...

自殺未遂者家族への支援の重要性と課題

by user

on
Category: Documents
16

views

Report

Comments

Transcript

自殺未遂者家族への支援の重要性と課題
ᖹᡂ ᖺᗘ
࠙▷ᮇ◊✲㸰ࠚ
⮬ẅᮍ㐙⪅ᐙ᪘࡬ࡢᨭ᥼ࡢ㔜せᛶ࡜ㄢ㢟
㸦せ᪨㸧
⮬ẅᮍ㐙⪅ࡢᐙ᪘ࢆᨭ᥼ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ෌ᗘࡢ⮬ẅ௻ᅗࢆண㜵ࡍࡿ࡜࠸ࡗࡓどⅬ࠿ࡽࡔ
ࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊᐙ᪘ࡢ⢭⚄ⓗ࡞Ᏻᐃࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࡶᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ⮬ẅᮍ㐙⪅ࡢᐙ᪘
ᨭ᥼࡟࠾ࡅࡿ▱ぢࡸㄢ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊඛ⾜◊✲ࡢࣞࣅ࣮ࣗࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋSXEPHG ࠾ࡼࡧ་୰
ㄅࢆ⏝࠸࡚ ᖺ࠿ࡽ ᖺ ᭶ࡲ࡛࡟බ⾲ࡉࢀࡓࠊ⮬ẅᮍ㐙⪅࡬ࡢᐙ᪘ᨭ᥼࡟㛵
ࡍࡿㄽᩥࢆ᳨⣴ࡋࠊⴭ⪅ࠊฟ∧ᖺࠊ⮬ẅᮍ㐙⪅ࡢ≉ᚩࠊᐙ᪘࡬ࡢ௓ධ࣭ᨭ᥼㸭ㄪᰝ᪉ἲࠊ
୺せ࡞⤖ᯝࢆࡲ࡜ࡵࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊᅜෆࡢሗ࿌ࡣ⑕౛ሗ࿌ࡀከࡃࢆ༨ࡵࠊᐙ᪘࡜ࡢ㠃ㄯ
ࡸ㠃᥋ࡀᐙ᪘ࡢឤ᝟⾲ฟࡢ㔜せ࡞ᶵ఍࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊᚰ⌮ᩍ⫱࡛ࠊ
ṇࡋ࠸▱㆑ࡀఏ࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ⮬ẅᮍ㐙ᝈ⪅࡜ࡑࡢᐙ᪘ࡢᏳᐃ࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡗ࡚࠸
ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࠋㅖእᅜࡢᐇド◊✲࡛ࡣࠊᚰ⌮ᩍ⫱ࡸᐙ᪘⒪ἲ࡞࡝ࡢᐙ᪘ᨭ᥼ࢆྵ
ࡵࡓࢣ࢔ࢆཷࡅࡓᝈ⪅ᮏேࡢ⮬ẅ㛵㐃⾜ືࡸᢚ࠺ࡘឤࠊ⤯ᮃឤ➼ࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓ࡜ࡍࡿࡶ
ࡢࠊᐙ᪘ࡢᢚ࠺ࡘࡸ⮬ẅᛕ៖ࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓ࡜ࡍࡿሗ࿌ࡀ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡗࡱ࠺࡛ࠊ௓ධ⩌࡜ࢥࣥ
ࢺ࣮ࣟࣝ⩌࡛ࡑ࠺ࡋࡓ ᐃᣦᶆ࡟ᕪࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ࡜ࡍࡿሗ࿌ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ௒ᚋࡣࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛
࡟ᣦ᦬ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓᐙ᪘ᨭ᥼ࡢ㝿ࡢ␃ពⅬࢆཧ⪃࡟ࡋࡓୖ࡛ࠊᅜෆ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ⮬ẅᮍ㐙⪅
࡬ࡢᐙ᪘ᨭ᥼࡟㛵ࡍࡿᐇド◊✲࡬ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡸࠊᵝࠎ࡞⑕౛ሗ࿌ࢆ⵳✚ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃᚲせࡀ
࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ
◊✲యไ㸸㉥⃝ṇேࠊடᒸᬛ⨾ࠊຍ⸨ ᐶ
- 45 -
㸬ࡣࡌࡵ࡟
ᖺ௨㝆ᖺ㛫୓ே㉸࡛᥎⛣ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ⮬ẅ⪅ᩘࡣࠊᖺ࡟୓ேࢆୗᅇࡾࡇࡇᩘᖺࡣ
ῶᑡഴྥ࡟࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀ࡛ࡶࠊ⮬ẅࡣ♫఍ⓗ࡞ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡀᚲせ࡞㔜せ࡞⢭⚄ಖ೺ࡢㄢ㢟࡛࠶
ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ኚࢃࡾࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ⮬ẅࡣࠊࡑࡢ⾜ືࢆ㉳ࡇࡍேࡔࡅ࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ
ᐙ᪘ࡸ▱ே࡟ᙉ࠸⢭⚄ⓗ࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑ࠺ࡋࡓᐙ᪘ࢆᨭ᥼ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࠊᐙ
᪘ࡢ⢭⚄ⓗ࡞Ᏻᐃࡢࡓࡵ࡟㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࡋࠊ෌ᗘࡢ⮬ẅ௻ᅗࡢண㜵ࡸ⮬ẅࡢಖㆤᅉᏊ࡜࡞ࡿ
ᐙ᪘ࢆᨭ᥼ࡍࡿ࡜࠸ࡗࡓព࿡࡛ࡶ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
㐣ཤࡢ⮬ẅᮍ㐙㸦⮬ẅ௻ᅗṔ㸧ࡣࠊ⮬ẅࡢ᭱ࡶ኱ࡁ࡞༴㝤ᅉᏊ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ⮬ẅᮍ㐙⪅ᨭ᥼
