口頭発表 - 日本哺乳類学会

口頭発表
63
口頭発表　9 月 9 日（金）　11:00 〜 17:00　A会場 宮崎観光ホテル「日向」 第１部 11:00 ∼ 12:00
11:00
A1-1 タイに生息するインドヒオドシコウモリKerivoula pictaの生態と社会について
○船越公威1・山本輝正2・水野昌彦3・大沢夕志3・大沢啓子3・福井 大4・吉倉智子5・
峰下 耕6・松村澄子7・三笠暁子3 (1鹿児島国際大・国際文化・ 生物学研究室,
2岐阜県立土岐紅陵高等学校, 3コウモリの会, 4National Institute of Biological
Resources, Korea・5筑波大・院・生命環境科学, 6自然動物研究所・7山口大・理工学）
11:15
A1-2 中国産Mogera insularisの分類
○本川雅治1・李 玉春2・原田正史3・呉 毅4・林 良恭5（1京都大・総合博,
2山東大威海分校・海洋, 3大阪市大・医, 4広州大・生命科学, 5東海大・生命科学）
11:30
A1-3 ミャンマー北部で捕獲されたアッサムモグラParascaptor leucuraについて
11:45
A1-4 飼育下カワネズミChimarrogale platycephalusの出産育仔と妊娠の成功例
○川田伸一郎（国立科学博物館動物研究部）
○菊地文一1・森部絢嗣2（1多摩動物公園飼育展示課, 2朝日大・歯・口腔解剖）
A会場 宮崎観光ホテル「日向」 第２部 13:00 ∼ 15:00
13:00
A2-1
FISH 法を用いたアカネズミ(Apodemus speciosus)のロバートソン型転座染色体
の同定と構造解析
○山岸 学1・松原和純2・松田洋一3・酒泉 満1（1新潟大学・院・自然科学,
名市大・院・システム自然科学, 3名古屋大学・院・生命農学）
2
13:15
A2-2 Apodemus draco, A. peninsulaeとA. latronumの地理的（水平と垂直）分布
13:30
A2-3 九州における二ホンハタネズミ（Microtus montebelli）の個体群構造
○金子之史（香川大名誉教授：香川県坂出市在住）
○松浦宜弘1・本川雅治2・疋田 努1（1京都大学・院・理学, 2京都大学総合博物館）
13:45
A2-4 沖縄島北部地域で捕獲された全身黒色型クマネズミの系統学的背景
○鈴木 仁1・乃美大佑1・神戸嘉一1,2・安田俊平3・中田勝士4（1北大院環境科学・
2イカリ消毒・3北大院医学病原微生物・4環境省やんばる野生生物保護セ）
14:00
A2-5
台湾馬祖列島のヒガシシナアジサシThalasseus bernsteini保護地における
コキバラネズミRattus loseaの分布と食性
⃝矢部辰男1・余 維道2・高 婉瑄2（1熱帯野鼠対策委員会・2中華鳥会）
14:15
A2-6
沖縄島北部におけるオキナワトゲネズミTokudaia muenninkiの
2009年調査以降に確認された新たな生息地
○山田文雄1・中田勝士2・村田知慧3・木戸文香3・黒岩麻里3・城ヶ原貴通4・越本知大5・
三谷 匡6・阿部愼太郎2・河内紀浩7・小高信彦1・高嶋敦史8（1森林総研, 2環境省那覇,
北大, 4岡山理科大, 5宮崎大, 6近畿大, 7島嶼生物研, 8琉大）
3
65
口頭発表　14:30
A2-7 絶滅のおそれのある九州のヤマネ ー分布と生態の特徴̶
○安田雅俊1・坂田拓司2（1森林総研九州・2熊本市立千原台高校）
14:45
A2-8 ヤマネの冬眠に関係する環境要因
○大野愛子1・安田雅俊2・井上昭夫1（1熊本県立大・環境共生学, 2森林総研・九州支所）
B会場 宮崎観光ホテル「紅」 第１部 11:00 ∼ 12:00
11:00
B1-1 低密度状況下におけるアライグマの探索・捕獲技術開発
○池田 透1・中井真理子１・島田健一郎１・山下國廣２・福江佑子３・小谷栄二４・川崎綾子４
（1北大文学研究科, 2軽井沢ﾄﾞｯｸﾞﾋﾞﾍｲﾋﾞｱ, ３あ−すわ−む, ４ﾌｧｰﾑｴｲｼﾞ）
11:15
B1-2 北海道野生生物観測ネットワーク ̶ 観測から何がわかるのか
11:30
B1-3 スマートセンサーを用いた新型捕獲技術の開発
○平川浩文（森林総合研究所・北海道支所）
○阿部 豪1,2・坂田宏志1,2・室山泰之1,2・田口 彰2・和倉慎治3・長瀬一彦3・臼井義美4・
那須義弘4（1兵庫県立大・自然・環境科学研究所, 2兵庫県森林動物研究センター,
3（株）アサヒ電子研究所, 4NPO情報セキュリティ研究所）
11:45
B1-4 野生動物の画像情報収集システム・バイオロギングの開発
○森光由樹1,2・阿部 豪1,2・中村幸子1,2・横山真弓1,2・室山泰之1,2
（1兵庫県立大学, 2兵庫県森林動物研究センター）
B会場 宮崎観光ホテル「紅」 第２部 13:00 ∼ 15:00
13:00
B2-1 中大型哺乳類による牧場利用実態
○塚田英晴1・石川圭介1・竹内正彦2・福江佑子3・南 正人4・深澤 充5・清水矩宏6
（1畜草研, 2中央農研, 3NPO法人あーすわーむ, 4麻布大, 5東北農研, 6神津牧場）
13:15
B2-2 安定同位体分析に基づく御崎馬の生態学的研究
13:30
B2-3 東シベリアにおける野生トナカイの季節移動：気候変動の影響と保全上の課題
