作業関連疾患のアクティブ・サーベイランス

㨬ഭ௛቟ోⴡ↢⎇ⓥ㨭, Vol.??, No.?, pp.???-???, Sept. (2011)
⺰ ᢥ
૞ᬺ㑐ㅪ∔ᖚߩࠕࠢ࠹ࠖࡉ࡮ࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬ
㧙Web ᖱႎࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩ㐿⊒ߣᵴ↪㧙
Ძ ೑ ৻ ᐔ*1,2 ဈ ᧄ 㦖 㓶*1,3 ’ ␽*1,4 ዊ Ꮉ ᐽ ᕶ*1
ࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬߣߪ㧘ஜᐽ໧㗴ࠍ⋙ⷞߔࠆߚ߼ߩ઀⚵ߺߢ޽ࠅ㧘౏ⴐⴡ↢ቇ⊛ߥ⺖㗴ߩ⊒↢ࠍㄦㅦߦ᝝ᝒߒ㧘
ᄙᢙ޽ࠆ⺖㗴ߦఝవ㗅૏ࠍ⸳ቯߒߡ␠ળ⊛⾗Ḯߩ㈩ಽࠍല₸⊛ߦⴕ޿㧘޽ࠆ޿ߪኻ╷ߩലᨐࠍ⹏ଔߔࠆ㓙ߥߤߦ㧘
ᔅⷐߣߐࠇࠆ⑼ቇ⊛ᩮ᜚ࠍឭଏߔࠆ㧚ߒ߆ߒߥ߇ࠄ㧘ᣣᧄߩ⡯ᬺ∛㧛૞ᬺ㑐ㅪ∔ᖚߩࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬߦߟ޿ߡߪ
ㆊዊ⹏ଔ߇໧㗴ߣߐࠇߡ߈ߚ㧚ߎߩߚ߼૞ᬺ㑐ㅪ∔ᖚࠍኻ⽎ߣߒߚᣂߒ޿ࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬࡕ࠺࡞ߩ⏕┙ࠍ⹜ߺߚ㧚
2002 ᐕࠃࠅ Web ࡌ࡯ࠬߩࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩ㐿⊒ߦขࠅ⚵ߺ㧘⡯ᱧ⸥㍳ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߥߤਃߟߩ⇣ߥࠆࠪࠬ
࠹ࡓࠍ᭴▽ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߚ㧚ߒ߆ߒ㧘∝଀ߩႎ๔ߦෳടߔࠆකᏧࠄߩࠣ࡞࡯ࡊߩ⚵❱ൻ߇࿎㔍ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ታ⾰⊛
ߥⒿ௛ߦߪ⥋ࠄߥ߆ߞߚ㧚਎⇇⊛ߦ⷗ࠇ߫㧘ᓥ᧪ߩഭἴ࡮⡯ᬺ∛ࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬ߆ࠄࠃࠅࠕࠢ࠹ࠖࡉߥ૞ᬺ㑐ㅪ
∔ᖚߩࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬ߳ߣะ߆ߞߡ߅ࠅ㧘ᣣᧄߦ߅޿ߡ߽ᣂߒ޿ࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩ⏕┙߇ᔅⷐߣߐࠇߡ
޿ࠆ㧚
ࠠ࡯ࡢ࡯࠼ ૞ᬺ㑐ㅪ∔ᖚ㧘ࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬ㧘Web ᖱႎࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ㧚
1 ߪߓ߼ߦ
1000
ࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬߣߪ㧘ஜᐽ໧㗴ࠍ⋙ⷞߔࠆߚ߼ߩ⛮⛯
800
⊛߆ߟ♽⛔⊛ߥ࠺࡯࠲෼㓸㧘⸃ᨆ㧘⸃㉼ߘߒߡ⸥ㅀ⊛ᖱ
ႎឭଏߩߚ߼ߩ઀⚵ߺ 1) ߥߤߣቯ⟵ߐࠇࠆ㧚ഭ௛቟ోⴡ
600
ઙᢙ
↢ߦ߅޿ߡߪ㧘ᣣᧄߢߪഭἴ⵬ఘ⛎ઃ⛔⸘㧘ഭ௛⠪ᱫ்
∛ႎ๔ߦၮߠߊഭ௛ἴኂ⊒↢⁁ᴫႎ๔߿ᬺോ਄∔∛⊒↢
⁁ᴫ╬⺞ᩏ㧘޽ࠆ޿ߪഭ௛ἴኂേะ⺞ᩏߥߤ߇ߎࠇߦ޽
400
200
ߚࠆ㧚
0
ࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬߦࠃߞߡᓧࠄࠇߚᖱႎߪ㧘౏ⴐⴡ↢ቇ
⊛ߥ⺖㗴ߩ⊒↢ࠍㄦㅦߦ᝝ᝒߒ㧘ᄙᢙ޽ࠆ⺖㗴ߦఝవ㗅
ᝄേ㓚ኂ ᬺോ਄
૏ࠍ⸳ቯߒߡ␠ળ⊛⾗Ḯߩ㈩ಽࠍല₸⊛ߦⴕ޿㧘޽ࠆ޿
ᝄേ㓚ኂ ഭἴ
㗪⢋⣨㓚ኂ ᬺോ਄
㗪⢋⣨㓚ኂ ഭἴ
࿑ 1 ᝄേ࡮㗪⢋⣨㓚ኂߦ㑐ߔࠆ⛔⸘ߩᲧセ㧔1986-2009㧕
ߪኻ╷ߩലᨐࠍ⹏ଔߔࠆ㓙ߥߤߦ㧘ᔅⷐߣߐࠇࠆ⑼ቇ⊛
