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ACL 2016 参加報告

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ACL 2016 参加報告
ACL 2016 参加報告
~ 会議概要と研究傾向分析 ~
笹野遼平(東工大)
Contents
• ACL 2016 について
• 投稿/査読等に関する詳細
• 採択論文の傾向
2016/09/09
ACL2016参加報告(笹野)
2
ACLとは
• The annual meeting of the
Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL)
– 計算言語学(CL)・自然言語処理(NLP)分野のトップ会議
(個人的印象: [ ACL ≥ NAACL = EMNLP ] > COLING = EACL > IJCNLP > …)
• 1963年より毎年開催で今年は54回目
– 1968年までの名称はThe Association for Machine Translation and
Computational Linguistics (AMTCL)
– 開催時期は例年6月~8月
• 開催地は、欧州→北米→アジア/オセアニアで巡回
– Sofia’13 → Baltimore’14 → Beijing’15 →
– Berlin’16 → Vancouver’17 → Melbourne’18 → …
2016/09/09
ACL2016参加報告(笹野)
3
• 開催期間
ACL 2016の概要
– August 7-12, 2016 (本会議: August 8-10)
• 開催場所
– 口頭発表: Humboldt University, Berlin
– ポスター: Maritim proArte Hotel, Berlin
• 規模 (=過去最大)
– 参加者数: 1500人以上
– 発表論文: 354 (long:231 + short:97 + TACL:25)
2016/09/09
ACL2016参加報告(笹野)
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Berlin, Germany
東京
2016/09/09
ACL2016参加報告(笹野)
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Humboldt University @ Berlin
Berlin Tegel Airport
2016/09/09
Humboldt University
ACL2016参加報告(笹野)
6
Humboldt University
2016/09/09
ACL2016参加報告(笹野)
7
本会議1日目のスケジュール
8:45-9:00
9:00-10:10
10:10-10:40
Opening Session (Audimax + Kinosaal)
Invited talk I: Amber Boydstun (Audimax + Kinosaal)
Coffee Break
Session 1A: Session 1B: Session 1C: Session 1D:
Session 1F:
Session 1E:
Semantic Information Machine
Word
Noncomposi
10:40-12:00
Parsing I
Parsing I Extraction Translation I Meaning I
tionality
2094
Audimax
Kinosaal
2002
3038
2091
12:00-13:40
Lunch Break
Session 2A: Session 2B: Session 2C:
Session 2E: Session 2F:
Session 2D:
Word
Events and Sentiment
Information Phonoly and
13:40-15:00
Parsing II
7並列!
Vectors I
Schemas
Analysis
Retrieval Morphology
3038
Audimax
Kinosaal
2002
2094
2091
15:00-15:30
Coffee Break
Session 3A: Session 3B:
Session 3F:
Session 3C: Session 3D: Session 3E:
Session 3G:
Question
Sentence
Entities and
15:30-17:10
Parsing III
Dialog
Generation
Topics
Answering I Vectors
Coreference
2002
3038
2094
2097
Audimax
Kinosaal
2091
18:00-21:00 Poster Session I, Demo Session A, Student Research Workshop, and Dinner (Maritim Hotel)
3時間!
2016/09/09
ACL2016参加報告(笹野)
8
本会議2日目のスケジュール
9:00-10:10
10:10-10:40
Invited talk II: Mark Steedman (Audimax + Kinosaal)
Coffee Break
Session 4A:
Session 4B: Session 4C: Session 4D:
Session 4F:
Relations and
Session 4E:
Semantic
Word
Tasks and
Document
10:40-12:00 Knowledge
Parsing IV
Parsing II
Meaning II
Datasets
Analysis
Bases
2094
Kinosaal
2002
3038
2091
Audimax
12:00-13:40
Lunch Break
Session 5B:
Session 5A:
Session 5C: Session 5D:
Semantics
Session 5E:
Deep
Machine
Text
and
Potpourri I
13:40-15:00 Learning
Translation II Classification
Generation
(short)
(short)
(short)
(short)
(short)
2094
Audimax
2002
3038
Kinosaal
15:00-15:30
Coffee Break
Session 6A: Session 6B: Session 6C:
Session 6E: Session 6F: Session 6G:
Session 6D:
Machine Word Vectors Machine
Language Summarizati
Learner
15:30-17:10
Discourse
Learning
II
Translation III
and Vision
on
Language
3038
Audimax
Kinosaal
2002
2094
2091
2097
17:30-19:00
Poster Session II, Demo Session B, and Dinner (Maritim Hotel)
19:00-23:00
Boat Cruise
2016/09/09
1.5時間
ACL2016参加報告(笹野)
3時間!
9
本会議3日目のスケジュール
9:00-09:40
9:40-10:10
10:10-11:50
11:50-13:30
ACL President's Talk (Audimax + Kinosaal)
Session 7A:
Outstanding
Papers I
Audimax
15:30-17:00
17:00-19:00
2016/09/09
Outstanding Paper Session
5本×2=10本(他に1日目に1本)
Lunch Break
ACL Business Meeting (open to all)
Audimax
13:30-15:00
15:00-15:30
Session 7B:
Outstanding
Papers II
Kinosaal
Coffee Break
Session 8A:
Question
Answering II
(short)
Audimax
Coffee Break
Session 8B:
Word Vectors III
(short)
Kinosaal
Session 8C:
Topics and
Discourse
(short)
2002
Session 8D:
Syntax and
Morphology
(short)
3038
Session 8E:
Potpourri II
(short)
2094
Awards and Closing Session (Audimax + Kinosaal)
ACL2016参加報告(笹野)
10
Contents
• ACL 2016 について
• 投稿/査読等に関する詳細
• 採択論文の傾向
2016/09/09
ACL2016参加報告(笹野)
11
Innovations (Katrin Erk and Noah Smith)
https://www.aclweb.org/adminwiki/index.php?title=2016Q3_Reports:_Program_Chairs
1. Best Paper以外にOutstanding Paperを選出
2. Longの発表を20分から15分に短縮(+質疑5分)
3. 投稿時に任意の長さのAppendixが追加可能に
4. Area Chairによるメタレビューを導入
5. Short Paperの締め切りがLong Paperより先
6. 投稿時のArea(分野)にOtherを新設
2016/09/09
ACL2016参加報告(笹野)
12
論文投稿関連のスケジュール
日付
February 29, 2016
イベント
Deadline for short paper submission
(Mar 2, 2016 Notification of NAACL 2016)
March 18, 2016
Deadline for long paper submission
April 15, 2016
Notification of acceptance for short paper
May 24, 2016
Notification of acceptance for long paper
August 7–11, 2016
Conference
2016/09/09
ACL2016参加報告(笹野)
13
採択率と変動(=Longのみ)
• Short Paper: 19.9% (投稿数: 463, 採択数: 92)
• Long Paper : 28.0% (投稿数: 825, 採択数: 231)
900
800
30%
過去最多!
25%
700
20%
600
500
15%
400
300
200
10%
過去最多!