࡛ᥖࡆࡽࢀࡿ㔜せ஦㡯ࡢ୍ࡘ࡟ᐙ᪘ᨭ᥼ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋᨻᗓࡀ㐍ࡵࡿ࡭ࡁ⮬ẅᑐ⟇ࡢᣦ㔪࡛࠶ࡿ
⮬ẅ⥲ྜᑐ⟇኱⥘ࡢᙜ㠃ࡢ㔜Ⅼ᪋⟇ࡢࠊࠕ⮬ẅᮍ㐙⪅ࡢ෌ᗘࡢ⮬ẅ௻ᅗࢆ㜵ࡄࠖ㸦㸧
ᐙ᪘➼ࡢ㌟㏆࡞ேࡢぢᏲࡾ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᨭ᥼࡟ࡣࠊ⮬ẅᮍ㐙⪅ࡢ෌ᗘࡢ⮬ẅࢆ㜵ࡄࡓࡵࡢᑐ⟇
࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ
ࠕ⮬ẅࡢཎᅉ࡜࡞ࡿ♫఍ⓗせᅉ࡟㛵ࡍࡿྛ✀┦ㄯᶵ㛵࡜ࡢࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࢆᵓ⠏ࡍ
ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ⢭⚄ಖ೺⚟♴ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࡸಖ೺ᡤࡢಖ೺ᖌ➼࡟ࡼࡿ⮬ẅᮍ㐙⪅࡟ᑐࡍࡿ┦ㄯ
యไࢆ඘ᐇࡍࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊᆅᇦ࡟࠾࠸࡚⢭⚄⛉་⒪ᶵ㛵ࢆྵࡵࡓ་⒪ಖ೺⚟♴ࡢࢿࢵࢺ࣡
࣮ࢡࢆᵓ⠏ࡍࡿ࡞࡝⥅⥆ⓗ࡞ࢣ࢔ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿయไࡢᩚഛࢆ୍ᒙ㐍ࡵࡿࡇ࡜࡞࡝࡟ࡼࡾࠊ㏥㝔
ᚋࡢᐙ᪘➼ࡢ㌟㏆࡞ே࡟ࡼࡿぢᏲࡾࡢᨭ᥼ࢆ඘ᐇࡍࡿࠖࡇ࡜ࡀ࠺ࡓࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⮬ẅᮍ㐙
⪅࡬ࡢᐙ᪘ᨭ᥼ࢆ඘ᐇࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡃࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊ㛵㐃◊✲࡟࠾ࡅࡿ≉ᚩࡸㄢ㢟ࢆ඘ศ࡟ㄆ㆑ࡋ
࡚࠾ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ
ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ⮬ẅᮍ㐙⪅ᐙ᪘ᨭ᥼࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࠊ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞◊✲ࡸሗ࿌ࡀ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓ࠿࡟
ࡘ࠸࡚ࣞࣅ࣮ࣗࢆ⾜࠸ࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢ▱ぢࢆᴫほࡍࡿࠋ
㸬᪉ἲ
SXEPHG ࠾ࡼࡧ་୰ㄅࢆ⏝࠸࡚ ᖺ࠿ࡽ ᖺ ᭶ࡲ࡛࡟බ⾲ࡉࢀࡓㄽᩥࢆ᳨⣴
ࡋࡓࠋµIDPLO\LQWHUYHQWLRQ$1'VXLFLGHDWWHPSW㸭ᐙ᪘ᨭ᥼ $1' ⮬ẅᮍ㐙µࢆ࣮࣮࢟࣡
ࢻ࡜ࡋ࡚ᩥ⊩ࢆ᳨⣴ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࠊSXEPHG ࡛ ᮏࠊ་୰ㄅ࡛ ᮏࡢᩥ⊩ࡀぢࡘ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ ࡇ
ࢀࡽࡢᩥ⊩࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࠊࢱ࢖ࢺࣝ࡜ᢒ㘓ࡢෆᐜ࠿ࡽ⮬ẅᮍ㐙⪅ࡢᐙ᪘ᨭ᥼࡟㛵ࡍࡿሗ࿌࡛ࡣ
࡞࠸࡜ุ᩿ࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢࢆ㝖እࡋࡓࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊゝㄒࡀⱥㄒ࡛࡞࠸ㄽᩥࠊධᡭ୙ྍ⬟࡞ࡶࡢࢆ
㝖࠸ࡓୖ࡛ࠊṧࡾࡢ ⦅ࡢㄽᩥ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊⴭ⪅ࠊฟ∧ᖺࠊㄽᩥࡢ✀㢮ࠊ⮬ẅᮍ㐙⪅ࡢ≉ᚩࠊ
ᐙ᪘࡬ࡢ௓ධᨭ᥼㸭ㄪᰝ᪉ἲࠊ୺せ࡞⤖ᯝࢆࡲ࡜ࡵࡓࠋ
㸬⤖ᯝ
ᖺ ᭶ࡲ࡛ࡢ ⦅ࡢㄽᩥ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ⾲ ࡟ࡲ࡜ࡵࡓ⤖ᯝࢆ௨ୗ࡟♧ࡋࡓࠋ
- 46 -
- 47 -
6XQ).HWDO
ຍ⸨ ᫭ྖ௚
0DUFLQNR'HWDO
ᖹ㔝 ࡳࡂࢃ௚
୕ୖ ඞኸ௚
ᖹᒣ ṇᐇ
௰ᗙ ᚊᏊ௚
┈⏣ ࡺ࠿ࡾ
ᒣᮏ ┿Ꮚ
㕥ᮌ 㞝ᕷ
%ULWYLþ'HWDO
6WDQOH\%HWDO
$VDUQRZ-5HWDO
ฟ∧ᖺ
ⴭ⪅
⑕౛ሗ࿌
⑕౛ሗ࿌
⑕౛ሗ࿌
⥲ㄝ
⑕౛ሗ࿌
⑕౛ሗ࿌
ᐇド◊✲
⑕౛ሗ࿌
⑕౛ሗ࿌
⥲ㄝ
⑕౛ሗ࿌
ᐇド◊✲
ᐇド◊✲
ㄽᩥࡢ✀㢮
⮬ẅ෌௻ᅗ㜵Ṇ࡟ࡣ%3'࡟ᑐࡍࡿຊືⓗ⢭⚄⒪ἲ࡜ᐙ᪘
ẕᏊ୪⾜㠃᥋ࠊ᝟⥴஺ὶࡢ෌ᵓ⠏ࠊẕぶࡀᝈ⪅ࡢᡂ
࡟ᑐࡍࡿ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࠊㄆ▱⾜ື⒪ἲࢆ」ྜⓗ࡟⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏ
⫱Ṕࢆ᣺ࡾ㏉ࡿ
ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せ
௦ዪᛶࠊቃ⏺ᛶࣃ࣮ࢯࢼࣜࢸ࢕㞀ᐖ
㸦%3'㸧ࠊ኱࠺ࡘ⑓ᛶ㞀ᐖ
ẕᏊ୪⾜㠃᥋ࠊẕぶࡀ⮬ࡽࡢ⏕࠸❧ࡕࢆ㏙࡭ࡿ
36:࡟ࡼࡿࢯ࣮ࢩ࣮ࣕࣝ࣡ࢡ
ᐙ᪘ၥ㢟ࡀ㛵ಀࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ஦౛࡛ࡣࠊ⮬ẅ௻ᅗ࡟⮳ࡿࠕ≀
ㄒࠖࢆᐙ᪘࡜࠸࠺ᩥ⬦࠿ࡽ⌮ゎࡋࠊࡑࢀࢆᝈ⪅ࠊᐙ᪘ࠊ἞
⒪⪅ࡢ㛫࡛෌ᵓ⠏ࡋࠊඹ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃసᴗࡀᚲせ
ࢯ࣮ࢩ࣮ࣕࣝ࣡ࢡ࡟ࡼࡾࠊࢫ࣒࣮ࢬ࡟἞⒪ࠊࣜࣁࣅࣜࢸ࣮