㧙ᬺോ਄∔∛⛔⸘ߣഭἴ⵬ఘ⛎ઃ⛔⸘㧔ᣂⷙ㧕㧙
ᩮ᜚ࠍឭଏߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ㧚
㧔⾗ᢱ㧦ో࿖ഭ௛቟ోⴡ↢࠮ࡦ࠲࡯ㅪ⛊ળ⼏ 㧕㧕
ߒ߆ߒߥ߇ࠄ㧘ഭ௛቟ోⴡ↢ߦ߅ߌࠆࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬ㧘
․ߦ⡯ᬺ∛㧛૞ᬺ㑐ㅪ∔ᖚߩࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘
ߚ߮ߚ߮ㆊዊ⹏ଔ߇໧㗴ߣߐࠇߡ߈ߚ 2)㧚ߣࠅࠊߌᣣᧄ
ߦ߅޿ߡߪ㧘⡯ᬺ∛ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⛔⸘߇ഭἴ⵬ఘ⛎ઃ⛔⸘ߣ
ᬺോ਄∔∛⊒↢⁁ᴫ⺞ᩏߢᄢ߈ߊ㘩޿㆑ߞߡ޿ߡ㧔࿑ 1㧕
3)
ା㗬ᕈ߇ૐ޿㧚ߐࠄߦ㧘ࠃࠅᄢ߈ߥᢙሼߣߥࠆഭἴ⵬
ఘ⛎ઃ⛔⸘ߪ㧘෩ߒ޿⹺ቯၮḰࠍḩߚߔ੐଀ߩߺࠍᢙ߃
ߡ޿ࠆߩߢ㧘ᧄ᧪㧘੍㒐ߩߚ߼ߩ੺౉߇ᔅⷐߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇ
ࠆ૞ᬺ㑐ㅪ∔ᖚߩ㗫ᐲ߆ࠄߔࠆߣ㧘⋧ᒰ⒟ᐲߩㆊዊ⹏ଔ
ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆߣ⠨߃ߡࠃ޿㧚
ታ㓙㧘৻ቯߩၮḰࠍḩߚߒ㧘்∛ߩ૞ᬺ㑐ㅪᕈ߇᣿⏕
ߥ᳓Ḱߦ޽ࠆߣ޿߃ࠆ⡯ᬺ∛ߩߺࠍᢙ߃ߚߩߢߪ㧘੍㒐
⊛ⷰὐ߆ࠄߪ໧㗴ߩᄢ߈ߐࠍ⷗⺋ࠆ㧚ᣣᧄߩഭἴߦ㑐ߒ
ߡ⸒߃߫㧘⹺ቯߐࠇߚ߽ߩߩ⛔⸘ࠃࠅ߽㧘↳⺧ᢙߩ⛔⸘
ࠍ⷗ߚᣇ߇㧘੍㒐⊛ⷰὐ߆ࠄߪࠃࠅ᦭↪ߥᖱႎ߇ᓧࠄࠇ
ࠆ㧚⋧ኻ⊛ߥ⴫⃻ߢߪ޽ࠆ߇㧘೨⠪ߦኻߒߡᓟ⠪ߪࠃࠅ
ࠕࠢ࠹ࠖࡉߥࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬ㧔ࠕࠢ࠹ࠖࡉ࡮ࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜
ࡦࠬ㧕ߣ๭߫ࠇࠆ㧚
ߎ߁ߒߚ⃻⁁ߦኻߒ㧘ࠃࠅ♖ᐲߩ㜞޿⡯ᬺ∛㧛૞ᬺ㑐
ㅪ∔ᖚߩࠕࠢ࠹ࠖࡉ࡮ࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬߩࡕ࠺࡞ࠍ⏕┙ߔ
ࠆߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߡ㧘ഭ௛቟ోⴡ↢✚ว⎇ⓥᚲ
㧔JNIOSH㧕ߢߪ 2002 ᐕࠃࠅ Web ࡌ࡯ࠬߢߩࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ
࡜ࡦࠬࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ㧔Work-Related Disease Surveillance㧘
⇛⒓ WorldSurv㧕ߩ㐿⊒ߦขࠅ⚵ࠎߢ߈ߚ㧚ߒ߆ߒߥ߇
ࠄ㧘ߎߩࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߪ৻ᔕߩቢᚑࠍ⷗ߚ߽ߩߩ㧘ࠤ࡯ࠬႎ
ഭ௛቟ోⴡ↢✚ว⎇ⓥᚲ
†*1 ේⓂฃℂ
0000 ᐕ 00 ᦬ 00 ᣣ
๔ߩߚ߼ߩ↥ᬺකࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢࠍ⏕┙ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߕ
*2 ഭ௛⑼ቇ⎇ⓥᚲ⎇ⓥㇱ
ታ⾰⊛ߥⒿ௛ߦߪ⥋ࠄߥ߆ߞߚ㧚
*3 ጊญᄢቇකቇㇱ
*4 ᗲ⍮ᢎ⢒ᄢቇ
ߎߩߚ߼㧘ᣂߚߦႎ๔ߩߚ߼ߩࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢࠍ᭴▽ߔ
ࠆߩߢߪߥߊ㧘ߔߢߦࠝࡈ࡜ࠗࡦߢߩࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬࠍ
ㅪ⛊వ㧦‫ޥ‬214-8501 ␹ᄹᎹ⋵ᎹፒᏒᄙ៺඙㐳የ 6-21-1
