地球環境への情報通信技術の貢献 - JGN-X

古賀先生との
最初で最後の海外出張
地球環境への情報通信技術の貢献
Contribution of ICT for Environment on the Earth
• 2002年8月11日(日)－13日(火)
– 江崎は、そのまま、San Franciscoに 成田トラン
ジット。。。。
– 機内では、古賀先生と 隣の席 でした。
– はい、飛行機の中で 飛行機の話しました。
• 2002年8月12日(月)
– TEEMA主催の IPv6ワークショップ
– 台湾の 偉い方と Dinner Meeting
Hiroshi ESAKI <[email protected]>
Director, Otemachi Research Center
(Professor, The University of Tokyo)
Analogue network
How we use the IP technology;
“ IP is not only for IT Section,
but is also for all digital devices”
Efficiency, possibility, opportunity and global
Introduction of Internet
電話
電話
産業
産業
経済
経済
産業
産業
教育
教育
運輸
運輸
農林
農林
水産
水産
電話
電話
産業
産業
経済
経済
産業
産業
教育
教育
運輸
運輸
農林
農林
水産
水産
電話
電話
インフラ
インフラ
放送
放送
インフラ
インフラ
Introduction of Native Internet
放送
放送
産業
産業
電話
電話
産業
産業
経済
経済
産業
産業
教育
教育
運輸
運輸
農林
農林
水産
水産
放送
放送
産業
産業
インターネット
インターネット
放送
放送
インフラ
インフラ
電話インフラ
放送
放送
産業
産業
放送
放送
インフラ
インフラ
電話インフラ
インターネット用
インフラストラクチャ
(光ファイバなど）
Native Internet as DeFacto
電話
電話
産業
産業
経済
経済
産業
産業
教育
教育
運輸
運輸
農林
農林
水産
水産
Internet in 2005
放送
放送
産業
産業
インターネット用インフラストラクチャ
電話インフラ インターネット用インフラストラクチャ
（光ファイバ・電波・ケーブル）
（光ファイバ・電波・ケーブル）
Sell
Selland
andbuy
buy
Information
Information
(i.e.,
(i.e.,contents)
contents)
3rd wave ： IP for E-Business
Î not only for hobby/research
4th wave ： Broadband/Ubiquitous/Mobile
Î not only for computers
- Small Nodes (e.g., Sensor Networks)
- Heterogeneous (Quality and Quantity)
generated
10
機械生成データ
0 100 Data
ギガバイト/米国民/年
1010
1 1
Sensor / Actuator
Edge System
オンラインの磁気媒
体Storage
online
Crime prevention system
Intelligent Navigation
Intelligent community
(BBS)
.00
1 .001
Client
Environment Purification / Recycling
Recycling System
Local Energy Management
Factory
Video contents
distribution
waste
(supply, storage, monitoring, saving)
processing plant
power
plant
Local Security Management
(Prevention of crime and fire)
Office
Intelligent
Location Information
Service
年
Web Server
Care
facilities
Area Management System
Server
Traditional
Transactions
1:50
Client
Sensor
Sensor Network
Network
Matsushita Electric Works
静的ウェブデータ
Static
Web data
テキストデー
タ data
Text
r
Super
Scale
Out
Toward
a. SAVE money !!
b. increase outputs !!
Authored
人間が作成する
データ
data
Smart
Smart Tag
Tag
Telematics
Telematics
Value/Worth
1. Direct income (i.e., GET money)
sell some information
(e.g., contents)
2. In-direct income (i.e., SAVE money)
Cost-reduction
Improve efficiency
Personal
multimedia
個人使用のマルチメディア
Inデータベース
databases
1995
Yea
1995 2000
2000 2005
2005 2010
2010 2015
2015
Realization
Realization
Generate
Collection
Distribution
Analyze
Process
Share
Medical
dataimaging
全医療関係イメージ
All
medical
stored
保存されている医療データ
Surveillance
監視データ bytes
.0
1 .01
100:1
Traceability
Traceability
RFID
RFID
.
