「あわれみ、 Q悲」 を表す中英語語Q についての 考察

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ῌ 79 ῌ
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ῌ 80 ῌ
V 13 ! (A, C, N) "#$%&'())*ΐ+
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Marherete 234 SM5 67 Seinte Iuliene 234 SJ5 3 089:";
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Royal
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! 234 R5 6
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1.
Christian Kay " director lmn.opVA1( Historical The-
saurus of English 234 HTE5 qr!stu.vwxA1(.
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Dictionary5 }~€< HTE Online l‚ƒ„…†‡.ˆ
‰xA1(/ WŠ‹NDŒAX "Ž' Pity/compassion 1
O‘’S“ῐxA1 …” OE UV ModE Œ•ῌ1VA
130 –|— 2˜5 .]™š›xA1(/ )AV”UV œžŸ ¡VA( WŠ‹X ¢£ mercy …ῐ¤“¥"%Y
'(/ mercy ¢£4¦'(6 25 §5 W῏D(¨UV©VA(ª
«N«¬ 2!῍…A­l®1¨¯l5X D œ W°UV9*
±²ῒ῔Nª«X "³lῌ1VA( (OED s.v. “mercy”)/ WŠ‹X ¢£ mercy …ῐ¤Ž}"%´'( ῐ¤™6(“¥.†
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OE )¢£ῌ1VA1¼
ῌ 81 ῌ
arfæstnes (OE)
liss (OE)
li¿ (OE)
(ge)miltsung (OE)
mildheartnessmildheortnes (OEῌa 1300)
milcemilts(OEῌc1330)
orear(OEῌa1500)
13 1200 mildheartlaik, (c1200)
are (c1200ῌc1320)
pity (c1225ῌ1613)
mercy (a1225)
grace (1297ῌ1867)
milth (1300 (2))
milthness (a1300)
oil of mercy (a1300ῌ1657)
14 piety (a1310ῌ1606)
misericord (a1315ῌ17051922)
blithe (c1325ῌc1400)
milcefulness (c1330)
oil of charity (a1340)
miseration (1382ῌ1638)
piteousness (1390ῌ1608)
misericordy (c1400ῌ1491)
15 mild (c1430ῌ1576)
mildfulness (1489)
ῌ 82 ῌ
mildhede (1489)
clemence (1490ῌ1596)
16 mercifulness (1526)
clemency (1553)
pardon (1555)
pitifulness (1557)
AW KG !"# $
%&'
()*+, -./01
23$4%5
$ 1 KGOAW > !"# $%
KG
MS
AW
Bodley Royal Titus (SK) Corpus Cleopatra Nero Vernon
Total
milce (OE)
ore/ar(e) (OE)
mildheortnesse (OE)
mildeschipe (OE)
merci (OF)
pity (OF)
grace (OF)
misericorde (OF)
charite (OF)
9
0
0
1
8
0
0
0
0
7
0
0
1
8
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
9
12
1
0
13
0
0
2
0
8
9
0
1
12
0
0
0
0
8
10
1
0
14
1
0
0
0
1
4
1
0
17
0
1
2
1
26
35
3
1
56
1
1
4
1
reowWe (ON su$x)
reowfulnesse (OE)
3
0
3
0
0
0
11
1
7
1
8
1
8
0
34
3
21
19
2
49
38
45
33
Total
6$7 mildheortnesse, mildeschipe A33r09 /89:%;
3 )*<=>?@ MED mercy '9AB
C' DAE tenderness /FCG
?5 H grace, charite *I8J KLM# KN# %/FC' 14 Vernon )* merci 9:%<=
ῌ 83 ῌ
1 reoWe,
reowfulnesse !" KG, AW #$%& '()* merci !!+,
-./0 HTE Online 12! 34 '
5678
9:1;<
. 2 678
9:4)
milce (OE)
ore/ar(e) (OE)
mildheortnesse (OE)
mildeschipe (OE)
merci (OF)
pity (OF)
grace (OF)
misericorde (OF)
reowfe (ON su#.)