○覚張隆史・米田 穣（東京大学大学院・新領域）
○立澤史郎1,2・I. M. Okhlopkov 3・E. V. Kirillin 3・E. A. Nikolaev 3・
N. G. Solomonov 3（1北大・文・地域, 2総合地球環境学研究所,
3
13:45
ロシア科学アカデミー寒冷地生物問題研究所）
B2-4 霧島山地におけるニホンジカの生息地利用
○矢部恒晶1・柳田蓉子2（1森林総研・九州, 2環境省えびの自然保護官事務所）
14:00
B2-5 林床の目立たない
、落葉を利用するニホンジカ
○高橋裕史1・梶 光一2（1森林総研関西, 2東京農工大）
66
9 月 9 日（金）
11:00 〜 17:00　14:15
B2-6 シカによる下層植生衰退防止に向けた必要捕獲数の算出
○岸本康誉1,2・藤木大介1,2・坂田宏志1,2
（1兵庫県立大学自然・環境科学研究所, 2兵庫県森林動物研究センター）
14:30
B2-7 誘引狙撃によるシカ捕獲手法の検証
○八代田千鶴1・小泉 透2・榎木 勉3（1森林総研九州, 2森林総研, 3九州大学）
14:45
B2-8 エゾシカ増加の初期段階における森林への影響
○明石信廣1・雲野 明1・寺澤和彦1・宇野裕之2（1道総研林試, 2道総研環境研）
B会場 宮崎観光ホテル「紅」 第３部 15:15 ∼ 17:00
15:15
B3-1 北海道東部の湿原におけるエゾシカの生息環境評価と密度水準の予測
15:30
B3-2 コストパス解析を用いた札幌市街地へのエゾシカ侵入経路の推測手法の検討
15:45
B3-3 オスのヒグマによる分布周縁部への非適応的分散
○稲富佳洋（道総研環境科学研究センター）
○立木靖之・赤松里香（特定非営利活動法人EnVision環境保全事務所）
○佐藤喜和1・伊藤哲治2・森 洋輔2・佐藤友香3・間野 勉4
（1日大生物資源, 2日大院生物資源, 3北大獣医, 4北海道総研）
16:00
B3-4 九州のクマ情報を整理する∼
16:15
B3-5 ヘア・トラップ法を用いた岩手県北奥羽地域個体群に生息する
ツキノワグマの生息数推定
○栗原智昭（MUZINA Press）
話から科学的情報へ∼
○山内貴義1・鞍懸重和1・深澤圭太2・米田政明3
（1岩手県環境保健研究センター, 2国立環境研, 3自然環境研究センター）
16:30
B3-6 ツキノワグマの採食品目の栄養学的特徴
○杉浦里奈1・加藤 真1・古賀桃子2・日紫喜文2・内山幸紀1・鈴木敏章2・加藤春喜3・
日野輝明2・新妻靖章2（1名城大・院・農, 2名城大・農,
3NPO法人白川郷自然共生フォーラム）
16:45
B3-7 堅果類凶作年に捕獲されたツキノワグマの栄養状態と繁殖状況
○中村幸子1,2・横山真弓1,2・斉田栄里奈2・森光由樹1,2
（1兵庫県立大学, 2兵庫県森林動物研究センター）
67
口頭発表　C会場 宮崎観光ホテル「初雁」 第１部 11:00 ∼ 12:00
11:00
C1-1 半月板の形態と走行
○後藤 慈1・和田直己2・川田 睦3・板本和仁2・宇根 智3
（1山口大・院・連合獣医学研究科, 2山口大・農学部, 3ネオべッツVRセンター）
11:15
C1-2 哺乳類椎骨の比較機能形態学的解析
11:30
C1-3 進化要因の解析―歯の組織形成と体制の原則―
11:45
C1-4 下顎骨形態の変異からみた富山県産イノシシにおける遺伝子流動
○犬塚則久（東京大・医）
○小澤幸重（歯と骨の訪問研究室）
○古橋芳輝1,2・安田 暁1・宮部慎吾1・山崎裕治1・横畑泰志1
（1富山大院･理工 , 2現, 名古屋市在住）
C会場 宮崎観光ホテル「初雁」 第２部 13:00 ∼ 15:00
13:00
C2-1 根絶間近な和歌山タイワンザル交雑個体群のモニタリング手法の試行
（GPSテレメと自動撮影カメラの併用）
○白井 啓1,2・高野彩子1,3・・清野紘典1,2・萩原 光1,4・岡野美佐夫1,2・鳥居春己1,3
（1和歌山タイワンザルワーキンググループ, 2野生動物保護管理事務所,
3
奈良教育大学自然環境教育センター, 4房総自然博物館）
13:15
C2-2 タイ王国・ロッブリー市における人間とカニクイザルとの軋轢
13:30
C2-3 ニホンザルの生息適地評価と野生生物保護管理
○吉田 洋・北原正彦（山梨県環境科学研究所・動物生態）
○土居理雅1・サンガ・ンゴイ・カザディ2
（1三重大・院・生物資源学部, 2立命館アジア太平洋大学）
13:45
C2-4 ニホンザル雌における体重・体長・出産率の年齢変化様式の個体群間比較
−高崎山と幸島−
○栗田博之1・鈴村崇文2・冠地富士男2
（1大分市教育委員会, 2京都大学野生動物研究センター）
14:00
C2-5 野生ニホンザルメスにおける発情の同調と交尾戦略
○藤田志歩1・杉浦秀樹2・清水慶子3
（1鹿児島大学農学部, 2京都大学野生動物研究センター, 3岡山理科大学理学部）
68
9 月 9 日（金）
11:00 〜 17:00　14:15
C2-6 霊長類の反芻行動の発見：テングザルの事例
○松田一希1・村井勅裕1・Marcus Clauss2・山田朋美3・Tuuga Augustine4・
Bernard Henry5・東 正剛6（1京都大学霊長類研究所, 2University of Zurich ,