1 .1
Server
Image
Image
Event
Event
•
•
•
•
•
•
Information
Information
processing
processing
1,00
0 1,000Machine-
GPS
GPS
Traffic
Traffic pattern
pattern
安全・安心
1996
1996 : : downloading
downloading
now
now : : symmetric
symmetric
2006
2006 : : uploading
uploading
放送
放送
産業
産業
IPv6 Deployment Example: TOWN
1. A lot of sensor andPOWER
actuator
Everywhere
2. SNS and P2P applications
Sensors
農林
農林
水産
水産
How use the (digital) information ?
Information
Information
processing
processing
2nd wave ： IP for Everyone/Billions
Î not only for researchers
- Scalability, Reliability & Robustness
運輸
運輸
（融合された）インターネット用インフラストラクチャ
（融合された）インターネット用インフラストラクチャ
Internet entering into 4th wave
1st wave ： Closed Î Global Open Network
Î not only for closed system
- TCP/IP as a common language
教育
教育
インターネット
インターネット
放送インフラ
電話インフラ
インターネット
経済
経済
産業
産業
電話
電話
産業
産業
Scale
Out
Scale
Up
Server
1:1
Hospital
home
Electronic
Commerce
Intelligent local government
(risk management, monitoring,
data management)
Convenience
store
Cyber public space service
Virtualization
Virtualization
Local
Government
One-stop admin. service
Electronic election
Police
Station
school
Cyber library
Cyber museum
Health Care
Medical Check
Local Safety Management
(Location, Health Care)
Integration of IP Technology with Real-Space
Aircraft / Airport
Promotion
Video(2004)
Application of
TCP/IP Sensor Networking
Technology to Facility Networking
(Mobile IPv6 RT)
IEEE 802.11b
PHS/WCDMA
Network
Wireless LAN
Wireless LAN
AP
Network
IEEE 802.11b
(Mobile IPv6 RT)
TrainCar
IPv6 Network
IEEE 802.11b
(Mobile IPv6 RT)
Resident
Example of Facility Networking
Home automation
with LONWORKS
New York Subway system
Shopping Mall, Station, Airport
FA ; Factory Automation
BA ; Building Automation
HA ; Home Automation
with LONWORKS
Dam control across the river by water department
クラウドナイン
無線接続を使った
集合住宅のファシリティ管理（北京）
＜ネットワーク家電＞
「サンピエトロ大聖堂」
未来の家
プロジェクト
（北京）
Electricity metering
インターネット
Green house project for agriculture
Building Automation
with LONWORKS
How US DoD use IPv6 ?
Global “Geospatial” Grid
GPS
Satcom
「ルーブル美術館」
「六本木ＨＩＬＬＳ」
「サンピエトロ大聖堂」
Coordinates
X.500
High-Order
Net Bits
「大阪　ハービスENT」
「ニューヨーク市学校」
「MOMA」
Mobile
Force
IPv6 Address Grid
Operations & Support
Mobile & Ad-Hoc Communications
Micro-Electronic Addressing
IPv6 Global
Address Grid
Depot-Level
Shop-Level
• Near Real-time
Maintenance Data
• Eye-Level Awareness
• Improved Combat Turns
I-Level
• Supply Requirements
• Biometrics
• Deployment & Movement
MOBILE & AD-HOC
COMMUNICATIONS
• Fleet Awareness
• System Automation
• Supply Chain
• Just In Time Delivery
How to use the sensor network
e.g., saving energy in building system
Kyoto Protocol by United Nation
Team
Teamminus
minus66%
%
• Huge operational cost
– Large energy (e.g., gas, electricity) cost
– About 30% energy saving has achieved !