reowfulnesse (OE)
OE cῌῌῌῌῌῌῌd a1300
OE cῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌd 1500
OE cῌῌῌῌῌῌῌd a1300
a1225 cῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌd a1400
a1225 cῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌ
1225 cῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌd 1613
1295 cῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌd 1867
a1315 cῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌd 1705
c1175 cῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌ archaic in ModE
a1225 cῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌd c1557
2. ῐῑ῏῍ῌ῎
2.1
milce
. 2 =9=
8> milce OE ?7=
@ABC
0D !E OED F “Mercy, clemency, forbearance, favour.”
3
(milce 1.) 2!2! OE G '
H
I3J!> (Bosworth-Toller, Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, milts I.)
ME !K ore, grace, merci !L milce and ore, milce and merci
MN8>M01OPQ
!"=J (cf. MED
milce 1. (b)) 14 RSTUVWNMKMJ
2.2
ore/ar(e)
ore 2 milce !%X OE @ABC0YZ03
OED
8E[ esteem, regard, respect \]^ _`a 3b =
῍ 84 ῍
honour reverence, respect favour mercy, help (OED ore) ME !"#$%&' de grace ()*+, thin ore -./
01234!567+ 8 2.1 !9: ;<' merci, milts and !=>+4!?567+ @ ore 1 merci ;<A56
,B" ME CDEFG7HIFJK ME !LMNE5OPI,
Q 16 RSTU"V5NEF6,
2.3
mildheortnesse
OED +> mildheartness "WX!"V5NEF6, $Y%'
misericord ZE['\]*+ OE G7 1400 ^GF 4 B_*
+F6,`!a, MED !" 12῍13 RSGFb Bc5*+
F6, 1250 ^d" 1400 ^ Northern Verse Psalter G7 2 B`
!a, V ef 1380῍1400 ^ g7+, mildheaortnesse 1 B 2 1
hi " @jk5Bl1kNm?N,
2.4
mildeshipe
WX"V5!a, no'C 1225῍1400 ^lpqrs
tuv5Bg7+,'!a, ?"wxy mild 8"y milce
z{| -ship }I7+['!a,6 (OED s.v. mildship, MED
s.v. mildeshipe) f~€!" KG2 B (SM B22v13, R42r10), AW 1 B
C ef g7+, 6+?‚ƒB ? „
…* (gentleness) 13,?†I‡,B!a, ˆo'‰Š‹Œ
Žef$‘’Y“&”’•–&– B P'G7 AB P' —˜ῌ™
Jš Kubouchi and Ikegami (2005) Kc53,
(1) SM
(B›Bodley, R›Royal, r›recto, v›verso, /›the end of the
line)
B 22v12῍3, R 42r09῍10
ῌ 85 ῌ
B
lowse / me lauerd ut of ¿e liunes muW & mi meoke mild/
schipe
R
leo’w’se me lauerd ut of / ¿e liunes muW . ant mi meoke mildschipe
ModE: Release me, Lord, out of the lion’s mouth, and my mild
meekness (from the horns of the unicorns.) Savage and Watson 292)
(2) AW (bsecond column)
A 33r08῍9, V 377rb65῍6
A
Sone se he / leoseW mildheortnesse
C
sone se he leoseW mildeschipe
mildeschipe.
N
so sone so he his mildheort-/nesse vorleoseW
V
Sone so he leue¿ myldehert-/nesse
;
;
;
(ModE: As soon as he loses mildheartedness, (White 61))
2.5
merci
mercy !"# $ %&&"'()*+,
-"./"0 1+ OED "234567
I. Senses relating to clemency or compassion.
1.a. Clemency and compassion shown to a person who is in a position
of powerless or subjection, or to a person with no right to claim to
receive kindness; kind and compassionate treatment in a case where
severity is merited or expected, esp. in giving legal judgment or
passing sentences.
b. spec. Forbearance, compassion, or forgiveness shown by God ( or a
god) to sinful humanity, or to a particular person or soul.