3株式会社ジーンデザイン, 4Sabah Wildlife Department, 5University Malaysia Sabah,
6
14:30
北海道大学大学院）
C2-7 インドネシア、リンジャニ山高地に棲むカニクイザルの温泉浴行動
○渡邊邦夫1・ハディ イスラムル2・田中俊明3・木場礼子１・香田啓貴１
（1京都大霊長類研究所, 2マタラム大理学部, ３梅光学院大子ども学部）
14:45
C2-8 キタオットセイ胃内容物データに基づく
生物相の長期変動傾向の復元
○清田雅史・米崎史郎（水産総合研究センター遠洋水産研究所）
C会場 宮崎観光ホテル「初雁」 第３部 15:15 ∼ 17:00
15:15
C3-1 北海道厚岸地域におけるゼニガタアザラシの採
と上陸の関係
○羽根田貴行1・田村善太郎1・小林万里1,2
（1東農大・生物産業, 2NPO北の海の動物センター）
15:30
C3-2 採
行動の多様性から考えるゴマフアザラシの生息環境
○小林万里1, 2・加藤美緒1・木内政寛1・羽根田貴行1・増渕隆仁1・片貝耕輔1
（1東農大・生物産業, 2NPO北の海の動物センター）
15:45
C3-3 北太平洋産ミンククジラにおける骨盤および後肢痕跡の形態とその変異
○宮川尚子1・加藤秀弘1・伊藤春香2・安永玄太３・坂東武治３・木白俊哉4
（1東京海洋大学, 2中央水産研究所, ３日本鯨類研究所, 4遠洋水産研究所）
16:00
C3-4 北西太平洋の大型鯨類におけるブルセラ菌の血清疫学調査
○阿部瑛理香1,2・大石和恵2・坂東武治3・藤瀬良弘3・丸山正1,2
（1東京海洋大学大学院, 2独立行政法人海洋研究開発機構, 3財団法人日本鯨類研究所）
16:15
C3-5 抗シロイルカ白血球モノクローナル抗体の作製と血液細胞の分類
○齋藤千明1, 2・大石和恵1・中村欽光1・本郷悠貴1, 2・柿添裕香3・中澤正年4,
丸山 正1,2(1(独)海洋研究開発機構, 2東京海洋大学大学院,
3名古屋港水族館, 4横浜市立大学・医学部)
16:30
C3-6 ダニ媒介性感染症のリスク評価への小型哺乳類の生態学的研究からのアプローチ
○中本 敦1,2・木田浩司1・森光亮太2・小林秀司2・岸本壽男1
（1岡山県環境保健センター, 2岡理大・理）
16:45
C3-7 キタキツネと狂犬病 ー北海道における森林型流行の可能性ー
○浦口宏二（北海道立衛生研究所）
69
口頭発表　D会場 宮崎観光ホテル「大虹」 第１部 11:00 ∼ 12:00
11:00
D1-1 糞中DNAを用いたキタキツネ（Vulpes vulpes schrencki）の食性解析
○多田智記1・松井遥沙2・近藤 慧3・和田健太2・白木彩子2・横濵道成1,2・吉川欣亮1,4
（1東農大院・生産, 2東農大・生産, 3知床財団, 4都医学研・哺乳類遺伝）
11:15
D1-2 韓国におけるユーラシアカワウソ Lutra lutra のポテンシャル・
ハビタット・マップ作成
○⾦金金 炫稹1･増澤 直2･伊勢 紀2･安藤元一1･小川 博1（1東農大, 2株式会社地域環境計画）
11:30
D1-3 鹿児島市に生息するフイリマングースの水晶体重量に基づく年齢構成と繁殖サイクル
について
○新井あいか・船越公威（鹿児島国際大・国際文化研究科）
11:45
D1-4 イタチ科2種における体毛の微細構造の違いによる種判別の試み
○永里歩美・船越公威（鹿児島国際大・国際文化研究科）
D会場 宮崎観光ホテル「大虹」 第２部 13:00 ∼ 15:00
13:00
D2-1
スミソニアン自然史博物館に収蔵されている明治期の日本産哺乳類標本∼P. L. Jouy
コレクションについて∼
○河合久仁子1,2・Kristofer M. Helgen 2
（1北海道大学北方生物圏フィールド科学センター・
2
13:15
D2-2
スミソニアン国立自然史博物館哺乳類部門）
Gastrointestinal passage time of seeds ingested by captive Japanese
martens Martes melampus
⃝Yamato Tsuji1・Sayako Miura2・Toshiaki Shiraishi2
（1Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University,
2
13:30
D2-3
Toyama Municipal Family Park Zoo ）
The difference of pelvic shape between terrestrial and semiaquatic
carnivores
⃝Keiko Fukuoka¹, Masaharu Motokawa²
（¹Grad. sch. of Sci. Kyoto Univ, ²The Kyoto University Museum）
13:45
D2-4
Sexual dimorphism of skull allometry in the Japanese weasel Mustela
itatsi
⃝Satoshi Suzuki1, Masaharu Motokawa2（1Dept. Zool., Grad. Sch. Sci., Kyoto Univ.,
2
Kyoto University Museum, Kyoto Univ.)