ࢩࣙࣥࠊᆅᇦ⏕ά࡬ࡢ⛣⾜ࡀྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡗࡓࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊ༴
ᶵ௓ධ࡟ࡼࡾࠊ⮬ẅ෌௻ᅗࡢ༴㝤ࢆᅇ㑊ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ
ࡓࠋ
㧗㱋⪅ࠊ࠺ࡘ⑓
௦ዪᛶࠊ࠺ࡘ⑓
௦⏨ᛶࠊ⤫ྜኻㄪ⑕
㟷ᑡᖺࠊ⤫ྜኻㄪ⑕
࠺ࡘ⑓
཮ᴟᛶ㞀ᐖ
ᐙ᪘ࡢẼᣢࡕࢆཷࡅ࡜ࡵࡿ࡜࠸࠺ጼໃࢆࡶࡗ࡚ᨭ᥼ࡋࡘ
ࡘࠊᐙ᪘ྥࡅࡢ㈨ᩱࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊ⑌ᝈࡢ⌮ゎࡸ㛵ࢃࡾ᪉࡟ࡘ
࠸࡚Ꮫ⩦ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࠸ࡗࡱ࠺࡛ᐙ᪘ࡀ⇕ᚰ࡟
࠿࠿ࢃࢁ࠺࡜ࡍࡿ࠶ࡲࡾࠊᝈ⪅࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ᖸ΅ⓗ࡞ែᗘࢆ
࡜ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ሙྜࡶ࠶ࡾࠊゼၥ┳ㆤ࡛ࡢ⥅⥆ᛶࡀ㔜せ࡛࠶
ࡿࠋ
ྜྠ࢝ࣥࣇ࢓ࣞࣥࢫ
㠃ㄯࠊ༴ᶵ௓ධ
ྜྠ㠃᥋
ᐙ᪘ࢆ஺࠼ࡓྜྠ࢝ࣥࣇ࢓ࣞࣥࢫࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊᐙ᪘ࡢ⑓
≧ࡢ⌮ゎࡀ㐍ࡳࠊᝈ⪅ࡢ㏥㝔ᚋࡢ༠ຊࢆᚓࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛
ࡁࡓࠋ
ᝈ⪅ࡢᅇ᚟ලྜ࡟ᐙ᪘ࡢ↔⇱ឤࡀ㧗ࡲࡾࠊᝒჃࠊ࠾ࡼࡧ⮬
ẅᛕ៖ࢆッ࠼ጞࡵࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊಙ㢗㛵ಀࡢᵓ⠏ࠊ
࢔ࢭࢫ࣓ࣥࢺࠊឤ᝟⾲ฟࡢሙࡢᥦ౪ࠊᐙ᪘㛫ࡢㄪᩚ࡜ࢧ
࣏࣮ࢺࠊᩍ⫱ⓗാࡁ࠿ࡅ➼ࡢ௓ධࢆ᪋⾜ࡋࡓࠋ
ᐙ᪘ࡣࠊᖖ࡟ᝈ⪅ࡢ⮬ẅࡢ୙Ᏻࢆᢪ࠸࡚࠸ࡓࡀࠊྜྠ㠃᥋
ࡢ୰࡛ㄝ᫂ࠊᣦᑟࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢⱞປࢆࡡࡂࡽ࠺
ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊᐙ᪘ࡶ⮬ศࡢឤ᝟ࢆྤ㟢ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ
⮬ẅᛕ៖ࢆッ࠼ࡿᝈ⪅ᐙ᪘࡟ࡣࠊ⮬ẅࡢࢧ࢖ࣥࡸ⮬ẅᡭẁ
⑌ᝈࡸ㞀ᐖ࡟ᑐࡍࡿṇࡋ࠸▱㆑࡜ᑐᛂࡢ௙᪉࡟㛵ࡍ
ࣜࢫࢡࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓ᫬ࡢᑐᛂ᪉ἲ࡞࡝ࢆྵࡵࡓᩍ⫱ࣉࣟࢢࣛ
ࡿᚰ⌮ᩍ⫱
࣒ࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿ
Ẽᣢࡕࡢཷᐜࠊ⑌ᝈ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᩍ⫱
཮ᴟᛶ㞀ᐖࡢ἞⒪࡟ࠊ⸆≀⒪ἲ࡜ᚰ⌮ᩍ⫱ࠊᨭᣢⓗ⢭⚄⒪
⑌ᝈ࡜἞⒪ࡢὶࢀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᝈ⪅ᐙ᪘࡬ࡢᚰ⌮ᩍ⫱ࠋ ἲࠊ⢭⚄ຊື⒪ἲࢆ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ⑕≧ࡢᐶゎࠊ
42/ࡢᨵၿࡀࡳࡽࢀࠊ⑕≧ࡢ෌Ⓨ࡟᭷ຠ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
ᐙ᪘࡬ࡢᚰ⌮ᩍ⫱࠾ࡼࡧ௓ධࠋᚰ⌮ᩍ⫱࡛ࡣࠊ⮬ẅ
⾜ືࡢᮏ㉁ࠊ࠺ࡘ⑓࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ⮴Ṛⓗᡭẁ࠿ࡽᏲࡿ
ṓࡢ࠺ࡘ⑓ࡢⱝᖺ⪅ྡ㸦ᖹᆒᖺ ࡇ࡜ࡢᚲせᛶࢆఏ࠼ࡿࠋᐙ᪘ࡢ⾜ືάᛶ໬ࠊឤ᝟ㄪ 㟷ᑡᖺࡢ⮬ẅࣜࢫࢡࢆῶࡽࡍࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊ⮬ẅண㜵ࡢࡓࡵࡢ
ㄆ▱⾜ື⒪ἲ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊಶே⒪ἲࡣࡶࡕࢁࢇࡢࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿ
⠇ࠊㄢ㢟ゎỴࠊࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࠊㄆ▱ࡢ෌ᵓᡂ
㱋ព“ṓ㸧
ࡀࠊᐙ᪘࡬ࡢ௓ධࡶྠ➼࡟ᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
࡜࠸ࡗࡓᐙ᪘ࣔࢪ࣮ࣗࣝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᢏ⬟カ⦎ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ
ࡿࠋ
௦ዪᛶ
኱㔞᭹⸆࡟ࡼࡾୗ⫥࡟㞀ᐖࢆṧࡍ
ᐙ᪘⒪ἲࡣࠊ%3'ࡢ⢭⚄⒪ἲࡢ㔜せ࡞୍㒊࡛࠶ࡿࠋ≉
ᐙ᪘⒪ἲ࡛ࡣࠊ࡝࠺࠸ࡗࡓ᫬࡟%3'ࡢ⑕≧ࡀᐙ᪘ᶵ ࡟ࠊᦤ㣗㞀ᐖࢆేᏑࡋࡓ㟷ᖺᮇࡢዪᛶᝈ⪅ࡢ἞⒪࡛ࡣ㔜せ
ቃ⏺ᛶࣃ࣮ࢯࢼࣜࢸ࢕㞀ᐖ㸦%3'㸧ࢆᢪ ⬟࡟ࢿ࢞ࢸ࢕ࣈ࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍࡢ࠿ࠊࡲࡓᐙ᪘ෆࡢ ࡞ಖㆤⓗᙺ๭ࢆᯝࡓࡍࠋᚰ⌮ᩍ⫱ࡀ᭷ຠ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊᐙ᪘⒪
ၥ㢟ࡀ%3'ࡢ⑕≧ࢆᝏ໬ࡉࡏࡿࡢ࠿࡜࠸ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࢆ ἲࡢࡳࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡣ᥎ዡࡉࢀ࡞࠸ࠋᐙ᪘⒪ἲࡣࠊ㏻ᖖࡣ㏆