89 :;<=>8 (OF) merci, mercit favour, mercy,
ῌ 86 ῌ
thanks mercēdem, mercēs (ML) !"#$
%& '( mercy )*"+, OED
-./012 HTM Online, OED, MED 3456 1225 7 8
69:;<+=+ MED 45>6 “Lauerd, have merci of us” (Lambeth Homilies (a1225 (? late OE))) ?@ 9:A
B6
C thanks D+E "F"F G, "= 6HE=+ . mercy A
B merci I/
86JKL+
2.6
pity
pity 3 ME A
BMN pietās OA
B
pité PG 8E.QGNEE3 R4 pite SG
TU D+E=+ 9:686HD
OED 6VWX,YZ=+[
I.1. The disposition to mercy or compassion; clemency, mercy, mildness, tenderness. Now only as in sense 2b.
2.a. to have (also take) pity.
2.b. Tenderness and concern aroused by the su#ering, distress, or
misfortune of another, and prompting a desire for its relief; compassion, sympathy.
\;G TU TU] ^E@ I_ `aE=9:
DbP3+, cW OED I.1d 45>6 AW N ef3 VW!&X, A ef C ef%g&
hi69EP+
(3) A 99v19῍20
A
æe o¿er is heorte ¿eawes . Deuotiun . / Reowfulnesse . Riht
ῌ 87 ῌ
luue . Eadmodnesse .
C
æe oWer his heorte ¿eawes . diuo/ciun reufulnesse
luue edmodnesse .
N
¿et o¿er ¿ing is : heorte ¿eauwes . deuo/ciun . reoufulnesse .
merci . pite of heorte . luue . edmod/nesse .
(ModE: The other is the virtues of the heart: devotion, pity, right love,
humility. (White 169))
2.7
grace
OE grace (cf. OED grace 15. MED grace 1.(e))! "#$
gratia %&' () *' OF grâce "+,-, ! MED1.(e) # Seinte Katerine . /01
2! MED1.(a) AW A 34 ./#' %& " ""56! 78' AW #' 9:-
;<=* grace >?/0@!
2.8
misericorde
misericorde AB' C8' ! AW D>?"
E OF .0' "#AFDGE$ misericordia ! HI#9J#K"+,! 9J#' LM
NOP' LMQPRS' TUVWXYZ8[8\]^_`
ab* c, "de*..H"0d +fghi+Dj
E"+,!
kl' HTM Online #' H/#mn2o'
>?# OED "AF 1315 p"+,!
2.9
charite
charite OED >?# “1154 O.E. Chron. (Laud MS.)”
ῌ 88 ῌ
!"# $%& '()* +, . merci /012 HTE Online '34*
565 AW A 789: N 7 misericorde V 7 charite ;
<=>)*? 1 ?@)*A BCDE5F 1 3G
A
(4) AW (aHfirst column, IHword division)
A 70r07῍8, V 384ra27῍28
aef ha ne luuede me nalde ha nawt / warni me
;
A
i miseri-
corde.
corde
C
aef ha ne luuede / me nalde ha naut warne me in inImi/ne
gulte
aif heo ne / luuede me nolde heo nout warnen me . in miseri;
N
corde .
V
aif heo ne / louede me . nolde heo not warne me .
in so
gret charite .
(Mod. E: if she did not love me, she would not warn me out of pity.
(White 120))
2.10
reowWe
compassion, pity, mercy JK&L M*N -.O ()*
8P (cf. OED ruth1., MED reuth (e 1.(a)), ME QR)*AST
UV (base) OE WX hrēowan ‘to grieve’ P *YZ[X\R
]^_ -th(-¿) `aA'b* Ac5 OED 8]^_
d ON ef hryggW ghijb*8P MED f\
ON 5 kl Lambeth Homilies (MED a1225 (?OE)) b*
AW ' A, C, N, V 4 7lm mno p b*
ῌ 89 ῌ
2.11
reoufulnesse
OE hrēow 13 pity, compassion !"#$%
&
'# OE ()*+,-./0 -ful 12"# 3"
OE ()4,-./0 -ness 15673# ME 86
9 “compassion, pitifulness, mercy” !"# (cf. OED ruefulness 1. MED reufulnes(se) MED $#: reufulnes(se) ;7< Hali
Meidenhad (c1225 (?c1200)) =#>! AW A99v20 ?@"#
! '' !"#!< 16 A
KG AW pity, compassion 3.