70
9 月 9 日（金）
11:00 〜 17:00　14:00
D2-5
Testing heterochrony for dietary adaptations in skull morphology of
canids
⃝Masakazu Asahara1・Masaharu Motokawa2（1Graduate School of Sciences,
Kyoto University, 2Kyoto University Museum, Kyoto University）
14:15
D2-6 Allometry of masticatory muscles of the order Carnivora
⃝Kaoru Furuuchi1・Hideki Endo2（1Department of Earth and Planetary Science,
The University of Tokyo, 2The University Museum, The University of Tokyo）
14:30
D2-7
Morphological diversity and functional significance of the ossicles
among lipotyphlans
⃝Misato Hosojima1・Daisuke Koyabu2・Hideki Endo1（1The University Museum,
The University of Tokyo , 2The Kyoto University Museum）
14:45
D2-8
Heterochrony of cranial ossification sequence in Boreoeutherian
mammals
⃝Daisuke Koyabu1・Marcelo R. Sánchez-Villagra2・Hideki Endo3（1The Kyoto
University Museum, 2Paleontological Institute and Museum, University of Zürich,
The University Museum, The University of Tokyo）
3
D会場 宮崎観光ホテル「大虹」 第３部 15:15 ∼ 17:00
15:15
D3-1
Elbow extensor, flexor, and adductor moment arms as an indicator of
forelimb posture and scansorial ability in quadrupedal tetrapods
⃝Shin-ichi Fujiwara1,2・John R. Hutchinson2（1The University Museum, The
University of Tokyo, 2Royal Veterinary College）
15:30
D3-2
Macroscopic observation of male and female reproductive organ in
Korean water deer (Hydropotes inermis)
⃝JoonHyuk Sohn1 ・ YungKun Kim1 ・ Sang-In Kim1 ・ Peter Wooding2 ・
Junpei Kimura1（1College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University,
Seoul, Korea,2College of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University
of Cambridge, UK）
15:45
D3-3
Geographic variation in cranial shape of the greater Japanese shrew-
mole (Urotrichus talpoides) reflects chromosomal variation patterns
⃝Laura A. B. Wilson1・Masaharu Motokawa1・Masashi Harada2・
Norman MacLeod3・Eugenie Barrow4・Marcelo R. Sánchez-Villagra5（1The
Kyoto University Museum, 2Osaka City University Medical School, 3Natural
History Museum, 4University of Oxford, 5University of Zürich）
71
口頭発表　16:00
D3-4
CRANIOMETRIC VARIATION AMONG THE RACCOON DOG
POPULATIONS IN EURASIA
⃝Sang-In Kim1,2・Kaarina Kauhala4・ Hang Lee2,3・ Mi-Sook Min2,3・
Junpei Kimura1（1Lab. of Vet. Anatomy, 2Conservation Genome Resource Bank
for Korean Wildlife, Research Inst. for Vet. Sci.,
Coll. of Vet. Med. Seoul Nat l
3
Univ., Korea, 4Finnish Game and Fisheries Research Inst., Finland）
16:15
D3-5
The origin of the sable in Hokkaido inferred from mitochondrial NADH
dehydrogenase subunit 2 gene sequences
⃝Jun J. Sato1・Tetsuji Hosoda2・Alexey P. Kryukov3・Irina V. Kartavtseva3・
Hitoshi Suzuki4（1Dept. Biotech., Fukuyama Univ., 2Taikyu High School, 3Inst.
Biol. Soil Sci.,FEB, Russ. Acad. Sci., 4Grad. Sch. Env. Earth Sci., Hokkaido Univ.）
16:30
D3-6
Organization analysis of the mitochondrial DNA control region in the
genus Naemorhedus and Capricornis in the tribe Caprini (Bovidae)
⃝Junghwa An1,3・Hideo Okumura2・Yun-Sun Lee1・Kyung Seok Kim1・
Mi-Sook Min1・Hang Lee1（1CGRB, Research Institute for Veterinary Science,
College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 2FFPRI, 3NEI, Ministry
of Environment, South Korea）
16:45
D3-7
Population genetic structure and evolutionary history of Eurasian red
squirrels, Sciurus vulgaris, from East Asia
⃝Lee, Mu-Yeong1・Lee, Seo-Jin1・Inna Voloshina2・ Bayarlkhagva, Damdingiin3・
Min, Mi-Sook1・Lee, Hang1（1Conservation Genome Resource Bank for Korean
Wildlife,College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University,
State Nature Reserve,
Mongolia）
2
Lazovsky
Department of Molecular Biology, National University of
3
72
口頭発表　A会場：日向
第１部
B会場：紅
11:00
A1-1 タイに生息するインドヒオドシコウモリKerivoula
B1-1 低密度状況下におけるアライグマの探索・捕獲技術
11:15
A1-2 中国産Mogera insularisの分類
B1-2 北海道野生生物観測ネットワーク ̶ 観測から何がわ
11:30
A1-3 ミャンマー北部で捕獲されたアッサムモグラ
B1-3 スマートセンサーを用いた新型捕獲技術の開発
11:45
A1-4 飼育下カワネズミChimarrogale platycephalusの出
B1-4 野生動物の画像情報収集システム・バイオロギング
第２部
pictaの生態と社会について
開発
かるのか
Parascaptor leucuraについて
産育仔と妊娠の成功例
FISH 法を用いたアカネズミ(Apodemus
の開発
B2-1 中大型哺乳類による牧場利用実態
13:00
A2-1
13:15
A2-2 Apodemus draco, A. peninsulaeとA. latronumの
B2-2 安定同位体分析に基づく御崎馬の生態学的研究
13:30
A2-3 九州における二ホンハタネズミ（Microtus
B2-3 東シベリアにおける野生トナカイの季節移動：気候
13:45
A2-4 沖縄島北部地域で捕獲された全身黒色型クマネズミ
B2-4 霧島山地におけるニホンジカの生息地利用
14:00
A2-5 台湾馬祖列島のヒガシシナアジサシThalasseus
B2-5
14:15
A2-6 沖縄島北部におけるオキナワトゲネズミTokudaia
speciosus)のロバートソン型転座染色体の同定と構
造解析
地理的（水平と垂直）分布
montebelli）の個体群構造
変動の影響と保全上の課題
の系統学的背景
bernsteini保護地におけるコキバラネズミRattus
林床の目立たない
：落葉を利用するニホンジカ
loseaの分布と食性
muenninkiの2009年調査以降に確認された新たな
生息地
B2-6 シカによる下層植生衰退防止に向けた必要捕獲数の
算出
14:30
A2-7 絶滅のおそれのある九州のヤマネ ー分布と生態の
B2-7 誘引狙撃によるシカ捕獲手法の検証
14:45
A2-8 ヤマネの冬眠に関係する環境要因
B2-8 エゾシカ増加の初期段階における森林への影響
特徴̶
第３部
15:15
B3-1 北海道東部の湿原におけるエゾシカの生息環境評価
15:30
B3-2 コストパス解析を用いた札幌市街地へのエゾシカ侵
15:45
B3-3 オスのヒグマによる分布周縁部への非適応的分散
16:00
B3-4 九州のクマ情報を整理する
16:15
B3-5 ヘア・トラップ法を用いた岩手県北奥羽地域個体群
16:30
B3-6 ツキノワグマの採食品目の栄養学的特徴
16:45
B3-7 堅果類凶作年に捕獲されたツキノワグマの栄養状態
と密度水準の予測
入経路の推測手法の検討
∼
話から科学的情報へ∼
に生息するツキノワグマの生息数推定
と繁殖状況
74
9 月 9 日（金）
11:00 〜 17:00　75
口頭発表　タイに生息するインドヒオドシコウモリ Kerivoula picta の生態と社会につ
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9 月 9 日（金）
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Gastrointestinal passage time of seeds ingested by captive Japanese martens Martes
melampus