①国民運動を効果的に推進するための
「チーム・マイナス6％」 キャンペーン
• Proprietary technologies
②政府発表の排出量見通しによると、
2010年排出量は約13億1,100万トン
で90年比較で6%の増加
– Large complex has more than 200K
monitoring and controlling points
– Each systems use different technology
Î Let it be open TCP/IP technology (i.e., IPv6)
③現行対策に加えてさらに約12%
（1億4,800万トン）の追加排出削減が
必要
• COP3 by United Nation
Heat
– 10%-30% energy saving
1. Improve portfolio
2. Increase asset value
A/C Light
④排出権取引市場の急速な成長
2469
Oth
ＭＪ/㎡ｙｅａｒ
⑤省エネニーズへのますますの高まり
29.4% Reduction
1744
ＭＪ/㎡ｙｅａｒ
http://eco.goo.ne.jp/word/issue/S00061.html
Life-time cost in Building System
Life time portfolio
(in office building)
Yearly portfolio
(in office building)
Design cost
C
al
iti
In
Construction
cost
Maintenance
Utility cost
(ex., Electricity)
21%
Repair
&
Renew
t
os
General and
Administration
Expenses
– Concentrating Economy and Industries
– Heating Island
• Japan accepted COP3 by United Nations
Repair
Depreciation
and
amortization
•
Some interesting chat with Tokyo
Denryoku
Tokyo accelerate
Cleaning
Maintenance
Out-sourcing
Electricity
22.4%
Tax for
Fixed Oil,
Asset Gas
Water
Source : http://www.satobenec.co.jp/products/lcc/energy/concept/concept.html
– Decrease CO2 discharging, around 30%
– Improve energy efficiency, around 30%
• Serious accident at nuclear power plant(s)
– Could not use nuclear plant………
Need energy saving system !!!!
(*) not only for COP3, but also would contribute to
the improvement of their financial portfolio
Sensor Networking
Operation at Tokyo HQ Office of Matsushita Electric Works
設計事務所 空調ｻﾌﾞｺﾝ
東京地区
松下電工
空調機器
空調機器
・温度,流量
・温度,流量
・運転状況
・運転状況
電話回線
電話回線
⇒インターネット
⇒インターネット
EBI
LON
環境ｾﾝｻ
EMIT
環境ｾﾝｻ
・照度計
・照度計
・温湿度計
・温湿度計
・CO2計
電力量
・CO2計
電力量
（東側）
大阪大学
EMIT
屋上
６Ｆ
７Ｆ
Even with a lot of
glass windows !!!
Shiodome HQ in Tokyo
第二別館
気象ｾﾝｻ
気象ｾﾝｻ
・風向風速計
・風向風速計
・温湿度計
・温湿度計
ｹﾞｰﾄｳｪｲ
３Ｆ
１Ｆ
大阪地区
松下電工
約１２００ポイント
５分毎にＤＢへ蓄積
１Ｆ
Notes
Versus 2003/9-2004/8
Electricity
18%
CO2
312t（6.1%）
Osaka HQ office ; 29.4%
2004 versus 2003
(*) In 1990, based on the Kyoto Protocol (COP3)
by UN (United Nation), Japan targets and mandates
6% improvement to prevent and improve the
greenhouse effect, e.g., reduction of CO2.
サーバ
・照明器具
・照明器具
・空調機
・空調機
・ｺﾝｾﾝﾄ
・ｺﾝｾﾝﾄ
EMIT
Improvement
Building Automation Components enabling IPv6 (now and future plan)
ｲｰｻﾈｯﾄ
中監盤データ
中監盤データ
中央監視盤 ・熱源　等
・熱源　等
FreeFit
Lighting control unit
Facility management at Tokyo Metropolitan Office
Icont
Integrated control module
BX(Building eXchange)
Virtual IPv6 Gateway
FS (Field Server)
Internet Sensor Node
7,000 Family Mart Stores enable IPv6
IPv6
IPv6based
basedP2P
P2Pcontrol
controlof
offacilities
facilities
- -Status
Statusofofelevators,
elevators,AC
ACororventilators,
ventilators,movement
movementofofguests
guestsininthe
themuseum,
museum,temperature
temperatureofofrooms,
rooms,
surveillance
camera
images
surveillance camera imagesmay
maybe
bemonitored
monitoredininaafacility
facilitymanagement
managementcenter.
center.