ᚑഞߐߖߡ޿ࠆࠣ࡞࡯ࡊߣߩ౒หߦࠃࠅ㧘Web ࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ
ഭ௛቟ోⴡ↢✚ว⎇ⓥᚲ ዊᎹᐽᕶ
࡜ࡦࠬߩၮ⋚ߩ⏕┙ࠍ⋡ᜰߔߎߣߣߥߞߚ㧚
E-mail: [email protected]
ࠞ࠙ࡦ࠲࡯ࡄ࡯࠻ߣߥߞߚߩߪ㧘ක≮⃻႐ߦ߅ߌࠆ㊎
ೝߒࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬࠍᚑഞߐߖߡ޿ࠆ⡯ᬺᗵᨴ೙ᓮ⎇ⓥ
－ 101 －
労働安全衛生総合研究所特別研究報告　JNIOSH-SRR-NO.41(2011)
Ძ೑৻ᐔ㧘ဈᧄ㦖㓶㧘’␽㧘ዊᎹᐽᕶ
2
ળߢ㧘ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞ࡮ࡃ࡯ࠫ࠾ࠕᄢቇ߇㐿⊒ߒߚ EPINetTM
4)
ߩᣣᧄ 5)ࠍ↪޿㧘1996 ᐕ߆ࠄ 2000 ᐕ߹ߢߩ 5 ᐕ㑆
ߢ࿖ౝߩࠛࠗ࠭᜚ὐ∛㒮⚂ߩߴ 921 ∛㒮㧘20,007 ઙߩ੐
଀ࠍ㓸߼ߚታ❣ࠍᜬߟ 6)㧚EPINet ߇਎⇇⊛ߦ㊎ೝߒࠨ
࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬߩᮡḰ࠷࡯࡞ߣߒߡᐢ߇ࠅߟߟ޽ࠆ 7)ߎߣ
߆ࠄ㧘ⶄᢙߩ࿖ࠍ߹ߚ޿ߢߩࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬ߳ߩ⊒ዷߩ
ዷᦸࠍᜬߞߡ㧘2007 ᐕࠃࠅ GOHNET㧔Global
Occupational Health Network㧕ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߦෳടߒ
ߚ㧚
2 ⎇ⓥᣇᴺ
1) ࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩࠦࡦ࠮ࡊ࠻
࿑ 2 ߦ WorldSurv ߩࠦࡦ࠮ࡊ࠻ࠍ␜ߔ㧚ࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜
࿑ 3 ⡯ᱧ⸥㍳ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩ∝଀⊓㍳↹㕙
ࡦࠬࠪࠬ࠹ࡓో૕ߩਛߢ㧘JNIOSH ߪ Web ࡌ࡯ࠬߩࠨ
࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬ࠷࡯࡞ߩ▤ℂ࡮ㆇ↪ࠍⴕ޿㧘ኻ⽎ߣߥࠆ∔
ᖚ࡮⋡⊛ߏߣߦ⚵❱ߐࠇߚ↥ᬺක╬ߩࠣ࡞࡯ࡊ߆ࠄ⛮⛯
⊛ߦႎ๔ࠍฃߌ㧘࠺࡯࠲ࠍ෼㓸ߔࠆߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߚ㧚
෼㓸ߐࠇߚ࠺࡯࠲߆ࠄᓧࠄࠇߚᖱႎߪ㧘JNIOSH ߇⓹ญ
ߣߥߞߡ␠ળߦㆶరߔࠆߣߣ߽ߦ㧘ႎ๔ࠣ࡞࡯ࡊߦኻߒ
ߡ߽ࡈࠖ࡯࠼ࡃ࠶ࠢߐࠇࠆ㧚ߥ߅㧘ࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬ࠷࡯
࡞ࠍ Web ࡌ࡯ࠬߢឭଏߔࠆℂ↱ߪ㧘㓸⸘⚿ᨐߥߤߩ࡝ࠕ
࡞࠲ࠗࡓߢߩࡈࠖ࡯࠼ࡃ࠶ࠢ߇น⢻ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ႎ๔ߩേᯏ
ߠߌߣߥࠆߣ⠨߃ߚߎߣߦࠃࠆ㧚
࿑ 4 ࠝ࠶࠭Ყ⸘▚⚿ᨐߩ⴫␜↹㕙
࿑ 2 WorldSurv ߩࠦࡦ࠮ࡊ࠻
2) Web ࡌ࡯ࠬߩࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ
Web ࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߣߒߡߪ㧘⋡⊛೎ߦ 3 ⒳
࿑ 5 ․ቯ∔ᖚ◲ᤃേะ⺞ᩏߩ∝଀⊓㍳↹㕙
㘃ߩ㐿⊒ࠍⴕߞߚ㧚
(1) ⡯ᱧ⸥㍳ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ ᦨೋߦ㐿⊒ߒߚࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߢ
޽ࠅ㧘ႎ๔ߩਥ૕ߪབྷ⸤↥ᬺක╬㧘ᣣᏱ⊛ߦ⸻≮ߦ៤ࠊ
ߚ߼ߢ޽ࠅ㧘߹ߚ㧘੍ᢿࠍᜬߟߎߣߥߊ޽ߊ߹ߢ࠺࡯࠲
ࠅ㧘ഭ௛ⴡ↢ߦ㑐ᔃߩ㜞޿කᏧߣߒߚ㧚ᣂⷙᖚ⠪ߩ⡯ᱧ
߆ࠄ⡯ᬺ㑐ㅪᕈࠍ⹏ଔߔࠆߚ߼ߢ߽޽ࠆ㧚
ߣ⸻ᢿ⚿ᨐࠍ౉ജ㧔࿑ 3㧕ߒ㧘ᓧࠄࠇߚ࠺࡯࠲߆ࠄ⸃ᨆ
ߥ߅㧘ႎ๔ߐࠇࠆ࠺࡯࠲ߩ⼂೎ߪ㧘ႎ๔⠪ߣߒߡ⊓㍳
⊛ߦࠝ࠶࠭Ყࠍ᳞߼㧔࿑ 4㧕㧘∔ᖚߣ⡯ᬺߣߩ㑐ㅪࠍᬌ⸛
ߐࠇߚකᏧߩ ID㧘ᒰ⹥කᏧ߇ႎ๔ኻ⽎ߣߥߞߚ∝଀ߦߟ
ߢ߈ࠆࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߢ޽ࠆ㧚ႎ๔ߔࠆකᏧߩ஥ߦ㧘∔∛ߩ⡯
ߌࠆ৻ᗧߩ ID㧔ࠞ࡞࠹⇟ภߥߤ㧕㧘↢ᐕ᦬ᣣ㧘ᕈ೎ߩ⚵
ᬺ㑐ㅪᕈߩ್ᢿࠍ᳞߼ߥ޿ߎߣ߇ࡐࠗࡦ࠻ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ㧚
ߺวࠊߖߦࠃߞߡⴕ߁㧚ႎ๔⠪ߢ޽ࠆකᏧߩᲑ㓏ߢߪㅪ
ߎࠇߪ㧘කᏧߦࠃࠆ⡯ᬺ㑐ㅪᕈߩ್ᢿ߇ഭἴ⹺ቯࠍᗐ⿠
⚿น⢻ߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘JNIOSH ஥ߢߪኻᔕ⴫ࠍᜬߚߥ޿ㅪ⚿
ߐߖࠆߎߣߢ㧘࠺࡯࠲ߩ෼㓸ߦࡃࠗࠕࠬࠍ↢ߓߐߖߥ޿
น⢻ඞฬൻߦ⋧ᒰߒ㧘∉ቇ୶ℂᜰ㊎਄ߢߪ୘ੱᖱႎߦ޽
ߚࠄߥ޿ 8)㧚
－ 102 －
作業関連疾患のアクティブサーベイランス
૞ᬺ㑐ㅪ∔ᖚߩࠕࠢ࠹ࠖࡉࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬ
(2) ․ቯ∔ᖚ◲ᤃേะ⺞ᩏ ߗࠎߘߊ߿ធ⸅ᕈ⊹⤏
3
ߎߩࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߢߪ㧘᭽‫ࠍ࡞ࡀࡦࡖ࠴ߥޘ‬ㅢߓߡ↥
Ἳߥߤ㧘Ყセ⊛⡯ᬺ㑐ㅪᕈߩ್ᢿ߇ኈᤃߢ޽ࠆߣᕁࠊࠇ
ᬺකߦෳടࠍ๭߮ដߌߚ㧚଀߃߫㧘↥ᬺⴡ↢ቇળ߿ߘߩ
ࠆ߽ߩߦߟ޿ߡ㧘ᣂⷙߩฃ⸻⠪ᢙߩႎ๔ࠍ᳞߼ࠆ߽ߩߢ
⎇ⓥળ㧘࿾ၞߩ↥ᬺකߩቇ⠌ળ㧘޽ࠆ޿ߪ․ቯߩ⡯ᬺ∛
޽ࠆ㧔࿑ 5㧕㧚ߎࠇߪ㧘⡯ᱧ⸥㍳ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩᾘ㔀ߐࠍㆱߌ
ߦ㑐ᔃࠍᜬߟකᏧߩ㓸ળߥߤߢ޽ࠆ㧚
ࠆߚ߼ߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘ႎ๔ࠍߔࠆකᏧߦ⡯ᬺߣߩ㑐ㅪᕈߦߟ
߹ߚ㧘⡯ᱧ⸥㍳ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߢߪ㧘ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ┙ߜ਄ߍߩᤨ
޿ߡ್ᢿࠍ᳞߼ࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ㧚࠺࡯࠲߇෼㓸ߐࠇࠇ߫㧘
ᦼߦߘߩ໧㗴ὐࠍᵞ޿಴ߔߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߡ㧘ዋᢙߩක
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－ 103 －
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‫⾗ޟ‬㊄ߩਇ⿷ߣ⧯ᚻߩච
ߘ߁ߛ㧚
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ߚ߼ߦߪ‫ޟ‬࿖߿ⴕ᡽ߩࡃ࠶ࠢࠕ࠶ࡊ߇ਇนᰳ‫ߣࠆ޽ߢޠ‬
߆ࠄ㧘
‫৻ޟ‬ቯߩ‫ޠ‬૞ᬺ㑐ㅪᕈ߇޽ࠆ∔∛࡮்ኂ߳ߣࠨ࡯ࡌ
ᜰ៰ߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚
ࠗ࡜ࡦࠬߩኻ⽎ࠍ⒖ߔߎߣߪ㧘ᣇᴺ⺰⊛ߦ߽ᄢ߈ߥᄌൻ
ᣥ᧪ߩഭἴ࡮⡯ᬺ∛ߢߪߥߊ㧘૞ᬺ㑐ㅪ∔ᖚࠍኻ⽎ߣ
ࠍ᳞߼ࠄࠇࠆ㧚