Yamato Tsuji1Sayako Miura2Toshiaki Shiraishi2
Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University1Toyama Municipal Family Park Zoo 2
The time it takes for ingested seeds to pass through the gut of animals is an important aspect of endozoochorous
seed dispersal because it influences seed dispersal distance. Variations in the physical characteristics of seeds,
such as their weight, volume, and specific gravity, can affect their movement through the gastrointestinal system
of a given animal. We conducted feeding experiments with captive Japanese martens, Martes melampus (n = 4),
at Toyama Municipal Family Park Zoo, central Japan to examine the effects of the physical characteristics of
seeds on their passage times. The mean (±SD) transit time, mean retention time, and time of last appearance of
four different types of commercial seeds were 2.6±0.3 h (range 0.6 – 5.4), 9.7±1.1 h (3.8 – 17.3), and 23.8±3.1 h
(12.2 – 51.8), respectively. All of these values are greater than those found during previous experiments
conducted with mustelids. Similar to previous studies, however, none of these passage time variables was
correlated with the physical characteristics of seeds. Our results thus indicate that martens disperse seeds of
different plant species, whose size, volume, and specific gravity all fall within the range of those used in the
present study, from parent-plants at similar distances.
104
9 月 9 日（金）
11:00 〜 17:00　The difference of pelvic shape between terrestrial and semiaquatic carnivores
Keiko Fukuoka!, Masaharu Motokawa"
Grad. sch. of Sci. Kyoto Univ!, The Kyoto University Museum"
In this study, the morphology of carnivoran pelvis is compared using three dimensional geometric
morphometrics. This study focuses on the pelvic difference between terrestrial and semiaquatic carnivores. 38
landmarks are collected from a total of 76 individuals of 7 pinnipeds, 4 species nearly living in water (Enhydra
lutris, Lutra lutra, Mustela vison, and Ursus maritimus), and 7 terrestrial species.
The results show that species more adapted for the life in water have more conical shaped pelvis. This change
was characterized by that the ischial tuberosity went inner and the pubic symphysis went caudal direct.
Semiaquatic mammals might take this less water resistance shape due to buoyancy although these changes seem
to be disadvantageous in terrestrial species since this makes it difficult to sustain their body weight and internal
organs. The pelvic shape change is influenced by the life style of its animal. This change for semiaquatic life has
occurred in different clades such as Otariidae and Phocidae in parallel.
Sexual dimorphism of skull allometry in the Japanese weasel Mustela itatsi
Satoshi Suzuki1,Masaharu Motokawa2
Dept. Zool., Grad. Sch. Sci., Kyoto Univ.1, Kyoto University Museum, Kyoto Univ.2
The Japanese weasel Mustela itatsi, an endemic species of Japan is known to have remarkable sexual size
dimorphism (SSD). It is reported that SSD generally increases proportionally with body size in Mustela.
However, M. itatsi shows greater SSD than expected for their given size. Although size difference has been the
focus of most previous studies on sexual dimorphism of Mustela skull, shape difference between sexes has
seldom been quantitatively evaluated. In this study, we analyzed sexual difference of skull shape by comparing
bivariate allometric patterns of 44 skull measurements against condylobasal length (CBL), using 30 adult
specimens of M. itatsi (male 16, female 14). Among the measurements we assessed, 29 linear measurements
showed significant correlations with the CBL. In the standardized major axis regressions using these
measurements, three measurements showed significant differences of slopes between sexes. This indicates that
nasal length, zygomatic length, and mandibular depth of female are more strongly affected by the skull size
variation. Nine measurements showed significantly different elevations between sexes. This indicates that female
possesses relatively larger neurocranium and wider rostrum. Differences of allometric trajectories between sexes
suggest that female is not simply a dwarf morph of male and imply that remarkable sexual difference of
ontogenetic patterns (growth duration and speed of each skull component) reflects intersexual differences of life
history strategies. 105
口頭発表　Testing heterochrony for dietary adaptations in skull morphology of canids
Masakazu Asahara1Masaharu Motokawa2
Graduate School of Sciences, Kyoto University1Kyoto University Museum, Kyoto University2
During ontogeny in canids (Canidae, Carnivora), skull shapes were changed from brachycephalic (with smaller
snout) to dolichocephalic (with larger snout). Similar morphological variation exists as a result of dietary
adaptations among whole Carnivora. That is, carnivorous species have brachycephalic skulls and omnivorous
species have dolichocephalic skulls. Thus, we could hypothesize that such variation in skull morphology was
resulted from heterochronic evolution. To test this hypothesis, we compared skull morphology of canids
including juveniles and adults using three-dimensional geometric morphometrics and several measurements.