- -Shared
use
of
networks
among
IP
phone,
Internet
access
and
facility
management.
Shared use of networks among IP phone, Internet access and facility management.
- -Cost
Costreduction
reduction
- -Where
Whereexperts’
experts’analysis
analysisofofdata
dataon
onthe
thenumber
numberofofguests
guestsininrespective
respectiverooms
roomsand
andtemperatures
temperaturesare
are
available,
available,ititisispossible
possibletotominimize
minimizeenergy
energyconsumption.
consumption.
Surveillance
camera
Entry sensor
TV phone
Secure
access
control
Analysis of data by experts
Meteorological data
Obtain
facility
data
Thermometers
Building facility
management
system
Energy
consumption
analysis
vendor A
Vendor B
Status of
elevators
IPv6
Internet
Museum
Minimize energy usage
based on analysis of Theater
facility data
Vendor C
Centralized control/
Remote maintenance
Facility management center
theater
museum
Rationalizing dayday-toto-day
management of facilities
using remote maintenance
Total energy
fluctuations
m2m-x
access control server
Weather data
Number of
guests
Centralized facility
management system
Released in August 2006
YAMATAKE Corporation, www.yamatake.com
7,000 stores in nation-wide Japan
BOSS-24 TM
Building-Scope TM
Data-mngmnt Support
IP BAS
TM
Savic-netＦＸ
Building
BuildingMngmnt
Mngmnt
System
System
Data-Ware
Data-Ware
Center
Center
Management
Management
Center
Center
Monitor
Monitor
Installation starting from February 2007
80 stores installation per day
Multicasting service
ISDN Î Broadband Internet with B-Flets
Mng.
Mng.
•
•
•
•
Remote Management
Center
BA ASP Service
Building Automation Business;
- Efficient facility and asset operation
Internet
BA Server
Control
Control
Integrated
Integrated
BAS Network
Shared
Shared
facility
facility
Each
Each
Areas
Areas
Remote
RemoteMngmnt
Mngmnt
Center
Center
(With IPv6）
Disaster
Disaster
control
control
Security
Security
Legacy
Legacy Others
Others
Assets
Assets
Maintenance
Supporting
WAN
WAN
FieldControl
Control
Field
BESTMAN
Voltage
Air
Voltage Heat
Heat Hygeine
HygeineElevator Air
Elevator cntrl Lights
Lights
change
cntrl
change cntrl
cntrl
ＡＣＴＩＶＡＬ
TM
Heating
Control
PARAMATRIX
Sensor and
Actuator
TM
DDC
TE
TE
In f i
lex
TM
In/Out
In/Out Surveillance
Fire Hatch
Hatch Legacy
Legacy Others Remote
Remote
Surveillance Fire
Others BAS
human
Alarm
BAS
human
Alarm Gate
Gate BAS
BAS
ID SMART
TM
Controller
By users
Key management box
RF-ID Gates
FingerPrint Gate
FumeHood
Dumper
TM
TM
SmartScreen
Other BAS
TM
Savic-net ＥＶ　Just open the FNIC Lab.
FNIC; Facility Networking
Interoperability Consortium
• Facility Networking includes;
– DNS & Directory Service (including ad-hoc
operation)
– Management Objective, e.g., XML, SORP
– Communication Protocol, e.g., DLNA, LonWorks,
BACnet, Upnp, oBIX
– Transport Protocol, e.g., IP
– Data Link Protocol, e.g., WiMAX, ZigBee
– PKI/IKE Protocol for security
[Founders]
Keio Univ.
Univ.of Tokyo
WIDE Project
Yokogawa
Echelon
Panasonic(MEW)
Shimizu
NTT Data
NTT East
NTT Facilities
Yamatake
Toshiba
Daidan
NTT Comm.
