2. 天然物の生合成

2.
!
!
!
!
!
2.1.
�
p. 2-1"
polyketides,
flavonoids !
flavones !
flavanones !
flavonols !
isoflavones !
chalcones
phenylpropanoids !
coumarins !
lignans !
lignins
p. 2-1"
terpenoids !
monoterpenes !
sesquiterpenes !
diterpenes !
triterpenes !
tetraterpenes !
carotenoids
steroids
alkaloids
!
!
�
2.1.
!
!
2-1. (p. 2-2)"
p. 2-2"
2-1.
(1)
(2)
C2
C5
(3)
C6-C3
(4)
(4-1)
CoA"
CoA"
"
"
MEP"
"
L-Tyr
"
(4-2)
L-Lys
HO
O
O
OH
O
C6-C3
CH3 COOH
C2
HO
OH
C5
× !
O
!
× !
-
p. 2-2"
2-1.
(5)
(5-1)
"
(5-1-1)
-
"
-
"
"
(5-1-2)
"
(5-2)
"
(5-2-1)
"
"
(5-2-2)
"
"
"
"
-
L-Trp"
L-Orn"
"
CoA"
!
p. 2-3"
CO2
ATP
H2O
3ATP
NADPH
D-
αTCA
5CoA
D-
4-
(3)
CoA
MEP
(1)
-
(2)
CO2
ATP
H2O
3ATP
NADPH
D-
αTCA
5CoA
D-
4CoA
MEP
(4)
(5-1-2)
(5-1-1)
(5)
N
p. 2-4"
L-
L-
MEP
L-
(5-2-1)
(5)
)"
(
CoA
CoA
L-
L-
(4-1)
L-
L-
MEP
(5-2-2)
(5)
(4-2)
(
-
"
)"
�
2.2.
CoA CO2
CoA CO2
CoA
n
C2
p. 2-5"
COOH
S-CoA
O
CO2
+
O
S-CoA
S-CoA
O
-CoA
O
-CoA
-CoA
CO2
O
O
O
S-CoA
n
!
!
!
-β-
!
!
!
-
!
p. 2-5"
a"
b"
-CoA
-CoA
OH
S-CoA
O
O
O
O
-CoA ×
*"
OH
O
O
OH
OH
*"
COOH
HO
6COOH
OH
COOH
OH
OH
HO
HO
COOH
OH
a"
b"
S-CoA
O
O
HO
O
OH