NOHSAC ߇⸳┙ߐࠇߚ㓙㧘ᆔຬ㐳ߩ N Pearce ߪ࠾ࡘ
ߒߚࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬࠍᚑഞߐߖߡ޿ࠆࠗࠡ࡝ࠬߢߪ㧘ࡑ
ࡦ࠴ࠚࠬ࠲࡯ᄢቇߦࠃࠆ THOR㧔The Health and
࡯ࠫ࡯࡜ࡦ࠼ߦ߅ߌࠆ⡯ᬺ∛ࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬߩ⁁ᴫࠍ㧘
Occupation Reporting Network㧕ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ 10)ࠍ
‫ޟ‬ᚒ‫ߪޘ‬ᚒ‫ߊࠃ߽߃ߐ߆ߩ޿ߥ޿ߡߞ߆ࠊߌߛࠇߤ߇ޘ‬
HSE㧔Health and Safety Executive㧘ࠗࠡ࡝ࠬ቟ోⴡ↢
ࠊ߆ߞߡ޿ߥ޿㧚
㧔…we don’t even know how much we
ᐡ㧕߇ᡰេߒ㧘ߘߩ࠺࡯࠲ߪ౏ᑼ⛔⸘ߣߒߡណ↪ߐࠇߡ
don’t know.㧕‫ ࠆ޿ߡߒ⃻⴫ߣޠ‬16)㧚ታ㓙ߦ NOHSAC ߦ
޿ࠆ 11)㧚
ࠃࠆవㅴ࿖ߩࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩ࡟ࡆࡘ࡯ߢߪ㧘
ࡈ࡜ࡦࠬߢߪ࿖┙ᄢቇ∛㒮ࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢߦࠃࠆត⚝⊛
․ߦ‫੍ޟ‬㒐ߦᓎ┙ߞߡ޿ࠆ߆‫ⷰ߁޿ߣޠ‬ὐ߆ࠄߪ⹏ଔߩ
ߥ૞ᬺ㑐ㅪ∔ᖚࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬߢ޽ࠆ RNV3P㧔Le
ૐ޿߽ߩ߇ᄙߊ㧔⴫ 1㧕17)㧘ߘࠇࠁ߃ߦฦ࿖ߢᣂߒ޿ࠨ
Réseau national de vigilance et de prévention des
࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩ⏕┙ߦะߌߡߩขࠅ⚵ߺ߇ⴕࠊ
pathologies professionnelles 㧘⧷⺆⴫⸥ߪ The French
ࠇߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ㧚
national occupational disease surveillance and
ᣣᧄߩഭἴ࡮⡯ᬺ∛ࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬߦ߅޿ߡߪ㧘⃻࿷㧘
prevention network㧕12) ߇ㆇ↪ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘ႎ๔ߩਥ
ᱫ்∛ႎ๔߅ࠃ߮ഭἴ⵬ఘ⺧᳞ߣ⛎ઃߩ࠺࡯࠲߇ਥⷐߥ
૕ߪ࿖┙ᄢቇ∛㒮ߩ⡯ᬺ∛ᄖ᧪ߢ޽ࠅ㧘଻㒾⺧᳞ߩ㓙ߦ
ᖱႎḮߦߥߞߡ޿ࠆ㧚ߒ߆ߒ㧘ߘ߽ߘ߽ᱫ்∛ႎ๔ߪഭ
ࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬ߳ߩႎ๔߇⟵ോઃߌࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆߣ޿߁㧚
௛ߩ⃻႐ߦ߅޿ߡᬺോ⿠࿃ᕈࠍ᣿⏕ߦߢ߈ࠆ∔∛߿்ኂ
－ 104 －
5
૞ᬺ㑐ㅪ∔ᖚߩࠕࠢ࠹ࠖࡉࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬ
作業関連疾患のアクティブサーベイランス
⴫ 1 ᰷☨ߩਥⷐߥࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩ⹏ଔ㧔NOHSAC㧘2005㧕
࿖
ࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩฬ⒓
ኻ⽎ࠍ᝝ᝒߢ
੍㒐ߦᓎ┙
߈ߡ޿ࠆ߆
ߞߡ޿ࠆ߆
ࠞ࠽࠳
Work Injuries and Disease Database (NWIS)
2
1
ࡈ࡜ࡦࠬ