5%
100
0
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
投稿数
2016/09/09
かなり高め
0%
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
採択率
採択数
ACL2016参加報告(笹野)
14
AREA
AREAごとの分析(Short+Long)
Semantics
SemanticsのLongの採択率:
37.7% (43/114) ⇔ short:19.7%
Information Extraction, Question Answering, and Text Mining
Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining
Document Analysis
Machine Translation
180
56
31.1%
17.1%
105
12
11.4%
3.7%
投稿数 採択数 採択率 割合
170
102
94
Tagging, Chunking, Syntax, and Parsing
81
Machine Learning
68
Social Media
69
Resources and Evaluation
65
Discourse and Pragmatics
60
Other
61
Summarization
その他7AREA
total
2016/09/09
48
Cognitive Modeling and Psycholinguisticsの
Longの採択率: 41.2% (7/17) ⇔ short:12.5%
ACL2016参加報告(笹野)
185
1288
36
21
24
27
14
21
23
15
19
7
53
328
21.2%
20.6%
25.5%
11.0%
6.4%
7.3%
33.3%
8.2%
30.9%
6.4%
20.3%
4.3%
35.4%
7.0%
31.7%
5.8%
24.6%
14.6%
28.7%
4.6%
2.1%
16.1%
25.5% 100.0%
15
Contents
• ACL 2016 について
• 投稿/査読等に関する詳細
• 採択論文の傾向
2016/09/09
ACL2016参加報告(笹野)
16
タイトルに頻出する内容語
10: language model
7: tppic model
10: word embedding
6: word segmentation
5: word representation
miningをタイトルに
含む論文は4本、
text miningは0本
2016/09/09
ACL 2016
順位 内容語
1learning
2model
3neural
4word
5language
6network
7embedding
8translation
9machine
10semantic
11representation
12parsing
13text
14topic
15question
16relation
17detection
18classification
19dependency
20deep
割合
15.2%
14.6%
14.0%
12.2%
9.5%
9.2%
8.2%
7.9%
7.3%
7.0%
7.0%
6.7%
5.8%
4.6%
4.3%
4.0%
4.0%
4.0%
3.4%
3.4%
ACL2016参加報告(笹野)
5: representation learning
21: neural network
11: neural machine
6: recurrent neural
5: deep neural
(?) machine translation
11: (?) = neural
4: (?) = statistical
17
NAACL/EMNLPとの比較
NAACL 2016
順位 内容語
1neural
2learning
3network
4translation
5word
6embedding
7model
8machine
9language
10feature
11classification
12recurrent
13semantic
14sentence
15extraction
16text
17representation
18parsing
19multilingual
20unsupervised
2016/09/09
割合
20.4%
13.8%
13.3%
11.6%
11.1%
10.5%
9.9%
8.8%
8.3%
8.3%
7.2%
6.6%
5.5%
5.0%
5.0%
4.4%
4.4%
4.4%
4.4%
3.9%
ACL 2016
順位 内容語
1learning
2model
3neural
4word
5language
6network
7embedding
8translation
9machine
10semantic
11representation
12parsing
13text
14topic
15question
16relation
17detection
18classification
19dependency
20deep
EMNLP 2016
割合
15.2%
14.6%
14.0%
12.2%
9.5%
9.2%
8.2%
7.9%
7.3%
7.0%
7.0%
6.7%
5.8%
4.6%
4.3%
4.0%
4.0%
4.0%
3.4%
3.4%
ACL2016参加報告(笹野)
順位 内容語
1neural
2learning
3model
4network
5language
6semantic
7parsing
8embedding
9translation
10word
11text
12machine
13question
14sentence
15generation
16sentiment
17extraction
18classification
19relation
20evaluation
割合
21.1%
12.8%
12.4%
10.5%
9.4%
8.7%
7.5%
7.5%
7.1%
6.8%
6.8%
6.4%
5.3%
4.9%
4.9%
4.5%
4.5%
4.5%
4.1%
3.8%
18
Outstanding Papers
•
Long: 9本 (825の1.1%)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
•
Danqi Chen, Jason Bolton and Christopher D. Manning: A Thorough Examination of the CNN/Daily Mail
Reading Comprehension Task
Sida I. Wang, Percy Liang and Christopher D. Manning: Learning Language Games through Interaction
E.Dario Gutierrez, Roger Levy and Benjamin Bergen: Finding Non-Arbitrary Form-Meaning Systematicity
Using String-Metric Learning for Kernel Regression
Best Paper
Vered Shwartz, Yoav Goldberg and Ido Dagan: Improving Hypernymy Detection with an Integrated Pathbased and Distributional Method
Julian Hitschler, Shigehiko Schamoni and Stefan Riezler: Multimodal Pivots for Image Caption Translation
Zhiting Hu, Xuezhe Ma, Zhengzhong Liu, Eduard Hovy and Eric Xing: Harnessing Deep Neural Networks
with Logic Rules
Fermin Moscoso del Prado Martin and Christian Brendel: Case and Cause in Icelandic: Reconstructing
Causal Networks of Cascaded Language Changes
Pei-Hao Su, Milica Gasic, Nikola Mrkšić, Lina M. Rojas Barahona, Stefan Ultes, David Vandyke, TsungHsien Wen and Steve Young: On-line Active Reward Learning for Policy Optimisation in Spoken Dialogue
Systems
Best Student Paper
Daniel Andor, Chris Alberti, David Weiss, Aliaksei Severyn, Alessandro Presta, Kuzman Ganchev, Slav
Petrov and Michael Collins: Globally Normalized Transition-Based Neural Networks
Short 2本 (463の0.4%)
1.