࠼ࡓᛮ᫓ᮇࡢዪᛶ
ぶ⪅࡟ᐇ᪋ࡉࢀࡿࡀࠊ㐺ษ࡛࠶ࢀࡤࡑࡢ⠊ᅖࡀᣑ኱ࡍࡿࡇ
ᥦ♧ࡍࡿࠋ
࡜ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ
ࢥࣥࢺ࣮ࣟࣝ⩌஦౛ࡢᐙ᪘࡟ࡣ㏻ᖖࡢ⮬ẅ࡟㛵ࡍ
ࡿࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࢆࠊ௓ධ⩌᫬౛ࡢᐙ᪘࡟ࡣ⣙᫬㛫ࡢ ᚰ⌮ᩍ⫱௓ධ⩌࡛ࡣࠊ௓ㆤ⬟ຊࡸ⮬ẅ࡟ᑐࡍࡿែᗘ࡟ࡘ࠸
⮬ẅ࡬ࡢᨭ᥼࡟㛵ࡍࡿᚰ⌮ᩍ⫱ࢆᐇ᪋⮬ẅ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ ࡚࣏ࢪࢸ࢕ࣈ࡞ኚ໬ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓࠋ
ែᗘࡸ௓ㆤࢫࢺࣞࢫ➼ࢆ ᐃࠋ
グ㍕࡞ࡋ
ṓࡢⱝᖺ⪅
୺せ࡞⤖ᯝ
஦౛࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊᐙ᪘ࡶྵࡵࡓㄆ▱⾜ື⒪ἲࢆᐇ
᪋ࠋᐙ᪘࡟ࡣࠊᏊ࡝ࡶࡢ⮬ẅ௻ᅗࡢ෌Ⓨண㜵࡟ྥࡅ ࣧ᭶ᚋ࡟ࡣࠊ⮬ẅ㛵㐃⾜ືࠊ⤯ᮃឤࠊⱝᖺ⪅࡜ぶࡢᢚ࠺
ࡓࢫ࢟ࣝࢆ☻ࡃࡓࡵࡢࢭࢵࢩࣙࣥࡶ⾜ࢃࢀࡿࠋࣧ᭶ ࡘࡢᨵၿࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓࠋ
ᚋ࡜ࣧ᭶ᚋࡢࣇ࢛࣮ࣟ࢔ࢵࣉࠋ
ᐙ᪘࡬ࡢ௓ධ࣭ᨭ᥼㸭ㄪᰝ᪉ἲ
⾲ࠉ⮬ẅᮍ㐙⪅ࡢᐙ᪘ᨭ᥼࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲
⮬ẅᮍ㐙⪅ࡢ≉ᚩ
- 48 -
బࠎᮌ ೺୍
%UHQW'$
5RWKHUDP%RUXV0-HWDO
+DUULQJWRQ5HWDO
%\IRUG6HWDO
+DUULQJWRQ5HWDO
5RWKHUDP%RUXV0-HWDO
7RXPERXURX-:HWDO
&KLWVDEHVDQ3HWDO
ᑠᓟ ᚿ㭯Ꮚ௚
+XH\6HWDO
℈ᮏ ᐇஓ௚
ฟ∧ᖺ
୰ᓥ ࡳ࡝ࡾ௚
ᮌᮧ ༓㭯
ⴭ⪅
ᐇド◊✲
ᐇド◊✲
ᐇド◊✲
ᐇド◊✲
ᐇド◊✲
⥲ㄝ
ᐇド◊✲
ᐇド◊✲
ᐇド◊✲
⑕౛ሗ࿌
⑕౛ሗ࿌
ẚ㍑◊✲
⑕౛ሗ࿌
㉁ⓗ◊✲
ㄽᩥࡢ✀㢮
ᝈ⪅ࡢ⮬ẅ⾜ືࢆయ㦂ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊᐙ᪘ࡣᙉ࠸⾪ᧁࢆཷࡅ
ࡿࡀࠊ➨୕⪅࡟ᡴࡕ᫂ࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡎ࡟ⱞᝎࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ
ᐙ᪘ࡢᚰ⌮࡟ࡶ↔Ⅼࢆᙜ࡚ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せࠋ
ᐙ᪘ࡢᵝࠎ࡞᝟⥴య㦂ࢆཷࡅ࡜ࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࠊ᫬࡟ࡣᐙ᪘ࡀ㍈
࡜࡞ࡗ࡚ࢣ࢔ࢆࡋࡓ࠸࡜࠸࠺ᐙ᪘ࡢ୺యᛶࢆᑛ㔜ࡍࡿࡇ
࡜ࠊᐙ᪘ࢆᏙ⊂࡟ࡏࡎ࡟᝟⥴ࡢᏳᐃࢆᅗࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᐙ᪘ᨭ᥼
࡟ᚲせࠋ
୺せ࡞⤖ᯝ
௓ධ⩌ࡢ㟷ᑡᖺࡣࠊࢥࣥࢺ࣮ࣟࣝ⩌࡟ẚ࡭࡚ᖺᚋࡢ⮬ẅ
௻ᅗ⋡ࡀῶᑡࡋࡓࡀࠊ௓ධ⩌ࡢᙜึࡢ⮬ẅ௻ᅗ⋡ࡣ㧗࠿ࡗ
ࡓࡓࡵࠊᖺᚋࡢ⮬ẅ௻ᅗ⋡ࡑࡢࡶࡢࡣࢥࣥࢺ࣮ࣟࣝ⩌࡜
ྠ⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
஦౛࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ5&7࡟ࡼࡿ࣐ࣝࢳࢩࢫࢸ࣐
ࢸ࢕ࢵࢡࢭࣛࣆ࣮㸸㸦⾜ື㠃ࡸឤ᝟㠃࡛ၥ㢟ࢆᢪ࠼
ࡓⱝ⪅ࡢᐙ᪘࡟ᑐࡍࡿᅾᏯ࡛ࡢᐙ᪘௓ධ㸧ࢆᐇ᪋ࠋ
⮬ẅᛕ៖ࠊᢚ࠺ࡘࠊぶ࡟ࡼࡿ⟶⌮➼ࢆࣧ᭶ᚋ࡜ᖺ
ᚋ࡟ホ౯ࠋ
ಖㆤ⪅ࡀᩍ⫱ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆཷࡅࡓᏛᰯࡢ⏕ᚐࡣࠊ௓ධ๓ᚋ
࡛ẕぶ࡜ࡢ㛵ࢃࡾࡀቑ࠼ࠊぶ࡜ࡢࡶࡵࡈ࡜ࠊ≀㉁౑⏝ࠊ㠀
⾜ࡀῶᑡࡋࡓࠋಖㆤ⪅࡬ࡢ඲యⓗ࡞௓ධࡣࠊᏊ࡝ࡶࡢ⮬ẅ
࡟㛵ࢃࡿせᅉ࡟୍ᐃࡢᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ࡿࠋ
Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡀ࠺ࡘ⑓࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ᐙ᪘࡬ࡢゼၥ࡛ࡣࠊᐙ᪘ࡢ⮬ẅᛕ
៖ࡀῶᑡࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊ⤯ᮃឤࡸᢚ࠺ࡘഴྥࠊᏊ࡝ࡶࡢㄢ
㢟ゎỴ࡜࠸ࡗࡓኚ໬࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡶࡓࡽࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡜
⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋ
ྡࡢᐙ᪘ࡀᡤᐃࡢࢣ࢔ࠊྡࡢᐙ᪘ࡀᡤᐃࡢࢣ࢔
࡟ຍ࠼࡚ࠊᐙ᪘ၥ㢟ࡢㄢ㢟ゎỴ࡟ྥࡅࡓࢯ࣮ࢩࣕࣝ ௓ධᚋࠊ⩌㛫࡛⮬ẅᛕ៖ࡸ⤯ᮃឤࠊᐙ᪘ᶵ⬟ࡢ᭷ព࡞ᕪ
࣮࣮࣡࢝࡟ࡼࡿᅇࡢゼၥࢭࢵࢩࣙࣥࢆཷࡅࡓࠋࣨ ࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡀࠊ἞⒪࡬ࡢ‶㊊ᗘ࡛ࡣࠊゼၥࢆཷࡅࡓᐙ᪘ࡢ
࡯࠺ࡀ㧗࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
᭶ᚋ࡜ࣨ᭶ᚋ࡟⮬ẅᛕ៖➼ࢆホ౯ࠋ
ྡࡢᐙ᪘ࡀᡤᐃࡢࢣ࢔ࠊྡࡢᐙ᪘ࡀᡤᐃࡢࢣ࢔
௓ධᚋࠊ⩌㛫࡛㈝⏝ᑐຠᯝࡢᕪࡣㄆࡵࡽࢀࡎࠊᡤᐃࡢࢣ
࡟ຍ࠼࡚ࠊᐙ᪘ၥ㢟ࡢㄢ㢟ゎỴ࡟ྥࡅࡓࢯ࣮ࢩࣕࣝ
࢔࡜ࠊᐙ᪘࡬ࡢࢯ࣮ࢩ࣮ࣕࣝ࣡ࢡ࡟ࡼࡿ௓ධ࡛ྠ⛬ᗘ࡛