Systéme de Collecte des Données Recueillies par
2
1
les Laboratoires de CHimie de l’INRS et des CRAM (COLCHIC)
ࡈࠖࡦ࡜ࡦ࠼
Finnish Register of Occupational Diseases (FROD)
4
3
ࡈࠖࡦ࡜ࡦ࠼
Finnish Register of Occupational Injuries (FINOCCINJB)
4
3
ࠬ࠙ࠚ࡯࠺ࡦ
Informationssystemet om arbetsskador / The Work Injury Information
3
2
System (ISA)
ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞ
Sentinel Event Notification System for Occupational Risk (SENSOR)
4
3
ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞ
Adult Blood Lead Epidemiology and Surveillance (ABLES) Program
4
3
ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞ
National Traumatic Occupational Fatalities (NTOF) Surveillance System
2
2
ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞ
Hazardous Substances Emergency Events Surveillance (HSEES)
4
3
ࠗࠡ࡝ࠬ
Reporting of Injuries and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations (RIDDOR)
2
1
ᵈ㧕⹏ଔߩᜰᮡ ਇචಽ㧦1 φ ψ 5㧦චಽ
⾗ᢱ㧦International Review of Methods and Systems Used to Measure and Monitor Occupational Disease and
Injury, NOHSAC Technical Report No.3, 200516) ࠃࠅ૞ᚑ
௛ߩ⃻႐ߦ߅޿ߡᬺോ⿠࿃ᕈࠍ᣿⏕ߦߢ߈ࠆ∔∛߿்ኂ
޿ߡ૞ᬺ㑐ㅪ∔ᖚࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬࠍⴕ߁ߚ߼ߦ⸃᳿ߒߥ
ߩႎ๔ࠍ᳞߼ߡ޿ࠆ㧔቟ⴡೣ 97 ᧦㧕ߩߢ޽ࠅ㧘୘‫ߩޘ‬
ߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿⺖㗴ߩᢛℂߥߤߪ㧘ᣂߒ޿ഭἴ࡮⡯ᬺ∛
੐଀ߢᔅߕߒ߽ᬺോ⿠࿃ᕈࠍ್ᢿߔࠆߎߣߩߢ߈ߥ޿૞
㧛૞ᬺ㑐ㅪ∔ᖚࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬ߇ᬌ⸛ߐࠇࠆ㓙ߦߪ㧘ᔅ
ᬺ㑐ㅪ∔ᖚߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘ోߊᣂߒ޿ⷞὐߢࡕ࠾࠲࡝ࡦࠣ
ߕᓎ┙ߟߣ⠨߃ߡ޿ࠆ㧚
ߔࠆᚻᴺࠍ⠨߃ߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿㧚
ታߪ㧘WorldSurv ࠍ⸘↹ߒߚ㓙ߦߪഭἴ∛㒮ߩ∛⡯ᱧ
ᖱႎࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ
18)
ࠍࡕ࠺࡞ߣߒߚ㧚∔∛ᖱႎߣߣ߽ߦ߫
ෳ ⠨ ᢥ ₂
1)
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1998. p. 435-457.