Then, ontogenetic trajectories were compared among species. We found some cases of large carnivorous species
could be interpreted to heterochronic evolution as progenesis in shape. However, ontogenetic trajectories of skull
shapes largely varied and thus simple heterochronic evolution as progenesis or hypermorphosis could not explain
for most variations of skull shape in canids. On the other hand, size of the snout shared similar ontogenetic
allometric lines among species and thus size of snout is adaptable to heterochronic explanation. However
allometric lines of lengths constituting proportion of snout varied among species. Our results raised conflict
between size and shape morphogenesis and inferred that heterochrony is mainly important for size
morphogenesis.
Allometry of masticatory muscles of the order Carnivora
Kaoru Furuuchi1Hideki Endo2
Department of Earth and Planetary Science, The University of Tokyo1, The University Museum, The
University of Tokyo2
Carnivora has been focused on its mastication by the dental morphology and the morphometrics of its skull. On
the other hand, myological approaches have not been carried out enough. This study conducts the gross anatomy
of the four masticatory muscles (masseter, temporalis, medial and lateral pterigoid) in the 18 species of
carnivores to examine the relationships between the muscle mass and the fascicle length. In the double
logarithmic plot (x-axls: the fascicle length, y-axls: the muscle mass), the masseter and temporalis, the main
generators of bite force, were highly correlated. The former: y=2.879x+0.419, R2=0.941, the latter:
y=2.940x+0.507, R2=0.926. The growth of the two muscles showed an isometric trend, and was not influenced
by phylogenetical status and feeding behaviors in each species. The results suggest that the bite force of
carnivora may be determined by fascicle length rather than the muscle shape at least in the masseter and
temporalis.
106
9 月 9 日（金）
11:00 〜 17:00　Morphological diversity and functional significance of the ossicles among
lipotyphlans
Misato Hosojima1Daisuke Koyabu2Hideki Endo1
The University Museum, The University of Tokyo 1, The Kyoto University Museum2
Considerable interspecific morphological variations are observed in the auditory ossicles among mammals. The
low-frequency sound is the most dominant in the underground environment, and the subterranean species use
low-frequency sound for auditory perception. In this study, we hypothesized that the patterns of morphological
diversity in the ossicles is influenced by variation in lifestyles. To test this hypothesis, we morphologically
compared the ossicles among the lipotyphlan species which include various lifestyles, such as terrestrial,
semi-subterranean, and subterranean. We conducted 3D reconstructions of micro CT images of the ossicles for
one species of hedgehogs, seven species of shrews, one species of solenodons, and six species of moles. Then,
linear traits and surface areas were compared among species. The ratios of malleus lever arm against incus lever
arm were lower in the order of subterranean, semi-subterranean, and terrestrial lifestyle. In contrast, the
stapes-footplate areas were larger in the order of subterranean, semi-subterranean, terrestrial lifestyle. In addition,
the malleus/incus lever ratios and stapes-footplate areas were not correlated with phylogenetic relatedness. It has
been known that reduced malleus/incus lever arm ratio and enlarged stapes-footplate areas can efficiently
transmit low-frequency sound. Therefore, we suggested that the morphological diversity in the ossicles may be
evolutionarily correlated to the variation in lifestyles among liphotyphlan species.
Heterochrony of cranial ossification sequence in Boreoeutherian mammals
Daisuke Koyabu1Marcelo R. Sánchez-Villagra2Hideki Endo3
The Kyoto University Museum1, Paleontological Institute and Museum, University of Zürich2, The University
Museum, The University of Tokyo3
To investigate the role of ontogenesis in producing adult morphological diversity, the most
comprehensive analysis to date on osteogenesis of 22 cranial elements in 42 species of mammals was conducted,
spanning over nine orders. Results demonstrate that mammals are characterized by the delayed onset of
pterygoid relative to other bones compared to the sauropsid outgroups. Given the evolutionary fact that the
pterygoid bone has experienced a relative size reduction in mammals from the condition of early synapsids, we
suggest that the late shift of the pterygoid is linked to the evolutionary reduction of this bone in mammals. In
addition, we find that moles are characterized by the extremely early development of the bones that constitute
the vomeronasal complex (nasal, vomer, palatine, frontal, and pterygoid). Since the vomeronasal complex is
relatively robust compared to those of the moles’ close relatives (shrews and hedgehogs) and plays an important
role in fossorial lifestyle, we suggest that the early developmental shift of vomeronasal bones in moles reflects
their functional emphasis on this morphological complex. We also detect a pattern of step-by-step early shifts of
the occipital bones in human evolution. Basioccipital moves earlier in Euarchontoglires, supraoccipital shifts
earlier in Primates, exoccipital moves earlier in Catarrhini, and exoccipital shifts further earlier in Homo sapiens.