KG 3.1
1 B$% ' KG !"#!< milce,
reowWe, merci 3 CD ?EF&! G HIJK LM!< milce, merci NOPQ R# SM!< reowWe
!"#T9 UVWX3#! A Titus YZ ?E< 2 ?
'#< Titus YZ< SK [\]3#!&!'$
9 YZO^_<`ab!c2 defghij_YZklm
nopHJKoqrkJῌB c[" AB c stῌu (2009) ["
?vwBx
(5) SK (TyTitus)
B3r20῍21, R 14r03῍4, T 135rb18῍20
B
. . . ah he ¿urh his milce & god/lec of his grace maked ham . . .
R
. . . ah he ¿urh / his milce . & godlec of his grace makeW ham . . .
T
. . . Ah he ¿urh / his milce & godlec of his grace / makeW ham . . .
zMod. E: but through his (God’s) mercy and goodness of his grace, he
makes them (so that they are eternal, without end.) (Savage and Watson
264))
ῌ 90 ῌ
(6) SM (῎folio division, ‘ ’ indicates insertion.)
B 21v25, R 41r18
B
. . . Alle ¿er ¿ear weren wepmen & wum῎men
R
. . . al/le ¿e ¿er weren weopmen ba & wummen
B22r01, R 41r19
B
remden of reowWe ant me‘a’nden ¿es meiden
of reow/We menden ¿is meiden .
R
;
(Mod. E: All those who were there, men and women, cried out in pity
and mourned this maiden, (Savage and Watson 291))
SM, SJ milce, merci and OED, MED milce merci, ore, grace !" SM, SJ, AW
#$%&'(
KG )*+,"-./01234567897:(9;'
<=
(7) SM
B 19v11, R 38v15
(vverso)
B
‘H’aue lauerd milce & merci of ¿i wummon .
R
Haue lauerd milce & merci of ¿i wummon .
(Mod. E: Lord, have mercy and pity on your woman; (Savage and
Watson 289))
(8) SJ
B 46r03῍4, R 64r16῍17
B
. . . milce haue & merci wummon of / mi wrecchedom
R
. . . milce ant merce wummon haue of mi / wrechedom .
(Mod. E: [I (the devil) implore you (Juliana),] . . . have mercy, woman
(Juliana), on my wretchedness. (Savage and Watson 315))
ῌ 91 ῌ
KG OE milce ! OF "#$ merci milce %&'()*+,- ! ./ 01 23 ,
4 ON 56789:$ reowWe ;<= 1175 >
The Lambeth Hoilies? +@ AA OE $BCD$
EFD%GH !
3.2
AW ῏῍ῌ῎
AW IJ$%DKLMN
O merci 2! DD
MNPLLQR IJI-%D 4 STUV 9 $
W
X ! I 1 KG YZ AW OE milce [\]
D ore (OE), merci (OF) ^_D D`2
abcd$"
#$ef
gH2%hij
kl ! 4 ST1m
n
2 Cleopatra ST+ A ST ;Corpus ST? opJ
$
qrs\
2A% Nero STopJ$
qrs
\%ASTSt:
uvwxDA% 14 yz Vernon ST
{|}~ ;% 6 €‚ƒ% 7 ? 2A%
„…†2
!
OE ‡ˆ milce 9 ‰ 8 Š‹Œd +@ Ž@ 1 L ‘Œ' ’D! KG M“2”8 merci %()* A54v15 1 ,2@ •
3 STL–—2! 8˜D 14 yz V ST A()* 1 ‚™
milce merci +@ OF "#$
merci milce l”š3”.›œ”A%
~! ž
ŸJ (9) A 10v28 ;C, N, V STop¡vD?