࣮࣮࣡࢝࡟ࡼࡿᅇࡢゼၥࢭࢵࢩࣙࣥࢆཷࡅࠊࣨ᭶
࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
ᚋ࡟ホ౯ࠋ
ྡࡢᐙ᪘ࡀᡤᐃࡢࢣ࢔ࠊྡࡢᐙ᪘ࡀᡤᐃࡢࢣ࢔
࡟ຍ࠼࡚ࠊᐙ᪘ၥ㢟ࡢㄢ㢟ゎỴ࡟ྥࡅࡓࢯ࣮ࢩࣕࣝ
࣮࣮࣡࢝࡟ࡼࡿᅇࡢゼၥࢭࢵࢩࣙࣥࢆཷࡅࡓࠋ
㏻ᖖࡢᩆᛴᩆ࿨ࡢࢣ࢔ࢆཷࡅࡓ⩌࡜ࠊ⮬ẅᛕ៖࡟㛵 ≉ู࡞ࢣ࢔ࢆཷࡅࡓ⩌࡛ࡣࠊᑡዪࡽࡢᢚ࠺ࡘᚓⅬࡀపࡃࠊ
ࡍࡿࢻ࣐ࣛࠊᐙ᪘⒪ἲࢭࢵࢩࣙࣥ➼࠿ࡽ࡞ࡿ≉ู࡞ ẕぶ࡜ࡢ⤖ࡧ௜ࡁࡀపࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࢣ࢔࡜⑕≧ࡢ㔜ࡉ࡛
ࡢ஺஫స⏝࡛ࡣࠊ⑕≧ࡀ㔜⠜࡞ᝈ⪅ࡢẕぶ࡬ࡢ≉ู࡞ࢣ࢔
ࢣ࢔ࢆཷࡅࠊࣨ᭶ᚋ࡟ホ౯ࠋ
ࡣࠊ኱ࡁ࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼࡚࠸ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋ
㟷ᑡᖺࡢ⮬ẅண㜵࡟ྥࡅࡓᮃࡲࡋ࠸௓ධࡣࠊࡺࡀࢇࡔㄆ
ᐙ᪘ࡶྵࡵࡓ⢭⚄་Ꮫⓗࠊᚰ⌮♫఍ⓗ≉ᚩࡢ࢔ࢭࢫ
▱ࠊࢯ࣮ࢩࣕࣝࢫ࢟ࣝࡢㄢ㢟ࠊឤ᝟ㄪ⠇ᶵ⬟ࢆᨵၿࡍࡿࡇ
࣓ࣥࢺࠋᐙ᪘࡬ࡢᚰ⌮ᩍ⫱࡜௓ධࠋ
࡜ࠊࡉࡽ࡟ᐙ᪘࡬ࡢᚰ⌮ᩍ⫱࡟ࡼࡿ௓ධ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
Ꮫᰯࡢಖㆤ⪅࡟Ꮚ࡝ࡶ࡜ࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡸ㛵
ಀᛶࡢྥୖࢆ┠ᣦࡋࡓᩍ⫱ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆᐇ᪋ࠋ௓ධ
๓࡜ࣨ᭶ᚋ࡟ࠊࡑࡢᏛᰯ࡟㏻࠺⏕ᚐ㸦ྡ㸧ࡢ≀
㉁౑⏝ࡸ⮬യ⾜Ⅽࠊᢚ࠺ࡘ➼ࢆ ᐃࠋಖㆤ⪅࡬ࡢᩍ
⫱ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆᐇ᪋ࡋ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࢥࣥࢺ࣮ࣟࣝ⩌ࡢᏛ
ᰯࡢ⏕ᚐ㸦ྡ㸧࡜ẚ㍑ࠋ
஦౛࡟ࡘ࠸࡚5&7࡟ࡼࡿᅾᏯ࡛ࡢᐙ᪘௓ධࢆᐇ
ぶࡢ࣓ࣥࢱࣝ࣊ࣝࢫ࡜ࠊᝈ⪅ࡢ㐣ཤࡢ⮬ẅ௻ᅗṔࡣࠊ⧞ࡾ
᪋ࡋࠊ࠿᭶ࡈ࡜ࣨ᭶ᚋ࡟ྛኚᩘࢆ ᐃࡋࡑࡢຠᯝ ㏉ࡉࢀࡿ⮬യ⾜Ⅽࡢ኱ࡁ࡞ண せᅉ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
ࢆ᳨ウࠋ
≧ἣ⌮ゎ࡟ⱞࡋࢇ࡛࠸ࡓᐙ᪘࡬ࡢⓗ☜࡞᝟ሗᥦ౪࡜⾜ືᣦ
㔪ࡢ᫂♧࡟ࡼࡾࠊឤ᝟ࡢ⾲ฟࡀྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡾࠊᝈ⪅ࡢᚰ⌮♫
఍ⓗ⫼ᬒࡢ࢔ࢭࢫ࣓ࣥࢺ࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡗࡓࠋ
㠃఍๓࡟ᐙ᪘࡜㠃ㄯࡢሙࢆタࡅࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊᐙ᪘ࡢ୙Ᏻࡸឤ
᝟ࢆ⾲ฟࡋࠊᝈ⪅ࢆཷᐜ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋ
㠃ㄯࠊ᝟ሗᥦ౪࡜⾜ືᣦ㔪ࡢ᫂♧
㠃ㄯ
ࣉࣟࢭࢫࣞࢥ࣮ࢻ࡟ࡼࡿศᯒࠊ&16)$&(ࡢ ᐃ⤖ ᐙ᪘ࡢࠕ⫯ᐃࡋ࡚࡯ࡋ࠸ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࢽ࣮ࢻࡣࠊ&16)$&(
ᯝ࡜ᐙ᪘࡬ࡢ࢖ࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗㄪᰝ⤖ᯝ࡜ẚ㍑
࡛ࡣ ᐃ୙⬟ࠋ
㠃ㄯ
ᝈ⪅ᐙ᪘ྡ࡬ࡢ࢖ࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗㄪᰝ
ᐙ᪘࡬ࡢ௓ධ࣭ᨭ᥼㸭ㄪᰝ᪉ἲ
≉ูࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆཷㅮࡋࡓ⪅ࡣࠊࡼࡾከࡃࡢࢭࢵࢩࣙࣥ࡟
⮬ẅ௻ᅗ࡛ᩆᛴᩆ࿨࡟ᦙ㏦ࡉࢀࡓࣛࢸࣥ ேࡀ㏻ᖖࡢᩆᛴᩆ࿨࡟ࡼࡿࢣ࢔ࢆࠊேࡀᐙ᪘ᩍ ཧຍࡍࡿഴྥ࡟࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊẕぶࡣࢣ࢔ࢆ᏶஢ࡍࡿഴྥࡀప
⣔㟷ᑡᖺ
⫱ࡸᐙ᪘⒪ἲ➼ࢆྵࢇࡔ≉ูࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆཷࡅࡓࠋ ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ≉ูࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆཷㅮࡋࡓᝈ⪅ࡢẕぶࡣࠊ
἞⒪ࡸᐙ᪘㛫஺ὶ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚๓ྥࡁ࡞ጼໃࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ
ṓᮍ‶ࡢ᭹ẘᝈ⪅
ṓᮍ‶ࡢ᭹ẘᝈ⪅
ṓᮍ‶ࡢ᭹ẘᝈ⪅
㹼ṓࡢዪᛶ
㟷ᑡᖺ
ṓࡢ⏕ᚐ
᭹ẘ⮬ẅࢆᅗࡗࡓᏊ࡝ࡶ
ṓࡢ㟷ᑡᖺ
௦⏨ᛶ
௦⏨ᛶ
௦ዪᛶ
㧗㱋⪅ࠊ࠺ࡘ⑓
࠺ࡘ⑓ࠊ⮬ẅᛕ៖
⮬ẅᮍ㐙⪅ࡢ≉ᚩ
㸦㸧ㄽᩥࡢ✀㢮
ᐇド◊✲ ⦅ࠊ⑕౛ሗ࿌ ⦅ࠊ⥲ㄝ ⦅ࠊࡑࡢ௚ ⦅࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋㅖእᅜ࡛ࡣࠊ
ᖺ๓ᚋ࡟࠾࠸࡚ᐙ᪘࡬ࡢᚰ⌮ᩍ⫱ࡸ௓ධ࡟ࡼࡿᐇド◊✲ࡢሗ࿌ࡀከࡃࡳࡽࢀࡓࠋࢃࡀᅜ࡛
ࡣࠊ ᖺ௦༙ࡤ㡭࠿ࡽࠊ⑕౛ሗ࿌࡛ᐙ᪘࡬ࡢᨭ᥼࡟ゝཬࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊᐙ᪘ᨭ᥼ࡸ
ᐙ᪘௓ධ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ゝཬࡉࢀࡓᐇド◊✲ࡣࡳࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