As these bones have been proportionally enlarged in the human lineage, the gradual acceleration of occipital
bone development may be linked to evolutionary expansion of these bones. Our comprehensive study on cranial
ossification sequence reveals that numerous sequence heterochronies have occurred along the evolution of
mammals and suggests that shifts in developmental program may reflect evolutionary changes in life histories.
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口頭発表　Elbow extensor, flexor, and adductor moment arms as an indicator of forelimb
posture and scansorial ability in quadrupedal tetrapods
Shin-ichi Fujiwara1,2John R. Hutchinson2
The University Museum, The University of Tokyo1Royal Veterinary College2
Forelimb postures (e.g., sprawling and sagittal) and scansorial abilities have dramatically diversified in the
tetrapod lineage. But the skeletal morphologies that indicate either posture or locomotor abilities are not well
understood. Hence, forelimb postures of some extinct taxa (e.g., desmostylian mammals) have been
reconstructed in different ways among researchers. Here we report a new forelimb posture indicator which is
applicable to a majority of extant tetrapods. First, the degree of elbow joint adduction/abduction mobility was
determined in some lizard specimens. This step revealed that the carpal flexors also function as elbow
“adductors”, which may play a major role during the stance phase in sprawling postures (e.g., toads, monotremes,
moles, lizards). This function is different from sagittal and creeping (against surface friction: e.g., sloths) limb
postures which respectively depend more on elbow extensors and flexors for propulsion. Measurements of elbow
muscle moment arms in 313 extant tetrapod skeletons (Anura, Testudines, Lepidosauromorpha, Crocodilia, Aves,
and Mammalia: 32 orders, 122 families, and 259 genera) revealed that sprawling, sagittal, and creeping tetrapods
respectively emphasize elbow adductor, extensor, and flexor muscle functions over others. Furthermore,
scansorial taxa possess relatively larger elbow flexor moment arms than non-scansorials. Therefore, forelimb
postures of extinct tetrapods can be reconstructed based on our new quantitative index. Desmostylian mammals
are categorized as sagittal non-scansorials based on this indicator.
Macroscopic observation of male and female reproductive organ in Korean
water deer (Hydropotes inermis)
JoonHyuk Sohn1 YungKun Kim1 Sang-In Kim1 Peter Wooding2 Junpei Kimura1
College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea1,
College of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, UK2
The water deer is known to be an endemic species in Korea and some limited areas in East China and
South-eastern part of England. There have been no studies of their basic reproduction. To understand
the reproductive strategy of this species, their male and female reproductive organs were anatomically
observed. The ampulla of deferent duct, vesicular gland, prostate gland (body and diffuse part) and
bulbourethral gland were identified. Their shape, location and structure were basically similar to that of
goat and sheep like small ruminants. The existence of the spermatozoon was histologically confirmed in
the lumen of the convoluted seminiferous tubule of individuals obtained on late October to December.
Spermatogenesis might take place in specific periods. The uterus was categorized as a bicornuate uterus.
The placentomes existed in the whole uterine horns and numbered 6. The volume of each cotyledon
was 16-17cm3. The shape of the placentome was convex. The placenta can be classified as an
oligocotyledonary placenta. The number of fetus is 2-4 and is exceptionally larger than in other
ruminant species. Although the number of placentomes is similar to other cervidae species, there might
be some special mechanism or structure in the attachment site of the fetus to accommodate an
extraordinary number of fetuses in the water deer. These results may contribute to the management and
conservation of this species.
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9 月 9 日（金）
11:00 〜 17:00　Geographic variation in cranial shape of the greater Japanese shrew-mole
(Urotrichus talpoides) reflects chromosomal variation patterns
Laura A. B. Wilson1Masaharu Motokawa1Masashi Harada2Norman MacLeod3Eugenie Barrow4Marcelo
R. Sánchez-Villagra5
The Kyoto University Museum1, Osaka City University Medical School2, Natural History Museum3, University
of Oxford4, University of Zürich5
Two karyotype races of the greater Japanese shrew-mole (Urotrichus talpoides) are known to occur on Honshu,
with the boundary being found along the Kurobe-Fuji line. We conducted the first study of geographic variation
in cranial morphology to test whether chromosomal variation patterns were reflected in morphological data and
to quantify geographic shape variation. In total, 174 shrew-moles were analysed using landmark- and
outline-based geometric morphometric methods. Results indicate ventral and dorsal cranial morphology differed
between shrew-moles from western and eastern Honshu, in agreement with chromosome variation boundaries.
Inclusion of other island populations revealed differences between shrew-moles in Kyushu, Tsushima and North
Honshu. Shrew-moles from Tsushima and North Honshu have a progressively more elongated zygomatic arch
and lengthened rostrum compared with those from Kyushu. For the dentary, geographic separation was greatest
for the coronoid process. Shrew-moles from eastern Honshu are characterised by a coronoid process with a
shorter anterior margin and slightly broader tip compared to western Honshu populations.
CRANIOMETRIC VARIATION AMONG THE RACCOON DOG
POPULATIONS IN EURASIA
Sang-In Kim1,2, Kaarina Kauhala4, Hang Lee2,3, Mi-Sook Min2,3, and Junpei Kimura1
Lab. of Vet. Anatomy1, Conservation Genome Resource Bank for Korean Wildlife2, Research Inst. for
Vet. Sci. and Coll. of Vet. Med. Seoul Nat’l Univ., Korea 3, Finnish Game and Fisheries Research
Inst., Finland4
The raccoon dog, Nyctereutes procyonoides, is an endemic species in East Asia but can be found as far as
Europe after being introduced from eastern part of Russia about 70 years ago. Currently this species is divided
into six subspecies depending geographic distribution. Recent studies have proposed that Japanese raccoon dogs
should be classified as a distinct species from other subspecies because of its unique chromosome number.