A
A
. . . iesu cristes moder . Meiden
11r01
ῌ 92 ῌ
A
of milce. moder of grace.
(Mod. E: Jesus Christ’s mother, mother of mercy, mother of grace
(White 23)ῌ
(10) A 54v14, V 381rb66
A
. . . for hit (hwelp) to῍cheoweW & tofret go/des
C
. . . for / hit to῍cheowiW & to῍fret godes
N
. . . uor hit to῍cheoweW & to῍uret godes
V
. . . #or hit to῍chewe¿ . and to῍fret . Godes
A 54v15, V 381rb67
A
milde milce & his muchele mearci . & his unimete grace .
C
milde / milce . & his muchele merci & his unmete / grace .
N
milde milce . & his muchele merci . & his vnimete grace . /
V
mylde / milce . and his muchele Merci and his vnimete
;
grace .
(Mod.E: for it (this last bear cub) chews up and devours God’s mercy
and his great forgiveness and his immeasurable grace. (White 97))
(11) A90v27, V 387va67
A
. . . for godd ne muhte nawt
C
. . . for god ne muchte neauer῍
N
. . . vor god ne muh/te nout
V
. . . #or God ne mouhte
A 90v28, V 387va68
A
beon wiW῍uten rihtwisnesse . ne wiW῍uten milce .
C
beo / wiW῍uten richtwisnesse . ne wiW῍ute milce .
N
beon wiWuten rihtwisnesse ne wiWuten / milce .
V
ben wi¿/outen Rihtwysnesse ne wi¿outen Merci .
;
;
(Mod.E: For God could not exist without righteousness, nor without
mercy. (White 154))
ῌ 93 ῌ
merci AW merci 13 9 !"# $%&
' ()*+,-./01/23 456# 789
:;%"< A 78 merci =!">?$ 3 78
% merci *@A BCDEA+F"AG@
# KG HIG@JKL!M% 1 NG# KG OP
AW QRST OE A" milce *U
OF VWS merci =RJK45X"<YZT[ B!M=
14 \] V 789[^_`*@=abA"%cde
(12) A 16v05, V 374vb13
A
crie crist
mearci for ow
C
crie crist
merci
N
cririe crist / inwardliche merci uor ou .
V
crye Crist Merci / for ow .
for ou
(Mod.E: cry more fervently to Christ for mercy for you. (White 36))
(13) A 93v26, V 388rb09
A
Ich gulte mearci lauerd .
C
Ichfgul/te merci Lauerd .
N
Ich agulte louerd merci .
V
Ich gulte . Merci lord .
(Mod.E: I am guiltyῌmercy, Lord! (White 156))
gJhP9i ME jklmnSopqSrsrs
`tuv wSxy/9i*@= (Burnley 1992: 427)
z{|4 merci = milce }
@ !
"=~U*@€T
@*A‚
d"#
[ lmnSVWS^C4ƒ0 U
„…./†T45 qSS‡ˆ‰T@Š‹Œ=G
ῌ 94 ῌ
ore/ar(e) milce !" #12 $% & ore/ar(e) ' 2.2 ()*
+, OE ! -./012*34 OE !1
56 7*&-538 ME ./02*1
9 13 :;<=1- KG >!"? AW @" *A
BC+, 14 :; V DE 2 FG ore merci HI
J6!"K8 merci LMN8-O3" P* MED QR S"
“merci (or milce) & are” TU VWU
“¿in are” +,
'>!"
(14) A8r15, V 373ra13
A
bihalde toward ham wiW ¿e ehe of his are .
C
bihal/de toward ham wiW ¿e echae of his are .
N
biholde touward / ham mid te eie of his ore .
wi¿ ¿e eiae of his merci .