㸦㸧⮬ẅᮍ㐙⪅ࡢ≉ᚩ
ㅖእᅜࡢᐇド◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ⮬ẅᮍ㐙ࢆᅗࡗࡓ ௦ࡢⱝᖺ⪅࡜࠸ࡗࡓ≉ᚩࡀ࠶ࡆࡽࢀࡓࠋ࠸
ࡗࡱ࠺ࢃࡀᅜࡢሗ࿌࡛ࡣࠊ ௦࠿ࡽ㧗㱋⪅࡜ᖺ㱋ᒙࡀᖜᗈࡃࠊ⢭⚄⑌ᝈࡣ࠺ࡘ⑓ࠊ⤫ྜኻ
ㄪ⑕ࠊቃ⏺ᛶࣃ࣮ࢯࢼࣜࢸ࢕㞀ᐖ➼ࡀࡳࡽࢀࡓࠋ
㸦㸧ᐙ᪘࡬ࡢ௓ධ࣭ᨭ᥼㸭ㄪᰝ᪉ἲ
5&7 ࡢ◊✲ࢹࢨ࢖ࣥ࡟ࡼࡿᐇド◊✲ࡣ ⦅࡛࠶ࡾࠊᝈ⪅ᮏே࡬ࡢ≉ู࡞ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡢ୰
࡟ࠊᐙ᪘࡬ࡢᚰ⌮ᩍ⫱ࡸᐙ᪘⒪ἲ➼ࡀྵࡲࢀࡓࢣ࢔ࢆཷࡅࡓ௓ධ⩌࡜ࠊ㏻ᖖࡢᩆᛴᩆ࿨࡟
࠾ࡅࡿࢣ࢔➼ࢆཷࡅࡓࢥࣥࢺ࣮ࣟࣝ⩌࡜࡛ࠊࡑࡢᚋࡢᝈ⪅ࡢ⮬ẅᮍ㐙⋡ࡸᢚ࠺ࡘഴྥ➼ࢆ
ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡑࡢከࡃࡀࠊᝈ⪅ࡢ⮬ẅ෌௻ᅗண㜵࡟㛵ࢃࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊᝈ⪅ᐙ᪘ࡢ
ᚰ⌮ᑻᗘࡢẚ㍑ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࡶࡢࡶ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓ ࠋ
⑕౛ሗ࿌࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊࡑࡢ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ࡀ㠃᥋ࡸᚰ⌮ᩍ⫱ࡀᐙ᪘࡬ࡢ୺ࡓࡿᨭ᥼࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
ᝈ⪅ᐙ᪘࡬ࡢ࢖ࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗㄪᰝ࠿ࡽࠊᐙ᪘ᨭ᥼ࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉ࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓ◊✲ࡶࡳࡽࢀࡓ ࠋ
㸦㸧୺せ࡞⤖ᯝ
5&7 ࡟ࡼࡿᐇド◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ௓ධ⩌ࡢ࡯࠺ࡀᝈ⪅ࡢ⮬ẅᛕ៖ࡸᢚ࠺ࡘឤࡀῶᑡࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ࡜
ࡍࡿሗ࿌ ࡀ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡗࡱ࠺࡛ࠊ௓ධ⩌࡜ࢥࣥࢺ࣮ࣟࣝ⩌࡛ࡑࢀࡽ࡟ᕪࡣ࡞࠸࡜ࡍࡿሗ࿌
ࡶ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࠋ௓ධ⩌࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊᐙ᪘ࡢ⮬ẅᛕ៖ࡸᢚ࠺ࡘឤࡢῶᑡࡀぢࡽࢀࡓ࡜ࡍࡿሗ࿌
ࡸࠊ἞⒪࡬ࡢ‶㊊ᗘࡢ㧗ࡉࢆሗ࿌ࡋࡓࡶࡢ ࡶ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
⑕౛ሗ࿌࡛ࡣࠊᚰ⌮ᩍ⫱ࡸ㠃᥋➼࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ⑌ᝈ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ⌮ゎࡀ῝ࡲࡗࡓࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊ
ᐙ᪘ࡢឤ᝟⾲ฟࡢᶵ఍࡜࡞ࡾࠊᝈ⪅ཬࡧᐙ᪘ࡢᏳᐃ࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠺ሗ࿌ࡀከࡃࡳࡽࢀ
ࡓࠋ
㸬⪃ᐹ
⢭⚄㞀ᐖࢆࡶࡘேࢆ㌟㏆࡞࡜ࡇࢁ࡛᪥ᖖⓗ࡟ᨭ᥼࡛ࡁࡿࡢࡣࠕ᥼ຓ⪅࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᐙ᪘࡛ࠖ
࠶ࡾࠊࡑ࠺ࡋࡓᐙ᪘࡬ࡢᚲせ࡞ࢧ࣏࣮ࢺ࡜ࢥࣥࢧࣝࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せ࡛࠶
ࡿ ࠋࡑ࠺ࡋࡓᐙ᪘࡟ᑐࡍࡿᨭ᥼࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊᐙ᪘ࡢឤ᝟⾲ฟ࡜ᐙ᪘ᚰ⌮ᩍ⫱ࡢ᭷ຠᛶࡀ
ᐇドࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ
ࠋ௒ᅇࣞࣅ࣮ࣗࡋࡓ⤖ᯝ࠿࠿ࡽࡣࠊ⑕౛ሗ࿌࡟࠾࠸࡚⮬ẅᮍ㐙⪅ᐙ᪘
࡜ࡢ㠃ㄯࡸ㠃᥋ࡀࠊᐙ᪘ࡢឤ᝟⾲ฟࡢ㔜せ࡞ᶵ఍࡜࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊᐙ᪘ᚰ⌮
ᩍ⫱ࡣ⛉Ꮫⓗ௒⤒࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃᐇ㊶ࡢ᭱ࡶ௦⾲ⓗ࡞࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࡢࡦ࡜ࡘ࡜ㄆ㆑ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ ࠊᚰ
⌮ᩍ⫱࡛ṇࡋ࠸▱㆑ࡀఏ࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ⮬ẅᮍ㐙ᝈ⪅࡜ࡑࡢᐙ᪘ࡢᏳᐃ࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀ
ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓ࡜࠸࠼ࡿࠋ⮬ẅᮍ㐙࡜࠸࠺⾪ᧁⓗ࡞ฟ᮶஦࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊ୙Ᏻࡸᛣࡾࠊ
