩ߆ࠍ⠨߃ࠆߎߣ߽ߢ߈ߥ ⁁ᴫߦ㒱ߞߡߚߣ⠨߃ࠆ㧚 ࿁ OT ߪᖱႎߩ㓙㧘A ำࠍਥੱ㧘ᢎຬ B ࠍ Ḱਥᓎߣߒ㧘A ำߩᬺߦὶὐࠍᒰߡߚ㗴ߦኻߒ㧘 ᢎຬ B ߣ A ำߦߤࠎߥ⁁ᴫ߇↢ߓߡࠆߩ߆ࠍ‛⺆㘑 - 49 － 49 － ߦ␜ߒߚ㧚ߘߩ⚿ᨐ㧘㗴ߘߩ߽ߩࠍᄖൻ 9)ߐߖ㧘 㗴ߣߘࠇߦኻߔࠆᓇ㗀ࠍಽ㔌ߐߖߚߣ߃ࠆ㧚߃ ߫㧘 ޡA ำ߇㒰ߦෳടߢ߈ߥ߁ߣޢ㗴ߦኻߒ㧘 ᢎຬ B ߇̌㆐ߣ A ำ߇ߦቇ߮วߞߡ᰼ߒ̍ߣ ߁ᢎຬߣߒߡᐜఽߦ㗿߁ᬺࠍᜬߡߕߦࠆߎߣ㧘 ߘߒߡ A ำ߇㧘 ̌߆หߓᬺࠍㅢߒߡ㆐ߣ㑐ࠊࠅ ߚ̍ߣ߁ A ำ⥄りߩߒߚᬺࠍߢ߈ߕߦࠆߎ ߣࠍ‛⺆ߣߒߡߔࠆߎߣߢ㧘ᢎຬ B ߪ߇㗴ߢ ߘࠇߦኻߔࠆᓇ㗀ߪߥߩ߆ߣ߁ߎߣࠍ಄㕒ߦ⍮ࠆ ߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߚߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ㧚ታ㓙ᢎຬ B ߪ㧘ⶄᢙߩේ ࿃߇⛊ߺว㧘ߤ߁ߒߡ߆ࠊ߆ࠄߕߦߚ㗴ߦ ኻߒ㧘⥄ಽ⥄り߇ߤࠎߥᓇ㗀ࠍฃߌ㧘A ำ߇ߤࠎߥᗐ ߢߘߩ㗴ߣะ߈วߞߡࠆߩ߆ߣ߁㧘ᣂߒⷞ ὐ߆ࠄ಄㕒ߦ㗴ࠍࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߚ㧚ߘߩߎߣߢ㧘 A ำߦߣߞߡᗧߩࠆᬺߣߒߡ৻ߩࡊ࡞ࠣޡຬ ߣߒߡ㒰ߦෳടߔࠆߎߣޢ ࠍขࠅ⚵ߺߚߣㆬᛯߒ㧘 ะ߈วߞߡߊജࠍᜬߡߚ㧚 㗴ࠍᄖൻߔࠆߎߣߢ㧘 ᢎຬߩ㗴ߦኻߔࠆⷞὐ߇ᄌ឵ߒ㧘㗴ߦขࠅ⚵ᆫ ߦᄌൻ߇↢ߓߚߩߢߪߥߛࠈ߁߆㧚ߘߩ⚿ᨐ㧘ᢎ ຬ߇⍮⼂ࠍᜬߜ㧘⥄ಽ߇ᢎ⢒ߩኾ㐷ኅߣߒߡሶߤ߽ߩ ᬺ߇߁߹ߊߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦᡰេߢ߈ࠆߣ߁⥄ାࠍᜬ ߟߎߣߦߟߥ߇ࠅ㧘OT ߆ࠄߩᖱႎࠍฃߌࠇ߿ߊߔ ߒ㧘ߘߩᓟߩᵴ↪ߦߟߥ߇ߞߚߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ㧚 એ߆ࠄ㧘㗴ࠍቴⷰ⊛ߦฃߌᱛࠄࠇࠆࠃ߁ᖱႎ ࠍᄖൻߒ㧘ࠢࠗࠛࡦ࠻ߩ⍮⼂㧔ᢎຬ B ߩ႐วߪ㧘 ᢎຬߣߒߡߩኾ㐷⍮⼂㧕ߦ⛔วߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦྨߒߚ ᖱႎࠍឭଏߒߡߊߎߣߢ㧘OT ߆ࠄߩᖱႎ߇ࠢࠗ ࠛࡦ࠻⥄りߩ߽ߩߣᗵߓࠄࠇࠆᖱႎߦߥࠆ㧚ߘߒߡ㧘 ᚲᗵߩࠆᖱႎߢࠆ߆ࠄߎߘ㧘ߘߩᖱႎߦ⽿છࠍ ᜬߞߡ↪ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߚߣ⠨߃ࠆ㧚 㧟㧚ᬺ⊛ᱜ߳ዉߊߚߩ OT ߩᓎഀ OT ߩឭଏߔࠆᖱႎߪ㧘දߔࠆࡄ࠻࠽ߦߣߞ ߡฃߌࠇࠄࠇࠆ߽ߩߢߥߊߡߪ㧘߆ߦ⋉ߥᖱႎ ߢߞߡ߽ᗧࠍߥߐߥ㧚߃߫කቇ↪⺆ߪᢎຬߦ ߣߞߡℂ⸃߇㔍ߒ߇ߦ㧘කቇ↪⺆ߢ㗴߿⽎ࠍ ⺑ߒߚㅜ┵㧘ᢎຬߪ OT ߦᡰ㈩ߐࠇࠆ┙႐ߦ⟎߆ࠇ ߡߒ߹ߛࠈ߁ 