IRI Ubiteq
Furukawa
Intec Netcore
Johnson Control
Semens Bld Tech.
Broadband Eng.
Live E! Project
“Live E!” Project
http://www.live-e.org/
•
•
•
•
Live E! is a project establish a network infrastructure that can generate, collect,
transmit, process, and share digitized “Environmental Information”.
“Environmental Information” is generated and available from anywhere on the
global Internet by "Digital Weather Station“, or by any other sensor devices,
such as IP camera, that are installed by individuals and by organizations.
“Digital Weather Station” generates
Ex: Area Marketing, Weather forecasting
Ex: Nature study Ex: Facility Management
the weather information with low
School
Public Service
Office
cost and provides the information to
Data Server
any node on the global Internet
Internet
By the installation of larger number
Digital Weather Station
（VPN)
of “Digital Weather Station”, the
(DWS)
environmental information can be
SOAP/XML
RS485
richer and finer, i.e., connectivity
(installation) is own rewards.
LONWORKS
TCP/IP
It has been recognized that the
i.LON100
PSG3
Network (IPv4/v6)
applications of Live E! project
Ext: Another Sensor
Ext: IP Camera
contents can be for education,
public service and for business
cases.
DWS
http://www.live-e.org/
DWS
•
DWS
Sensor Node Networking
Initiated
Initiated “Live
“Live E!”
E!” project.
project.
Geographical Location
-- install
install weather
weather sensor
sensor units
units
-- let
information
available
for
let information available
for anyone
anyone
IP address
-- targeting
mile-mesh
network
targeting mile-mesh network
Temparature
-- three
three applications
applications (wind) anemoscope
1.
1. Educational
Educational material
material
2.
Public
service
2. Public service
3.
3. Business
Business use
use
TWNIC will
install soon
AIT and Kasetart Univ,
has installed
Rainfall
Show geographical map
New Zealand
will install
Installation example of sensor node
Dense Installation Areas
Weather Sensor Unit
小型気象観
測ユニット
ケーブル
（MAX10
ｍ）
アルミポー
ル30φｘ１
ｍ
取り付
けバンド
Legacy weather monitoring
box
Source: Mr.Yamamoto of Tokyo Metropolitan (Minato-ku)
Installation of Live E! Sensor nodes in Kurashiki City
Installation of IP camera and IP speaker　庄支所
真備支所
船穂支所
倉敷市役所
本 庁
茶屋町支所
玉島支所
水島支所
か わ せ み ネ ット拠 点
ＩＰ カ メ ラ
無 線 LAN ア ン テ ナ
ＩＰ ス ピ ー カ ー
支 所
児島支所
• Minato-ku in Metropolitan Tokyo
– Education for elementary schools
– Public service, e.g., against heatisland phenomenon or evacuation
guide for earthquake
• Kurashiki City in Okayama
– Disaster protection (against flooding
by heavy rain)
– Education for elementary and junior
high schools
• Marunouchi-District in Tokyo
Rain Fall in Kurashiki City, Okayama
Installation of Live E! Sensor node at KUSA
LIVE E! ; example of user application
Integration of Real-space and Cyber-space
- Application by high school students • Integration of
– Diorama
– Remote controlled car
– Weather station
Integration of
Diorama
Remote controlled car
Weather station
• Project institutions
- Has joined from ASTI of Philippine,
PSU of Thailand and other locations
(e.g., Taiwan and Malaysia) in Asian
countries, collaborating with APAN and AI3.
- Integrating with other information
systems, e.g., hurricane warning system
– Hiroshima City
Technical High School
– Fukuyama High &
Junior High School
– Hiroshima City University
– Hiroshima University
• Diorama system
(*) Supported by NICT’s IPv6
development and deployment
program
– Hiroshima City Technical High School
Integration of Automobiles
IPv6への限りない期待
Network covering our “Globe”
We may realize that;
• All the computing resources
on the “globe” will be
available with large
bandwidth
• Role of us, against globe
• What we can do for our
Earth ?