V
(Mod.E: . . . look towards them with the eye of his mercy. (White 16))
(15) A 20v07, V 375rb53
A
A iesu ¿in are hu stont ham
C
A Iesu/¿in are hu stont heom
N
A iesu / ¿in ore . hu stont ham .
V
ore . Hou stont heom .
A Iesu ¿in/ore
;
;
(Mod. E: Ah, Jesus, your mercy! (White 42))
AW K reowWe, reowfulness ' KG XYZ
[\ !"$-Q]^_ #11 $` 9 $%
(16) A 8r12, V 373ra11
A
habbeW reowWe of ¿eo ¿e beoW i
C
of / ¿eo ῌ habbeW
ῌ 95 ῌ
ῌ beoW ine
N
habbeW
reou¿e of ¿eo
V
Habbe¿ / reou¿e of ¿ulke . ¿at beo¿ in
A 8r13, C 14r, V 373ra12
A
stronge temptatiuns .
C
stronge fondunge .
N
stronge temptaciuns .
V
stronge temptacions .
(Mod.E: Have pity on those who are under severe temptations. (addressed to the sisters) (White 16))
(17) A 64v01, V 383ra55
A
. . . for ¿u sleptest swote ne mah
C
. . . for ¿u sleptest / swote ne machte
N
. . . for῍¿i Wet tu sleptest swote / ich ne muhte
V
. . . for ¿ou / sleptest swote
;
;
ne mouth
;
A 64v02, V 383ra56
A
ich for reowWe . Ant ¿enne ¿ohte ich gan awei to slepen
C
ichi for reuWe . & ¿en/ne ¿ochte ich gan awei to slepen
N
uor reouWe . & ¿eonne ¿ouht ich gon a/wei
V
Ich for rou¿e . And ¿enne ¿ouat / I.gon awey . to slepen
;
(Mod.E: . . . because you were sleeping sweetly, I could not (wake you)
for pity. (White 111))
AW merci OF !"# misericorde $ 2 %
&'% A ()*&+ N ()% ,-./ C milce 0
1*2
34%5670891 V misericorde :
merci 0;7
)< => ! charite (OF) 0?@4%AB
1
ῌ 96 ῌ
A 7v21, V 373ra02
A
alle ¿e ilke ¿e wurcheW ¿e
C
alle ¿eo ilke ¿e wurcheW ¿e / six werkes
N
alle ¿eo ilke ¿et wurcheW ¿e
six / werkes
V
alle ¿ulke .
sixe werkes /
A
¿at worche¿ ¿e
six werkes
7 v22, V 373ra03
A
of misericorde . mearciable lauerd
C
of milce .
N
of misericorde . merciable louerd .
V
of Merci
milcefule Lauerd .
Merciable lord .
;
(18)
(Mod. E: all those who do the six works of mercy, merciful Lord (White
16))
(19) A 70r07, V 384ra28
A
aef ha ne luuede me nalde ha nawt
C
aef ha ne luuede / me nalde ha naut
N
aif heo ne / luuede me nolde heo nout
V
aif heo ne / louede me . nolde heo not
;
;
A 70r08, V 384ra29
A
warni me
i misericorde .
C
warne me in inmi/ne gulte
N
warnen me . in misericorde .
V
warne me .
in so gret charite .
(Mod.E: If she (each of the sisters) did not love me, she would not warn
me out of pity. (White 14))
AW 1 N pite (OF) V grace
(OF) (20) A 42v07, V 379ra57
ῌ 97 ῌ
A
wule ifinden ed te
C
wu/le ifinden ed ¿e narewe domesmon merci . / & are .
N
wule ivinden et te
V
wole I.fynden at ¿e / narwe domes῍mon . merci and grace
;
& ore
;
neruwe do/mes῍mon merci
;
nearewe domesmon mearci & are
(21) A 99v19 V A
æe o¿er is heorte ¿eawes . Deuotiun .
C
æe oWer his heorte ¿eawes . diuo/ciun
N
¿et o¿er ¿ing is : heorte ¿eauwes . deuo/ciun .