⊛࡮ត⚝⊛ߦ∔∛ߣഭ௛ߩ㑐ㅪࠍᬌ⸛ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ
ߒ㧘ᣣᧄߪߔߢߦߘߩࡕ࠺࡞ࠍᜬߞߡ޿ࠆ㧚㔚ሶࠞ࡞࠹
Buehler JW. Surveillance. In: Rothman KJ, Greenland
S, editors. Modern Epidemiology. Phyladelphia (USA) :
ߊ㔺ᖱႎߩઍℂᜰᮡߣߒߡߩ⡯ᱧ߇⸥㍳ߐࠇࠇ߫㧘∉ቇ
2)
Azaroff LS, Levenstein C, Wegman DH. Occupational
ߩዉ౉߇ㅴߺߟߟ޽ࠆ⃻࿷㧘⡯ᱧߩ⸥㍳߇ⴕࠊࠇࠆࠃ߁
injury and illness surveillance: conceptual filters
ߦߥࠅ㧘ᖱႎߩ࡝ࡦࠤ࡯ࠫ߇น⢻ߦߥࠇ߫㧘∔∛ߩ૞ᬺ
explain underreporting. Am J Pub Health. 2002; 92:
1421-1429.
㑐ㅪᕈߩ⸃᣿ߪ㘧べ⊛ߦㅴ߻ߪߕߛ㧚ߒ߆ߒߎߎߢ߽᳞
߼ࠄࠇࠆߩߪ㧘ߘߩᔅⷐᕈࠍ࿖᳃ߦ⺑᣿ߒ㧘ᖱႎߩ࡝ࡦ
3)
ో࿖ഭ௛቟ోⴡ↢࠮ࡦ࠲࡯ㅪ⛊ળ⼏㧚⛔⸘⾗ᢱ㧘․㓸 ᣣ
4)
International Healthcare Worker Safety Center.
ᧄߩഭ௛቟ోⴡ↢㧚቟ో࠮ࡦ࠲࡯ᖱႎ㧚2011; 386: 24.
ࠤ࡯ࠫߦหᗧࠍᓧࠆߎߣߢ޽ࠅ㧘ⴕ᡽ߩᒝജߥ㑐ਈ߇ᔅ
ⷐߣߐࠇࠆ㧚
2007 ᐕߩ✚ോ⋭ߦࠃࠆഭ௛቟ో╬ߦ㑐ߔࠆⴕ᡽⹏
ଔ࡮⋙ⷞ⚿ᨐߦၮߠߊ൘๔
19)
EPINetTM – Exposure Prevention Information Network.
ߢߪ㧘ભᬺ 4 ᣣᧂḩߩᱫ
[Online].