2.
2016/09/09
Daniël de Kok and Erhard Hinrichs: Transition-based dependency parsing with topological fields
Kim Anh Nguyen, Sabine Schulte im Walde and Ngoc Thang Vu: Integrating Distributional Lexical Contrast
into Word Embeddings for Antonym-Synonym Distinction
ACL2016参加報告(笹野)
19
1. A Thorough Examination of the CNN/Daily
Mail Reading Comprehension Task
• Danqi Chen, Jason Bolton and
Christopher D. Manning:
– 最高精度を実現しているが論文の主目的は
問題の分析: 共参照が絡む問題がまだ難しい
2016/09/09
ACL2016参加報告(笹野)
20
2. Learning Language Games
through Interaction
• Sida I. Wang, Percy Liang and
Christopher D. Manning:
2016/09/09
ACL2016参加報告(笹野)
21
3. Finding Non-Arbitrary Form-Meaning Systematicity
Using String-Metric Learning for Kernel Regression
• 今回のBest Paper
• 著者: E.Dario Gutierrez, Roger Levy and Benjamin Bergen
cf. Literal and Metaphorical Senses in Compositional Distributional Semantic Models
• トピック: 言語の恣意性(の否定的な立場の検証)
– 犬を"dog"と呼ぶことには必然性はない
– しかし、まったく言葉の形状と意味に関係がないわけではない
• 手法: String-Metric Learning for Kenel Regression
– 意味的類似度(by SkipGram)を再現するようにWeighted Edit
Distance を学習し検証
• 結論: 語の形状と意味間には従来示されているよりも強い関係
2016/09/09
ACL2016参加報告(笹野)
22
4. Improving Hypernymy Detection with an
Integrated Path-based and Distributional Method
• Vered Shwartz, Yoav Goldberg and Ido Dagan:
– 上位下位関係の検出: Actor => Tom Cruise
– Path-basedの手法をRNNで高性能化
– Path-basedな手法をDistributionalな手法を
組み合わせ現状の最高精度を大幅に更新
2016/09/09
ACL2016参加報告(笹野)
23
5. Multimodal Pivots
for Image Caption Translation
• Julian Hitschler,
Shigehiko Schamoni
and Stefan Riezler:
– 画像のキャプションの翻訳に
おいて、目的言語のキャプ
ションが付与された類似画像
を利用することで精度向上
2016/09/09
ACL2016参加報告(笹野)
24
9. Globally Normalized
Transition-Based Neural Networks
• Daniel Andor, Chris Alberti, David Weiss, Aliaksei
Severyn, Alessandro Presta, Kuzman Ganchev, Slav
Petrov and Michael Collins:
– 今年5月にGoogleが公開した高性能な依存構造
解析器SyntaxNet関連の論文
– Transition-basedのニューラルネットで依存構造解析
だけでなく、品詞タグ付け、文圧縮でも 最高精度
2016/09/09
ACL2016参加報告(笹野)
25
まとめ
• ACL2016における新たな試み
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Best Paper以外にOutstanding Paperを選出
Longの発表を20分から15分に短縮(+質疑5分)
投稿時に任意の長さのAppendixが追加可能に
Area Chairによるメタレビューを導入
Short Paperの締め切りがLong Paperより前に
投稿時のArea(分野)にOtherを新設
• 過去最大のACL
– 参加者数: 1500人以上
– 発表論文: 354本 (long + short + TACL)
– 特に女性の登壇者が多かった印象
2016/09/09
ACL2016参加報告(笹野)
26
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