A 99v20
A
Reowfulnesse . Riht
luue . Eadmodnesse . &
uertuz
o¿re
swuc/che .
C
reufulnesse luue edmodnesse . & uertuz / oWre swicche .
N
reoufulnesse . merci . pite of heorte . luue . edmod/nesse . &
oWre swuche uertuz .
(21) N pite N !"# (cf. Ono (2007))$
%&'( )* 13 +, AB -./01234
56 KG 7
5 AW 89:; <=!>?@<A
5B$ C
DEFG HIJKLMNO>PQB$ RS OE T
UVB56 ore '(W1 89:; XYNZ[BS0'
(41>[BS05B$ \1 AW 14 +, V HI
JKLM]^>G_`a merci >'bc[BS0de>fS
0$
3.3 ῐ῍ῒ῏ῌ῍ῑ῎
89:; XY )ghi23j'(=R05B1/
ῌ 98 ῌ
3 milce, merci, ore/ar(e),
mildhertnesse 13 !" #$%&' ()*+,-./01 Glossary, OED, MED 234 56578692:*;<" => exhausitve =
'
?@%=A1(B:* (:*C(B' DEFG HI(BB2J
3 KGYAW Z[ 13 O) D\]G ^_
Dialect
(MED)
Date
(MED)
milce
merci
(OF)
ore/ar(e)
mildhertnesse
8
0
41
9
49
0
16
0
Ormulum
Northwest
Mid.
?c1200
Vices and
Virtues
Southeast
Mid.
1225 (c1200)
Trinity
Homilies3)
Southeast
Mid.
1225 (?OE)
5
0
0
5
Lambeth
Homilies
Southwest
Mid.
1225 (?OE)
2
1
0
3
Owl &
Nightingale
Southwest
Mid.
c1275 (?1216)
2
1
4
0
Layamon’s
Brut (Clg.)
Southwest
Mid.
c1275 (?a1200)
5
5
3
0
Kentish
Sermons
Kentish
c1275
0
6
1
0
S`a5b'+,cdeU
Northwest Midland KL4:)
Ormulum ' OF MN merci '
O)P OE QR milce, are, mildherrtnesse S'TleaaeU VW*?
*)
are and milce X= 4 @;*)
ῌ 99 ῌ
Ormulum 1476῍9
& are & millce & mildherrtleaae / & rihht foraifenesse, / ¿att iss
¿att laf ¿att smeredd iss / Wi¿¿ elesæw & nesshedd.
Southeast Midland Vices and Virtures Ormulum
merci milce are are and
mildce ! "#$% pietas &'(%
)
rewh¿e *+, -./01 23) 45
6 “ore and reuhWe and mildce” 78
Southeast Midland 9 Trinity Homilies merci, ore :
milce, mildhertnesse * -;<1 => reu¿e 1 ?@
Vices and Virtues p. 115, ll. 4῍5
Hlauerd, haue ore and rewh¿e and mild(c)e of Win handiwere!
Trinity Homilies XXV p. 147, l. 14῍5
mid wosiWes / beten here sinnes.
And ¿erof milce (Saviour’s
mercy) beden.
Southwest Midland Lambeth Homilies, The Owl and the
Nightingale, Laaamon’s Brut AB CD merci E? merci F -5 (God, Lord)1 6
8 Brut Gmercy and pite HI graceJK -LM5
;<1 23))N)N O"$P%QR% pite, grace S
TU@ Kent 9 Kentish Sermons -;<1
=> mercy * OE VW% ore @
X
Lambeth Homilies IV p. 43, l. 18
Lauerd haue merci of us forWon ¿a pinen of helle we / ham ne
maaen iWolien.