⮬㈐ࠊ௚⨩࡞࡝ࡢᵝࠎ࡞ᛮ࠸ࡸᡞᝨ࠸ࢆᢪࡃᐙ᪘࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊṇ☜࡞᝟ሗࡸ㐺ษ࡞ᑐᛂ᪉ἲ
- 49 -
ࢆ㌟࡟ࡘࡅ࡚ࡶࡽ࠺ᨭ᥼ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ᐇド◊✲ࡢ୰࡛⮬ẅᮍ㐙⪅ࡢᐙ᪘ᨭ᥼࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡶࡢࡣࠊࡍ࡭࡚ㅖእᅜ࡟
࠾ࡅࡿ◊✲࡛࠶ࡾࠊ⮬ẅᮍ㐙⪅ࡢ≉ᚩࡣ ௦ࡢⱝᖺ⪅࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡑࢀࡽࡢ୺せ࡞⤖ᯝࡣࠊ
ᚰ⌮ᩍ⫱ࡸᐙ᪘⒪ἲ➼ࡢᐙ᪘ᨭ᥼ࢆྵࡵࡓࢣ࢔ࢆཷࡅࡓᝈ⪅ᮏேࡢ⮬ẅ㛵㐃⾜ືࡸᢚ࠺ࡘ
ឤࠊ⤯ᮃឤ➼ࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓ࡜ࡍࡿࡶࡢࡸࠊᐙ᪘ࡢᢚ࠺ࡘࡸ⮬ẅᛕ៖ࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓ࡜ࡍࡿሗ
࿌ࡀ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡗࡱ࠺࡛ࠊ௓ධ⩌࡜ࢥࣥࢺ࣮ࣟࣝ⩌࡛ࠊ ᐃᣦᶆ࡟ᕪࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ࡜ࡍࡿሗ࿌ࡀ
࠶ࡗࡓࠋ௒ᚋࡶࠊᐙ᪘ᨭ᥼ࢆྵࡵࡓᝈ⪅࡬ࡢຠᯝⓗ࡞ᨭ᥼ࢆ᳨ウࡋ࡚࠸ࡃୖ࡛ࠊୡ௦ࡸ⑌
ᝈࡢ≉ᚩࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼ࡓ᭦࡞ࡿ◊✲ࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓࢃࡀᅜ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊ⮬ẅᮍ㐙⪅ᐙ᪘ᨭ
᥼࡟㛵ࡍࡿᐇド◊✲ࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ࡇ࠺ࡋࡓᐙ᪘ᨭ᥼ࡢ␃ពⅬ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊࡑࡢᑟධ࡟㝿ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊᐙ᪘࡜ࡢ㛵ಀసࡾࡸࢽ࣮ࢬ
࢔ࢭࢫ࣓ࣥࢺ࡜ᐙ᪘ࢣ࢔࣐ࢿࢪ࣓ࣥࢺࡀ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡾ ࠊᑓ㛛⫋࡟ࡼࡿᏳ᫆࡞ᑟධࡣᮃࡲࡋ
࠸࠸⤖ᯝࡣᚓࡽࢀ࡞࠸ ࠋࡲࡓࠊ⢭⚄⛉ᩆᛴ་⒪࢞࢖ࢻࣛ࢖ࣥ㸦㸧⮬ẅᮍ㐙⪅ᑐᛂ ࡟ࡣࠊ
⮬ẅᮍ㐙⪅ࡢ἞⒪ࡢ㝿࡟ࠊᐙ᪘ࡸ࿘ᅖ࡜ಙ㢗㛵ಀࢆᵓ⠏ࡋࠊ⮬ẅᮍ㐙⪅ࡢᨭ᥼యไࢆᵓ⠏
ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ኱ษ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᐙ᪘࣭࿘ᅖࡢ⪅࡟Ᏻᚰឤࢆ୚࠼ࡿࠊᝎࡳࢆཷᐜࡍࡿ➼࡜࠸
ࡗࡓලయⓗᐇ㊶㡯┠ࡀ♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇ࠺ࡋࡓᣦ᦬ࠊᥦゝࢆ඘ศ࡟ཧ⪃࡟ࡋࡓ࠺࠼࡛ࠊ⮬
ẅᮍ㐙⪅ࡢᐙ᪘ᨭ᥼࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ࢆ௒ᚋࡶ⵳✚ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ
࠙ᘬ⏝࣭ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ࠚ
$VDUQRZ-5%HUN0+XJKHV-/HWDO7KH6$)(7<3URJUDPD
WUHDWPHQWGHYHORSPHQWWULDORIDFRJQLWLYHEHKDYLRUDOIDPLO\WUHDWPHQWIRU
DGROHVFHQWVXLFLGHDWWHPSWHUV-&OLQ&KLOG$GROHVF3V\FKRO
%UHQW'$$VVHVVPHQWDQGWUHDWPHQWRIWKH\RXWKIXOVXLFLGDOSDWLHQW$QQ1<$FDG
6FL
%ULWYLþ'/DSHQGD%$QWLFHYLþ9HWDO3V\FKRVRFLDOLQWHUYHQWLRQDVWKHDGGLWLRQDO
WKHUDS\IRUELSRODUDIIHFWLYHGLVRUGHUDFDVHUHSRUW3V\FKLDWU'DQXE
%\IRUG6+DUULQJWRQ57RUJHUVRQ'HW DO&RVWHIIHFWLYHQHVVDQDO\VLVRID
KRPHEDVHGVRFLDOZRUNLQWHUYHQWLRQIRUFKLOGUHQDQGDGROHVFHQWVZKRKDYH
GHOLEHUDWHO\SRLVRQHGWKHPVHOYHV5HVXOWVRIDUDQGRPLVHGFRQWUROOHGWULDO%U-
3V\FKLDWU\
&KLWVDEHVDQ3+DUULQJWRQ5+DUULQJWRQ9HWDO3UHGLFWLQJUHSHDWVHOIKDUPLQ
FKLOGUHQKRZDFFXUDWHFDQZHH[SHFWWREH"(XU&KLOG$GROHVF3V\FKLDWU\
'L[RQ/0F)DODQFH:/HIOH\+HWDO(YLGHQFH%DVHG3UDFWLFHVIRUVHUYLFHWR
IDPLOLHVRISHRSOHZLWKSV\FKLDWULFGLVDELOLWLHV3V\FKLDWU6HUY
℈ᮏᐇஓ ᑿ㔝ᩄ᫂ 㐨ཪඖ⿱㸸⮬ẅ௻ᅗᝈ⪅ࡢẕぶ࡜ࡢ࠿࠿ࢃࡾ࠿ࡽᐙ᪘ࢽ࣮ࢻࢆ⪃
- 50 -
࠼ࡿ ࣉࣟࢭࢫࣞࢥ࣮ࢻ࡟ࡼࡿศᯒ&16)$&( ࡢ ᐃ⤖ᯝࢆẕぶ࡬ࡢ࢖ࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗ
⤖ᯝ࡜ẚ㍑᳨ウࡋ࡚㸬࢚࣐࣮ࢪ࢙ࣥࢩ࣮࣭ࢼ࣮ࢩࣥࢢ
+DUULQJWRQ5.HUIRRW0'\HU(0FQLYHQ)HWDO'HOLEHUDWHVHOISRLVRQLQJLQ
DGROHVFHQFHZK\GRHVDEULHIIDPLO\LQWHUYHQWLRQZRUNLQVRPHFDVHVDQGQRW
RWKHUV"-$GROHVF
+DUULQJWRQ5.HUIRRW0'\HU(HWDO5DQGRPL]HGWULDORIDKRPHEDVHGIDPLO\
LQWHUYHQWLRQIRUFKLOGUHQZKRKDYHGHOLEHUDWHO\SRLVRQHGWKHPVHOYHV-$P$FDG
&KLOG$GROHVF3V\FKLDWU\
ᖹ㔝ࡳࡂࢃ ᒣ⏣⣲᭸Ꮚ ᒣ⏣᭸ᶞ ௚㸸⢭⚄ಖ೺⚟♴ኈ࡜⮬ẅண㜵 ᩆ࿨ࢭࣥࢱ࣮࡟
࠾ࡅࡿ⮬ẅ௻ᅗ⪅࡬ࡢ࠿࠿ࢃࡾ㸬⚄ዉᕝ┴⢭⚄་Ꮫ఍ㄅ
ᖹᒣṇᐇ㸸
࠙ⱝᖺ஦౛ࡢぶ࡬ࡢᨭ᥼ࠚ 㟷ᑡᖺࡢ⤫ྜኻㄪ⑕ᝈ⪅ࡢᐙ᪘ᨭ᥼࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸬⢭
⚄⛉἞⒪Ꮫ
+XH\6+HQJJHOHU65RZODQG0HWDO0XOWLV\VWHPLFWKHUDS\HIIHFWVRQDWWHPSWHG
VXLFLGHE\\RXWKVSUHVHQWLQJSV\FKLDWULFHPHUJHQFLHV-RXUQDORIWKH$PHULFDQ
$FDGHP\RI&KLOG$GROHVFHQW3V\FKLDWU\²
ຍ⸨᫭ྖ ୕ୖඞኸ ᯇᮏⱥኵ㸸⮬ẅ෌௻ᅗ㜵Ṇࡢࡓࡵࡢㄆ▱⾜ື⒪ἲࢆྵࡵࡓໟᣓⓗ
࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ ᛮ᫓ᮇቃ⏺ᛶࣃ࣮ࢯࢼࣜࢸ࢕㞀ᐖࡢ ౛㸬⢭⚄⛉἞⒪Ꮫ
ᮌᮧ༓㭯㸸⮬ẅᛕ៖ࡢ࠶ࡿᝈ⪅ࢆࡶࡘᐙ᪘ࡢ᝟⥴ⓗయ㦂 ࠺ࡘ⑓ᝈ⪅ࡢᐙ᪘࡬ࡢ࢖ࣥࢱ
ࣅ࣮ࣗࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚㸬᪥ᮏ⢭⚄⛉┳ㆤᏛ఍ㄅ
ᑠᓟᚿ㭯Ꮚ ⏣୰බ⨾Ꮚ ὸ⏣ᫀ௦ ௚㸸⮬ẅ௻ᅗ࡟ࡼࡿᗈ⠊ᅖ⇕യ࡛ධ㝔ࡋࡓᝈ⪅ࡢ
⮬❧࡬ࡢ᥼ຓ㸬⇕യ /HII-9DXJKQ&୕㔝ၿኸ㸪∵ᓥᐃಙヂ㸸ศ⿣⑓࡜ᐙ᪘ࡢឤ᝟⾲ฟ㸬㔠๛ฟ∧ ᮾி
0DUFLQNR'%LOLþ9)DPLO\WKHUDS\DVDGGLWLRQWRLQGLYLGXDOWKHUDS\DQG
SV\FKRSKDUPDFRWKHUDS\LQODWHDGROHVFHQWIHPDOHSDWLHQWVVXIIHULQJIURP
ERUGHUOLQHSHUVRQDOLW\GLVRUGHUZLWKFRPRUELGLW\DQGSRVLWLYHVXLFLGDOKLVWRU\
3V\FKLDWU'DQXE
┈⏣ࡺ࠿ࡾ㸸ᝈ⪅ࡢ⑓≧࡟ᑐࡍࡿᝒჃ࠿ࡽࠊ⮬ẅᛕ៖ࢆッ࠼ࡣࡌࡵࡓᐙ᪘࡬ࡢ┳ㆤ௓ධ㸬
᪥ᮏ⢭⚄⛉┳ㆤᏛ఍ㄅ
ෆ㛶ᗓ㸸⮬ẅ⥲ྜᑐ⟇኱⥘㸦ᖹᡂ ᖺ ᭶ ᪥㛶㆟Ỵᐃ㸧
㸬
௰ᗙᚊᏊ ᇛ㛫ᚊᏊ ᐑᇛᩗ ௚㸸᪋タ࡬㌿ᡤࡍࡿᝈ⪅࠾ࡼࡧᐙ᪘࡬ࡢ㏥㝔ᨭ᥼ ᝈ
⪅࣭ᐙ᪘ࡢᚰ⌮ⓗኚ໬࡜┳ㆤ⪅ࡢᑐᛂࢆどⅬ࡟ࡋ࡚ࡢ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ㸬᪥ᮏ⢭⚄⛉┳ㆤᏛ఍
ㄅ
୰ᓥࡳ࡝ࡾ ℈ᓮࡉࡺࡾ ┿ቨ⏤⨾Ꮚ㸸ᕼṚᛕ៖ࡢ࠶ࡿ⪁ᖺᮇ࠺ࡘ⑓ᝈ⪅ࡢ┳ㆤ ஦
౛ࢆ㏻ࡋ┳ㆤࢆ᣺ࡾ㏉ࡿ㸬᪥ᮏ⢭⚄⛉┳ㆤᏛ఍ㄅ
- 51 -
᪥ᮏ⢭⚄⛉ᩆᛴᏛ఍㸸⢭⚄⛉ᩆᛴ་⒪࢞࢖ࢻࣛ࢖ࣥ㸦⮬ẅᮍ㐙⪅ᑐᛂ㸧
㸬
኱ᓥᕑ㸸࡞ࡐᐙ᪘ᨭ᥼ࡀᚲせ࠿㸬⢭⚄⛉⮫ᗋࢧ࣮ࣅࢫ
኱ᓥᕑ㸪ఀ⸨㡰୍㑻㸸⢭⚄ศ⿣⑓ࡢᐙ᪘ᨭ᥼ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ࡟࠾ࡅࡿၥ㢟Ⅼ࡜␃ពⅬ㸬ඵᮌ
๛ᖹ⦅㸸⢭⚄⛉἞⒪ࡢ๪స⏝࣭ၥ㢟Ⅼ࣭ὀពⅬ㸬デ⒪᪂♫ ኱㜰
኱ᓥᕑ㸪୕㔝ၿኸ㸸(( ◊✲ࡢ㉳※࡜௒᪥ⓗㄢ㢟㸬⢭⚄⛉デ᩿Ꮫ
5RWKHUDP%RUXV0-3LDFHQWLQL-&DQWZHOO&HWDO7KHPRQWKLPSDFWRIDQ
HPHUJHQF\URRPLQWHUYHQWLRQIRUDGROHVFHQWIHPDOHVXLFLGHDWWHPSWHUV-&RQVXOW
&OLQ3V\FKRO
5RWKHUDP%RUXV0-3LDFHQWLQL-9DQ5RVVHP5HWDO(QKDQFLQJWUHDWPHQW
DGKHUHQFHZLWKDVSHFLDOL]HGHPHUJHQF\URRPSURJUDPIRUDGROHVFHQWVXLFLGH
DWWHPSWHUV-$P$FDG&KLOG$GROHVF3V\FKLDWU\
బࠎᮌ೺୍㸸⮬ẅ௻ᅗ࡟ࡼࡾ୍㓟໬Ⅳ⣲୰ẘ࡜࡞ࡗࡓᝈ⪅ཬࡧᐙ᪘ࡢ᥼ຓ㸬࢚࣐࣮ࢪ࢙
ࣥࢩ࣮࣭ࢼ࣮ࢩࣥࢢ
6WDQOH\%%URZQ*%UHQW'$HWDO&RJQLWLYHEHKDYLRUDOWKHUDS\IRUVXLFLGH
SUHYHQWLRQ&%763WUHDWPHQWPRGHOIHDVLELOLW\DQGDFFHSWDELOLW\-$P$FDG
&KLOG$GROHVF3V\FKLDWU\
6XQ).&KLDQJ&</LQ<+HWDO6KRUWWHUPHIIHFWVRIDVXLFLGHHGXFDWLRQ
LQWHUYHQWLRQIRUIDPLO\FDUHJLYHUVRISHRSOHZKRDUHVXLFLGDO-&OLQ1XUV
㕥ᮌ㞝ᕷ㸸⮬ẅ௻ᅗࡢ࠶ࡿ࠺ࡘ⑓ᝈ⪅ࡢ┳ㆤࢆ⪃࠼ࡿ
ᐙ᪘ᨭ᥼ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚Ꮫࢇࡔࡇ࡜㸬
᪥ᮏ⢭⚄⛉┳ㆤᏛ఍ㄅ
୕ୖඞኸ ⊦⫤ㄔྖ ᪩ᕝ඾⩏ ௚㸸ᛮ᫓ᮇ⮬ẅ௻ᅗ౛࡟ᑐࡍࡿ⮬ẅ෌௻ᅗ㜵Ṇࡢࡓࡵ
ࡢᐙ᪘࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ 㛗ᖺࡢᐙ᪘⫼ᬒࡀ⮬ẅ‽ഛᅉᏊ࡛࠶ࡿ஦౛࡬ࡢヨࡳ㸬ᐙ᪘⒪ἲ◊✲
ᒣᮏ┿Ꮚ㸸ከ㔞᭹⸆⮬ẅࢆᅗࡗࡓᝈ⪅ࡢ෌Ⓨண㜵ࢆྵࡵࡓ♫఍᚟ᖐ࡬ࡢാࡁ࠿ࡅ ⚄⤒
⛉࡜ෆ⛉ࡢ᭹⸆ㄪᩚ࡜ࠊᆅᇦ⚟♴࡜ࡢ㐃ᦠ㸬᪥ᮏ┳ㆤᏛ఍ㄽᩥ㞟 ⢭⚄┳ㆤ
- 52 -
Fly UP