However, since there have been few studies using molecular markers and morphological characters,
geographical variation among all raccoon dog populations remain unclear. To clarify the morphological variation
among raccoon dog populations, we examined 480 skulls consisting of five subspecies from seven locations:
Korea, Honshu, Shikoku, and Hokkaido in Japan, Northern China, East Russia and Finland. Our results indicated
that Finnish raccoon dogs possessed substantially different shape of skull and teeth by validity of Bergmann’s
rule. Variation analysis also showed that Hokkaido populations were significantly different from other
populations within the Japanese raccoon dogs and this might be affected by isolation by Blakistone’s line. We
insist that Bergmann’s rule could be one of the influential factors affecting the skull morphology of the Finnish
and Hokkaido populations. This study suggests the revaluation of the taxonomic status of these subspecies and
management of raccoon dogs. Extension of morphological studies will also be necessary to confirm of these
interpretations.
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口頭発表　The origin of the sable in Hokkaido inferred from mitochondrial NADH
dehydrogenase subunit 2 gene sequences.
Jun J. Sato1Tetsuji Hosoda2Alexey P. Kryukov3Irina V. Kartavtseva3Hitoshi Suzuki4
Dept. Biotech., Fukuyama Univ.1Taikyu High School2Inst. Biol. Soil Sci., FEB, Russ. Acad. Sci.3Grad. Sch.
Env. Earth Sci., Hokkaido Univ.4
Genetic status and the origin of the sable Martes zibellina (Carnivora, Mustelidae) in Hokkaido was evaluated by
comparing the genetic diversity of populations in Russian Far East and Hokkadio, using nucleotide sequences of
the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 gene (976 base pairs). Molecular phylogenetic (Maximum
likelihood and Bayesian inference approaches) and network (Median joining method) analyses recovered the
monophyly of the sables originated from Hokkaido. Bayesian-relaxed molecular clock dating approach estimated
the date for the migration of sables into Hokkaido to lie between 0.10 and 0.27 million years before present.
Taking into account the geological evidence that Hokkaido was not connected to the other Japanese islands but
to Eurasian continent in the Late Pleistocene period and that the sables have not been found on the Japanese
islands other than Hokkaido, the Late Pleistocene period was supposed to be the most plausible epoch for the
establishment of the sable in Hokkaido. Lower genetic diversity of the Hokkaido population of the sable
observed in this study was probably caused by the founder effect in the establishment of the sable population on
the island or excessive hunting by humans for fur industry. We further discuss the genetic diversity of
populations in Russian Far East and mammalian faunal constructions in Hokkaido.
Organization analysis of the mitochondrial DNA control region in the genus
Naemorhedus and Capricornis in the tribe Caprini (Bovidae)
Junghwa An1,3, Hideo Okumura2, Yun-Sun Lee1, Kyung Seok Kim1, Mi-Sook Min1, Hang Lee1
CGRB, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National
University1, FFPRI, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8687, Japan2, NEI, Ministry of Environment, South Korea3
Gorals (Naemorhedus species) and Serows (Capricornis species) are closely related species in the tribe Caprini.
In order to investigate the patterns of variation across the control region domains of mitochondria, a study on the
comparative analysis both within and between species was accomplished. Complete sequences of the
mitochondrial control region (1031-1212 nt) from 73 specimens of 5 species (2 Naemorhedus species, 2
Capricornis species, 1 Capra hircus) were aligned and analyzed. A total of 15 haplotypes from N. caudatus, 1
from N. goral, 8 from Capra hircus, 2 from C. swinhoei, and 27 from C. crispus were tested for reconstructing
the phylogenetic tree. Based on comparative analysis of control region sequences of five species for the present
study, we also found three distinct domains as described firstly by Sbisa (1997): ETAS, central, and CSB domain.
As base composition of three domains, A+T<G+C was found. Three tandem repeats (about 76 nt) were found in
left domain of control region of N. caudatus and N. goral, while two tandem-repeated sequences were identified
in C. crispus and Capra hircus. CSB-1 and polypyrimidine tract were also represented and showed homologous
region compared with other domains. In the aligned sequences of tandem repeats, two pairs of mirror symmetry
sequences (TACAT, ATGTA) were found. The phylogenetic inference by complete sequence of control region
implied that Naemorhedus and Capricornis had distinct clade as a different genus, concordant with the findings
previously described by cytochrome b.
110
9 月 9 日（金）
11:00 〜 17:00　Population genetic structure and evolutionary history of Eurasian red squirrels,
Sciurus vulgaris, from East Asia
Lee, Mu-Yeong1�Lee, Seo-Jin1�Inna Voloshina2� Bayarlkhagva, Damdingiin3�Min, Mi-Sook1�Lee, Hang1
�Conservation Genome Resource Bank for Korean Wildlife,College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National
University1 Lazovsky State Nature Reserve, 56 Centralnaya St., Lazo, Primorsky Krai 692980, Russia2
Department of Molecular Biology, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar 210646, Mongolia3�
Understanding the correct population subdivision and extent of genetic divergence among populations is decisive
for development of efficient management and conservation plan. Using two different kinds of genetic markers,
mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and microsatellite loci, we evaluated population genetic structure of Eurasian red
squirrels collected from Russia, China, Mongolia, and South Korea. The mtDNA data showed gene genealogies
of S. vulgaris are not structured while microsatellites outcomes indicated three population genetic structures
according to geographic affiliation. In particular, the star-like pattern and low genetic variation were observed
from mtDNA. The discrepancy of results between mtDNA and microsatellite loci could be caused by several
factors such as sex-biased dispersal, differences in refugial effective population size, or time frame difference
each genetic marker showed. We will think about which factors result in this contrasting population genetic
structure of S. vulgaris.
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