ῌ 100 ῌ
MED, OED The Owl & Nightingale l. 1092
Jesus his soule do merci!
merci
Brut vol. 3 p. 21
Wherof no man myat ham lette til Wtat almiaty God Werof tok
mercy and pitee;
3 13 KG AW !"#
KG $% MED c1225 (?c1200) !&'()*+
, Laing (1993) - 13 . 1 /012!)*+
34
AW V 56 13 . 2 /012, (Laing (1993)), MED
A 78 c1230
(?a1200) !9:+
4;<*- Southwest
Midland 3 =>? Southwest Midland 4;12 @A
BC D!:+ OE EF milce, ore =GH+ OF IJ merci K
*+, Lambeth Homiles LM N KG, AW !OP:+
Q? Kentish 4; homilies !-OPD
OF mercy RSTS
)U Southwest Midland 4;V)*+?WXY
Kent 4;
V)*+?WZY[\:+?!(:+
Q?]^ @ABC
!_`a @bC ! c+F*
!d
!-e
f
mercy gh @b ijklC @ABC =c+
F*+
N-OPD
34 mnop @qrsC = ON t
c?8^ reufe F*+
!- uvw _ merci
KxyEF z{_= @b|ijklC =;}D
~€)
‚F*
1ƒ OF IJ merci „Q*+=…,†Q*?
E!‡HF*
ˆ‰*FŠ4‹ŒŽSk prestige
language ?_! _‘’“”•3c
?E
ῌ 101 ῌ
4. ῍ ῌ ῎
OE ME 13 KG AW !"#$% &'()*
+,% 13 -./ Southwest Midland 012% 34567
89:;<= >?@% OE ABCDEF7GG% OF *+
% H ON *+,IJKLM()N8OF7GGPQ7% >R
STUVCWXHUYZ[\,/9;]= ^%
merci _+G<;2% `&'()*+, a^2bc)d
1e/fg<`U% hij<I,klf
mn,opq% &'() prestige language U7;rs,tu7
;<2V<Uvw= >7;% `xV[\2>Z 13
yzc)<;{(|(8}~U7; Southwest Midland 01
Kentish 01€/[\‚x`U,ƒ„"#
D…†5= `x% C‡2&'()*+,ˆ
5V‰Š8@7;<,% >‹ŒU7;2% &'(),Žj
<)‘’)8“l;<`U,q% >,IJ”•U?G<
mn8–—˜7% C8^/^/™ˆH:š›œUV2V
<Uvw=
῏
1) m7 KG AW žŸA U¡¢H£¤8 Laing (1993) Millett (1996) ¥;¦/= C13 2 13 8% a2 2§ 2 ¨.8¦/=
A. Ancrene Wisse
A: MS Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, 402: C13a2, Language of Wigmore, NW Herefords.
C: MS London, British Library, Cotton Cleopatra C. vi : C13a2, On language of the A scribe, see Dobson AR.
N: MS London, British Library, Cotton Nero A. xiv : C13a2, Language of S
Worcs, not far from the Gloucs.
V: MS Oxford, Bodleian Library, Eng. poet. a.1 (Vernon): 1380῍1400,
North Worcestershire (possibly West Warwickshire)
ῌ 102 ῌ
B.
Katherine Group
B: MS Oxford, Bodleian Library, Bodley 34: C13a1 (ca. 1225)
R: MS London, British Library, Royal 17 A. xxvii: C13a1 (ca 1220῍1230)
T: MS London, British Library, Cotton Titus D. xviii: C13a1 (ca. 1220)
2) charite AW 4 !"#$% && mercy
'()*!+,-./
3) Laing (1993) 01 Trinity Homiles 2 C12b 12 3456 '7
/
4) HTE Online charite mercy 89:; &
<9:;/
῎῍῏ῌ
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ῌ 103 ῌ
Oguro, Shoich and Tetsuo Kimura, A Concordance to the Owl and the Nightingale.
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ῌB AB ῌ !" 18 #$ῌ!" 19 #$%&'()* +,- B. "/0
12 +345.
ῌ
῍
Barron, W. R. J. and S. C. Weinberg, eds. Laa amon’s Brut. Harlow: Longman, 1995.
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◊ge
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ῌ 104 ῌ
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ῌ 105 ῌ