12)㧚ℂ⸃ߐࠇ߿ߔౝኈߢࠆߎߣ߿㧘 ታ㓙ߩᐜఽߩ౮⌀ࠍࠇߡߩ⺑ߣߞߚᖱႎߦⷫߒ ߺࠍᜬߡࠆᎿᄦ㧘ߒߚᖱႎߦࡄ࠻࠽ߩฬ೨ࠍ ࠇࠆߥߤ㧘දߔࠆࡄ࠻࠽߇ᖱႎߦኻߒᚲᗵ ࠍᜬߟߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆᖱႎߩᎿᄦߪ㧘ࡄ࠻࠽߇ᖱႎ ࠍฃߌࠇ㧘⽿છࠍᜬߜ⥄↱ߦᵴ↪ߒߡߊߚߦ㊀ ⷐߢࠆߣ⠨߃ࠆ㧚ታ㓙㧘ᬺ⇹ᄖߩ⁁ᘒߢߞߚᢎ ຬ B ߽㧘ᢎຬߣߒߡ⥄りߣ A ำߦᗧࠆᬺߦ᳇ઃ ߈㧘ߘߩታߦะߌߡ OT ߩᖱႎࠍ⥄↱ߦ㧘ᡰេ ࠍ┙᩺㧘ታᣉߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߚ㧚ߎࠇߪᢎຬ B ߦߣߞ ߡ㧘ᢎຬߣߒߡߩᬺ⊛⇹ᄖ߆ࠄ⣕ළߢ߈ߚ᧪ߢ ߞߚ㧚Fiddler ࠄ 13)ߪᬺ⊛ᱜߦߟߡ̌ᬺ⊛ ᱜߪੱ߇␠ળߩਛߢᬺᓥࠍㆬᛯߒ㧘ࠦࡦ࠻ࡠ࡞ ߢ߈ࠆജ㊂⾗Ḯᯏળᮭࠍᜬߞߚᤨߦᬺ⊛ ᱜ߇ሽߔࠆ̍ߣㅀߴߡࠆ㧚ᢎຬ B ߩ႐ว߽㧘ᢎຬ ߣߒߡߩᬺ⊛⇹ᄖߩ⁁ᘒ߆ࠄᬺ⊛ᱜߩ⁁ᘒ߳ߣ ᄌൻߒߚ৻ߣ߃ࠆߩߢߪߥߛࠈ߁߆㧚ߟ߹ࠅ㧘 ᢎຬߩᛴ߃ࠆᐜఽߩᬺ⊛㗴ߦኻߒ㧘ᢎຬ⥄り߇ࠦ ࡦ࠻ࡠ࡞ߢ߈ࠆᖱႎࠍ OT ߇ឭଏߔࠆߣߞߚද ߩᣇ߇㧘ᬺ⇹ᄖߩ⁁ᘒ߆ࠄᢎຬ߇⣕ߒ㧘ᢎຬ߇ᧄ ᧪㗿ߞߡߚ⥄りߣᐜఽߦߣߞߡᗧߩࠆᬺࠍㆬ ᛯߒ㧘ߘߩታߦะߌߡ㗴⸃ߦෳടߒߡߌࠆ㧘 ᬺ⊛ᱜࠍዉߚߣ⠨߃ࠆ㧚දᬺߔࠆࡄ࠻࠽ߦ ߣߞߡᚲᗵߩࠆᖱႎឭଏߪ㧘ߘߩࡄ࠻࠽ߩ ᬺ⊛ᱜࠍଦ߇ߔߚߩ৻ᚻᲑߢࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇߚ㧚 ߅ࠊࠅߦ ࿁ OT ߪ㧘ࡄ࠻࠽ߢࠆᢎຬ⥄り߇ᐜఽߦᗵ ߓࠆ㗴ࠍ⸃ߔࠆߚߩജࠍᜬߡࠆࠃ߁㧘ࠛࡦࡄ ࡢࡔࡦ࠻ࠍᗧ⼂ߒߚขࠅ⚵ߺࠍⴕߥߞߚ㧚ᢎຬ߇ᧄ ᧪㗿ߞߡߚᐜఽߦߣߞߡᗧߩࠆᬺࠍㆬᛯߒ㧘 ߘߩታߦะߌߡᢎຬ⥄り߇㗴⸃ߦෳടߒߡߌ ࠆߚߦߪ㧘ೋᦼߦ OT ߣᢎຬ߇ห╬ߥࡄ࠻ ࠽ߢࠆߣ߁┙႐ࠍ⏕ߦߔࠆߎߣ㧘ᐜఽߦᦼᓙ ߔࠆᢎຬߩᬺ߳ߩᗐߦኻߒή⍮ߩᆫߢ⡬ߊߎߣ㧘 ᢎຬ߇⥄ಽߩᬺࠍ಄㕒ߦㆬᛯߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁㗴ࠍᄖ ൻߔࠆߎߣ㧘ߐࠄߦ OT ߆ࠄߩᖱႎߦኻߒߡⷫߒߺ߿ ᚲᗵࠍᜬߡࠆߥߤ㧘 ᖱႎឭଏߩᎿᄦ߇㊀ⷐߢߞߚ㧚 ߎߩᢎຬߣߩ㑐ࠊࠅࠍㅢߒߡ㧘දߒᬺߩน⢻ൻࠍ ⋡ᜰߔߦߪ㧘දߔࠆࡄ࠻࠽ߩᬺ⊛ᱜࠍଦߔ ߎߣ߇㊀ⷐߢࠅ㧘ߘߩ৻ᚻᲑߣߒߡ㧘ࡄ࠻࠽ߦ ߣߞߡᚲᗵߩࠆᖱႎࠍ OT ߇ឭଏߔࠆᔅⷐᕈࠍቇ ࠎߛ㧚 ᧄ⎇ⓥߩ⎇ⓥ⸘↹ߪ㑐⑼ቇᄢቇߩ୶ℂᆔຬળ ߩ୶ℂክᩏߢᛚߐࠇߚ㧚ߥ߅㧘࿁ߩ 2 ᐕ㑆ߩᵴേ ߇ࠄࠇ㧘ᐔᚑ 23 ᐕᐲ㧔ᐕᐲ㧕߆ࠄ㊄ᱞ↸ᢎ⢒ᆔ ຬળߩ․ᡰេᢎ⢒ᬺߩ৻Ⅳߣߒߡ㧘ၞߩㅢᏱᐜ ⒩ዊቇᩞߦᎼ࿁⋧⺣ࠍ 4 ࿁߅ߎߥ߁ߎߣߣߥࠅ㧘 ࡏࡦ࠹ࠖࠕᵴേ߆ࠄఘߩോ߳ߣᄌൻߒߚ㧚 2 ߟߩᐜ⒩ߣ 1 ߟߩዊቇᩞߦ⸰ߒߡ߅ࠅ㧘ฦቇᩞ ߚࠅㅳ 1 ࿁⒟ᐲ⸰ߒߡࠆ㧚 - 50 － 50 － ⻢ㄉ ᧄࡊࡠࠣࡓߦᓮℂ⸃ߣᓮදജߚߛߚ㧘ቇᩞ㐳㧘 ᢎຬ㧘߅ሶߐࠎ߮⼔⠪ߩᣇޘ㧘ߐࠄߦߎߩᵴേࠍ ᡰ߃ߡߊߛߐߞߚ℄ࡂࡆ࠹࡚ࠪࡦቇ㒮ߩ⊝᭽ ߦᷓߊᗵ⻢ߚߒ߹ߔ㧚 1) 2) 3) 4) ᢥ₂ Polatajko HJ㧔ศᎹ߭ࠈߺ⸶㧕 㧦ᬺ⑼ቇᬺ≮ ᴺߩᔅ㗇ⷐઙ㧚Townsend EA㧘Polatajko HJ㧔ศᎹ ߭ࠈߺ㧘ศ㊁⧷ሶ⋙⸶㧕㧦⛯ᬺ≮ᴺߩⷞὐ㧚 ᄢቇᢎ⢒ 㧘107㧘2011㧚 Canadian Association Occupaitional Therapists㧔ች೨ ⃨ሶ㧘ጊፒߖߟሶ⸶㧕㧦ᬺ≮ᴺߩਛᔃᔨ㧚 Canadian Association Occupaitional Therapists㧔ศᎹ ߭ࠈߺ⋙⸶㧕㧦ᬺ≮ᴺߩⷞὐ㧚ᄢቇᢎ⢒ 㧘 57-110㧘2000㧚 ખ㑆⍮Ⓞ㧘㈬߭ߣߺ㧦ᐜ⒩ᢎ⻀ߩᬺߩน⢻ ൻࠍ⋡ᜰߔද⊛ࠕࡊࡠ࠴㧚╙ 14 ࿁ᬺ⑼ቇ ࡒ࠽㧦26-27㧘2010㧚 Clark F. Ennevor BL, Richardson PL㧔⌀↱⟤ ⸶㧕㧦ᬺ⊛ࠬ࠻࠹ࡦࠣߣࠬ࠻ ࡔࠠࡦࠣߩߚߩ࠹ࠢ࠾࠶ࠢߩࠣ࠙ࡦ࠺࠶ ࠼ࠝ㧚Zemke R & Clark F㧔⮮⋙⸶㧕 㧦 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) 10) 11) 12) 13) ᬺ⑼ቇ㧚ਃベᦠᐫ㧘407-430㧘1999㧚 Fisher AG㧘Bryze K㧘Hume V㧘Griswold L㧦School AMPS School Version of the Assessment of Motor and Process Skill 2nd Edition 㧘129㧘2007㧚 Law M, Baptiste S 㧔ศᎹ߭ࠈߺ⸶㧕 㧦COPM ╙ 4 㧚 ᄢቇᢎ⢒ 㧘68㧘2007㧘 ችญ⧷᮸㧦⥃ᐥߦᵴ߆ߔࠬࠢࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡚ࠪ ࡦΣ㧚ᬺ≮ᴺࠫࡖ࠽࡞㧘44㧘49-53㧘2010. ศᎹ߭ࠈߺ㧔⪺㧕 㧦 ޟᬺߡߞޠߛࠈ߁㧚කᱤ⮎ ᩣᑼળ␠㧘70㧘92㧘2008. ㊁ญੑ㧦‛⺆ߣߒߡߩࠤࠕ ࠽࠹ࠖࡧࠕࡊ ࡠ࠴ߩ⇇߳㧚කቇᦠ㒮㧘70-106㧘2002. 1)ߣห 107-113 ㊁ญੑ㧦࠽࠹ࠖࡉࠕࡊࡠ࠴ߣߪ߆㧚 ᬺⴕേ⎇ⓥ㧘╙ 9 Ꮞ㧦1-10㧘2006㧚 Sumsion T㧔ਅቁᄦ㧘⍹㒝ᥓᄹ⟤⸶㧕 㧦ታ〣ߩ 㗴㧚Sumsion T㧔↰┵ᐘᨑ㧘ਅቁᄦ㧘ㄭ⮮ᢅ㧘 ጊ↰ᄢ⽕㧘ศᎹ߭ࠈߺઁ⸶㧕 㧦 ࠻ࡦࠛࠗࠢޟਛ ᔃޠᬺ≮ᴺߩታ〣㧚දหකᦠ ␠㧘27-31㧘2001㧚 Fiddler A, Peerla D 㧦 The Kitchenuhmaykoosib Inninuwug and the Struggle for the Right to Say No㧚 Journal of Occupational Science, 16(1), 10-11㧘 2009. Collaborative approach with kindergarten teacher that aims at enabling occupation ~Focusing on information handling by occupational therapist~ Chiho Nakama 1), Hitomi Sakai 2) 1) Ryukyu Rehabilitation Academy 2) Kansai University of Welfare Sciences This research paper is for reviewing the case work that I involved as a volunteer Occupational Therapist (OT) and supported a local kindergarten teacher and conducted a study of focusing on the information handling. Conscious effort of OT in this case was to develop the teacher’s empowerment and enhanced her ability to resolve the problem that with the student. To make this happen, the teacher must select the meaningful occupation for the student. Properly handle of information was the important factor in order for the teacher to participate in problem resolving. Furthermore, clarify the position equivalency between OT and the teacher within early intervention, listen the teacher’s expectations with student in simple minds, assist the teacher with externalizing the problem and enables her to select the meaningful occupation in composure manner. Additionally when providing information, make sure with familiarity, specify its ownership and characterized by the ingenuity. Key words: empowerment, information handling, client-centred, collaboration 51－－ -51