[cited 2011 Sept 12]; Available from: URL:
்∛ႎ๔ߦߟ޿ߡ߽㓸⸘࡮⸃ᨆࠍ᳞߼ࠆߥߤ㧘ᣢሽߩ࠺
http://www.healthsystem.virginia.edu/internet/epinet/a
࡯࠲ߩᵴ↪ߦߟ޿ߡ߽ᡷༀߩ૛࿾߇޽ࠆߣᜰ៰ߐࠇߚ㧚
bout_epinet.cfm
ഭἴ࡮⡯ᬺ∛ߩ੍㒐ኻ╷ࠍ߽߁৻Ბㅴ߼ࠆߎߣߩᔅⷐᕈ
5)
http://jrgoicp.umin.ac.jp/index.html
⷗⋥ߒ࡮ᵴ↪ߦࠃࠅ㧘⃻ⴕߩࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬࠍࠃࠅ‫ࠕޟ‬
ࠢ࠹ࠖࡉ‫ࠆߔߦߩ߽ߥޠ‬ᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆߒ㧘߹ߚ૞ᬺ㑐ㅪ∔
⡯ᬺᗵᨴ೙ᓮ⎇ⓥળ㧚ࠛࡇࡀ࠶࠻ᣣᧄ 㧚[Online]. 2011
[cited 2011 Sept 12]: Available from: URL:
ߪ⹺⍮ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠅ㧘ߘߩߚ߼ߦ߽ᣢሽ࠺࡯࠲ߩ
6)
ᧁ᧛ື㧔ਥછ⎇ⓥ⠪㧕㧚ක≮ᓥ੐⠪ߦ߅ߌࠆ㊎ೝߒ࡮ಾഃ
ᖚߦኻᔕߢ߈ࠆࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬߩ⏕┙ࠍ⋡ᜰߔᔅⷐ߇޽
ߩታᘒߣߘߩኻ╷ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⺞ᩏ㧚ෘ↢ഭ௛⑼ቇ⎇ⓥ⾌⵬ഥ
ࠆ㧚
㊄ෘ↢ഭ௛⑼ቇ․೎⎇ⓥ੐ᬺ㧘ᐔᚑ 14 ᐕᐲ⎇ⓥႎ๔ᦠ㧚
WorldSurv/Web-Episys ߩขࠅ⚵ߺߪ㧘⚿ዪታല⊛Ⓙ
7)
WHO/Global Health workforce Alliance. International
௛ࠍ⷗ߕߦ⚳ੌߔࠆߎߣߣߥߞߚ㧚ߒ߆ߒ㧘ᚒ‫ߩߎ߇ޘ‬
Health Care Worker Safety Center – University of
ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻߆ࠄᓧߚ⚻㛎ߣᖱႎ㧘ߔߥࠊߜ૞ᬺ㑐ㅪ∔
Virginia. [Online]. 2011 [cited 2011 Sept 12]: Available
ᖚࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬߩ࿖㓙⊛ߥേะߦ㑐ߔࠆᖱႎ߿㧘Web
from: URL:
ࡌ࡯ࠬߩࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ࡜ࡦࠬࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩ⸳⸘ᚻᴺ㧘ᣣᧄߦ߅
http://www.who.int/workforcealliance/members_partne
rs/member_list/ihcwsc/en/
－ 105 －
労働安全衛生総合研究所特別研究報告　JNIOSH-SRR-NO.41(2011)
Ძ೑৻ᐔ㧘ဈᧄ㦖㓶㧘’␽㧘ዊᎹᐽᕶ
6
8)
ෘ↢ഭ௛⋭㧚‫∉ޟ‬ቇ⎇ⓥߦ㑐ߔࠆ୶ℂᜰ㊎‫ߩߡ޿ߟߦޠ‬
Report 3. [Online]. [cited 2011 Sept 13]: Available from:
Q&A㧚[Online]. 2007 [cited 2011 Sept 12]: Available
URL:
from: URL:
http://ohsnetnz.org.nz/documents/Internationalreviewo
http://www.mhlw.go.jp/general/seido/kousei/i-kenkyu/e
fSurveillanceofDiseaseandInjury.pdf
18)
kigaku/0503qa.html
9)
Hnizdo E, Esterhuizen TM, Rees D, Lalloo UG.
෸߮∛⡯ᱧಽ㘃⛔⸘ᐕႎ㧚หᯏ᭴㧘2006 ᐕ㧚
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Occupational asthma as identified by the Surveillance
10)
൘๔㧚[Online]. 2007 [cited 2011 Sept 13]: Available
programme in South Africa. Clin Exp Allergy.
from: URL:
2001;31(1):32-9.
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Center for Occupational and Environmental health,
ansi_n/ketsuka_nendo_19.html
Occupation Research Network. [Online]. [cited 2011
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http://www.medicine.manchester.ac.uk/oeh/research/th
or/
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Bonneterre V, Faisandier L, Bicout D, et al; RNV3P.
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The NIOSH Surveillance Strategic Plan. [Online]. 2001
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✚ോ⋭㧚ഭ௛቟ో╬ߦ㑐ߔࠆⴕ᡽⹏ଔ࡮⋙ⷞ⚿ᨐߦၮߠߊ
of Work-related and Occupational Respiratory Diseases
The University of Manchester. THOR: The Health and
11)
⁛┙ⴕ᡽ᴺੱഭ௛⠪ஜᐽ⑔␩ᯏ᭴㧚ᐔᚑ 16 ᐕᐲ∔∛ಽ㘃
The National Occupational Health and Safety Advisory
Committee (NOHSAC). International Review of
Methods and Systems used to Measure and Monitor
Occupational Disease and Injury: NOHSAC Technical
－ 106 －